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A Focus on Geometric Configuration and Performance Planning Report 08-01 March 2009 Mineta Transportation Institute

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A Focus on Geometric Configuration and Performance Planning Report 08-01 March 2009 Mineta Transportation Institute MTI MTI Report 08-01 Feasibility Of One-Dedicated-Lane Bus Rapid Transit/Light-Rail Systems And Their Expansion To Two-Dedicated-Lane Systems Two-Dedicated-Lane Systems And Their Expansion To Feasibility Of One-Dedicated-Lane Bus Rapid Transit/Light-Rail Funded by U.S. Department of Feasibility Of One-Dedicated-Lane Transportation and California Department Bus Rapid Transit/Light-Rail Systems of Transportation And Their Expansion To Two-Dedicated-Lane Systems: A Focus On Geometric Configuration And Performance Planning Report 08-01 March 2009 Mineta Transportation Institute Created by Congress in 1991 MINETA TRANSPORTATION INSTITUTE The Norman Y. Mineta International Institute for Surface Transportation Policy Studies (MTI) was established by Congress as part of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Effi ciency Act of 1991. Reauthorized in 1998, MTI was selected by the U.S. Department of Transportation through a competitive process in 2002 as a national “Center of Excellence.” The Institute is funded by Congress through the United States Department of Transportation’s Research and Innovative Technology Administration, the California Legislature through the Department of Transportation (Caltrans), and by private grants and donations. The Institute receives oversight from an internationally respected Board of Trustees whose members represent all major surface transportation modes. MTI’s focus on policy and management resulted from a Board assessment of the industry’s unmet needs and led directly to the choice of the San José State University College of Business as the Institute’s home. The Board provides policy direction, assists with needs assessment, and connects the Institute and its programs with the international transportation community. MTI’s transportation policy work is centered on three primary responsibilities: Research MTI works to provide policy-oriented research for all levels of government and the private sector to foster the development of optimum surface transportation systems. Research areas include: transportation security; planning and policy development; interrelationships among transportation, land use, and the environment; transportation fi nance; and collaborative labor-management relations. Certifi ed Research Associates conduct the research. Certifi cation requires an advanced degree, generally a Ph.D., a record of academic publications, and professional references. Research projects culminate in a peer-reviewed publication, available both in hardcopy and on TransWeb, the MTI website (http://transweb.sjsu.edu). Education The educational goal of the Institute is to provide graduate-level education to students seeking a career in the development and operation of surface transportation programs. MTI, through San José State University, offers an AACSB-accredited Master of Science in Transportation Management and a graduate Certifi cate in Transportation Management that serve to prepare the nation’s transportation managers for the 21st century. The master’s degree is the highest conferred by the California State University system. With the active assistance of the California Department of Transportation, MTI delivers its classes over a state-of-the-art videoconference network throughout the state of California and via webcasting beyond, allowing working transportation professionals to pursue an advanced degree regardless of their location. To meet the needs of employers seeking a diverse workforce, MTI’s education program promotes enrollment to under-represented groups. Information and Technology Transfer MTI promotes the availability of completed research to professional organizations and journals and works to integrate the research fi ndings into the graduate education program. In addition to publishing the studies, the Institute also sponsors symposia to disseminate research results to transportation professionals and encourages Research Associates to present their fi ndings at conferences. The World in Motion, MTI’s quarterly newsletter, covers innovation in the Institute’s research and education programs. MTI’s extensive collection of transportation-related publications is integrated into San José State University’s world-class Martin Luther King, Jr. Library. DISCLAIMER The contents of this report refl ect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and accuracy of the information presented herein. This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Transportation, University Transportation Centers Program and the California Department of Transportation, in the interest of information exchange. This report does not necessarily refl ect the offi cial views or policies of the U.S. government, State of California, or the Mineta Transportation Institute, who assume no liability for the contents or use thereof. This report does not constitute a standard specifi cation, design standard, or regulation. MTI REPORT 08-01 FEASIBILITY OF ONE-DEDICATED-LANE BUS RAPID TRANSIT/LIGHT-RAIL SYSTEMS AND THEIR EXPANSION TO TWO-DEDICATED-LANE SYSTEMS: A FOCUS ON GEOMETRIC CONFIGURATION AND PERFORMANCE PLANNING March 2009 H.-S. Jacob Tsao, Wenbin Wei, and Agus Pratama a publication of the Mineta Transportation Institute College of Business San José State University 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE San José, CA 95192-0219 Created by Congress in 1991 TECHNICAL REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. CA-MTI-09-2605 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date Feasibility of One-Dedicated-Lane Bus Rapid Transit/Light-Rail Systems and Their Expansion to Two-Dedicated-Lane Systems: A Focus on Geometric Configuration and Performance Planning 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Authors 8. Performing Organization Report No. H.-S. Jacob Tsao, Wenbin Wei, and Agus Pratama 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. Mineta Transportation Institute—College of Business San José State University 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE 11. Contract or Grant No. San José, CA 95192-0219 DTRT07-G-0054 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Final Report California Department of U.S. Department of Transportation Transportation Research and Innovative Technology 14. Sponsoring Agency Code Sacramento, CA 95815 Administration 400 7th Street, SW Washington, DC 20590-0001 15. Supplementary Notes 16. Abstract This report consists primarily of two parts, the first on feasibility and the next on space minimization. In the section on feasibility, we propose the concept of a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) or light-rail system that effectively requires only one dedicated but reversible lane throughout the system to support two-way traffic in the median of a busy commute corridor with regular provision of left-turn lanes. Based on key ideas proposed in that section, the section on space minimization first addresses how to implement a two-dedicated-lane BRT or light-rail system with minimum right-of-way width and then proposes ways to expand a one-dedicated-lane system to two dedicated lanes. In a one-dedicated-lane system, traffic crossing is accommodated on the otherwise unused or underused median space resulting from provision of the left-turn lanes. Although not necessary, some left-turn lanes can be sacrificed for bus stops. Conceptual design options and geometric configuration sketches for the bus stop and crossing space are provided in the section on feasibility, which also discusses system performance in terms of travel speed, headway of operations, distance between two neighboring crossing spaces, and number of crossing spaces. To ensure practicality, we study implementation of such a system on an existing corridor. Such a system is also useful as an intermediate step toward a two-dedicated-lane system because of its potential for facilitating transit-oriented development. In typical existing or planned BRT or light-rail systems implemented with two dedicated traffic lanes, a space equivalent to four traffic lanes is dedicated for a bus stop. In the section on space minimization, we propose implementations requiring only three lanes at a bus stop, based on two key ideas proposed for a one-dedicated-lane system. That section also discusses ways to expand a one-dedicated-lane system to its corresponding two-dedicated-lane system. 17. Keywords 18. Distribution Statement Bus Rapid Transit, Light No restriction. This document is available to the public through the Rail, Exclusive Bus Lane, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161 Dynamically Reversible Lane, Busway, Deployment 19. Security Classif. (of this 20. Security Classif. (of this page) 21. No. of Pages 22. Price report) Unclassified $15.00 Unclassified Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Copyright © 2009 by Mineta Transportation Institute All rights reserved Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2008931326 To order this publication, please contact the following: Mineta Transportation Institute College of Business San José State University 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE San José, CA 95192-0219 Tel (408) 924-7560 Fax (408) 924-7565 E-mail: [email protected] http://transweb.sjsu.edu ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of this research by the Mineta Transportation Institute of the Lucas Graduate School of Business at San José State University. They are indebted to Research Director Trixie Johnson for her technical direction and administrative support, Research and Publications Assistant Meg Fitts, Webmaster Barney Murray, and Graphic
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