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Survey of Wild Animals in Market -Tuensang, Nagaland
Mongabay.com Open Access Journal - Tropical Conservation Science Vol.6 (2):241-253, 2013 Research Article Wildlife exploitation: a market survey in Nagaland, North-eastern India Subramanian Bhupathy1*, Selvaraj Ramesh Kumar1, Palanisamy Thirumalainathan1, Joothi Paramanandham1, and Chang Lemba2 1Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History Anaikatti (Post), Coimbatore- 641 108, Tamil Nadu, India 2C/o Moa Chang, Youth Secretary, Near Chang Baptist, Lashong, Thangnyen, Mission Compound, Tuensang, Nagaland, India *Corresponding Author ([email protected]) Abstract With growing human population, increased accessibility to remote forests and adoption of modern tools, hunting has become a severe global problem, particularly in Nagaland, a Northeast Indian state. While Indian wildlife laws prohibit hunting of virtually all large wild animals, in several parts of North-eastern parts of India that are dominated by indigenous tribal communities, these laws have largely been ineffective due to cultural traditions of hunting for meat, perceived medicinal and ritual value, and the community ownership of the forests. We report the quantity of wild animals sold at Tuensang town of Nagaland, based on weekly samples drawn from May 2009 to April 2010. Interviews were held with vendors on the availability of wild animals in forests belonging to them and methods used for hunting. The tribes of Chang, Yimchunger, Khiemungan, and Sangtam are involved in collection/ hunting and selling of animals in Tuensang. In addition to molluscs and amphibians, 1,870 birds (35 species) and 512 mammals (8 species) were found in the samples. We estimated that annually 13,067 birds and 3,567 mammals were sold in Tuensang market alone, which fetched about Indian Rupees ( ) 18.5 lakhs/ year. -
Changing Pattern of Spatio-Social Interrelationship of Hunting Community in Upper Dibang Valley
Changing Pattern of Spatio-Social Interrelationship of Hunting Community in Upper Dibang Valley, Arunachal Pradesh A Dissertation submitted To Sikkim University In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Philosophy By MOHAN SHARMA Department of Geography School of Human Sciences February 2020 Date: 07/02/2020 DECLARATION I, Mohan Sharma, hereby declare that the research work embodied in the Dissertation titled “Changing Pattern of Spatio-Social Interrelationship of Hunting Community in Upper Dibang Valley, Arunachal Pradesh” submitted to Sikkim University for the award of the Degree of Master of Philosophy, is my original work. The thesis has not been submitted for any other degree of this University or any other University. (Mohan Sharma) Roll Number: 18MPGP01 Regd. No.: 18MPhil/GOG/01 Name of the Department: Geography Name of the School: Human Sciences Date: 07/02/2020 CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the dissertation titled “Changing Pattern of Spatio-Social Interrelationship of Hunting Community in Upper Dibang Valley, Arunachal Pradesh” submitted to Sikkim University for the partial fulfilment of the degree of Master of Philosophy in the Department of Geography, embodies the result of bonafide research work carried out by Mr. Mohan Sharma under our guidance and supervision. No part of the dissertation has been submitted for any other degree, diploma, associateship and fellowship. All the assistance and help received during the course of the investigation have been duly acknowledged by him. We recommend -
Disaggregation of Bird Families Listed on Cms Appendix Ii
Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals 2nd Meeting of the Sessional Committee of the CMS Scientific Council (ScC-SC2) Bonn, Germany, 10 – 14 July 2017 UNEP/CMS/ScC-SC2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II (Prepared by the Appointed Councillors for Birds) Summary: The first meeting of the Sessional Committee of the Scientific Council identified the adoption of a new standard reference for avian taxonomy as an opportunity to disaggregate the higher-level taxa listed on Appendix II and to identify those that are considered to be migratory species and that have an unfavourable conservation status. The current paper presents an initial analysis of the higher-level disaggregation using the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World Volumes 1 and 2 taxonomy, and identifies the challenges in completing the analysis to identify all of the migratory species and the corresponding Range States. The document has been prepared by the COP Appointed Scientific Councilors for Birds. This is a supplementary paper to COP document UNEP/CMS/COP12/Doc.25.3 on Taxonomy and Nomenclature UNEP/CMS/ScC-Sc2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II 1. Through Resolution 11.19, the Conference of Parties adopted as the standard reference for bird taxonomy and nomenclature for Non-Passerine species the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World, Volume 1: Non-Passerines, by Josep del Hoyo and Nigel J. Collar (2014); 2. -
Passeriformes: Cisticolidae: Orthotomus) from the Mekong Floodplain of Cambodia
FORKTAIL 29 (2013): 1–14 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F1778491-B6EE-4225-95B2-2843B32CBA08 A new species of lowland tailorbird (Passeriformes: Cisticolidae: Orthotomus) from the Mekong floodplain of Cambodia S. P. MAHOOD, A. J. I. JOHN, J. C. EAMES, C. H. OLIVEROS, R. G. MOYLE, HONG CHAMNAN, C. M. POOLE, H. NIELSEN & F. H. SHELDON Based on distinctive morphological and vocal characters we describe a new species of lowland tailorbird Orthotomus from dense humid lowland scrub in the floodplain of the Mekong, Tonle Sap and Bassac rivers of Cambodia. Genetic data place it in the O. atrogularis–O. ruficeps–O. sepium clade. All data suggest that the new species is most closely related to O. atrogularis, from which genetic differences are apparently of a level usually associated with subspecies. However the two taxa behave as biological species, existing locally in sympatry and even exceptionally in syntopy, without apparent hybridisation. The species is known so far from a small area within which its habitat is declining in area and quality. However, although birds are found in a number of small habitat fragments (including within the city limits of Phnom Penh), most individuals probably occupy one large contiguous area of habitat in the Tonle Sap floodplain. We therefore recommend it is classified as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List. The new species is abundant in suitable habitat within its small range. Further work is required to understand more clearly the distribution and ecology of this species and in particular its evolutionary relationship with O. atrogularis. INTRODUCTION and its major tributaries (Duckworth et al. -
WHITE-BELLIED HERON REPORT Ardea Insignis Hume, 1878
REPORT WHITE-BELLIED HERON Ardea insignis Hume, 1878 ANNUAL POPULATION SURVEY 2021 Report prepared by Indra Acharja/RSPN [email protected] Summary Introduction The 19 th White-bellied Heron (WBH) annual population survey conducted from 27 February – 03 March 2021 The White-bellied Heron (Ardea insignis Hume 1878) is a large heron species of the family Ardeidae, order counted 22 herons in the country. The survey confirmed 19 adults and three sub-adult individuals, which is five less Pelecaniformes, found in freshwater ecosystems of the Himalayas. It is categorized as critically endangered under than the previous year. The decrease in population was mainly observed in upper Punatsangchhu basin; Phochu, the IUCN Red List of threatened species and protected under the Schedule I of Forests and Nature Conservation Mochhu, Adha and Harachhu which were oldest and previously the most abundantly used habitats in Bhutan. The Act 1995 of Bhutan. It was listed as threatened in 1988, uplisted to endangered in 1994, and to critically endangered survey covered all currently known and expected habitats along Punatsangchhu, Mangdechhu, Chamkharchhu, since 2007. The distribution of WBH to undisturbed freshwater river systems and its piscivorous feeding behaviour Drangmechhu, Kurichhu, Kholongchhu and major tributaries. For the survey, habitats across the country were can be easily associated with the health of the ecosystem and pristinely environment. They are the indicators of our divided into 53 priority zones and surveyors were deployed to look for the WBH from 7:00 AM to 5:00 PM for freshwater river systems. Their presence in our rivers indicates the health of the rivers, the fish population, water five consecutive days within their designated zone. -
Thailand Highlights 14Th to 26Th November 2019 (13 Days)
Thailand Highlights 14th to 26th November 2019 (13 days) Trip Report Siamese Fireback by Forrest Rowland Trip report compiled by Tour Leader: Forrest Rowland Trip Report – RBL Thailand - Highlights 2019 2 Tour Summary Thailand has been known as a top tourist destination for quite some time. Foreigners and Ex-pats flock there for the beautiful scenery, great infrastructure, and delicious cuisine among other cultural aspects. For birders, it has recently caught up to big names like Borneo and Malaysia, in terms of respect for the avian delights it holds for visitors. Our twelve-day Highlights Tour to Thailand set out to sample a bit of the best of every major habitat type in the country, with a slight focus on the lush montane forests that hold most of the country’s specialty bird species. The tour began in Bangkok, a bustling metropolis of winding narrow roads, flyovers, towering apartment buildings, and seemingly endless people. Despite the density and throng of humanity, many of the participants on the tour were able to enjoy a Crested Goshawk flight by Forrest Rowland lovely day’s visit to the Grand Palace and historic center of Bangkok, including a fun boat ride passing by several temples. A few early arrivals also had time to bird some of the urban park settings, even picking up a species or two we did not see on the Main Tour. For most, the tour began in earnest on November 15th, with our day tour of the salt pans, mudflats, wetlands, and mangroves of the famed Pak Thale Shore bird Project, and Laem Phak Bia mangroves. -
Assessing Avian Richness and Diversity in Different Regions of Oil
International Letters of Natural Sciences Online: 2015-07-07 ISSN: 2300-9675, Vol. 42, pp 28-37 doi:10.18052/www.scipress.com/ILNS.42.28 2015 SciPress Ltd, Switzerland Assessing Avian Richness and Diversity in Different Regions of Oil Palm Plantation in Selangor, Malaysia Aainaa Amir1,2,a*, Hafidzi Mohd Noor1,b, Kamarul Hambali2,c 1 Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 2 Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia. E-mail address: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Keywords: Birds, Diversity, Species Richness, Oil Palm Plantation ABSTRACT.Malaysia is characterized by a variety of habitats such as forests, clearings, thickets, and cropland that attract various species of birds. This study examined the bird community in terms of richness and diversity at oil palm plantations habitat. The abundance of birds was determined by using distance sampling point count method. A total of 2722 birds belonging to 38 families representing 86 species of birds were detected. Diversity analysis indicates that the species of birds in the oil palm plantation at Sungai Pelek is more diverse (Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index H; 3.52) and richness (Margalef’s Richness Index R1; 10.2) than oil palm plantation in Teluk Panglima Garang-Pulau Carey and Banting-Jenjarum. However, the species of birds in the oil palm plantations at Teluk Panglima Garang-Pulau Carey and Banting-Jenjarum show higher evenness (Pielou’s Evenness Index E; 0.82) compared with oil palm plantations in Sungai Pelek. The results of this study indicate that the species composition and distribution of the avian species in the oil palm plantations are affected by habitat characterization of that particular area and its vicinity. -
Magnificent Magpie Colours by Feathers with Layers of Hollow Melanosomes Doekele G
© 2018. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd | Journal of Experimental Biology (2018) 221, jeb174656. doi:10.1242/jeb.174656 RESEARCH ARTICLE Magnificent magpie colours by feathers with layers of hollow melanosomes Doekele G. Stavenga1,*, Hein L. Leertouwer1 and Bodo D. Wilts2 ABSTRACT absorption coefficient throughout the visible wavelength range, The blue secondary and purple-to-green tail feathers of magpies are resulting in a higher refractive index (RI) than that of the structurally coloured owing to stacks of hollow, air-containing surrounding keratin. By arranging melanosomes in the feather melanosomes embedded in the keratin matrix of the barbules. barbules in more or less regular patterns with nanosized dimensions, We investigated the spectral and spatial reflection characteristics of vivid iridescent colours are created due to constructive interference the feathers by applying (micro)spectrophotometry and imaging in a restricted wavelength range (Durrer, 1977; Prum, 2006). scatterometry. To interpret the spectral data, we performed optical The melanosomes come in many different shapes and forms, and modelling, applying the finite-difference time domain (FDTD) method their spatial arrangement is similarly diverse (Prum, 2006). This has as well as an effective media approach, treating the melanosome been shown in impressive detail by Durrer (1977), who performed stacks as multi-layers with effective refractive indices dependent on extensive transmission electron microscopy of the feather barbules the component media. The differently coloured magpie feathers are of numerous bird species. He interpreted the observed structural realised by adjusting the melanosome size, with the diameter of the colours to be created by regularly ordered melanosome stacks acting melanosomes as well as their hollowness being the most sensitive as optical multi-layers. -
BIRD POPULATION in TWO-YEAR OLD Acacia Mangium PLANTATION, SABAH FOREST INDUSTRIES SDN BHD
BORNEO SCIENCE 38 (1): MARCH 2017 BIRD POPULATION IN TWO-YEAR OLD Acacia mangium PLANTATION, SABAH FOREST INDUSTRIES SDN BHD Kee Sze Lue, Jephte Sompud*, Lee Woon Jah, Cynthia Boon Sompud, Emily Gilbert Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Large areas of tropical forest worldwide have been converted rapidly into forest plantation. Plantation can play an important role in restoring productivity, ecosystem stability, and biological diversity to degraded tropical lands. However, the conversion of forest areas to plantation rapidly resulting birds to lose their natural habitat. Therefore, Acacia mangium plantations have the potential as the refuges for birds. As such, this study was conducted to investigate the bird population in a 2-year Acacia mangium plantation, Sabah Forest Industries (SFI), Sabah to determine the bird population density and diversity of 2-year mangium plantation in SFI. There is no published information of the detailed status of birds in SFI yet. Bird survey was done by using point count method. The bird population density was analyzed by using distance 6.2 and bird diversity was calculated by using Shannon-Wiener diversity index. A total of 343 birds belong to 53 species from 21 families were detected. The bird population in this 2-year mangium plantation was 17.71 individuals per hectare, and Shannon-Wiener diversity index for bird diversity was 3.24. This study shows that the bird population density and diversity in SFI were higher as compared to other past studies in Borneo plantation areas. -
Preliminary Report on Wildlife Inventories and Assessment in SFM Project Areas
Preliminary Report on Wildlife Inventories and Assessment in SFM Project Areas Timimbang – Botitian Forest Reserve Prepared by: Rayner Bili Sabah Forestry Department. Survey Period 7th May – 16th May 2014 Date of Report: 18th June 2014 Table of Contents Acknowledgment Abstract List of abbreviations 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Study Area 1.2 Objectives 2.0 METHODOLOGY 2.1 Recce Walked 2.2 Night Spotting 2.3 Morning Drive 2.4 Camera Trapping 2.5 Interviews 2.6 Opportunistic Sighting 3.0 RESULTS 3.1 Mammals 3.2 Birds 4.0 DISCUSSION 5.0 RECOMMENDATION References Annex I : List of participant and time table Annex II : Datasheet of night spotting Annex III : Datasheet of morning drive Annex IV : Datasheet recce walks Annex V : Opportunistic wildlife sighting sheet Annex VI : Camera trapping datasheet Annex VII : Description of IUCN red list Annex VIII : Photos Acknowledgement By this opportunity, I would like to deeply indebted to Beluran District Forest Officer (DFO) and Assistant District Forest Officers (ADFOs), Forest Rangers, Forester and all forest staff’s of SFM Timimbang-Botitian (Ali Shah Bidin, Mensih Saidin, Jamation Jamion, Jumiting Sauyang and Rozaimee Ahmad) for their help and support during the rapid wildlife survey and assessment in SFM Timimbang-Botitian project area. My sincere thank goes to Mr. Awang Azrul (ADFO) for organizing our accommodation and providing permission to carry out the wildlife survey and for his continuous support for the smooth execution of the programs due the survey requires night movement inside the SFM Timimbang-Botitian forest reserves. Deepest thanks to Mr. Zainal Kula, Mr. Sarinus Aniong and Mr. -
Thailand Custom Tour 29 January -13 February, 2017
Tropical Birding Trip Report THAILAND JANUARY-FEBRUARY, 2017 Thailand custom tour 29 January -13 February, 2017 TOUR LEADER: Charley Hesse Report by Charley Hesse. Photos by Charley Hesse & Laurie Ross. All photos were taken on this tour When it comes to vacation destinations, Thailand has it all: great lodgings, delicious food, scenery, good roads, safety, value for money and friendly people. In addition to both its quantity & quality of birds, it is also one of the most rapidly evolving destinations for bird photography. There are of course perennial favourite locations that always produce quality birds, but year on year, Thailand comes up with more and more fantastic sites for bird photography. On this custom tour, we followed the tried and tested set departure itinerary and found an impressive 420 species of birds and 16 species of mammals. Some of the highlights included: Spoon-billed Sandpiper and Nordmann’s Greenshank around Pak Thale; Wreathed Hornbill, Long-tailed & Banded Broadbills inside Kaeng Krachan National Park; Rosy, Daurian & Spot-winged Starlings at a roost site just outside; Kalij Pheasant, Scaly-breasted & Bar-backed Partridges at a private photography blind nearby; Siamese Fireback and Great Hornbill plus Asian Elephant & Malayan Porcupine at Khao Yai National Park; countless water birds at Bueng Boraphet; a myriad of montane birds at Doi Inthanon; Giant Nuthatch at Doi Chiang Dao; Scarlet-faced Liocichla at Doi Ang Khang; Hume’s Pheasant & Spot-breasted Parrotbill at Doi Lang; Yellow-breasted Buntings at Baan Thaton; and Baikal Bush-Warbler & Ferruginous Duck at Chiang Saen. It was a truly unforgettable trip. www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] Tropical Birding Trip Report THAILAND JANUARY-FEBRUARY, 2017 29th January – Bangkok to Laem Pak Bia After a morning arrival in Bangkok, we left the sprawling metropolis on the overhead highways, and soon had our first birding stop at the Khok Kham area of Samut Sakhon, the neighbouring city to Bangkok. -
NOTES and NEW DISTRIBUTIONAL INFORMATION on BIRDS in WESTERN PENINSULAR THAILAND Philip D
NAT. HIST. BULL. SIAM SOC. 30 (1); 15-24, 1982. NOTES AND NEW DISTRIBUTIONAL INFORMATION ON BIRDS IN WESTERN PENINSULAR THAILAND Philip D. Round,* Robert J. Do bias,* Kamo/ Komolpha/in* and Surapon Duangkhae** ABSTRACT During visits made to five provinces in peninsular Thailand, 13-31 January 1979 and 8-20 August 1.981, a total of 100 new provincial bird distribution records was gained. This included some significant northward extensions to the known ranges of resident Malaysian lowland forest species. Some identification features of less well known species are described. INTRODUCTION Most present distributional knowledge of the birds of the Malay Peninsula (which includes Thailand north to the Isthmus of Kra, approx. 10' N) is summarised in MEDWAY & WELLS (1976). Important recent contributions may also be found in DICKlNSON (1966), HOLMES & WELLS (1975), BOSWALL (1978) and SUMMERS-SMITH (1981). The Malaysian lowland forest bird fauna becomes increasingly attenuated with northward progression along the peninsula. However, as many of the Thai provinces, in particular those closer to Kra, have received only sparse coverage, the true northern distributional limits of many species which are common further south have yet to be determined. This paper mainly reports observations made in wildlife sanctuaries of the Royal Forest Department which are situated in perhaps the largest remaining area of lowland, semi-evergreen forest in Thailand. This extends throughout the adjacent hilly parts of the provinces of Ranong, Surat Thani and Phang-nga and was estimated by BnocKELMAN (1975) from satellite photographs as covering perhaps 5000 sq. km. Additional observations were also made in Phuket, Krabi and Trang Provinces.