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ISSN 1538-2834 JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST ANTHROPOLOGY Aboriginal Economy and Polity of the Lakes (Senijextee) Indians Verne F. Ray, with endnote by Madilane Perry ................................................... 145 Berkeley Rockshelter Lithics: Understanding the Late Holocene Use of the Mount Rainier Area Bradford W. Andrews, Kipp O. Godfrey, and Greg C. Burtchard ....................... 167 Eagle Gorge Terrace (45-KI-1083) an Upland Hunting Camp and Its Place in the Economic Lives of the Precontact Puget Salish James C. Chatters and Jason B. Cooper ............................................................... 192 Chemical Analysis of Pharmaceutical Materials Recovered from a Historical Dump in Nampa, Idaho Ray von Wandruszka, David Valentine, Mark Warner, Vaughn Kimball, Tara Summer, Alicia Fink, and Sidney Hunter .................................................... 212 Skeletal Evidence of Pre-contact Conflict Among Native Groups in the Columbia Plateau of the Pacific Northwest Ryan P. Harrod and Donald E. Tyler ................................................................... 228 The Holocene Exploitation and Occurrence of Artiodactyls in the Clearwater and Lower Snake River Regions of Idaho Jenifer C. Chadez ................................................................................................. 265 Abstracts of the 68th Annual Meeting of the Northwest Anthropological Conference, Eugene, Oregon 26–28 March 2015 .................................................... 276 Fall 2016 Vol. 50, No. 2 Journal of Northwest Anthropology Volume 50, Number 2 Fall 2016 Richland, WA JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST ANTHROPOLOGY FORMERLY NORTHWEST ANTHROPOLOGICAL RESEARCH NOTES EDITORS Darby C. Stapp Deward E. Walker, Jr. Richland, WA University of Colorado ASSOCIATE EDITORS C. Melvin Aikens (University of Oregon), Haruo Aoki (University of California), Virginia Beavert (Yakama Nation), Don E. Dumond (University of Oregon), Don D. Fowler (University of Nevada), Raymond D. Fogelson (University of Chicago), Rodney Frey (University of Idaho), Ronald Halfmoon (Lapwai), Tom F.S. McFeat (University of Toronto), and Jay Miller (Lushootseed Research) Julia G. Longenecker Operations Manager Kara N. Powers Editorial Assistant Heather Hansen Production Assistant Composed by Northwest Anthropology LLC, Richland, WA; Printed by CreateSpace. Missing issue claim limit 18 months. For back issues and catalogue of prices contact Coyote Press, P O Box 3377, Salinas, CA 93912. <http://www.californiaprehistory.com> POLICY Journal of Northwest Anthropology, published semiannually by Northwest Anthropology LLC, in Richland, Washington, is a refereed journal and welcomes contributions of professional quality dealing with anthropological research in northwestern North America. Regular issues are published semiannually. Theoretical and interpretive studies and bibliographic works are preferred, although highly descriptive studies will be considered if they are theoretically significant. The primary criterion guiding selection of papers will be how much new research they can be expected to stimulate or facilitate. SUBSCRIPTIONS The subscription price is $45.00 U.S. per annum for individuals and small firms, $60.00 for institutional subscriptions, $30.00 for students with proof of student status, and $25.00 for all electronic subscriptions; payable in advance. Remittance should be made payable to Northwest Anthropology LLC. Subscriptions, manuscripts, change of address, and all other correspondence should be addressed to: Darby C. Stapp Journal of Northwest Anthropology telephone (509) 554-0441 P.O. Box 1721 e-mail [email protected] Richland, WA 99352-1721 website www.northwestanthropology.com MANUSCRIPTS Manuscripts can be submitted in an electronic file in Microsoft Word sent via e-mail or on a CD to the Richland, WA, office. An abstract must accompany each manuscript. Footnotes will be avoided and if used at all will be assembled at the end of the text. Questions of reference and style can be answered by referring to the style guide found on the website or to Journal of Northwest Anthropology, 47(1):109–118. Other problems of style can be normally solved through reference to The Manual of Style, University of Chicago Press. All illustrative materials (drawings, maps, diagrams, charts, and plates) will be designated “Figures” in a single, numbered series and will not exceed 6 x 9 inches. All tabular material will be part of a separately numbered series of “Tables.” Authors will receive one free reprint of articles, memoirs, or full-issue monographs. Additional reprints may be produced by the author; however, they must be exact duplicates of the original and are not to be sold for profit. © by Northwest Anthropology LLC, 2016 The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences–Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984 JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST ANTHROPOLOGY VOLUME 50 DARBY C. STAPP AND DEWARD E. WALKER, JR. EDITORS Number 1 Spring 2016 Tales from the River Bank: An In Situ stone Bowl Found Along the Shores of the Salish Sea on the Southern Northwest Coast of British Columbia Rudy Reimer, Pierre Freile, Kenneth Fath, and John Clague ........................................ 1 Localized Rituals and Individual Spirit Powers: Discerning Regional Autonomy Through Religious Practices in the Coast Salish Past Bill Angelbeck ............................................................................................................... 25 Assessing the Nutritional Value of Freshwater Mussels on the Western Snake River Jeremy W. Johnson and Mark G. Plew .......................................................................... 50 Snoqualmie Falls: The First Traditional Cultural Property in Washington State Listed in the National Register of Historic Places Jay Miller with Kenneth Tollefson ................................................................................ 63 The Archaeology of Obsidian Occurrence in Stone Tool Manufacture and Use Along Two Reaches of the Northern Mid-Columbia River, Washington Sonja C. Kassa and Patrick T. McCutcheon .................................................................. 75 The Right Tool for the Job: Screen Size and Sample Size in Site Detection Bradley Bowden............................................................................................................. 99 Alphonse Louis Pinart Among the Natives of Alaska Richard L. Bland ............................................................................................................ 114 Number 2 Fall 2016 Aboriginal Economy and Polity of the Lakes (Senijextee) Indians Verne F. Ray, with endnote by Madilane Perry ............................................................. 145 Berkeley Rockshelter Lithics: Understanding the Late Holocene Use of the Mount Rainier Area Bradford W. Andrews, Kipp O. Godfrey, and Greg C. Burtchard ................................ 167 Eagle Gorge Terrace (45-KI-1083) an Upland Hunting Camp and Its Place in the Economic Lives of the Precontact Puget Salish James C. Chatters and Jason B. Cooper ....................................................................... 192 Chemical Analysis of Pharmaceutical Materials Recovered from a Historical Dump in Nampa, Idaho Ray von Wandruszka, David Valentine, Mark Warner, Vaughn Kimball, Tara Summer, Alicia Fink, and Sidney Hunter .............................................................. 212 Skeletal Evidence of Pre-contact Conflict Among Native Groups in the Columbia Plateau of the Pacific Northwest Ryan P. Harrod and Donald E. Tyler ............................................................................. 228 The Holocene Exploitation and Occurrence of Artiodactyls in the Clearwater and Lower Snake River Regions of Idaho Jenifer C. Chadez ........................................................................................................... 265 Abstracts of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Northwest Anthropological Conference, Eugene, Oregon 26–28 March 2015 .................................................................... 276 JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST ANTHROPOLOGY VOLUME 50 FALL 2016 NUMBER 2 ABORIGINAL ECONOMY AND POLITY OF THE LAKES (SENIJEXTEE) INDIANS Verne F. Ray (1905–2003) with an Explanatory Endnote by Madilane Perry1 ABSTRACT Verne F. Ray, University of Washington anthropologist, prepared a manuscript on the aboriginal economy and polity of the Lakes (Senijextee) Indians in 1947. For unknown reasons, the manuscript and companion culture element distribution list were never published. Communication that began in the late 1980s with Madilane Perry, an anthropology graduate student from the University of Idaho, eventually led to the sharing of the documents and permission to publish. The Lakes manuscript is published in its entirety as originally prepared. Details concerning the communications between Ray and Perry are provided in an endnote. Note: this article is formatted as it was originally prepared in 1947. ECONOMY Territory. The dividing line between the Lakes Indians and the Colville Indians was very precisely drawn at the point where it crossed the Columbia River. Kettle Falls proper was in the territory of the Colville, but the large island to the north and the adjacent rapids belonged to the Lakes. The line of demarcation crossed the River just below the southern tip of the large island. This island was named kusu'nqᵘ. The small island between the latter and the east bank of the
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