DOCSLIB.ORG

How to Cite Complete Issue More Information About This Article Journal's Webpage in Redalyc.Org Scientific Information System Re

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
How to Cite Complete Issue More Information About This Article Journal's Webpage in Redalyc.Org Scientific Information System Re Interciencia ISSN: 0378-1844 ISSN: 2244-7776 [email protected] Asociación Interciencia Venezuela Aquino-Bolaños, Elia Nora; Cruz-Huerta, Elvia; Martín-del-Campo, Sandra T.; Herrera-Meza, Socorro; Chávez-Servia, José Luis; Acosta-Mesa, Héctor-Gabriel; Viveros Contreras, Rubí PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF OIL THE FROM THE Tapirira mexicana Marchand SEED Interciencia, vol. 44, no. 4, 2019, pp. 236-240 Asociación Interciencia Venezuela Available in: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=33959119008 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System Redalyc More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America and the Caribbean, Spain and Journal's webpage in redalyc.org Portugal Project academic non-profit, developed under the open access initiative PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF OIL THE FROM THE Tapirira mexicana Marchand SEED Elia Nora Aquino-Bolaños, Elvia Cruz-Huerta, Sandra T. Martín-del-Campo, Socorro Herrera-Meza, José Luis Chávez-Servia, Héctor Gabriel Acosta-Mesa and Rubí Viveros-Contreras SUMMARY In Mexican culture, seeds from endemic plants, such as the saponification number, peroxides and acidity index were evalu- Tapirira mexicana Marchand (locally known as duraznillo) are ated. Fatty acid profile was obtained through gas chromatogra- consumed. These seeds are eaten ripe, fresh or toasted; howev- phy-mass spectrometry. Values of humidity, rancidity, peroxides er, there is no information available about the physical charac- and acidity index were below official standard levels. Linoleic teristics and chemical composition of this seed. The purpose of acid concentration was 19 times higher than those found in M. this study was to determine the physical-chemical characteris- integrifolia. T. mexicana oil has functional characteristics ben- tics and fatty-acid profile of oil from T. Mexicana seeds. Seed eficial for human consumption, and could be used in the food dimensions and humidity were also determined. In the oil, ob- industry. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the fatty tained by pressing at 25°C, density, humidity, rancidity, color, acid composition of oil from the T. mexicana seed. Introduction and help reduce total cholester- specifically the seeds of the physical and chemical char- ol, triglycerides and low-density Tapirira mexicana Marchand, acteristics and the fatty acid Fatty acids are fundamental lipoproteins, while increasing known locally as duraznillo, a profile of oil from Tapirira nutrients in the human diet giv- high-density lipoproteins native species to Mexico that is mexicana Marchand seeds. en the vital functions they per- (Vadivel et al., 2012). The cur- eaten in the states of Chiapas, form in the body: they consti- rent focus of food-related stud- Oaxaca, Puebla and Veracruz Materials and Methods tute the main energy reserve, ies tends to be on products with (Lascurain et al., 2010). transport a range of nutrients, high levels of MUFA and Seeds are picked by members Species regulate metabolism (Badui, PUFA. As such, the USA Food of the local communities and 2012), are a structural part of and Drug Administration (FDA) sold in local markets, consumed Tapirira mexicana March- cell membranes (Levant et al., has indicated that eating nuts is ripe, fresh or toasted (using lo- and is a genus of neotropical 2004), and regulate several an important source of MUFA cal, artisanal techniques) from small plants trees belonging to brain functions (Lee, 2013), and essential fatty acids, and July to September (Penington the Anacardiaceae family; it is among others. that the regular consumption of and Sarukhán, 2005). However, found in Mexico and parts of As such, it is important to nuts has beneficial health ef- despite being a common prac- South America, mainly in incorporate monounsaturated fects (Alasalvar and Shahidi, tice in the region, to our knowl- Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay and fatty acids (MUFA) and poly- 2009). edge no studies have been re- Brazil (Wendt and Mitchell, unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) Furthermore, it is a common ported regarding the physical 1995; Terrazas and Wendt, into the diet, given that they cultural practice among commu- and chemical characteristics of 1995a, b). The genus encom- can decrease the risk of devel- nities in Mexico to eat seeds the duraznillo seeds. The goal passes both trees and shrubs, oping cardiovascular diseases from endemic plants, of this study was to evaluate with the tree reaching a height KEYWORDS / Fatty-Acid Profile / Linoleic Acid / Physical-Chemical Analysis / Seed Oil / Received: 09/20/2018. Modified: 05/02/2019. Accepted: 05/03/2019. Elia Nora Aquino-Bolaños Elvia Cruz-Huerta. Ph.D. in Science, UV, Mexico. Doctor in ITVer, Mexico. M.Sc. in (Corresponding autor). Chemical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Food Science, Instituto Artificial Intelligence, UV, Engineer, Instituto Tecnológico and Biomedicine, Universidad Tecnológico de Veracruz Mexico. Doctor in de Oaxaca, Mexico. Doctor in Complutense de Madrid. Spain. (ITVer), Mexico. Professor, UV, Artificial Intelligence, Food Science, Universidad Research Professor, UV, Mexico. University of Sheffield, UK. Autónoma de Querétaro, Mexico. José Luis Chávez-Servia. Doctor Research Professor, UV, Mexico. Research Professor, Sandra T. Martín-del-Campo. in Genetics, Colegio de Mexico. Universidad Veracruzana (UV), Doctor in Science, Universidad Posgraduados, Mexico. Rubí Viveros Contreras. Mexico. Address: Instituto de de Guadalajara, Mexico / Professor-Researcher, Centro In- Nutritionist, UV, Mexico. Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Institut National Agronomique terdisciplinario de Investigación Master in Food Science, Veracruzana. Av. Dr Rafael Paris-Grignon, France. Research para el Desarrollo Integral UV, Mexico, Doctor in Sánchez Altamirano s/n Col Professor, Tecnológico de Regional Oaxaca, Instituto Food Science, IPN, Mexico. Industrial Animas, 91192, Monterrey, Mexico. Politécnico Nacional, Mexico. Research Professor, UV- Xalapa, Veracruz. Mexico. Socorro Herrera-Meza. Nutri- Héctor-Gabriel Acosta-Mesa. CONACyT, Mexico. e-mail: [email protected] tionist and M.Sc. in Food Computer Systems Engineer, 236 0378-1844/14/07/468-08 $ 3.00/0 APRIL 2019 • VOL. 44 Nº 4 CARACTERIZACIÓN FÍSICA Y QUÍMICA DEL ACEITE DE LA SEMILLA DE Tapirira mexicana Marchand Elia Nora Aquino-Bolaños, Elvia Cruz-Huerta, Sandra T. Martín-del-Campo, Socorro Herrera-Meza, José Luis Chávez-Servia, Héctor Gabriel Acosta-Mesa y Rubí Viveros-Contreras RESUMEN En México se consumen semillas de plantas endémicas grasos se obtuvo mediante cromatografía de gases acoplado como parte de la cultura. Ejemplo de esto es la semilla del a espectrometría de masas. El porcentaje de humedad, densi- duraznillo (Tapirira mexicana Marchand) cuyas semillas son dad, peróxidos e índice de acidez se encontraron por debajo consumidas maduras, frescas o tostadas. Sin embargo, no se de lo establecido en las normas oficiales. Se identificaron los tiene información disponible sobre las características físicas ácidos grasos en el aceite, encontrando al ácido linoleico 19 y composición química de esta semilla. El propósito de este veces más elevado en comparación con el aceite de M. inte- estudio fue determinar las características físico-químicas y el grifolia. El aceite de la especie de T. Mexicana tiene caracte- perfil de ácidos grasos del aceite de semillas de T. mexica- rísticas funcionales benéficas para el consumo humano por lo na. Las dimensiones y humedad de las semillas también fueron que podría utilizarse en la industria alimentaria. Hasta don- determinadas. En el aceite, obtenido por prensado a 25 °C, de conocemos, este es el primer reporte sobre la composición se evaluó densidad, humedad, rancidez, color, índice de sa- de los ácidos grasos del aceite de la semilla de la especie T. ponificación, peróxidos e índice de acidez. El perfil de ácidos Mexicana. CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICA E QUÍMICA DO ÓLEO DE SEMENTE DE Tapirira mexicana Marchand Elia Nora Aquino-Bolaños, Elvia Cruz-Huerta, Sandra T. Martín-del-Campo, Socorro Herrera-Meza, José Luis Chávez-Servia, Héctor Gabriel Acosta-Mesa e Rubí Viveros-Contreras RESUMO No México se consomem sementes de plantas endêmicas de ácidos graxos foi obtido mediante cromatografia de gases, como parte da cultura. Exemplo disto é a semente da Tapirirá acoplado a espectrometria de massas. A porcentagem de umi- (Tapirira mexicana Marchand) cujas sementes são consumidas dade, densidade, peróxidos e índice de acidez foram observa- maduras, frescas ou torradas. No entanto, não há informação dos abaixo do estabelecido nas normas oficiais. Identificaram- disponível sobre as características físicas e composição quími- -se ácidos graxos no óleo, o ácido linoleico foi encontrado 19 ca de esta semente. O propósito de este estudo foi determinar vezes mais elevado em comparação com o óleo de M. integri- as características físico-químicas e o perfil de ácidos graxos folia. O óleo da espécie de T. Mexicana tem características do óleo de semente de T. mexicana. As dimensões e umidade funcionais benéficas para o consumo humano por isto poderia das sementes também foram determinadas. No óleo, obtido por utilizar-se na indústria alimentar. Até onde conhecemos, este é prensagem a 25 °C, se avaliou densidade, umidade, ranço, cor, o primeiro relatório sobre a composição dos ácidos graxos do índice de saponificação, peróxidos e índice de acidez. O perfil óleo da semente da espécie T. Mexicana. of 30m, producing a wood Sample preparation calculated according to AOAC total lipids
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Assessing Bird Species Richness Within Shade-Grown Coffee Farms in Chiapas, Mexico / Project ID: 0251711
    Assessing Bird Species Richness within Shade-Grown Coffee Farms in Chiapas, Mexico / Project ID: 0251711 Daniel Camilo Thompson Poo, Daniela Valle León, Alberto Martínez Fernández and Jennifer Siobhan Lowry San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, México. C.P. 29200 / [email protected] 10 July, 2012. Revised December 2014 Assessing Bird Species Richness within Shade-Grown Coffee Farms in Chiapas, Mexico / ID: 0251711 Overall Aim The goal of this project was to identify mechanisms and conservation strategies across agro-forestry systems in the El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve in Chiapas, Mexico. In particular we analyzed key biodiversity, economic, and social components that impact land-use change and ecosystem services in coffee production areas, focusing on how to improve sustainable production and conservation of nature. 2 Assessing Bird Species Richness within Shade-Grown Coffee Farms in Chiapas, Mexico / ID: 0251711 Section 1 Summary The agroforestry systems with coffee at the Sierra Madre of Chiapas, as a part of the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor region, are important for bird species. Agroforestry ecosystems also represent sustainable livelihoods for indigenous groups on the region. Sustainable coffee farming system represents a less human impact on the ecosystem. However, not all coffee producers on the region produce on the same way. Not all the inhabitants are aware of the importance of birds, as a part of the great natural capital of la Sierra Madre, but they either are prepared for the climate change risks and impacts. In this sense, this project seeks to understand, generate and communicate information useful for coffee farmers and their families. The goal is to understand social and economic factors to maintain and increase agroforestry systems with sustainable coffee.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of the Francisco Javier Clavijero Botanic Garden
    Research article The role of the Francisco Javier Clavijero Botanic Garden (Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico) in the conservation of the Mexican flora El papel del Jardín Botánico Francisco Javier Clavijero (Xalapa, Veracruz, México) en la conservación de la flora mexicana Milton H. Díaz-Toribio1,3 , Victor Luna1 , Andrew P. Vovides2 Abstract: Background and Aims: There are approximately 3000 botanic gardens in the world. These institutions cultivate approximately six million plant species, representing around 100,000 taxa in cultivation. Botanic gardens make an important contributionex to situ conservation with a high number of threat- ened plant species represented in their collections. To show how the Francisco Javier Clavijero Botanic Garden (JBC) contributes to the conservation of Mexican flora, we asked the following questions: 1) How is vascular plant diversity currently conserved in the JBC?, 2) How well is this garden perform- ing with respect to the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) and the Mexican Strategy for Plant Conservation (MSPC)?, and 3) How has the garden’s scientific collection contributed to the creation of new knowledge (description of new plant species)? Methods: We used data from the JBC scientific living collection stored in BG-BASE. We gathered information on species names, endemism, and endan- gered status, according to national and international policies, and field data associated with each species. Key results: We found that 12% of the species in the JBC collection is under some risk category by international and Mexican laws. Plant families with the highest numbers of threatened species were Zamiaceae, Orchidaceae, Arecaceae, and Asparagaceae. We also found that Ostrya mexicana, Tapirira mexicana, Oreopanax capitatus, O.
    [Show full text]
  • Pest Management Through Tropical Tree Conservation
    Biodivers Conserv (2014) 23:831–853 DOI 10.1007/s10531-014-0636-3 ORIGINAL PAPER Pest management through tropical tree conservation Martı´n Aluja • John Sivinski • Roy Van Driesche • Alberto Anzures-Dadda • Larissa Guille´n Received: 16 November 2013 / Revised: 14 January 2014 / Accepted: 21 January 2014 / Published online: 1 February 2014 Ó The Author(s) 2014. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Tropical trees can provide various ecological services to adjacent agricultural environments, including maintaining and amplifying the numbers of beneficial insects. In Mexico, certain tree species harbor a diverse guild of hymenopteran parasitoids that attack pest fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) and are at the same time sources of valuable hard- wood timber. Indigenous trees and their associated fauna are slowly disappearing due to forest clearance and the expansion of crop monocultures. Here we explore the relationship among pest and non-pest fruit flies, their fruit-hosts and parasitoids in the context of mango orchards and surrounding patches of uncultivated vegetation and propose a novel mech- anism to use these associations in favor of conservation purposes and pest management. Trees of conservation biological control interest are classified as: (1) parasitoid multiplier plants, species that serve as alternate hosts for key fruit fly pests when their commercial hosts are not available, but in which they are unusually vulnerable to parasitism; (2) parasitoid reservoir plants, native or introduced trees in whose fruits non-pest fruit flies serve as hosts to generalist parasitoids that are able to attack pest tephritids in other species of commercially grown fruit; and (3) pest-based parasitoid reservoir plants, native or Alberto Anzures-Dadda—Deceased Communicated by Vun Khen Chey.
    [Show full text]
  • The Plight of Trees in Disturbed Forest: Conservation of Montane Trees, Nigeria
    The Plight of Trees in Disturbed Forest: Conservation of Montane Trees, Nigeria A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Masters in Evolutionary Biology at the University of Canterbury. Joshua A. Thia School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury 2014 Supervised by Assoc. prof. Hazel Chapman, Dr. Marie Hale, and Dr. Daniel Stouffer Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................................... i EQUATIONS, FIGURES, AND TABLES ................................................................................ iii CHAPTER 1 | Introduction ........................................................................................................ 1 1.1 The Afromontane Archipelago ..................................................................................... 1 1.2 Conservation in Africa ................................................................................................. 3 1.3 Habitat Fragmentation and Disturbance ....................................................................... 4 1.3.1 Genetics in conservation ................................................................................ 5 1.3.2 Genetic effects of fragmentation .................................................................... 6 1.3.3 Anthropogenic disturbance, forest fragmentation, and ecological impacts ...... 7 1.3.4 Habitat degradation and tree populations: Regeneration and evolution ........... 8 1.4 This Thesis ...............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Anatomía Sistemática De La Familia Anacardiaceae En México. L. La Corteza De Tapirira Aublet
    Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica de México 57: 103-112, 1995 DOI: 10.17129/botsci.1478 Bol. Soc. Bot. México 57: 103-112 (1995) Anatomía sistemática de la familia Anacardiaceae en México. l. La corteza de Tapirira Aublet. TERESA TERRAZAS Programa de Botánica, IRN, Colegio de Postgraduados. Montecillo, Edo. de México, 56230, México Resumen. La corteza de Tapirira se describe para las especies presentes en México. Los resultados muestran que hay caracteres anatómicos con valor diagnóstico que ayudan a diferenciar a las especies. El tamaño de los radios (altura y anchura) y el diámetro de los canales radiales de Ja corteza al igual que los de la madera ayudan a distinguir T. chimalapana de T. mexicana. La peridermis ondulada, la felodermis esclerificada y el exudado de color amarillo­ café en T. chimalapana la distinguen de T. mexicana, con peri dermis lisa, súber esclerificado y exudado de color rojo. Ambas especies presentan un ritidoma laminar, siendo más conspicuo en T. mexicana. Estudios adicionales de las especies del grupo de T. guianensis son esenciales para apoyar el valor diagnóstico de los caracteres antes mencionados. Palabras clave: Anacardiaceae, anatomía de la corteza, Tapirira chimalapana, Tapirira mexicana. Abstract. Tapirira bark anatomy is described for the species distributed in Mexico. Results show that there are anatomical characters with diagnostic value that contribute to distinguish-between species. Bark ray dimensions (height and width) and diameter of the bark radial canals distinguish T. chimalapana from T. mexicana as do wood ray dimensions and wood radial canals. Ondulate periderm, esclerified phelloderm and yellow-brownish exudate characterize T. chimalapana, while T.
    [Show full text]
  • Botanica 90(3)
    Botanical Sciences 90 (3): 263-285, 2012 TAXONOMÍA Y FLORÍSTICA LISTADO DE PLANTAS ENDÉMICAS Y EN RIESGO DE LA RESERVA DE LA BIOSFERA EL TRIUNFO, CHIAPAS, MÉXICO RUBÉN MARTÍNEZ-CAMILO1, MIGUEL ÁNGEL PÉREZ-FARRERA Y NAYELY MARTÍNEZ-MELÉNDEZ Herbario Eizi Matuda, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, México 1Autor para la correspondencia: [email protected] Resumen: Se presenta una revisión de las especies de plantas vasculares y no vasculares endémicas y en riesgo de la Reserva de la Biosfera El Triunfo. A partir de un listado del inventario fl orístico que incluye 2,990 especies y 12,835 registros de herbario, se revisó la inclusión de especies en la Norma Ofi cial Mexicana (NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010) y la Lista Roja de la Unión Interna- cional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza y se determinó su nivel de endemismo de acuerdo con su distribución geográfi ca. Se obtuvo un listado con 347 especies endémicas, de los cuales: 5.9% son endémicas a la reserva, 23.9% a Chiapas y 27.6% a Chiapas y Guatemala. De las 244 especies listadas en alguna categoría de riesgo, la norma ofi cial Mexicana refi ere: 28 sujetas a protección, 36 amenazadas y 11 en peligro de extinción. La Lista Roja de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza re- conoce: 29 especies casi amenazadas, 74 vulnerables, 63 en peligro y 16 en peligro crítico. El número de especies endémica y en riesgo representan 17% de la fl ora de la reserva y 4.2% de la fl ora de Chiapas.
    [Show full text]
  • Foraging Habits of Alouatta Palliata Mexicana in Three Forest Fragments
    Original Article Folia Primatol 2007;78:141–153 Received: December 9, 2004 DOI: 10.1159/000099136 Accepted after revision: April 24, 2006 Foraging Habits of Alouatta palliata mexicana in Three Forest Fragments a, b b Norberto Asensio Jurgi Cristobal-Azkarate b b c Pedro Américo D. Dias Joaquim J. Vea Ernesto Rodríguez-Luna a Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, School of Biological and Earth Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool , UK; b c Centre Especial de Recerca en Primats, Barcelona , España; Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa , México Key Words Howler monkey Alouatta palliata Foraging strategies Activity patterns Area size Fragmentation Abstract The activity patterns and diet of howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata mexicana) were studied in 3 forest fragments in south-eastern Mexico: Playa Escondida (PLA), Agaltepec Island (AGA) and Arroyo Liza (LIZ). Intersite differences offered the opportunity to inves- tigate the foraging adaptations of howler monkeys in response to population and hab- itat size. In the largest fragment (PLA), the howlers’ diet was based on high-quality items (fruit and young leaves). In AGA, where the density of howlers was the highest, their diet was mostly folivorous with a marked exploitation of uncommon food items such as vines, lianas, shrubs and herbs. The dietary differences in AGA were accompanied by more time spent travelling and less time spent resting. Although LIZ was the smallest fragment and had a high howler density, the small group size and the use of energy- minimizing strategies (less time spent travelling and more time spent resting) probably allowed howlers to maintain a frugivorous diet.
    [Show full text]
  • Maya Ethnobotany Complete Inventory Fruits, Nuts, Root Crops, Grains, Construction Materials, Utilitarian Uses, Sacred Plants, Sacred Flowers
    Maya Ethnobotany Complete Inventory Fruits, nuts, root crops, grains, construction materials, utilitarian uses, sacred plants, sacred flowers Guatemala, Mexico, Belize, Honduras Thirteenth edition, May 2014 Nicholas M. Hellmuth Maya Ethnobotany 1 Complete Inventory of plants Introduction This opus is a progress report on over thirty years of studying plants and agriculture of the present-day But as a work-in-progress I am constantly adding obscure edible or utilitarian plants to my list. But to Maya with the goal of understanding plant usage by the Classic Maya. As a progress report it still has keep the list within reason, I focus exclusively on the plants related to Maya culture: southern Mexico, a long way to go before being finished. But even in its unfinished state, this report provides abundant Belize, Guatemala, and portions of Honduras and El Salvador. listings of plants in a useful thematic arrangement. The only other publication that I am familiar with which lists even close to most of the plants utilized by the Maya is in an article by Cyrus Lundell (1938). This present version by FLAAR Reports has only a few illustrations ironically in part because the FLAAR Photo Archive has so many thousands of photos of ethnobotany and ethnozoology that it is • Obviously books on Mayan agriculture should have informative lists of all Maya agricultural crops, time-consuming and expensive for a small research institute to go into this large an archive and pull but these do not tend to include plants used for house construction. out photos of each species. In a single 8-day period in early June 2011 we took over 42 GB of photo- graphs (and these are compressed files; the actual total once in TIF format would be more than 80 GB).
    [Show full text]
  • CURRICULUM VITAE -- Chris J
    CURRICULUM VITAE -- Chris J. Peterson, Professor Areas of expertise: forestry, wind damage to trees, arboriculture, severe weather, treefall Address: Dept. of Plant Biology, 2502 Plant Sci. Bldg., Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 Telephone: Office: (706) 542-3754; cell: (706) 347-2336 Email: [email protected] EDUCATION B.A. 1985, Biology and Environmental Science, Taylor University, Upland, Indiana. Ph.D. 1992, Graduate Program in Ecology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ. POSITIONS HELD Postdoctoral Researcher. 1992-1994, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey. Assistant Professor. 1994-2000, Department of Botany, University of Georgia. Associate Professor. 2000-2013, Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia. Professor, 2013-present, Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia. Fulbright Fellow. 2004, Department of Forest Ecology, University of Helsinki. EXPERT WITNESS EXPERIENCE 2018-2019 Burnham Brown, Los Angeles, California 2019 Adler, Pollock and Sheehan, Providence, Rhode Island. 2019 Cozen O’Conner, Atlanta, Georgia 2019 Apperson Crump, Memphis, Tennessee CONSULTING EXPERIENCE 2010-2018 California Department of Water Resources: tree stability and risk of treefall for trees in river levees; guidance for “Levee Vegetation Management” standards. PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS (SCHOLARLY ARTICLES): In review: Peterson, C.J. In review. First-decade biomass and carbon accumulation, and woody community change after severe wind damage in a hemlock-white pine forest remnant. Forests, submitted Jan. 2021. Oldfield, C.A., and C.J. Peterson. In review. Tree wind resistance tested with static winching: an investigation of two common eastern U.S. hardwoods and meta-analysis. Trees, Forests and People, submitted Sept. 2020. San-Jose, M., L.
    [Show full text]
  • Anacardiaceae) from Early Miocene Sediments of the El Cien Formation, Baja California Sur, Mexico
    IAWA Journal, Vol. 25 (1), 2004: 103–117 A NEW SPECIES OF TAPIRIRA (ANACARDIACEAE) FROM EARLY MIOCENE SEDIMENTS OF THE EL CIEN FORMATION, BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR, MEXICO Hugo I. Martínez-Cabrera1 & Sergio R.S. Cevallos-Ferriz2 SUMMARY From the early Miocene El Cien Formation, Baja California Sur, Mexico, a new Tapirira species is described. Among the diagnostic features that relate T. peninsularis Martínez-Cabrera & Cevallos-Ferriz sp. nov. with extant species of the genus are libriform septate fibers, radial canals with 2–4 layers of epithelial cells, and scanty paratracheal to vasicentric axial parenchyma. In order to establish similarity between wood of T. penin- sularis and fossil and extant species of the genus, cluster and principal component analyses were carried out. Numerical analyses support that Tapirira peninsularis is distinct from other extant and fossil species of the genus. Quantitative characters like frequency of radial canals, diameter of fibres, vessel element lumen, and height and width of the rays with radial canals are important in distinguishing between these taxa. Though these wood characters are quantitative, they also have been useful in the recognition of two subgenera within the genus. Recognition of this new species, along with the fossil record of the group, and a phytogeographic analysis suggest a low latitude North American origin for the genus, and a subsequent introduction to southern latitudes. Key words: Anacardiaceae, Tapirira, El Cien Formation, Miocene, Baja California Sur, México. INTRODUCTION Over the last two decades the paleontology and stratigraphy of the El Cien Formation, Baja California Sur, has been studied. Most studies have focused on microfossils (Car- reño 1992), pollen (Martínez-Hernández & Ramírez-Arriaga 1996), vertebrate and in- vertebrate remains (Applegate 1986).
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Generic Relationships in Anacardiaceae
    BLUMEA 51: 165–195 Published on 10 May 2006 http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/000651906X622427 ANALYSIS OF GENERIC RELATIONSHIPS IN ANACARDIACEAE B.S. WANNAN Environmental Protection Agency, P.O. Box 802, Atherton 4883, Queensland, Australia SUMMARY Cladistic analyses were undertaken of Anacardiaceae using non-sequence data (30 genera and 81 characters from morphology, anatomy, palynology and chemotaxonomy), sequence data (26 genera – rbcL) and a combined dataset of 16 genera. All analyses supported a group of genera which can be recognised at the subfamily level: Anacardioideae. Sequence data and combined datasets supported the recognition of a second subfamily: Spondiadioideae Kunth emend. Wannan. Both datasets also suggested that Buchanania lies outside both subfamily groups. Key words: Anacardiaceae, cladistics, phylogeny, rbcL sequence data. INTRODUCTION The Anacardiaceae is a well recognised world-wide family of mostly tropical trees which has historically been placed in the Sapindales or Rutales (Bentham & Hooker, 1862; Takhtajan, 1980; Dahlgren 1980, 1983, 1989; Cronquist, 1981; Angiosperm Phylo- geny Group, 1998; Judd et al., 1999). Cronquist (1981) placed it with the Julianiaceae and Burseraceae, the three being the only families in the Sapindales with biflavonyls and vertical intercellular secretory canals in the primary and secondary phloem. The close relationships of the Anacardiaceae and Burseraceae have been recently reiter- ated by analysis of rbcL and atpB sequence data (Gadek et al., 1996; Savolainen et al., 2000a). The Burseraceae are distinguished by having two epitropous ovules per locule, in contrast to the one apotropous ovule in the Anacardiaceae. The Burseraceae also fre- quently possess lobed cotyledons in contrast to entire cotyledons in the Anacardiaceae.
    [Show full text]
  • Patterns of Vegetation Along Contrasting Elevation Gradients in Oaxaca and Veracruz, Mexico
    Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 90 (2019): e903059 Ecology Patterns of vegetation along contrasting elevation gradients in Oaxaca and Veracruz, Mexico Patrones de vegetación en gradientes altitudinales contrastantes en Oaxaca y Veracruz, México Silvia H. Salas-Morales a, Guadalupe Williams-Linera b, * a Sociedad para el Estudio de los Recursos Bióticos de Oaxaca, A.C., Camino Nacional 80, 71246 San Sebastián Tutla, Oaxaca, Mexico b Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, 91073 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico *Corresponding author: [email protected] (G. Williams-Linera) Received: 15 May 2019; accepted: 23 September 2019 Abstract Elevation gradients have been widely documented, but few studies have compared patterns of variation between contrasting transects. Our objective was to compare vegetation structure and tree species composition of forest communities on 2 extended gradients located along the Pacific coast (Oaxaca, 0-3,600 m), and the Gulf of Mexico coast (Veracruz, 70-4,000 m), Mexico. We established 21 one-ha plots on each gradient. A total of 4,229 trees were measured and identified. Results showed that with increased elevation, basal area decreased unimodally in Oaxaca, and increased monotonically in Veracruz, whereas taxa richness decreased non-linearly in both gradients. Oaxaca was warmer and drier than Veracruz, however, richness was higher in Oaxaca (260 species) than in Veracruz (210 species). A multinomial classification model identified 58 species as Oaxaca specialist and 41 as Veracruz specialists, but only 12 species were generalist in both gradients. Canonical correspondence analyses for species, genus, and family consistently separated dry forests related to temperature and potential evapotranspiration from high elevation conifer forests.
    [Show full text]