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SSP Bulletin 2000 Vol. 10 No. 2 Bulletin of the SCANDINAVIAN SOCIETY FOR PARASITOLOGY • , · . ,.._ WITH PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON ECOLOGICAL , . ;'PARASITOLOGY ON THE TURN OF MILLENIUM, ST. PETERSBURG, • 'i: RUSSIA, 1-7 JULY, 2000 ({ • . o<> ��V vol. 10 No. 2 2ooo ;:;:y BULLETIN OF THE SCANDINA VIAN SOCIETY FOR P ARASITOLGY The Bulletin is a membership journal of the Scandinavian Society for Parasitology. Besides membership information, it also presents articles on all aspects of parasitology, with priority given to contributors fi-om the Nordic countries and other members of the Society. It will include review articles, short articles/communications. Comments on any topic within the field of parasitology may be presented as Letters to the Editor. The Bulletin is also open for a short presentation of new projects. All contributions should be written in English. Review articles are commissioned by the editor, however, suggestions for reviews are welcomed. Subscriptions are available to non-members upon request from the Publisher. The subscription rate is 40 EURO per year (two issues annually). Subscriptions should be paid to the treasurer of the SSP: Tor Atle Mo National Veterinary Institute P.O. Box 8156 Dep. N-0033 Oslo, NORWAY, e-mail: [email protected] Postal giro account number: 0814 3937489 Scandinavian Society for Parasitology (Nonlisk Ftircning fOrParasitologi) Society Board: President: E. Tellervo Valtonen (Finland) Vice-President: Karl Skirnisson (Iceland) General-Secretary: Maria Vang Johanscn (Denmark) Treasurer: Tor Atle Mo (Norway) Board Member: Ingela Krantz (Sweden) Suppleants: Eskild Petersen (Denmark), Mats Wahlgrcn (Sweden) Cover: In Norse mythology, the giant ash tree- Yggdrasill- spreads its limbs over the entire mankind. The ash has three roots, each of them sucking water from its own spring. The first spring- Hvergelmir - is found in the ice cold North; next to the spring, the serpent Niohoggr is ceaselessly gnawing at the roots of the ash. The second spring - Mimisbrunnr­ is the source of wisdom and is guarded by Mimir. The third spring- Uroarbrunnr -.is guarded by three women, the Noms, which mete out man's thread oflifc. Printed in Norway by HS-Trykk NS JSSN 0803-4907 n 8 O>ln1 Vl/\J vv t1 PROCEEDINGS Ol/\J3 of the symposium on ECOLOGICAL PARASITOLOGY ON THE TURN OF MILLENNIUM aiTanged on behalf of the Russian Parasitological Society and the Scandinavian Society for Parasitology m St. Petersburg, Russia 1-7 July, 2000 Editors: Kirill V. Galaktionov, Oleg Pugachev, Ken MacKenzie and Karl Skirnisson Symposium secretariat: K. Galaktionov, 0. Pugachev and I. Podvyaznaya, Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab., 1, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia. Fax:+ 812 3282941, e-mail: [email protected] ii PREFACE In 1994 the Scandinavian Society for Parasitology (SSP) arranged for the first time a special symposium on Parasites of Biological and Economical Significance in the Aquatic Environment in Heimaey, Iceland (see the SSP Bulletin 4.2). Based on the same idea another special symposium was arranged on behalf of the SSP in Stykkish6lmur, Iceland in 1996 that dealt with Parasites and Ecology ofMarine and Coastal Birds (SSP Bulletin 6.2). In 1998 the Baltic Society for Parasitology and the SSP arranged a joint symposium on Ecology of Bird-Parasite Interactions in Vilnius, Lithuania (SSP Bulletin 8.2) and this issue is a result of a recently organized joint symposium of the Russian Parasitological Society and the SSP in St. Petersburg, Russia on Ecological Parasitology on the Turn of Millennium. These four meetings as well as the Baltic-Scandinavian Symposium on Parasitic Zoonoses and Ecology of Parasites held in 1994 in Vilnius, Lithuania (SSP Bulletin 5.1) have brought parasitologists in this regions together and promoted a very valuable exchange of information and initiated various collaboration among Scandinavian, Baltic and Russian parasitologists. The Bulletin of the SSP has been an important forum to publish invited papers and submitted abstracts which have been presented by hundreds of parasitologists during the above mentioned meetings. Several very valuable review articles, based on invited lectures given at the meetings, have been prepared and published in the Bulletin. There is no doubt that the organisation of the special meetings has increased the attention and the scientific value of the journal. Due to various reasons St. Petersburg was chosen to be the venue of a joint symposium of the Russian Parasitological Society and the SSP on ecological parasitology. First to mention is the fact that in the 20's and 30's Professor Valentin A. Dogiel (1882-1955) founded in the city the Russian school of ecological parasitology. His books on ecological parasitology and books on the subject written by his Russian followers were translated to English and subsequently also stimulated the development of ecological parasitology in other countries of the world. Also, a considerable number of parasitologists is working on parasites at different institutions in St. Petersburg, e.g. the Zoological Institute, the St. Petersburg State University and the Institute of Lake and R i vcr F ishcry (GosNIORKh). Many of them have continued Dogiel's tradition on vrul(l)',ical parasitology. Furthermore, close relationships exists between p:uwdlolP)',ists working in St. Petersburg and colleagues in the states of' the l\11 ll!l'l 1. I SS I\, especially, however, of those in NW Russia and in the Haiti(; wunl I PI tiKJll, as well as for western parasitologists, it was considered to Ill: caw I!> nH1w i!l St. Petersburg. During the "Cold War" the western and eastern llfillltlw-, 1d t'1 <du)',kal parasitology developed more or less indcpcmkntly. Now, a·; 1111.' 1 11' tllll';f nm·vs have considerably changed, and a fl·cc tnlVl:l has !wen 11111•h· l''''···ild, ' '""' hnd lll come for the scientists of these countries to meet to present and discuss research data, exchange ideas and develop collaboration. Altogether Ill scientists from 25 countries took part in the meeting. Eleven plenary lecturers and 49 submitted oral presentations were given and altogether 73 posters were shown. Papers or abstracts based on plenary lectures and abstracts of the submitted presentations are printed in this issue. As the readers will see the presentations mainly covered various aspects of modern ecological parasitology, e.g. patterns of parasite communities, strategies of parasite life-cycles and life­ histories, parasite manipulations with host behaviour, parasites and wildlife management and vector's ecology. Two workshops were organised during the symposium, on "Ecological­ parasitological problems of NW Europe" and "Parasites of marine and coastal birds in Arctic and subarctic regions". On behalf of the Local and Scientific Organising Committees we would like to express our sincere thanks to the invited speakers, to the participants and to all other persons who contributed to the great success of the meeting. Last but not least we are very grateful to the sponsors listed below who kindly supported the sympostum. September 30, 2000 Kirill V. Galaktionov Karl Skirnisson Scientific Organizing Committee: Andrew N. Alekseev, Zoological Institute, Russia E. Tellervo Valtonen, University of JyvaskyHi, Finland Oleg N. Pugachev, Zoological Institute, Russia Kirill V. Galaktionov, Zoological Institute, Russia Karl Skirnisson, Institute for Experimental Pathology, University of Iceland Tor Atle Mo, National Veterinary Institute, Norway Kurt Buchmann, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Denmark Clive Kennedy, University of Exeter, UK Gediminas Valkiunas, Institute of Ecology, Lithuania iv Local Organizing Committee: Kirill V. Galaktionov, Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg Oleg N. Pugachev, Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg Irina M. Podvyaznaya, Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg Helena V. Dubinina, Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg Andrew A. Dobrovolskij, St. Petersburg State University Sponsors: The generous support from the following sponsors is gratefully acknowledged: - Russian Academy of Sciences -Nordic Academy for Advanced Studies (NorFA) - Russian Foundation for Basic Research - "EkteparetSoerlies Fond for Viltlevende Fulger", Norway -Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences -St. Petersburg State University - "Nevatrans ", Russia - "IRVI" Ltd, Russia V CONTENTS INVITED LECTURES Vector (tick) as ecological niche of different parasitic organisms I A. N. Alekseev & H. V Dubinina..................... ....... ......................................... ..................... ... Selective pressures and parasite strategies 6 C. Combes . .............................................................. .... ................ .............................. ... ....... ... ... Ecology and genetics of Daphnia-microparasites infections: which factors determine parasite distribution? D. Ebert .................................................................................................................................... 12 An ecological approach to the analysis of trematode life-cycles 13 K. V Galaktionov & A.A. Dobrovolskij .................. ...... ... ...... ................. ... ................... ........ Phylogeny, history and biodiversity: understanding fauna! structure and biogeography in the marine realm 19 E. P. Hoberg & A. Adams . ................ .......... .... .. ..... ...... ...... ... .. ..... ............. .................... ... Parasite application in conservation and pest control 38 PJ. Hudson ...
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