Report on the Communist "Peace" Offensive; a Campaign to Disarm
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^ 0\/.'/[ lg^-/&i nA-9 0\?)'b^,vV'^\a \ ^^,x m *- ,^^ Given By ANQNYMniKS \ s-v^ REPORT ON THE COMMUNIST 'PEACE OFFENSIVE A Campaign To Disarm and Defeat the United States APRIL 1, 1951 / ()•' Prepared and released by the Committee on Un-American Activities, U. S. House of Representatives Washington, D. C ^OSTO}^ 7 "^^dh Committee on Un-American Activities, United States House of Representatives eighty-second congress, first session John S. Wood, Georgia, Chairman Francis E. Walter, Pennsylvania Morgan M. Moulder, Missouri Clyde Doyle, California James B. Frazier, Jr., Tennessee Harold H. Velde, Illinois Bernard W. Kearney, New York Donald L. Jackson, California Charles E. Potter, Michigan Frank S. Tavenner, Jr., Counsel Louis J. Russell, Senior Investigator John W. Carrington, Clerk of Committee TABLE OF CONTENTS Communist "Peace" Offensive International Communist "Peace" Movement: Paee Controlling Strategy 1 Cominform Sets the Stage 4 World Congress of Intellectuals 8 Scientific and Cultural Conference for World Peace, March 25-27, 1949 11 World Congress of Partisans of Peace (First World Peace Congress) April 1949 16 Americans Sponsoring Committee for World Peace Congress 17 American Continental Congress for Peace, September 5-10, 1949 21 Red "Peace" Delegations 24 Stockholm Conference, March 16-19, 1950 29 Speakers at Stockholm 29 Americans at Stockholm 31 Signature Campaign 31 Second World Peace Congress, November 1950 36 The Communists' "Peace" Campaign Within the United States 39 Petition Campaign in U. S. A 40 Peace Information Center 42 William Edward Burghardt DuBois 43 Abbott Simon 46 American Comments on Signature Campaign 1 47 Use of Front Organizations 51 American Peace Crusade 51 Maryland Committee for Peace 54 Committee for Peaceful Alternatives to the Atlantic Pact 54 Mid-Century Conference for Peace 58 Exploitation of Religion in the "Peace" Campaign 61 National Labor Conference for Peace 64 Marcel Scherer 69 "Peace" Riot 70 The "Peace" Campaign Directed at Women's Groups 71 The "Peace" Campaign Strategy for Youth and Students 77 Association of Internes and Medical Students 79 Prague Congress 79 Labor Youth League 80 Leon Wofsy 81 Subversion of Scientists Through the "Peace" Movement 82 Linus Carl Pauling 85 Philip D. Morrison 87 Johannes Steel 90 Role of the Moscow Radio in the "Peace" Campaign 95 Appendixes: I. Articles Dealing with the World Peace Congress Appearing in "For a Lasting Peace, for a People's Democracy" 99 II. Scientific and Cultural Conference for World Peace, held in New York City, March 25, 26, and 27, 1949, Communist AflSliations of Sponsors 104 III. Americans Sponsoring the World Peace Congress held in Paris, April 1949 110 IV. Members of the Permanent Committee of the World Peace Congress- 112 V. Call to the American Continental Congress for Peace, Mexico City, September 5-10, 1949 116 HI IV TABLE OF CONTENTS Appendixes—Continued Page VI. American Sponsoring Committee for Representation at the Second World Peace Congress 118 VII. "World Peace Appeal" adopted by the Permanent International Committee, World Peace Congress, United States Youth Spon- soring Committee 119 VIII. Plan of Work of National Committee, Communist Party, U. S. A., July 15 to Labor Day, 1950 120 IX. List of Sponsors, by States, of Stockholm Appeal 124 X. American Peace Crusade, various documents, etc 135 XI. List of Sponsors of Maryland Committee for Peace 142 XII. Call to Mid-Century Conference for Peace, May 29, 30, 1950, Ini- tiating Sponsors 143 XIII. Labor Wants Peace Talks not a Pact for War—a Statement on the North Atlantic Pact together with signers. __ 152 XIV. Call to a National Labor Conference for Peace, Chicago, 111., October 1 and 2, 1949—Arrangements Committee and Sponsors 157 XV. Conference for Peace Called by Ohio Unionists 163 XVI. World Peace Council— Members elected at Second World Peace Congress 164 ILLUSTRATIONS Page Figure 1: American delegates, arm in arm with Alexander Fadeev, Soviet whip of the World Peace Congress. Left to right: Unidentified woman, Rockwell Kent, Albert Kahn, Mr. Fadeev, and Johannes Steel. (In De- fense of Peace, April 1950, p. 51) 29 Figure 2: Cartoon urging sit-down strikes against munition shipments for troops fighting the Communists. In (Defense of Peace, official organ, World Peace Congress, January 1950, p. 43) 30 Figure 3: World Peace Appeal, petition blank, issued by the Campaign Committee for the World Peace Appeal 33 Figure 4: This photograph shows the thumbprint signatures of citizens of French Equatorial Africa who endorsed the World Peace Appeal. These fingerprint signatures are those of men and women who never had the chance to learn to write. Thus, they could not be expected to read the petition ( Dailv Worker, August 24, 1 950, p. 4) 35 Figure 5: The Worker, June 11, 1950, p. 1 Facing 40 Figure 6: Mid-Century Conference for Peace, 30 North Dearborn Street, Chicago 2, 111., Conference Program 144 V President Truman, in a radio address to the Nation on September 1, 1950: The Soviet Union has repeatedly violated its pledges of international coopera- tion. It has destroyed the independence of its neighbors. It has sought to disrupt those countries it could not dominate. It has built up tremendous armed forces far beyond the needs of its own defense. Communist imperialism preaches peace but practices aggression. John Foster Dulles, Republican adviser to the State Department, in testimony before a Senate Foreign Relations subcommittee, July 5, 1950: * * * it is my opinion that the leaders of communism are, before ventur- ing an open war, trying to create a public opinion of the world to believe that they are the nations that stand for peace and that we are the Nation that stands for war, and they have made very good progress in doing that * * * They know that everybody wants peace, and if they can pose as the lovers of peace, then, perhaps they can risk war. Note.—The names of persons mentioned in this report as being connected with the organizations which are herein discussed were talien from actual docu- ments of these organizations and the public press. It has come to the attention of the committee that some of the persons who are so described in either the text or the appendix withdrew their support and/or affiliation with these organizations when the Communist character of these organizations was discovered. There may also be persons whose names were used as sponsors or affiliates of these organizations without permission or knowl- edge of the individuals involved. The committee, having no desire to charge any innocent person with having Communist affiliations, will therefore publish the names of any individual who has so withdrawn from these organizations or whose name was used by these organizations without permission or knowledge in a future report if such person will communicate with the committee, giving the circumstances in his particular case. COMMUNIST "PEACE" OFFENSIVE The most dangerous hoax ever devised b}^ the international Com- munist consphacy is the current world-wide "peace" offensive. It has received the official endorsement of the Supreme Soviet of the U. S. S. R. The Information Bureau of the Communist and Workers Parties (Cominform), successor to the Communist Interna- tional, has given this campaign top priority. It has been designated as the major effort of every Communist Party on the face of the globe, including the Communist Party of the United States. Communists and their coconspirators are spearheading this move- ment in cities and communities throughout the United States—at meetings, on street corners, in shops, homes, schools and colleges, in the press and on the radio—in fact, in every walk of life. Unless it is completely exposed, many may be deceived and ensnared. The Communist "peace" movement assumes different forms at various times and places. This is calculated to disguise its Communist origin and to evade legal prosecution. Thus, we find the movement appearing as the World Congress of Intellectuals, the International Committee of Intellectuals in Defense of Peace, the World Peace Congress or the World Congress of Partisans of Peace, and American Continental Congress for Peace, all with identical slogans and propaganda, and espoused by the same group with slight variations. The same system has characterized the movement within the United States. Here the "peace" movement has paraded at various times as the Scientific and Cultural Conference for World Peace, Campaign Committee for the World Peace Appeal, Committee for Peaceful Alternatives to the Atlantic Pact, and its Mid-Century Conference for Peace, the Peace Information Center, the National Labor Conference for Peace, and a multitude of other names in various localities and among various special pi-ofessional, religious, racial, women's and youth groups. THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNIST "PEACE" MOVEMENT Controlling Strategy What do the master conspirators in the Kremlin hope to achieve as a result of the "peace" offensive to which they are applying so much of their resources and energies on an international scale? As World War II was drawing to a close, the democratic nations hoped that the Soviet Union would become part of a law-abiding world, from which wars would be forever banished. But Joseph Stalin had other views. His doctrine was that it was "inconceivable" that the Soviet Union could continue for a long period side by side with non- Communist states. He was convinced that: "Ultimately one or the other must conquer." By and large, the American people are always willing to live and let live. They have long felt that, if the Russians were willing to tolerate 2 THE COMMUlNnST "PEACE" OFFENSIVE, Communist dictatorship as a form of government, we should adopt a hands-off poUcy and let the Russian people work out their own destiny. No such attitude of tolerance toward the United States and its form of government characterizes the Russian rulers.