WEPA ACTION PLAN 2015
RESEARCH TO APPLY CLEANER PRODUCTION FOR PIG FARMING IN VIETNAM
Mrs. Nguyen Thi Thanh Tram Vietnam Environment Administration THE CONTENT
1. Introduction to Vietnam
2. Background
3. Outline
4. Rationale
5. Location
6. Summary of activities INTRODUCTION TO VIETNAM
- Location: the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia.
- Area: 331.698 km2
- Population: 90,5 million inhabitants
- Capital: Hanoi
- Economy: Vietnam has been a agricultural civilization for much of its history. However, the economic development towards industrialization, agriculture still accounts for a high proportion.
- GDP/person: 2.028 USD The economic structure of Vietnam
Agriculture 38% 21% Industry 41% Service BACKGROUND In Vietnam:
Pig farming has a high proportion of the The gross value of livestock industry. The number of pigs in Vietnam ranks the fourth in 10 countries which agriculture output have the most number of pigs in the world. There were 26.39 millions pigs in Vietnam Cultivate (1/4/2014). 30% The provinces that have the largest number of pig farming: Hanoi, Dong Nai, Bac Giang, Thai 70% Livestock Binh, Nghe An. There’re 2 forms of pig raising are: household farming with the scale of 100 pigs approximately and centralized with the scale is more than 100 pigs There’re approximately 8.5 millions households with household-scaled-farming; 18,000 centralized farms. BACKGROUND
Livestock
Problems of Economic Pollution achievements
The centralized Household -There is no general guidelines for farms: farms: construction of pig breeding wastewater .67% have .Use biogas treatment systems using biogas in Vietnam. wastewater in household - The requirements n’ standards for small treatment system but most are biogas constructions aren’s suitable for the but the effect isn’t overloaded. mediun ones in farming. fully processed. .Discharge -Can’t separate dry manure and . 2,8% is directly into wastewater. reported for EIA. the drain. -The cost is quite high. -Awareness of farmers n’ farm owner in environment protection is still low -The technical level isn’t high enough, mainly learn experiences from another farm BACKGROUND
QCVN24-2009/BTNMT National standards for industrial wastewater Parameter Unit Value Maximum limit
AB pH 4,5 - 8 6 -9 5,5 – 9 Color Pt - Co 350 - 870 -
Turbidity Mg/l 420 - 550 - 30 BOD5 Mg/l 3.500 - 8.900 50 COD Mg/l 5.000 - 12.000 50 100 TSS Mg/l 680 - 1.200 50 100 Total Photphorus 4 Mg/l 36 - 72 6 (TP) 15 Total Nitrogen (TN) Mg/l 220 - 460 30
Table 3. The pollutant load of pig farm wastewater OUTLINE
Overall • Strengthening the capacity of water environmental management in goalz Vietnam and other Asian countries.
• To evaluate current situation and propose solutions for cleaner production to enhance management efficiency and pig breeding waste treatment in Tam Thai pig farm. • To offer the solutions to enhance management efficiency and pig Program breeding waste treatment for pig farms in Nghe An province and Vietnam. Purpose • To raise the awareness of managerial agencies, owners of pig farms and local authorities in terms of cleaner production to control wastewater from pig breeding. • To support WEPA in sharing experience
• Wastewater from Tam Thai centralized pig farm is better controlled, the effectiveness of wastewater treatment by using biogas system here is improved. • Wastewater from centralized pig farms in Nghe An province and in Viet Nam is better controlled. Outputs • Capacity on environmental management and pig breeding wastewater controlling of enterprises, local environmentally staff and other stakeholders would be ameliorated. • The experience of applying CP for pig farming to controlling wastewater in Vietnam RATIONALE
Farms with scale over Nghe An province has the 5th largest number of pigs in 1000 pigs: the country. There is no technical guidance on biogas systems and Thenumberofcattleinthe wastewater treatment systems. household decreases and the Be required to have EIA before number of breeding pigs in going into action centralized farms are increasing. Orientation for livestock industry development according to the There’re 6 pig farms with Decision of the Prime Minister: the target for pig farming industry scale over 1000 pigs; 60 until 2020 is developing rapidly farms breeding scales from the scale of foreign pig farms in 100 to 1000 pigs the direction of farms, industry. LOCATION
Time for pig care: 6 months/farrow Feed: 2,4 kg/pig/day Used water: 25 l/pig/day Wastewater: 1-2 l/day
Stabilization pond Receiving source (Rivers, Pig breeding Biogas (wastewater, biological products) lakes, fields,…)
Figure 1. Sewage treatment system in pig farms in Nghe An province LOCATION Tam Thai pig farm: -Using area: 35.000 m2 .Breeding facilities area: 2.400 m2 .Waste treatment zone area: 3.000 m2
-The scale of pig farm: .500 reproductive sows -> 3.500-4000 porkers/farrow .Average weight: 55kg/pig .Amount of food: 2000kg/day; 1kg/pig/day .Water source: natural water from the mountain streams. .The farm also combines with perennial fruit growing and young fished breeding to take full advantage of pigs’ leftover food and excrement when cleaning pig houses. Waste water discharge to the dam which is the .The cost of pig farm construction: 560.000 USD. source of water for all commune residents LOCATION
Biogas tank 1st Stabilization Pond
Site map of pig farming sewage treatment system in Tam Thai pig farm Final Stabilization Pond SUMMARY OF ACTIVITIES
Document overview of the current status of pollution and breeding sewage treatment in Vietnam and in Nghe An province
To survey, collect data to evaluate the current situation of waste treatment by using biogas system at Tam Thai farm
To propose CP solutions for wastewater management in Tam Thai Centralized Pig Farm and all the centralized pig farm in Nghe An, Vietnam
To organize conferences, training courses on solutions for enhancing effectiveness of management and treatment of pig breeding wastewater in centralized farms. Document overview of the current status of pollution and breeding sewage treatment
Document overview of current Document overviwe of the status of pig farming and waste current situation of pig farming pollution in Vietnam waste treatment in Nghe An - Gathering reports, data from - Collecting the report, monitoring data agencies under MARD, MONRE, GSO from DONRE, DARD on the current and the available researches to status of pig farming and its waste analyze, overall assess the current treatment in the farms with scale over status of waste pollution in the pig farm 1000 pigs in the locality and the current industry. environmental situation of areas around the farm. - Reviewing te evaluation of the legal documents system defining waste - Investigation, survey on the current management in pig farming in Vietnam. status of pig farming, pollution and pih breeding sewage treatment teachnologies in 2 farms with scale over 1000 pigs in Nghe an province. To survey, collect data to evaluate the current situation of waste treatment by using biogas system at Tam Thai farm
1. General informations: - Interviewing households living around Tam Thai farm to collect their reflections on the farm’s impacts to their lives. - Farm location; farming scale, breeding method, housing systems, investment funds, pig breeds, sizes, water source and feed used. 2. Indentify pig breeding processes and material line (material and waste) 3. Collect data, take sample to evaluate wastewater quality To survey, gather data, sample
Gather, define Total number of porkers, sows input data Average weight per pig Amount of food/pig/day, type of food Amount of using water, quality of water Amount of dry excrement of sows Carrying capacity of waste from farming system to biogas system The pasty excrement of porker after washing the housing The wastewater quality before treatment at biogas system Biogas system Technical parameter of 02 biogas tanks Collected to measure and analyze the gas Technical parameter of 1st stabilization pond Soil components at biogas system construction zone Wastewater after Quality of water after using biogas treatment system using biogas Quality of water at the receiving water source
Parameters need to be gathered and defined: TO SURVEY, ASSESSMENT
Technical parameters:
1. Water - Sampling locations: Water supply for pig farming (01 sample) Input wastewater of the biogas system (01 sample) Stabilization pond (2 samples) The receiving water source (02 samples) - Parameters: pH, DO, COD, BOD, TSS, TN, TP, Amoni, Coliform.
2. Gas Sampling locations: Biogas tank (01 sample)
Parameters: Gas Flow, CH4, H2S, NH3, NO2 3. Soil Sampling locations: Biogas system construction zone (01 sample) Parameters: pH, the humus, TC, TN, TP Proposals
1. To propose CP solution for wastewater management in TT farm Solutions for enhancing effectiveness of waste collection, waste classification and stream separation from farming area to treatment system. Solutions for enhancing effectiveness of biogas system: operation process, the calculation of amount of input and output waste from biogas tank, biogas collection and utilization. Solutions for water economical and effective utilization and reuse of water from treatment system. Solutions for technology improvement and change of wastewater collecting system design, biogas tank and conditioning tank improvement. Solutions of environmental sanitation, breeding facilities cleaning, living emission collecting. Solutions of management, supervision, periodic environmental observation. Proposals
2. To propose CP solutions in pig breeding wastewater management in centralized farm in Nghe An, Vietnam. To propose solutions for pig breeding wastewater management in centralized farms.
To propose solutions for improving suitable biogas system in farm scoped pig breeding.
To propose choosing pig breeding wastewater treatment technology in farm scoped pig breeding. To organize conferences, training courses
1. The conference consult professors’ idea and related sites on solutions for enhancing effectiveness of management and treatment of pig breeding wastewater in centralized farms. Target: advising the cleaner production solutions to better control wastewater from pig farming Participants (50 people): Owners of centralized pig farms in Nghe An, cleaner production professors, pig farming wastewater management professors, environmental staff of concerned units under MONRE, MARD, DONRE, DARD 2. Training course of CP solutions for pig farming The goal is training of cleaner production solutions to better control wastewater from pig farming. Participants (50 people): Farm owners in Nghe An province, technical staffs in pig farming, environmental experts, husbandry experts from Share experience with WEPA memberships
To present reports in annual meetings of WEPA on outcomes of the project and to share experience lessons learned from implementing this program.
To share guiding documents of cleaner production for pig farming with other WEPA members.
Provide materials and information to WEPA secretariat for making a chapter in WEPA Action Program Report summarizing the result of the program in order to disseminate it to other region through WEPA database. IMPLEMENTING AGENCY AND STAKEHOLDERS
Implementing Agency:
Environmental Science Institute under Vietnam Environment Administration
Stakeholders:
Nghe An Department of Natural resources and Environment
Nghe An Department of Agriculture and Rural development
Owner of Tam Thai farm pig farm
Owners of more than 1000 pigs farms in Nghe An (07 farms)
Some communities living around the farms
Some units under VEA, MONRE
Center of Vietnam Cleaner production THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION