DOCSLIB.ORG

Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} the Greco-Persian Wars by Peter Green Peter Green

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} The Greco-Persian Wars by Peter Green Peter Green. While The Greco-Persian Wars is a scholarly volume, with the full apparatus of notes and bibliography, it has the feel of more popular writing: one can sense Green's other calling as a historical novelist. So he uses anecdotes from later sources — Themistocles being warned by his father about the fickleness of the Athenian demos , the story about Aristeides and the ostrakon — without critical analysis and fills in gaps in the record with speculation and extrapolation. He indulges in comparisons with other periods, mostly with World War II — Themistocles is compared with Churchill and the medisers with Vichy. And we even get an old-fashioned touch of the "decided the fate of Europe" and "defence of freedom" themes. All of these things are guaranteed to arouse the ire of some; indeed the new introduction is mostly a response to criticisms levelled at The Year of Salamis . While Green does little more than hint at many factors (the differences in military technology, the importance of the Laurium silver strike, etc.), he offers something technical studies of such details or solid exegeses of Herodotus can not — an attempt to make sense of the wars as a whole, to provide a single coherent overview of them. There are surprisingly few works which attempt this and there are fewer still which combine a scholarly approach with popular accessibility. Green's accounts of the key battles are entrancing and the whole volume is hard to put down — for pure pleasure The Greco-Persian Wars is unmatched by anything I have read on the subject since I first discovered Mary Renault's Lion in the Gateway as a child. Physically The Greco-Persian Wars is an attractive volume, with a nice selection of halftones and a dozen maps (though many of these have no scale or indication of north, or, rather distractingly, show modern roads and towns). I recommend it to anyone who enjoys history, especially military history, but its biggest readership will be amongst school and university students studying the period, many of whom simply won't read anything more involved. The Greco-Persian Wars. The world’s #1 eTextbook reader for students. VitalSource is the leading provider of online textbooks and course materials. More than 15 million users have used our Bookshelf platform over the past year to improve their learning experience and outcomes. With anytime, anywhere access and built-in tools like highlighters, flashcards, and study groups, it’s easy to see why so many students are going digital with Bookshelf. titles available from more than 1,000 publishers. customer reviews with an average rating of 9.5. digital pages viewed over the past 12 months. institutions using Bookshelf across 241 countries. The Greco-Persian Wars 1st Edition by Peter Green and Publisher University of California Press. Save up to 80% by choosing the eTextbook option for ISBN: 9780520917064, 0520917065. The print version of this textbook is ISBN: 9780520203136, 0520203135. The Greco-Persian Wars 1st Edition by Peter Green and Publisher University of California Press. Save up to 80% by choosing the eTextbook option for ISBN: 9780520917064, 0520917065. The print version of this textbook is ISBN: 9780520203136, 0520203135. A Short Summary of the Persian Wars. The term Greco-Persian Wars is thought to be less biased against the Persians than the more common name "Persian Wars," but most of our information about the wars comes from the winners, the Greek side—the conflict apparently was not important enough, or too painful for the Persians to record. For the Greeks, however, it was critical. As British classicist Peter Green has characterized it, it was a David and Goliath struggle with David holding out for political and intellectual liberty against the monolithic theocratic Persian war machine. It wasn't just Greeks against Persians, nor were all the Greeks always on the Greek side. Summary. Locations: Various. Especially Greece, Thrace, Macedonia, Asia Minor Dates: c. 492–449/8 BCE Winner: Greece Loser: Persia (under kings Darius and Xerxes) Earlier than the (mostly failed) attempts by the Persian kings Darius and Xerxes to control Greece, the Achaemenid empire was enormous, and Persian King Cambyses had extended the Persian Empire around the Mediterranean coast by absorbing Greek colonies. Some Greek poleis (Thessaly, Boeotia, Thebes, and Macedonia) had joined Persia, as did other non-Greeks, including Phoenicia and Egypt. There was opposition: many Greek poleis under the leadership of Sparta on land, and under the dominance of Athens at sea, opposed the Persian forces. Before their invasion of Greece, Persians had been facing revolts within their own territory. During the Persian Wars, revolts within Persian territories continued. When Egypt revolted, the Greeks helped them. When Were the Greco-Persian Wars? The Persian Wars are traditionally dated 492–449/448 BCE. However, conflict started between the Greek poleis in Ionia and the Persian Empire before 499 BCE. There were two mainland invasions of Greece, in 490 (under King Darius) and 480–479 BCE (under King Xerxes). The Persian Wars ended with the Peace of Callias of 449, but by this time, and as a result of actions taken in Persian War battles, Athens had developed her own empire. Conflict mounted between the Athenians and the allies of Sparta. This conflict would lead to the Peloponnesian War during which the Persians opened their deep pockets to the Spartans. Medize. Thucydides (3.61–67) says the Plataeans were the only Boeotians who did not "medize." To medize was to submit to the Persian king as overlord. The Greeks referred to the Persian forces collectively as Medes, not distinguishing Medes from Persians. Likewise, we today don't distinguish among the Greeks (Hellenes), but the Hellenes were not a united force before the Persian invasions. Individual poleis could make their own political decisions. Panhellenism (united Greeks) became important during the Persian Wars. Individual Battles During the Persian Wars. The Persian War was fought in a series of battles between the earliest at Naxos (502 BCE), when Naxos repelled the Persians to the final battle at Prosopitis, where Greek forces were besieged by the Persians, in 456 BCE. Arguably, the most significant battles of the War included Sardis, which was burned by the Greeks in 498 BCE; Marathon in 490 BCE, the first Persian invasion of Greece; Thermopylae (480), the second invasion after which the Persians took Athens; Salamis, when the combined Greek navy decisively beat the Persians in 480; and Plataea, where the Greeks effectively ended the second Persian invasion in 479. In 478, the Delian League was formed of several Greek city-states united to combine efforts under the leadership of Athens. Considered the start of the Athenian empire, the Delian League conducted several battles aimed at the expulsion of the Persians from Asian settlements, over a period of twenty years. The main battles of the Persian Wars were: Conflict Origins: 1st Naxos, Sardis Ionian Revolt: Ephesus, Lade First Invasion: 2nd Naxos, Eretria, Marathon Second Invasion: Thermopylae, Artemisium, Salamis, Plataea, Mycale Greek Counterattack: Mycale, Ionia, Sestos, Cyprus, Byzantium Delian League: Eion, Doriskos, Eurymedon, Prosopitis. End of the War. The final battle of the war had led to the death of the Athenian leader Cimon and the defeat of the Persian forces in the area, but it didn't give decisive power in the Aegean to one side or the other. The Persians and Athenians were both tired and after Persian overtures, Pericles sent Callias to the Persian capital of Susa for negotiations. According to Diodorus, the terms gave the Greek poleis in Ionia their autonomy and the Athenians agreed not to campaign against the Persian king. The treaty is known as the Peace of Callias. Historical Sources. is the principal source on the Persian Wars, from Croesus of Lydia's conquest of the Ionian poleis to the fall off Sestus (479 BCE). Thucydides provides some of the later material. There are also later historical writers, including. Ephorus in the 4th century BCE, whose work is lost except for fragments, but was used by Diodorus Siculus, in the 1st century CE. Supplementing these are. Justin (under Augustus) in his "Epitome of Pompeius Trogus," Plutarch (2nd century CE) Biographies and Pausanias (2nd century CE) Geography. In addition to historical sources, there is Aeschylus' play "The Persians." Key Figures. Greek. Miltiades (defeated the Persians at Marathon, 490) (highly skilled Greek military leader during the Persian Wars) Eurybiades (Spartan leader in command of the Greek navy) (king of Sparta, who died with his men at Thermopylae in 480) Pausanias (Spartan leader at Plataea) Cimon (Athenian leader after the wars supporting Sparta) (Athenian leader responsible for rebuilding Athens) Persian. Darius I (fourth Persian king of the Achmaenids, ruled 522 to 486 BCE) Mardonius (military commander who died at the Battle of Plataea) Datis (Median admiral at Naxos and Eretria, and leader of the assault force at Marathon) Artaphernes (Persian satrap at Sardis, responsible for suppressing the Ionian revolt) (ruler of the Persian empire, 486–465) Artabazus (Persian general in the second Persian invasion) Megabyzus (Persian general in the second Persian invasion) There were later battles between Romans and Persians, and even another war that might be thought of as Greco-Persian, the Byzantine-Sassanid War, in the 6th and early 7th century CE. Greco-Persian Wars. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Greco-Persian Wars , also called Persian Wars , (492–449 bce ), a series of wars fought by Greek states and Persia over a period of almost half a century. The fighting was most intense during two invasions that Persia launched against mainland Greece between 490 and 479.
Recommended publications
  • The Satrap of Western Anatolia and the Greeks

    The Satrap of Western Anatolia and the Greeks

    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2017 The aS trap Of Western Anatolia And The Greeks Eyal Meyer University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons Recommended Citation Meyer, Eyal, "The aS trap Of Western Anatolia And The Greeks" (2017). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 2473. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2473 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2473 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The aS trap Of Western Anatolia And The Greeks Abstract This dissertation explores the extent to which Persian policies in the western satrapies originated from the provincial capitals in the Anatolian periphery rather than from the royal centers in the Persian heartland in the fifth ec ntury BC. I begin by establishing that the Persian administrative apparatus was a product of a grand reform initiated by Darius I, which was aimed at producing a more uniform and centralized administrative infrastructure. In the following chapter I show that the provincial administration was embedded with chancellors, scribes, secretaries and military personnel of royal status and that the satrapies were periodically inspected by the Persian King or his loyal agents, which allowed to central authorities to monitory the provinces. In chapter three I delineate the extent of satrapal authority, responsibility and resources, and conclude that the satraps were supplied with considerable resources which enabled to fulfill the duties of their office. After the power dynamic between the Great Persian King and his provincial governors and the nature of the office of satrap has been analyzed, I begin a diachronic scrutiny of Greco-Persian interactions in the fifth century BC.
  • Marathon 2,500 Years Edited by Christopher Carey & Michael Edwards

    Marathon 2,500 Years Edited by Christopher Carey & Michael Edwards

    MARATHON 2,500 YEARS EDITED BY CHRISTOPHER CAREY & MICHAEL EDWARDS INSTITUTE OF CLASSICAL STUDIES SCHOOL OF ADVANCED STUDY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON MARATHON – 2,500 YEARS BULLETIN OF THE INSTITUTE OF CLASSICAL STUDIES SUPPLEMENT 124 DIRECTOR & GENERAL EDITOR: JOHN NORTH DIRECTOR OF PUBLICATIONS: RICHARD SIMPSON MARATHON – 2,500 YEARS PROCEEDINGS OF THE MARATHON CONFERENCE 2010 EDITED BY CHRISTOPHER CAREY & MICHAEL EDWARDS INSTITUTE OF CLASSICAL STUDIES SCHOOL OF ADVANCED STUDY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON 2013 The cover image shows Persian warriors at Ishtar Gate, from before the fourth century BC. Pergamon Museum/Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin. Photo Mohammed Shamma (2003). Used under CC‐BY terms. All rights reserved. This PDF edition published in 2019 First published in print in 2013 This book is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0) license. More information regarding CC licenses is available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Available to download free at http://www.humanities-digital-library.org ISBN: 978-1-905670-81-9 (2019 PDF edition) DOI: 10.14296/1019.9781905670819 ISBN: 978-1-905670-52-9 (2013 paperback edition) ©2013 Institute of Classical Studies, University of London The right of contributors to be identified as the authors of the work published here has been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Designed and typeset at the Institute of Classical Studies TABLE OF CONTENTS Introductory note 1 P. J. Rhodes The battle of Marathon and modern scholarship 3 Christopher Pelling Herodotus’ Marathon 23 Peter Krentz Marathon and the development of the exclusive hoplite phalanx 35 Andrej Petrovic The battle of Marathon in pre-Herodotean sources: on Marathon verse-inscriptions (IG I3 503/504; Seg Lvi 430) 45 V.
  • 300: Greco-Persian Wars 300: the Persian Wars — Rule Book

    300: Greco-Persian Wars 300: the Persian Wars — Rule Book

    300: Greco-Persian Wars 300: The Persian Wars — Rule book 1.0 Introduction Illustration p. 2 City "300" has as its theme the war between Persia and Name Greece which lasted for 50 years from the Ionian Food Supply Revolt in 499 BC to the Peace of Callias in 449 BC Road One player plays the Greek army, based around Blue Ear of Wheat = Supply city for the Greek Athens and Sparta, and the other the Persian army. Army During these fifty years launched three expeditions ■ Red = Important city for the Persian army to Greece but in the game they may launch up to Athens is a port five. Corinth is not a port Place name (does not affect the game) 2.0 Components 2.1.4 Accumulated Score Track: At the end of The game is played using the following elements. each expedition, note the difference in score between the two sides. At the end of the game, the 2.1 Map player who leads on accumulated score even by one point, wins the game. If the score is 0, the result is a The map covers Greece and a portion of Asia Minor draw. in the period of the Persian Wars. 2.1.5 Circles of Death/Ostracism: These contain 2.1.1 City: Each box on the map is a city, the images of individuals who died or were containing the following information: ostracised in the course of the game. When this • Name: the name of the city. occurs, place an army or fleet piece in the indicated • Important City: the red cities are important for the circle.
  • Lecture 17 Spartan Hegemony and the Persian Hydra

    Lecture 17 Spartan Hegemony and the Persian Hydra

    3/15/2012 Lecture 17 Spartan Hegemony and the Persian Hydra HIST 332 Spring 2012 The Aftermath of the Peloponnesian War • General – Greece in a state of economic and demographic devastation; proliferation of mercenaries. • Athens - starved into submission: – Demolish the Long Walls – Surrender all ships except 12 – Accept the lead of Sparta – An oligarchic government by 30 men is put in place by Lysander – Democracy is abolished • Rule of the Thirty Tyrants • Ionian Greeks – Under Persian control. • Sparta –hegemon of Greece; – imposes harmosts & garrisons on defeated cities – allied to the Persians. 4th century Greece Period of continuous warfare • The Corinthian War (394-386 BCE). • Thebes and Sparta (377-362 BCE). • The Social War (357-355 BCE). • The hegemony of Macedon. 1 3/15/2012 Spartan general Lysander Probably of noble descent but impoverished • Lover of prince Agesilaos • Ambitious and Un-Spartan in some ways: – understood way to defeat Athens was to create a navy – He created a bond with the Persian prince Cyrus, son of king Darius II • funded the Spartan fleet • Power-hungry – not enough to stage open revolt against the Spartan constitution Agesilaos II (401-360) A towering figure in Spartan history • Eurypontid king when Sparta ruled Greek world – Half-brother of king Agis II • Very popular among the men in the army, very influential – He had undergone the agoge despite his lame leg – hated Thebes • influenced many wrong decisions – largely responsible for the decline of Spartan power – impoverish the Spartan treasury •
  • War and Peace in Ancient and Medieval History

    War and Peace in Ancient and Medieval History

    War and Peace in Ancient and Medieval History edited by Philip de Souza and John France CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521817035 © Cambridge University Press 2008 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published in print format 2008 ISBN-13 978-0-511-38080-8 eBook (Adobe Reader) ISBN-13 978-0-521-81703-5 hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Contents List of contributors page vii Acknowledgements ix Note on abbreviations xi 1 Introduction Philip de Souza and John France 1 2 Making and breaking treaties in the Greek world P. J. Rhodes 6 3 War, peace and diplomacy in Graeco-Persian relations from the sixth to the fourth century BC Eduard Rung 28 4 Treaties, allies and the Roman conquest of Italy J. W. Rich 51 5 Parta victoriis pax: Roman emperors as peacemakers Philip de Souza 76 6 Treaty-making in Late Antiquity A. D.
  • HERODOTUS I I I 1 IV I I BOOKS VIII-IX I I I I L I I I I I I 1 I 1 I L I 1 I 1 I I I I L G Translated by I a D

    HERODOTUS I I I 1 IV I I BOOKS VIII-IX I I I I L I I I I I I 1 I 1 I L I 1 I 1 I I I I L G Translated by I a D

    I I 1 I 1 OEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY I i I 1 I I I m HERODOTUS I i I 1 IV i I BOOKS VIII-IX I i i I l I I I I i i 1 I 1 i l i 1 i 1 I I i I l g Translated by i A D. GODLEY i i I 1 I I iN Complete list of Lock titles can be V*o Jound at the end of each volume the historian HERODOTUS grc-at Greek was born about 484 B.C., at Halicar- nassus in Caria, Asia Minor, when it was subject to the Persians. He travelled in of Asia widely most Minor, Egypt (as as far Assuan), North Africa, Syria, the country north of the Black Sea, and many parts of the Aegean Sea and the mainland of Greece. He lived, it seems, for some time in Athens, and in 443 went with other colonists to the new city Thurii (in he died about South Italy) where 430 B.C. He was 'the prose correlative of the bard, a narrator of the deeds of real men, and a describer of foreign places' (Murray). His famous history of warfare between the Greeks and the Persians has an epic enhances his dignity which delightful style. It includes the rise of the Persian power and an account of the Persian the empire ; description of Egypt fills one book; because Darius attacked Scythia, the geography and customs of that land are also even in the later books on the given ; the Persians attacks of against Greece there are digressions.o All is most entertainingo a After and produces grand unity.
  • Our Young Folks' Plutarch

    Our Young Folks' Plutarch

    Conditions and Terms of Use PREFACE Copyright © Heritage History 2009 The lives which we here present in a condensed, simple Some rights reserved form are prepared from those of Plutarch, of whom it will perhaps be interesting to young readers to have a short account. Plutarch This text was produced and distributed by Heritage History, an organization was born in Chæronea, a town of Bœotia, about the middle of the dedicated to the preservation of classical juvenile history books, and to the promotion first century. He belonged to a good family, and was brought up of the works of traditional history authors. with every encouragement to study, literary pursuits, and virtuous The books which Heritage History republishes are in the public domain and actions. When very young he visited Rome, as did all the are no longer protected by the original copyright. They may therefore be reproduced intelligent Greeks of his day, and it is supposed that while there he within the United States without paying a royalty to the author. gave public lectures in philosophy and eloquence. He was a great admirer of Plato, and, like that philosopher, believed in the The text and pictures used to produce this version of the work, however, are the property of Heritage History and are licensed to individual users with some immortality of the soul. This doctrine he preached to his hearers, restrictions. These restrictions are imposed for the purpose of protecting the integrity and taught them many valuable truths about justice and morality, of the work itself, for preventing plagiarism, and for helping to assure that of which they had previously been ignorant.
  • Salamis in Easy Attic Greek

    Salamis in Easy Attic Greek

    'yJlMLJ. n. C^\- SxJ^bris PROFESSOR J. S.WILL z.'vS" f*^ Cambridge Mkiiuiuary Classics Salamis in easy Attic Greek 13 en O Sal a mis in easy Attic Greek With Introduction, Notes and Vocabulary by G. M. EDWARDS, ^M.A. Fellow of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge ' - / Cambridge : at the University Press if J I9'3 S57H CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS ILonUon: FETTER LANE, E.G. C. F. CLAY, Manager GFUinbursb: 100, PRINCES STREET ectlin: A. ASHER AND CO. Efipjig: F. A. BROCKHAUS ip,etoSorfe: G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS »otnbag antj Calcutta: MACMILLAN AND CO., Ltd. All rights reserved WIIHTeO Ih •«i»T ««ITAIII PREFACE rilHIS mlaptation of part of Herodotus, imirli -*- shortened and simplified, is intended for students in their second year of Greek readin<r. The re-written text is mainly Attic ; but a few Ionic touches have been retained for their literary value. The subject-matter is of great and varied interest ; and there is abundance of useful idiom. The excellent editions of Dr Shuckburgh and Messrs How and Wells and Dean Blakesley's admirable Excursus on the battle of Salamis have been found very useful. G. M. E. CAMBRmOK June 1913 CONTENTS PAGE Introduction ...... vii Text ........ 1 Notes 32 Vocabulary ...... 61 Index of Proper Names . .77 ILLUSTRATIONS AND MAP Map of Salamis .... Frontispiece Athens and the Acropolis {Phot. Frith) To face p. 2 A Greek Trireme Themistocles {Phot. Anderson) . Note.— The illustration of the trireme is re- produced by permission of Mr Cecil Torr. A full explanation of its details will be found in his work on Ancient Ships (p.
  • The Athenian Empire

    The Athenian Empire

    Week 8: The Athenian Empire Lecture 13, The Delian League, Key Words Aeschylus’ Persians Plataea Mycale Second Ionian Revolt Samos Chios Lesbos Leotychidas Xanthippus Sestos Panhellenism Medizers Corinth Common Oaths Common Freedom Asia Minor Themistocles Pausanias Dorcis Hegemony by Invitation Aristides Uliades of Samos Byzantium Hybris Delos Ionia Hellespont Caria Thrace NATO UN Phoros Hellenotamias Synod Local Autonomy 1 Lecture 14, From League to Empire, Key Words Eion Strymon Scyros Dolopians Cleruchy Carystus Naxos Eurymedon Caria Lycia Thasos Ennea Hodoi Indemnity Diodorus Thucydides Athenian Imperial Democracy Tribute Lists Garrisons 2 Chronological Table for the Pentekontaetia 479-431 481/0 Hellenic League, a standard offensive and defensive alliance (symmachia), formed with 31 members under Spartan leadership. 480/79 Persian War; battles under Spartan leadership: Thermopylae (King Leonidas), Artemesium and Salamis (Eurybiades), Plataea (Pausanias), and Mycale (King Leotychides). 479 Thank-offerings dedicated at Delphi for victory over Persia including serpent column listing 31 cities faithful to “the Hellenes”. Samos, Chios, and Lesbos, and other islanders enrolled in the Hellenic League. Sparta, alarmed by the growth of Athenian power and daring, send envoys to urge the Athenians not to rebuild their walls, but Themistocles rejects the idea and tricks the envoys; Athenians rebuild walls using old statues as ‘fill’, while Themistocles is on diplomatic mission to Sparta. Following the departure of Leotychides and the Peloponnesian contingents, Xanthippus and the Athenians cross over to Sestos on the European side of the Hellespont, lay siege to the town, and capture the Persian fortress. Themistocles persuades the Athenians to complete fortifications at Piraeus, begun in 492; while Cimon promotes cooperation with Sparta, Themistocles hostile to the hegemon of the Peloponnesian and Hellenic leagues; attempts to rouse anti-Spartan feelings.
  • Questions for Greek and Persian Wars by John R. Hale

    Questions for Greek and Persian Wars by John R. Hale

    www.YoYoBrain.com - Accelerators for Memory and Learning Questions for Greek and Persian Wars by John R. Hale Category: Cyrus - (4 questions) What was the religion of Persian empire Zoroastrian under Cyrus What was the Greek story about Cyrus's That his grandfather (king Astyages of boyhood Medes) had a dream where his grandson would engulf the world. The king ordered the infant (daughter's son) destroyed. This son grew up to conquer the Medes (father was Persian) What were provincial capitals called under satrapies Persian What capital did Cyrus create for Persia Pasargadae - a series of palaces dotted around a park (where our word paradise comes from) Category: Darius - (10 questions) What advice did Oracle at Delphi give King Go tell the king if he crosses the river, he will Creoesus about Cyrus destroy a great empire. What Greek led delegation to get support for Aristagoras - leader of Miletus Ionian rebellion against Persians in 500 BC went to both Sparta and Athens What did main land Greeks contribute to 20 ships from Athens Ionian rebellion 6 ships from Eretria What happened to cause mainland Greeks after burning Sardis, the Greeks were withdraw from Ionian rebellion from Persians counter attacked by Persians and Athenians barely escaped alive and decided to not deal with Ionians again How many ships did Persia bring to counter 600 Ionian rebellion What leader led the Ionian fleet against Dionysius - tried to drill Greeks but they Persia during Ionian rebellion rebelled and quit training What was the name of naval battle where
  • Week 7: the Persians Wars

    Week 7: the Persians Wars

    Week 7: The Persians Wars Lecture 12, Marathon, Key Words Aryans Media Babylonia Lydia Persia Cyrus Achaemenid Armenia Syria Cappadocia Croesus Cambyses Egypt India Sudan Persian Gulf Darius Samos Polycrates Scythia Macedon Miltiades Danube Earth and Water Boeotia Chalcis Corinth Demaratus Cleruchs Aegina Ionian Rebellion Aristagoras Miletus Naxos Sardis Eretria Lade Hipparchus archon 496/5 Phrynichus Chersonnesus Piraeus Themistocles 1 Mardonias Thrace Mt. Athos Rapprochement Datis Artaphernes Delos Carystus Pheidippides Pan Carneia Arête Beach head Cavalry Archers Plataeans Herakleion Marshes Charadra Soros Cynosura Phaleron Dromoi Grundy Stoa Poikile Aeschylus Hastings Spanish Armada Neville Chamberlain Bertrand Russell Churchill Marlborough Holocaust Sophocles Euripides Aristophanes Socrates Plato Aristotle Phidias Parthenon Pericles Scientific Revolution Western Civilization Marathonomachoi 2 Chronological Table for Persian History and the Persian Wars 2000-1000 Indo-Iranians migrate from the Eurasian plains of south Russia, across the Caucasus Mountains and into upper-Mesopotamia; others move east of the Caspian Sea and into the Indus river valley (founders of the Aryan Sanskrit civilization). 1150-1000 Phrygians migrate from the Balkans into central Anatolia; spread of iron technology: early Iron Age (1150-550). 950 Phrygian kings establish capital at Gordium and unite Anatolian plateau. 900-612 Assyria dominates the Near East. 844 Assyrian records refer to the Iranian tribes, the Persians. 836 Assyrian records mention the Medes. 705-690 Phrygian power shattered by Cimmerians (Iranian or Thracian nomads, who swept over Asia Minor and Syria at the end of the 8th /early 7th century); Lydia becomes independent of Phrygia. 700-675 Medes coalesce into a united kingdom under the initiative of the Mede Deioces (Hdt.
  • The Parthenon Frieze and the Apadana Reliefs at Persepolis

    The Parthenon Frieze and the Apadana Reliefs at Persepolis

    The Parthenon Frieze and the Apadana Reliefs at Persepolis: Reassessing a Programmatic Relationship Author(s): Margaret Cool Root Source: American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 89, No. 1, Centennial Issue (Jan., 1985), pp. 103-120 Published by: Archaeological Institute of America Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/504773 . Accessed: 02/09/2014 11:32 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Archaeological Institute of America is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to American Journal of Archaeology. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 128.148.252.35 on Tue, 2 Sep 2014 11:32:38 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions The ParthenonFrieze and the Apadana Reliefs at Persepolis: Reassessing a ProgrammaticRelationship* MARGARET COOL ROOT (Pls. A, 22-25) Abstract lis-A.W. Lawrence offered a series of perceptive and The Parthenon frieze and the Apadana reliefs at Per- provocative observations on the general similarities of sepolis are frequently invoked as symbols of the polarity form and function between the ceremonial citadel of between Greek and Persian the democracy despotism, the Persians and the Akropolis of the Athenians.' Im- one depicting the citizenry of Athens freely conveningto in his discussion is the notion that Athens celebratethe Great Panathenaia,the other depictingrep- plicit must resentatives of the subject nations forced to offer their have consciously embraced and internalized critical wealth to the Great King on New Year's Day.