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JACEK TRZEBUNIAK* Analysis of Development of the Tibetan Tulku
The Polish Journal of the Arts and Culture Nr 10 (2/2014) / ARTICLE JACEK TRZEBUNIAK* (Uniwersytet Jagielloński) Analysis of Development of the Tibetan Tulku System in Western Culture ABSTRACT With the development of Tibetan Buddhism in Europe and America, from the second half of the twentieth century, the phenomenon of recognising a person as a reincarnation of Bud- dhist teachers appeared in this part of the world. Tibetan masters expected that the identified person will serve important social and religious functions for Buddhist communities. How- ever, after several decades since the first recognitions, the Western tulkus do not play the same important role in the development of Buddhism, as tulkus in China, and the Tibetan communities in exile. The article analyses the cultural and social causes of the different functioning of tulku institution in Western societies. The article shows that a different un- derstanding of identity, power and hierarchy mean that tulkus do not play significant roles in the development of Buddhism in this part of the world. KEY WORDS religious studies, Tibetan Buddhism, tulku, West INTRODUCTION Tulku (Tib. sprul sku) is a person in Tibetan Buddhism tradition who is recog- nised as a reincarnation of a famous Buddhist master. The tradition originated in the 13th century in the Kagyu (Tib. bka’ brgyud) sect when students of the Dusum Khyenpa (Tib. dus gsum mkhyen pa), after his death, found a boy and * Wydział Filozoficzny, Katedra Porównawczych Studiów Cywilizacji Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie, Polska e-mail: [email protected] 116 Jacek Trzebuniak recognised him as a reincarnation of their master1. -
Complete Issue
Center for Open Access in Science Open Journal for Studies in History 2020 ● Volume 3 ● Number 1 https://doi.org/10.32591/coas.ojsh.0301 ISSN (Online) 2620-066X OPEN JOURNAL FOR STUDIES IN HISTORY (OJSH) ISSN (Online) 2620-066X www.centerprode.com/ojsh.html [email protected] Publisher: Center for Open Access in Science (COAS) Belgrade, SERBIA www.centerprode.com [email protected] Editorial Board: Spyridon Sfetas (PhD) Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Letters, GREECE Ilya Evgenyevich Andronov (PhD) Moscow State Lomonosov University, Faculty of History, RUSSIAN FEDERATION Mirela-Luminita Murgescu (PhD) University of Bucharest, Faculty of History, ROMANIA Kostadin Rabadjiev (PhD) Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Faculty of History, BULGARIA Snezhana Dimitrova (PhD) South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Department of History, Blagoevgrad, BULGARIA Nikola Zhezhov (PhD) Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Faculty of Philosophy, NORTH MACEDONIA Vojislav Sarakinski (PhD) Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Faculty of Philosophy, NORTH MACEDONIA Amalia Avramidou (PhD) Democritus University of Thrace, Faculty of Classics and Humanities Studies, Komotini, GREECE Eleftheria Zei (PhD) University of Crete, Department of History and Archeology, Rethymno, GREECE Boyan Youliev Dumanov (PhD) New Bulgarian University, School of Graduate Studies, Sofia, BULGARIA Boryana Nikolaeva Miteva (PhD) Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Faculty of History, Sofia, BULGARIA Florian Bichir (PhD) University of Piteşti, Faculty of Theology, Literature, History and Arts, ROMANIA Executive Editor: Goran Pešić Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade Open Journal for Studies in History, 2020, 3(1), 1-24. ISSN (Online) 2620-066X __________________________________________________________________ CONTENTS 1 The Impact of 1918 on Bulgaria George Ungureanu 11 Influences of the East on Early Christian Iconography Maria Chumak Open Journal for Studies in History, 2020, 3(1), 1-24. -
Guenther's Saraha: a Detailed Review of Ecstatic Spontaneity 111 ROGER JACKSON
J ournal of the international Association of Buddhist Studies Volume 17 • Number 1 • Summer 1994 HUGH B. URBAN and PAUL J. GRIFFITHS What Else Remains in Sunyata? An Investigation of Terms for Mental Imagery in the Madhyantavibhaga-Corpus 1 BROOK ZIPORYN Anti-Chan Polemics in Post Tang Tiantai 26 DING-HWA EVELYN HSIEH Yuan-wu K'o-ch'in's (1063-1135) Teaching of Ch'an Kung-an Practice: A Transition from the Literary Study of Ch'an Kung-an to the Practical JCan-hua Ch'an 66 ALLAN A. ANDREWS Honen and Popular Pure Land Piety: Assimilation and Transformation 96 ROGER JACKSON Guenther's Saraha: A Detailed Review of Ecstatic Spontaneity 111 ROGER JACKSON Guenther's Saraha: A Detailed Review of Ecstatic Spontaneity Herbert Guenther. Ecstatic Spontaneity: Saraha's Three Cycles of Doha. Nanzan Studies in Asian Religions 4. Berkeley: Asian Humani ties Press, 1993. xvi + 241 pages. Saraha and His Scholars Saraha is one of the great figures in the history of Indian Mahayana Buddhism. As one of the earliest and certainly the most important of the eighty-four eccentric yogis known as the "great adepts" (mahasiddhas), he is as seminal and radical a figure in the tantric tradition as Nagarjuna is in the tradition of sutra-based Mahayana philosophy.l His corpus of what might (with a nod to Blake) be called "songs of experience," in such forms as the doha, caryagiti and vajragiti, profoundly influenced generations of Indian, and then Tibetan, tantric practitioners and poets, above all those who concerned themselves with experience of Maha- mudra, the "Great Seal," or "Great Symbol," about which Saraha wrote so much. -
YESHE MELONG “Mirror of Wisdom” NEWSLETTER April 1998
YESHE MELONG “Mirror of Wisdom” NEWSLETTER April 1998 News and Advice from Gyatrul Rinpoche A Brief Prayer that Spontaneously Fulfills All Wishes EMAHO! KON CHOG TSA SUM DE SHEK KUN DÜ PAL NYIK DÜ DRO WA GON MED KYAB CHIG PU TÜK JE LÖG TAR NYUR WA’I TÖD TRENG TSAL MAHA GURU PEDMA HERUKAR MÖ GÜ DÜNG SHÜK DRAG PÖ SOL WA DEB DRA DON GEK DANG BAR CHED JAD PUR LOK MA RÜNG GYAL SEN JÜNG PO DAM LA TOK SAM PA LHÜN GYI DRÜB PAR CHIN GYI LOB EMAHO! O Guru Rinpoche, in your glory you embody Buddha, Dharma and Sangha; Lama, Yidam and Khandro; and all the Sugatas, the sole refuge of beings, who are without protection in this dark age. Your compassion is as swift as lightening, Töd Treng Tsal. Maha Guru, wrathful Pedma Heruka, with fervent longing and devotion, we pray to you. Avert enemies, obstructing forces, obstacle-makers, curses and spells. Bring all negative forces—gyalpo, senmo and jungpo demons—under your subjugation. Grant your blessings so that all our wishes be spontaneously fulfilled! Tashi Delek! The old Fire Ox has gone away. He’s wagging his tail at us, therefore we are getting lots of stormy weather from East to West. Hopefully we’ll make it out okay because now the golden Earth Tiger is here. So, I’d like to say to everyone, “Happy New Year!” I am in Hawaii now, everything is fine. My feet are getting better, but I still have a slight problem with my shoulder. Everyday I swim with the fish, and I have lots of friends—mostly around three-years-old—that I play with in the water. -
Cutty Sark Fire: Latest Update Preserving the Digital Heritage
Gabo Trust Travelling IIC Listings Out of the ashes Scholarships See the back page for Tatjana Bayerova reports IIC announces new the comprehensive listings on saving a 9th century award for sculpture including job vacancies Buddhist temple after it was conservators and conferences gutted by fire (centre spread) No.1, August 2007 Cutty Sark fire: latest update Cutty Sark Trust Preserving the digital heritage Conservators have been aware for some time that our increasing reliance on digital documents is a pressing issue: most major libraries and archives have departments devoted to digital preservation, and there are many organisations working to save such digital ephemera as old websites, computer art and video games. Several recent developments suggest that other organisations are now starting to take up the challenge of preserving our digital heritage. Microsoft announced in July that it was joining forces with the UK’s National Archives (NA) to assist in the preservation of millions of digital records. Many of these records are stored in obsolete file formats and can only be read with software that is no longer available. Microsoft has provided the NA with software that emulates earlier operating systems and applications, allowing access to files in outdated formats. “The ephemeral nature of digital information, resulting from the rapid evolution of technology, is a major challenge An aerial image of the main deck showing the extent of the fire. It remains to be seen how much damage the ironwork has sustained facing government and our society today,” says Natalie Ceeney, Chief Executive of Early in the morning of 21 May, the There has been a great deal of discussion The big question is how much of the the NA. -
Learn Tibetan & Study Buddhism
fpmt Mandala BLISSFUL RAYS OF THE MANDALA IN THE SERVICE OF OTHERS JULY - SEPTEMBER 2012 TEACHING A GOOD HEART: FPMT REGISTERED TEACHERS THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FOUNDATION FOR THE PRESERVATION OF THE MAHAYANA TRADITION Wisdom Publications Delve into the heart of emptiness. INSIGHT INTO EMPTINESS Khensur Jampa Tegchok Edited by Thubten Chodron A former abbot of Sera Monastic University, Khensur Jampa Tegchok here unpacks with great erudi- tion Buddhism’s animating philosophical principle—the emptiness of all appearances. “Khensur Rinpoche Jampa Tegchok is renowned for his keen understanding of philosophy, and of Madhyamaka in particular. Here you will find vital points and reasoning for a clear understanding of emptiness.”—Lama Zopa Rinpoche, author of How to Be Happy 9781614290131 “This is one of the best introductions to the philosophy of emptiness 336 pages | $18.95 I have ever read.”—José Ignacio Cabezón, Dalai Lama Professor and eBook 9781614290223 Chair, Religious Studies Department, UC Santa Barbara Wisdom Essentials JOURNEY TO CERTAINTY The Quintessence of the Dzogchen View: An Exploration of Mipham’s Beacon of Certainty Anyen Rinpoche Translated and edited by Allison Choying Zangmo Approachable yet sophisticated, this book takes the reader on a gently guided tour of one of the most important texts Tibetan Buddhism has to offer. “Anyen Rinpoche flawlessly presents the reader with the unique perspective that belongs to a true scholar-yogi. A must-read for philosophers and practitioners.” —Erik Pema Kunsang, author of Wellsprings of the Great Perfection and 9781614290094 248 pages | $17.95 compiler of Blazing Splendor eBook 9781614290179 ESSENTIAL MIND TRAINING Thupten Jinpa “The clarity and raw power of these thousand-year-old teachings of the great Kadampa masters are astonishingly fresh.”—Buddhadharma “This volume can break new ground in bridging the ancient wisdom of Buddhism with the cutting-edge positive psychology of happiness.” —B. -
The Theosophist
THE THEOSOPHIST VOL. 135 NO. 7 APRIL 2014 CONTENTS On the Watch-Tower 3 M. P. Singhal The many lives of Siddhartha 7 Mary Anderson The Voice of the Silence — II 13 Clara Codd Charles Webster Leadbeater and Adyar Day 18 Sunita Maithreya Regenerating Wisdom 21 Krishnaphani Spiritual Ascent of Man in Secret Doctrine 28 M. A. Raveendran The Urgency for a New Mind 32 Ricardo Lindemann International Directory 38 Editor: Mr M. P. Singhal NOTE: Articles for publication in The Theosophist should be sent to the Editorial Office. Cover: Common Hoope, Adyar —A. Chandrasekaran Official organ of the President, founded by H. P. Blavatsky, 1879. The Theosophical Society is responsible only for official notices appearing in this magazine. 1 THE THEOSOPHICAL SOCIETY Founded 17 November 1875 President: Vice-President: Mr M. P. Singhal Secretary: Dr Chittaranjan Satapathy Treasurer: Mr T. S. Jambunathan Headquarters: ADYAR, CHENNAI (MADRAS) 600 020, INDIA Secretary: [email protected] Treasury: [email protected] Adyar Library and Research Centre: [email protected] Theosophical Publishing House: [email protected] & [email protected] Fax: (+91-44) 2490-1399 Editorial Office: [email protected] Website: http://www.ts-adyar.org The Theosophical Society is composed of students, belonging to any religion in the world or to none, who are united by their approval of the Society’s Objects, by their wish to remove religious antagonisms and to draw together men of goodwill, whatsoever their religious opinions, and by their desire to study religious truths and to share the results of their studies with others. Their bond of union is not the profession of a common belief, but a common search and aspiration for Truth. -
00-Title JIABU (V.11 No.1)
The Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Universities (JIABU) Vol. 11 No.1 (January – June 2018) Aims and Scope The Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Universities is an academic journal published twice a year (1st issue January-June, 2nd issue July-December). It aims to promote research and disseminate academic and research articles for researchers, academicians, lecturers and graduate students. The Journal focuses on Buddhism, Sociology, Liberal Arts and Multidisciplinary of Humanities and Social Sciences. All the articles published are peer-reviewed by at least two experts. The articles, submitted for The Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Universities, should not be previously published or under consideration of any other journals. The author should carefully follow the submission instructions of The Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Universities including the reference style and format. Views and opinions expressed in the articles published by The Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Universities, are of responsibility by such authors but not the editors and do not necessarily refl ect those of the editors. Advisors The Most Venerable Prof. Dr. Phra Brahmapundit Rector, Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, Thailand The Most Venerable Xue Chen Vice President, Buddhist Association of China & Buddhist Academy of China The Most Venerable Dr. Ashin Nyanissara Chancellor, Sitagu International Buddhist Academy, Myanmar Executive Editor Ven. Prof. Dr. Phra Rajapariyatkavi Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, Thailand ii JIABU | Vol. 11 No.1 (January – June 2018) Chief Editor Ven. Phra Weerasak Jayadhammo (Suwannawong) International Buddhist Studies College (IBSC), Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, Thailand Editorial Team Ven. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Phramaha Hansa Dhammahaso Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University, Thailand Prof. -
Buddhist " Protestantism" in Poland
Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe Volume 13 Issue 2 Article 5 4-1993 Buddhist " Protestantism" in Poland Malgorzata Alblamowicz-Borri University of Paris Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/ree Part of the Christianity Commons, and the Eastern European Studies Commons Recommended Citation Alblamowicz-Borri, Malgorzata (1993) "Buddhist " Protestantism" in Poland," Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe: Vol. 13 : Iss. 2 , Article 5. Available at: https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/ree/vol13/iss2/5 This Article, Exploration, or Report is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ George Fox University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ George Fox University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BUDDHIST "PROTESTANTISM" IN POLAND by Malgorzata Ablamowicz - Borri Malgorzata Ablamowicz - Borri (Buddhist) received a master's degree at Universite de Paris X. This article is an resumme of her thesis.1 She also presented this topic at the UNESCO at the Tenth Congress of Buddhist Studies iti Paris, July 18-21, 1991. Currently she lives in Santa Barbara, California. I. Phases of Assimilation of Buddhism in the Occident I propose to divide the assimilation of Buddhism in the Occident into three phases: 1. The first phase was essentially intellectual; Buddhist texts were translated and submitted to philosophical analysis. In Poland, this phase appeared after World War I when Poland gained independence. Under the leadership of Andrzej Gawronski, Stanislaw Schayer, Stanislaw Stasiak, Arnold Kunst, Jan Jaworski and others, the Polish tradition of Buddhist studies formed mainly in two study centers, Lwow (now in Ukraine) and Warsaw. -
TRANSFORMATION THROUGH Were Not Laughing at Me, but with Me ART in My Ignorance and Joy and Zeal and Continued from Page 1 Enthusiasm
mLioiiPO Box 6483, Ithaca, NY 14851 607-273-8519 SPRING 1999 NEWSLETTER & CATALOG '..' -tx SETTLING b CELEBRATION d INTO AMERICA: SALE! PART TWO 10% off every item Interviews with the in this catalog Four Tibetan Employees W e invite you to take advantage of this first ever opportunity to at Snow Lion save 10% on every item that you purchase from us until July 15th— this includes statues, thangkas—everything. You might also Win a Guided Tour to Tibet and Nepal in 2000—just tell us with your KARMA DORJEE ther either. I don't even know what order that you want to be entered in the Tibet trip contest. (If an item is already marked "on sale", use that sale price—we have a Karma Dorjee has a degree in eco- my parents looked like. I only knew number of specially priced items for you to consider.) nomics from the University of my father when I was very little. My Your direct purchases make possible the publication of new Mysore. In Dharamsala, India he sister told me that he worked as a books on Tibetan Buddhism. Since we have many excellent projects worked as a loan officer for the Ti- "dopso"—that's a stone carver, a scheduled for 1999, we especially appreciate your support! ■ betan Government-in-Exile. He builder. Looking back now, I can see worked for three years as treasurer that I would never want my own for the Tibetan Association of Ithaca. daughter to miss out on the love that Karma is in charge of purchase order- I missed frmjny parents growing up. -
Buddhist and Existential Perspectives
ON THE QUESTION OF SANITY: BUDDHIST AND EXISTENTIAL PERSPECTIVES G. Kenneth Bradford, Ph.D. Lafayette, California ABSTRACT: Psychological diagnosis presumes an understanding of mental health and mental order, on the basis of which it is possible to discern pathological deviations of mental illness and mental disorders. The field of psychodiagnosis, however, has no such agreed upon understanding, thus lacking in both scientific and philosophical grounding. The article addresses this lack by exploring the question of sanity itself, distinguishing between relative, social constructions of sanity and the nature of basic, unconstructed sanity. The thought of Martin Heidegger and Chogyam Trungpa is amplified by Buddhist-Dzogchen understandings of natural wakefulness in fleshing out this inquiry. I tell you: one must harbor chaos if one would give birth to a dancing star. – Friedrich Nietzsche (1969/1891, p. 46) We live in illusion and the appearance of things. There is a reality. We are that reality. When you understand this, you see that you are nothing, and being nothing, you are everything. That is all. – Kalu Rinpoche (2012) This discussion completes an inquiry I began in two previous articles addressing the theory and practice of psychological diagnosis. Drawing upon an ever-growing body of research critiquing the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) (Healy, 1997; Horowitz & Wakefield, 2007; Hutchins, 2002; Ingersoll, 2002; Jerry, 2003; Lukoff, Lu, & Turner, 1998, for example), I described the fundamental flaws of the DSM on the basis of its own empirical scientific criteria, finding it to be both unreliable and invalid as a diagnostic instrument (Bradford, 2010). As an empirical manual, it fails on its own merits to fulfill the purpose for which it was designed and should either be discarded outright or wholly revised. -
Generate an Increasingly Nuanced Understanding of Its Teachings
H-Buddhism Sorensen on Labdrön, 'Machik's Complete Explanation: Clarifying the Meaning of Chöd: A Complete Explanation of Casting Out the Body as Food' Review published on Friday, September 1, 2006 Machig Labdrön. Machik's Complete Explanation: Clarifying the Meaning of Chöd: A Complete Explanation of Casting Out the Body as Food. Ithaca: Snow Lion, 2003. 365 pp. $29.95 (cloth), ISBN 978-1-55939-182-5. Reviewed by Michelle Sorensen (Center for Buddhist Studies, Columbia University Department of Religion) Published on H-Buddhism (September, 2006) An Offering of Chöd Machik Labdrön (Ma gcig Lab kyi sgron ma, ca. 1055-1153 C.E.) is revered by Tibetan Buddhists as an exemplary female philosopher-adept, a yogini, a dakini, and even as an embodiment of Prajñ?par?mit?, the Great Mother Perfection of Wisdom. Machik is primarily known for her role in developing and disseminating the "Chöd yul" teachings, one of the "Eight Chariots of the Practice Lineage" in Tibetan Buddhism.[1] Western interest in Chöd began with sensational representations of the practice as a macabre Tibetan Buddhist ritual in ethnographic travel narratives of the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries.[2] Such myopic representations have been ameliorated through later translations of Machik's biography and various ritual manuals, particularly those describing the "banquet offerings."[3] Since Western translators have privileged the genres of biographical and ritual texts, the richness of indigenous materials on Chöd (both in terms of quantity and quality) has been obscured.[4] This problem has been redressed by Sarah Harding's translation of Machik's Complete Explanation [Phung po gzan skyur gyi rnam bshad gcod kyi don gsal byed], one of the most comprehensive written texts extant within the Chöd tradition.