Oxen: Engines of Overland Emigration
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Oregon Historic Trails Report Book (1998)
i ,' o () (\ ô OnBcox HrsroRrc Tnans Rpponr ô o o o. o o o o (--) -,J arJ-- ö o {" , ã. |¡ t I o t o I I r- L L L L L (- Presented by the Oregon Trails Coordinating Council L , May,I998 U (- Compiled by Karen Bassett, Jim Renner, and Joyce White. Copyright @ 1998 Oregon Trails Coordinating Council Salem, Oregon All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Oregon Historic Trails Report Table of Contents Executive summary 1 Project history 3 Introduction to Oregon's Historic Trails 7 Oregon's National Historic Trails 11 Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail I3 Oregon National Historic Trail. 27 Applegate National Historic Trail .41 Nez Perce National Historic Trail .63 Oregon's Historic Trails 75 Klamath Trail, 19th Century 17 Jedediah Smith Route, 1828 81 Nathaniel Wyeth Route, t83211834 99 Benjamin Bonneville Route, 1 833/1 834 .. 115 Ewing Young Route, 1834/1837 .. t29 V/hitman Mission Route, 184l-1847 . .. t4t Upper Columbia River Route, 1841-1851 .. 167 John Fremont Route, 1843 .. 183 Meek Cutoff, 1845 .. 199 Cutoff to the Barlow Road, 1848-1884 217 Free Emigrant Road, 1853 225 Santiam Wagon Road, 1865-1939 233 General recommendations . 241 Product development guidelines 243 Acknowledgements 241 Lewis & Clark OREGON National Historic Trail, 1804-1806 I I t . .....¡.. ,r la RivaÌ ï L (t ¡ ...--."f Pðiräldton r,i " 'f Route description I (_-- tt |". -
The Mormon Trail
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All USU Press Publications USU Press 2006 The Mormon Trail William E. Hill Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/usupress_pubs Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Hill, W. E. (1996). The Mormon Trail: Yesterday and today. Logan, Utah: Utah State University Press. This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the USU Press at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All USU Press Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE MORMON TRAIL Yesterday and Today Number: 223 Orig: 26.5 x 38.5 Crop: 26.5 x 36 Scale: 100% Final: 26.5 x 36 BRIGHAM YOUNG—From Piercy’s Route from Liverpool to Great Salt Lake Valley Brigham Young was one of the early converts to helped to organize the exodus from Nauvoo in Mormonism who joined in 1832. He moved to 1846, led the first Mormon pioneers from Win- Kirtland, was a member of Zion’s Camp in ter Quarters to Salt Lake in 1847, and again led 1834, and became a member of the first Quo- the 1848 migration. He was sustained as the sec- rum of Twelve Apostles in 1835. He served as a ond president of the Mormon Church in 1847, missionary to England. After the death of became the territorial governor of Utah in 1850, Joseph Smith in 1844, he was the senior apostle and continued to lead the Mormon Church and became leader of the Mormon Church. -
Free Land Attracted Many Colonists to Texas in 1840S 3-29-92 “No Quitting Sense” We Claim Is Typically Texas
“Between the Creeks” Gwen Pettit This is a compilation of weekly newspaper columns on local history written by Gwen Pettit during 1986-1992 for the Allen Leader and the Allen American in Allen, Texas. Most of these articles were initially written and published, then run again later with changes and additions made. I compiled these articles from the Allen American on microfilm at the Allen Public Library and from the Allen Leader newspapers provided by Mike Williams. Then, I typed them into the computer and indexed them in 2006-07. Lois Curtis and then Rick Mann, Managing Editor of the Allen American gave permission for them to be reprinted on April 30, 2007, [email protected]. Please, contact me to obtain a free copy on a CD. I have given a copy of this to the Allen Public Library, the Harrington Library in Plano, the McKinney Library, the Allen Independent School District and the Lovejoy School District. Tom Keener of the Allen Heritage Guild has better copies of all these photographs and is currently working on an Allen history book. Keener offices at the Allen Public Library. Gwen was a longtime Allen resident with an avid interest in this area’s history. Some of her sources were: Pioneering in North Texas by Capt. Roy and Helen Hall, The History of Collin County by Stambaugh & Stambaugh, The Brown Papers by George Pearis Brown, The Peters Colony of Texas by Seymour V. Conner, Collin County census & tax records and verbal history from local long-time residents of the county. She does not document all of her sources. -
List of Horse Breeds 1 List of Horse Breeds
List of horse breeds 1 List of horse breeds This page is a list of horse and pony breeds, and also includes terms used to describe types of horse that are not breeds but are commonly mistaken for breeds. While there is no scientifically accepted definition of the term "breed,"[1] a breed is defined generally as having distinct true-breeding characteristics over a number of generations; its members may be called "purebred". In most cases, bloodlines of horse breeds are recorded with a breed registry. However, in horses, the concept is somewhat flexible, as open stud books are created for developing horse breeds that are not yet fully true-breeding. Registries also are considered the authority as to whether a given breed is listed as Light or saddle horse breeds a "horse" or a "pony". There are also a number of "color breed", sport horse, and gaited horse registries for horses with various phenotypes or other traits, which admit any animal fitting a given set of physical characteristics, even if there is little or no evidence of the trait being a true-breeding characteristic. Other recording entities or specialty organizations may recognize horses from multiple breeds, thus, for the purposes of this article, such animals are classified as a "type" rather than a "breed". The breeds and types listed here are those that already have a Wikipedia article. For a more extensive list, see the List of all horse breeds in DAD-IS. Heavy or draft horse breeds For additional information, see horse breed, horse breeding and the individual articles listed below. -
Division F – Jr. Fair Equine
EFFECTIVE JAN. 1, 2019 Junior Fair Rules, Regulations, and Livestock Sections Division F – Jr. Fair Equine Key Leader: Samantha Seidenstricker Senior Fair Board: Junior Fair Board: Dates: Mandatory Equine Meeting* Saturday July 10, 2021 12:00pm English Classes Monday July 12, 2021 10am Western Riding & Contesting Classes Tuesday July 13, 202110am Donkey Show (First Half) Wednesday July 14, 2021 10pm Horse/Donkey Freestyle Riding** Wednesday July 14, 2021 5pm Donkey Show (Second Half) Thursday July 15, 2021 10am Trail Classes Thursday July 15, 2021 following Donkey Show Dressage Event Friday July 16, 2021 10am Versatility Friday, July 16, 2021 following Dressage Equine Fun Show*** Saturday July 17, 2021 10am *Equine meeting will be held at the Horse Area Announcer Stand. Exhibitor and one parent/guardian are required to sign-in. Club assignments will be handed out at that time. **Registration and Music CD is due to Key Leader by Saturday July 6, 2019. Songs can be no more than 3 minutes in length and cannot contain any explicit language or innuendo. Complete rules are available at the extension office. Divisions: Monday 10am English Classes 601Easy-Gaited/Standardbred Showmanship E/W Horse/Pony 14-18▼ 602 Easy-Gaited/Standardbred Showmanship – E/W Horse/Pony 8-13 ▼ 603 Saddleseat Showmanship – Horse/Pony 14- 18 ● 604 Saddleseat Showmanship– Horse/Pony 8-13 ● 605 Saddleseat Showmanship – Horse/Pony W/T 606 Saddle Type Halter - Horse/Pony 14-18 ● 609 Saddle Type Halter - Horse/Pony 8-13 ● 610 Hunter In Hand Showmanship – Horse/Pony 14-18 ■ 611 Hunter In Hand Showmanship – Horse/Pony 8-13 ■ MADISON COUNTY FAIR 42 EFFECTIVE JAN. -
"The Who Sings My Generation" (Album)
“The Who Sings My Generation”—The Who (1966) Added to the National Registry: 2008 Essay by Cary O’Dell Original album Original label The Who Founded in England in 1964, Roger Daltrey, Pete Townshend, John Entwistle, and Keith Moon are, collectively, better known as The Who. As a group on the pop-rock landscape, it’s been said that The Who occupy a rebel ground somewhere between the Beatles and the Rolling Stones, while, at the same time, proving to be innovative, iconoclastic and progressive all on their own. We can thank them for various now- standard rock affectations: the heightened level of decadence in rock (smashed guitars and exploding drum kits, among other now almost clichéd antics); making greater use of synthesizers in popular music; taking American R&B into a decidedly punk direction; and even formulating the idea of the once oxymoronic sounding “rock opera.” Almost all these elements are evident on The Who’s debut album, 1966’s “The Who Sings My Generation.” Though the band—back when they were known as The High Numbers—had a minor English hit in 1964 with the singles “I’m the Face”/”Zoot Suit,” it wouldn’t be until ’66 and the release of “My Generation” that the world got a true what’s what from The Who. “Generation,” steam- powered by its title tune and timeless lyric of “I hope I die before I get old,” “Generation” is a song cycle worthy of its inclusive name. Twelve tracks make up the album: “I Don’t Mind,” “The Good’s Gone,” “La-La-La Lies,” “Much Too Much,” “My Generation,” “The Kids Are Alright,” “Please, Please, Please,” “It’s Not True,” “The Ox,” “A Legal Matter” and “Instant Party.” Allmusic.com summarizes the album appropriately: An explosive debut, and the hardest mod pop recorded by anyone. -
Montana 4-H / Open Ranch Horse RULES for Competitions 1
Montana 4-H / Open Ranch Horse RULES for Competitions 1. Project Overview The Montana 4-H Working Ranch Horse Project is a heritage based, activity rich program designed to pass on to today’s youth traditional practices of safe livestock handling from horseback. This is not a rodeo project, but instead a practical and exciting opportunity for youth to use horses for handling, sorting and moving cattle. This project also teaches mounted roping skills as a humane and useful livestock handling tool as well as branding techniques, housing and care of cattle and horses. Like all 4-H projects, Working Ranch Horse members will develop the qualities of leadership and responsibility that come with being engaged in 4-H. In today’s world, managing cattle from horseback is a disappearing tradition. Ranches are increasingly automated, using four-wheelers and other machines instead of horses. Many of the skills once learned for necessity are being lost. The 4-H Working Ranch Horse Program is designed to teach and preserve the age-old skills and traditions. 2. General Event Rules a. The intent of the competitions is to display your ability to perform ranch work type tasks while working horseback and showing CONTROL and SAFETY at all times. For example: Control is shown in horsemanship through responsiveness to rider cues. In cow work the intent is to work the cow in a calm manner as you would on a ranch (only as much pressure as needed to gain control of the cow). A trail class is an opportunity to display the ability for a person to work safely around and on-top a horse. -
Award Winning Books(Available at Klahowya SS Library) Michael Printz, Pulitzer Prize, National Book, Evergreen Book, Hugo, Edgar and Pen/Faulkner Awards
Award Winning Books(Available at Klahowya SS Library) Michael Printz, Pulitzer Prize, National Book, Evergreen Book, Hugo, Edgar and Pen/Faulkner Awards Updated 5/2014 Michael Printz Award Michael Printz Award continued… American Library Association award that recognizes best book written for teens based 2008 Honor book: Dreamquake: Book Two of the entirely on literary merit. Dreamhunter Duet by Elizabeth Knox 2014 2007 Midwinter Blood American Born Chinese (Graphic Novel) Call #: FIC SED Sedgwick, Marcus Call #: GN 741.5 YAN Yang, Gene Luen Honor Books: Aristotle and Dante Discover the Secrets Honor Books: of the Universe by Benjamin Alire Sáenz; Code Name The Astonishing Life of Octavian Nothing, Traitor to Verity by Elizabeth Wein; Dodger by Terry Pratchett the Nation; v. 1: The Pox Party, by M.T. Anderson; An Abundance of Katherines, by John Green; 2013 Surrender, by Sonya Hartnett; The Book Thief, by In Darkness Markus Zusak Call #: FIC LAD Lake, Nick 2006 Honor Book: The Scorpio Races, by Maggie Stiefvater Looking for Alaska : a novel Call #: FIC GRE Green, John 2012 Where Things Come Back: a novel Honor Book: I Am the Messenger , by Markus Zusak Call #: FIC WHA Whaley, John Corey 2011 2005 Ship Breaker How I Live Now Call #: FIC BAC Bacigalupi, Paolo Call #: FIC ROS Rosoff, Meg Honor Book: Stolen by Lucy Christopher Honor Books: Airborn, by Kenneth Oppel; Chanda’s 2010 Secrets, by Allan Stratton; Lizzie Bright and the Buckminster Boy, by Gary D. Schmidt Going Bovine Call #: FIC BRA Bray, Libba 2004 The First Part Last Honor Books: The Astonishing Life of Octavian Nothing, Call #: FIC JOH Johnson, Angela Traitor to the Nation, Vol. -
A Historical and Legal Study of Sovereignty in the Canadian North : Terrestrial Sovereignty, 1870–1939
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository University of Calgary Press University of Calgary Press Open Access Books 2014 A historical and legal study of sovereignty in the Canadian north : terrestrial sovereignty, 1870–1939 Smith, Gordon W. University of Calgary Press "A historical and legal study of sovereignty in the Canadian north : terrestrial sovereignty, 1870–1939", Gordon W. Smith; edited by P. Whitney Lackenbauer. University of Calgary Press, Calgary, Alberta, 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/1880/50251 book http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 International Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca A HISTORICAL AND LEGAL STUDY OF SOVEREIGNTY IN THE CANADIAN NORTH: TERRESTRIAL SOVEREIGNTY, 1870–1939 By Gordon W. Smith, Edited by P. Whitney Lackenbauer ISBN 978-1-55238-774-0 THIS BOOK IS AN OPEN ACCESS E-BOOK. It is an electronic version of a book that can be purchased in physical form through any bookseller or on-line retailer, or from our distributors. Please support this open access publication by requesting that your university purchase a print copy of this book, or by purchasing a copy yourself. If you have any questions, please contact us at ucpress@ ucalgary.ca Cover Art: The artwork on the cover of this book is not open access and falls under traditional copyright provisions; it cannot be reproduced in any way without written permission of the artists and their agents. The cover can be displayed as a complete cover image for the purposes of publicizing this work, but the artwork cannot be extracted from the context of the cover of this specificwork without breaching the artist’s copyright. -
THE OREGON TRAIL Many People Who Migrated to the Western Part of the United States Took a Major Route Known As the Oregon Trail
THE OREGON TRAIL Many people who migrated to the western part of the United States took a major route known as the Oregon Trail. Hundreds of thousands of people traveled westward on the trail from 1841 to 1869. Many made the journey in large covered wagon trains. ROUTE The Oregon Trail stretched around 2,000 miles, starting in Independence, Missouri and ending in Oregon City, Oregon. The route went through six different states including Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, Wyoming, Idaho, and Oregon. Travelers were faced with rough terrain like the Rocky Mountains and Sierra Nevada Mountains. It took about 5 months to make the journey along the Oregon Trail. MOTIVATION Why leave home and travel 2,000 miles to settle unknown land? Many pioneers sought to escape overcrowding and poverty in their cities in the eastern United States. Some were escaping crimes or creditors. Others wanted land of their own, made possible by the Homestead Act, which allowed all citizens to obtain 160 acres for free. Some were encouraged to join friends or family who had already moved west. WAGONS Covered wagons were the main vehicle used to carry pioneers’ belongings. Most pioneers purchased modified or manufactured wagons designed for the trip. Wagons were sometimes known as “Prairie Schooners” because they were like boats traveling over the prairies of the western United States. The wagons were made from wood. Iron was placed around the wheels, like tires. Waterproof cotton or linen canvas was used to make wagon covers. Most wagons were around 10 feet long and four feet wide. Oxen were typically used to pull the wagons. -
The Outlaws of the Marsh
The Outlaws of the Marsh Shi Nai'an and Luo Guanzhong The Outlaws of the Marsh Shi Nai'an and Luo Guanzhong • Chapter 1 Zhang the Divine Teacher Prays to Dispel a Plague Marshal Hong Releases Demons by Mistake • Chapter 2 Arms Instructor Wang Goes Secretly to Yanan Prefecture Nine Dragons Shi Jin Wreaks Havoc in Shi Family Village • Chapter 3 Master Shi Leaves Huayin County at Night Major Lu Pummels the Lord of the West • Chapter 4 Sagacious Lu Puts Mount Wutai in an Uproar Squire Zhao Repairs Wenshu Monastery • Chapter 5 Drunk, the Little King Raises the Gold−Spangled Bed Curtains Lu the Tattooed Monk Throws Peach Blossom Village into Confusion • Chapter 6 Nine Dragons Shi Jin Robs in Red Pine Forest Sagacious Lu Burns Down Waguan Monastery • Chapter 7 The Tattooed Monk Uproots a Willow Tree Lin Chong Enters White Tiger Inner Sanctum by Mistake • Chapter 8 Arms Instructor Lin Is Tattooed and Exiled to Cangzhou Sagacious Lu Makes a Shambles of Wild Boar Forest • Chapter 9 Chai Jin Keeps Open House for All Bold Men Lin Chong Defeats Instructor Hong in a Bout with Staves • Chapter 10 Lin Chong Shelters from the Snowstorm in the Mountain Spirit Temple Captain Lu Qian Sets Fire to the Fodder Depot • Chapter 11 Zhu Gui Shoots a Signal Arrow from the Lakeside Pavilion Lin Chong Climbs Mount Liangshan in the Snowy Night • Chapter 12 Lin Chong Joins the Bandits in Liangshan Marsh Yang Zhi Sells His Sword in the Eastern Capital • Chapter 13 The Blue−Faced Beast Battles in the Northern Capital Urgent Vanguard Vies for Honors on the Training Field -
Reindeer Grazing Permits on the Seward Peninsula
U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management Anchorage Field Office 4700 BLM Road Anchorage, Alaska 99507 http://www.blm.gov/ak/st/en/fo/ado.html Environmental Assessment: DOI-BLM-AK-010-2009-0007-EA Reindeer Grazing Permits on the Seward Peninsula Applicant: Clark Davis Case File No.: F-035186 Applicant: Fred Goodhope Case File No.: F-030183 Applicant: Thomas Gray Case File No.: FF-024210 Applicant: Nathan Hadley Case File No.: FF-085605 Applicant: Merlin Henry Case File No.: F-030387 Applicant: Harry Karmun Case File No. : F-030432 Applicant: Julia Lee Case File No.: F-030165 Applicant: Roger Menadelook Case File No.: FF-085288 Applicant: James Noyakuk Case File No.: FF-019442 Applicant: Leonard Olanna Case File No.: FF-011729 Applicant: Faye Ongtowasruk Case File No.: FF-000898 Applicant: Palmer Sagoonick Case File No.: FF-000839 Applicant: Douglas Sheldon Case File No.: FF-085604 Applicant: John A. Walker Case File No.: FF-087313 Applicant: Clifford Weyiouanna Case File No.: FF-011516 Location: Bureau of Land Management lands on the Seward Peninsula Prepared By: BLM, Anchorage Field Office, Resources Branch December 2008 DECISION RECORD and FINDING OF NO SIGNIFICANT IMPACT I. Decision: It is my decision to issue ten-year grazing permits on Bureau of Land Management lands to reindeer herders on the Seward and Baldwin peninsulas, Alaska. The permits shall be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in Alternative B of the attached Reindeer Grazing Programmatic Environmental Assessment. II. Rationale for the Decision: The Reindeer Industry Act of 1937, 500 Stat. 900, authorizes the Secretary’s regulation of reindeer grazing on Federal public lands on the peninsulas.