Thames Chase Trust
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2. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This section builds on our landscape Continued fragmentation through road and rail understanding (Section 1.2-1.4) to set out the building, compounded by gravel extraction, Land of the Fann’s significance and why it is urban sprawl and industry have resulted in the valued by local communities. A summary of Land of the Fanns becoming an increasingly landscape significance is offered, followed by a forgotten landscape. As it has lost its sense consideration of features of significance within of identity, development decisions have been each of our 11 Landscape Character Areas taken against a backdrop of weak information that also draws on community input. Finally, about the landscape, its sense and its meaning, the value of the landscape to communities further compounding the problem. What for learning and enjoyment is outlined. remains are communities feeling instinctively allied to his landscape, despite its form no longer easily understood and no overarching 2.1 Summary narrative to support a joined-up appreciation. Local people, visitors and decision-makers The Land of the Fanns hosts a well beloved deserve access to a good understanding of SECTION 2 – STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE 2 – STATEMENT SECTION and unusual variety of niche landscapes, the identity and significance of the landscape providing the relief of open space for so that balanced decisions are made with 92 communities along East London’s fringes. It well-informed mitigating solutions where is a landscape of highland, unusual in Essex, necessary. Better connecting the often that embraces a plain of lowland and marsh isolated visitor attractions and revealing their crossed by rivers that together comprises 11 significance, their offer and their physical areas of distinctive and contrasting landscape. and historical links are crucially needed to By their inherent nature, each has attracted help re-establish linkages and a ‘sense of its own history, whilst collectively making place’ to this historic landscape. Through 2.1 SUMMARY up a united area of diverse heritage interest, the co-ordinating narrative of the Land of the including many sites of national importance Fanns, the first steps towards restoring the and connections to the national story. significance of this landscape will be made. A whole cavalcade of history has paraded across this area over the millennia and continues to do so today. Local people feel a 2.2 Features proud connection to this crossroads landscape, despite continuous migration to, from and through it. History shows time and again that of Significance local people have consistently displayed a The 11 Landscape Character Areas are used certain independence and affection for the as a spatial framework for understanding area and its particular ‘sense of place’. From features of significance within the landscape. the Iron Age Land of the Trinovantes, through The adoption of a spatial rather than thematic the Saxon period when it was part of Lundein, approach here is deliberate, given the subject to the Danelaw and then East Seaxe, complexity of the Land of the Fanns area to the Essex we know in modern times. and its status as a newly defined landscape. Today, this pride has become much harder This structure has also made it easier for to express at landscape scale as south-west communities to relate to their heritage and Essex has merged into north-east London and meaningfully participate, especially with the become divided by administrative boundaries. ‘Land of the Fanns’ concept being so new. HAVERING WOODED HILLS What our communities say: “Views over Romford and London “Breath taking space 1 shows off the in Harold Hill” Essex ridge and “Views across plateau – geology into London” of landscape” 2 Centred on the historic linear village of Havering-atte-Bower, this is a countryside highland area of country parks, woodland and farmland that has managed to retain a sense of remoteness. The features of significance here include: • Strong historic character and time depth combined with wildlife interest, along with topography7 and views giving rise to high landscape value – particularly from Broxhill 3 Road across Bedford’s Park 5 • Second largest avenue of Wellingtonias in England within Havering Country Park OF SIGNIFICANCE 2 – STATEMENT SECTION • Historic settlements8 in Havering-atte-Bower (conservation area and listed buildings) and at Noak Hill 93 • Narrow lanes and strong rurality in places4 • Ancient woodland at Bower Wood, Foxburrow Wood and Trench Pond Plantation 6 • Important wooded skyline and setting to London • Recreational assets at Home Farm (Prygo Park), Bedfords Park and Havering Country Park • London Loop long distance route passes through9 this area as does the north part of Sustrans route 136 • Friends Group and Local Heritage Society 11 • Strong horsey culture 2.2 FEATURES OF SIGNIFICANCE 2.2 FEATURES INTANGIBLE HERITAGE ASSETS HERE INCLUDE: • Rich history • Rich historical connections • Sense of remoteness • Fables relating to royalty • Important archaeological potential • Community heritage celebrations BRENTWOOD WOODED HILLS What our communities say: “Walks through “King Georges Weald Country 2 Park – wonderful Park – the deer facilities and walk enclosure!” to Thorndon Park” “Fabulous views” This countryside area with its large free roaming deer herds around3 St. Vincent’s hamlet and South Weald continues the ridge5 eastwards, swinging towards Thorndon to the south east and crossing the head of the Ingrebourne Valley at Brentwood. Features of significance here include: 8 • Weald Country Park and Thorndon Country Park both Registered Parks and Gardens and 4 of national significance SECTION 2 – STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE 2 – STATEMENT SECTION • Three scheduled ancient monuments including6 a moated site at Dagnam Park Farm, hill fort at Calcott Hall Farm and Old Thorndon Hall and Gardens 94 • Historic villages of South Weald, Great Warley (both conservation areas), Little Warley, St Vincent’s hamlet, Brook Street and Childerditch • Significant9 areas of ancient woodland reflecting historic management practices such as coppicing • Rural,11 incised tree lined lanes which have strong character and time depth • Patches of acid soils give rise to areas of bracken, birch and beech woodland which adds texture and variety to the area along with remnant commons and grazed parkland • Significant recreation opportunities in this landscape associated with nature reserves and country parks • Thorndon Woods, Weald Park and Dagnam Park are all part of the Essex Wildlife Trust initiative Living Landscapes which seeks to take a landscape scale approach to connecting and developing habitats 2.2 FEATURES OF SIGNIFICANCE 2.2 FEATURES • Friends Group INTANGIBLE HERITAGE ASSETS HERE INCLUDE: • Old garrison town • Sense of history • Historical events LANGDON HILLS AND FARMLAND What our communities say: 3 “Great walking area” “Amazing views towards London “Bluebell walks” and the Thames” Langdon Hills (known as ‘long hill’ by the Saxons) is the furthest eastern reach of the Land of the6 Fanns as it curves around to cradle the south and west urban limits of Basildon. The hillside forms an ancient cliff face and landslip area along its length from Jury Hill at East Horndon. Here, the features of significance include: • Dunton Plotlands as an area of significant cultural landscape • High quality landscape with exceptional views to the fens, the Thames and London skyline OF SIGNIFICANCE 2 – STATEMENT SECTION • High concentration of Local Nature Reserves – Lincewood, Marks Hill, Willow Park, Dunton Plotlands, Vange Hill 95 • SSSI at Basildon Meadows valued for its unimproved and herb rich grassland • High concentration of recreational sites including Langdon Hills Country Park, One Tree Hill and golf courses • Hawkesbury Manor in the east of the area is a timber framed, Grade II listed building of mid to late 18th Century origin • Significant number of ancient woodlands including Hall, Coombe, Great Sutton, Northlands and Martinhole Woods • Perceived rurality and tranquillity and sense of separateness from urban areas INTANGIBLE HERITAGE ASSETS HERE INCLUDE: 2.2 FEATURES OF SIGNIFICANCE 2.2 FEATURES • Sense of interwar and wartime self-reliance 2 BELHUS LOWLAND QUARRY FARMLAND 7 3 What our communities5 say: 8 “Was a barren area “Thames Chase 4 – much better now” Forest Centre is 6 wonderful and a “Often underrated” much needed facility” Along with Thurrock Reclaimed Fen, this area forms the large central plain that is the heart of the Land of the Fanns.11 Here the landscape also surprisingly starts to host long hills and downs as it extends further away from the hilly ridge towards the Thames. Features of significance include: SECTION 2 – STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE 2 – STATEMENT SECTION • Concentration of conservation areas at North Ockendon, Cranham Hall and Harwood Hall 96 • Number of important ancient woodland sites • Watercourses include Running Water Brook, Common Water course and the stream which feeds Berwick Pond, all of which have potential to become significant wildlife corridors • Country Parks include Belhus Woods and Grangewaters • Remnant fish pond and parkland associated with Gaynes Park (now substantially built over) at Corbets Tey • Cranham Nature Reserve • Remnants of historic parkland at Belhus (Registered Park and Garden Grade II) • Thames Chase Forest Centre at Broadfields Farm (with Grade II listed barn and stables) 2.2 FEATURES OF SIGNIFICANCE 2.2 FEATURES INTANGIBLE HERITAGE ASSETS HERE INCLUDE: