Aamjiwnaang First Nation
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UC Merced Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology
UC Merced Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology Title Murder, Massacre, and Mayhem on the California Coast, 1814 –1815: Newly Translated Russian American Company Documents Reveal Company Concern Over Violent Clashes Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6s42s953 Journal Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology, 34(1) ISSN 0191-3557 Authors Morris, Susan L. Farris, Glenn J. Schwartz, Steven J. et al. Publication Date 2014 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology | Vol. 34, No. 1 (2014) | pp. 81–100 Murder, Massacre, and Mayhem on the California Coast, 1814 –1815: Newly Translated Russian American Company Documents Reveal Company Concern Over Violent Clashes SUSAN L. MORRIS Susan L. Morris Consulting, 155 Rincon Street, Ventura, CA 93001 GLENN J. FARRIS Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2425 Elendil Lane, Davis, CA 95616 STEVEN J. SCHWARTZ Range Sustainability Office, Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division, Point Mugu, CA 93042-5049 IRINA VLADI L. WENDER Department of English, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-3170 BORIS DRALYUK Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1502 The Lone Woman of San Nicolas Island, whose solitary 18‑year stay on an island off the coast of southern California was commemorated in Scott O’Dell’s novel, Island of the Blue Dolphins, has been of considerable interest since she was abandoned on the island in 1835 and brought to Santa Barbara in 1853. We examine one of the factors that may have contributed to the Lone Woman’s abandonment and discuss several newly‑translated Russian American Company (RAC) documents, one of which gives details of a long‑rumored deadly conflict between a Russian‑led crew of Alaskan native otter hunters and the San Nicolas Island natives (Nicoleño). -
The Fur Trade
Meeting of Frontiers Alaska Teaching Unit: The Alaskan Fur Trade Roger Pearson Alaska Geographic Alliance Institute of the North Anchorage, AK Overview: The eastward expansion of the Russian empire into Siberia and America was integrally linked to the fur trade. By the mid-1600’s the Siberian fur trade accounted for approximately 10 percent of Russia’s total revenue. Exploitation of resources, not sustained yield, dominated resource extraction. Consequently, new areas and new resources were constantly needed. Russian America and the sea otter became the easternmost great fur resource frontier for Imperial Russia. This unit utilizes comparative tables, statistical data, maps, original documents, and images to allow students to develop their own impressions of the Russian American fur trade and its impact on the people and landscape. Standards: Geography Standards: Geography 1. Students will use maps and other geographic representations, tools, and technologies to acquire, process, and report information from a spatial perspective. Geography 17. Students will apply geography to interpret the past. Geographic Skills: • Asking geographic Questions • Acquiring geographic information • Organizing geographic information • Analyzing geographic information • Answering geographic questions Historical Thinking Standards: 2. Historical Comprehension: F. Utilize visual and mathematical data presented in charts, tables, pie and bar graphs, flow charts, Venn diagrams, and other graphic organizers. 4. Historical Analysis and Interpretation: C. Interrogate -
Russians' Instructions, Kodiak Island, 1784, 1796
N THE FIRST PERMANENT Library of Congress ORUSSIAN SETTLEMENT IN NORTH AMERICA _____ * Kodiak Island Two documents: 1786, 1794_______ 1786. INSTRUCTIONS from Grigorii Shelikhov, founder of the settlement on Kodiak Okhotsk Island, to Konstantin Samoilov, his chief manager, Kodiak Island Three Saints Bay for managing the colony during Shelikhov’s voyage to Okhotsk, Russia, on business of the Russian- American Company. May 4, 1786. [Excerpts] Map of the Russian Far East and Russian America, 1844 . With the exception of twelve persons who [Karta Ledovitago moria i Vostochnago okeana] are going to the Port of Okhotsk, there are 113 Russians on the island of Kytkak [Kodiak]. When the Tri Sviatitelia [Three Saints] arrives from Okhotsk, the crews should be sent to Kinai and to Shugach. Add as many of the local pacified natives as possible to strengthen the Russians. In this manner we can move faster along the shore of the American mainland to the south toward California. With the strengthening of the Russian companies in this land, try by giving them all possible favors to bring into subjection to the Russian Imperial Throne the Kykhtat, Aliaksa, Kinai and Shugach people. Always take an accurate count of the population, both men and women, detail, Kodiak Island according to clans. When the above mentioned natives are subjugated, every one of them must be told that people who are loyal and reliable will prosper under the rule of our Empress, but that all rebels will be totally exterminated by Her strong hand. The purpose of our institutions, whose aim is to bring good to all people, should be made known to them. -
Cahiers Du Monde Russe, 51\/2-3
Cahiers du monde russe Russie - Empire russe - Union soviétique et États indépendants 51/2-3 | 2010 Dynamiques sociales et classifications juridiques dans l’Empire russe Creating a Creole Estate in early nineteenth- century Russian America La création d’un ordre créole : la compagnie russe d’Amérique et sa vision d’une nouvelle civilisation russe dans l’Amérique russe du début du XIXe siècle Susan Smith-Peter Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/monderusse/9198 DOI: 10.4000/monderusse.9198 ISSN: 1777-5388 Publisher Éditions de l’EHESS Printed version Date of publication: 9 September 2010 Number of pages: 441-459 ISBN: 978-2-7132-2315-0 ISSN: 1252-6576 Electronic reference Susan Smith-Peter, « Creating a Creole Estate in early nineteenth-century Russian America », Cahiers du monde russe [Online], 51/2-3 | 2010, Online since 26 October 2013, Connection on 19 April 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/monderusse/9198 ; DOI : 10.4000/monderusse.9198 This text was automatically generated on 19 April 2019. 2011 Creating a Creole Estate in early nineteenth-century Russian America 1 Creating a Creole Estate in early nineteenth-century Russian America La création d’un ordre créole : la compagnie russe d’Amérique et sa vision d’une nouvelle civilisation russe dans l’Amérique russe du début du XIXe siècle Susan Smith-Peter 1 On February 4, 1816, the Main Board of the Russian-American Company (RAC) ordered the return to Russian America of the creole Kondratii Ivanovich Burtsov and the creole woman Matrëna Semënovna Kuznetsova, who had both been sent to St. Petersburg for schooling. -
Conclusions, Bibliography
Conclusions After the Attuans were taken to Japan, their village was occupied by Japanese troops and was destroyed by American bombing (Garfield 1995:213–214). On other parts of the island, the U.S. military left behind the remains of structures including tunnels used for storage. In 1987 a “peace memorial” was installed to honor all the soldiers who died at Attu, and in 1993 a sign was placed to commemorate the Attu villagers’ wartime ordeal. The island of Attu has remained uninhabited. There is nothing left of the wooden houses, the school, church, or the barabaras that were still in use in 1942. A Coast Guard Loran (long-range navigation system) station operated there in 1961 and was staffed by 20 personnel. It was closed in 2010 after the Global Positioning System (GPS) replaced Loran as a navigational system for ships and aircraft. As Jennifer Jolis wrote almost two decades ago, Periodically the island is visited by fishermen or by interested naturalists, biologists, and archeologists, usually in the employ of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The buildings and bridges built by the Navy are disappearing, each year the wind and waves take back the land. Each spring the grasses continue to wave, the eiders to sound their lonely calls. A lone eagle flies over Temnac Valley. The people are gone. The island remains. ( Jolis 1994:30). Commentary 145 Bibliography Bank II, Ted 1956 Birthplace of the Winds. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co. Bateman, Annaliese Jacobs 2005 Aleutian Atlantis: Travel, Tragedy, and the Tricks of Memory on Attu Island, 1936-1945. -
Nikolai Petrovich Kashevaroff, Priest of Holy Resurrection Cathedral (And the Kashevaroff Family)
1 Nikolai Petrovich Kashevaroff, Priest of Holy Resurrection Cathedral (and the Kashevaroff Family) By Dawn Lea Black and Daria Safronova-Simeonoff The Kashevaroffs (Koshevarovs)1 originally came to Alaska aboard the ship Tri Sviatitelia or Three Saints, which also carried the first Russian Orthodox Mission to Alaska, including the future Saint Herman. The book Herman: A Wilderness Saint, written by Sergei Korsun, who works for the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography in Saint Petersburg, Russia, lists the types of people, on page 20, who were aboard this ship. Two of them were mentioned as “stewards”. It is possible, according to both Lydia Black in “Russians in Alaska” and Richard Pierce in “Russian America: A Biographical Dictionary”, that these two people were the father, Artamon, and his son, Filipp Kashevarov who were serfs of I.L. Golikov back in Russia. However, according to Alexander V. Zorin, the head archivist and historian of the Kursk State Regional Archaeological Museum and also the author of a major published article on I.L. Golikov,2 no record of a person named Artamon Kashevaroff was found in the census records of Kursk. The aforementioned Golikov was the merchant Ivan Larionovich [Illarionovich] Golikov, who was the senior partner, with the most shares, in the fur company known as the Golikov-Shelikhov Company, although that was not a formal, contractual name. That company had several companies under its umbrella, and the actual company for which the Kashevaroffs worked was probably the Kodiak-based Northeastern Company, which was managed by Alexander Baranov. The reason why these Kashevarovs were sent to Kodiak was possibly because serfdom was being legally phased-out for merchants in Russia 1 Richard A. -
Geopolitics and Environment in the Sea Otter Trade
UC Merced UC Merced Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Soft gold and the Pacific frontier: geopolitics and environment in the sea otter trade Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/03g4f31t Author Ravalli, Richard John Publication Date 2009 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California 1 Introduction Covering over one-third of the earth‘s surface, the Pacific Basin is one of the richest natural settings known to man. As the globe‘s largest and deepest body of water, it stretches roughly ten thousand miles north to south from the Bering Straight to the Antarctic Circle. Much of its continental rim from Asia to the Americas is marked by coastal mountains and active volcanoes. The Pacific Basin is home to over twenty-five thousand islands, various oceanic temperatures, and a rich assortment of plants and animals. Its human environment over time has produced an influential civilizations stretching from Southeast Asia to the Pre-Columbian Americas.1 An international agreement currently divides the Pacific at the Diomede Islands in the Bering Strait between Russia to the west and the United States to the east. This territorial demarcation symbolizes a broad array of contests and resolutions that have marked the region‘s modern history. Scholars of Pacific history often emphasize the lure of natural bounty for many of the first non-natives who ventured to Pacific waters. In particular, hunting and trading for fur bearing mammals receives a significant amount of attention, perhaps no species receiving more than the sea otter—originally distributed along the coast from northern Japan, the Kuril Islands and the Kamchatka peninsula, east toward the Aleutian Islands and the Alaskan coastline, and south to Baja California. -
Early Colonization by the U.S
Meeting of Frontiers Russian America Colonization: Settlements Roger Pearson Alaska Geographic Alliance Institute of the North Anchorage, Alaska 99501 Overview: This unit is designed to give students an understanding of the era of Russian colonization of Alaska. Emphasis is placed on the geography of Russian settlement, the people who inhabited the Russian settlements, as well as their economic activities and the educational system. The unit provides a framework for comparing the early colonization by the U.S. Grade Level: High School Standards: Geography Standards. The geographically informed student knows and understands: How to use maps and other geographic representations, tools, and technologies to acquire, process, and report information from a spatial perspective. The physical and human characteristics of places. How to use geography to interpret the past, interpret the present, and plan for the future. Geography Skills. Asking geographic questions . Acquiring geographic information . Organizing geographic information . Analyzing geographic information . Answering geographic questions Historical Thinking Standards. The history student: Thinks chronologically. Comprehends a variety of historical sources. Engages in historical analysis and interpretation. Conducts historical research. Technology Standards. A technology literate student should be able to: Use technology to explore ideas, solve problems, and derive meaning. Writing and Speaking Standards. A student fluent in English is able to: Write and speak well to inform -
The Ukrainian Weekly 1990, No.42
www.ukrweekly.com Published by the Ukrainian National Association inc., a fraternal non-profit association чг rainian Weekly vol. LVIII No. 42 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER 21,1990 50 cents UNA fund tops Ukrainian SSR government bows to students' demands S 100,000 MasoMacrJl agreeartroosc шШЙШЙШВШиШЯШШШЯШШШЯШШШШшШШШШШ JERSEY C1TY, N.J. - The U– to resign krainian National Association's Fund for the Rebirth of Ukraine, by Mary Mycio created as a result of a resolution Rukh Press international adopted at the fraternal organiza– tion's recent convention, topped KlEv - in a capitulation to student Si00,000 this week. hunger strikes and massive protests As of October 18, the fund reached over the last two weeks, the prime S 100,426.34 thanks to UNA mem– minister of Ukraine, vitaliy Masol, will bers and others who sent 3,995 resign his post, President Leonid Krav– checks in an effort to help Ukraine. chuk told the Ukrainian Supreme Soviet Donations may be sent to: Ukrai– on October 17. nian National Association Fund for Also, an overwhelming majority of the Rebirth of Ukraine, 30 Montgo– the Parliament resolved to uphold the mery St., Jersey City, N.J. 07302. demands of the students who have been hunger striking in October Revolution On the beat in Ukraine Nestor institute fosters exchanges -.Mykhatlo Shuliak A scene of students hunger-striking at Kiev's October Revolution Square during with Lviv computer project the first week of October. Square since October 2. tory to ask our parents how they can by Chrystyna N. Lapychak visits between the USSR and the The Supreme Soviet voted to hold a work while we're on strike," said a United States with their non-profit referendum on confidence in the Parlia– young woman carrying a blue and Lviv — Among the dozens of organization, viSA. -
The Great Northern Expedition Expanded Russian Geographical Knowledge East to the Aleutian Islands and Mainland Alaska. News
Promyshlenniki Advancement of the Promyshlenniki to the East by V.G. Vagner (1880-1942) from the collection of the Krasnoyarsk Kray Museum The Great Northern Expedition expanded Russian geographical knowledge east to the Aleutian Islands and mainland Alaska. News quickly spread of the large sea otter populations in the Aleutian Islands, which drew the attention of Siberian traders. The Promyshlenniki, or traders, were Russian and indigenous Siberian contract traders primarily from the serf class who served on the front line of the Alaskan fur trade. Emelian Basov is considered to be the first Promyshlennik to travel east; he sailed to Bering Island in 1743 and returned to Kamchatka the following year with thousands of sea otter pelts which unleashed a frenzy amongst the Promyshlenniki. As the ‘fur rush’ continued during the late 18th century, hundreds of trappers descended upon the Aleutian Islands with limited naval experience and soon coerced the Aleut and Alutiiq hunters to do the majority of otter hunting. As time went on many Promyshlenniki took Aleut and Alutiiq partners and adopted their lifestyles. By the 1830s the share system had been abandoned and replaced with salaries and the focus on the fur trade had shifted because of depletion, the status of the Promyshlenniki remained in name only as they became skilled employees of the Russian American Company. These Russian and Siberian workers brought with them many aspects of their cultures, of note being their clothing. While these men did not don the ornate traditional clothing of Central and Western Russian serfs, they were issued material for prescribed clothing of the Russian American Company. -
A Religious Movement on the Chukchi Peninsula During the 1920S
Document generated on 10/01/2021 5:15 a.m. Études/Inuit/Studies The “priests” of East Cape: A religious movement on the Chukchi Peninsula during the 1920s and 1930s Les «prêtres» du Cap Est: un mouvement religieux des années 1920-1930 dans la péninsule des Tchouktches Peter P. Schweitzer and Evgeniy V. Golovko Tchoukotka Article abstract Chukotka Recently broadened fieldwork opportunities in Siberia have not only enabled Volume 31, Number 1-2, 2007 the study of current social and cultural processes, but also facilitated a re-assessment of previous periods of rapid social change. One of those was, URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/019714ar undoubtedly, the decade following the Russian Revolution, when Russians and DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/019714ar other outsiders significantly increased their impact in many areas of Siberia. Fieldwork conducted during the 1990s has provided evidence of a previously unrecognised phenomenon, namely the existence of a syncretistic system of See table of contents worldview and ritual practice in the Siberian Yupik village Naukan. Similar to so-called “revitalisation movements” elsewhere, it can be interpreted as a reaction to increasing Russian colonial pressure. The present paper attempts to Publisher(s) situate the Naukan movement in its cultural and political contexts, in order to provide a post-colonial reading of early 20th century transformations. Association Inuksiutiit Katimajiit Inc. Centre interuniversitaire d'études et de recherches autochtones (CIÉRA) ISSN 0701-1008 (print) 1708-5268 (digital) Explore this journal Cite this article Schweitzer, P. P. & Golovko, E. V. (2007). The “priests” of East Cape: A religious movement on the Chukchi Peninsula during the 1920s and 1930s. -
A Case Study of the Elmer E. Rasmuson Library Rare Books Collection
Rare books as historical objects: a case study of the Elmer E. Rasmuson Library rare books collection Item Type Thesis Authors Korotkova, Ulyana Aleksandrovna; Короткова, Ульяна Александровна Download date 10/10/2021 16:12:34 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/11122/6625 RARE BOOKS AS HISTORICAL OBJECTS: A CASE STUDY OF THE ELMER E. RASMUSON LIBRARY RARE BOOKS COLLECTION By Ulyana Korotkova RECOMMENDED: Dr. Terrence M. Cole Dr. Katherine L. Arndt Dr. M ary^R^hrlander Advisory Committee Chair Dr. Mary^E/Ehrlander Director, Arctic and Northern Studies Program RARE BOOKS AS HISTORICAL OBJECTS: A CASE STUDY OF THE ELMER E. RASMUSON LIBRARY RARE BOOKS COLLECTION A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of the University of Alaska Fairbanks in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS By Ulyana Korotkova Fairbanks, AK May 2016 Abstract Once upon a time all the books in the Arctic were rare books, incomparable treasures to the men and women who carried them around the world. Few of these tangible remnants of the past have managed to survive the ravages of time, preserved in libraries and special collections. This thesis analyzes the over 22,000-item rare book collection of the Elmer E. Rasmuson Library at the University of Alaska Fairbanks, the largest collection of rare books in the State of Alaska and one of the largest polar regions collections in the world. Content, chronology, authorship, design, and relevance to northern and polar history were a few of the criteria used to evaluate the collection. Twenty items of particular value to the study of Alaskan history were selected and studied in depth.