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Nouveaux Taxa D'ammonites Du Crétacé Inférieur Du Sud-Est De La

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Nouveaux Taxa D'ammonites Du Crétacé Inférieur Du Sud-Est De La Nouveaux taxa d’ammonites du Crétacé inférieur du Sud-Est de la France Jean Joseph VERMEULEN (1), Alain BORRO (2), Pierre LAZARIN (3), Patrick LÉPINAY (4), Lucien LEROY (5) et Emile MASCARELLI (6) (1) Grand rue 04330 Barrême, France. [email protected] (2) 35 impasse des petits géraniums, 83700 Saint-Raphaël, France. (3) 04170 Moriez, France. (4) Avenue de Maurin, Les Pins B 12, 34070 Montpellier, France. (5) Taloire, 04120 Castellane, France. (6) 9 rue Jeanne Jugan, 06130 Grasse, France. Résumé : une nouvelle espèce du Barrémien inférieur, Paracrioceras giraudae sp. nov., est classée dans genre Paracrioceras Spath, 1924, dont la compréhension a été récemment révisée. La position stratigraphique de Paracrioceras giraudae sp. nov. n’a pas été précisée lors de sa mise en collection. Cette espèce est, comme les autres espèces du genre Paracrioceras Spath, 1924, située dans le Barrémien inférieur, dans la Zone à Kotetishvilia nicklesi. C’est à partir du genre Criosarasinella Thieuloy, 1977 du Valanginien supérieur, qu’apparaissent les Crioceratitidae Gill, 1871 et en particulier le genre Crioceratites Leveille, 1837 dont les espèces les plus anciennes apparaissent dans l’Hauterivien inférieur. Sur le plan stratigraphique, entre les différentes espèces de ces deux genres apparaissent des espèces intermédiaires dont l’association des caractères morpho- logiques des spécimens ne permettent pas de les classer totalement ni dans le genre Criosarasinella Thieuloy, 1977 ni dans le genre Crioceratites Leveille, 1837. Nous créons donc pour ces espèces le genre Procrioceratites gen. nov. et désignons Pro- crioceratites etiennei sp. nov. comme l’espèce-type de notre nouveau genre. Mots clés : Crétacé inférieur, Ammonitida, Ancyloceratina, Paracrioceras, Ammo- nitina, Procrioceratites. Abstract : a Lower Barremian new species, Paracrioceras giraudae sp. nov., is clas- sified in genus Paracrioceras Spath, 1924, whose understanding has recently been revised. The stratigraphical position of Paracrioceras giraudae sp. nov. was not spe- cified when it was put into collection. This species is, like the others species of ge- nus Paracrioceras Spath, 1924, located in the Lower Barremian, in the Kotetishvilia nicklesi Zone. In the new understanding of family Crioceratitidae Gill, 1871, the genus Crioce- ratites Leveille, 1837, of which the oldest species appear in the Early Hauterivian, derives from the late Valanginian genus Criosarasinella Thieuloy, 1977. Stratigra- phically, between the different species of these two genera, intermediate species appear whose association of morphological characters of the specimens does not allow them to be classified entirely in genusCriosarasinella Thieuloy, 1977 or in ge- nus Crioceratites Leveille, 1837. We therefore create for its species the genus Procrio- ceratites gen. nov. and designate Procrioceratites etiennei sp. nov. as its type species. Key words: Lower Cretaceous, Ammonitida, Ancyloceratina, Paracrioceras, Ammo- nitina, Procrioceratites. Riviera Scientifique, 104, 129-146, 2020 (9 octobre 2020) 129 Introduction Nos recherches sur les ammonites hétéromorphes du Crétacé inférieur nous ont amenés récemment, en 2019, à préciser la compréhension du genre Pa- racrioceras Spath, 1924. Ces nouvelles précisions permettent de classer le genre Paracrioceras Spath, 1924 dans la famille des Emericiceratidae Ver- meulen, 2004, Sous-famille des Emericiceratinae Vermeulen, 2004 et de mettre les Paracrioceratidae Bert & Bersac, 2014 en synonymie mineure des Emericiceratidae Vermeulen, 2004. C’est dans le genre Paracrioceras Spath, 1924 maintenant bien compris que nous classons l’espèce Paracrioceras giraudae sp. nov.. A partir des travaux de Thieuloy et de Reboulet, les avancées des connais- sances sur la famille des Crioceratitidae Gill, 1871 ont permis de confirmer une origine de cette famille à partir des Néocomitidae Salfeld, 1921 et plus précisément à partir du genre Criosarasinella Thieuloy, 1977. Une phase radiative à partir du genre de Thieuloy, entraine des apparitions d’espèces dont les ornements ne permettent pas de les classer avec certitude dans l’un ou l’autre des ces genres. La voie évolutive vers le genre Crioceratites Léveil- lé, 1837 nous amène à créer le nouveau genre Procrioceratites gen. nov. dont les espèces se répartissent du Valanginien supérieur, Zone à Criosarasinella furcillata, à l’Hauterivien inférieur, Zone à Crioceratites loryi. Procriocera- tites etiennei sp. nov. est l’espèce-type du genre Procrioceratites gen. nov.. Etude systématique Ordre Ammonitida ZITTEL, 1884 Sous-Ordre Ancyloceratina WIEDMANN, 1966 emend. VERMEULEN, 2005 Ce sous-ordre a été émendé (Vermeulen, 2005, p. 147) par la création du sous-ordre des Protancyloceratina Vermeulen, 2005, par le transfert (Ver- meulen et al., 2020, à l’impression) des familles des Crioceratitidae Gill, 1871 et des Acrioceratidae Vermeulen, 2004 dans la super-famille des Neo- comitoidea Salfeld, 1921 nom. transl. Vermeulen & Bulot, 2007 et par la réhabilitation (Vermeulen, 2006) du sous-ordre des Turrilitina Beznozov & Michailova, 1983, non utilisé par Wright et al. (1996). Les super-familles classées (Vermeulen, 2006) dans les Ancyloceratina Wiedmann, 1966 emend. Vermeulen, 2005 sont les Ancyloceratoidea Gill, 1871 nom. transl. Wright, 1957, les Deshayesitoidea Stoyanow, 1949 nom. transl. Wiedmann, 1966 et les Douvilleiceratoidea Parona & Bonarelli, 1897. 130 Super-famille Ancyloceratoidea GILL, 1871 Famille-type : Ancyloceratidae Gill, 1871. Origine : L’origine des Ancyloceratoidea Gill, 1871se situe dans le Valangi- nien supérieur par la découverte de Reboulet (1996) d’une espèce primitive du genre Davouxiceras Vermeulen, 2004 dont l’origine est à rechercher soit vers le genre Varlheidites Rawson & Kemper, 1978, soit vers les genre Himan- toceras Thieuloy, 1964. Famille des Emericiceratidae VERMEULEN, 2004 La famille des Emericiceratidae Vermeulen, 2004 est constituée des sous- familles des Emericiceratinae Vermeulen, 2004 (C.I.N.Z., article n° 37.1.) et des Paraspiticeratinae Vermeulen, 2008. Elle est classée dans la super famille des Ancyloceratoidea Gill, 1871 L’extension stratigraphique de la famille des Emericiceratidae Vermeulen, 2004 débute avec l’apparition du genre Davouxiceras Vermeulen, 2004 dans le Valanginien terminal (Reboulet, 1996, pl. 23, fig. 1) dans la Zone àCriosa - rasinella furcillata, ce qui implique une origine différente de celle des Crio- ceratitidae Gill, 1871. Elle se termine dans le Barrémien inférieur, dans la partie inférieure de la Zone à Kotetishvilia compressissima. Les genres classés dans la famille des Emericiceratidae VERMEULEN, 2004 : dans la famille des Emericiceratidae Vermeulen, 2004, sous-famille des Emericiceratinae Vermeulen, 2004 (C.I.N.Z. article 36.1.), sont classés les genres Emericiceras Sarkar, 1954, genre-type, Paracrioceras Spath, 1924, Davouxiceras Vermeulen, 2004, Arnaudiceras Vermeulen Duyé, Lazarin, Leroy & Mascarelli, 2009 et Blascoceras Vermeulen, Lazarin, Lépinay, Leroy & Mascarelli, 2018. Dans la sous-famille des Paraspiticeratinae Vermeulen, 2008, sont classés les genres (Vermeulen et al., 2012) Paraspiticeras Kilian, 1910, Lepinayceras Vermeulen, Lazarin, Leroy & Mascarelli, 2012 et Borroceras Vermeulen, Lazarin, Leroy & Mascarelli, 2012. Nos recherches confirment queEmericiceras honnorati (Orbigny, 1842) est une espèce très proche de Emericiceras thiollierei (Astier, 1851) puisqu’elle en est l’espèce mère. Cette parenté directe entraine une synonymie majeure du genre Emericiceras Sarkar, 1954 sur le genre Honnoratia Busnardo, 2003. Sous-famille des Emericiceratinae VERMEULEN, 2004 Genre Paracrioceras SPATH, 1924 Espèce-type : Spath (1924, p. 77) a désigné Paracrioceras occultum Seeley, 1865 comme espèce-type du genre Paracrioceras Spath, 1924. Holotype par monotypie n° B 11129, décrit et figuré par Seeley (1865, p. 246, pl. X, fig. 1a) et conservé dans la collection Cookson au Sedgwick Museum à Cambridge, Angleterre (Rawson, 1975, p. 275). 131 Dénomination : espèce qualifiée de secrète, peut-être par l’attribution origi- nale par Seeley de sa position stratigraphique douteuse dans le Pléistocène (Rawson, 1975). Précisions taxinomiques : comme l’avait affirmé Spath (1924, p. 84), l’es- pèce-type du genre Paracrioceras Spath, 1924, Paracrioceras occultum See- ley, 1865, est proche de certaines espèces classées jusqu’à présent dans le genre Emericiceras Sarkar, 1954 tel qu’il est conçu habituellement. Spath (1924, p. 84) a proposé une synonymie majeure du genre Paracrioceras Spath, 1924 sur le groupe de Emericiceras emerici, donc sur le genre Emeri- ciceras Sarkar, 1954 qui n’existait pas alors. Rawson (1975, p. 279) a suivi la proposition de Spath en classant le genre Emericiceras Sarkar, 1954 comme synonyme mineur du genre Paracrioceras Spath, 1924. Nous ne suivons que partiellement ces propositions taxinomiques car il est évident que certaines espèces de la famille des Emericiceratidae Vermeulen, 2004, par leurs carac- tères ornementaux et leurs répartitions stratigraphiques dans le Barrémien inférieur, doivent être classées dans le genre Paracrioceras Spath, 1924. Ces espèces sont celles du groupe de Paracrioceras koechlini (Astier, 1851) qui, comme Paracrioceras occultum Seeley, 1865 possèdent deux stades onto- génétiques majeurs dont le premier se caractérise par une spire déroulée à costulation principale trituberculée et le second a, parmi ses caractères principaux, une costulation constituée essentiellement de côtes bifurquées à partir de tubercules péri-ombilicaux,
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