Report on Drug Control in Macao Contents Report on I. Macao’s Drug Control Policy and the Situation of Drug Problems 6 Drug Control II. The Narcotics Control Committee 12 III. Combating Drug Crimes in Macao Judicial Police 18 IV. Prevention and Treatment of Drug Dependence Health Bureau 36 Health Bureau 38 AIDS Prevention and Control Commission 66 Macao Prison 73 V. Treatment and Rehabilitation Service by NGOs Teen Challenge 82 Association of Rehabilitation of Drug Abusers of Macao-Rehabil- 90 itation Center Christian New Life Fellowship- Rehabilitation in Macao Center 108 Macao Renovation and Mutual Assistance Association 121 Smoking Abstention and Good Health Association 125 VI. Research Work 134 VII. External Cooperation 147 Appendix The Narcotics Control Comissittee 156 Relevant Drug Control Institutes in Macao/Service Directory 158 3 I. Macao’s Drug Control Policy and the Situation of Drug Problems I. Macao’s Drug Control Policy and the Situation of Drug Problems (1) Macao’s Drug Control Policy In 2010, the The Narcotics Control Committee fully com- effectiveness. pleted its function granted by the Macao SAR Govern- Controlling the supply of drugs and reducing their ment on the opinion and suggestions giving about the demand, as well as their harmfulness, have always been implementation of anti-drug policy, as well as the over- all drug combat work in Macao. The Narcotics Control the three major anti-drug strategies for the Macao SAR Committee has continued to strengthen the connection Government in order to protect the security and health and co-operation between related official and non-gov- of the entire city, and these strategies are anti-drug ernmental organizations, in order to mobilize the par- target of the government. ticipation of the whole population so as to improve the Public Legislative Prosecutions Law Courts Chief Executive Assembly Office Secretary for Secretary for Secretary for Social Executive Administration Security Affairs and Culture Council & Justice Narcotics Control Committee Legal Affairs Bureau Unitary Police Service Customs Service Youth Drug Problem Concern Working Group Macao Prison Judicial Police Social Welfare Bureau Health Bureau - Prison Affairs - Forensic Science - Department for Pre- -Pharmaceutical Department Department vention and Treatment Affairs Department - Social Assistance, - Criminal Cases of Drug Dependence - Public Health Education and Investigation - Division of Prevention Laboratory Training Division Division of Drug Abuse - Division for Treatment and Social Rehabilitation Non-Governmental Drug Treatment Organizations 6 6 I. Macao’s Drug Control Policy and the Situation of Drug Problems (2) The Drug-Related Situation in Macao As an overview of the drug situation in 2010, there has In 2010, a total of 447 voluntary drug treatment cases been an increase in the drug cases both on investiga- were followed by the Drug Treatment Complex Center, tions and prosecutions compared to that of 2009, how- there has been an increase of 3% compared of 434 ever, the seizure of heroin and ketamine decreased cases in 2009, among 80 new cases, which accounted significantly. Yet, the seizure of cocaine had a sharp in- 17.8% of the overall. The Central Registration System crease. The blooming of gaming industry of Macao has for Drug Abusers of Macao was implemented in 2010, trigger illegal activities in the surroundings and attracted with 673 persons on the list, an increase of 7.5% when drug traffickers to deal their business here. Since re- compared to 626 persons in 2009. lated trans-regional drug trafficking activities implicated According to statistics of the Public Prosecution Office, Zhuhai, Hong Kong and Macao, the difficulties for po- from 2006 to 2010, 1,125 cases were registered for in- lice investigation increased. vestigation, while the number of prosecutions was 998. Among cases involving trans-regional drug trafficking In 2010, 301 drug cases were registered for investiga- detected recently, it was noticed that international drug tion, an increase of 9.85% in comparison with 274 cases trafficking methods switched progressively from hiring in 2009. There were 226 prosecutions, a decrease of Africans by internal concealing as in the past to using 12.4% comparing 258 cases in the preceding year. young Asian or white ladies who smuggle drugs in their suitcases. As the age range, skin colour and race of persons hired for smuggling are rather broad, in particu- 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Total lar the use of mainland Chinese women; this has cre- Registered for ated certain difficulties for the police when investigating investigation 130 157 263 274 301 1,125 amongst so many travelers. Anti-drug is a systematic (per case) work which needs the strengthening of communication Prosecution 160 147 207 258 226 998 and cooperation among different government depart- (per case) ments, NGOs and schools, jointly, in order to combat drug trafficking and drug taking. 7 7 I. Macao’s Drug Control Policy and the Situation of Drug Problems According to statistics of the Macao Types and amount of drugs seized by the Macao Customs in the last five years Customs, 82 tablets of psychotropic Type of Drugs Unit 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 substance were seized in 2009, while in Cannabis g 302.33 1.2 36.96 32.98 2.06 2010, 175.5 tablets were seized, dou- Marijuana g - - - - 4.49 ble compared to the year before. The Hashish g - - - 15.58 - quantity of ketamine seized also rose to 467.42g. There has been a sharp de- Heroin g 0.80 644.3 2,014.34 0.94 5,781.34 crease in cannabis leaf, about 2.06g, yet Cocaine g 1.30 0.5 - - 3.96 no seizure for hasish. However, 4.49g Ketamine g 10.91 272.61 645.71 332.76 467.42 of marijuana was seized. 5,781.34g of MDMA (ecstasy) Tablet 36.50 97.00 - - - heroin were seized in 2010, a sharp in- Diazepam Tablet 184.00 101.00 - - - crease than the preceding year. 2,133g Tablet 4.00 95.00 - - - of codeine were seized in 2009, while in Methamphetamine(Ice) g 5.80 3.25 3.43 - - 2010, 814.65g were seized, with an ob- vious decrease. There were no seizure Methylephedrine Tablet - - 5.00 - - for methamphetamine (Ice), methadone, Tablet - - 108.00 2.00 - Phenethylamine MDMA (ecstasy), cocaine and diazepam g - - 0.90 - - in 2010. Midazolam Tablet - - 49.5 9.00 - Nimetazepam Tablet - - 121.50 42.00 - 4-Bromo-2, Tablet - - 1.00 - - 5-Dimethoxyphenethylamin Nimetazepam Tablet - - - 19.00 74.50 Clonazepam Tablet - - - - 51.00 Triazolam Tablet - - - 1.00 - Midazolam Tablet - - - - 50.00 g - - - 4.38 29.97 Methylamphetamine Tablet - - 2.00 9.00 - ml - - 3,800.00 - 1,280.00 Codeine g - - 2,133.00 - 814.65 8 8 I. Macao’s Drug Control Policy and the Situation of Drug Problems Heroin, methamphetamine (Ice), ketamine (K), canna- 447 detoxification cases were followed up by the Drug Treatment Com- bis, cocaine, nimetazepam (erimen 5), midazolam (blue plex Center in 2010, an increase compared to 2009. There were 80 smurfs), have been the major types of drugs seized by new comers, which was similar to the year before. the Judicial Police in recent years. 12,111g of heroin were seized in 2010, a decrease compared to 2009 Statistics from the Drug Treatment Complex Center of the SWB in the last five years with 17,009g. In 2010, 262 drug crime suspects were 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 arrested by the Drug Crime Investigation Division, Total of cases 345 349 388 434 447 amongst 112 suspected in drug trafficking, a decrease of 13% with 302 suspects, while 147 suspects were New cases 59 57 86 89 80 involved in drug consumption, a decrease of 13.5% when comparing to 170 arrested in 2009. (For details Regarding the number of HIV/AIDS infections for drug addicts, due to on drug control and related statistics, please refer to the strengthening of methadone continuous treatment and the foun- the chapter of the Judicial Police) dation of non-governmental drug treatment outreach units in recent Regarding the statistics for drug dependence in Ma- years, satisfactory results on different medical check carried out on cao, in 2009, the Central Registration System for Drug drug treatment patients have been achieved and so, therefore, there Abusers of Macao was implemented by the SWB, in has been an overall decrease of infection disease of all kinds. As well, order to provide a comprehensive picture of the situa- effective control had been made over HIV/AIDS infections and its pro- tion on substance abusers and related situation in Ma- liferation among drug addicts. The contamination rate has been rela- cao. In 2010, sixteen organizations/units participated tively low in the last two years. in the system with eight relevant official units and eight NGOs. Throughout the year, 1,058 registrations were Statistics on HIV/AIDS infection in the last five years recorded; the exact number of registrations was 673 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 after deducting those recorded repeatedly. (For more HIV virus 28 21 22 17 22 details, please refer to related chapter of Research and Studies) AIDS 2 5 2 2 5 HIV infections by syringe sharing 8 1 3 3 3 AIDS infections by syringe sharing 0 1 1 0 0 9 9 10 II. The Narcotics Control Committee II. The Narcotics Control Committee The Narcotics Control Committee Work In 2010, as usual, the Committee fulfilled its duties entrusted by the Macao SAR Gov- ernment on giving opinions and suggestions over the implementation of anti-drug policy, as well as the overall drug combat work in the territory. Two plenary meetings were held within the year. Five meetings and two external exchanges were carried out by the subordinate unit Youth Drug Problem Concern Working Group.