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La Captura De La Luz En Movimiento Como Medio Escultórico

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La Captura De La Luz En Movimiento Como Medio Escultórico UNIVERSIDAD DE MÁLAGA FACULTAD DE BELLAS ARTES DEPARTAMENTO DE ARTE Y ARQUITECTURA La captura de la luz en movimiento como medio escultórico Light in motion capture like a sculptural medium Jesús Marín Clavijo T E S I S D O C T O R A L Director: Salvador Haro González Málaga, septiembre de 2015 AUTOR: Jesús Marín Clavijo http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8283-3951 EDITA: Publicaciones y Divulgación Científica. Universidad de Málaga Esta obra está sujeta a una licencia Creative Commons: Reconocimiento - No comercial - SinObraDerivada (cc-by-nc-nd): Http://creativecommons.org/licences/by-nc-nd/3.0/es Cualquier parte de esta obra se puede reproducir sin autorización pero con el reconocimiento y atribución de los autores. No se puede hacer uso comercial de la obra y no se puede alterar, transformar o hacer obras derivadas. Esta Tesis Doctoral está depositada en el Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga (RIUMA): riuma.uma.es A Sonia, a Helena y a mis padres por todo el apoyo recibido a pesar de mis ausencias. 1 La captura de la luz en movimiento como medio escultórico Índice RESUMEN...............................................................................................................11 INTRODUCCIÓN......................................................................................................13 Introducción................................................................................................................................15 Motivación y experiencia previa. La aparición de la idea del problema a resolver.........17 Determinación del objeto de estudio..............................................................................19 Marco de estudio y puntos de vista.................................................................................19 Estado de la cuestión.......................................................................................................21 Los objetivos que se pretenden conseguir......................................................................23 Metodología y plan de trabajo........................................................................................24 Estructura de la tesis........................................................................................................26 CAPÍTULO 1. RECOPILACIÓN HISTÓRICA RAZONADA DE LA CAPTURA DE LA LUZ EN MOVIMIENTO....................................................................................................29 1.1. Historia de la captura del movimiento.................................................................................31 1.2. La captura del movimiento en los inicios de la fotografía...................................................36 1.2.1. La evolución de la cámara fotográfica desde la Cámara oscura..................................38 1.2.2. La captura del movimiento a partir de la evolución de los soportes fotosensibles....41 Los heliogramas...............................................................................................................41 El daguerrotipo................................................................................................................43 El calotipo........................................................................................................................48 El colodión húmedo.........................................................................................................50 La gelatina seca................................................................................................................52 1.3. La captura del movimiento a partir de la cronofotografía...................................................57 1.3.1. La cronofotografía.......................................................................................................58 Marey...............................................................................................................................62 Muybridge........................................................................................................................68 Eakins...............................................................................................................................75 Anschütz..........................................................................................................................81 Worthington.....................................................................................................................83 Londe...............................................................................................................................85 Banfield............................................................................................................................88 1.4. La captura del movimiento a partir del cinematógrafo.......................................................92 Gilbreth............................................................................................................................93 La ciclografía y la cronociclografía.............................................................................96 Bragaglia..........................................................................................................................98 Futurismo y fotodinamismo.....................................................................................101 La obra fotodinámica de Bragaglia...........................................................................113 Masoero.........................................................................................................................117 Albergamo......................................................................................................................119 Man Ray.........................................................................................................................119 Los rayogramas........................................................................................................123 Los objetos matemáticos.........................................................................................126 La escritura espacial.................................................................................................128 Hajek-Halke....................................................................................................................137 Lichtgrafiks: Dibujos de luz......................................................................................142 Collein............................................................................................................................151 Duchamp........................................................................................................................153 Nu descendant un escalier nº 2................................................................................159 La Escritura espacial.................................................................................................162 Moholy-Nagy..................................................................................................................167 Los fotogramas.........................................................................................................173 Las fotografías de captura de la luz en movimiento................................................179 Veronesi.........................................................................................................................185 Matter............................................................................................................................187 1.5. La captura del movimiento desde la luz estroboscópica...................................................191 Edgerton........................................................................................................................193 Lerner.............................................................................................................................194 Morgan...........................................................................................................................197 Light drawings..........................................................................................................201 Callahan.........................................................................................................................203 Delano............................................................................................................................205 Brodovitch......................................................................................................................209 Himmel..........................................................................................................................212 Kepes..............................................................................................................................217 Mili.................................................................................................................................219 Picasso...........................................................................................................................223 El periodo creativo de Picasso de postguerra..........................................................224 Picasso y la fotografía...............................................................................................226 Las fotografías de dibujos espaciales de luz de Picasso, el artículo de la revista LIFE......................................................................................228 El proceso de la fotografía.
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