Subject Index
α-blending, , anomaly, , D plot, , anti-Robinson, approximate degrees of freedom, ,, , Abbott, Edwin, , , acceleration, arithmetic accuracy ratio, − political, , active contour model, ART, see algebraic reconstruction technique active plot, aspect ratio, , acyclicgraph,, association plot, , adaptive smoothing, , association rules, adaptive weights smoothing, atlas additive models, – − cartographic, additive tree, − statistical, , adjunct variables, atomic number, adverse events, – attribute operations, age pyramid, attributes, aggregate claim process, auction, , aggregated view, auction profiles, aggregated views, linking, averagelinkage,, AIC, see Akaike’s information criterion averaged shifted histogram, , Akaike’s information criterion, , , , axis variables, algebraic linking, B-spline, algebraic reconstruction technique, backfitting algorithm, , alignment, background variable, analyse des données, bagging, analysis Baker, Robert, − discriminant, balloon plot, − principal component, bandwidth, , , , , analysis of covariance, , − smoothing parameter, Anderberg, − variable, angular separation, bankruptcy analysis, 922 Subject Index barchart,,,,,, brush mode, − divided, brushing, , , , Barbeu-Dubourg, Jacques, Buache, Philippe, barplot, Bundesbank, , , , baseball data, Bayesian data analysis, C (programming language), , Bayesian estimate, Caesarean data set, Bayesian exploratory data analysis, calendar plots, Bayesian information criterion, calendar time, Bayesian networks, calendar-based, Bayesian statistics, camera obscura, Bell Laboratories, Canberra metric, Benzécri, Jean-Paul, , cancer atlas, Bertin plot, canonical correlation analysis, , , Bertin, Jacques, , − kernel,,,– Bhattacharya distance, − reduced kernel, bias,,,– caption, − grouping-based, cars data set, , − perception-based, CART, , , , , − proximity-based, cartesian product, –, , , , , bias-optimized frequency polygon, , BIC, see Bayesianinformation criterion cartesian space, – bid histories, case-by-variables matrices, bid-arrival, catastrophic event, bidding data, , categorical data, bidirectional color, CCmaps, bidirectional linking, cDNA,,, bilateral frequency polygon, cell-cycle, bills of mortality, censored zooming, binary data, , centroid, binary response model, , centroid-based cluster analysis, see cluster anal- binwidth, ysis biplot, chart bivariate normal surface, − bar,,,, block clustering, − control, Boolean networks, − Gantt, bootstrap, , –, − isochronic, Boston housing, − pie, Bowley, Arthur, , − time-series, Box–Cox transformation, Cheysson,Émile,, boxplot, , , , –, , , , chi-square distance, , , chi-squared test, Brahe, Tycho, –, choropleth, Braun, Blanque, choropleth maps, Bray–Curtis, city block metric, Subject Index 923 claim arrival process, comma separated value (CSV) format, class diagram, command line, , , classical scaling, common scale, classification, , common scaling, , classification in data, – company rating, classification tree, complete graph, cluster analysis, , –, –, , compositing operator, composition, − centroid-based, Comprehensive R Archive Network, − computational issues, computational − furthest neighbor, − complexity, − hierarchical, , , , −− clustering, − mixed strategy, , − time, −− large datasets, concordance measures, − model-based, concurrency, , , − nearest neighbor, conditional correlation, − nested partitions, conditional independence, , − nonhierarchical, conditional inference, − partitioning, , , conditioned choropleth maps, −− large dataset, conditioning variables, − single linkage, confidence bounds, , − tree, see dendrogram confidence curves, −− alternative views, confidence region, −− structure, consistency, , cluster tree, contingencytable,, cluster views linked to statistical charts, continuous distribution function, clustering,,,,,, contour plot, , , , , , collinearity, − trivariate, color choice, , , , , , , contour shell, color histogram, convex hull, , color images, , Cook’s distance, color palette coordinate − diverging, − parallel, − qualitative, coordinate paper, color projection, coordinate system, , , , color space coplot, − CIELAB, correlation,,,,,– − CIELUV, − marginal, − HCL, correlation matrix, , − HSV, correspondence analysis, , − RGB, corrgrams, color spectrum, , cost function, – Colorbrewer, , counting process, colour, coupling, colour coding, , covariance matrix, , 924 Subject Index covariance operator, −− high dimensional, covariate adjustment, data set coxcomb, − alpha, –, , – CRAN, see Comprehensive R Archive Network − Caesarean, crash tests, − cars,, creation of functional observations, − cdc, – critical path method, − cdc, – Crome, August F.W., − dentitio, cross-sectional, , − detergent, cross-validation, , , , , , − elu, , cubic smoothing spline, − German election, curse of dimensionality, − Pollen, curve, − Tour de France, − contour, de Fourcroy, Charles, − cumulative frequency, de Witt, Jan, − fitting, deceleration, − freehand, decision support, – − frequency, decision tree, − historical, deductible, − isodic, degree of interest, − isogen, Delaunay triangulation, − loess, dendrogram,,,,, − selection, − cutting level, Cusa, Nicolas of, density estimation, cut point, density evolution, cylindrical probability, dentitio data, Czekanowski, Sørensen, Dice, dependency inversion principle, depth shading, DAG, see directed acyclic graph derivative,,,, data Descartes, René, , − analysis, design patterns, , − arthritis, − decorator pattern, − Danish corporal punishment, − factory method pattern, − display, − mediator pattern, − financial, – − observer pattern, − fit, − state pattern, − GIS, – − strategy pattern, − hospital, details, − multivariate, detergent data, − scaling, DFBETAS, , − smoothing, dffits, − sphering, diagnostic, , − transformation, diagram − UCB admissions, − alignment, − visualization, , , , − butterfly, Subject Index 925
− cartogram, , distribution − Chernoff faces, − Burr, , − circle, − exponential, , − contour, , − gamma,, − coxcomb, − log-normal, , − divided circle, − loss, − geometric, − mixture of exponentials, , − Hertzsprung–Russell, − Pareto, , − historical, − tail, − nomogram, − Weibull, , − pie, divergence metric, − rose, , domain-specific linking, − sieve, domain-specific visualizations, − statistical, dotplot, , − stereogram, doubledecker plot, , , − tree, drill-down, , differential equation, , du Carla-Boniface, Marcellin, dimension dualities − high, − -D, − reduction, , , , , Dupin, Charles, − three, dynamic binding, dimension ordering, dynamic interaction, − correlation-driven, dynamic sliced inverse regression (DSIR), − data-driven, dynamics, − symmetry-driven, − user-driven, e-learning, , dimensionality,,, eBay, , , , direct clustering, EDA, see exploratory data analysis directed acyclic graph, edge frequency polygon, discretization, , edge-preserving smoothing, disparity, effect display − curvature, − fourfold, − interaction, − trellis, effect-ordered data display, , − two-way table, Eigenvalue, dissimilarity, − decomposition, dissimilarity measure, Eigenvector, distance, elliptical glyphs, − in Rp, elliptical seriation, , , , distance measure, EM algorithm, − Euclidean, empirical linking, , − Manhattan, energy data, distance transfer function, entropy, distance-based linking, equally spaced grid, distortion, , Euclid, 926 Subject Index
− “elements”, forecast,,, Euclidean distance, , , forest, , Euclidean geometry, , FORTRAN, evaluation, , frequency polygon, − perception-based, − bias-optimized, − performance-based, − edge, event-driven programming, Friendly, Michael, evolution, functional, expected shortfall, − data, , exploration, , − model, exploratory data analysis, , , , , − object,,, , , − observation, − atomic queries, – − summary, − compound queries, – functional data analysis, − guidelines, – fuzzy logic algorithm, − requirements, − visual cues, Gabor filter, exploratory graphics, Galilei, Galileo, Galton,Francis,,,– faceting, Gannett, Henry, factor analysis, , GAP, see generalized association plots − factorial plan, Gauss, Carl Friedrich, − output interpretation, Gaussian distribution, − visualization, Gemma-Frisius, Reginer, FDA, see functional data analysis general similarity coefficient, feature map, –, , generalized association plots, , , feature space, genetic algorithms, Fermat, Pierre, German Bundesbank, figure German election data, − geometric, GGobi, , , , , filtered kernel, Giffen, Robert, filtered mode tree, Gini index, filtering,, GIS, − curves, GIS data, – final auction price, glyph, , , financial data, – − design,,,, finite mixture model, − evaluation, finite time horizon, − examples, , flexclust, − limitations, flexmix, − strengths, flipping of intermediate nodes, gold & currencies, – flow map, , Golden Age, , fluctuation diagram, , , Goodman, Leo, focusing, goodness-of-fit, fonts, gradient fill, Subject Index 927
Grammar of Graphics, − model, grandtour,,,, −− parameter naming, graph, , , , −− sources of variation, − age pyramid, − tree, − bilateral polygon, − view, − circle, hierarchical cluster analysis, see cluster anal- − hanging rootogram, ysis − high-resolution, high-dimensional data visualization, − line, , high-dimensional visualizations, interacting − model, with, − paper, higher-order kernel, − time-series,,,, highlighting, , graphical − linked, − Gaussian model, histogram,,–,,,,,, − interface, − layout, − averaged shifted, , − parameter, − bivariate, – − path, − density, − primitive, , − frequency, − test statistic, − percentage, graphics histospline, − multivariate, HLS, , , Graunt, John, , Homals, Greenacre, Michael, homogeneous Poisson process (HPP), Gresham’s Law, HTML, grid Human–Computer Interaction Laboratory, − coordinate, − hexagonal, hundreds of variables, – group stimulus space, Huygens, Christiaan, Guerry, André-Michel, , GUI, , , icon, see glyph GUIDE, identity linking, image Haberman, Shelly, − analysis, Halley, Edmund, − fusion, Hamman, − plot, Harrison, John, − reconstruction, head injury, − segmentation, heatmap, impurity measure, Herschel, William, independence, hexagonal bin, , INDSCAL, Hidalgo stamps, information loss, hierarchical inheritance, − clustering, , , insurance, − linking, − automobile, 928 Subject Index
− company kernel machine, , −− bankruptcy, − support vector clustering, − premium, − kernel canonical correlation analysis, , − relative safety loading, , – insurer’s surplus, − kernel principal component analysis, , integrating data –, − Dynamic Signal Maps, − smooth support vector machine, − KnowledgeEditor, − smooth support vector regression, − PathFinder, − support vector clustering, , , – − Pathway Assist, − PubGene Vector PathBlazer, kernel method, interactive, , , , , , keyword data, − graphics, , , , , knots, − operation, Kulczynski, − plot, – − statistical graphic, lack-of-fit, , − visualization, , Lallemand, Charles, interpolation, , , Lambert, Johann, interquartile range, Laplace, Pierre Simon, inverse problem, large data sets, isoline, larger view, isomap, lassoing, Italian Household Income and Wealth, lattice graphics, layer, , , Jaccard coefficient, , layout, Jasp, − data-driven, Jasplot, , − manager, Java, , , , − structure-driven, − Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT), le Blon, Jacob, − Java D, , leaf, − Java Foundation Classes (JFC), legend, , − Swing, Levasseur, Pierre Émile, Jevons, William Stanley, leverage, JPEG, life table, juxtaposition, likelihood ratio test, limited expected value function, k-means, , line Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions, − contour, KEGG, − graph Kendall’s tau coefficient, −− -D, kernel, − isogon, kernel density estimate, –, − isoline, , − bivariate, – − slope as rate, − multivariate, – − timeline, kernel function, − type, , Subject Index 929 linear − geological, − graph, − linked to statistical charts, − projection, − shaded, linear regression − thematic, , − multiple, − topographic, linkage methods, − weather, , linked mappings, − brushing, , − many-to-one, − clustering view, − one-to-many, − data view, − one-to-one, − highlighting, , , Marey, Étienne Jules, − map, marginal panels, − micromap plot, marketplaces, − network graph, Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), − plot, , Markov property, − view,,,,, Marshall, Alfred, linking, mathematical framework, − with memory, matrix − without memory, − scatterplot, Liskov substitution principle, matrix maps, , Lisp-Stat, , matrix visualization, , , , , lithography, Maunder, E.W., LM plots, maximum likelihood estimate (MLE), local linear, , , , , mean loglinear model, − acceleration, longitude, − excess function, , loss distribution, − integrated squared error, loss of information, − residual life function, low-rank approximation, − squared error, lowess, − velocity, measurement MacSpin, − physical, magnetic resonance images (MRI), measurement error, Mahalanobis distance, medical image, majorization, , metabolic networks, MANET, , metric, see distance Manhattan distance, metric scaling, , map,,,, metric space, − anamorphic, Michael, − cartography, microarray data, , , , , , − chloropleth, microarrays, − contour, micromaps, , − disease, microplot, , − epidemiological, Microsoft Excel format, − flow, , Minard,CharlesJoseph,,, 930 Subject Index minimal span loss, mountainplot,, Minkowski metric, Mountford, missing functional objects, multidimensional scaling, , , , missingvalues,,,, multilevel models, mode multiple correspondence analysis, − forest, multiple linked views, − surface, multiple testing, − tree, multiscale visualization, – −− filtered, multivariate data, model multivariate Gaussian distribution, − checking, , multivariate graphics, − generalized linear, mussels − loglinear, − horse, − misspecification, − mixed, Nadaraya–Watson, − piecewise constant, neighborhood graph, − piecewise linear, network graphs linked to statistical charts, − selection, neural networks, − tree-structured, Neurath, − understanding, NHTSA, model–view–controller (MVC), , Nightingale, Florence, model-based cluster analysis, see cluster anal- node, ysis noisy realizations, modeling and simulation nominal data, − GenePath, nominal variable, − Genetic Network Analyzer, nomogram, Mondrian, , non-metric scaling, , monitor, nonlinear color mapping, monolithic visualizations, nonlinear models, – monotone smoothing, nonparametric density estimation, mosaic nonparametric regression, − mondrian display, normalization, − multiple bars, − reorder rows and columns, object, − same-bin-size display, object-oriented programming (OOP), mosaicplot,,,,,,,,, observed bids, , , , , , , occlusion, , − conditional probability, Ochiai, − construction, odds ratio − fluctuation diagram, − conditional, − multiple barcharts, − sufficient set, − order of variables, − definition, − same bin size, − high dimensional generalization, − variations, online, Moseley, Henry, online auction, , Subject Index 931 open-closed principle, particle swarm optimization, OpenGL, partition operational taxonomy units, − recursive, ordering, partitioning around medoids, Oresme, Nicole, partitioning cluster analysis, see cluster anal- Ortelius, Abraham, ysis outlier, , , , , , Pascal, Blaise, outlier detection, passive plot, overall fitting, Patefield algorithm, overlay, path, overview, pathway, , pattern, , p-values, , − fill, paint mode, − recognition, , , pairs plot, − search, PAM, see partitioning around medoids PCA, see principal component analysis panel plot, PDF, parallax software, Pearson correlation, , parallel coordinate, , –, Pearson residuals, − axes permutations, – Pearson, Karl, − classifiers, – penalized smoothing spline, − D’Ocagne, penalized squared error, − decision support, – penalizing term, − dualities penalty term, −− -D, permutation, , , − exploration guidelines, – permutation matrices, − exploratory data analysis, – permutation test, − origins, – Perozzo,Luigi, − Parallax software, perspective plot, , − plot, , , , , , , , , Petermann, Augustus, , , Petty, William, , − projective plane, phase-plane plots, , − proximate planes, Phi, − queries pictogram, −− atomic, pie chart, , −− atomic – EDA, – piecewise additive, −− compound boolean – EDA, – piecewise constant, −− compound-boolean, piecewise linear, −− exploration, piechart, − relations patterns,, Pima Indian data, − review, – pivot table, − scatterplot matrix, planar graph, − visual cues, Playfair,William,,,,,, parametric bootstrap, plot partial functional objects, − association, 932 Subject Index
− bivariate, −− points, − Fourier function, −− variables, − log-log, , principal components, − mosaic, , , printing − parallel coordinate, − three-colour, − probability, , probability − star, , − cylindrical, − stem-leaf, − gate, PNG, − plot, pointwise histograms, − product, Poissonregression,, probability theory, political arithmetic, process politician data, − aggregate claim, Pollen data set, − claim arrival, polymorphism, − counting, polynomial spline, − density evolution, positive definite kernel, , − Poisson positron emission tomography (PET), −− homogeneous (HPP), posterior predictive checking, − renewal, posterior predictive distribution, − risk, posterior uncertainty, −− trajectory, PostScript,,,,,,, − stationary, power law, Procrustes analysis, , prediction shading, product kernel, , – predictive distribution, , product probability, preprocessing, , profile plots, presentation, profiles, presentation graphics, projection, , price − axonometric, − curve, , , projection pursuit, , − dynamic, , projection pursuit index, − evolution, projection pursuit, central mass index, Priestley, Joseph, , , projection pursuit, holes index, PRIM-, projection pursuit, LDA index, primary monotone least-squares regression, projection pursuit, optimization, projection pursuit, PCA index, principal component analysis, , , , propagate, , , , , , , propagationcondition,,,,, − correlation circle, Propagation-Separation (PS), − kernel, , –, Property Claim Services, − principal components, proximate planes, −− correlations, proximity data, −− orthogonality, proximity graph, − reduced kernel, proximity matrices, , − supplementary Psychometrika, Subject Index 933
Ptolemy, Claudius, , renewal process, Python, reorderable matrix, reordering, Quételet, Adolphe, , , replacement, quantile, replicateddata,, quantile line, replication, query replication distribution, − atomic, reproducing kernel, −− explained, – reproducing kernel Hilbert space, , − atomic – EDA, – residual, − compound boolean – EDA, residual-based shading, − compound-boolean, resolution of a statistical graph, − compound-boolean – EDA, response model, − exploration, response surface, – RGB R,,,,,,,,,, − cube, R, , Rheticus, Georg, RWinBUGS, , Rice Virtual Lab in Statistics, radial basis function, , , ridge regression rail travel data, − smooth support vector regression, random forest, risk process, random graph, − α-stable Lévy motion approximation, random subset, − diffusion approximation, Rao, − trajectory, rating, reciprocal averaging, Riverplot, recover, Robinson matrix, rectangle selection, ROC curve, − recursive partitioning, area under, reduced kernel, , , , Rogers, Tanimoto, reference band, , , , rooted tree, reference distribution, , rootogram, , reference region, roughness functional, region competition, roughness penalty, regression, , , , Royal Statistical Society, , − diagnostic,,, rubber-band selection, − model, rug fringe, − Poisson, , rug plot, , − sliced inverse, ruin − stepwise, − probability, − tree, , , − theory, relationship, , Ruin Probabilities toolbox, relative risk, – ruin probability, relative safety loading, ruin theory, relativity of a statistical graph, , , Russell, 934 Subject Index
S-Plus, , , significance probability, Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, silhouette plot, Sammon map, silhouette value, SAS, similar set, scagnostics, similarity, scalability, , similarity coefficient, scalable vector graphics, , , , , , similarity metric, , simple effects, , , scale, simple matching coefficient, , − common, Simpson, scaling, simulated annealing, − multidimensional, , SiZer plot, scattergram, sliced inverse regression (SIR), scatterplot, –, , , , , , small multiple, , , , , Smalltalk, − brushing, , Smith, William, − matrix, , , , , , –, , smoother, , , , , , , , smoothing, , , Scheiner, Christopher, smoothing parameter, , , –, , Schwabe, Hermann, , , , scree plot, smoothing parameters, SDE-Solver, smoothness, SearchBox, snake energy model, searching, snake–balloon model, sectional display, Sneath, Peter H.A., sectioned scatterplot, , , Snow, John, , sediment display, Soergel metric, selecting, software, selection bias, − Ruin Probabilities toolbox, selection modes, − SDE-Solver, self-organizing map, , − XploRe semitransparency, , −− Insurance Library, Senefelder, Aloys, Sokal, Robert, separation, Solka, Jeff L., sequences, SOM, see self-organizing map seriation, sorting, , shadow value, , Sorting auctions, Shakespeare keywords, spanning tree, shape, spatial data, Shepard plot, Spearman’s rank correlation, shingles, speckle noise, shortest path, spectrum, shortest spanning path, spineplot, , sieve diagram, spineplot of leaves, , sieve plot, , spline order, Subject Index 935 split, tableau-graphique, SPLOM, see scatterplot matrix tabular, SPOL, see spineplot of leaves tabular views, spreadplot, tandem analysis, spring model, Tcl/Tk, star plot, , temporal information, static, terminalnode,,,, static graphs, test statistic, statistical atlas, thematic cartography, statistics theorem − demographic, − Ekart and Young, − moral, three-dimensional scatterplot, stem-leaf plot, threshold, , stereogram, time boxes, Steven and Weber laws, timeseries,,,,, stratigraphic geology, − multiple, streaming, − operation, stress, , time-lagged, – strip labels, TimeBox, , structural adaptation, timeline, , Sturges’ rule, TimeSearcher, subjects space, Titanic, sufficient matrix visualization, tour summary, − axes, summary statistics, , − basis, supervised classification, − finding structure, , supervised classification, LDA, − frame, supervised classification, QDA, − geodesic, supervised classification, trees, − grand,,, support vector, , − guided, , − bounded, − interpolation, support vector machine, − manual, , − smooth, − path,, support vector regression − target basis, − smooth, − target plane, , surface estimation, –, , − within-plane,, SVG, see scalable vector graphics Tour de France, , SVM, see support vector machine − data set, symbol trace plot, , − sunflower, transformations, traveling salesman, , table tree seriation, − graphical, treemap,,,,, − life, Trellis − semi-graphic, − display,,,, 936 Subject Index
− graphic, − Graphviz,, − layout, − interaction effects, − paradigm, –, , − multidimensional, − plot,,,, − Ospray, trends, − system, triangulation, − the case for, – Tufte, Edward, , , VITAMIN-S, VIsualization and daTA MIN- Tukey, John Wilder, , , ing System, two-way table, von Mayr, Georg, typesetting, Voronoi partition, Voronoi tessellation, ultrametric tree, ultrasound image, Walker,FrancisA., unaggregated view, wall quadrant, unidimensional scaling, Wave–Hedges, unified modeling language (UML), weather map, , UNIX, Wegman, Edward J., unrepresentative, weighted Euclidean distance, weighted graph, weighted least square estimate (WLSE), van Langren, Michael F., weighted plots, , variability band, , , , widgets, variable bandwidth, wireframe plot, variable location, WMF, variable selection, , , World Wide Web, vertex, , view box, XD, viewport, XGobi, , virus data, XML, vision model, XploRe ViSta, − Insurance Library, visual thinking, xysplom, , , visualization, , , , , , − Archimedes, yeast two-hybrid screen, − BioMiner, Yule, − displays for exploration, − early successes, Zeuner, Gustav, − Geometry, zooming, ,