DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
ASSESSMENT AND EMP REPORT
FOR
Proposed Area Development Project “Dream City”
AT
Block No. 177 & Others, Moje- Khajod, Taluka- Surat City, District – Surat,
State- Gujarat.
PROJECT CATEGORY: B, 8(b), Townships and Area Development Projects
STUDY PERIOD: 12th March to 11th June, 2018
PROJECT PROPONENT: M/s. Diamond Research and Mercantile (Dream)
City Limited
(DREAM) CITY LIMITED
PREPARED BY:
en-VISIOn ENVIRO TECHNOLOGIES PVT. LTD 3rd FLOOR, SHRI RAM COMPLEX, ABOVE BANK OF INDIA, NEAR KARGIL CHOWK, SURAT-DUMAS ROAD, PIPLOD, SURAT-395007 GUJARAT.
Phone No.: (0261) 2223003, 2224004 Email Add.: [email protected] Website: www.en-vision.in M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE Accreditation by QCI / NABET Certificate No. 1417/IA 003 180710_RP22_0
INDEX SR. NO. TITLE PAGE NO.
CHAPTER-1 : INTRODUCTION
1.1 Purpose of EIA 1-1 1.2 Promoters and their background 1-1 1.3 Brief description of the project 1-2 1.4 Scope of study 1-2 1.5 Regulatory frame work 1-4
CHAPTER-2 : PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 Type of the Project 2-1 2.2 Need for the project and its importance to the country and/or region 2-1 2.3 Information for the Violation 2.2 2.4 Location 2-3 2.5 Important Features of the Project 2-11 2.5.1 CRZ-Applicability for the project Site 2-12 2.6 Proposed Schedule and Approval for Implementation 2-12 2.7 Project Facilities 2-12 2.7.1 Scope of the Project Site 2-13 2.7.2 Change of topography and Land use due to the Project 2-14 2.7.3 Parking Details 2-14 2.7.4 Amenities at Project Site 2-16 2.8 Cost of the project 2-16 2.9 Resource Requirements 2-16 2.9.1 Construction Phase 2-17 2.9.2 Manpower requirement for the construction and operation phase 2-17 2.9.3 Raw Materials Requirement during Construction Phase 2-17 2.9.4 Energy Requirements 2-18 2.10 Source of Water, Water Requirements and Waste Water Generation 2-18 2.10.1 Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) 2-19 2.11 Air Environment 2-24 2.11.1 Source of Fugitive Emission (Dust) And Its Control 2-25 2.12 Solid Waste Generation and Management 2-25 2.13 Fire Hydrant System 2-27 2.13.1 Details of Fire Station 2-28 2.14 Rain Water Harvesting Plan 2-28 2.14.1 Drainage Pattern 2-30 2.15 Water conservation and its measures 2-32 2.15.1 Water Conservation Plan 2-32 2.15.2 Domestic Water Conservation Measures 2-32 2.16 Green Building Concepts 2-32 2.16.1 Energy Conservation Measures 2-32 2.17 Natural Resource Conservation 2-33
CHAPTER-3 : BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS
3.1 Introduction 3-1 3.2 Period of monitoring 3-1 3.3 Components and methodology 3-1 3.4 Study area 3-2 3.5 Meteorological environment 3-2 3.5.1 Climate of study area 3-2 3.5.1.1 Predominant wind direction 3-3
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SR. NO. TITLE PAGE NO. 3.5.1.2 Site specific micro-meteorology data 3-5 3.6 Air environment 3-7 3.6.1 Sampling methodology and analysis 3-7 3.6.2 Selection of monitoring locations 3-7 3.6.3 Results and discussion 3-9 3.7 Water environment 3-12 3.7.1 Sampling methodology and analysis 3-12 3.7.2 Selection of monitoring location 3-13 3.7.3 Discussions 3-20 3.7.3.1 Ground water 3-20 3.7.3.2 Surface water 3-20 3.8 Noise environment 3-21 3.8.1 Selection of monitoring locations and results 3-22 3.8.2 Discussion of noise levels 3-24 3.8.3 Traffic study 3-25 3.8.3.1 Methodology 3-25 3.8.3.2 Summary and Discussion 3-26 3.9 Soil Environment 3-27 3.9.1 Sampling Methodology and Analysis 3-27 3.9.2 Sampling locations and Result 3-28 3.9.3 Discussion-soil environment 3-31 3.10 Landuse 3-31 3.10.1 Methodology of study 3-32 3.10.1.1 Pre-field interpretation 3-32 3.10.1.2 Site / ground truthing 3-32 3.10.1.3 Post field work 3-33 3.10.2 Land use / land cover map 3-33 3.11 Geomorphological, Geological, Hydro-Geological status 3-37 3.11.1 Methodology of field study 3-37 3.11.2 Geomorphology, Drainage & Watershed 3-37 3.11.3 Regional Geology & Structural Symbol 3-38 3.11.4 Geotechnical Studies 3-41 3.11.5 Seismic Zone 3-41 3.11.6 Soil 3-41 3.11.7 Hydrogeology 3-42 3.11.8.1 Expected Subsurface Strata 3-43 3.11.8.2 Inference 3-43 3.12 Socio - Economic Environment 3-45 3.12.1 Introduction 3-45 3.12.2 Major objective of the study 3-45 3.12.3 Identification of Stakeholders 3-45 3.12.4 Methodology 3-46 3.12.4.1 Primary data collection: tools and technique 3-46 3.12.4.2 Secondary data collection 3-47 3.12.4.3 Data analysis and interpretation 3-47 3.12.4.4 Limitation 3-47 3.12.5 The project influence area 3-47 3.12.6 Overview of the study area 3-51 3.12.7 Findings of community consultation 3-51 3.12.8 Public Consultation 3-54 3.12.9 Conclusion 3-57 3.13 Ecology and biodiversity of terrestrial environment 3-57 3.13.1 Biological diversity 3-58 3.13.2 Period of the study and study area 3-58 3.13.3 Methodology 3-59 3.13.4 Habitats description of the area (10 km) 3-62 3.13.5 Floral diversity of study area 3-64 3.13.5.1 Mangroves 3-64 3.13.5.2 Trees 3-64 3.13.5.3 Shrubs 3-66 3.13.5.4 Herbs 3-67
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SR. NO. TITLE PAGE NO. 3.13.5.5 Climbers and Twiners 3-69 3.13.5.6 Cultivated plant in the study area 3-72 3.13.6 Endemic plant of Study area 3-72 3.13.7 Status of Forest and their category in the Study area 3-72 3.13.8 Faunal Biodiversity in the study area 3-72 3.13.9.1 Birds of the study area 3-72 3.13.9.2 Butterflies from the study area 3-75 3.13.9.3 Herpetofauna 3-75 3.13.9.4 Mammals 3-76 3.13.10 Rare and endangered fauna of the study area 3-76
CHAPTER-4 : ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 Identification of impacts 4-1 4.1.1 Objective 4-1 4.1.2 Environmental aspects 4-1 4.1.3 Environmental impacts 4-1 4.1.4 Environmental indices 4-2 4.1.5 Environmental impact assessment study 4-2 4.1.5.1 Identification of impacts 4-2 4.1.5.2 Ecological impact assessment considered the following stages 4-2 4.1.5.3 Component wise environment risk assessment and mitigation 4-3 4.2 Impact identification and assessment 4-3 4.3 Significance of Impacts & Proposed Mitigation Measures 4-4 4.3.1 Emission Source and Air Quality Modeling 4-8 4.3.2 Impact and Mitigation on Air Pollution 4-8 4.3.3 Impact and Mitigation on Water Pollution 4-8 4.3.4 Impact and Mitigation on Noise Pollution 4-8 4.3.5 Impact and Mitigation on Solid Waste Management 4-8 4.3.6 Impact and Mitigation on Socio Economic Aspects 4-9
CHAPTER-5 : ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)
5.1 General 5-1 5.2 Alternatives of site 5-1 5.3 Alternative technologies 5-2 5.3.1 Transport 5-2 5.3.2 Building materials and technologies 5-2 5.3.3 Energy conservation 5-3
CHAPTER-6 : ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
6.1 Introduction 6-1 6.2 Monitoring and reporting procedure 6-1 6.3 Laboratory facility 6-2
CHAPTER-7 : ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.1 Public consultation/hearing 7-1 7.1.1 Introduction 7-1 7.1.2 Approach to the Study 7-1 7.1.3 Hazard Assessment and Evaluation 7-1 7.1.3.1 Methodology 7-1 7.1.3.2 Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) 7-2 7.1.3.3 Fire Explosion and Toxicity Index (FE&TI) Approach 7-2 7.1.4 Control Measures 7-3 7.2 Disaster Management Plan 7-4
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SR. NO. TITLE PAGE NO. 7.2.1 Emergency Preparedness Plan For Fire And Personnel Injury 7-5 7.2.1.1 Safety in Storage of Materials, Products & Wastes 7-5 7.2.1.1.1 High Speed Diesel 7-5 7.2.1.2 Diesel Storage 7-6 7.2.1.3 Furnishing Material 7-6 7.2.1.4 Remedial Measures 7-6 7.2.1.5 Communication 7-6 7.2.1.6 Chain of Command 7-7 7.2.2 Fire & Line Safety 7-7 7.2.3 Flood Hazard 7-7 7.3 Resettlement and Rehabilitation 7-8
CHAPTER-8 : ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ASSESSMENT, REMEDIATION PLAN, NATURAL AND COMMUNITY RESOURCE AUGMENTATION PLAN
8.1 Justification for Violation 8-1 8.1.1 Environmental Damage Assessment 8-2 8.2 Remediation Plan 8-8 8.3 Natural and Community Resource Augmentation Plan 8-8 8.4 Economic Benefit due to Violation Activity 8-9 8.5 Conclusion and Recommendation 8-9 8.6 Implementation Schedule of Planned activities and related bank guarantee 8-9
CHAPTER-9: PROJECT BENEFITS
9.1 Physical Infrastructure 9-1 9.2 Social Infrastructure 9-1 9.3 Employment Potential 9-2 9.4 Other Tangible Benefits 9-2
CHAPTER-10: ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
10.1 Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis 10-1
CHAPTER-11: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
11.1 Introduction 11-1 11.1.1 Objectives of EMP 11-1 11.2 Environment Management Plan 11-2 11.2.1 Land Environment 11-2 11.2.2 Soil Environment 11-4 11.2.3 Water Environment 11-5 11.2.4 Hydro Geological Environment 11-6 11.2.5 Noise Level Monitoring & Traffic Management 11-7 11.2.6 Ecological Environment 11-9 11.2.7 Socio Economic Environment 11-11 11.2.8 Risk & Hazard And Occupational Health & Safety 11-13 11.2.9 Solid And Hazardous Waste Management 11-14 11.2.10 Air Environment 11-15 11.3 Green Belt Development Programme 11-16 11.3.1 Selection of Plants for Greenbelts 11-16 11.4 EMP for the Construction Phase 11-18 11.4.1 Soil Excavation & Site Preparation 11-18 11.4.2 Vegetation and Top Soil Management 11-18 11.4.3 Construction Debris 11-19 11.5 Environmental Management Cell (EMC) 11-19
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SR. NO. TITLE PAGE NO. 11.5.1 Environment Policy and Its Standard Operating Procedure 11-20 11.6 Budgets for Environment Protection 11-20
CHAPTER-12 : SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
CHAPTER-13 : DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED
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LIST OF TABLES
TABLE PAGE TITLE NO. NO.
1.1 Scope of baseline study 1-3
2.1 Area of the Site within 10 Km Radius 2-5 2.2 Project Implementation Schedule 2-12 2.3 Project Planning Details 2-13 2.4 Scope of the project 2-13 2.5 Parking Standards 2-15 2.6 Cost Break up for the proposed project 2-16 2.7 Equipment required during construction phase 2-17 2.8 List of Raw Material 2-18 2.9 Water requirement and waste water generation: (Construction phase) 2-18 2.10 Water Requirement and Waste Water Generation: (Operation Phase) 2-18 2.11 Characteristic of Treated Water 2-20 2.12 Details of Sewage Treatment Plant Units 2-23 2.13 Budget Allocation for the Installation, Operation and Maintenance 2-23 2.14 Details of Flue Gas Stacks 2-24 2.15 Details of Solid Waste Generation and Its Disposal Method 2-26 2.16 Calculation Organic Waste Collector 2-26 2.17 Details of proposed fire station 2-28 2.18 Preliminary Cost Estimate 2-29 2.19 Rainwater available for Harvesting 2-30
3.1 Climatological data 3-3 3.2 Summary of site specific meteorological data 3-5 3.3 Air – parameters analyzed and sampling duration 3-7 3.4 Ambient air quality - methodology 3-7 3.5 Ambient air monitoring locations 3-8 3.6 Ambient air quality status 3-10 3.7 Sample collection and analysis of water sample 3-11 3.8 Monitoring locations for ground water and surface water 3-13 3.9 Water quality – physico-chemical analysis of ground water 3-15 3.10 Water quality – physico-chemical analysis of surface water 3-17 3.11 Noise monitoring methodology 3-21 3.12 Ambient Noise quality standards for different areas/zones 3-22 3.13 Noise Monitoring Locations 3-23 3.14 Noise Levels 3-24 3.15 Noise Levels due to Transportation 3-24 3.16 Methodology of testing of soil samples 3-28 3.17 Soil sampling location 3-28 3.18 Physicochemical parameters of the soil 3-30 3.19 Area statistics of landuse/land cover map 3-33 3.20 List of Villages where Socio-economic study Conducted 3-46 3.21 Demography of the study area 3-48 3.22 List of Trees in the Study area 3-65 3.23 List of the Shrubs in the study area 3-66 3.24 List of Herbaceous Species observed in the area 3-67 3.25 List of Climbers observed in the area 3-69 3.26 Systematic list of Birds in the Study area with its Residential Status 3-73 3.27 Butterflies in the Study Area 3-75 3.28 Reptiles in the Study Area 3-75 3.29 Mammals in the Study Area 3-76 3.30 Threatened and near threatened animal of the study area 3-77 3.31 Sighted Species Provided Protection as Per Wild Life Protection Act 1972 3-77
4.1 Impact identification matrix 4-3
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TABLE PAGE TITLE NO. NO. 4.2 Cumulative impact matrix 4-4 4.3 Environment impact due to construction activity 4-5
6.1 Environmental Monitoring Program & Budget for Implementation 6-2
7.1 Preliminary Hazard Analysis for the Whole Plant in General 7-2 7.2 Fire Explosion and Toxicity Index 7-2
8.1 Chronology for Project 8-2 8.2 Assessment of Environmental Damage and Remediation and EMP suggested 8-5 8.3 Budgetary Allocation for EMP during Operation 8-8 8.4 The natural and Community Resource Augmentation Plan with Budgetary Allocation 8-9 8.5 Summary of Budgetary Allocation with Respect to Violation Activity and Remediation 8-9
9.1 Proposed CER Activities 9-2
11.1 Details of Plant Species in Greenbelt 11-17 11.2 Roles and responsibility of proposed EMC cell 11-20 11.3 Budgetary allocation for EMP during operation 11-21
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LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE PAGE TITLE NO. NO. 2.1 Index-map 2-4 2.2 Google image of the project site (10 km) 2-6 2.3 Boundaries of the proposed project site 2-6 2.4 Topography Map of Project Study area 10 km radius 2-7 2.5 Key Plan 2-8 2.6 Site plan 2-9 2.7 Layout for Road Constructed 2-10 2.8 Photograph of proposed project Site 2-11 2.9 Amenities at Project Site 2-16 2.10 Water Balance 2-19 2.11 STP Flow Diagram 2-24 2.12 Layout of Single OWC 2-27 2.13 Location of Storage Basins 2-29 2.14 Proposed Drainage Pattern 2-31 2.15 Drainage Networking 2-31
3.1 Annual wind rose of daily surface data recorded at 8:30 a.m. At surat station (1971-2000) 3-3 3.2 Annual wind rose of daily surface data recorded at 5:30 p.m. at surat station (1971-2000) 3-4 3.3 Wind rose diagram (12th March, 2018 to 11th June, 2018) 3-6 3.4 Google image showing ambient air quality locations 3-9 3.5 Photograph of Air monitoring location 3-10 3.6 Google Image Showing Water Sampling Locations 3-14 3.7 Photograph Surface & Ground Water Sampling 3-19 3.8 Google Image Showing Noise Sampling Locations 3-23 3.9 Photograph of Noise Monitoring 3-24 3.10 Google Image Showing Soil Sampling Locations 3-29 3.11 Photographs of Landuse Study 3-34 3.12 Google image of the project site with Topographical features delineating 3-34 3.13 Land use / land cover map of 10 km radius from study area 3-35 3.14 Satellite imagery of the study area (10 km radius) 3-36 3.15 Drainage Map of 10 km Radius Study Area 3-38 3.16 Map for Geomorphology of 5 km radius of the study area 3-40 3.17 Ground Water Prospects Map 3-44 3.18 Villages in the study area 3-47 3.19 Habitats description of the project site and its immediate surroundings 3-61 3.20 Habitats description of the 10 km area 3-63
11.1 An Organogram of Environment Management Cell 11-20
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LIST OF ANNEXURE
ANNEXURE PAGE TITLE NO. NO.
I TOR Letter from SEIAA A-1 II Powers conferred to Dream City A-6 III Land allotment Letter A-7 IV List of Other Blocks A-10 V Government Order for SPV A-11 VI IMD data A-14 VII Details of the Airport Authority of India NOC A-16 VIII Water Supply Letter & MSW waste disposal permission A-17 IX Undertaking for Violation A-18 X Contour Plan of the area A-19 XI Traffic Study A-20
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COMPLIANCE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR)
TERMS OF REFERENCES (TOR) AWARDED BY: State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority, Gujarat (SEIAA)
TOR LETTER: SEIAA/GUJ/TOR/8(b)/587/2018, 13th June, 2018
TORS AND ITS COMPLIANCE
NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE STANDARD TOR 1. Ecological damage assessment with respect to air, For the damage assessment refer section 8.1.1 on water, land and other project &location specific page no. 8-2 of Chapter-8. environment attributes the collection and analysis of data shall be done by an environment laboratory Environment laboratory duly notified under duly notified under Environment (Protection) Environment (Protection) Act.1986 or an Act.1986 or an environment laboratory accredited environment laboratory accredited by NABL by NABL, or a laboratory of a council of scientific refer page 13-5 of Chapter-13. and industrial Research (CSIR) institution working in the field of environments. 2. The Environment management plan shall comprise Refer section 8.2 on page no. 8-8 for the of the remediation plan and community & natural remediation plan. resources augmentation plan corresponding to the ecological damage assessed and economic benefits Refer section 8.3 on page no 8-8 for the derived due to violation. The remediation plan and remediation plan and the natural and the natural the natural and the natural & community resource & community resource augmentation plan. augmentation plan prepared shall be included as an independent chapter in the EIA report. 3. The project proponent shall be required to submit a Dream City will submit the bank guarantee as bank guarantee equivalent to the amount of and when SEAC will finalize the amount for the remediation plan and natural and community same. resource augmentation plan with the GPCB prior to the grant of EC. The quantum shall be recommended by the SEAC and finalized by the regulatory authority. The bank guarantee shall be released after successful implementation of the remediation plan natural and community resource augmentation plan, and after recommendation by regional office of the ministry followed by
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NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE recommendation of the SEAC and approval of the regulatory authority. General & project specific Terms of Reference for the project. 4. Gujarat pollution Control Board shall initiate Noted credible legal action against the project proponents under the provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act 1986, and Further no consent to operate to be issued till the project is granted EC. 5. No occupancy Certificate to be issued by the Noted concerned local body government till the project is granted EC. 6. A notarized undertaking stating that 1. Any such For notarized undertaking refer Annexure-IX on violations shall be not repeated in future 2. All the page no A-18. statutory requirements shall be fully complied with and 3. A status quo shall be maintained at the project site and remaining activity shall be carried out only after obtaining Environmental Clearance from SEIAA. 7. Applicability of CRZ Notification-2011 should be For CRZ applicability refer section 2.5.1 on page checked for the project. no. 2-12 of Chapter-2. 8. Details of final approved, allotted land for the Refer section 2.4 on page no.2-3 of Chapter-2. project with exact survey number /block number / Refer annexure-III on page no A-7, for land F.P numbers/O.P numbers etc. Documents showing allotment letter. ownership of land by the project proponents. Copy of N.A order for using area for non-agriculture purpose. 9. Copy of conceptual project plans (full size) Refer section 2.7 on page no.2-12 of submitted to the competent authority for approval Chapter-2. Refer annexure-II on A-6 for Powers or approved by the concerned competent authority. conferred to Dream City. Copy of construction permission, building use permission etc. obtained from the concerned competent authority. 10. Copy of master plan of the project approved by Refer figure no.2.6 for Layout on page no. 2-9 of Board of Directors. Chapter-2. 11. A single layout plan showing location of building, Refer figure no.2.6 for Layout on page no. 2-9 of roads, D G sets, STP, composting facility, parking Chapter-2.
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NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE provision, green belt (tree covered area), common plot, location of percolation wells, peripheral margin space, separate entry & exit internal roads main access road etc. with different colour codes. 12. A map of the study area delineating the major Refer section 3.10.2 on page no.3-33 for details topographical features such as a land use, of land use study and refer figure 3.12 on page Drainage, locations of habitats environmental no. 3-34 for topographical map delineating all sensitive areas, major construction including roads, features and figure 3-13 for land use of the study railways, pipelines, industries if any in the area are area on page no. 3-35 of Chapter-3. to be mentioned. 13. Land use map of the study area based on high Refer figure 3.13 on page no. 3-35 for land use resolution satellite imagery delineating the forest, and figure 3-14 on page no. 3-36 for satellite agriculture land, water bodies, settlements and imaginary of Chapter-3. other cultural features. Details of change /creation Refer section 2.7.2 on page no. 2-14 for change in land use /land cover due to the proposed project. in topography of Chapter-2. Due to the proposed project, land use of government open waste land will be changed to major settlement for the Residential and high rise Commercial purpose. 14. Details of site topography along with the contour Refer section 2.7.2 on page no. 2-14 for change plan of the project area. Details of change in in topography of Chapter-2. Contour plan of the topography of the area due to the project. area is given in Annexure-X on page no. A-19. 15. Scope of the buildings to come up in the projects as Refer section 2.7.1 and table 2.4 on page no. 2- well as exact details of the residential units, service 13 of Chapter-2. and commercial units as well as other amenities (like hospital, hotel, restaurant, school, club house, swimming pool etc.) to come up in the project, height of the proposed building, break up of FSI, built up area plot wise, block wise plan & area statement. 16. Fixed population as well as floating population Refer section no. 2.9.2 on page no. 2-17 of including visitors considered for the project during Chapter-2. construction & operation phase of the project. 17. Details of the management of the run off/rainwater Refer section no. 2.14.1 on page no. 2-30 and flowing the existing natural drain / nallah / streams figure no 2.14 on page no. 2-31 for drainage within the project site if any, impacts on the pattern and figure no 2.15 on page no. 2-31 for
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NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE surface hydrology pattern due to the proposed drainage network of Chapter-2. project. Details of measures proposed to ensure that natural drainage of the site will not be obstructed / disturbed, and measures proposed to protect existing natural drain/nallah / streams within the project site. 18. Source of water supply during the construction Refer Section no. 2.10 on page no. 2-18 of phase along with the quality of the water Chapter-2. requirement. Waste water disposal plan during the construction phase. 19. Detailed fresh water consumption based on activity For source and details of fresh water and area of the project as per the NBC norms. consumption on refer Section no. 2.10 on page Exact source of water supply during construction & no. 2-18 of Chapter-2. For the sewage treatment operation phase of the project. Sewage treatment, plant refer section 2.10.1 on page no.2-19 of reuse & disposal plan during construction & Chapter-2. operation phase of the project. Permission from the Water permission letter refer annexure-VIII on concerned authority for water supply & drainage page no.A-17. connection. 20. Details of the sewage Treatment plant including its Refer section 2.10.1 on page no.2-19 of Chapter- capacity, Size of each unit, retention time, other 2. technical parameter etc. along with the plan & budget allocation wise break-up of treated sewage quality to be recycled /reused in flushing & green belt development, its location on the layout plan, space requirement in view of dimensions of the proposed STP as well as associated activities, STP sludge management plan, design details of dual plumbing system etc. 21. Details of water conservation measures including Refer section 2.15 on page no. 2-32 of Chapter-2. provision of low water consuming devices. 22. Complete management plan for top soil, excavated Refer section 11.2.2 for the management plan on earth & construction debris including its storage, page no. 11-4 of Chapter-11. haulage, reuse & disposal plan, details of demarcated area on the layout where it was stored, and measures proposed to avoid spillage & dust emission while stockpiling during construction
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NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE phase. 23. Engineering controls adopted for dust control Refer section 2.11.1 on page no.2-25 of Chapter- including barricading the site during the 2. construction period. 24. Details of the D.G sets including fuel. Quantity, Refer section 2.11 on page no.2-24 of Chapter-2. stack height, location as well as acoustic measures proposed to able noise pollution. 25. Details of base line study for ambient air quality Refer section 3.6 for Air monitoring baseline
(RSPM, NO2, SOx and CO), Water (Surface & data on page no. 3-7 & for air monitoring ground), soil, noise, monitoring data of one month location refer figure 3.4 on page no. 3-9, refer other than monsoon for at least five locations in 10 section 3.7 for water monitoring baseline data on km study area and impact analysis due to the page no.3-12 for location map refer figure 3.6 on proposed project. Map of the study area clearly page no. 3-14, refer section 3.8 on page no. 3-21 delineating the location of monitoring station for for noise monitoring baseline data & location air, water, soil and noise, superimposed with map refer figure no 3.8 on page no. 3-23, for soil location of habitats are to be shown. baseline analysis refer section 3.9 on page no. 3- 27 & for location map refer figure no. 3.10 on page no. 3-29 of Chapter-3. 26. Detailed Environment Management Plan with Detailed Environment Management Plan with respect to various environment attributes -Water, respect to various environmental attributes of the Air, Noise, Solid Wastes including Hazardous project for construction and operation phase Wastes, land etc. of the project both during including its implementation strategy is given in construction and operation phase and strategy for section 11.2 page no. 11-2 to 11-15 of Chapter- its implementation with financial outlay. 11. To check implementation Environment Management Plan & efficiency of pollution control measures Environment Monitoring Plan is given which includes details of sampling locations, frequency, parameters & rate for the same. These details are given in table 6.1 on page Details of monitoring /Supervision cell to monitor no. 6-2 of Chapter-6. environmental aspects during construction phase as Details of monitoring / Supervision cell well as operation phase including provision of (including roles & responsibility) are given in qualified construction safety officer. section 11.5 page no. 11-19 & table-11.2 on page no. 11-20 of Chapter-11. 27. Detail with respect to the quantity of the generation The quantity of the generation of the garbage
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NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE of the garbage /Municipal Solid waste /Municipal Solid waste (biodegradable & (biodegradable & recyclable waste) Bio Medical recyclable waste) Bio Medical waste, Hazardous waste, electronic waste, Hazardous waste and waste and mode of its treatment and disposal mode of its treatment and disposal. Copy of refer table-2.15 on page no. 2-26 of Chapter-2. permission obtained from concerned authority/ies, For e-waste refer section 2.12 on page no. 2-25 in this regard, should be submitted. Details of the and below table-2.15 on page no. 2-26 of OWC like its capacity, type, cost of installation, Chapter-2. operation & maintenance, end product For OWC calculation refer table-2.16 on page management plan, its location on the layout plan, no. 2-26, space requirement in view of space requirement in view of dimensions of the dimensions of the proposed OWC refer figure- proposed OWC as well as associated activities etc. 2.12 on page no. 2-27 of Chapter-2. should be submitted. OWC capacity, type of waste and end product management refer last paragraph on page no. 2- 27 of Chapter-2. While cost of OWC and its location on layout is not available right now. 28. Detailed parking plan showing accommodation of Refer section 2.7.3 on page no.2.14 of Chapter-2. two-wheeler and four wheelers, its adequacy for the project and norms adopted for the calculations. The details shall include the parking requirement on the basis of footfalls, as per present CGDCR and national building code (NBC) guidelines for each individual components of the project along with back up calculation. Mark the area of parking on the drawing showing the parking. Also details of Visitors parking. Whether considered in total parking calculation /provisions or not. 29. Details of trees existed at the project site and Refer table no 8.3 on page no.8-8 of the number of trees protected /preserved /transplanted Chapter-8 for budgetary allotment. /removed. Detailed green belt development plan as per CPCB guidelines, including area of tree Refer section 11.3 on page no. 11-16 of the plantation, its demarcation on the map. Number Chapter-11. and type of trees and budget allocation thereof, also provide the break-up of the greenbelt viz. the tree Refer figure no.2.6 on page no. 2-9 for greenery covered and lawn covered area. demarcated on map. 30. Details to use of eco-friendly building material Refer section 5.3 on page no.5-2 of Chapter-5. including fly ash bricks, fly ash paving blocks,
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NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE RMC, lead free paints, use of PPC in concrete etc. 31. Details of energy conservation measures including Refer section 2.15 on page no.2-32 of Chapter-2. solar energy utilization for the project. Details of green building concept to be adopted for the project. 32. Scheme for rain water harvesting and ground water Refer section 2.14 on page no. 2-28 of Chapter-2. recharge with proper scientific calculation considering rainfall in the region, catchment area, land /soil characteristics, ground water recharge rate, duration of rain water harvesting etc. Details of provisions of pre-treatment of the rainwater in the case of surface run off are harvested. Location of recharge percolation wells on the layout plan. 33. The details of basic amenities welfare facilities and Refer 7.2.2 on page no. 7-7 for the personal safety measures for the construction workers protective equipment. including provision of personal protection Individual developers will comply with building equipment. Details of registration and provisions to and other construction workers acts at the time of follow building and other construction workers development activity and same will be ensured. Acts and undertaking for the same. 34. Details of the exits and staircase on each floor in Refer Section no. 2.13.2 on page no 2-28 of high rise building for evacuation from the top level Chapter-2. to the street level in compliance to the CGDCR and NBC in this regard along with the details of maximum travel distance to the nearest staircase from the respective farthest corner of the floor as well as distance between the two consecutive staircases. Details requirement & provision of skip floor, refuge area etc. Shall also be submitted. 35. Details on provision of first aid. Fire Fighting and Refer section 7.2.1 on page no. 7-5 of Chapter- other emergency service during construction phase 7. and operation phase including the training to the residential staff of the project as first aid providers, fire fighters etc. 36. Detailed plan for corporate environment Refer section 9.2 on page no 9-1 and for the responsibility in affected area around the project. budgetary allocation refer table 9.1 on page no. With appropriate budgetary provision and time 9-2 of Chapter-9.
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NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE bound action plan with details of activities proposed to be carried out; specific to the current demographic status of the area. 37. Details of R&R involved in the project. Refer section 7.3 on page no. 7-8 of Chapter-7. 38. Copy of permission obtained from aviation We under process of obtaining permission from Authority. Aviation Authority. NOC application has been made to Airport Authority of India vide NOC ID no. SURA/WEST/B/ 060718/312073 the copy of same is enclosed as annexure-VII on page no A- 16. 39. Any litigation (s) pending against the proposed Not Applicable project and /or any direction or orders passed by any court of law/any statutory against the project is to be detailed out. 40. Details on plan for conservation of natural resource Refer section 2.17 on page no.2-33 of Chapter-2. and recycling of waste materials, due to the project activity in the construction and operational phase of the project to be detailed out. 41. Certificate of accreditation issued by the NABET, Refer Chapter-13 for the NABET QCI QCI to the environmental consultant should be Certificate. incorporated in the EIA Report. Certificate of accreditation /Notification of the Environmentally laboratory. 42. An undertaking by the project Proponents on the Given as undertaking by project proponent and ownership of the EIA report as per the declaration by consultant after Cover Page in the MOEF&CC. OM dates 05/10/2011 and an EIA report. undertaking by the consultation regarding the prescribed TORs have been complies with and the data submitted is factually correct as per the MOEF&CC’s OM dates 04/08/2009. 43. Project proponents shall assess environmental Refer Chapter-8 for Environmental Damage damage as per the prevailing guidelines of Assessment, Remediation Plan, Natural and MOEF&CC. orders of Honorable NGT, courts Community Resource Augmentation Plan. regarding cases for violation issued from time to time. 44. A tabular chart with index for point-wise Please refer TOR compliance of this EIA report
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NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE compliance of above TORs. in this Chapter from page no. T-1. The above mentioned project specific Noted. TORs/additional TORs and the model TORs available in the MOEFCC’s sector specific EIA Manual for Township & Area Development Projects shall be considered as generic TORs for preparation of the EIA report in addition to all the relevant information as per the generic structure of EIA given in Appendix III in the EIA Notification, 2006. The project shall be appraised on receipt of the EIA report.
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CHAPTER – 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE OF EIA The Environmental Impact Assessment study is carried out as a part of the process to obtain Environmental Clearance for the proposed area development project for Diamond Research And Mercantile (DREAM) City Limited. Proposed project falls under Category-B, 8(b), Township and Area Development as per EIA Notification dated 14th September, 2006 & its subsequent amendments. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study was carried out during 12th March to 11th June, 2018 and accordingly EIA report has been prepared.
The purpose of the EIA study is identifying existing environmental condition, predicting environmental impacts associated with the proposed project and suggesting measures to mitigate the adverse impacts and to delineate a comprehensive environment management plan along with recommendations and suggestions. The different activities that are likely to take place have been identified and mitigation measures have been proposed.
The overall objective of any EIA study is to identify and assess the adverse impacts of a project in the planning stage itself, so that necessary mitigation measures to prevent or minimize these adverse impacts can be planned early and cost-effectively. In view of this, the specific objectives of this EIA are, • To have an in-depth know-how of the project and to identify the probable sources of pollution that may arises from each stage of the process. • To review the current environmental status of the study area within 10 km radius of the project site by collecting the baseline data on the environmental attributes including air, noise, water, land, ecological, hydro-geological climate and socio-economic environments. • To estimate the impacts of the project on the surrounding environment. • To prepare a comprehensive Environmental Management Plan to ensure that the environmental quality of the area would be preserved. • To formulate a strategy for effective monitoring and identify any deviations in the environmental quality after the project is operational, which would help in evolving measures to counter these.
1.2 PROMOTERS AND THEIR BACKGROUND
Diamond Research And Mercantile (DREAM) City Limited is formed as SPV by the Government of Gujarat. The Board of Directors proposed as under: • Director = Additional Chief Secretary, Urban Development and Housing Department • Director = Additional Chief Secretary, Revenue Department • Director = Principal Secretary, Financial (Expenditure) Department • Director = Chief Executive Officer, GIDB • Director = Municipal Commissioner, Surat Municipal Corporation • Director = Chief Executive Authority, Surat Urban Development Authority • Director = Collector, Surat District • Director = Executive Chairman, DREAM City M/ S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. 1-1
• Director = Five outside experts having knowledge and experience in the field of City Development projects, Land use expert, High security projects, Law and Finance.
1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT M/s. Diamond Research And Mercantile (DREAM) City Limited proposed project of Area Development, the DREAM City project is 681 hectares development located in the southwest of Surat bordering to the 2 x 2 lane Outer Ring Road. Out of 681 ha. of total land, 561.98 ha. is allotted and remaining 119 ha. under possession. The site is flat with elevations ranging between 2.5 and 6.6 m above Mean Sea Level. The present landscape is a merely derelict area without any large trees and hardly any buildings or other elements. The site is mainly in possession of Gujarat Government; some parcels of land are in private hands which are under process for possession. The area development is located at Block No.: 177 & others, Moje: Khajod, Taluka: Surat City, District: Surat, State: Gujarat- 395007.
Identifi- Latitude & cation Longitude 21°6'30.17"N 72°47'37.84"E 21°7'8.13"N A 72°48'17.63"E 21°6'19.44"N B 72°48'31.58"E 21°5'49.31"N C 72°48'20.77"E 21°5'47.57"N D 72°47'47.33"E 21° 4'42.32"N E 72°47'19.03"E 21° 5'12.03"N F 72°46'50.67"E 21° 6'26.06"N G 72°46'37.77"E 21° 7'11.00"N H 72°47'34.89"E
Figure 1-1: Location of the Project Site The other features are briefly summarized hereunder: 1. Availability of all basic facilities like infrastructure, communication, transportation, medical facilities, fuel, water, power, unskilled & skilled manpower, raw materials, road network etc. 2. Proximity of market 3. No R & R will be required, compensation to private patches may be given in Dream city after finalization 4. No national park or wildlife Habitats falls within 10 km radial distance from project site
1.4 SCOPE OF STUDY Environment Impact Assessment and Environment Management Plan including Environmental Damage Assessment, Remediation Plan, Natural and Community Resource Augmentation Plan Report have been prepared in line with Terms of Reference (ToR) issued by SEIAA, Gujarat wide letter no.
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SEIAA/GUJ/TOR/8(b)/587/2018 dated 13.06.2018, attached as Annexure-I. As per the guidelines, the generic structure of EIA is given in EIA notification dated 14th September, 2006 is maintained. The EIA study includes determination of: • Introduction to the project, purpose of the report, information of project proponent and regulatory frame work. • Description of Project and Infrastructure facilities including all environmental aspects of “Area Development Project” during construction and operation phase activities of the proposed project. This chapter also gives information about water requirement during construction & operation phase, wastewater generation & its disposal, solid/municipal/hazardous waste generation, storage facility and disposal. It also provides information about proposed environmental management facilities available at the project site. • Baseline environmental status including meteorological details, identification of baseline status of environmental components of the surrounding area covering air, water, noise and land environment, study of land use pattern, biological environment & socio-economic environment giving details about district Surat and the study area land use pattern. • Identification and prediction of impact, which provides quantification of significant impacts of the proposed project activities on various environmental components. Evaluation of the proposed pollution control facilities has been presented. • The analysis of alternate technology and site. • Environment Monitoring Plan to be adopted for mitigation of anticipated adverse impacts if any and to ensure acceptable impacts. • Benefits of the projects. • Environment cost benefit analysis. • Environment Management Plan (EMP) to be adopted for mitigation of anticipated adverse impacts if any and to ensure acceptable impacts.
The baseline details utilized for the proposed project (based on MoEF&CC / CPCB guidelines) is tabulated below; Table 1.2 Scope of Baseline Study Environmental Nos. of Observations Attributes Locations Meteorology 1 One season site specific meteorological status of the study was carried out for prediction of ground level concentration in downwind direction. Ambient Air 8 The prevailing ambient air quality status was established through Quality a network of stations monitored during the period of 12th March to 11th June, 2018. For this 10 km radius study areas was selected and predictions of impacts on air quality due to proposed operations were carried out through application of air quality models. Water 4 Ground The water quality data with respect to physico-chemical, Water and 4 biological parameters and heavy metals were analyzed to Surface Water established baseline water quality of study area of 10 km. The wastewater generation, its characterization and management were carried out, which was used in assessing the impact of the project on water environment. Noise 8 Noise level measurements were carried out around the project site and it was used in assessing the impact of the project on noise & vibration environment. Soil 7 Soil samples were collected and have been analyzed to understand nutrient status as well as assessing the impact of the project on soil
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Environmental Nos. of Observations Attributes Locations environment. Ecology -- Flora and fauna species was listed based on the available secondary information. Study of flora and fauna was carried out within 10 km radius around the proposed project. Geology -- Geological investigation work has been carried out in and around the study area to know the status of the study area. Risk and Hazard -- Risk Assessment study has been carried out to evaluate risk, Analysis assess its impact associated to the proposed project activity and plan the appropriate action to control risk by the most economical means. Socio-economic -- Baseline status of the socio-economic profile of the study area data with reference to demographic structure, provision of basic amenities, health status incorporating economic pattern in the nearby rural areas (10 km radius) were undertaken, it was used in assessing the impact of the project on socio-economic environment.
1.5 REGULATORY FRAME WORK The project is area development; hence the regulatory framework related with the hazardous or toxic chemicals as well as regulatory provision of risk, emergency & safety management are not applicable to the project. The proponent shall follow the regulatory frame work as listed below and additional applicable provision shall also be referred timely as cited as mandatory provision for project. In any case, proponent shall comply with the regulatory provision as directed through particular regulatory provision. The major regulatory provisions applicable to the project are tabulated as under:
Sr. Legal Instrument (Type, Ref., Year) Concern Authority or Bodies No. 1. Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC 1981 and its subsequent amendments 2. Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC 1974 and its subsequent amendments 3. Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Rules, CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC 1975 and its subsequent amendments 4. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and their Ministry of Environment and Forests, & Climate subsequent amendments Change (MoEF&CC), CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC. 5. EIA Notification, 2006 and its subsequent MoEF&CC, SPCB/UTPCC amendments 6. Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 amended 1992 & Public Liability Insurance Rules, 1991 and MoEF&CC, District Collector its subsequent amendments 7. Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC 2000 and its amendments
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CHAPTER – 2
PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES
2.1 TYPE OF THE PROJECT The Government of Gujarat has initiated realization of a Smart City project named Diamond Research and Mercantile (DREAM) City Limited in Surat. A Special Purpose Vehicle, DREAM City Limited has been formed for the implementation. Government order to form SPV is given in Annexure-V. Khajod Urban Development Authority is created to act as the relevant authority. The DREAM City Steering Committee is for this Master Planning assignment the decision-making authority.
The proposed DREAM City is going to be developed at Block no. 177 & Others (List of others are given in Annexure-4), Khajod, Surat, Gujarat. Total 681 hectares area (Out of 681 ha. of total land, 561.98 ha. is allotted and remaining 119 ha. under possession) is planned for the area development.
DREAM City is 681 hectares developmental project located in the southwest of Surat bordering to the 2 x 2 lane Outer Ring Road. The site is flat with elevations ranging between and 2.5 and 6.6 m above Mean Sea Level. The present landscape is a merely derelict area without any large trees and hardly any buildings or other elements. The site is mainly in possession of Gujarat Government; some parcels of land are in private hands which are under process for possession. The basic amenity work of approach road preparation is initiated.
2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY AND/OR REGION
The Government of Gujarat has initiated a planning process for the realization of Diamond Research and Mercantile (DREAM) City at Surat. This Smart City is projected on a 681 hectares area (Out of 681 ha. of total land, 561.98 ha. is allotted and remaining 119 ha. under possession) and the site is in the southern part of Surat, adjacent to the village of Khajod, the Outer Ring Road and close to the Dumas airport. Dream City Surat will house Gujarat’s third smart city after GIFT City, near Gandhinagar and Dholera. Taking forward Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s concept of building 100 smart cities in the country, Gujarat Chief Minister Anandiben Patel laid the foundation stone for Diamond Research and Mercantile (DREAM) City, to be spread on the outskirts of the city. The DREAM City will mainly house an international diamond trading hub, Surat Diamond Bourse (SDB). Currently, Gujarat is having about 42 per cent urbanization in the State. By 2030, the level of urbanization in the State is projected to be around 60 per cent. Considering the pace of growth, require cities with advanced town planning.
Surat has a strong economic basis with textile and diamond industry along with a booming industrial
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port area, and is growing very fast, resulting in a large demand for commercial and residential space. It is expected that offices, retail and leisure functions will look for new areas to settle outside the congested city centre. They will look for excellent accessibility, excellent amenities and utilities.
2.3 INFORMATION FOR THE VIOLATION
Activity Timeline Land allotment to Dream City with by Government of 29.05.2015 Gujarat on 99 years lease Fresh EC Application for TOR to SEAC 12.04.2018 Construction Activity Started on 05.10.2017 12 mt wide road strengthening from 05.10.2017 to 08.01.2018 Period of Violation 24 mt wide road from 02.11.2017 to 01.03.2018. Construction work was initiated for basic Present Status amenities and now it is stopped. Court Case None To regularize the activity under EIA notification. As per S.O. 804(E) dated 14.03.2017, S.O. Why under Violation? 1030(E) dated 08.03.2018, OM dated 15.03.2018 & 16.03.2018 to the EIA Notification.
The Government of Gujarat has initiated realization of a Smart City project named Diamond Research and Mercantile (DREAM) City in Surat. This Smart City is projected on a 681 hectare site in the southern part of Surat, at village of Khajod, adjacent to the Outer Ring Road and close to the Dumas Airport. Khajod Urban Development Authority was constituted in 2016 to act as a relevant authority. Special Purpose Vehicle, DREAM City Limited has been formed and registered in July, 2015 for the implementation of the project at Khajod. The GIDB has been appointed as the nodal agency for preparing the Master Plan of the project area.
The Government of Gujarat by its revenue department resolution has allotted Land to DREAM City LTD. for the project. The site is mainly in possession of Gujarat Government; some parcels of land are in private hands which are under process for possession.
DREAM city does not have any intension of violating any regulation applicable to the project, no work of development was started by DREAM city at the site. However, Surat Diamond Bourse (SDB) was granted development rights on one of the plot in the DREAM city.
Being a facilitator, who has allotted development rights to SDB, it is necessary for DREAM city to take
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up primary infrastructure development activities like strengthening of the kaccha road, providing water supply and drainage facility. Construction details of infrastructures like road and drainage pipeline and its photographs are given in figure 2.7 and figure 2.8 respectively. This DREAM City project is being developed by the Government of Gujarat in the same way as the GIFT (Gujarat International Finance Tech) City where all the permissions are obtained by GIFT city and developers are only given the rights of development.
No development work of permanent nature has been carried out by Dream City. Dream City has not commenced any development work as per the proposed development plan and there was no intension of starting any development work without obtaining EC. The temporary/ad hoc work carried out was to provide access to the interior and inaccessible areas of the project site for basic surveying and ancillary activities. It was an absolutely unintentional violation of EIA notification.
As this, project is of a common good purpose and no individual person or entity is receiving and financial gain, no deliberate breach of any regulation was ever intended.
2.4 LOCATION M/s. Diamond Research and Mercantile (Dream) City Limited is planned and realization of Smart City project in Surat to set up the Area Development called as “Dream City” at Block No. 177 & Others , Moje: Khajod, Taluka: Surat City, District: Surat, State: Gujarat-395007. Land allotment letter is attached as Annexure-III present land topography was Government waste land and almost flat to semi flat which will change to residential, high rise commercial, institute, etc settlements. Land for this project is allotted with developmental rights only by Urban Development and Urban Housing Department, Govt. of Gujarat as it is government waste land and some private patches of land of comes which are under possession. Contour plan of the area is given in Annexure-X. This project situated at 21°06'20.14"N latitude and 72°47'28.86"E longitude. Dream City is going to come in South West direction of Surat City near to Khajod village. The site is adjacent to State Highway no. 168. An index map showing project site is given in Figure- 2.1, Google image of the study area with all features in Figure 2.2, google image showing project boundary in Figure 2.3 and topography map showing 10 km Radius study area of project site is given in Figure 2.4.
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Figure-2.1 Index-Map
Figure-2.1 Index-Map
Source: Map of India & Google earth
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Table-2.1 Area of the Site within 10 km radius Sr. Feature Description No. 1. Address Block No. 177 & others, Moje- Khajod, Taluka- Surat City, District – Surat, State- Gujarat-395007 2. GPS Co-ordinates Identification Latitude & Longitude 21° 6'30.17"N 72°47'37.84"E A 21° 7'8.13"N 72°48'17.63"E B 21° 6'19.44"N 72°48'31.58"E C 21° 5'49.31"N 72°48'20.77"E D 21° 5'47.57"N 72°47'47.33"E E 21° 4'42.32"N 72°47'19.03"E F 21° 5'12.03"N 72°46'50.67"E G 21° 6'26.06"N 72°46'37.77"E H 21° 7'11.00"N 72°47'34.89"E
3. Power station Dakshin Gujarat Vij Company Limited 4. Temperature Range 12-45 °C 5. Annual Rainfall 1192 m 6. Nearest Airport Surat at approximately 5 km from the proposed site in West North West direction. 7. Nearest Road NH-288, 6.59 km in NE SH-168, adjacent to the project site in N 8. Nearest Railway Station Bhestan at approx. 7.4 km from proposed site in East direction Surat railway station is the nearest major railway station around 10.3 km in north east direction 9. Nearest City Project Site is located adjoining to Surat city 10. Nearest River Tapi River is around 6.7 km away from the project site in north direction. Mindhola (Kankara) Creek is around 0.5 km in east direction from the project site Mindhola River is around 2.8 km in south direction from the project site 11. Seismic Zone Zone-III (Medium Risk Zone) 12. National Park and / None within 10 km radius. Sanctuary 13. Cultural Heritage Temple of Chamunda Mata, Navdurga Mata are observed in 10 km study area but not located within the project site. Various annual celebration of temple anniversary, Navratri, etc. being celebrated at the temples.
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Figure-2.2 Google Image of the Project area (10 km)
Source: Google Earth
Figure-2.3 Boundaries of the proposed project site
Source: Google Earth
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Figure-2.4 Topography Map of Project Study area 10 km radius
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Figure-2.5 Key Plan of the Project
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Figure-2.6 Master Plan of the Project
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Figure-2.7 Layout of Road Constructed & Drainage pipeline
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Figure-2.8 Photograph of proposed project Site & Constructed Road
2.5 IMPORTANT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT Proposed Area Development Project “Dream City” which is located at Block No.: 177 & Others, Moje: Khajod, Taluka: Surat City, District: Surat, State: Gujarat- 395007. This pioneer development has the main following features;
Total plot area of 68,16,826 Sq.m. or 681 Hector.
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The total Built up area of the project is approx. 87,95,894 Sq. m. Well-designed internal drive way & basements. Stand by D.G.sets for power source back-up. Usage of solar energy at strategic place. Excellent landscaping – featuring trees, lawns, flowering buds. Well planned & designed rainwater recycling & reuse facilities. Well designed Sewage Treatment Plant to treat the generated domestic sewage. Well planned solid waste management system.
2.5.1 CRZ-Applicability for the project Site
As per CRZ notification 2011, CRZ shall apply to the land area between HTL to 100 mts or width of the creek whichever is less on the landward side along the tidal influenced water bodies that are connected to the sea. CRZ clearance is not applicable for the proposed project activity and Dream City assures that no development will be take place within CRZ areas. So, proposed project will not require obtaining CRZ clearance.
2.6 PROPOSED SCHEDULE AND APPROVAL FOR IMPLEMENTATION Implementation of Project within a pre-determined time frame is an important factor for the success of a project. Timely implementation saves on various costs like interest, administrative overheads and helps to realize the goals as per pre-determined objectives. Implementation of project involves co-ordination of different activities at various levels of the firm and amongst different outside agencies. The details of project implementation are described as below;
Table 2.2 Project Implementation Schedule Sr. Particulars Duration In Month No. 1. Phase-1 Jan 2019-2020 (1 Year) 2. Phase-2 February 2020- August 2021 (1.6 Year) 3. Phase-3 September 2021-October 2023 (2 Years) 4. Phase-4 November 2023 – December 2024 (1 Year) 5. Phase-5 January 2025- June 2025 (6 Month) TOTAL 6 Years
2.7 PROJECT FACILITIES Proposed project site is located at Khajod, key plan of the project site is given in figure 2.5 and approved master plan of the project is shown in figure 2.6. Powers conferred to Dream City from KHUDA is given in Annexure-II. Basic details of the proposed area development projects are given below;
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Table 2.3 Project Planning Details FACILITIES LAND AREA (SQM) Commercial Business 7,68,300 C1- Commercial (Diamond Bourse) 1,43,800 C1- Commercial (Offices/Hospitality) 2,90,347 C2- Commercial (Retail) 54,658 C3- Peripheral Commercial 2,79,495 Mixed Uses 2,61,849 M1- Mixed Offices 76,157 M2- Mixed Retail 1,01,329 M3- Mixed Peripheral Commercial 84,363 Institutional 43,601 Residential 20,09,042 R1- Perimeter Residential Blocks 18,37,748 R2- Villas 70,501 R3- Affordable Housing 1,00,793 Public Amenities & Utilities 2,36,844 Recreational 7,38,558 G1- Gardens & Playgrounds/Open Plazas 2,96,545 G2- Open Greens 4,42,013 Transportation 11,70,097 Total Land Use Area 52,28,291 Sports Park 1,77,376 Surat Park 4,49,213 Regional Arterial Roads (DP Roads, Backbone, NS & 4,35,492 West avenue) Area For Future Residential Development 61,960 Area For Other Future Development 4,64,494 Total Project Area 68,16,826 Source: Master plan of Dream City
2.7.1 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT SITE Proposed scope of the project is given in below table for the proposed area development project. Maximum height of the building within the project will be 81.91 mt. Dream City being area development project has prepared master plan. According to master plan, Dream City will consist Commercial Business, Mixed uses, institutional, residential, public amenities & utilities, recreational and others developments. According to this area and its FSI are distributed but detailed area statement will be depended up on individual developers. Scope of the project is given in table 2.4.
Table 2.4 Scope of the project Land area Percen Buildable Particular FSI Population Visitors (M2) tage Area (M2) Commercial Business 76,83,00 - 15% 1,65,990 34,101 17,80,394 C1- Commercial (Diamond Bourse) 1,43,800 2.76 3% 57,520 12,654 3,96,888 C1- Commercial (Offices/Hospitality) 2,90,347 3 6% 87,104 4,355 8,71,041 C2- Commercial (Retail) 54,658 2 1% 2,733 2,186 1,09,316 C3- Peripheral Commercial 2,79,495 2 5% 18,633 14,906 5,58,990
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Land area Percen Buildable Particular FSI Population Visitors (M2) tage Area (M2) Mixed Uses 2,61,849 5% 53,229 36,491 5,99,855 M1- Mixed Offices 76,157 3 1% 20,309 10,154 2,28,471 M2- Mixed Retail 1,01,329 2 2% 20,266 16,213 2,02,658 M3- Mixed Peripheral Commercial 84,363 2 2% 12,654 10,124 1,68,726 Institutional 43,601 2 1% 6,540 6,540 87,202 Residential 20,09,042 38% 2,56,679 12,834 49,67,250 R1- Perimeter Residential Blocks 18,37,748 2.5 35% 2,29,719 11,486 45,94,370 R2- Villas 70,501 1 1% 1,763 88 70,501 R3- Affordable Housing 1,00,793 3 2% 25,198 1,260 3,02,379 Public Amenities & Utilities 2,36,844 1.5 5% 3,55,266 Recreational 7,38,558 14% 23,667 7,38,558 G1- Gardens & Playgrounds/Open 2,96,545 6% 14,827 Plazas G2- Open Greens 4,42,013 8% 8,840 Transportation 11,70,097 22% Total Land Use Area 52,28,291 100% 31,330 Sports Park 1,77,376 8,869 Surat Park 4,49,213 22,461 Regional Arterial Roads (DP Roads, 4,35,492 Backbone, Ns & West avenue) Area For Future Residential 61,960 1.8 64,841 3,242 1,11,528 Development Area For Future Development 4,64,494 Total Project Area 68,16,826 - - 5,47,279 1,48,205 87,95,894 Source: Master plan of Dream City
2.7.2 CHANGE OF TOPOGRAPHY AND LAND USE DUE TO THE PROJECT The Urban Development & Urban Housing Department, Government of Gujarat has formed KHUDA and Dream City Ltd for the Development of Smart City in Surat. The government open waste land is allotted to Dream City Ltd by Revenue Department, Government of Gujarat. The project area is government open waste land and there is no settlement near to that. The topography of the site is almost flat to semi flat and low lying area is towards west, southern west and southern eastern area. Excavation within the development will be refilled. Minor agricultural activities are observed while near to costal area prawns farming is exist. After the development, the area will be transformed from open waste land to well developed area and high rise buildings. This area development project consists of Commercial Business, Mixed Uses, Institutional, Residential, Public Amenities & Utilities, Recreational, etc amenities will going to take place. Each amenity will be given developmental rights for 99 years on lease. Land use of the project is given in above table with area statement. Contour plan of the area is given in Annexure-X.
2.7.3 PARKING DETAILS The road network is composed of three types of roads: The main corridors 60 m wide, with 2 x 4 lanes and service roads, the avenues, typically 40 m wide with 2 x 2 lanes and local or residential roads, 16 m wide, with two lanes, parallel parking and sidewalks. All major roads have bicycle tracks at both sides. All roads and streets will have decent sidewalks.
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Parking standards are deliberately on a relatively low level in order to stimulate the use of public transportation, cycling and walking. Paid parking and enforcement of parking regulations will be introduced. The Diamond Bourse and neighbouring commercial blocks have a FSI of maximum 3 and in the rest of DREAM City the density is on an average level of FSI 2.
Table 2.5 Parking Standards Land area Particular Parking Standard for Dream City (M2) Commercial 768300 Business - C1- Commercial 143800 All parking for commercial cluster is organized on private (Diamond Bourse) property. Parking standard is max 1.5 ECS / 100 m2 built-up area C1 C1- Commercial for commercial space including 2 parking places for two 290347 (Offices/Hospitality) wheelers. On private plots in setbacks at backside and both sides, on front. C2- Commercial 54658 C2 Setbacks: Distance between two buildings to be 1/3rd of height (Retail) of building or 5m, whichever higher C3- Peripheral Parking standard is 1.5 ECS/100 m2 built up area & 2 parking 279495 C3 Commercial space for two wheelers. Mixed Uses 261849 - 2 floors of parking at intermediate level. Parking standard is 1 M1- Mixed Offices 76157 M1 ECS / 100 m2 of built up area 2 floors of parking at intermediate level. Parking standard is 1 M2- Mixed Retail 101329 M2 ECS / 100 m2 of built up area M3- Mixed 2 Peripheral 84363 M3 Parking standard is max 1.5 ECS /100 m built up area including Commercial 2 parking places for 2 wheelers. Parking standard is max 1.5 ECS /100 m2 built up area including Institutional 43601 I 2 parking places for 2 wheelers. Residential 2009042 - R1- Perimeter 1837748 R1 Parking standard is max 1 ECS/ 100 sq mt built up area Residential Blocks R2- Villas 70501 R2 Parking standard is max 2 ECS /unit on private property R3- Affordable Parking standard is max 1 ECS / 100 sq mt built up area and 100793 R3 Housing residential streets parallel to driveway Public Amenities & 236844 P1 Parking standard is max 1.5 ECS/100 m2 built up area Utilities Recreational 738558 - G1- Gardens & Playgrounds/Open 296545 Plazas - G2- Open Greens 442013 - Transportation 1170097 - Total Land Use 5228291 Area - Sports Park 177376 G2 Open air parking allowed over max 15% of total area Surat Park 449213 - Regional Arterial Roads (DP Roads, 435492 Backbone, Ns & West avenue) -
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Land area Particular Parking Standard for Dream City (M2) Area For Future Residential 61960 Development - Area For Future 464494 Development - Total Project Area 6816826 - Source: Master plan of Dream City
2.7.4 AMENITIES AT PROJECT SITE The required space for urban amenities is based on generally applied standards for Indian cities. Proposed project site is provided with all latest metropolitans amenities includes sports park, Transportation, Main Entrance lobby & reception, Food Zone, Medical Centre, Conference Hall, Banquet Hall, Approach Roads. Total land area of 236844 Sq.Mt. will be providing for the amenities at the project Site. Figure-2.9 Amenities at Project Site
2.8 COST OF THE PROJECT The total cost involved in setting up of the project is estimated to be about Rs. 29,981 Crores.
Table 2.6 Cost Break up for the proposed project Sr. No Description of Item Cost in Rs. Crores 1. Investments 25,483/- 2. O & M Cost 4,498/- Total 29,981/-
2.9 RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS
Requirement of various resources and utilities for the project during both the construction and operational phases are discussed in detail in the succeeding sections.
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2.9.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE For the construction of area development project of Dream city, individual developers will be allotted land and developmental rights to develop the amenities. For the constructional activities, following equipments are listed which may be utilized with respect to constructional activities. Table.2.7 Equipment required during construction phase Sr. No. Description
1 Concrete mixers 2 Concrete pumps 3 JCB Excavators 4 Earth Rammers 5 Excavators 6 Bulldozers 7 Tractors Trailers Tankers 8 Trucks 9 Tippers 10 Batching Plants 11 Dumpers 12 Cranes 13 D.G Set 14 Other construction equipments
2.9.2 MANPOWER REQUIREMENT FOR THE CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION PHASE Most of the labors for the construction work will be employed from the local and surrounding areas and temporary labor colony is already provided during construction phase. Workers for construction phase are calculated on the phase wise, considering five phases. While operation phase, permanent and floating population is considered on the basis of project plan. Requirement for the workers for construction phase and permanent population and visitor population for operation phase is given in here below.
Particular Nos. Total Persons During Construction Phase Nos. of workers 5000 phase wise During Operation phase Permanent Population 5,47,279 Visitors Population 1,48,205
2.9.3 RAW MATERIALS REQUIREMENT DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE Raw materials required for the proposed construction activities will be based on individual construction plan. Dream city will give land to developers with development rights for 99 years. So raw materials are not fixed for the construction activities but it can be assumed that minimum following raw materials will be
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used for the construction activities. Table 2.8 List of Raw Material
Sr. No. Material Mode of Transportation
1. Cement 2. Sand 3. Coarse Aggregate By Road from local market. 4. Reinforced Steel 5. Bricks
2.9.4 ENERGY REQUIREMENTS Power demand for various consumers in DREAM City i.e. residential, commercial and Diamond bourse is estimated on 370 MVA. It is anticipated that power supply shall be arranged from nearby 400 KV substations. DREAM City needs to have universal access to electricity 24x7. This may not be possible with the existing supply and distribution schemes in the state, which means that the existing network needs upgrading to cater for the growing demand. Power will be sourced from Dakshin Gujarat Vij Company Limited (DGVCL) and GETCO.
2.10 SOURCE OF WATER, WATER REQUIREMENTS AND WASTE WATER GENERATION The main source of water supply will be Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC) permission letter is given in Annexure-VIII. Treated water will be supplied from SMC water. Total water requirement for the proposed project during operational phase will be 55 MLD. Around 45 MLD waste water will be generated from the proposed area development project and it will be treated in the proposed STP. Treated water will be reused for green area and for flushing purpose. One major STP is proposed to treat the waste water generated from different user groups at a centralized location so as to best utilize the treated waste water.
Table 2.9 Water Requirement and Waste Water Generation: (Construction Phase) WASTEWATER SR. WATER REQUIREMENT PURPOSE GENERATION NO. (MLD) (MLD) Domestic, Construction & 1. 2.9 0.9 Sprinkling activity TOTAL 2.9 0.9
Table 2.10 Water Requirement and Waste Water Generation: (Operation Phase) WASTE WATER WATER CONSUMPTION NO. PARTICULAR GENERATION (MLD) (MLD) 1. Permanent Population 30.1 27.08 2. Visitors 1.68 1.22 3. Gardening 4.75 -- 4. Others 18.47 16.7 TOTAL 55 45
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Figure-2.10 Water Balance
Water Requirements 55 MLD (Fresh 15 MLD and Recycle 40 MLD)
Domestic Others 31.78 MLD: (Fresh 10 18.47 MLD: (Fresh 5 Gardening 4.75 MLD MLD and Recycle MLD and Recycle 13.47 21.78MLD) MLD
Waste water generation Waste water generation 28.3 KLD 16.7 KLD
40 MLD Recycle Water
Waste water generation 45 MLD
Loss
Sewage Treatment Plant
44 MLD
2.10.1 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT (STP) One major STP is proposed to treat the waste water generated from different user groups at a centralized location so as to best utilize the treated waste water. The Plant is based on Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) Technology based on popularity. Unlike various processes of treatments the raw sewage as obtained for the treatment undergoes Physio-Chemical & Biological treatments. Trunk sewers collecting sewage from several areas and conveying it to the STP; Sewage pumping stations to transport sewage to trunk mains or treatment plants; Recycle water distribution system to transport treated effluent to the users of recycled water Outfall drains to transport surplus treated effluent to the final disposal point. The major treatment units proposed to be provided for proposed 85 MLD plant comprise of the following as minimum requirement: 1. Inlet Chamber 2. Fine Screen Chamber 3. Grit chamber / mechanism
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4. Parshall flume for flow measurement 5. Sequential Batch Reactor 6. UV Disinfection System 7. Sludge Thickener 8. Mechanical Dewatering System
The other units required are:
a) Road Reinstatement on work completion b) Storm water drain with plant premises
c) Effluent disposal line d) Plant pathways Plinth Protection.
Technical Note on Proposed Treatment Scheme Existing 30 MLD Sewage treatment plant is going for expansion with considering requirement of Dream City up to 85 MLD STP at Khajod under south west drainage zone. Presently peak flow is considered as 60 MLD with peak factor of 2. The treatment plant shall be designed to treat the sewage as per the following standards to make it suitable to discharge into Bamroli Creek. Table 2.11 Characteristic of Treated Water Sr. Parameters Unit Raw Sewage Treated Effluent No. 1. pH -- 7.5 6.9 to 7.5
2. BOD5 mg/l 225 ≤ 10 3. COD mg/l 400 ≤ 50 4. Suspended Solids mg/l 300 ≤ 10 5. TKN mg/l 30 -- 6. Ammonical Nitrogen mg/l 15 -- 7. Total Nitrogen mg/l 32 ≤ 10 8. Total Phosphorus mg/l 7 ≤ 2 9. Fecal Coliform Count MPN/100 ml 1 x 105 ≤ 100
Initially the sewage shall be subjected to pre-treatment which includes removal of floating material through screen and grits with the help of grit removal Mechanism. From the Inlet Chamber, the sewage will overflow to Screen Chambers, each screen channel comprising of mechanical Fine Bar Screen suitable for design peak flow shall be provided. Multirake Fine bar screens shall be provided for removal of floating materials, etc. shall be provided in each screen channel. After screening, the sewage shall overflow to grit chambers for removal and washing of grits from the sewage. Each Grit Chamber shall have Grit mechanism, Grit Washing Mechanism and Classifier Mechanism which will collect the grit and transfer the same to the Discharge/Collection Point. After grit removal, the sewage
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shall pass through Parshall flume for flow measurement the flow measurement shall be carried out with the help of ultrasonic flow meter. From Pre-treatment, the sewage shall be fed into the Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) Process Basins for biological treatment to remove BOD, COD, and Suspended Solids. Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) shall work in Cyclic / Batch mode in single step. The partially treated sewage after enters the Selector Zone, where anoxic-mix conditions are maintained. Also, a part of the treated effluent along with activated sludge from the Aeration Zone is recycled here using Return Activated Sludge (RAS) Pump. As the microorganisms meet high BOD and low DO condition in the Selector Zone, natural selection of predominantly floc-forming microorganisms takes place. This is very effective in containing all of the known low F/M bulking microorganisms, which eliminates problems of sludge bulking and sludge foaming. This process ensures excellent settling characteristics of the biological sludge. Also, due to the anoxic conditions in the Selector Zone, De-nitrification and Phosphorous removal occurs, in case Nitrogen and Phosphorous levels are high in the sewage. Then after it enters into aerobic reactors, where it shall perform biological Organic Removal, Nitrification and shall be capable of simultaneous sludge stabilization. The oxygen required shall be supplied through fixed type Fine Bubble Diffused Aeration System with auto control of oxygen level in the Basins. The system shall have a SVI < 120 for higher settling rates and should be designed in such a way that growth of filamentous bacteria is restricted. The complete operation including Filling of Sewage, Aeration, Sludge Recirculation, Decanting and Wasting of Excess Sludge shall be controlled by PLC. The required oxygen shall be provided by fine bubble membrane air diffusers of submersible type. The SBR basin shall have suitable submersible types of pumps which return the activated sludge back into to the reactor basins and to pump the surplus activated sludge to sludge sump / dewatering units. a) Monorail and chain pulley block (manually operated) shall be provided for all pump houses (both underground and above ground), Blower room, etc. as required of adequate capacity. Monorail shall be extended outside pump house / building to facilitate loading / unloading of equipment directly on vehicle, for which ramp approach shall be given. b) Adequate measure shall be taken to prevent dry running of the pump. Low level to trip the pump shall be above the top of pump casing. The sump floor shall slope towards suction pit / channel. Care must take especially for underground sludge sumps to provide suction pit of adequate size for emptying the sump for ease of maintenance. c) Effective liquid depth of units shall be considered between levels corresponding to lowest level switch and highest level switch. Flooded suction requires that lowest level switch shall not be lower than the elevation of discharge flange of pump. d) Operating platforms shall be provided for operation of any equipment or valve causing inconvenience to operate from ground/floor level. For operating height above 1.5 m operating
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platform must be provided. Platform shall have minimum width of 900mm with galvanized grating / chequered plate. e) All pump areas / pedestals shall be provided with kerb walls and suitable arrangement for collection of leakage. In dry wells, necessary drain collection pit and dewatering pump of sufficient capacity and head requirement having auto operation with low and high level switches shall be provided in all pump houses, especially underground pump house for this purpose. f) Vehicular approach shall be provided to units wherever required from operation and maintenance point of view. g) Flushing connections shall be provided for all sludge handling units and sludge lines. h) Access to platforms shall be by ladders. Access shall be by stairway if unit required frequent attention of operating personnel. i) Adjoining units shall be connected with operating platform (with hand railing). j) The clear distance between adjacent pump / blower pedestal shall be 1000 mm. The clear distance from pedestal to internal face of walls shall not be less than 1500 mm. The clear distance from pedestal to internal face of walls on motor side of the pumps shall not be less than 1500mm. k) Minimum clearance of 500 mm shall be provided around pumps, blowers-if any, equipment pedestal for paving etc. l) Motors of all pumps and blowers shall be covered with canopy. m) All chemical dosing pumps shall be provided with pulsation dampeners. Metering pumps shall have bypass with valves and external pressure safety valves. n) Safety shower and eye wash facility, service water connection shall be provided near chemical handling areas, especially chlorination area and polyelectrolyte/BFP area. o) All instrument indication facility shall be readable from grade. p) All below ground valves (including sludge outlets of clarifiers and thickeners) shall be operable from ground by providing extended spindle and hand wheel arrangement. q) Epoxy lining in polyelectrolyte tanks and other units as required shall be provided. Complete wetted surface including free board and top of walls shall be lined. r) Large tanks shall be able to be segregated for manual de-sludging, whenever required along with drain piping. s) Common delivery header and suction header of pumps (and blowers) shall be provided with a blind flange on one end. t) In case vehicle is used for sludge/grit collecting and transferring tractor trolley type shall be used. u) All motors shall have running indication. v) Flow measurement shall be provided at all chemical dosing lines as well as sludge pump lines. w) Clear Distance between two civil units should be more than 5 m.
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Table-2.12 Details of Sewage Treatment Plant Units
Sr. No Name of Units Qty Size 1. Inlet Chamber 01 5.3 m X 5.3 m X 1.5 m LD 2. Screen 02 0.5 m Wide X 1.20 m LD 3. Grit Chamber 02 6.0 m X 6.0 m 1.2 m LD 4. Parshall 01 1.0 m Wide X 15 m LONG 5. SBR 04 28.00 m X 28.00 m X 5.8 m LD 6. Air Blower Room 01 15.00 m X 8.00 m 7. UV Disinfection 01 11.8 m X 1.20 m X 1.5 m LD Thickener Feed Sludge Sump Wet Well: 4.50 M X 3.50 m X 2.00 m LD 8. 01 & Pump House Dry Well: 4.50 m X 6.00 m 9. Thickener House 01 13.00 m X 15.0 m Centrifuge Feed Sump & Wet Well: 4.00 m X 3.50 m X 2.00 M LD 10. 01 Pump House Dry Well: 4.50 m X 6.00 m 11. Centrifuge House 01 15.00 m X 13.00 m 12. Supernatant Sump 01 3.20 m X 3.20 m x 1.5 m LD 13. H.T.Room 01 6.00 m X 6.00 m x 4.00 m 14. L.T.Room 01 10.00 m X 6.00 m x 4.00 m LD 15. Transformer Area 01 12.00 m X 10.00 m 16. Blower Panel Area 01 7.00 m X 4.00 m 17. Inlet Panel Room 01 6.00 m X 6.00 m
Table-2.13 Budget Allocation for the Installation, Operation and Maintenance Sr. No. Particulars Sewage Treatment Plant
1. Type Sequential Batch reactor-SBR 2. Capacity 85 MLD 3. Initial Cost INR 163.03 Cr 4. General Maintenance Cost/Month INR 7,45,280/Month 5. Manpower Cost INR 9316000/Month 6. Consumable Cost INR 465800/Month 7. Chemical Cost INR 10247600/Month 8. Electrical Cost INR 34469200/Month Total O & M Cost/Month (Rs. In lacs) 55,243,880.00
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Figure 2.11 STP Flow Diagram
2.11 AIR ENVIRONMENT In this unit, flue gas emission is the main source of air pollution. Main source of fugitive emission are during construction phase. During operation phase of the project, requirement of the DG sets are identified as per Master Plan of Dream City but it will be installed by individual developers so accurate location of DG sets are not available. Various potential of air pollution are described below under respective heading: The details of flue gas stack are given in table below:
Table 2.14 Details of Flue Gas Stacks Sr. Stack Height & Air pollution Pollutant GPCB Stack Detail Fuel used No. Diameter control system Limit D. G. SET – Diesel is used as SPM < 150 mg/Nm3 Diesel 1360 Ht. - 30 M 1. stand by purpose fuel. Adequate SO < 100 ppm Lit/Hr Dia. - 0.8 M 2 Cap.: 2000 KVA X 4 stack height is NOx < 50 ppm D. G. SET – provided SPM < 150 mg/Nm3 Diesel 1020 Ht. - 16 M 2. stand by purpose SO < 100 ppm Lit/Hr Dia. - 0.8 M 2 Cap.: 2000 KVA X 3 NOx < 50 ppm D. G. SET – Diesel is used as SPM < 150 mg/Nm3 Diesel 1360 Ht. - 30 M 3. stand by purpose fuel. Adequate SO < 100 ppm Lit/Hr Dia. - 0.8 M 2 Cap.: 2000 KVA X 4 stack height is NOx < 50 ppm D. G. SET – provided SPM < 150 mg/Nm3 Diesel 1360 Ht. - 30 M 4. stand by purpose SO < 100 ppm Lit/Hr Dia. - 0.8 M 2 Cap.: 2000 KVA X 4 NOx < 50 ppm D. G. SET – SPM < 150 mg/Nm3 Ht. - 15M Diesel is used as 5. stand by purpose Diesel 680 Lit/Hr SO < 100 ppm Dia. - 0.8 M fuel. Adequate 2 Cap.: 2000 KVA X 2 NO < 50 ppm stack height is x D. G. SET – Ht. - 15M SPM < 150 mg/Nm3 6. Diesel 680 Lit/Hr provided stand by purpose Dia. - 0.8 M SO2 < 100 ppm
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Sr. Stack Height & Air pollution Pollutant GPCB Stack Detail Fuel used No. Diameter control system Limit
Cap.: 2000 KVA X 2 NO x < 50 ppm D. G. SET – SPM < 150 mg/Nm 3 Ht. - 10M 7. stand by purpose Diesel 340 Lit/Hr SO < 100 ppm Dia. - 0.8 M 2 Cap.: 2000 KVA X1 NO x < 50 ppm D. G. SET – SPM < 150 mg/Nm 3 Diesel 2340 Ht. - 10M 8. stand by purpose SO < 100 ppm Lit/Hr Dia. - 0.8 M 2 Cap.: 2000 KVA X 1 NO x < 50 ppm
2.11.1 SOURCE OF FUGITIVE EMISSION (DUST) AND ITS CONTROL The sources of air emissions for the construction phase will be during site clearing, emission from vehicles used for transportation of man and material to the site, emission from DG sets and from construction equipments. These emissions are expected to have temporary adverse impact on the ambient air quality of the surroundings of the construction site only during the construction phase.
Due to the construction activity traffic at the site will have more intensive and much heavier than normal operating conditions. In turn, it will subject roads to more stress. The prevailing soil surface particles within the proposed plant area have a tendency to become airborne by vehicular tyres once the area is disturbed by construction activities. This dust will lead to an increase in the background SPM concentration of the area. To control dust emission, water sprinkling will be done regularly, barricade will be done at construction site minimum 3 mts, approach roads shall developed for the construction activities, it will be ensured by Dream City that gardening activities shall be started by developers at the time of construction activities.
2.12 SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT Estimated quantity of domestic waste generated due to the construction workers will be (25000 person x 200 gm / Person / Day) = 5000 kg/day. Separate bins will be provided for collection of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) at different places and the same will be collectively disposed off through Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC). Construction waste will consist of construction debris along with cement bags, steel scrap, packing materials etc. Construction debris will be reused for backfilling and internal road development. Steel scrap will be sold to authorized recyclers. Cement Bag, packing material, etc. will be sold to authorized recyclers. Solid waste generation for the operation phase is given in Table No 2.15 . Dream City Ltd is a SPV for the development of Smart city project initiated in Surat by Government of Gujarat. The promoters of the project are heads of various government divisions including departments of SMC ( Section 1.2 ). SMC has solid waste management site hence same facility will be utilized for management of solid waste generated from the project for which permission is given in Annexure-VIII . Plastic waste, e-waste and biomedical waste generated from the project will be sent to authorized re-processors or disposal facility. OWC will be installed by individual developers as per their requirement so it is not possible to locate will be in the Master Plan of the project. These wastes will be generated from different types of usages as Master Plan of the project given in figure- 2.6.
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Table 2.15 Details of Solid Waste Generation and Its Disposal Method during Operation phase Generation Quantity Type of waste (Kg/day) Mode of waste collection Mode of Disposal / Reuse Dry waste 130 TPD Auto-tippers of capacity 1.1 Handover to Relevant Local authority @200g/day cum/2.5 cum to facilitate Wet waste segregated waste collection. Composting and Utilizing as fertilizer 78 TPD (60%) for landscape. Biodegradable, 52 TPD (40%) Non- Collection in specific bins and biodegradable segregation at Common OWC/Garbage processing room. STP Sludge 8813 kg/Day OWC & STP located close to Composting and utilizing as manure. each other Biomedical 200-300 gm/bed/day Bio-Medical waste will be collected and treated by authorized CBMWF Waste
Solid waste disposal site is located in east of the project site; therefore the site will be closed and replaced as per the solid waste guideline, will be reclaimed and isolated, covered with soil and redeveloped this area for recreational activity (Sports Park and Surat Park) which is feasible as per the guideline. Various types of electrical and electronic wastes (e-waste) will be generating, which includes computers, CDs, shall be transportation to the authorized recyclers approved by the state pollution control boards. There shall also be provision for storage of these wastes in the building before transportation.
Table-2.16 Calculation Organic Waste Collector Sr. Descriptions Unit Value No. Building Complex 1 Population No's 547280 2 Waste Generation per day kg/person 0.2 Biodegradable waste kg/person 0.12 Non Biodegradable waste kg/person 0.08 3 Total Organic waste (Office+Food waste) kg 65673.6 4 Garden Waste (Assumed) kg 50 5 STP Waste kg 8813 6 Total biodegradable Waste Per Day kg 74536.6 7 Total Non-biodegradable Waste Per Day kg 43782.4 Number of storage days Day's 2 8 Total Organic waste kg 74536.6
Density of wet waste kg/Cu.m 240 Volume of wet waste Cum 310.56
Total Non Biodegradable kg 43782.4 Density of dry waste kg/Cu.m 50 Volume of Non Biodegradale Waste Cu.m 875.648 9 For 2 days Cu.m 1751.296 10 Waste Collection Bin Size
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Sr. Descriptions Unit Value No. Length m 0.75 Width m 0.75 Height m 1.2 Volume of one Bin Cu.m 0.675 Number of Waste Collection Bin required 11 For Organic Waste No's 460
For Non Biodegradable Waste No's 1297
Figure-2.12 Layout of Single OWC
Machine Type: Fully automatic organic waste composting unit with PLC based control system, Processing capacity for single waste collector will: 5000 kg/day (installation capacity considered as 10 TPD). Types of waste processed: All organic waste, food leftover, kitchen waste, garden waste, lawn waste. Equipments included: Fully automatic composting unit, shredding unit, dewatering unit, waste handling unit & storing unit, compost storage unit. Dimension of the one OWC machine is : 15ft x 6ft x 7.5ft (L.W.H), MOC of the machinery will be SS and MS. Dedicated space of 90 x 80ft and constructed space of Wet waste storage Room, Dry Waste Storage Room, & Scrap & other waste storage room in the confined space of 90ft x 80ft.
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stored in a tank or diverted to artificial recharge system. This method is less expensive and very effective and if implemented properly helps in augmenting the ground water level of the area. As the growth of Surat city is far ahead of the rate at which the water supply system is being upgraded, it becomes necessary to think of alternative source of water for the daily needs for secondary purposes like washing, gardening etc. In these lines, rain water harvesting is gaining importance and has been a part of building by-laws. Around 16-25 MLD of fresh water saving can be achieved by adopting rooftop rainwater harvesting and recycle/re-use of treated sewage for non-potable uses. Rooftop water captured will be supplied to the recycle water storage thus releasing load on the recycle water supply and thus promoting on source utilization of thus captured rainwater reducing distribution and centralized storage costs. As part of flood mitigation measures 10% of total roof top in DREAM City has been considered for implementing Rainwater Harvesting through storage of water and another 10% has been considered for the recharge of ground water.
Table-2.18 Preliminary Cost Estimate Sr. Component Cost (Rs. Crores) No 1. 7 Km Bund 8.5m high as per concept design 110 Storage Basin with pumping machinery for pumping the runoff in 2. 10 sea during high tides 3. Check Dam (2 nos.) 1 Roof top Rainwater Harvesting (harvesting and recharging from 4. 8.7 20% of the roof top area)
Figure- 2.13 Location of Storage Basins
Source: Master Plan of Dream City
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Table-2.19 Rainwater Available for Harvesting Rainwater available Effective area Average Annual Description Coefficient for harvesting (m3) (m2) Rainfall (in m) Annually Roof top Area 1849675.2 2 0.85 3144447.84
Total 31,44,447.84
The rainwater available for harvesting is calculated 31,44,447.84 m3 per annum (Table-2.19). Further, rainwater will be collected and used within the premises.
2.14.1 DRAINAGE PATTERN The rain water falling in city will be transported by gravity towards an underground system and to a main pipe which will drain in the nearest river, the Mindhola Creek or to a retention basin outside the project area. To accommodate this drainage system, the DREAM City project area will be levelled with a slight slope towards the south west, according to the natural topography. All slightly lower locations and all slightly higher areas will be levelled. In normal conditions the drainage system will discharge by gravity on Mindhola Creek. In periods with heavy rain, water level in Mindhola Creek will be high and drainage water cannot discharge by gravity in the creek which can cause flooding of DREAM City. To cater with these conditions a storage basin should be located close to the river, protected from it by a dam. The drainage water from DREAM City will flow in the storage basin and will be pumped over or through the dam to Mindhola Creek. The storage basin will be located in the periphery of the urban system and close to the river for several reasons. First of all land prices will be lower on distance of the DREAM City centre. Secondly, the storage basin will be dry in dry seasons and cannot be used in these dry periods for urban usage. Similar dry basins in urban areas tend to get clogged with filth and street dirt and are for these reasons not welcome in central urban areas. But in rural areas they can very well be used for agriculture or grazing cattle. The storage basin can be an engineered basin or a low laying landscape area such as a river foreland. This approach will guarantee a continuously performing drainage system. Dimensions and specifications of the system have to be calculated based on a detailed survey of basic data and on detailed studies and assessments of combined events and associated risks.
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Figure- 2.14 Proposed Drainage Pattern
Source: Master Plan of Dream City
Figure- 2.15 Drainage Networking
Source: Master Plan of Dream City
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2.15 WATER CONSERVATION AND ITS MEASURES Environmental aspects of present scheme are not just limited to impact of sources of pollution but also related to water conservation and other issues. Below points determine the conservation of water. Use of Recycled Water Gardening Water sources Rainwater Harvesting Sprinkler will be used for curing and quenching during construction phase
2.15.1 WATER CONSERVATION PLAN The water consumption comes down for the proposed project after installing the following water saving practices: Using low flushing systems- using efficient water saving toilets with dual flush systems thus saving about 50 % of water. Sensor based fixtures this reduces about 0.4 lit per flush. Low flow faucets along with other water saving devices resulting in 25 50% water. Low flow shower with rates at 7.5 lpm @ 80 psi. The wastage of water shall be minimized by a combination of water saving devices and other domestic water conservation measures. Many water-saving devices those are useful Low-flush toilets, Waterless urinals, Waterless car washes, Using low flow taps in wash basins. Recycling of waste water is mentioned in Figure- 2.10.
2.15.2 DOMESTIC WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES When washing dishes by hand, don't let the water run while rinsing. Water the lawn and garden in the morning or evening when temperatures are cooler to minimize evaporation. Teach children to turn off faucets tightly after each use.
2.16 GREEN BUILDING CONCEPTS The project aims to achieve IGBC New Building PLATINUM rating. There are different types of Rating Levels: Certified 40-49, Silver 50-59, Gold 60-74, Platinum 75 +. Area development will achieve platinum rating criteria. According to IGBC, credit rate on site selection and planning, Water Conservation, Energy Efficiency, Building Materials & Resources, Indoor Environmental Quality, Innovation & Development will be carrying out.
2.16.1 ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES 1. HVAC Systems: Chillers with minimum COP of 6.4 and IPLV of 6.61 as per AHRI 550/590-2011standard Cooling towers with VFD for fans.
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AHU with VFD for fans, backward aerofoil blades. Pumps with minimum 75% efficiency. Demand controlled ventilation for basement. High efficiency IE-2 type motors. Chilled water with ∆T of 9 Deg. F. Radiant floor cooling for central spine corridor using cooling tower and condensate water. Radiant floor cooling for office enclosed corridor using return chilled water of conditioned office area. 2. Electrical & LV Systems: Bus bars in all distribution panels are specified as aluminum bus bars to reduce losses and improve reliability. Copper conductor cables are specified for sizes of 10 sq. mm and below, this will reduce losses and improve reliability. Power factor shall be maintained 0.95 or higher. This will reduce electrical power distribution losses in the installation. LED, lamps shall be used for corridors, BOH areas car park etc. An APFC relay based on thyristor switching is proposed to effect the power factor correction / improvement within a few cycles of deviation from the setting & also to reduce inrush currents. Transformers shall have minimum no load losses as compared to conventional transformers. All cables shall be debated to avoid heating during use. This also indirectly reduces losses and improves reliability.
2.17 NATURAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION Following resource conservation measures will be adopted during construction as well as operation.
During Construction Water requirement of construction will be minimized by using the ready mix concrete and other curing agents. Generated construction debris will be reused within the site for internal roads and walk way formation. Excavated topsoil will be conserved and reused for Landscaping within the site. Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan will be proposed, accordingly the storm water will be conserved through construction of catch pits and the same will be used for construction activities. Temporary seeding such as planting of fast growing grasses will be done to hold down the soils in disturbed areas so that they are less apt to be carried offsite by storm water runoff or wind. Building materials of low embodied energy and high strength are recommended as an alternative to the conventional building material. Optimal transportation routes are used for construction vehicles.
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Compensatory Landscape will be done towards site clearance.
During Operation Fresh water requirement of the project will be minimized by using treated water for flushing, landscaping and domestic purpose by adopting better treatment. Generated organic waste will be processed in an Organic Waste Converter and manure will be used for landscaping. Usage of energy will be minimized by using energy efficient devices and controllers. Solar lightings will be incorporated. Utilization of DG sets will be restricted and will be used only during power failure, hence minimizing fuel requirement. Roof rain water will be collected and the same will be used for domestic purposes. Runoff from landscape and Hardscape will be routed into recharge wells for recharging ground water. Extensive landscape will be done within the project site.
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CHAPTER – 3
BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS
3.1 INTRODUCTION The baseline status of environmental quality in the vicinity of project site serves as the basis for identification, prediction and evaluation of impacts. The baseline environmental quality is assessed through field studies within the impact zone for various components. Baseline data generation of the following environmental attributes is essential in EIA studies. 1. Meteorology 2. Ambient Air Quality 3. Surface and Ground Water Quality 4. Ambient Noise Quality 5. Soil Quality & Geological Features 6. Land use pattern 7. Socio-economic status survey 8. Biological Information
3.2 PERIOD OF MONITORING The baseline environmental quality was assessed during Post-Monsoon Season i.e 12th March, 2018 to 11th June, 2018 in a study area of 10 km radial distance from the project site.
3.3 COMPONENTS AND METHODOLOGY In the process of Environmental Impact Assessment, baseline study is conducted for the environmental components like; air, noise, water, land use, ecology & biodiversity, socio-economic and soil quality. For the collection of baseline data of these components, primary and secondary data collection methodology is followed. The study was finalized with the TORs issued by the State Level Expert Appraisal Committee, Gujarat. Compliance of this TOR points are compiled in a separate section in this report.
Primary data has been collected through field monitoring for meteorological conditions, ambient air quality, water quality, noise quality, soil quality, etc, which includes major portion of the baseline environmental studies. In addition to these important studies, further studies like land use, socio-economic studies, ecological and biodiversity studies, hydrogeology, etc. are covered during the study period. Secondary information sources and constitutes is used for these studies and remaining parts of the baseline environmental studies.
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3.4 STUDY AREA To carry out Environment Baseline Monitoring and to generate baseline environmental data study area of 10 km radial distance from proposed project site has been selected. Base line data of Ambient air quality, water quality; land use & land cover, topography, ecology as well as socio economic status was collected for study area of 10 km. The details of the study period, frequency of sampling & method of environmental sampling & analysis are given below in succeeding sections under respective titles.
3.5 METEOROLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Air borne pollutants is dispersed by atmospheric motion. Knowledge of these motions, which ranges from turbulent diffusion to long-range transport by weather systems. Dispersion of different air pollutants released into the atmosphere has significant impacts on the neighborhood air environment of project and forms an important part of impact assessment studies. Meteorological conditions of the site regulates the transport and diffusion of air-pollutants released into the atmosphere. Ambient temperature, wind speed, wind direction and atmospheric stability are called primary or basic Meteorological Parameters because the dispersion and diffusion of pollutants depend mainly on these parameters. Humidity, precipitation, pressure and visibility are secondary Meteorological parameters as they control the dispersion of the pollutants indirectly by affecting primary parameters. This data is useful for proper interpretation of the baseline information as well as serves as an input, to predictive models for air quality impacts. It is imperative that one should work with idealized condition and all analysis pertaining to air turbulence and ambient air should be done with meteorological conditions, which can be best expected to occur.
3.5.1 CLIMATE OF STUDY AREA The general agro-climatic zone of the study area is Semi arid to dry sub-humid. Information presented in subsequent paragraphs is from the most recently published Long Term Climatologically Tables for the nearest observatory, Surat by the India Meteorological Department (IMD)1 that is given in Annexure-VI. A copy of the long-term Climatological data is enclosed below:
1 Climatological normals 1981-2010, issued by office of the additional director general of meteorology (Research) India Meteorological Department, Pune-5
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Table 3.1 Climatological data Mean Daily Temperature (°C) Humidity (%) Rainfall Mean Wind Month Max Min Max Min (mm) Speed (km/h) January 29.6 14.6 73 54 0.3 4.1 February 29.7 15.8 70 53 0.0 4.7 March 32.4 19.1 69 50 0.1 4.7 April 33.8 22.8 72 58 0.0 5.9 May 33.8 26.0 74 66 3.0 7.3 June 32.5 26.2 80 75 274.6 8.2 July 30.1 24.9 88 82 576.0 7.0 August 29.3 24.5 89 84 381.4 6.3 September 30.4 23.9 89 79 218.4 4.8 October 32.9 22.2 81 67 32.6 3.9 November 32.4 18.7 71 56 13.3 4.2 December 31.4 15.6 71 55 0.6 4.2 Annual 31.53 21.19 77.25 64.92 115.41 5.02 Mean
3.5.1.1 PREDOMINANT WIND DIRECTION As per India Meteorological Department (IMD), Atlas of wind roses, 1971-2000, the annual variations in average wind speed recorded at Surat station at 8.30 am and 5.30 pm indicates that the predominant wind direction in from NE & NW. Figure 3.1 Annual Wind Rose of Daily Surface Data recorded at 8:30 a.m. at Surat Station (1971-2000)
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Figure 3.2 Annual Wind Rose of Daily Surface Data Recorded at 5:30 P.M. at Surat Station (1971-2000)
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3.5.1.2 SITE SPECIFIC MICRO-METEOROLOGY DATA Meteorology of the study zones plays an important role in the study of air pollution. Micrometeorological conditions with respect to temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction that regulate the dispersion and dilution of air pollutants in the atmosphere are collected at the proposed project site. Predominant direction determines location of monitoring stations at downwind side from the sources. To collect site specific meteorological data, automatic weather station was installed at the project site to record micrometeorological parameters on hourly basis during study period to understand the wind pattern, temperature variation, relative humidity variation, etc. Site-specific mean meteorological data is given in Table 3.2 and the wind rose diagram processed by ISC-AERMOD View software from data collected at site is shown in Figure 3.3.
Table 3.2 Summary of Site Specific Meteorological Data Month of Year 2018 Meteorological Parameter 1st month 2nd month 3rd month Min. 16 23 27 Temperature (°C) Max. 37 42 42
Avg. 29.00 30.24 32.50 Min. 10 13 13 Relative Humidity (%) Max. 83 94 89 Avg. 41.59 52.97 61.48 Min. 1 2 3 Wind Speed (km/h) Max. 23 28 32 Avg. 7.74 12.64 14.14
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Figure 3.3 Wind Rose Diagram (12th March, 2018 to 11th June, 2018)
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3.6 AIR ENVIRONMENT The purpose of EIA is to determine whether average concentrations are likely to encounter at fixed locations (known as the receptor), due to the given sources (locations and rates of emission known), under idealized atmospheric conditions. The ambient air quality status with respect to the study zone of 10 km radial distance from the plant site will form the base line information over which the predicted impacts due to the proposed in plant can be super imposed to find out the net (Final) impacts on air environment.
3.6.1 SAMPLING METHODOLOGY AND ANALYSIS
Ambient levels of pollutants such as PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, and CO are selected for the sampling. The methodology of sampling and analysis in detail is given in Table 3.3 and Table 3.4.
Table 3.3 Air – Parameters Analyzed and Sampling Duration Frequency of Monitoring during Study Attribute Parameter period 2 AAQ PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 24 hr sampling - 2 days per week. CO 8 hr sampling – 1 day per month. Meteorological Wind speed, wind Direction, Temperature, Hourly data collected at site using Automatic Data RH, precipitation at one center location Weather Station
Table 3.4 Ambient Air Quality - Methodology Instrument used for Pollutant Method of analysis Detection Limit analysis 3 PM10 Particulate Matter 10 Gravimetric Method Respirable Dust Sampler 10 µg/m
Respirable Suspended 3 PM2.5 Gravimetric Method Fine Dust Sampler 10 µg/m Particulate Matter Improved West and 3 SO2 Sulfur dioxide UV-Spectrophotometer 4.0 µg/m Geake Method Jacob & Hochheiser 3 NO2 Nitrous dioxide UV-Spectrophotometer 6.0 µg/m Modified (Na- Arsenate) Gas Chromatography CO Carbon Monoxide Gas Chromatography 1 mg/m3 method
Various statistical parameters like standard deviation, geometric mean, minimum; maximum concentrations and different percentiles have been computed from the data generated during sampling in all sampling stations.
3.6.2 SELECTION OF MONITORING LOCATIONS The baseline status of the ambient air quality in the impact zone is assessed thorough scientifically designed ambient air quality monitoring network. The baseline studies for air environment include identification of
2Sampling height as per standard method.
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specific air pollutants prior to implementation of the project. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study requires monitoring of baseline air quality during one season. The baseline details collected in 12th March, 2018 to 11th June, 2018 is utilized for this project. The design of monitoring network in the air quality surveillance program was designed based on the following considerations:
Meteorological conditions on synoptic scale (Climatological normal).
Topography of the study area.
Representation of regional background levels.
Representation of valid cross sectional distribution in the downward direction.
Influence of the existing sources if any, are to be kept at minimum.
Inclusion of Densely populated areas within the region.
Minimum one location in within 1-3 km radius of study area was fixed. 8 monitoring locations were identified and the sites are depicted in the Table 3.5 & Figure 3.4 recorded AAQ levels are given in Table 3.6.
Table 3.5 Ambient Air Monitoring Locations Distance Code Location Direction GPS Coordinates Type of Area (km) Project Site 21°06'35.35"N A1 -- -- Residential Area Khajod 72°47'37.21"E 21°08'54.78"N A2 Althan 3.82 N Residential Area 72°47'38.86"E 21°11'7.63"N A3 Bhatha 8.96 NW Residential Area 72°45'44.67"E 21°08'28.28"N A4 Gaviyar 5.97 WNW Residential Area 72°44'34.95"E 21°04'49.53"N A5 Dumas 7.30 SW Residential Area 72°43'49.54"E 21°06'54.40"N A6 Dipli 3.31 NEE Residential Area 72°49'17.08"E 21° 5'15.14"N A7 Gabheni 4.43 SW Residential Area 72°49'43.58"E 21°9'18.99"N A8 Udhna 8.23 NE Residential Area 72°51'26.81"E
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Figure 3.4 Google Image Showing Ambient Air Quality Locations
Source: Google Earth
3.6.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The values for mentioned concentrations of various pollutants at all the monitoring locations were processed for different statistical parameters like arithmetic mean, minimum & maximum concentration and 98th percentile values. Raw data of all AAQ parameters of all stations as per frequency along with–min, max, average and 98% values are presented below. The existing baseline levels of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 & CO are expressed in terms of various statistical parameters as given in Table 3.6.
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Figure-3.5 Photograph of Air monitoring location
Althan Bhatha
Ghabheni Udhana
Table 3.6 Ambient Air Quality Status Parameters S. Sampling - PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO No. Location (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (mg/m3)
Detection Limit 10 10 4 6 1 NAAQ Standards 100 60 80 80 2 Min. 58.25 50.20 14.13 19.08 1.03 Project Site Max. 80.13 57.90 20.73 28.18 1.50 1. Khajod Ave. 64.90 53.86 17.40 23.23 1.25 98th Per. 76.55 57.76 20.73 27.95 1.50 Min. 61.62 27.50 14.09 17.69 1.06 Max. 74.92 39.20 21.39 25.09 1.37 2. Althan Ave. 68.65 34.23 17.63 21.67 1.21 98th Per. 74.92 39.16 21.30 25.09 1.37 Min. 57.49 26.09 14.34 21.39 Max. 69.10 34.50 18.26 29.19 3. Bhatha BDL Ave. 66.02 30.01 16.86 25.75 98th Per. 68.86 33.75 18.26 29.16 Min. 63.34 23.52 14.22 21.24 Max. 78.03 29.31 18.14 29.04 4. Gaviyar BDL Ave. 70.54 26.90 16.74 25.60 98th Per. 77.11 29.23 18.14 29.01 Min. 57.42 24.62 14.31 21.32 5. Dumas BDL Max. 68.50 30.41 18.23 29.12
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Parameters S. Sampling - PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO No. Location (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (mg/m3)
Detection Limit 10 10 4 6 1 NAAQ Standards 100 60 80 80 2 Ave. 65.85 28.00 16.83 25.68 98th Per. 68.49 30.33 18.23 29.09 Min. 57.40 37.60 13.60 18.40 1.06 Max. 71.50 48.50 20.20 27.20 1.48 6. Dipli Ave. 63.73 43.45 16.87 22.53 1.28 98th Per. 71.50 48.50 20.20 27.11 1.48 Min. 56.40 37.40 15.40 19.20 1.00 Max. 68.10 44.90 24.20 27.80 1.41 7. Gabheni Ave. 61.48 40.48 19.18 22.28 1.22 98th Per. 68.10 44.90 24.15 27.48 1.41 Min. 62.30 23.52 14.60 18.30 1.03 Max. 75.60 48.50 21.90 25.70 1.42 8. Udhana Ave. 69.33 34.69 18.14 22.01 1.24 98th Per. 75.60 48.50 21.81 25.70 1.42
Particulate Matter (PM10): During the monitoring period, it has been observed that the average values of 3 3 PM10 for all the monitoring stations ranging from 61.48-70.54 µg/m . The lowest value 56.4 µg/m was observed at Gabheni and highest value 89.2 µg/m3 was observed at Project Site is due to vehicular movement and construction activity in progress.
Particulate Matter (PM2.5): During the monitoring period, it has been observed that the average values of 3 3 PM2.5 for all the monitoring stations ranging from 26.9-53.86 µg/m . The lowest value 23.52 µg/m was observed at Udhana and Gaviyar and highest value 57.90 µg/m3 was observed at Project Site. All the results were found to be below the NAAQS limits i.e. 60 µg/m3.
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2): During the monitoring period, it has been observed that the average values of SO2 for all the monitoring stations ranging from 16.74–19.18 µg/m3. The lowest values 13.6 µg/m3 were observed at Dipli, and highest values 24.2 µg/m3 was observed at Gabheni. All the results were found to be below the NAAQS limits i.e. 80µg/m3.
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2): During the monitoring period, it has been observed that the average values of 3 NO2 for all the monitoring stations ranging from 21.67–25.75 µg/m . The lowest and highest values are 17.69 to 29.19 µg/m3 were observed at Althan and Dumas is due to heavy vehicular movement. All the results were found to be below the NAAQS limits i.e. 80µg/m3.
Carbon Monoxide (CO): During the monitoring period, it has been observed that the average values of CO for all the monitoring stations ranging from BDL–1.28 µg/m3. The lowest and highest values are BDL
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to 1.50 µg/m3 was observed. The highest value is observed at Project Site due to vehicular movement.
3.7 WATER ENVIRONMENT
Water of high quality is essential to human life, and water of acceptable quality is essential for Agricultural, industrial, domestic and commercial uses; in addition, most recreation is water based. The objective of this report is to define the present environment in which the proposed action is to occur, to evaluate all possible eventualities, to ensure that all negative impacts are minimized, and to demonstrate that proposed project has been appropriately announced to all interested parties so that their concerns can be considered. Water quality studies have been carried out in the study area to understand the availability of water resources, possibility of water contamination and existing water quality.
3.7.1 SAMPLING METHODOLOGY AND ANALYSIS The water resources in the study area may be classified into two major categories like Surface and Ground water sources. Water samples were collected at 7 locations within 10 km radius from project site, out of which 3 samples from surface Sources and 4 samples from ground water sources for physico-chemical and biological parameters. Following procedures were used while sampling and & Methodologies adopted in assessing quality of water is presented in following table 3.7.
Washing the bottles/cans with distilled water prior to the sampling Before collection of water the bottles/cans are again washed 2-3 times with the same water For surface water, Bottles were lowered to a minimum depth of 30 cm below water surface At each point, different sets of water samples were collected so as to cover all the parameters Meticulous attention is taken in proper numbering at the site Sterilized bottles were used for the samples that are to be analyzed for bacteria Civil supply water pipeline taps are sterilized before collection for bacteriological analysis Parameters like pH, conductivity and temperature were analyzed in the field conditions. There are specific instruments for measuring EC and pH in the field. These are portable. These instruments will be calibrated at laboratory before use. The results were reconfirmed after getting to the laboratory. DO is fixed and titrated in the field itself. Appropriate preservatives are added, depending upon the elements to be analyzed and marked accordingly (APHA / IS: 3025 (part I)) All the water samples collected in the ice box, were immediately transported to the laboratory and free zed at <5 oC analysis. Field observations were noted in the field notebook
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Table 3.7 Sample Collection and analysis of water sample Parameter Frequency Sampling Preservation Analysis Method Prescribed methodology method standard pH, TDS and Once in a IS: 3025 (part Not applicable Onsite measurement IS: 10500 Temperature baseline I) specifications Other physico- period IS: 3025 (part ‘Standard Methods for chemical and I) Examination of Water and biological Wastewater’ Published by parameters American Public Health Association (APHA) / IS 3025
3.7.2 SELECTION OF MONITORING LOCATION To identify Ground Water availability and type of structure used in study area Census-2011 was used. Surface Water locations were identified using topo map (Figure 2.4) Study area falls in command area of Surat city, it was observed that treated tap water is available in whole study area for drinking purpose; ground water is used as secondary source of drinking water and for irrigation purpose. List of monitoring locations are mentioned in table 3.8 while sampling locations are shown in Figure 3.6.
Table 3.8 Monitoring Locations for Ground Water and Surface Water Availability of Tap Water Sample Distance GPS Code Source Direction water as per primary Location (km) Coordinates study 21° 8'8.74"N GW1 Vesu Bore well 3.7 NW Treated Tap Water 72°46'18.91"E 21° 7'47.25"N GW2 Gaviyer Bore well 6.5 WNW -- 72°44'5.15"E Dumas- 21° 4'52.84"N GW3 Bore well 7.3 WSW -- Bhimpore 72°43'48.61"E 21° 9'35.44"N GW4 Udhana Bore well 8.5 NE Treated Tap Water 72°51'22.54"E 21°11'6.09"N SW1 Bhatha Pond -- 8.9 NNW -- 72°45'43.75"E 21° 6'53.55"N SW2 Dipli Pond -- 3.1 ENE -- 72°49'23.55"E 21° 5'9.24"N SW3 Ghabeni Pond -- 4.4 ESE -- 72°49'38.83"E 21° 7'2.29"N SW4 Khajod Pond -- 0.9 NNW -- 72°47'24.15"E
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Figure 3.6 Google Image Showing Water Sampling Locations
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Table 3.9 Water Quality – Physico-Chemical Analysis of Ground Water Sample Code & Location IS : 10500 Sr. Detection Test Parameters Units Vesu Dumas-Bhimpore No. Limit Gaviyer (GW2) Udhana (GW4) Desirable Permissible (GW1) (GW3) No 1 pH - 2.0 7.20 7.10 7.00 7.20 6.5-8.5 Relaxation 2 Temperature °C Ambient 36.5 30.2 34.3 33.0 -- -- 3 Colour Hazen 1.0 BDL BDL BDL BDL 5 15 Quantitative 4 Odor -- (objectionable/u Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Agreeable Agreeable nobjectionable) Agreeable/ 5 Taste -- Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Disagreeable 6 Turbidity NTU 0.5 BDL BDL 2.00 BDL 1 5 8 Total Solid (TS) mg/L 5.0 529 942 1282 713 -- -- Total Suspended 9 mg/L 5.0 6 10 50 8 -- -- Solids (TSS) Total Dissolved 10 mg/L 5.0 523 932 1232 705 500 2000 Solids (TDS) Electrical 11 µS/cm 10.0 738 1315 1738 995 -- -- Conductivity (EC) Dissolved Oxygen 12 mg/L 1.0 5.6 4.2 3.1 5.1 -- -- (DO) Biological Oxygen 13 mg/L 5.0 BDL BDL BDL BDL -- -- Demand (BOD) Chemical Oxygen 17 mg/L 5.0 BDL BDL BDL BDL -- -- Demand (COD) MPN / 18 Total Coliform (TC) 1.8 Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent 100 ml Faecal Coliform MPN / 19 2.0 Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent (FC) 100 ml MPN / 20 E. Coli 2.0 Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent 100 ml 25 Total Hardness (as mg/L 2.0 256 422 623 401 200 600
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Sample Code & Location IS : 10500 Sr. Detection Test Parameters Units Vesu Dumas-Bhimpore No. Limit Gaviyer (GW2) Udhana (GW4) Desirable Permissible (GW1) (GW3)
CaCO3) 26 Calcium Hardness mg/L 1.0 161 267 417 258 -- -- Magnesium 27 mg/L 1.0 95 155 206 143 -- -- Hardness Total Alkalinity ( as 28 mg/L 5.0 196 203 316 258 200 600 CaCO3) 33 Carbonate mg/L 5.0 0 0 0 0 -- -- 34 Bi-Carbonate mg/L 5.0 196 203 316 258 -- -- 35 Sodium (as Na) mg/L 1.0 52 78 102 67 -- -- 36 Potassium (as K) mg/L 1.0 12.0 13.6 20.9 22.0 -- -- 37 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/L 1.0 38 62 83 58 30 100 38 Calcium (as Ca) mg/L 1.0 65 107 167 104 75 200 39 Chloride (as Cl) mg/L 1.0 116 206 356 196 250 1000
40 Sulphates (as SO4) mg/L 1.0 12 85 108 87 200 400 Total Phosphorous 41 mg/L 1.0 2.5 3.1 5.6 4.2 -- -- (as P)
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Table 3.10 Water Quality – Physico-Chemical Analysis of Surface water Sample Code & Location IS : 10500 Sr. Test Parameters Units Detection Limit Ghabeni Pond No. Bhatha Pond (SW1) Dipli Pond (SW2) Desirable Permissible (SW3) 1 pH - 2.0 7.15 7.33 7.26 6.5-8.5 No Relaxation 2 Temperature °C Ambient 31.6 32.6 33.8 -- -- 3 Colour Hazen 1.0 BDL BDL 75.00 5 15 Quantitative 4 Odor -- (objectionable/ Unobjectionable Objectionable Objectionable Agreeable Agreeable unobjectionable) Agreeable/ 5 Taste - Agreeable Disagreeable Disagreeable Agreeable Agreeable Disagreeable 6 Turbidity NTU 0.5 BDL 26.00 15.00 1 5 7 Total Solid (TS) mg/L 5.0 312 404 437 -- -- 8 Total Suspended Solids (TSS) mg/L 5.0 56 102 122 -- -- 9 Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) mg/L 5.0 256 302 315 500 2000 10 Electrical Conductivity (EC) µS/cm 10.0 361 426 445 -- -- 11 Dissolved Oxygen (DO) mg/L 1.0 5.2 3.4 3.7 -- -- Biological Oxygen Demand 12 mg/L 5.0 12.0 45.0 38.0 -- -- (BOD) Chemical Oxygen Demand 13 mg/L 5.0 26.7 100.0 84.4 -- -- (COD) 14 Total Coliform (TC) MPN / 100 ml 1.8 15.0 59.6 48.2 Absent Absent 15 Faecal Coliform (FC) MPN / 100 ml 2.0 9.0 35.8 28.9 Absent Absent 16 E. Coli MPN / 100 ml 2.0 4.5 17.9 14.5 Absent Absent
17 Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/L 2.0 125 223 189 200 600 18 Calcium Hardness mg/L 1.0 40 98 51 -- -- 19 Magnesium Hardness mg/L 1.0 85 125 138 -- --
20 Total Alkalinity ( as CaCO3) mg/L 5.0 286 333 308 200 600 21 Carbonate mg/L 5.0 0 0 0 -- --
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Sample Code & Location IS : 10500 Sr. Test Parameters Units Detection Limit Ghabeni Pond No. Bhatha Pond (SW1) Dipli Pond (SW2) Desirable Permissible (SW3) 22 Bi-Carbonate mg/L 5.0 286 333 308 -- -- 23 Sodium (as Na) mg/L 1.0 102 155 186 -- -- 24 Potassium (as K) mg/L 1.0 59.0 102.0 66.0 -- -- 25 Magnesium (as Mg) mg/L 1.0 34 50 56 30 100 26 Calcium (as Ca) mg/L 1.0 16 40 21 75 200 27 Chloride (as Cl) mg/L 1.0 135 273 201 250 1000
28 Sulphates (as SO4) mg/L 1.0 57 152 111 200 400 29 Total Phosphorous (as P) mg/L 1.0 12.3 29.8 20.2 -- --
30 Phosphate (as PO4) mg/L 0.2 1.6 5.7 4.1 -- --
31 Nitrate (as NO3) mg/L 0.5 1.2 8.9 4.6 45 No Relaxation
32 Nitrite (as NO2) mg/L 0.5 0.9 1.5 2.2 -- -- 33 Fluoride (as F) mg/L 0.5 1.60 2.10 1.90 1 1.5 34 Boron (as B) mg/L 1.0 BDL BDL BDL 0.5 1 35 Iron (as Fe) mg/L 1.0 BDL BDL BDL 0.3 No Relaxation 36 Manganese (as Mn) mg/L 0.3 BDL BDL BDL 0.1 0.3 37 Lead (as Pb) mg/L 1.0 BDL BDL BDL 0.01 No Relaxation 38 Copper (as Cu) mg/L 1.0 BDL BDL BDL 0.05 1.5 39 Zinc (as Zn) mg/L 0.4 BDL BDL BDL 5 15 40 Total Arsenic (as As) mg/L 0.3 BDL BDL BDL 0.01 0.05 41 Cynide (as CN) mg/L 0.5 BDL BDL BDL 0.05 No Relaxation
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Figure-3.7 Photograph Surface & Ground Water Sampling
Khajod Pond Ground Water- Vesu
Bhata Pond Ground Water- Dumas Bhimpore
Dipli Pond Ground Water- Udhana
Ghabheni Pond
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3.7.3 DISCUSSIONS 3.7.3.1 GROUND WATER The pH varied in the range of 7.00-7.20. TSS levels varied in the range of 6.0-50.0 mg/L. Total hardness varied in the range of 256-623 mg/L, at all the locations except Dumas Bhimpore hardness is higher than desirable limit but within permissible limits. At Dumas Bhimpore total hardness is higher than permissible limit. TDS varied in the range of 523-1232 mg/L, at all the locations TDS is higher than desirable limit but within permissible limits; hence hardness and TDS level reduction to desirable limit is necessary to use water for drinking purpose. Alkalinity varied in the range of 196-316 mg/L, at all locations except for Vesu it is higher than the desirable limit, but it was within the permissible limit. The conductivity levels varied in the range of 738-1738 µS/cm. Coliform bacteria were measured as Total Coliform, fecal Coliform and E.coli, these bacteria are absent in all the samples. Poor quality at Gaviyer, Dumas-Bhimpore & Udhana is due to high EC, TDS, hardness & alkalinity levels; at Dumas-Bhimpore high chloride levels were also observed. Although water is of good quality at Vesu TDS & alkalinity removal is necessary. From above results it can be concluded that as per Drinking water standard of IS: 10500 ground water can be used for domestic purpose. The water can be used for drinking purpose after proper treatment of hardness, TDS, TSS and Salinity removal. For hardness removal sofetner is required; this protects RO membrane also. RO is required to remove TDS & chlorides. As alkalinity is not so high it can be removed along with TDS. 3.7.3.2 SURFACE WATER The pH varied is from 7.15 to 7.33, the turbidity is at Ghabheni & Dipli Pond is higher than permissible limits. TDS varied from 256-315 mg/L, Conductivity varied from 361-445 µS/cm. Total alkalinity varied from 286-333 mg/L at all the location it is higher than desirable limit but within permissible limit. Calcium varied from 16-40 mg/L, chloride varied from 135-273 mg/L and the sulphate varied from 57-152 mg/L. The results indicate that the nutrient values in the form of nitrate were found to be 1.2 – 8.9. The value for DO varied from 3.4-5.2 mg/L. The levels of heavy metals viz. Copper, Lead, Cynide, Arsenic, Manganese and Zinc were found to be BDL. Coliform bacteria were measured as Total Coliform, fecal Coliform and E.coli, these bacteria are present in all the samples. The total hardness varied from 125-223 mg/L. Total hardness is higher than desirable limit but within the permissible limit at Dipli Pond. At Dipli pond water was of green color with foul smelling was observed. Sampling is not allowed at Khajod pond by SMC as pond is converted in Lake Garden. At Bhatha and Ghabeni pond activities cloth washing, animal bathing etc. were also observed. Domestic was also dumped near lake. Poor quality is due to high levels of EC & alkalinity; at Dipli high chloride & sulphates levels were also observed. Water of Bhatha & Ghabheni can be used for domestic purpose but SW of Dipali can't be used for domestic purpose also. Treatment of water in water treatment plant consisting of primary, secondary, tertiary unit is required before using for drinking purpose.
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3.8 NOISE ENVIRONMENT Noise is unpleasant, unexpected, or undesired with various frequencies over the audible range due to the regular activities of the mankind. The source of most outdoor noise worldwide is mainly evolved from Industries, constructions and transportation systems, including motor vehicle noise, aircraft noise and rail noise, poor urban planning may give rise to noise pollution. Industrial Noise resulting to noise pollution has many reasons such as industries being close to human habitats which prevent the noise from decaying before it reaches human ear. A determination is made of the micro scale impact by predicting anticipated noise levels for each alternative during both construction and operational phases. Predicted noise levels are compared with applicable standards or criteria in order to assess the impact. The physical description of sound concerns its loudness as a function of frequency. Noise in general sound comprises of many frequency components with different variations in loudness over the audible frequency range. The objective of noise pollution survey around the project site was to identify existing noise sources and to measure background noise levels. The study was carried out in the following steps: Reconnaissance Identification of noise sources and measurement of noise levels Measurement of transportation and community noise levels Monitoring of noise is done by identifying suitable number of noise quality monitoring locations.
Background noise quality is monitored in dB (A) Leq (d) and dB (A) Leq (n) at the selected locations. Ambient noise level monitoring was done at same locations where ambient air monitoring was carried out within a study area. The locations are away from the major roads and major noise sources so as to measure ambient noise levels. One day monitoring was carried out at all the locations. The frequency of monitoring was set at an interval of one hour for 24-hours.
Table 3.11 Noise Monitoring Methodology
Environme Sample collection Sampling nt Sampling frequency Methodology Sampling Range Resolution Parameter Component equipment Once during the study (Hourly 30 Ambient Sound level dB(A) Decibels – reading for 24 IS: 9989-1991 0.1 dB Noise meter to 130 dB (A) hours at each dB(A) location)
Equivalent Sound Levels or Equivalent Continuous Equal Energy Level (Leq) There is large number of noise scales and rating methods based on some sort of average of weighted average quantities derived from the detailed noise characteristics. Equivalent sound levels or Equivalent continuous equal energy level (Leq) is a statistical value of sound pressure level that can be equated to any fluctuating noise level and forms a useful measure of noise exposure and forms basis of several of the noise indices used presently.
Leq is defined as the constant noise level, which over a given time, expands the same amount of energy, as is expanded by the fluctuating level over the same time. This value is expressed by the equation:
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i=n Li/10 Leq = 10 log (10) ti i=1 Where, n = Total number of sound samples, Li = The noise level of any ith sample ti = Time duration of ith sample, Expressed as fraction of total sample time
Leq has gained wide spread acceptance as a scale for the measurement of long term noise exposure. Hourly equipment noise levels in the identified impact zone are monitored for day and time separately using sound level meter. All the values are reported in Leq and in case of equipment noise, Sound pressure level are monitored 1.5 m away from the machine and assessed with respect to standard prescribed in factory Act.
3.8.1 SELECTION OF MONITORING LOCATIONS AND RESULTS Ambient noise monitoring was carried out 10 km study area. Sensitive locations (as defined in The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 and its subsequent amendments) were identified and ambient monitoring was done at a distance more than 100 m from the identified location. Selection of sampling location was done on 03.03.2018 and baseline data collection was carried out on 12th March, to 11th June, 2018 at respective location.
Table-3.12 Ambient Noise Quality Standards for Different Areas/Zones Ambient Air Quality Limits in dB (A) Leq3 Area Standards Category Code 4 5 in Respect of Noise Day Time Night Time
The Noise Pollution A Industrial 75.0 70.0 (Regulation and Control) B Commercial 65.0 55.0 Rules, 2000 and its C Residential 55.0 45.0 subsequent amendments D Silence6 50.0 45.0 Keeping in view of various local activities such as residential and commercial activities 8 noise level measurement locations were identified and the sites are depicted in the Figure 3.8 & Table 3.12. Recorded sound levels are given in Table 3.13.
Traffic noise levels were also measured in April-2018. The equivalent noise level Leq (60 min average) measured at a distance of 10 m and 20 m from the edge of the road are presented below:
3dB (A) Leq*: denotes the time weighted average of the level of sound in decibels on scale A which is relatable to human hearing. Day Time: 6:00 AM to 10:00 PM and Night Time: 10:00 PM to 6:00 AM 4 6:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. 5 10:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. 6Area comprising not less than 100 m around Hospitals, educational institutions, courts, religious places or any other area which is declared as such by the competent authority.
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Table 3.13 Noise Monitoring Locations
Sampling Latitude Distance of possible Major Noise Code Category Location Longitude Source from the selected location 20°6'35.35"N N1 Project Site Commercial SH-168 is about 1.07 km in N. 72°47'37.21"E 21°9'4.02"N N2 Althan Village Residential 3.82 km in North Direction, 72°47'51.06"E 21°11'7.23"N 7.78 km in South South West N3 Bhatha Village Residential 72°45'44.58"E Direction 21°7'48.22"N N4 Gaviyar Village Residential 8.10 km in South West Direction 72°44'23.20"E 7.35 km in South West Direction, Dumas-Bhimpore 21°4'49.53"N N5 Residential major source of noise is Surat-Dumas Village 72°43'49.54"E road 3.26 km in North East Direction 21°6'53.70"N N6 Dipli Village Residential SH-168 is about 0.10 km from 72°49'28.69"E location. 4.13 km in South East Direction, 21°5'14.57"N N7 Gabheni Village Residential major source of noise is airport 72°49'45.01"E transport. 21°9'19.30"N N8 Udhna Village Residential 8.47 km in North East Direction 72°51'19.49"E 21° 7'11.81"N TN1 SH-168 Residential 1.15 Km in North Direction. 72°47'34.35"E
Figure 3.8 Google Image Showing Noise Sampling Locations
Source: Google Earth
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Table 3.14 Noise Levels
Day Time Night Time
Sampling Recorded Recorded Code Category Limits in Limits in Location level dB(A) level dB(A) dB(A) Leq dB(A) Leq Leq Leq N1 Project Site Commercial 52.3 65.0 42.9 55.0
N2 Althan Village Residential 66.7 55.0 62.7 45.0
N3 Bhatha Village Residential 51.9 55.0 43.6 45.0
N4 Gaviyar Village Residential 52.7 55.0 44.1 45.0
Dumas- N5 Bhimpore Residential 54.8 55.0 51.3 45.0 Village
N6 Dipli Village Residential 51.2 55.0 44.7 45.0
N7 Gabheni Village Residential 50.6 55.0 43.6 45.0
N8 Udhna Village Residential 65.1 55.0 60.7 45.0
Table 3.15 Noise Level due to Transportation Noise Level in dBA Sampling Location Time 10 m from Edge of The Road 20 m From Edge of The Road Traffic Noise at junction of Day 78.9 75.2 SH-168 & NH-228 Night 61.7 59.6
3.8.2 DISCUSSION OF NOISE LEVELS The noise sources identified in residential and commercial zones. Noise level found high at Althan and Udhna due to new city light road at Althan sampling location and railway line was passing near to Udhna sampling location. Noise level also found high at Gaviyar village due to near to Surat-Dumas Road and Surat Airport. Figure-3.9 Photograph of Noise Monitoring
Bhatha Dipli
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Althan
3.8.3 TRAFFIC STUDY To determine current traffic volumes on the road, the traffic studies have been accomplished. This study will give an idea about expected future traffic volumes as a part of overall impact assessment for the project. The traffic densities may vary based on working days and time, and also may vary in day and night times. This survey was conducted during normal working day to get a clear picture of traffic density.
3.8.3.1 METHODOLOGY
Vehicular Count The vehicles moving in both the directions were counted continuously for 24 hours at one location. The vehicles were counted every hour and recorded under respective category. The maximum traffic count in an hour is termed as peak hour traffic.
Categorization of Traffic The vehicles were categorized under various heads like heavy motor vehicles such as buses, trucks and tankers, light motor vehicles (cars, jeeps), three wheelers (auto rickshaws, tempo etc.) two wheelers (scooters, motor cycles etc.).
Results The summary of daily traffic density in terms of PCU for the locations were monitored during the study period is summarized below and % of composition of the vehicles is given below. It was observed that the cars/jeeps and trucks/buses forms the major volume of the traffic. The overall total traffic PCU of this road is minimal. Detailed Survey of Traffic is given as Annexure-XI.
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3.8.3.2 SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION
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3.9 SOIL ENVIRONMENT The project area falls under South Gujarat heavy rainfall Agro Climatic Zone (GJ-I) Agro Ecological Region-27, characterized by 1-3 % soil slope, soil depth >100 cm, soil texture is clay and salinity of cultivated soils ia >2 dS/m. The main soil types are hilly and highly undulating, fine texture soils (20.4 %), mid plains, fine texture, high rainfall (33.7 %), mid plains, fine texture medium rainfall (32.5 %) and coastal plains, fine texture, salt affected (12.8 %). The annual average rainfall is 1000-1200 mm. The main sources of irrigation are canal (66.07 %) and tanks/open well / bore well (33.93 %). The main crops cultivated are paddy, wheat, sugarcane, cotton and sorghum. And fruit crops are mango, sapota and banana. The vegetable crops grown are brinjal, okra, tomato, cow pea, cabbage and cauliflower. The plantation crop is coconut. The cropping intensity of the area is 134 %. (Source: Contingent Planning of Agriculture for Gujarat State, Surat District).
3.9.1 SAMPLING METHODOLOGY AND ANALYSIS The construction project in a waste land of Khajod village, the top soil of the adjoining area seems to be of good quality, but lower layers are saline, hence up to 10-12 m soil is removed for the foundation.
Disturbed soil samples were collected from the rotary cuttings and bailers and also from split spoon samplers. Un-disturbed tube samples were collected using thin walled tubes. Soil samples were collected such that structure and moisture content of the soil do not get altered. In accordance with IS: 2720, split samples were carefully extracted from the samplers.
Meticulous was paid to collect adequate amount of composite soil samples for analysis. The samples were packed in dependable, waterproof containers and marking specified accurately and distinctly. All the soil samples and core boxes were carefully transported to the testing laboratory.
Parameters analyzed for soil samples were pH, Electrical Conductivity, sodium, potassium, cation exchange capacity, water holding capacity, etc. Test method for each parameter is as under:
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Table 3.16 Methodology of Testing of Soil Samples Sr. Parameter Test Method No. 1 Particle size Distribution -- 2 Texture UERL/CHM/LTM/108 3 Bulk Density UERL/CHM/LTM/105 4 Porosity 5 Water holding capacity UERL/CHM/LTM/106 6 Organic carbon (OC) IS 2720 (Part 22): 1972 (RA 2010) UERL/CHM/LTM/84 7 Potassium as K Issue No.: 01 Issue Date: 01/03/2014 8 Calcium as Ca UERL/CHM/LTM/88 Based on Methods Manual of Soil Testing 9 Magnesium as Mg in India by Ministry of Agriculture, GOI, 2011 UERL/CHM/LTM/89 10 Sodium as Na Issue No.: 01 Issue Date: 01/03/2014 11 Cation Exchange Capacity UERL/CHM/LTM/79 12 Exchangeable Sodium Percentage UERL/CHM/LTM/104 13 pH IS 2720 (Part 26) 14 Electrical Conductivity IS 14767 15 Available Nitrogen UERL/CHM/LTM/80 16 Available Potassium UERL/CHM/LTM/93 17 Available Phosphorus UERL/CHM/LTM/82/83
3.9.2 SAMPLING LOCATIONS AND RESULTS For soil quality analysis 07 sampling sites were chosen based on wind direction, source of irrigation, crops/cropping intensity and soil gradient, to understand Physic-chemical and biological status of the soil. Sites are marked in this will establish the baseline characteristics and will facilitate identifying the contamination, if any due to the proposed project. The sampling sites are depicted in the Table 3.19. The soil analysis results are given in Table 3.17.
Table 3.17 Soil Sampling Location Distance Code Location GPS Coordinates Direction (km) 21° 06’ 26.51’’N S1 0.27 Km S Project Site 72° 47’ 37.96’’ E 21° 07’2. 01’’ N S2 2.68 Km NEE Dipli village 72° 49’6. 38’’ E 21° 07’15. 98.1’’N S3 1.67 Km NW Nr. SMC MSW site 72°46 57’. 42’’E 21° 08’21.12’’N S4 3.26 Km NNE Althan village 72°47’ 57.50’’E 21° 08’11.90’’N S5 6.95 Km NW Gaviyar village 72°43’58.84’’E 21° 06’19.91’’N S6 8.91 Km W Dumas village 72°42’ 27.50’’E
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Distance Code Location GPS Coordinates Direction (km) 21° 05’13.48’’N S7 4.62 km SE Gabheni village 72°49’53.14’’E
Figure 3.10 Google Image Showing Soil Sampling Locations
Source: google earth
SAMPLING AT PROJECT SITE SAMPLING AT GABHANI VILLAGE
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Table 3.18 Physicochemical Parameters of the Soil
Sample Code & Location Threshold Dipli Nr. SMC Sr. No. Test Parameters Units Project Althan Gaviyar Dumas Gabheni level Village MSW Site Site_Khajod (S1) Village (S4) Village (S5) Village (S6) Village (S7) (S2) (S3) 1. Particle size Distribution a. Sand 18.6 23 19.3 20.1 15.2 25.3 21.0 b Silt Qualitative - 36.3 35 37.9 40.3 33 36.5 32.7 c Clay 45.1 42.0 42.8 39.6 51.8 38.2 46.3 2. Texture clay Clay Clay Silty Clay Clay Silty Clay Clay 3 3. Bulk Density g/cm - 1.5 1.32 1.41 1.36 1.1 1.31 1.56 4. Porosity % - 38 53 39 45 52 51 42 5. Water holding capacity % - 42 43 55 53 41 43 54 6. Cation Exchange Capacity meq/100g >10 41.8 29.60 42.50 40.8 32.8 38.50 35.70 7. Calcium as Ca meq/100g - 0.57 0.57 0.62 0.60 0.55 0.68 0.55 8. Magnesium as Mg meq/100g - 0.48 0.54 0.52 0.43 0.52 0.43 0.50 9. Sodium as Na meq/100g - 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.10 10. Potassium as K meq/100g - 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.07 11. pH - 6.5 – 7.8 7.6 8.1 7.6 8.5 7.6 8.06 7.9 12. Electrical Conductivity dS/m <1 0.31 2.6 3.1 2.9 3.6 0.37 2.2 13. Exchangeable Sodium % <15 8.50 7.19 6.91 9.00 8.27 7.20 8.11 14. Organic carbon (OC) % >0.5 0.57 0.45 0.46 0.79 0.34 0.53 0.70
15. Available Phosphorus Kg P2O5/ha >28 7.01 8.25 7.85 12.50 8.75 10.11 18.50
16. Available Potassium Kg K2O/ha >140 926 725 524 630 742 679 720 17. Available Nitrogen mg/kg -- 300 282 293 383 282 316 287
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3.9.3 DISCUSSION-SOIL ENVIRONMENT The soils are categorized as clay to Silty clay based on different soil separates (sand, silt and clay). Parameters like pH, organic carbon, available nitrogen, available potassium and available phosphorous are compared with limits given in Methods Manual Soil Testing in India Department of Agriculture & Cooperation Ministry of Agriculture Government of India New Delhi January, 2011. Soil class based on pH, ESP & EC is assessed as per Methods Manual Soil Testing in India Department of Agriculture & Cooperation Ministry of Agriculture Government of India New Delhi January, 2011. The outcome is as under:
The pH of the soil samples ranged from 7.6 to 8.5 during the study period, indicating that soils are natural to alkaline (pH > 7.8 to 8.5) in reaction. The soil EC varied from 0.31 to 3.6 dS/m and ESP ranged from 6.91 to 9.0 which indicates that soils are non-saline to saline, but non-sodic as ESP<15.. They have medium to high water holding capacity (41.0 to 55%), but moderate drainage capacity as texture is clay to clay silt. The soil is categorized as deep black having > 1m depth and lower layers are having calcium nodules. Among exchangeable basic cations predominance of Calcium (0.55 to 0.68 meq/100 g soil) was seen followed by Mg (0.43 to 0.54 meq/100 g), Na (0.08 to 0.11 meq/100 g soil) and K (0.06 to 0.07 meq/100 g soil). The loss on ignition ( 0.34 to 0.79 % OC) indicates that soils are low (<0.50 % OC) to medium (0.50 t0 0.75 % OC) in organic carbon status. Even available nitrogen values ( 282- 383 kg/ha) also confirm that nitrogen status of soils are in the medium(250-500 kg/ha) range. The available phosphorus status (7.01 to 18.50 kg/ha) was very low (<28 kg/ha), while potassium status (524 to 926 kg/ha) was very high (>280 kg/ha). Soil salinity class based on electrical conductivity is non-saline at the site and Dumas village, rest of the soils are saline (EC>1 Based on soil pH values, soils of Dipli, Althan, Dumas and Gabheni villages are alkaline in reaction, where in an application of organic manure is suggested. For the Khajod (Project Site), Dumas, Gaviyar the above outcomes are compared with Soil health card (provided by Government of India) and found almost near to the conclusions of soil health card.
3.10 LANDUSE Land Use (LU) refers to man’s activities and various uses, which are carried on land. Land Cover (LC) refers to natural vegetation, water bodies, rock / soil, artificial cover and others resulting due to land transformation. Although land use is generally inferred based on the cover, yet both the terms land use
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and land cover are closely related and interchangeable. Information on the rate and kind of change in the use of land resources is essential to the proper planning, management and regulation of the use of such resources. Knowledge about the existing land use and trends of change is essential if the nation is to tackle the problems associated with the haphazard and uncontrolled growth. A systematic framework is needed for updating the land use and land cover maps that will be timely, relatively inexpensive and appropriate for different needs at both national and state levels. The rapidly developing technology of remote sensing offers an efficient and timely approach to the mapping and collection of basic land use and land cover data over large area. The satellite imageries are potentially more amenable to digital processing because the remote sensor output can be obtained in digital format. Land use data are needed in the analysis of environmental processes and problems that must be understood if living conditions and standards are to be improved from or maintained at current levels. It is required to carry out the land use / land cover study for the project study area (10 km radius) to obtain the necessary environmental clearances from statutory authorities. The objective of the study is to carryout land use / land cover study for the proposed project. The LU / LC study is carried out using the Satellite Imageries (IRS RS-2) in addition to Survey of India toposheets. Appropriate guidelines are followed while preparing the LU / LC map for the project study area.
3.10.1 METHODOLOGY OF STUDY 3.10.1.1 PRE-FIELD INTERPRETATION Collection of Survey of India Topographical maps on 1: 50,000 scale from Survey of India (SoI). Procurement of Satellite Imagery from National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) site Geo Co- ordinates from site center taken 10 km radius. Using ERDAS image processing software processed the raw satellite data. Using ARCGIS software converting the all base features from the toposheet, and overlaying the same features on the satellite imagery. Using remote Sensing techniques tone, color, texture and shadow etc. draft land use map is prepared. Before site / ground truthing randomly mark field data checked. With which field work will be carried out.
3.10.1.2 SITE / GROUND TRUTHING Site visit - capture the Geo-Coordinates of Boundary Pillars and record in field note book. Take traverses and observe the land use categories and map it on the field map on draft map with field photographs. Observe the each land use category like single crop/double crop, industrial area, settlements, forest lands, water bodies, waste lands and etc. The buffer zone area will randomly traverse for correlating mapping units.
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Collecting secondary data from agricultural department and local people.
3.10.1.3 POST FIELD WORK Using ARCGIS software plotting the data collected during ground truth maps. Preparation of maps Preparation of report incorporating identification of impacts, quantification of impacts and suggesting mitigative measures in consultation with other FAEs.
3.10.2 LAND USE / LAND COVER MAP Land use / land cover map is prepared by visual interpretation of high-resolution satellite data with the help of Survey of India Topographic maps on 1:50,000 scale. Two seasons’ data (year 2017) is used for the delineation of different units. The units are confirmed by the ground truth/field visits. Level-II classification of National (Natural) Resources Information System (NRIS) has been followed for the delineation of units. Land use / Land cover map of the study area (Figure 3.13) is integrated with forest, agriculture land, water bodies, settlements and other features map and analyzed with the help of GIS to get the area wise findings of the present land use of the study area, which is given elaborately in the Table 3.18.
Table 3.19 Area Statistics of Landuse/Land Cover Map SR. NO. LAND USE AREA IN (SQ. KM) AREA IN %
1. BUILT-UP LAND A. Settlements 71.278 22.7 B. Industrial area 39.564 12.6
2. WATERBODIES A. Tank/River /Sea etc. 56.206 17.9
3. CROP LAND A. Crop land 60.602 19.3
4. WASTELANDS A. Land with scrub 14.13 4.5 B. Land without scrub 1.884 0.6 C. Mud plot 28.888 9.2 D. Salt pans 24.492 7.8 E. Water logged area 4.082 1.3 F. Back water 5.024 1.6 G. Creek 3.768 1.2
5. OTHERS A. Mangroves 4.082 1.3
TOTAL 314 100
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Figure-3.11 Photographs of Landuse Study
Land use Study at the project Site Land use Study near project Site
Figure-3.12 Google Image of the Project Site with topographical features delineating
Source: Google Earth
Above Google image shows the nearest railway station, drainage system & river body, industrial area, villages and settlements, bird sanctuary, major constructed road. Pipeline for drainage in the Surat City are underground & parallel to the road.
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Figure-3.13 Land Use / Land Cover Map of 10 km Radius from Study Area
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Figure-3.14 Satellite Imagery of the Study Area (10 km Radius)
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3.11 GEOMORPHOLOGICAL, GEOLOGICAL, HYDRO-GEOLOGICAL STATUS This brief note deals with the field observations carried out for geological study, hydrogeological inventory and to ascertain nature & behavior of subsurface formation such as topsoil nature, subsurface strata/persistence of any weathered / soft-hard rock below ground level for EIA study, for the proposed project located at Khajod, District-Surat (Guj.). The field work was done on in May 2018. Geomorphological, geological and hydrogeological inventory of the area was carried out and all possible technical details were collected from the studied area as well as surrounding area.
3.11.1 METHODOLOGY OF FIELD STUDY The study was done in following phases viz. (a)-Geo-morphological & Drainage (b)-Geological / lithological/ Structural Study (c)- Hydrogeological / groundwater
3.11.2 GEOMORPHOLOGY, DRAINAGE & WATERSHED Based on the general elevation, slope and landscape configuration in the terrain, the studied area falls in the mud flat region and partly alluvial plains in northern part; in 5 km periphery in part of northern- northern western area it falls mostly in alluvial plain (far from sea). The southern western area is part of Arabian Sea water. The topography is almost flat to semi flat. As per geomorphological study, low lying area is towards west, southern west and southern eastern area. Geomorphological study map is given in figure-3.16. It shows that surface water flow direction is generally towards southern eastern to southern west i.e. towards Arabian Sea. So the regional water flow direction is towards Arabian sea. As per Garmin GPS, maximum height of the area is 11m from MSL measured at coordinate N210644.1 & E724735.8 and minimum height were observed at N210629.1 & E724737.1. All measurements were taken by Garmin GPS vista cx. Tapi river trends northeast to southwest in northern periphery of studied area and confluences into Arabian sea. Mindhola river flows in east of the proposed project area with flow of north to south west. The area is traversed by numerous small to big nalla ultimately confluence into sea. The studied area is between Tapi, Mindhola river and Purna river. Purna river which is the chief tributary of Tapi river flows almost east to west in south of studied area and also confluences to Arabian sea. Southern eastern of the project site mainly consist of swamp and younger tidal flats so in southern and southern eastern area salt pan has been observed.
Regional study indicates dendritic drainage pattern of the area. Drainage map of the study area is given in figure-3.15. The thick yellowish brown medium to fine grain silty saline clay with sand and gravel layer spreads almost throughout the area. In low lying area thickness becomes more which does not exceed over 1.50 m from ground level varying from place to place and below this there is unconsolidated formation persisting below 20m or more; than basalt rock formation persist at deeper depth. NBSS Physiographic map of the study area shows coastal landscape.
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The physiography of the area controls the erodibility, availability of ground water, groundwater saturation, groundwater recharging etc. The most favourable water zones are always expected to occur parallel to nallah or low-lying area and geologically disturbed area. All the above revelation is also supported by the collected data.
Figure-3.15 Drainage Map of 5 km Radius Study Area
3.11.3 REGIONAL GEOLOGY & STRUCTURAL SYMBOL Geological formation of the area belongs to Holocene age. According to study, geological formations of older tidal flat and tidal flat deposits of marine environment were observed in and around studied area. The area is Marshy. Deeper lithology of the studied area mainly contains basalt of upper Cretaceous to Eocene age. No rocky outcrops/ rock formations have been reported at shallow to moderate depth or upto shallow drilled bore wells.
The formations exposed in and around the investigated area as GSI 1988-
As per mentioned unit 11 in GSI plate-
Lithology – older tidal flat deposit Formation- Rann clay formation Age- Holocene Environment- Marine Lithology – unconsolidated formation (clay/silt/kankar/sand/gravel/ boulders)
As per mentioned unit 14 b in GSI plate-
Lithology – Tidal flat deposit
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Formation- Mahuva formation Age- Holocene Environment- Marine Lithology – unconsolidated formation (clay/silt/kankar/sand/gravel/ boulders)
The studied area mainly belongs to tidal flat consisting mainly clay, sand, silt, kankar, gravel, marine deposits of unconsolidated nature. Structural symbol of the area is inferred lithological contact.
Study area mainly consists of unconsolidated formation of Holocenc age. The eastern area towards Surat occupied by the rock types belongs to the Deccan volcanic of upper Cretaceous to Eocene age and sediments of tertiary and quaternary period.
Generalised Startigraphy of Gujarat Era Period Epoch Supergroup/formation Intrusive/extrusives
Varahi Formation Quaternary Pleistocene Mahuva Formation Holocence Akhaj Formation Katpur Formation Rann Clay Jhagadia Formation
Pliocenec Mio-Plicene Cenozoic Miocene Oligocene Tertiary Oligocene- Miocence Eocene- Oligocene Eocene Palaeocene- Eocene Palaeocene
Mesozoic- Creataceous- Deccan traps, Cenozic Eocene associated volcanics & inter-trappeans Upper Lameta & Bagh formation Cretaceous Lower-middle Wadhwan group, Bhuj formation Lower Dharngadhra group, himmatnagar fr. Mesozoic Jurassic-Creataceous Katrol (Jhuran) formation
Upper Chari (Jumara) formation Jurassic Middle Pachchham (Jhurio) formation
Neoproterozoic Syn to post Delhi intrusive
Palaeo-proterozoic Delhi super group Proterozoic Meso-proterozoic
Palaeo-proterozoic Aravalli super group
Archaean- Bhilwara Proterozoic Super group Source GSI-2000, geology of Gujarat
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Figure-3.16 Map for Geomorphology of 5 km radius of the study area
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3.11.4 GEOTECHNICAL STUDIES As per GSI 1995 geotechnical map data indicates the studied area information as follows-
Unit IIb2a:- Morpholgic /morphotectonic units :- Coastal plain Engineering Provinces :- Coastal sediments Formation :- Unconsolidated sand with/without clay, silt Permeability :- Cumulative high Bearing Capacity :- Low Compressive strength :- (1-2 kg/cm2) Foundation Characteristics :- Poor
3.11.5 SEISMIC ZONE Sismologically, the project site area falls under moderate Intensity/ moderate risk zone of seismic zonetion to limit of (Zone III) seismicity zone (ISI). Earthquake epicenter in south west of studied area has been reported by GSI towards coastal bank. The studied area belongs to Alluvial –fill along intracratonic linear depressions. The Bouger Gravity Anomaly varies between +10 to +20 m Gal. Fault plain has been reported by GSI north of studied area which trends NE-SW.
3.11.6 SOIL The area belongs to soil of older & younger tidal flats deposit of western coast of Marine (ME) & Fluvial (FE) environment, which is fine to medium, clayey, mixed, montmorillonitic soil with loamy soils thus not so good in quality which is almost saline with calcareous nature of Vertic Halaquepts class. The quality of soil is more deteriorated towards coastal plains. Thickness of topsoil (deep class) is good in the area. Topsoil persist upto 0.75m to 1.50m below ground level with and without silt & clay. Mud cracks were reported towards northern studied area. Northern and eastern or towards Surat area has slightly better quality of soil rather than nearby project area, so good agriculture observed northern, northern eastern, northern western or far from core zone studied area. Marginal quality of soil has been also reported surrounding studied area. The deposition of saline sea sand and undulations reported due to nearby low/high tide in the southern eastern of the area. Most of the down area and nalla area is covered with mixed good brownish muddy and yellow brown topsoil. Density of plantation in the southern –southern eastern-partly eastern area is low due to saline soil and tidal effects/shallow saline water.
Soil formation depends on variety of physical processes of weathering and disintegration of rocks. The most important factor of soil formation is the lithology of bedrock, which controls the chemical composition of soils. Geomorphologic parameters controlling the soil formation of a region includes relief and topography, nature of slopes and influence of drainage pattern. In addition to these, the nature of soil in a particular region also depends on the meteorological constraints like rainfall, nature of runoff, as well as the groundwater condition.
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3.11.7 HYDROGEOLOGY In southern, southern eastern, southern west, villages Abhva, Khajod, Gabheni, Budia & Jiav village and other nearby surrounding area groundwater quality is highly saline /not good for drinking as well as domestic uses and cultivation purpose. In northern & eastern alluvial plains & flood plains quality is slightly better and farmers are using for cultivation of two crops in a year. Number of open wells, bore wells and handpumps are abandoned due to quality problem and almost all farmers nearby the area depends on rains. Few bore wells drilled in these villages for domestic household purpose but not in use for drinking purpose due to saline quality. In southern Khajod village three to four bore wells have been reported but these are almost not in use due to saline quality. In part of Khajod, Gabheni, Budia villages due to tidal effects, water in open wells and groundwater quality get more deteriorated. DR drilling /Calyex/ Manually/combination drilled bore wells of the area indicates drilled depth of 15m -20m in unconsolidated formation/rock has been reported at deeper depth in the area. So casing pipe has been lowered upto deeper/unconsolidated formation depth. Deeper quality of groundwater is more deteriorated than upper horizons in this area so no deeper borewells have been drilled.
Hydrogeological setup indicates that alluvium forms a slightly better potential aquifer in northern part or towards Bharthan, Althan, Vesu, Bhimrad, Bamroli villages have slightly better quality as compared to other nearby area so villagers are using groundwater from source (wells/shallow bore wells/hand pumps) and nearby lakes for agriculture/drinking use. Deepest well of the area is having depth around 9m -15m but deeper quality of borewell is not of good quality so, in this area open wells are yielding and agriculture is done by open wells only. In Bamroli village numbers of individuals’ bore wells are yielding in house and used for domestic purpose. Project site area has high TDS water quality. Towards sea shore quality of groundwater becomes more saline while towards other side quality of groundwater is slightly better.
The ground water in the area having total dissolved salts varying from 1200ppm to thousands so this quality of water is not suitable for domestic, drinking as well as industrial purpose. So water supply in industrial area as well as in domestic area is by government from Tapti River basin and all individual villages has its own underground and over head storage tanks for villagers water supply through pipe line. Some of the villagers use packed RO water daily for drinking use. In some villages water supply is fulfilled by tankers. In good ground water quality area villagers are using own private tubewell/open well water for /cultivation. So the area is not suitable except some localized fresh water pockets.
As the slope is low, runoff becomes less and as a result the seep rate increases as per flat topographical condition of the area, water seeps through top brown yellow clay mixed sandy soil (also through good mud cracks reported) with few silt below that kankar concentration /yellow sticky non permeable clay/silt with gravel/ sand over 12m depth below ground level and lowering of casing (blind & slotted) upto drilled depth.
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3.11.8.1 EXPECTED SUBSURFACE STRATA
According to geological/hydrogeological and open well/excavated section mapping indicates the generalized subsurface strata of the area is as follows -
Yellow Brownish black medium to fine –med grain texture clay persisting 0.30-0.50m bgl Black brown minor Clay with minor silt/silty clay/dominant sand/ approx 3m thick zone Sticky black Clay with silt/ kankar/ few fine sand approx 4m thick zone Yellow sticky clay /less permeable silty clay /few coarse sand/gravel mixed zone approx 3m thick zone Medium coarse Sand zone (aquifer)/gravel zone approx 2mt thick
3.11.8.2 INFERENCE
After going through the detailed study of Geomorphology, Geology, Hydrogeology and subsurface studies, the following observations have been made and concluded from the environmental point of view-
Water level of the studied area in unconsolidated formation is at very shallow level i.e. 2m-5m which indicates that all sewage waste operational activities to be done in a systematic manner with complete alertness. Quality of groundwater is not so good (saline due to coastal zone/sea water intrusion) as per existing sources in studied area. Ground water movement is towards southeast to south west area which is towards Mindhola river and ultimately in Arabian Sea. Ground water prospects map is given in figure- 3.17.
Number of bore wells (about 40-50) were drilled surrounding the periphery of construction zone of Surat Diamond Bourse for dewatering purpose and all these are yielding continuously so drawdown of static water level from the region and construction work is smoothly executed in the area after dewatering. As per subsurface setup of the area a detailed hydrogeological, geological and other related geo-engineering studies is required which full fill the civil & seepage technical inputs. Presently dewatering water is being thrown through pipe line by these bore wells in outer boundary /nalla area which ultimately goes in Arabian sea. If this water is released in nearby area through pipe line than it would seeps in ground through unconsolidated formation and again raise the water level resulting in recycling process. Underground work has to be done after detailed seepage/underground movement studies along with other geo-engineering, civil and other related parameters.
The subsurface strata of the area reveal that thickness of unconsolidated formation persisting at moderate to deeper depth helps in seepage and underground movement. As lateral as well as vertical movement of seepage will be more, therefore effective measures should be taken during construction. The site is very sensitive from environmental point of view. Housekeeping, sewage waste handling system (STP required), waste storage area, drainage system etc. must be given due attention. So the whole area should be lined in a proper way as per CPCB guideline.
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Figure-3.17 Ground Water Prospects Map
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3.12 SOCIO - ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT Social Assessment sforms an integral part of Environment Impact Assessment (EIA). SIA includes the processes of analyzing, monitoring and managing the intended and unintended social consequences, both positive and negative, of planned interventions i.e. policies, programs, plans, projects. Its primary purpose is to bring about a more sustainable and equitable development. Social impacts examine changes in people's way of life, their culture, community, political systems, environment, health and wellbeing, their personal and property rights and their fears and aspirations. Therefore, the baseline socio - economic data was collected for the study region, has been identified in the four major indicators viz. demography, civic amenities, employment and economy and social culture. The baseline status of the above indicators is compiled in forthcoming sections.
3.12.1 INTRODUCTION As all the development activities are for the benefit of society explicit consideration of human/social issues of development must be undertaken in the project preparation. The important components of human environment are largely socioeconomic characteristics, culture, value systems, standard of living, social relationships in the neighborhood, livelihood pattern, land and infrastructures and so on. Detail in depth probe into these variables in the Project Influence Area (PIA) helps in understanding the prevailing situation and assessing likely impact of the proposed expansion/project and this in turn enables the industry designing suitable mitigation measures and social support plans.
3.12.2 MAJOR OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY To understand the socio-economic status of the villages To study the perceptions of people about the impact of proposed project
3.12.3 IDENTIFICATION OF STAKEHOLDERS Any project usually has some negative impacts on the local population. Displacement and/or health/socioeconomic hazard is traumatic experience in spite of compensation paid and mitigation measures adopted. Therefore, proper identification of stakeholders and appropriate consultation on the implementation plan and participation of affected people in decision making are of utmost importance. This helps the stakeholders in understanding the project objectives and needs; and in communicating their willingness, views and preferences. Thus, it ensures increased participation of people through better acceptance of the project. Stakeholders' consultation was done during Socio Economic study at the project locations and nearby villages within 10 km radius area of the proposed project. Village map of the study area is given in figure-3.18. Planned Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) activities are suggested based on findings of this social assessment report.
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3.12.4 METHODOLOGY A detailed desk review of reports and secondary data related to the socio-economic context of the Project was undertaken for assessing the overall existing situation. Census records are referred.
Reconnaissance visits to the project site were made. Screening of potential social impacts in the project influence area was carried out.
During the reconnaissance visit, public consultations, personal interview and transect walk were conducted to gather feedback from the local residents on the proposed development and perceived socio-economic impacts.
Table 3.20 List of Villages Where Socio-Economic Study Conducted From the site Sr. Sub-District Villages No Distance Direction
1 Abhva 3.2 WNW
2 Budiya 3.0 SE
3 Dipli (Jiav) 2.9 E Surat City 4 Gabheni 4.2 SSE
5 Gaviyar 6.1 WNW
6 Khajod 1.9 NW
3.12.4.1 PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION: TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES The survey team has used the purposive random sampling method at various stages. It was planned to gather data from various stake holders. For the purpose of this study, a structured Questionnaire schedule related to socio-demographic variables and interview guide/check list around the theme of perception of setting up the proposed project and their expectations from the project proponent was prepared. This study takes into consideration the beneficial socioeconomic impact that the production unit may have on the community. It further assesses community's perception and their awareness regarding polluting components of the environment. Further, it considers the impact of the proposed project on the socio-economic status of the surrounding area and their perception regarding this project. The field works for primary data collection were conducted on 28th March, 2018 and 05th May, 2018 within the study area of 10 km radius from the project site.
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Figure 3.18 Villages in the study area
Source: Google Earth
3.12.4.2 SECONDARY DATA COLLECTION Latest available census records were referred to understand demography related to Infrastructure facilities, category of population, Economic Status, Health Status, Education Status and Civic Amenities, etc.
3.12.4.3 DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION Collected data are analyzed through qualitative and quantitative method of analysis and interpret on the basis of primary field visit in respect to proposed project.
3.12.4.4 LIMITATIONS Study is limited to the 10 km radius with purposive random sampling from the proposed project site.
3.12.5 THE PROJECT INFLUENCE AREA The PIA for the concerned area development project comprises 40 major, minor villages and urban area (wards of SMC) in 10 km radial distance from the proposed project site. Demographical details as per census 2011 of the study area are given in table below:
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Table 3.21 Demography of the Study Area Census Population 2011 Projecte d Sr. Sub Distric Total Village Area Population Literates Total Worker Populati No. District t HH SC ST Non- (ha) on for Total Male Female Male Female Male Female worker 2021* 1 Sarsana 301.4 228 979 530 449 3 65 465 377 339 59 581 2094
2 Khajod 1639.2 363 1737 967 770 133 14 841 643 591 87 1059 3715
3 Abhva 2196 702 3249 1694 1555 45 333 1388 1187 997 290 1962 6950 4 Bhimrad 240.2 518 2415 1358 1057 71 303 964 660 933 260 1222 5166 Bharthana- 5 219.4 1124 5414 2931 2483 119 1323 2311 1785 1623 513 3278 11581 Vesu 6 Bamroli 157 27984 105130 70544 34586 417 834 57315 21225 52575 1457 51098 224890
7 Vadod 377 13567 41075 32048 9027 194 83 25665 4767 27373 672 13030 87866
8 Magdalla 229.9 1504 6104 3352 2752 138 590 2806 2165 1960 368 3776 13075
9 Vesu 899 6037 26471 14186 12285 793 2133 11769 9940 8336 1817 16318 56625 Surat 10 Sonari Surat 129.4 1196 5057 3143 1914 140 32 2304 1034 2198 204 2655 10871 City 11 Gabheni 1246 4951 17140 12248 4892 155 48 9866 3196 9857 656 6627 36665
12 Budiya 363.8 478 2438 1288 1150 10 53 1115 957 817 137 1484 5215
13 Jiav 573.4 1228 6003 3266 2737 198 59 2646 2032 1895 164 3944 12841
14 Althana 323 12068 53960 30735 23225 935 4959 25286 18239 19626 2816 31518 115429
15 Pandesara 282 17762 73314 45004 28310 985 1210 36681 19608 30514 2351 40449 156830 11668 16 Udhna 680 56050 248331 145282 103049 4267 5600 72163 95293 8534 144504 531221 9 17 Gaviyar 406.1 645 2585 1743 842 69 171 1541 625 1353 145 1087 5529
18 Vanta 153.1 52 244 146 98 0 7 115 74 85 9 150 521
19 Dumas 2057.7 1655 7224 3727 3497 178 744 3049 2714 2114 778 4332 15453
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Census Population 2011 Projecte d Sr. Sub Distric Total Village Area Population Literates Total Worker Populati No. District t HH SC ST Non- (ha) on for Total Male Female Male Female Male Female worker 2021* 20 Navagam 211 12697 61689 35703 25986 563 2746 29211 19982 22602 2690 36397 131963
21 Umra 170 6544 30601 15488 15113 455 3490 13633 12962 9176 2574 18851 65460
22 Unn 351.6 13667 61521 36335 25186 411 799 25439 13747 23607 1616 36298 13603
23 Adajan 673 44780 196970 103301 93669 5439 8001 88058 78987 59045 13603 124322 421351
24 Athwa 72 1696 7298 3819 3479 262 742 3367 3114 2216 396 4686 15611
25 Bhestan 691 12598 52936 33034 19902 1241 1926 26341 13439 23184 1919 89963 113238
26 Dindoli 225 35960 151508 89289 62219 1805 2682 70021 40771 57378 4167 27833 324100 55888 45568 TOTAL SURAT (A) 14867.2 276054 1171393 691161 480232 19026 38947 346393 48282 667424 2387863 6 7 27 Karadva 226.51 326 1437 763 674 12 31 601 481 468 25 944 2026
28 Eklera 202.09 168 839 399 440 10 196 295 287 216 106 517 1183
29 Bhanodra 285.01 254 1138 610 528 83 183 418 310 359 80 699 1604
30 Umber 885.45 364 1704 864 840 134 201 679 610 481 123 1100 2403 Bhatpor Chorasi 31 824.2 792 3449 1855 1594 0 498 1421 1120 1128 392 1929 4863 (OG) 32 Bhatha (OG) 882.9 1171 5122 2603 2519 63 1016 1793 1649 1593 776 2753 7223
33 Pali (OG) 167.1 2080 7325 5217 2108 0 435 4311 1307 4328 292 2705 10330 PardiKanade 34 130 2168 9167 5677 3490 296 468 4284 2188 3893 349 4925 12927 (CT) TOTAL CHORASI (B) 3603.26 7323 30181 17988 12193 598 3028 13802 7952 12466 2143 15572 42559
35 Danti Jalalpore Navsar 1336.91 655 2699 1395 1304 1 0 1228 1091 767 328 1604 2588 36 Bhatha i 1501.88 291 1263 671 592 26 78 599 516 400 138 725 1211
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Census Population 2011 Projecte d Sr. Sub Distric Total Village Area Population Literates Total Worker Populati No. District t HH SC ST Non- (ha) on for Total Male Female Male Female Male Female worker 2021* 37 Magob 1038.3 109 482 252 230 0 26 218 202 145 128 209 462
38 Karankhat 711.68 187 855 432 423 83 41 393 389 268 20 567 820
39 Parsoli 491.32 224 994 535 459 41 147 482 389 339 144 511 953
40 Kharsad 651.45 492 1698 838 860 7 448 766 795 504 200 994 1628
TOTAL JALALPORE (C) 5731.54 1958 7991 4123 3868 158 740 3686 3382 2423 958 4610 7662 57637 47057 TOTAL (A+B +C) 24202 285335 1209565 713272 496293 19782 42715 357727 51383 687606 2438084 4 6 Sources: Census 2011, District Surat and Navsari
* Projected population was considered on the basis of growth rate of respective taluka
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3.12.6 OVERVIEW OF STUDY AREA Surat is a district in the state of Gujarat, India with Surat city as the administrative headquarters of this district. Surat is also known as Suryapur, is the administrative Capital and Second largest city of the state of Gujarat. It is surrounded by Bharuch, Narmada (North), Navsari (South) districts and east Tapi District to the west is the Gulf of Cambey. It is the second-most advanced district in Gujarat. Surat was the 4th fastest growing city in 2016 according to a study conducted by the City Mayors Foundation. Surat ranked 10th in India with a GDP of 2.60 lakh crore in fiscal year 2016. It had a population of 6,079,231 of which 79.68% were urban as of 2011.
Surat is also called ‘The Diamond City’, The silk city’ and the Green city and it is considered to be one of the most prosperous city in India. It is basically port city that is divided by in Tapi River this is reason, Surat experience flood almost every year. Surat is accredited to the presence of a huge Number of textiles Industries, Diamond processing Industries, Chemical and Petrochemical Industries. Surat district has 10 talukas like Umarpada, Olpad, Kamrej, Chorasi, Palsana, Bardoli, Mahuva, Mangrol, Mandvi, Surat City.
Navsari is also the Twin City of Surat, and only 30 km south of Surat. Navsari district divided into 6 talukas Navsari, Chikhli, Jalalpore, Bansada, Khergam and Gandevi. It is surrounded by Surat district in north, in east The Dang district, and in west Arabian Sea. Navsari city is developed whose history is much enriched. From rural village in Navsrari Taluka "Purna” river enters. Textiles, diamond business, sugar industry, agro & food processing, paper, engineering and chemicals are some of the key business sectors in Navsari. The district has well developed floriculture and horticulture activities owing to its suitable climate and presence of major players. Navsari district is the largest producer of chikoo in the State and the largest exporter of the fruit in India. The district has huge sugarcane fields as a result of which sugar manufacturing industry is a major business in Maroli and Gandevi talukas of the district.
3.12.7 FINDINGS OF COMMUNITY CONSULTATIONS Socio-economic survey was conducted with the help of predesigned tool to measure the socio-economic status of the people in the study area. On the basis of purposive random sampling, adult male/female from these villages was selected to collect the information related to socio-economic status. Individual interviews with the adult male/female, common meetings were conducted in which heads of the villages, panchayat representatives, and other stakeholders like, school teacher, anganwadi sevika, PHC in charge, gram sewak etc were present.
The findings of the quick socioeconomic survey and various consultations at community level are presented below:
Population In 2011, Surat had population of 60,81,322 from which male and female were 34,02,224 and 26,79,098 respectively. In 2001 census, Surat had a population of 42,75,540 of which males were 23,62,072 and
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remaining 19,13,468 were females. There was change of 42.24 percent in the population compared to population as per 2001. In the previous census of India 2001, Surat District recorded increase of 54.30 percent to its population compared to 1991.
In 2011, Navsari had population of 13,29,672 from which male and female were 6,78,165 and 6,51,507 respectively. In 2001 census, Navsari had a population of 12,29,463 of which males were 6,28,988 and remaining 6,00,475 were females. There was change of 8.15 percent in the population compared to population as per 2001. In the previous census of India 2001, Navsari District recorded increase of 13.24 percent to its population compared to 1991.
Demographical data of the Study Area are shown in the above table. Populations in villages of study area located in talukas of Surat City, Chorasi and Jalalpore were 1,171,393; 30,181 and 7,991 respectively as per census 2011. Comprising total 2,85,335 households. Total Population in the study area is 12,09,565 as per the Census 2011 from which 7,13,272 are males and 4,96,293 are females. Form total population 19,782 Schedule Caste population and 42,715 were Schedule Tribes population in the study area as per census 2011.
Population Density Census India 2011 shows that density of Surat district for 2011 is 1,337 people per km2. In 2001, Surat district density was at 988 people per km2. Census India 2011 shows that density of Navsari district for 2011 is 592 people per km2. In 2001, Navsari district density was at 557 people per km2. Total population density of study area is 3852 persons per km2.
Sex Ratio With regards to Sex Ratio in Surat, it stood at 787 per 1000 male compared to 2001 census figure of 810. The average national sex ratio in India is 940 as per latest reports of Census 2011 Directorate. In 2011 census, child sex ratio is 835 girls per 1000 boys compared to figure of 859 girls per 1000 boys in 2001 census data.
With regards to Sex Ratio in Navsari, it stood at 961 per 1000 male in 2011 compared to 2001 census figure of 955. The average national sex ratio in India is 940 as per latest reports of Census 2011 Directorate. In 2011 census, child sex ratio is 923 girls per 1000 boys compared to figure of 915 girls per 1000 boys of 2001 census data.
Sex ratio of the study area as per census 2011 is 696 female population per 1000 male population
Literacy Level Average literacy rate of Surat in 2011 were 85.53% compared to 77.62% in Census 2001. If things are looked out at gender wise, male and female literacy were 89.56% and 80.37% respectively in 2011. For 2001 census, same figures stood at 83.83% and 69.87% in Surat district. Total literate in Surat district were 4,571,410 of which male and female were 2,687,468 and 1,883,942 respectively. In 2001, Surat district had 2,852,340.
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Average literacy rate of Navsari in 2011 were 83.88% compared to 75.83% of 2001. If things are looked out at gender wise, male and female literacy were 88.75% and 78.83% respectively in 2011. For 2001 census, same figures stood at 82.77% and 68.61% in Navsari district. Total literate in Navsari district were 1,001,909 of which male and female were 539,471 and 462,438 respectively. In 2001, Navsari district had 819,146.
As informed by the respondents, literacy level in the PIA is comparatively good which is also reflected in census data. Average literacy rate of the study area was 77.22% as per census 2011. Higher education also observed in the study area due to facilities is available in the Surat City and availability of job opportunities in the city.
Economic Profile The finding of the study and observation while visiting the village implied that the area is having influenced by industrial jobs as major occupation. Other than this, agriculture activities, animal husbandry and fishery are the sources of income for the study area.
Due to these industrial & commercial developments in the area, direct and indirect employment opportunities have been increased. There are many types of industries like; chemical industry, wooden cutting industry, petroleum industry, GIDC, etc where local people are getting jobs and multi types of offices functioning in the Surat City so many employment opportunities available. While interacting with villagers in the study area; villagers have expressed their perception about the proposed project that this project will create job opportunities directly and indirectly for the villagers. Even due to this project, quality of life will increase of these areas and could have positive impact of the project.
Infrastructure Facilities Project site is adjacent of the Surat City and study area consists of villages near to Surat city and some wards of Surat Municipality Corporation (SMC). So, all the basic infrastructural facilities are available in these villages like Roads, drinking water supply, solid waste management, transportation facilities, drainage system, etc.
Educational Facility The study area is having plus points of being adjacent to Surat city which can be seen that all the facilities area provided by SMC or Surat Urban Development Authority (SUDA). Villages in the study area are having educational facilities like Anganwadi, Primary School and having facilities of Secondary, higher secondary and technical education facilities are available. Due to this, education level of the area is seen high, girls education level seen higher than boys in the study area. Educated youth will get benefit from this project because nos. of commercial offices are going to come so great employment opportunities will be created.
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Sanitation Facility During the study it is observed that the sanitation facilities in the area are well developed and no complain found during the study in the region about sanitation problem.
Water Supply During assessment, drinking water facility is observed in the study area. Major sources of the drinking water are supplied by SMC, wells, boring water.
Health Care Facility Health care facilities are available in the study area. These PHCs are active and villages not having PHCs are receiving services from Asha workers and available facilities near to village. For further, hospitals, private clinics and other healthcare centers are available at Surat city. And many villagers prefer private clinics and hospitals.
Culture Surat is also known as Suryapur. The language spoken by people of Surat is ‘Surti Gujrati’. Culture of a place is a reflection of its society. The culture of Surat is fascinating and captivating. It tells, about the people of the place, their lifestyle and their beliefs. Observing the culture of Surat gives you a fair idea about the traditions and practices that are still followed by the locals. The festivals, the events, the attractions, all reflect the culture of Surat in one way or the other. The rich culture of Surat is blend of different customs, traditions, values and beliefs of the people. Surat is referred as the commercial capital of the Indian state of Gujarat. Surat is one of the fastest growing cities in India. The city is largely recognized for its Temple of Durga Mata textile and diamond businesses. It is also known as the diamond capital of the world and the textile capital of India. The Study Area originally belonged to the community of Kori Patel, Macchi, Hadpati and SCs, etc.
3.12.8 PUBLIC CONSULTATION In the process of Socio-economic study, focus group discussion and personal interviews were planned with local people with an objective of understanding the present as well as subsequent situation faced by
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villagers after setting up the proposed project. It is been observed that people have many expectations from forthcoming SDB Diamond Bourse and Dream City project. It is observed that people perceive this project positively. People have expectations of generations of employment to improve better quality of life. Further, during survey, some villagers have complained about facing of air pollution due to solid waste disposal site and due to industries near to Sachin GIDC. But they have also welcome this project as this project will not have these kind of pollution and direct and indirect employment opportunities will be created.
Date: -29-03-2018
Village: -Khajod
During Consultation at this village team met with villagers. Khajod is having all basic required facilities are available because village came under SMC, so SMC provide all infrastructural facilities. Anganvadi, School, city bus, street light, roads, drinking water, health related facilities are available in a village no major health problem. Major occupation of villager is services in industries, SMC and other offices. They are aware from Bus facility at Khajod Village proposed project; employment to local people is expected from this Project.
Date: -29-03-2018 Village: -Abhva Village is having infrastructure amenities like; roads, education facilities such as primary and secondary, and schools student are studying up to higher level. Village is having sanitation, city Bus, drinking water, drainage facility, etc. Village is not having health care facility which needs to be developed. No major health impact was informed by respondents. They have complained about facing some times pollution due to MSW Primary School at Abhava (Municipal Solid Waste) disposal site.
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Date: -29-03-2018
Village: -Gabheni
Public discussion was made with group of people in the village. Roads are good and approachable to transportation No major health problems could be identified, and most of them have toilet facility in every house. Library and Two schools are available in a village. All basic amenities are available in village and provided by SMC. People were mainly associated with agriculture and fishery occupation but due to industrial development wash out this scenario and now-days people are School at Gabheni associated with industrial jobs and some fisheries. Industrial pollution affected fishing and agriculture. They complained about ground water contamination by industrial pollution. SMC provides drinking water. Date: -05-05-2018
Village: -Budiya
Public consultation was done with the Sarpanch and other villagers. Village is having basic infrastructure amenities such as roads, sanitation, Primary school, drinking water supply and drainage, healthcare, etc. The villages is having main sources of earning are agriculture and other types jobs influenced by industries and commercial offices. Main crops of the village are informed as rice, wheat, vegetables, Nilgri trees.
Village having education facility like anganvadi, Consultation at Budiya Village secondary school and smart operator basic training centre by Ambuja cement foundation under CSR activity. No complained about facing pollution. It is informed that internal roads need to be improved and facilities for the agricultural water need to be developed. Date: -05-05-2018
Village: - Dipli (Jiav)
Public Consultation was done with the younger and villagers. Dipli is the part (faliya) of Jiav village, this village comes under SUDA. All basic infrastructural facilities are available in the village like; roads, education
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facilities, door to door waste collection system, electricity connection, street light, ground water for domestic purpose and SMC supply for drinking purpose. The village is having major infrastructural facilities but no bus or city bus facility available. Village is aware about the project, their perception regarding to this project received positive to the project. According to them, this project will generate development of the area and employment for next generation.
Door to Door waste collection facility Date: -05-05-2018 Village: -Gaviyar/Vanta Consultation was made with elderly group and youth of the village. Village having all basic amenities primary school, anganvadi, PHC, street light, roads, due to adjacent to Surat Dumas road no issue for transpiration facilities. Borewell water use for domestic and SMC water for drinking. Sanitation, drainage systems are Consultation at Gaviyar village available. Mix occupation such as private jobs, wood cutting, farming etc. Main crops informed as rice, wheat, vegetables in monsoon season. No CSR activities in village. No complained about facing industrial pollution.
3.12.9 CONCLUSION All the respondents across all socio-economic groups, age, gender and locations have expressed their views about the location. According to them, all villages are having basic infrastructural facilities. Some villagers have complained about air pollution, water pollution and expressed about employment opportunity from this project. All have positive perception about this project. It will improve quality of life by increasing their employment opportunities and also by bringing about a positive change, like; employment, developmental activities, indirect employment, etc, impacts. People’s willingness and ability to be employed in the production activities need to be given importance. The respondents have suggested measures which need to be taken up for welfare of the people. The Company needs to undertake some measures as a part of Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER).
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3.13 ECOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY OF TERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENT Biodiversity is often considered synonymous with species richness of the area. Identifying, measuring, and monitoring biodiversity is a complex exercise. The Biodiversity assessment generally concern with, conducting biodiversity inventories; inventories for assessing existing biodiversity or stock taking. This provides the information on the biodiversity richness of the area under consideration. The biodiversity resources have never been so impoverished, largely as a result of agriculture intensification. In addition, development pressure as a result of industrialization, human population expansion and resultant increases in the “ecological foot print” of our own species has taken toll on biodiversity. A baseline survey is carried out to determine the habitats and species present on a site and their current condition. Conference of parties to the Convention on Biological diversity (CBD) held at Curitiba, Brazil on March 20th -31st, 2006 suggested biodiversity to be considered in impact assessment by providing voluntary guidelines on biodiversity inclusive Environmental Impact Assessment. CBD provides a strong international platform for applying impact assessment techniques to biodiversity conservation. It specifically calls for impact assessment measures to ensure that biodiversity is addressed in projects, plan and policy decision (Article14). An underlying justification for the application of impact assessment is also given in Article -8 which is for promoting the protection of ecosystems, natural habitats, promoting environmentally sound and sustainable development in areas next to the protected areas.
3.13.1 BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY The variety and variability of organisms and ecosystems is referred to as biological diversity or Bio diversity. Biodiversity is a term which has gained enormous importance in the past few years. Technically, it is a contraction of 'biological diversity’ for the purposes of the CBD (Article 2). Use of Terms), 'Biological Diversity' is "the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems". In practice, 'biodiversity' is most often used as a collective noun synonymous with nature or 'Life on Earth' (WCMC Biodiversity Series No 5, 1996). The biodiversity, we see today is the result of billions of years of evolution, shaped by natural processes. The vast array of interactions among the various components of biodiversity makes the planet habitable for all species, including humans. There is a growing recognition that, biological diversity is a global asset of tremendous value to present and future generations. At the same time, the threat to species and ecosystems has never been as great as it is today. Species extinction caused by human activities continues at an alarming rate. Protecting biodiversity is for our self-interest and also for the future generation.
3.13.2 PERIOD OF THE STUDY AND STUDY AREA The baseline survey for the evaluation of the floral and faunal biodiversity of the terrestrial environment was carried out within 10 km radius of construction site of Surat diamond bourse & dream city Khajod
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village, near N.H. 53, Surat. The baseline biological sampling was conducted during 20th and 21st June, 2018.
3.13.3 METHODOLOGY For purpose of Environment Impact assessment (EIA) studies, the term biodiversity survey defines collection of spatial and or temporal data about spices/ community or a habitat. The information from the survey provides a snap shot of presence or absence and spatial distribution of important species .In EIA studies the survey data are used to evaluate the ecological resources on a site and its immediate surroundings, which is then assessed or evaluated. Impacts are consider in respect to this resources and assessed for significance. The primary objective of the present survey was to describe the floristic and faunal communities within the study area. Survey conducted for EIA studies aimed to provide information on the following. What species and habitat occur in the project site and surroundings? Whether any threatened flora and fauna occur in the study area? If so, where do they occur? Extrapolation and prediction techniques were used to limit the number of sites to be assessed. The knowledge of species habitats requirement, soil type, terrain, vegetation etc. were used to predict species occurrence. This Extrapolation assessment Programme conducts preliminary for the assessment of biological value of poorly known area. The biological value of an area can be characterized by the species richness, degree of spices endemism, uniqueness of the ecosystem and magnitude of threats of extinction. This Rapid biodiversity assessment were undertaken by identifying potentially rich sites from satellite imaginary (Google Earth) and conducting the field survey in the potential habitats. GPS was utilized for locating field sample plots as well as gathering positional attributes of sighted flora and faunal species. For Floral survey, sample plots have been randomly distributed across the suitable stratum within 10 km radius of project site. Tree species were sampled using 10mx10m or 5mx5m plots depending upon the stratum variability on the ground and tree species occurrence. For sampling shrub species, two plots of size of 5 meter x 5 meter at two opposite corner of tree plots or the same 5meter x 5meter plot of tree plots were taken. For herbaceous plant five plots of 1meter x 1 meter at four corners of tree plots and one at centre. The methodology adopted for faunal survey involve; faunal habitat assessment, random intensive survey, opportunistic observations, diurnal bird observation, active search for reptiles, active search for scats and foot prints and review of previous studies. The aim was to set baselines in order to monitor and identify trends after the commencement of project activity. Emphasis has been placed on presence of rare, endemic, migratory and threatened species, if any present in the study area. Desktop literature review was conducted to identify the representative spectrum of threatened species, population and ecological communities as listed by IUCN, ZSI, BSI and in Indian wild Life Protection act, 1972. The threat status of individual species was assessed using the revised IUCN category system. Presence –Absence
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Monitoring all species was not clearly feasible. Therefore the most commonly used species based attributes of habitat composition are species presences or absences, abundance of typical species or vegetation communities, and the distribution (range) of a species/ species. The simplest target for a species is that its presence at the site or at defined location within the surrounding of it is maintained. This normally straightforward to monitor, but there are occasions, when difficulties may arise:, especially when the species that are inconspicuous, difficult to identify or rare, or those that inhabit in inaccessible areas. The distribution (range) of a species across a site can be monitored by assessing presence –absence across a number of locations (grids)
DAFOR Scale The most commonly collected data during biological baseline survey are Nominal and Ordinal. In nominal survey, each survey location was assigned predefined category, species are recorded as being present or absent at allocation or a habitat. In ordinal survey, this is an extension of nominal data in which categories are ordered. Here the abundance of a Flora species at a location (study area) is classified in an ordered scale as per their occurrence in quadrates studied such as Dominant, Abundant, Frequent ,Occasional Rare, – the co-called DAFOR scale. (David Hill etal., 2005) In the present study the Ecological Status of individual Floral species is designated in DAFOR scale as per their percentage of dominance in the sampling plots. While abundance of a fauna species at a location (study area) is classified in an ordered scale as per their occurrence/ opportunistic sighting during the study period as :VCom: Very common, Com: Common, LCom: Locally common, UnCom: Un Common and Rar; Rare.
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Figure-3.19 Habitats description of the project site and its immediate surroundings 2 km
Earlier condition of the project site Present status of the project site
Few agriculture land are located in the surroundings Few aquaculture farms are located in the surroundings
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Surat Municipal corporation Solid waste management Borassus flabellifer (Tad). Dominant trees in the study area facility mainly as farmland plantation
3.13.4 HABITATS DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA (10 KM) The major portion in the Northern side of the study area is occupied by residential area of Surat City. Industrial establishments of GIDC occupied Eastern boundary of the project site. Almost towards western portion of the study area are now converted into aquaculture farms mostly along the banks of Mindhola estuary. Due to the industrialization, urbanization and conversion of land for aquaculture; natural habitats in this area have been confined to very limited patches. Most of the barren land were occupied the large scale intrusion by Prosopis juliflora. Tree cover is dominated by a palm, Borassus flabellifer (Tad). The agriculture lands are consigned to few pockets in Budiya, Khajod, Jiav, Unn and Gavier villages of the study area. The dominant feature of the study area is aquaculture farms along the Coast of Mindhola River. Along the coast of Dumas Kadifalia Mahadev Ovara was observed fully grown mangroves of Avecinnia alba. Few patches of mangroves are also observed along the bank of Tapti estuary and Mindhola estuary.
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Figure-3.20 Habitats description of the 10 km area
Eucalyptus sp. cultivation practised in few of the agriculture Eurasian Spoonbill observed near a Water body near lands for their wood. Abhva village
One of the Few large inland water bodies were observed in Fallow land and barren land is occupied by Prosopis the study area sp.
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3.13.5 FLORAL DIVERSITY OF THE STUDY AREA The objective this floral inventory of the study area is to provide necessary information on floristic structure in the study area for formulating effective management and conservation measures. The climatic, edaphic and biotic variations with their complex interrelationship and composition of species, which are adapted to these variations, have resulted in different vegetation cover, characteristic of each region. The following account of floral inventory have been, based on the field survey conducted for a short duration in the June, 2018, is not very comprehensive data and is aimed only to give a general pattern of vegetation of this region during the study period as a baseline data in absence of available secondary data. Listing of the endangered, threatened and endemic species of flora in a locality and drawing the attention to the occurrence of such species, would aid in creating awareness amongst the local people as a whole to protect such species from extinction, and to take necessary measures for their conservation. These type of floristic study is an inventory for such purpose and hence a necessity. The tree species, herbs, shrubs, climbers and major crops, were documented during this base line study.
3.13.5.1 MANGROVES Few patches of mangroves were observed in the fringes of bank of Tapi estuary, as wells as along the banks of the island “Kidiabet”. The thick patch of mangroves of Avecinnia alba was observed only at the upstream of Magdalla bridge, that also only along the fringes of banks. Rest of the mangroves are either scattered or stunted in growth. The Mangroves growing along the fringes of bank up steam of the Magdalla Bridge is varies from 2’ feet to 5’.3” feet in height. The population density of the mangroves is not estimated as it is only restrict along the fringes and is very thick in nature. Rest of the mangroves are either scattered or stunted in growth. Along the coast of Dumas Kadifalia Mahadev Ovara also good patch of mangroves were observed.
3.13.5.2 TREES Tree cover in the study area is restricted to homestead/ or road side plantation and very few farmland plantation dominated by Borassus flabellifer (Tad). Otherwise natural tree cover is very less in this part of Surat District. Homestead plantation was dominated by Borassus flabellifer (Tad). Cocos nucifera (Narial). Mangifera indica (Keri), Tamarindus indica (Amali), Moringa oleifera (Sargavo), Pithecellobium dulce (Gorasmli), Ficus benghalensis (Vad), and Road side Plantations were dominated by Peltophorum pterocarpum (Sonmukhi), Delonix regia (Gaulmor), Azadirachta indica (Limbado), Acacia leucophloea (Hermobaval), Acacia nilotica (Baval), Albizia lebbeck (Siris), Leucaena leucocephala (Pardesi Baval), Prosopis cineraria (Khyigdo), The list of tree species observed in the study area is enlisted in the Table given below. 43 species of trees belong to 24 families are enumerated from the study area.
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Table-3.22 List of Trees in the Study area Ecological status S. No. Family & Scientific name Vernacular name in DAFOR Scale 1 Family: Anacardiaceae 1/1 Mangifera indica L. Kari F 2 Family: Annonaceae 2/1 Annona squamosa L R 3/2 Polylathia longifolia (Conn.) Thw. Asopalav F 3 Family: Apocynaceae 4/1 Plumeria rubra L. Champo O 5/2 Alstonia scholaris L. O 4 Family: Bomacaceae 6/1 Adansonia digitata L Rukh, Rukhdo R 5 Family: Arecaceae 7/1 Cocos nucifera L. Narial F 8/2 Borassus flabellifer L. Tad A 9/3 Phoenix sylvestris sp R 10/4 Roystonea regia Bottlepalm O 6 Family: Avicenniaceae 11/1 Avicennia alba Blume Patcheradi O 7 Family: Bignoniaceae 12/1 Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. Sausage tree O 8 Family: Caesalpiniaceae 13/1 Delonix regia (Boj.) Raf. Gaulmor O 14/2 Cassia fistula L. Garmalo O 15/3 Cassia siamea Lam. Kasid O 16/4 Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Backer ex Sonmukhi, A Heyne 17/5 Tamarindus indica L. Amali O 9 Family: Caricaceae 18/1 Carica papaya L. Papaya O 10 Family: Casuarinaceae 19/1 Casuarina equisetifolia L. Sharu O 11 Family: Combretaceae 20/1 Terminalia catappa L. Badam O 12 Family: Malvaceae 21/1 Thespesia populnea (L.) Sol.ex Corr. Paras piplo O 13 Family: Meliaceae 22/1 Azadirachta indica A.Juss Limbado A 14 Family: Mimosaceae 23/1 Acacia auriculiformis Austrian baval, A 24/2 Acacia leucophloea (Roxb) Willd. Hermobaval F 25/3 Acacia nilotica (L.) Del.subsp.indica (Bth.) Baval F Brenan 26/4 Albizia lebbeck (L.) Bth. Siris F 27/5 Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Pardesi Baval F 28/6 Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Bth. Gorasmli F 29/7 Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce Khyigdo F 15 Family:Moraceae 30/1 Ficus benghalensis L. Vad O 31/2 Ficus religiosa L. Piplo O 32/3 Ficus hispida Dhedh Umardo, O
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Ecological status S. No. Family & Scientific name Vernacular name in DAFOR Scale 16 Family:Moringaceae 33/1 Moringa oleifera Lam Sargavo O 17 Family:Myrtaceae 34/1 Eucalyptus sp. Nilgari O 35/2 Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels. Jambu R 18 Papilionaceae 36/1 Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre Karanj O 19 Family:Poaceae 37/1 Dendrocalamus strictus (Roxb) Bans R 20 Family:Salvadoraceae 38/1 Salvadora persica L. Piludi O 21 Family:Sapotaceae 39/1 Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dub. Rayan R 40/2 Manilkara zapota (L.) Chikoo O 22 Family:Simaroubaceae 41/1 Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. Aurdso O 23 Family:Rhamnaceae 42/1 Zizyphus glabrata Heyne ex Roth. Bor O 24 Family:Verbenaceae O 43/1 Tectona grandis L.f. Sag O
3.13.5.3 SHRUBS Shrubs observed during the present survey are given in the Table given below. 24 shrub species belong to 16 families are enumerated from the study area. The dominant shrub community in this area was represented by Prosopis juliflora (Gando baval), Calotropis procera, C. gigantea (Akado), Ipomoea fistulosa (Nasarmo), and Lawsonia inermis (Mendhi),
Table-3.23 List of the Shrubs in the study area S. Family & Scientific name Vernacular name Ecological status in No. DAFOR Scale 1 Family :Acanthaceae 1/1 Acanthus ilicifolius R 2 Family :Apocynaceae 2/1 Nerium indicum Lalkaren O 3/2 Thevetia peruviana Merr. Pili karan O 3 Family: Asclepiadaceae 4/1 Calotropis gigantea (L.) R. Br Akado A 5/2 Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.Br Akado A 4 Family: Caesalpiniaceae 6/1 Cassia auriculata L Aval F 5 Family: Convolvulaceae 7/1 Ipomoea carnea Jack. ssp. fistulosa Nasarmo A 6 Family: Euphorbiaceae 8/1 Euphorbia neriifolia L. Thor F 9/2 Jatropha curcas L. Ratanjot O 7 Family: Lythraceae 10/1 Lawsonia inermis L. Mendhi O 8 Family: Malvaceae
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S. Family & Scientific name Vernacular name Ecological status in No. DAFOR Scale 11/1 Abelomoschus manihot (L.) Medic. Jagali bhindi O 12/2 Abelomoschus esculentus (L.) Bhindi R 13/3 Hibiscus rosa –sinensis Jasund O 9 Family: Musaceae 14/1 Musa paradisiaca L. Kela O 10 Family: Mimosaceae 15/1 Prosopis juliflora DC Gando baval D 11 Family:Nyctaginaceae 16/1 Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. Bougainvel O 12 Family: Papilionaceae 17/1 Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr. Shevari O 13 Family: Poaceae 18/1 Saccharum officinarum L. Sherdi Crop 14 Family: Rhamnaceae 19/1 Zizyphus nummularia (Burm.f.) W. &. Chanibor O 15 Family: Solanaceae 20/1 Datura metel L Daturo R 21/2 Solanum incanum L Ubhi ringan R 22/3 Solanum indicum R 16 Family : Verbenaceae 23/1 Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. Madhi A 24/2 Lantana camara L.var.aculcata (L.)Mold. Ganthai F
3.13.5.4 HERBS The herbs observed in the sampling plots, during the survey period within the study area have been enlisted in the Table given below. 70 species of herbs belongs to 29 families were documented from the sampling plots laid in different habitats. Table-3.24 List of Herbaceous Species Observed In the Area Ecological status in S. No Family & Scientific name Vernacular name DAFOR Scale 1 Family Acanthaceae 1/1 Hygrophila auriculata (Schum.) Kanatashelio,Akaro A 2 Family Amaranthaceae 2/1 Aerva lanata L Gorakhganjo F 3/2 Aerva Javanica L.(Burm.f.) Bur F 4/3 Celosia argentea var argentea L. Lamdi F 3 Family Aizoaceae 5/1 Sesuvium portulacastrum 4 Family Apiaceae 6/1 Coriandrum sativum L. Kothmir R 5 Family Apocynaceae 7/1 Cathranthus roseus L. R 6 Araceae 8/1 Colocasia esculenta L. O 7 Family: Asteraceae 9/1 Ageratum conyzoides L. Mankad Mari, Dholi saddi A 10/2 Blumea mollis Bhutaco A 11//3 Echinops echinatus Roxb Shulio A 12/4 Tridax procumbens L Pardesi Bhangro D
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Ecological status in S. No Family & Scientific name Vernacular name DAFOR Scale 13/5 Parthenium hysterophorus L -- D 14/6 Xanthium strumarium L. Gokhru A 8 Family: Boraginaceae 15/1 Heliotropium bacciferum Forsk R 16/2 Heliotropium mariflolium Zinku okharad R 17/3 Trichodesma indicum R. Br. Undha Fuli A 9 Family: Chenopodiaceae 18/4 Suaeda fruticosa L Khari Luni F 19/5 Suaeda nudiflora (Willd) Moras R 10 Family: Commelinaceae 20/1 Commelina benghalensis L O 11 Family: Convolvulaceae 21/1 Cressa cretica L. Palio, Rudanti A 22/2 Convolvulus arvensis L. O 23/3 Evolvulus alsinoides (L.) O 12 Family: Cyperaceae 24/1 Cyperus sps. -- A 25/2 Fimbristylis dichotoma Vahl. -- A 26/3 Fimbristylis sps. -- A 13 Family: Euphorbiaceae 27/1 Euphorbia hirta L. -- O 14 Family: Gentianaceae 28/1 Nymphoides indicum (Roxb.) Kumudini R 15 Family: Hydrocharitaceae 29/1 Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle R 30/2 Ottelia alismodies L. R 16 Family: Lamiaceae 31/1 Anisomeles indica L. Chodharo O 32/2 Ocimum basilicum L O 33/3 Ociumum sanctum L tulsi O 17 Family: Liliaceae 34/1 Aloe barbadensis Mill. Kunvarpato O 18 Family: Malvaceae 35/1 Abutilon indicum L. Khapat,Dabaliar A 36/2 Malachra capitata L. Pardesi bhindo A 37/3 Sida sp. -- O 38/4 Pavonia sp. O 19 Family: Nymphaeaceae 39/1 Nymphaea pubescens Wild Kamal 20 Family: Papilionaceae 40/1 Alysicarpus longifolius (Rttl.ex Spreng) Motosamervo A 41/2 Cajanus cajan (L) Tuvar O 42/3 Cortalaria prostate A 43/4 Cortalaria juncea Shun A 44/5 Indigofera cardifoila Heyne ex Roth A 45/6 Indigofera oblongifolia Forks. -- A 46/7 Indigofera sp. A 47/8 Tehrosia purpurea L. Sarpankho A 48/9 Tephrosia sps. -- A 50/10 Medicago sativa L Lachko O
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Ecological status in S. No Family & Scientific name Vernacular name DAFOR Scale 51/11 Cacia tora Kuvandio F 21 Family: Poaceae 52/1 Aleuropus lagopoides (L) -- 53/2 Cynodon barberi Rang. -- A 54/3 Cynodon dactylon (L.) -- A 55/4 Phragmites kara (Retz.) -- A 56/5 Oryza sativa L. Chokha Crop 57/6 Sorghum bicolor (L.) Jowar Crop 58/7 Urochondra setulosa (Trin.) O 59/9 Zea mays Makai Crop 22 Family: Poligonaceae 60/1 Poligonum sp. O 23 Family: Pontederiaceae O 61/1 Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Kanphutti 24 Family: Potamogetonaceae 62/1 Potomogeton sp. 25 Family: Solanaceae 63/1 Solanum nigrum L. Piludi O 64/2 Solanum surattense Brum. Bhoringni R 26 Family: Scrophulariaceae 65/1 Bacopa monnieri L. R 27 Family: Tiliaceae 66/1 Corchorus depressus Stocks Bhuphali R 67/2 Corchorus aestunans L. Chunch R 28 Family: Typhaceae 68/1 Typha angustata Bory & Chaub Ramban,Ghabajariu O 29 Family: Zygophyllaceae 69/1 Fagonia cretica L. -- O 70/2 Tribulus terrestris L. Mithu Gokhru R
3.13.5.5 CLIMBERS AND TWINERS Climbers/ twiners in the study area dominated by, Ipomoea pes-tigridis (Wagpadi), Ipomea pes-caprae (Dariani vel), Ipomea aquatica (Nali ni Bhaji), Coccinia grandis (Ghiloda), Luffa cylindrica (Galku), and Abrus precatorius (Chanothai). The major climbers and twiners observed in the study area in the sampling plots are given in the Table given below. 15 species of climbers/ twiners belongs to 5 families are recorded from the area Table-3.25 List of Climbers Observed In the Area S. Ecological status in Family & Scientific name Vernacular name No DAFOR Scale 1 Family: Asclepiadaceae 1/1 Pentatropis spiralis (Forsk.) Decne Shingroti O 2 Family: Convolvulaceae 2/1 Ipomea cairica (L.) -- A 3/2 Ipomea nili L. O 4/3 Ipomoea obscura L. -- O 5/4 Ipomea pulchella Roth -- O 6/5 Ipomea aquatica Forsk. Nadinivel A 7/6 Ipomoea pes-caprae var. pes-caprae Dariani vel/Maryad vel O
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S. Ecological status in Family & Scientific name Vernacular name No DAFOR Scale 8/7 Ipomoea pes-tigrides L O 3 Family: Caesalpiniaceae 9/1 Caesalpinia crista L. Kachka R 4 Family: Cucurbitaceae 10/1 Coccinia grandis Ghiloda O 11/2 Corallocarpus epigeus (Arn.0 Cl.in HK. R 12/3 Luffa cylindrica (L.) M.J.Roem Galku O 13/4 L. acutangula (L) Jungli turia O 5 Family: Papilionaceae 14/1 Abrus precatorius L. Chanothi O 15/2 Clitoria ternatea L. Gokaran O
3.13.5.6 CULTIVATED PLANTS IN THE STUDY AREA The major agriculture activity is restricted to few pockets of the study area mainly in monsoon season. The major crops practiced are Guwar (Cyamopsis tetragonolob)), Chaval /Choka (Oryza sativa), Val/Val papri (Lablab purpureus) Surati papdi papdi (Lablab purpureus var.sweet) , Bajra (Pennisetum typhoides), and Jowar (Sorghum bicolar). But during the survey period no crop were observed in the agriculture fields. The crops details of study area mentioned here are as per the information provided by villagers. Major Crops Major crops in the study area are rice (Oryza sativa) Minor crops The minor crops of this region are Bajra (Pennisetum typhoides), and Jowar (Sorghum bicolar) Chana (Cicer erietinum), Vegetable: The vegetables grown in the study area are, Rigan (Solanum melongena), Guwar (Cyamopsis tetragonolob), Val/Val papri (Lablab purpureus) and Surati papdi (Lablab purpureus var.sweet) Horticulture Practices and fruit grown Horticulture activity was found to be restricted in few villages observed with orchards of Mango and Chikoo.
3.13.6 RARE AND ENDANGERED FLORA IN THE STUDY AREA The IUCN Red List is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species. It uses a set of criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. With its strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the most authoritative guide to the status of biological diversity. Among the enumerated flora in the study area, none of them were assigned any threat category, by RED data book of Indian Plants. (Nayar and Sastry,1990) and Red list of threatened Vascular plants (IUCN,2010, BSI, 2003)
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1. Rare Massive Tree Adansonia digitata observed in the study area Adansonia digitata L. (Bombacaceae family) is a native deciduous tree from the African Savannas. The English common name is probably derived from the Arabic bu hibab, which means “fruit with several seeds”. It is characterized by an unusual, swollen, relatively short, bottle shaped trunk in which spongy fibres store water for the dry season. For this reason, it is also called “bottle tree”. The mature circumference can exceed 20 m; the diameter at chest height is about 10 m. African baobab is a very long-living tree. It normally lives for about 500 years, but it is believed that some trees are up to 5000 years old. It is called as Kapavriksh in India, with great mythological significance. It is reported that Natural regeneration of Baobab is poor due to the hard seed coat.
Description The massive, usually squat cylindrical trunk gives rise to thick tapering branches resembling a root- system, which is why it has often been also referred to as the upside-down tree looking like it has been picked out of the ground and stuffed back in upside-down. The stem is covered with a bark layer, which may be 50-100 mm thick. The bark is greyish brown and normally smooth but can often be variously folded and seamed from years of growth. The baobab is leafless for nine months of the year. The leaves are hand-sized and divided into 5-7 finger-like leaflets. Being deciduous, the leaves are dropped during the winter months and appear again early summer. The large, pendulous flowers (up to 200 mm in diameter) are white and sweetly scented. They emerge in the late afternoon from large round buds on long drooping stalks from October to December. The flowers fall within 24 hours, turning brown and smelling quite unpleasant. The fruit is a large, egg-shaped capsule, covered with yellowish brown hairs. The fruit consists of a hard, woody outer shell with a dry, powdery substance inside that covers the hard, black, kidney-shaped seeds. Almost all parts of A. digitata are used as medicines and also possess high nutritional value.
Geographic Distribution This enormous tree supposedly has its origin in the African continent and brought in by sailors who came to establish trade links with India; they thereafter planted them across the Indian subcontinent.” A minority of botanists have suggested that this tree is an Indian tree which has been mentioned in historical books, etched on some of our ancient temple walls and even worshipped for ages as KalpaVriksha — the mythical wish fulfilling tree.
Distribution in the study area Four trees of this non indigenous species were observed in the study area; one trees at Gavier village, and one tree at Bhimpore village.
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Status Regarded as the largest succulent plant in the world, the baobab tree is steeped in a wealth of mystique, legend and superstition wherever it occurs in Africa. It is a tree that can provide food, water, shelter and relief from sickness. IUCN have not evaluated this species. The tree at present is facing a crisis of survival; natural regeneration potential of this tree is reported to be very poor. Very few trees observed in India.
Threat status Adansonia digitata is an important arboreal species with very limited distribution in India, which is being faced threat into extinction. In order to preserve this genetic resource of great economic and medicinal value, studies on germination has to be carried out. Baobab trees flower for the first time at about 20 years. In mid-summer, dozens of luminous white blossoms - the size of saucers - open at sunset and their strong musky odour attracts fruit bats and hosts of insects. Large bats seek out the sweet nectar and collect and distribute pollen as they move from flower to flower. The flower is short lived and it drops to the ground within hours of being pollinated. The resultant seeds develop in a hairy pod which resembles a miniature rugby ball. The seeds are not generally eaten by animals.
3.13.6 ENDEMIC PLANTS OF THE STUDY AREA De Candolle (1855) first used the concept of “Endemic”, which is defined as an area of a taxonomic unit, especially a species which has a restricted distribution or habitat, isolated from its surrounding region through geographical, ecological or temporal barriers. Among recorded plant species, during the survey period, none can be assigned the status of endemic plant of this region.
3.13.7 STATUS OF FOREST AND THEIR CATEGORY IN THE STUDY AREA No natural forest land was observed in the study area except mangrove patches in the mouth of Tapti estuary along the fringes of islands and mud banks and a thick patch of Prosopis juliflora dominated scrub land which is situated along the western shoreline between Sultanabad and Dumas village.
3.13.8 FAUNAL BIODIVERSITY IN THE STUDY AREA For the documentation of the faunal biodiversity of the study area with respect to birds, reptiles, amphibians, and butterfly species, a baseline survey had been conducted in June, 2018
3.13.9.1 BIRDS OF THE STUDY AREA The most commonly spotted bird species of this area were; Cattle Egret, and Little Egret, Systematic account of the birds in the study area with the status of occurrence is given in the Table given below.
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The Gavier Talab (21007 34.5, 720 44’ 02.4 “) located almost opposite to the project site in Gavier village, which was observed to attract many residential and migratory birds during winter period. Table-3.26 Systematic List of Birds in the Study Area with its Residential Status Resident Ecological Old Common name New Common Name Scientific Name status status I ORDER: ANSERIFORMES Spotbill Spot-billed Duck Anas poecilorhyncha R UC II ORDER: APODIFORMES Family: Apodidae (swifts) Common Swift Common Swift Apus apus R VC IIIORDER: FALCONIFORMES Family: Accipitridae (vulture, Sparrow hawk, Eagle, Harrier, Kite and Vulture) Shikra Shikra Accipiter badius R UC Black-winged Kite Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus R UC Common Pariakh Kite Black Kite Milvus migrans R UC IV. ORDER: : CICONIIFORMES Family: Ardeidae (heron, Egret, Bittern Pond Heron Indian Pond-Heron Ardeola grayii R VC Cattle Egret Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis R VC Mesophoyx intermedia Median or Smaller Egret Intermediate Egret R VC Egretta intermedia Little Egret Little Egret Egretta garzetta R VC Family: Charadriidae (Plover, Stilt, Oystercatcher, Lapwing, Avocet ) Black-winged Stilt Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus R VC Red-wattled Lapwing Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus R VC Family: Ciconiidae (Open bill, stork, Adjutant) Open bill stork Asian Open bill Anastomus oscitans R UC Painted Stork Painted Stork Mycteria leucocephala R UC Family: Laridae (Tern, Gull) Lesser Black-backed Larus fuscus UC Lesser Black-backed Gull Gull W
Family: Phalacrocoracidae ( Cormorant) Phalacrocorax C Indian Shag Indian Cormorant R fuscicollis Little Cormorant Little Cormorant Phalacrocorax niger R UC Family: Pteroclidae (Sandgrouse) Chestnut-bellied Pterocles exustus Indian Sandgrouse R sandgrouse Family: Threskiornithidae (Spoonbill and Ibis) UC Spoonbill Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia UC Black Ibis Red-naped Ibis Pseudibis papillosa R VC Threskiornis UC White Ibis Black-headed Ibis R melanocephalus V ORDER: COLUMBIFORMES Family: Columbidae (Pigeon, Dove) Blue Rock Pigeon Rock Pigeon Columba livia R VC Ring Dove Eurasian Collared-Dove Streptopelia decaocto R VC VI : ORDER: CORACIFORMES
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Resident Ecological Old Common name New Common Name Scientific Name status status Family: Dacelonidae (King fishers) White-throated Halcyon smyrnensis UC White breasted Kingfisher R Kingfisher Family: Meropidae (Bee Eater) Small Green bee-eater Little Green Bee-eater Merops orientalis R C VII. ORDER: CUCULIFORMES Family: Centropodidae (Cocucal) Crow-Pheasant or Coucal Greater Coucal Centropus sinensis R UC Family: Cuculidae (Cuckoo, Koel) Koel Asian Koel Eudynamys scolopacea R UC Indian Drongo Cuckoo Drongo Cuckoo Surniculus lugubris R UC VIII. ORDER: GALLIFORMES Family: Phasianidae (Peafowl , Partridge, Quail, francolin, spur fowl, jungle fowl, Monal) Common Peafowl Indian Peafowl Pavo cristatus R UC IX ORDER: GRUIFORMES Family: Rallidae ( Waterhen, coot, crake water cock, Moorhen, Rail,) White-breasted Water Amaurornis phoenicurus UC White-breasted Water hen R hen Coot Common Coot Fulica atra R UC Indian Moorhen Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus R UC Purple Moorhen Purple Swamphen Porphyrio porphyrio R UC X. ORDER: PASSERIFORMES Family: Paridae (Tit ) Grey Tit Great Tit Parus major R UC Family: Corvidae Coracina macei UC Large Cuckoo-shrike Large Cuckoo-shrike R
Raven Common Raven Corvus corax R UC House Crow House Crow Corvus splendens R VC Tree Pie Rufous Treepie Dendrocitta vagabunda R UC Family: Laniidae (shrike) Rufous backed Shrike Long-tailed Shrike Lanius schach R UC Grey Shrike Northern Shrike Lanius excubitor R VC Family: Muscicapidae ( Short wing, Chat, Robin, Shama) Indian Robin Indian Robin Saxicoloides fulicata R VC Pied Bushchat Pied Bush chat Saxicola caprata R VC Family: Nectariniidae ( Sun Birds, Flower pecker, Spider hunter ) Purple Sunbird Purple Sunbird Nectarinia asiatica R VC Small Sunbird Crimson-backed Sunbird Nectarinia minima R VC Family: Passeridae ( Avadavat, Pipit, Wagtail, Munia, Snow finch, sparrow, weaver ,Accentor) House Sparrow House Sparrow Passer domesticus R UC Grey Tit Great Tit Parus major R UC Family: Pycnonotidae (Bulbul, ) Red-vented Bulbul Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer R VC Family: Sturnidae (Myna, Starling) Bank Myna Bank Myna Acridotheres ginginianus R VC Indian Myna Common Myna Acridotheres tristis R VC Rosy pastor Rosy Starling Sturnus roseus R Family: Sylviidae ( Warbler, Browning, Fulvetta ,Babbler, Laughing thrash, Tailor birds)
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Resident Ecological Old Common name New Common Name Scientific Name status status Common Babbler Common Babbler Turdoides caudatus R UC Jungle Babbler Jungle Babbler Turdoides striatus R UC Tailorbird Common Tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius R UC XI. ORDER: PSITTACIFORMES Family: Psittacidae (Parrot and Parakeet) Rose-ringed Parakeet Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri R UC Order: Upupiformes Family: Upupidae Hoopoe Eurasian Hoopoe Upupa epops R R
Note: Resident Status R = Widespread Resident, W = Widespread Winter Visitor , M Widespread migrant r = Very Local Resident Occurrence/ opportunistic sighting during the study period as :VC: Very common, C: Common, LC: Locally common, UC: Un Common and R; Rare
Source: Oriental Bird Club’s Check list of Indian Birds, Oxford university Press (2011) , Birds of Indian Sub-continent Kumar, A., J.P. Sati and P.C. Tak (2003): Checklist of Indian Waterbirds. BUCEROS 8 (1): 30 pp
3.13.9.2 BUTTERFLIES FROM THE STUDY AREA Butterflies observed during the present study are documented in the Table given below
Table-3.27 Butterflies in the Study Area Ecological # Scientific name & family Common name status 1 Family Papilionidae 1/1 Papilio polytes Linnaeus Common Mormon LC 2 Family: Pieridae 2/1 Eurema hecabe Linnaeus Common Grass yellow LC 3/2 Catopsilia pomona Fabricius Common Emigrant LC 4/3 Catopsilia pyranthe Linnaeus Mottled Emigrant UC 5/4 Ixias mariane Cramer White orange tip UC 6/5 Ixias pyrene Linnaeus Yellow orange tip UC 3 Family: Nymphalidae 7/1 Danaus genutia Cramer Stripped Tiger LC 8/2 Hypolimanas misippus Linnaeus Danaid egg fly LC 9/3 Mycalesis perseus Fabricius Common bush brown UC
Occurrence/ opportunistic sighting during the study period as :VC: Very common, C: Common, LC: Locally common, UC: Un Common and R; Rare
3.13.9.3 HERPETO FAUNA Reptiles document in the region is given in the Table given below Table-3.28 Reptiles in the Study Area # Scientific name Common name Ecological Status 1 Calotes versicolor (Daudin) Common garden lizard LC 2 Eutropis carinata ( Schneider) Common or Brahminy R Skink 3 Ptyas mucosus (Linn.) Common rat snake
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# Scientific name Common name Ecological Status 4 Varanus bengalensis ( Daudin) Common Indian monitor R 5 Hemidactylus flaviviridis (Ruppell) House Gecko LC 6 Sitana ponticeriana ( Cuvier) Fan-Throated Lizard LC 7 Naja naja (Linn.) Indian Cobra 8 Daboia russelii ( Shaw and Nodder) Russell’s Viper 9 Bungarus caeruleus ( Schneider Common Indian Krait
Occurrence/ opportunistic sighting during the study period as :VC: Very common, C: Common, LC: Locally common, UC: Un Common and R; Rare = Not sighted but included as per the information provided by villagers, during the interaction with them with pictorial presentation.
3.13.9.4 MAMMALS The wild mammals observed other than domesticated ones from study area is documented in the Table given below: Table-3.29 Mammals in the Study Area # Scientific name Common Name Ecological status 1 Mus booduga (Gray) Indian field mouse UC 2 Herpestes edwardsi (Geoffroy) Common Mongoose UC 3 Lepus sp. Hare UC 4 Funambulus pennanii ( Wroughton) Five striped Palm squirrel LC 5 Sufa scrofa (Linnaeus) Indian Wild boar 6 Pteropus giganteus( Brunnich) Indian flying fox UC
Occurrence/ opportunistic sighting during the study period as: VC: Very common, C: Common, LC: Locally common, UC: Un Common and R; Rare = Not sighted but included as per the information provided by villagers, during the interaction with them with pictorial presentation.
3.13.10 RARE AND ENDANGERED FAUNA OF THE STUDY AREA 1. As per IUCN RED (2016) list The IUCN Red List is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species. It uses a set of criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. With its strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the most authoritative guide to the status of biological diversity. Among the sighted fauna two birds, Painted stork (Mycteria leucocephala) and , Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) fall under Near threatened category of IUCN Red data.
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Table-3.30 Threatened and Near Threatened and Animals of the Study Area Threat status Species Habitat Location Coordinates Number (IUCN,2012)
It inhabits 0 Black-headed Ibis Tapti intertidal 21 06’ 28.8” (Threskiornis freshwater marshes, region 72042’22.4” lakes, rivers, 2 melanocephalus) flooded grasslands, Near threatened paddy fields, tidal ver.3.1 creeks, mudflats, saltmarshes and coastal lagoons, usually in extreme lowlands Painted stork Shallow water Along the 210 07’ 51.7” Near threatened (Mycteria bodies, Trees near intertidal region 2 720 42’ 30.9” ver.3. leucocephala) water bodies of Tapti Source: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2017-3.
2. As per Indian Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, as amended on 17th January 2003, is an Act to provide for the protection of wild animals, birds and plants and for matters connected therewith or ancillary or incidental thereto with a view to ensuring the ecological and environmental security of the country. Some of the other sighted fauna were given protection by the Indian Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 by including them in different schedules. Among the birds in the area, Pea fowl (Pavo Cristatus),) is included in schedule I .of Wild life protection Act (1972), Most of other birds are included in schedule IV.
Among the reptiles, Indian Cobra (Naja naja), and Common Rat Snake (Ptyas Mucosus) were provided protection as per Schedule-II of Wild life protection act, (1972). Among mammals; Common Mongoose (Herpestes Edwardsi), is a schedule –II mammal. Wild Boars (Sus scrofa Linnaeus) are provided protection by incorporating them in schedule–III,. Hares and five stripped squirrels are included in schedule IV, Indian Flying Fox (Pteropus gigantus) is protected as schedule V of Wild Life Protection act 1972. Table-3.31 Sighted Species Provided Protection as Per Wild Life Protection Act 1972 Schedule Wild Nearest Group Species Coordinates Number Life Protection act village 1972. Pea fowl Secondary - - Schedule I (Pavo cristatus) evidence Birds Throughout the Few other birds Schedule-IV area Indian Cobra Secondary Schedule-II (Naja naja) Reptiles Common rat snake Secondary Schedule-II (Ptyas mucosus)
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Schedule Wild Nearest Group Species Coordinates Number Life Protection act village 1972. Abhava 210 06 ’ 56. 8” 1adult Common Mongoose village 720 46’ 13.1” Schedule-II (Herpestes edwardsi)
Five striped Palm
squirrel Schedule-IV Many places -- >30 Mammals (Funambulus pennanii) Wild Boars (Secondary)- Schedule-III (Sus scrofa Linnaeus) 210 05’ 11. 7” Indian Flying Fox Gabeni 720 49’ 45.8” 8 Schedule-v (Pteropus gigantus) village
Source: Wild Life Protection Act 1972 and its amendments
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CHAPTER – 4
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS The baseline data are going to be extrapolated to identify the impacts of the proposed construction project on the various aspects of environmental components. Any developmental activity has an impact on the surrounding environment of its activities, which can be either positive or negative. The negative impacts are being mitigated with the help of adequate measures so that the environment is not being damaged and conserved to the maximum extent possible.
4.1.1 OBJECTIVE To identify project activities that could beneficially or adversely impact the environment. Predict and assess the environmental impacts of such activities. • Examine each environmental aspect-impact relationship in detail and identify its degree of significance. • Identify possible mitigation measures for these project activities and select the most appropriate mitigation measure, based on the reduction in significance achieved and practicality in implementation.
4.1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS These are elements of an organization’s activities or products or services that can interact with the environment. Environmental aspects could include activities that occur during normal, abnormal and emergency operations. Environmental aspects selected for further study should be large enough for meaningful examination and small enough to be easily understood.
4.1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS Environmental impacts are defined as any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organization’s environmental aspects.
The environmental impacts can be categorized as either Primary or Secondary. Primary impacts are those, which are linked directly to the project, secondary impacts are those, which are indirectly induced and typically include the effects on social and economic patterns of the surrounding.
The impacts prepared for the proposed project are based on the assumption that the pollution will remain for short period as the proposed project is construction project. The proposed project would create impact on the environment for the temporary or short term effects caused during construction phase.
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4.1.4 ENVIRONMENTAL INDICES The environment includes surroundings in which an organization operates such as air, water, land, natural resources, flora, fauna, humans and their interrelation. The environmental indices (or parts of the receiving environment on which impacts are being assessed) include Land use/land cover, air quality, noise quality, surface water environment, ground water environment, soil, ecology and bio diversity, socio economics, occupational health, community health and safety.
4.1.5 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY After the identification of impacting activities, impacts require to be assessed based on subjective / objective criteria to assess the impacting activities. This is done in the following steps.
4.1.5.1 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS This entails employing a simple checklist method requiring: • Listing of environmental aspects (i.e. activities or parts thereof that can cause environmental impacts). • Identifying applicable components of the environment on which the environmental aspects can cause an environmental impact. • Listing the environmental components likely to receive impacts, along with the key impacting activities on each component.
4.1.5.2 ECOLOGICAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT CONSIDERED THE FOLLOWING STAGES • Identification of the likely zone of influence arising from the whole lifespan of the project. • Assessment of the ecological impacts of the project and definition of the significance of these impacts. • Identification and evaluation of ecological resources and features likely to be affected. • Identification of the biophysical changes likely to affect valued ecological resources and features. • Assessment whether these biophysical changes are likely to give rise to a significant ecological impact, defined as an impact on the integrity of a defined site or ecosystem. • The conservation status of habitats or species within a given geographical area, including cumulative impacts. • Refinement of the project to incorporate ecological enhancement measures, mitigation measures to avoid or reduce negative impacts, and compensation measures for any residual significant negative impacts. • Provision for monitoring and following up the implementation and success of mitigation measures and ecological outcomes, including feedback in relation to predicted outcomes.
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4.1.5.3 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT Considering that identification of significant environmental impact is essential in the preparation of EIA report, an attempt has been made here through the use of "Activity Effect" matrix.
4.2 IDENTIFICATION MATRIX For simplicity the entire project has been divided into two phases. • Construction Phase • Operation Phase Impact identification matrix for construction phase and operation phase is shown in the Table 4.1.
Table 4.1 Impact Identification Matrix Potential Environmental Impacts on Environment S. Land Project Activity Surface Ground Ecolog Human No Air Noise & SE water water y Health Soil 1 Construction Phase 1.1 Site Clearing -1 -1 0 0 -1 -1 0 -1 Transportation of 1.2 raw materials & -1 -1 0 0 0 -1 0 -1 wastes Construction 1.3 -1 -1 -2 -2 -1 -1 1 -2 activities on land Energy Consumption & 1.4 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 -1 0 Fuel consumption for DG Construction waste 1.5 -1 0 0 0 -1 0 0 -1 generation Storage of Raw 1.6 -1 0 0 0 -1 0 0 -1 Material 1.7 Labour Colony 0 0 -2 0 -1 0 1 1 2 Operation Phase 2.1 Operation of DGs -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.2 Solid waste disposal -1 0 0 0 -1 0 1 1 Wastewater 2.3 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 1 disposal
2.5 Landscape 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
2.6 Transportation -1 -1 0 0 0 0 1 -1
Employment Generation & 2.7 0 0 -1 0 0 0 1 1 Business opportunity Total -5 -5 -5 -2 -2 -1 4 -2 Grading of impacts 2 Most Positive, 1 Positive, 0 No Impacts, -1 Negative , -2 Most Negative
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Table 4.2 Cumulative Impact Matrix Relative Cumulative Score Cumulative Environmental Importance of each for Each Attribute, Significance Attributes Attribute, Wi (%) Si ( Si x Wi ) / 100 Air Quality 10 -5 -0.5 Noise Level 25 -5 -1.25 Surface Water Quality 15 -5 -0.75 Ground Water Quality 10 -2 -0.2 Land Use & Soil 25 -2 -0.5 Terrestrial & Aquatic Ecology 20 -1 -0.2 Socio-Economic Status 20 4 0.8 Human Health 20 -2 -0.4 Cumulative Score -3 As shown in Table 4.2, the cumulative value of significance of the project, in terms of the impact on the environment, with mitigation measures works out to be (‐‐‐) 3.
4.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACTS & PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES Mitigation measures require being formulated and implemented for all high risk and moderate risk activities. A programme to implement all mitigation measures is then prepared and presented as an Environmental Management Program. The mitigation measures are proposed for these activities are given in below Table-4.2.
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Table 4.3 Environment Impact due to Construction Activity Environmental Activity Cause Mitigation measure Attributes
Barrier sheet will be provided to avoid dispersion of dust in Air quality (PM) Dislodging of particles from the ground. surrounding area by individual developers.
Less noisy equipments will be selected and used for construction wherever possible. Also, the utility of the noisy equipments will be restricted only during the day time; hence the impact on the Noise generation arises usually from earth excavating Noise levels neighborhood due to the activity will be negligible. Proper timely equipment & transportation vehicles. maintenance of construction equipments will reduce noise generation. Barricades will be provided all around the site to reduce impact of noise to the public. Phase wise construction will reduce the impact.
To conserve the soil substrata; soil disturbing activities will be Site clearing restricted and will be minimum; preliminary landscape development will be done during the time of construction. Top soil excavation, Land & Soil Removal of vegetation cover and reduced soil stability. preservation and reuse during construction phase will be planned appropriately. Top soil will be stored in a designated place and it will be reused for green belt and landscaping works.
The increased construction vehicular and heavy machinery with higher noise level may drive away the fauna from the project site to Emigration of common birds and animals. Ecology neighboring area. But as the project is area development /smart city so Removal of Shrubs if any rich greenery will consist of variety of plant species which would enrich the ecology of the area and add to the aesthetics.
Transportation Air quality Transport of construction material in trucks, Exhaust emission Construction materials or waste will be transported in covered trucks.
of Construction (PM SOx, NOx, from vehicles. Water sprinkling will be carried out on site. Minimum stock of materials & CO) materials will be maintained and covered with sheet.
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Environmental Activity Cause Mitigation measure Attributes
wastes Noise levels Noise generation from vehicles movement. Regular maintenance of vehicles.
Socio-Economics A construction requirement for goods and services stimulates Temporary employment/engagement will be generated due to economic growth. transportation activities like drives, labors, vehicles.
Air quality Operation of construction machinery, excavation activity, Mask, helmet, ear plugs, goggles, shoes, etc. will be provided to
(PM, SOx, NOx, dust from excavated soil, welding activities, painting and workers. Barricade will be provided to excavated activity to reduce CO, VOC) others. impacts. Water sprinkling on excavated soil will be done to reduce dust generation. Painting will be for temporary period.
Noise levels Noise generation from use of heavy machinery during Personal protective equipment like ear plug and ear muff will be excavation and construction. Use of pumps for dewatering. provided to workers. Barricade will be provided to excavated activity to reduce impacts. Pumps will be operated within barricaded area.
Land & Soil Reduced Soil Stability and change of landuse. Select soil stockpile location to avoid slopes, natural drainage ways and approach road points. Construction Temporary seeding - protect topsoil stockpiles by temporarily activities on land seeding preferably grass and legume species as soon as possible, within 30 days after the formation of the stockpile. Permanent vegetation - permanent vegetation will be stabilized to control erosion and weeds. Before spreading topsoil, establish erosion and sedimentation control structures such as diversions, dikes, waterways and sediment basins.
Socio-Economics Employment opportunities to local people and skilled and Temporary employment will be generated due to transportation, semi-skilled labours construction, fabrication etc. which will help in improving socio- economic level of engaged people. Due to construction activities air pollution will be generated which will have impact on human health.
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Environmental Activity Cause Mitigation measure Attributes
Construction Water quality Discharge of untreated sewage The sewage generated from construction will be treated through STP. Labours (BOD, TSS,)
Land and Soil Generation of solid wastes from construction activity The area under construction will be covered to avoid penetration of waste construction material. Waste material will be disposed properly.
Socio-economics Employment opportunities to local people and skilled and Temporary employment will be generated due to transportation, semi-skilled labours construction, fabrication etc. which will help in improving socio- economic level of engaged people. Primary health care of the workers will be taken care.
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4.3.1 EMISSION SOURCE AND AIR QUALITY MODELING During operation phase the emission of flue gas will take place during emergency purpose. Although required stack height will be provided. D. G. sets will be used for the emergency purpose though air quality modeling is not considered as no continues emission will be there from this proposed area development project.
4.3.2 IMPACT AND MITIGATION ON AIR POLLUTION During operation phase, major source for air pollution will be vehicular movement and operation of D. G. sets which would be for emergency purpose so pollution from D. G. sets will be negligible. Its impact can be on health of community and nearby ecological system. Greenery in Dream city will be developed which will improve the air quality and ecosystem.
Vehicles with PUC certification will be allowed that will control excessive air emission. While dammar concrete roads will be developed within Dream City. D. G. sets will be for emergency operation purpose however proper stack height will be provided.
4.3.3 IMPACT AND MITIGATION ON WATER POLLUTION
During operation phase, total water requirement for the project would be estimated around 55 MLD. This water will be sourced from SMC water supply system. Its impact can be assessed on its competitive users, it will create deficit within competitive users. To mitigate this impact, rain water harvesting system should be adopted which is already proposed by the project proponent. Total 45 MLD waste water will be generated which will be treated in STP operated by SMC.
4.3.4 IMPACT AND MITIGATION ON NOISE POLLUTION During operation phase of the project, noise will be generated comparing to existing situation due to development, transportation activities and operation of DG set. But this will remain within the limited location. It will impact on local community’s health and ecosystem of the area. To mitigate this impact, plantation should be developed and public transportation should be promoted to reduce transportation noise and air pollution.
4.3.5 IMPACT AND MITIGATION ON SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
Solid waste will be one of the main concerns of pollution from the operation phase of the project. Solid waste generation may generate odour and dirtiness which will have impact on community’s health. It can be reduced by regular pick up of waste and cleaning of the bin area.
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4.3.6 IMPACT AND MITIGATION ON SOCIO ECONOMIC ASPECTS
During the operation phase of the project, major impact will be seen on socio economic aspects also. Operation phase will create air, noise, water pollution comparing to existing situation due to the development. Its impact will be on community’s health. That can be mitigated by organizing health care activities within the local community.
With this project community will have positive impact also which will improve the socio economic life of the area, like employment generation directly and indirectly, creation of business opportunities, improvement in the valuation of the local properties, improvement of the community facilities by CER activities by this project. Public transport will be improved.
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CHAPTER – 5
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
5.1 GENERAL This chapter deals with the consideration of alternative site and alternative technologies to be used in building materials, in energy conservation and transport, which details the traffic impact study and its management measures and other alternatives if any for the proposed area development project. The proposed project involves mainly two phases i.e. construction phase and operation phase. Since it is a Area Development, there will be general activities during construction phase and operation phase of the project; hence, alternative options do not exist. However, some of the optimum alternatives that can be applied for the proposed development are discussed in this chapter.
5.2 ALTERNATIVES OF SITE No alternative site was selected, as the proposed project is the government waste land is given with development rights. The area development project will be developed on the government wasteland. The location of the site is well situated with proper drainage and approach roads and power supply, transportation etc. and sufficient land is available for the proposed development including landscape area.
The development of the proposed project will be under taken as per applicable statutory guidelines and accordingly required statutory clearances will be obtained for the proposed development of the project.
The proponent since selected this particular site: • There is availability and easy accessibility of basic facilities like water, electricity, manpower, fuel, raw materials etc. • There is availability of workers in nearby places during construction as well as operation phase. • There is availability of good communication and transportation facilities. • The proposed project site is around 5 km from Surat Airport. • The project site is situated in Surat city. • There are no ecologically sensitive areas falls within 10 km radial distance around the proposed project site. • No state and interstate boundaries exist within the 10 km radial distance around the proposed project site. • By considering all these criteria, the project site has been selected and hence there is no requirement of alternative site.
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A good part of the world’s energy is consumed by construction related projects. Building industry is dependent on endless supply of high quality materials and energy resources. Buildings on a global scale consume about 40% of the raw stone, gravel and sand, 40% of energy and 16% of the water each year. These results in depletion of non-renewable materials and resources, production of waste byproducts, release of pollutants and deterioration of the air, water, soils and the habitat that surrounds it.
It is necessary that one should try to find various alternatives and what is environmentally best being preferred. As, we are in a great need of saving energy by controlling consumption pattern, usage of green building materials, water reusing technologies, etc. by adopting alternative technologies for the coming projects.
5.3 ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES 5.3.1 TRANSPORT Detailed study of Traffic impact, its management and mitigation measures proposed on this area development project is enclosed in Chapter-3.
5.3.2 BUILDING MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES Use of building materials with low embodied energy and high strength are recommended as an alternative to the conventional building materials for the proposed project. The use of alternative materials and technologies will reduce the use of nonrenewable resources thereby reducing the impact on natural resources and helps to conserve energy.
Below mentioned building materials and technologies will be adopted based on the availability.
Walls: • Block products with waste and recycled contents such as fly ash, blast furnace slag, sewage sludge, waste wood fire, rice husk ash etc. • Fly ash based lightweight aerated concrete blocks. • Fly ash, lime and gypsum made products; which can be used as a cementitious material for mortar/ plasters & for masonry blocks. Openings • Use of precast-thin-lintels • Use of steel with a verified recycled content • Use of Aluminium with a verified recycled content • Use of Gypsum based board
Superstructure • Use of fly ash/ blast furnace slag concrete
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Some of the other alternatives to be adopted are, • Use of metal frames for doors and windows. • Building with large windows to cutoff harsh sunlight to keep interior cooler. • Medium size windows for better natural light and ventilation. • Use of water efficient fixture units for plumbing works. • Use of energy efficient lighting units. • Reuse of construction wastes for road and landscape formation within the site. • Use of Excavated top soil for landscaping • Use of harvested rainwater for domestic purposes. • Proposal of Sewage Treatment Plant in order to treat the sewage generated within the campus. • Use of STP treated water for toilet flushing and Gardening. • Maximum setback is maintained for permitting free flow of air and maximum natural light for all inhabitants. • Proposal of organic waste converter in order to process the organic wastes in to organic manure. • Proposal of relevant fire safety as per NBC norms.
5.3.3 ENERGY CONSERVATION There is a need to adopt energy efficient technologies for conservation of energy. The Proposed project is a area development project and few energy conservation measures are adopted by using energy efficient devices and by;
1. Eco-friendly Refrigerants 2. Enhanced Energy Efficiency 3. Commissioning, Post-installation of Equipment & Systems 4. Energy Metering and Management
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CHAPTER – 6
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
6.1 INTRODUCTION Environmental monitoring describes the processes and activities that need to take place to characterise and monitor the quality of the environment. It checks efficiency of mitigation measures and changes in environment over period of time. The objectives of environmental monitoring program are; • To verify the results of the impact assessment study in particular with regard to new development; • To follow the trend of parameters which have been identified as critical; • To check or assess the efficiency of the pollution control measures; • To ensure that new parameters, other than those identified in the impact assessment study, do not become critical through the commissioning of new installations; • To check assumption made with regard to the development and to detect deviations in order to initiate necessary measures; and • To establish a database for future Impact Assessment Studies for new projects.
6.2 MONITORING AND REPORTING PROCEDURE The attributes, which merit regular monitoring, are 1. Air quality both at source and ambient atmosphere, 2. Water and wastewater quality, 3. Noise levels, 4. Soil quality, 5. Greenbelt development,
• Air quality both at source and ambient atmosphere; Dream City will sell plots to developers with development rights and there will be no major air pollution from the project except individual DG sets which will be for emergency purpose. • Water and wastewater quality; Water requirement for the Dream city will be sourced from the surface water supplied by SMC water supply system and generated waste water from the project will be sent to SMC STP by wastewater supply network. So, no monitoring is required for waste water. • Occupational Health & safety; Occupational health and safety measures for the workers or staff during construction and operation phase will be ensured as per GFR by individual developers, as per applicable.
Monitoring is as important as to control the pollution since the efficiency of control measures can only be determined by monitoring. Proposed environment monitoring plan is as given in Table 6.1.
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Table 0-1 Environmental Monitoring Program & Budget for Implementation Total Monitoring Parameters/ Work shall be Attribute Aspect Locations Budget Frequency Records assigned to (INR)1
Air Ambient Air Minimum 2 -- PM2.5,PM10, SO2, NABL/ MoEF 4500/station Quality location within the NOx &CC accredited Monitoring premises lab Water Fresh water Fresh water pump Periodically to Parameters NABL/ MoEF 4000 for 25 consumption & and treated water monitor water specified in IS: &CC accredited parameters / treated water for for reuse from STP usage & to 10500 lab sample reuse monitor STP load Noise Ambient noise Noisy location Twice in a year Ambient Noise NABL/ MoEF 200/ monitoring within the Dream Standards &CC accredited location City lab Soil Soil quality One inside Once in a year- General NABL/ MoEF 3500/ premises and one post monsoon parameters as &CC accredited sample outside premises considered in lab baseline (EC, pH, ESP,OC, Available P & Available K) Ecology Greenbelt -- Periodic Survival rate and Maintenance -- biodiversity growth department
Waste water generated from the Dream City will be treated in SMC STP.
6.3 LABORATORY FACILITY Proposed project is the area development project, so company may outsource for evaluation of the environmental characteristics through experts / laboratory by monitoring.
1The cost is for parameters mentioned in column 5 of Table. M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. 6-2
CHAPTER – 7
ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 7.1.1 INTRODUCTION Hazard analysis involves the identification and quantification of the various hazards (unsafe conditions) that exist in the proposed project. On the other hand, risk analysis deals with the recognition and computation of risks, the equipment in the project site and occupants are prone to, due to accidents resulting from the hazards present in the project site. Risk analysis follows an extensive hazard analysis. It involves the identification and assessment of risks the neighboring populations are exposed to as a result of hazards present. This requires a thorough knowledge of failure probability, credible accident scenario, vulnerability of population etc. Much of this information is difficult to get or generate. Consequently, the risk analysis is often confined to maximum credible accident studies. In the sections below, the identification of various hazards, probable risks in the proposed project are addressed which gives a broad identification of risks involved in the project.
7.1.2 APPROACH TO THE STUDY Risk involves the occurrence or potential occurrence of some accidents consisting of an event or sequence of events. The risk assessment study covers the following: • Identification of potential hazard areas; • Identification of representative failure cases; • Visualization of the resulting scenarios in terms of fire (thermal radiation); • Assess the overall damage potential of the identified hazardous events and the impact zones from the accidental scenarios; • Assess the overall suitability of the site from hazard minimization and disaster mitigation point of view. • Furnish specific recommendations on the minimization of the worst accident possibilities; and • Preparation of broad Disaster Management Plan (DMP), which includes Occupational and Health Safety Plan.
7.1.3 HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION 7.1.3.1 METHODOLOGY An assessment of the conceptual design is conducted for the purpose of identifying and examining hazards related to materials, major Activities, utility and support systems, environmental factors, proposed operations, facilities, and safeguards.
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7.1.3.2 PRELIMINARY HAZARD ANALYSIS (PHA) A preliminary hazard analysis is carried out initially to identify the major hazards associated with storage of fuels. This is followed by consequence analysis to quantify these hazards. Finally, the vulnerable zones are plotted for which risk reducing measures are deduced and implemented. Preliminary hazard analysis for fuel/ material storage area and whole project is given in Table-7.1.
Table-7.1 Preliminary Hazard Analysis for the Whole Plant in General PHA Category Description of Plausible Hazard Recommendation Environmental If there is any short circuit and Installation of fire proof electrical fittings. factors eventuality of source of ignition. Environmental Highly inflammable nature of fuel may The area will be no smoking zone. factors cause fire hazard in the facility. A well designed fire protection including
foam, dry powder, and CO2 extinguisher will be provided.
7.1.3.3 FIRE EXPLOSION AND TOXICITY INDEX (FE&TI) APPROACH Fire, Explosion and Toxicity Indexing (FE & TI) is a rapid ranking method for identifying the degree of hazard. The application of FE & TI would help to make a quick assessment of the nature and quantification of the hazard in these areas. However, this does not provide precise information. The degree of hazard potential is identified based on the numerical value of F&EI as per the criteria given below: F&EI Range Degree of Hazard 0-60 Light 61-96 Moderate 97-127 Intermediate 128-158 Heavy 159-up Severe
By comparing the indices F&EI and TI, the unit in question is classified into one of the following three categories established for the purpose (Table-7.2). Table-7.2 Fire Explosion and Toxicity Index Category Fire and Explosion Index (F&EI) Toxicity Index (TI) I F&EI < 65 TI < 6 II 65 < or = F&EI < 95 6 < or = TI < 10 III F&EI > or = 95 TI > or = 10 Certain basic minimum preventive and protective measures are recommended for the three hazard categories.
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7.1.4 CONTROL MEASURES Risk Reduction Measures Risk is defined as the consequences arising out of an unwanted event in relation to the probability that such consequences might in fact occur. Risk reduction thus comprises of two basic steps: • Reduction of consequences of accidental release • Reduction of likelihood of an accidental release • Reduction in Consequences
Safety Management System (SMS) The failure probabilities largely depend upon how effectively Safety is being managed. This in turn necessitates formal documented Safety Management System (SMS), one that is effective. The features of a Safety Management System are described below.
Analysis of accidents and disasters has clearly shown that these are not simply a consequence of direct technical failure or operator tasks carried out incorrectly. The underlying causes may be deeply routed in management aspects of the organization. In some cases, the incidents could have been prevented with a formal Safety Management System (SMS). In other situations, a safety management system was in place, but did not prevent the occurrence of the incident. This suggests the need for a wider application of “best practice” safety management system. Moreover, it raises the question of the quality of such systems. Safety, Health and Environment (SHE) should be a function reporting at the highest management level. There is nothing unusual about this suggestion since such is the practice followed by renowned multi-nationals. SHE management comprises of a number of elements. For the sake of completeness, as an example, the contents of the SHE programme covered in the current practice are given below: i. Management leadership, commitment and accountability ii. Risk Analysis, Assessment and Management iii. Facilities design and construction iv. Process and facilities information and documentation v. Personnel safety vi. Health vii. Personnel viii. Training ix. Inspection and Maintenance x. Reliability and Control of defeat of critical systems & devices xi. Regulatory compliance xii. Product stewardship xiii. Management of change xiv. Third party services
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xv. Incident reporting, analysis and follow-up xvi. Emergency preparedness xvii. Community awareness xviii. Operations integrity assessment and improvement
These elements cannot be used as such. They need to be converted into workable procedures. The elements listed above for illustration, embrace over 100 distinct requirements with corporate guideline for each. These system and procedures should detail at least the following: • Objectives and scope • Tools and procedures • Resources and responsibilities • Plans and measurement • System of monitoring and control (Audit procedures)
Mock Drill Exercises Mock drill should be conducted once in a year. Exercises or Drills have two basic functions, namely training and testing. While exercises do provide an effective means of training in response procedures, their primary purpose is to test the adequacy of the emergency management system and to ensure that all response elements are fully capable of managing an emergency situation. Mock drills are best means of accomplishing the following goals and objectives: 1. To reveal weaknesses in the plans and procedures before emergencies occur. 2. To identify deficiencies in resources (both in manpower & equipment). 3. To improve the level of co-ordination among various response personnel, departments and agencies. 4. To clarify each individual’s role and areas of responsibility.
7.2 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN Risk assessment study includes study of nature of hazards due to the proposed activities including use of combustible fuels storage and handling. The study includes: • Identification of hazards. • Identification of accident sequences and consequences • Study of onsite and offsite population characteristics. • Study of characteristics of risk levels through study of nature of exposure, pathways and consequences of maximum credible accidental scenarios and presentation of results in terms of risk contours. • For developing an “On-site” and “Off-site” Emergency Management Plan incorporating measures of safety prevention, mitigation and control of Hazardous events.
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Hazard identification provides information on onsite hazardous substances, their nature, quantities and details of storage. Preliminary hazard Identification is used to identify typical and often relatively apparent risk sources and damage events in a system. As each hazard is identified, the potential causes, effects and severity of accidents and possible corrective and / or preventive measures are also listed. Hazards of significant nature whose consequences potential is of worth consideration and where in a specified area or where more number of personnel likely to be present etc., are considered in identifying the hazards. • Fire hazard
7.2.1 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN FOR FIRE AND PERSONNEL INJURY The emergencies include fire, earth quick and personnel injury. Following are suggested to handle emergencies: In the proposed project, diesel shall be used for backup power by DG sets which has in built storage tank, which may catch fire for which risk assessment has been done. Post emergency preparedness plan along with safety measures has been suggested. In the proposed project, following are the chemicals/material used: a) Diesel b) Furnishing Material
7.2.1.1 SAFETY IN STORAGE OF MATERIALS, PRODUCTS & WASTES 7.2.1.1.1 HIGH SPEED DIESEL Name: Common Name : Diesel Chemical Name : Diesel Physical characteristics: Type : Liquid Colour : Colourless Odour : Organic Odour Chemical Characteristics: Reaction with Fire : Inflammable Reaction with water : Suspended in water Reaction with Air : Inert in absence of flame Storage / Packing : It is stored in MS Tanks
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7.2.1.2 DIESEL STORAGE Diesel will be stored in the inbuilt storage tanks provided with the DG enclosures. Flame proof switches and lights will be used in the DG housing. It will be a smoking prohibition area.
7.2.1.3 FURNISHING MATERIAL Common Name : Wood, mattresses, cloth Physical characteristics: Type : Solid Chemical Characteristics: • Reaction with Fire: It catches fire • Reaction with Water: It will absorb water and become wet. • Reaction with Air: It can be air borne (if fine particle)
7.2.1.4 REMEDIAL MEASURES a. Diesel • The diesel will be stored within the inbuilt fuel storage tank provided with the acoustic enclosure. • To avoid any fire no smoking or lighting of matchstick will be allowed near the DG room. • The manpower will be trained for taking precaution to avoid the fire.
• In case of fire, it can be controlled within that area by spraying water and CO2 gas. b. Furnishing Material: • The manpower will be trained to handle the material. • In case of any contact with water, it will be segregated at source.
7.2.1.5 COMMUNICATION In case normal communication lines are disrupted due to any disaster, mobile phones shall be used for communication with fire service station, police etc. The important telephone numbers will be at made available at all public offices: Police station : 100 Hospital : 108 Fire Station : 2439296 Ambulance Services SMC : 2414139 /95 /96
In addition to this, an internal firefighting station will be established inside the project area. For proposed project, No Objection Certificate (NOC) will be obtained from the Chief Fire Officer, Surat Municipal Corporation.
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7.2.1.6 CHAIN OF COMMAND To avoid any confusion in case of any emergency, following shall be the chain of command:
OFFICIALS OF THE RESIDENT WELFARE COMMITTEE
SECURITY INCHARGE
ALL SERVICE ATTENDENTS
7.2.2 FIRE & LINE SAFETY Hazard classification as per the NBC-2005, Part IV-Fire & Life Safety:
• Group E, sub division E-1 (Business Buildings-Offices): Buildings above 30 m in height.
All the buildings will be designed as per N.B.C. of India pertaining to fire hazards. All necessary measures such as terrace water tanks, underground static water tank, automatic sprinklers, hose reels, yard hydrant and fire extinguishers will be provided as per the NBC code for different types of buildings.
The firefighting arrangements will be provided as per the nature of the building as per the NBC norms.
Further, the exact location of firefighting equipments will be finalized during the detailed engineering stage as per the existing prevailing norms of Fire Fighting Department. The following facilities will be provided as per the NBC • Hose reel • Wet raiser • Yard hydrant • Automatic sprinkler system • Automatic fire detection and alarm system • Extinguishers, etc. Provision for the all facilities required to cope-up with fire and safety shall be provided in DREAM City. Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) will be provided to the construction workers by the individual developers.
7.2.3 FLOOD HAZARD The project is about 6 Km from the Tapti River, around 4.5 km from Mindhola River and around 1.8 from Koyli Creek.
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However, the following will be adopted for flood control measures: • Proper arrangements of pumps for dewatering of accumulated rain/flood water will be there. • The plinth level will be planned adequately higher than the ground level and a damp proof layer will be laid at the plinth level in all the walls. • Foundation design will take care of horizontal and vertical forces. • Top of the parapet will be plastered using water proofing material. • Electrical switches, equipment will be planned to be suitably placed above the plinth level. • The choice of appropriate construction materials and technologies will be related to the availability of skills and materials in a particular region. • A suitable storm drainage canal (designed for peak intensity of rain), permeable pavement, seepage pit, etc will be constructed. • For effective functioning, pre-monsoon and post-monsoon checks of the drainage structures will be undertaken at fairly senior level and special repairs will be carried out before the onset of monsoon besides routine maintenance works. • The proposed site is around 1.7 km from SH-168. • The project has planned storm water layout in regards to the peak intensity of the rainfall.
7.3 RESETTLEMENT AND REHABILITATION Resettlement and Rehabilitation process is not involve in this project but some private patches are fall within the dream city which is in under possession by Government of Gujarat. In the form of compensation to these private patches, land may be given in Dream city which will be finalized by town planning of KHUDA (Khajod Urban Development Authority) for these patches.
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CHAPTER – 8
ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ASSESSMENT, REMEDIATION PLAN, NATURAL AND COMMUNITY RESOURCE AUGMENTATION PLAN
8.1 JUSTIFICATION FOR VIOLATION
The Government of Gujarat has initiated realization of a Smart City project named Diamond Research and Mercantile (DREAM) City in Surat. This Smart City is projected on a 681 hectare site in the southern part of Surat, at village of Khajod, adjacent to the Outer Ring Road and close to the Dumas Airport. Khajod Urban Development Authority was constituted in 2016 to act as a relevant authority. Special Purpose Vehicle, DREAM City Limited has been formed and registered in July, 2015 for the implementation of the project. Khajod. The GIDB has been appointed as the nodal agency for preparing the Master Plan of the project area.
The Government of Gujarat by its revenue department resolution has allotted Land to DREAM city LTD. for the project. The site is mainly in possession of Gujarat Government; parcels of land are in private hands.
DREAM city does not have any intension of violating any regulation applicable to the project, no work of development was started by DREAM city at the site. However, Surat Diamond Bourse (SDB) was granted development rights on one of the plot in the DREAM city and started the construction work. SDB is applying individually for environment clearances process.
Being a facilitator, who has allotted development rights to SDB, it is necessary for DREAM city to take up primary infrastructure development activities like strengthening of the kaccha road, providing water supply and drainage facility. This DREAM city project is being developed by the Government of Gujarat in the same way as the GIFT (Gujarat International Finance Tech) city where all the permissions are obtained by GIFT city and developers are only given the rights of development.
No development work of permanent nature has been carried out by the proponent. The proponent has not commenced any development work as per the proposed development plan and there was no intension of starting any development work without obtaining EC. The temporary/ad hoc work carried out was to provide access to the interior and inaccessible areas of the project site for basic surveying and ancillary activities. It was an absolutely unintentional violation of EIA notification.
As this, project is of a common good purpose and no individual person or entity is receiving and financial gain, no deliberate breach of any regulation was ever intended.
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8.1.1 ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ASSESSMENT
M/s. Diamond Research and Mercantile (DREAM) City Limited is planned and realization of Smart City project in Surat to set up the Area Development called as “DREAM City” at Block No. 177 & Others, Moje: Khajod, Taluka: Surat City, District: Surat, State: Gujarat-395007. It is situated at 21° 6'20.14"N latitude and 72°47'28.86"E longitude. The proposed DREAM City is going to be developed at Block no. 177 & Others (List of others are given in Annexure-4), Khajod, Surat, Gujarat. Total 681 hectares area (Out of 681 ha. of total land, 561.98 ha. is allotted and remaining 119 ha. under possession) is planned for the area development. Following facilities are proposed for DREAM City.
DREAM City is going to come in South West direction of Surat City near to Khajod village bordering to the 2 x 2 lane Outer Ring Road. The project area is sheltered from coastal flooding by high grounds adjacent to the southern border. The site is flat with elevations ranging between and 2.0 and 6.6 m above Mean Sea Level (MSL). The outer ring road is elevated to MSL around 8.5 m. It forms the physical northern limit of the project area over a length of some 1.2 km. the eastern limit of the priect area liers adjacent to the Mindhola River Creek. The present landscape is a merely derelict area without any large trees and hardly any buildings or other elements. The site is mainly in possession of Gujarat Government; some parcels of land are in private hands which are under process for possession.
Present status of the project includes the strengthening of 12 mt and 24 mt roads as basic infrastructure & amenities development, which in percentage of total project construction work is merely less than 0.01% and the cost consideration is very small approx. about 17 Cr. with respect to the total project cost. The chronology of the project and the actual aspects are as listed in following table;
Table- 8.1 Chronology for Project
Activity Timeline Land allotment to DREAM City with by 29.05.2015 Government of Gujarat on 99 years lease Fresh EC Application for TOR to SEAC 12.04.2018 Construction Activity Started on 05.10.2017 12 mt wide road strengthening from 05.10.2017 to 08.01.2018 Period of Violation 24 mt wide road from 02.11.2017 to 01.03.2018. Construction work was initiated for basic amenities and Present Status now it is stopped. Court Case None
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The project activities have been confined within the project in the site only and the likely impacts onland- use, commercial facilities and open space is very meagre.
The project activities have not affected surroundings & any significant land disturbance resulting in soil erosion, subsidence and instability. The site land is government waste land and not susceptible to erosion. The land is located at 12km distance from the sea. This construction project is being developed on a vacant land so no demolition work was carried out. Land/soil environment was temporarily affected due to activities like site preparation, excavation, material handling & storage etc. during construction phase. The land is sloping towards the sea side i.e. south west direction with the natural gradient so the chances of water logging in project site are very less and only seasonal.
The project is not likely to alter or obstruct any natural drainage courses. The revenue map represents no existence of natural drains within the project site area. Hence the project does not involve alteration of natural drainage systems. The drains available nearby the project site will be retained in undisturbed state during construction activity and accordingly the development of project will be considered. During construction stage, proper drainage systems will be provided within the project site to deal with the storm water during monsoon season. As a result of excavation of topsoil during construction phase, the impact on drainage pattern, and run off characteristics will be restricted to the small area and is contained by providing barricades and bunds. Proper rain water drainage facility has been provided and the run-off generated has been diverted to the natural drains for preventing the area from water logging.
The manpower requirement is fulfilled by hiring the construction labours from the nearby vicinity and or as per the contractor’s requirements. To accommodate them, labour colony will be developed within the project area. There are approx. 200 people worked for the road strengthening work and hence they worked on daily basis, colony and facility provision does not become a factor of consideration. The attributes for environment damages are electricity consumption, water consumption, waste generation and waste water generation. Presently due to the activity, approx. Total water consumed was about 2556 KL and domestic waste water generated 2045KL, which is routed through the sewer network of SMC and sent to STP of 25 MLD capacity at Khajod site for further treatment. Further, the treated water from SMC STP is disposed to Kankra Khadi of Mindhola tributary.
There is no significant disturbance to the local ecology as the land was open government waste land. Trees present within DREAM City boundary will be retained in their natural state and in case of extreme relocation requirement they may be transplanted within the project location only. For transplanted trees, alternatively 10 tree species for 1 tree transplanted will be planted within the project area and also in surrounding villages. Total green area development will be done on 11,81,174sq.mt. The indigenous / local plants will be planted all around the periphery of the project area and along the roadside & lawn as per CPCB guideline for greenbelt development.
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Approach road strengthening work was started and completed 12 mt wide road and 24 mt wide road work. The waste generated during road construction activities was limited to that area only and same is being utilized within road construction. Conclusively, it can be stated that impacts may be confined to small area and for short duration. Mitigation plan suggests control wastage of water; maximum re-use of construction waste may reduce the impact significantly.
Small quantity of fugitive emission is envisaged during transport and handling activities during road construction. Such emission will be temporary and controlled at the site level. The machinery which used were of high standard. These itself take care of noise pollution control / vibration control and air emission control. Hence insignificant impacts due to construction machinery are envisaged.
Thus, no major damage to the surrounding environment envisaged from this project.
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The collection and analysis of data with respect to air, water, land, noise and other environmental attributes was carried out by NABL accredited laboratory and details are presented in Chapter-3 of this report. Assessment of environmental damage with respect to air, water, noise, soil/land, flora & fauna, and other environmental attributes due to construction activity start-upare presented below; while SDB Diamond Bourse is come within Dream City and its damage is not assessed at here as its different application for obtaining Environment Clearance is going on.
Table- 8.2 Assessment of Environmental Damage and Remediation and EMP suggested
Environmental Remediation / EMP Proposed by Estimated Cost of Sr. Parameter / Activities Damage Remediation / EMP Suggested the Proponent Damage / No. Attribute Remediation 1 Water Surface and / ground Fresh water quantity Rain water harvesting / conservation The rain water harvesting facility The cost for RWH Consumption water consumed is reduction for the shall be ensured for project site to an for project site is proposed to be facilitate project site is around 14.2 KLD and competent users. extent for recharging the maximum installed for utilizing maximum rain considered under total 2556 KL water rain water and to optimise the fresh water. budgetary allocation. consumed. water consumption. Rs. 3 Lakh towards Rain water harvesting units at RWH facility selective locations shall be developed. development.
2 Waste water Domestic waste water Total approx. 2045 KL No waste water shall be discharged in Domestic waste water 2045 KL was Rs. 12 Lakh towards Generation generation is 11.36 water decreased to surroundings. routed through pipeline to SMC infrastructure facility KLD and total approx. discharge from the Infrastructure facility development for sewage pumping station and is sent of drain network for 2045 KL waste water competent users. domestic waste water drain network to SMC STP of 25 MLD capacity at transferring domestic generated. in nearby villages to transfer the waste Khajod for further treatment. waste water from water to STP shall be checked and Infrastructure facility development Khajod village to installed. for domestic waste water drain SMC STP. network in nearby villages to The cost for STP & transfer the waste water to STP shall Operation and be checked and installed. Maintenance is During operation phase STP of 30 considered under MLD is proposed for treating the budgetary allocation water and will be totally reused for for setting up of STP. domestic purpose within the project site. 3 Air Pollution Site preparation and Site cleaning and Health check-up camp shall be Health check-up camp for Rs. 0.5 Lakh towards cleaning activity. excavation results into organized for community nearby the community will be organized and health check-up. Ambient air pollution increase in PM, SOx, project site. for construction workers regular Rs. 0.5 Lakh for due to vehicular NOx and CO levels with Covered vehicles to transport goods health check-up will be ensured. ensuring covered movement for road temporary, localised and and materials. Construction material movement is vehicles for material construction work, minimal effect on Ensuring only PUC certified vehicles ensured with covered vehicles. movement. M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. . 8-5
Environmental Remediation / EMP Proposed by Estimated Cost of Sr. Parameter / Activities Damage Remediation / EMP Suggested the Proponent Damage / No. Attribute Remediation transportation and environmental attributes. are allowed to work at the site. PUC certificate of vehicles are The cost for handling of material, Ambient air quality monitoring on a checked and ensured. environment quality etc. regular basis to enable identifying Air quality monitoring is conducted monitoring, green belt Total diesel consumed incremental pollution load. as given in Chapter-3 and will be development and approx. 900 Litres for Green belt or tree plantation for conducted post completion of the landscaping, landscape machineries, equipment preventing the dust within the project project. maintenance are and vehicles. site only. Green belt development is initiated considered under Total trips for from the construction phase. budgetary allocation. construction material movement approx..100 nos. 4 Noise and Noise generation from Insignificant increase in Personnel Protecting Equipment PPEs are provided to all the workers Rs. 0.5 Lakh towards Vibration transporting vehicles, surrounding noise level (PPE) like ear muff, ear plug, etc. and ensured the same during specific PPE provision construction equipment with temporary and shall be provided to workers. construction activity. for controlling noise and machine, crane etc. minimal impact. Machinery shall be maintained in Green belt development is initiated and vibration. good condition. from the construction phase. Green belt or tree plantation for containing the noise within the project site only. 5 Soil / Land Road strengthening Existing road ------work performed. strengthened, thus caused minimal and temporary effect. 6 Waste Construction waste Contamination to the Construction waste shall be utilized Construction waste generated is -- Generation generation land area. within the road construction activity. utilized within the construction But have temporary and activity only. minimal impact. 7 Socio Construction activities Dust generation due to Water sprinkling should be done to Water sprinkling activity is being Considered under Economic construction activities suppress dust emission and PUC implemented to suppress dust budgetary allocation. and pollution generation holding vehicular should be allowed. emission and PUC holding due to vehicular Health check up camps for workers vehicular being utilized. movement which can be and community. impact on the health of nearby community 200 labour were -- Maximum level local employment 90% of total Gujarati workers are Rs. 5 lakhs will be engaged from which shall be given to locals for skilled or from Surat region only contributed for 90% are from Gujarat unskilled workers. improving State and from them all /establishing of social M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. . 8-6
Environmental Remediation / EMP Proposed by Estimated Cost of Sr. Parameter / Activities Damage Remediation / EMP Suggested the Proponent Damage / No. Attribute Remediation are from Surat region. infrastructure. 9 Eco-biology Existing road is -- Developing a greenbelt for recreating Green belt area within the project The cost for green belt strengthened. Thus the natural environment for areas including sports area, Surat and landscaping of the have no impact on flora environment. Park, etc. will be developed in project is considered and fauna. addition to the statutory under budgetary requirements; Total green area allocation. development will be done on 11,81,174 sq. mt.. The indigenous / local plants will be planted all around the periphery of the project area and along the roadside & lawn as per CPCB guideline for greenbelt development.
10 Occupational Construction activities -- Provide safety equipment, drinking All the basic facilities and amenities The cost for this Health water, WCs to the workers. for the workers such as PPEs, safety considered under equipment, drinking water, WCs are budgetary allocation. provided.
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8.2 REMEDIATION PLAN
The details of remediation plan / environment management plan as per damage assessment for various environmental attributes are suggested and recommended in Table-8.2. It shows that the major remediation measures costs are already considered under budgetary allocation for the project.
Capital investment allocated towards the environmental protection, control & mitigation measures is about Rs. 2158.26 Cr. for project. The project proponent will keep provision for adequate funds aside to meet with regular operational expenses for the environmental control measures about Rs. 755.39 Cr. The break-up of capital cost and recurring cost for environmental management for the proposed project is given in following table;
Table-8.3 Budgetary Allocation for EMP during Operation
Sr. EMP Aspect Cost in INR (Cr) No. Capital Investment 1 Land Development 1052.01 2 Earthwork 192.87 3 Road Network 301.87 4 Water Supply & Distribution 126.55 5 Sewerage Network 163.03 6 Storm Water Drainage 113.20 7 Solid Waste Management 27.58 8 Landscaping & Signage 14.02 9 Public Facility Buildings 56.60 10 Flood Protection Measures 110.51 Total Capital Investment 2158.26 Operation Investment 11 STP Operation & Maintenance, EMP Cell, Environment Monitoring 755.39 Total 2913.65
The total fund already allocated is INR 2913.65 Cr. towards remediation and environment management.
8.3 NATURAL AND COMMUNITY RESOURCE AUGMENTATION PLAN
The augmentation plan covers numerous areas of nature and will be in combination with the damage assessment as stated earlier.
Grouping the activities for the augmentation plan can be broadly categories as under: • Natural Resource Augmentation Plan • Community Augmentation Plan
Natural and community resource augmentation plan with allocated budgetary details are described in detail as below:
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Table-8.4 The natural and Community Resource Augmentation Plan with Budgetary Allocation
Sr. Budgetary Allocation in Activity No. Rs. (Lakh) 1 Natural Resource Augmentation 1.1 Rainwater recharging facilities 3 1.2 Covered vehicle for material movement 0.5 Total - 1 3.5 2 Community Augmentation 2.1 Infrastructure facility for drainage network development 12 2.2 Health check up 0.5 2.3 Specific PPE provision for controlling noise and vibration 0.5 2.4 Improving /establishing social infrastructure 5 Total - 2 18 Grand Total (1+2) 21.5
8.4 ECONOMIC BENEFIT DUE TO VIOLATION ACTIVITY Looking to the activity carried out by the proponent, only foundation work is commenced and is completed only 0.01% of the total construction works only. Since no construction work is commenced except foundation work till date, no economic benefit has gained to the project proponent.
8.5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Almost no/ negligible ecological or environmental damage occurred due to fact that only area development work was carried out. The summary of budgetary allocation with respect to violation activity and remediation/ EMP measures suggested/recommended, natural and community resource augmentation plan aspects is stated below:
Table –8.5 Summary of Budgetary Allocation with Respect to Violation Activity and Remediation Sr. Budgetary Allocation Activity No. in INR (Cr) 1 Natural Resource Augmentation 3.5 2 Community Augmentation 18 Cost towards damage assessment & remediation plan 21.5
8.6 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE OF PLANNED ACTIVITIES AND RELATED BANK GUARANTEE
The proposed activities under the remediation/ EMP measures suggested/recommended, natural and community resource augmentation plan aspects will be implemented in aphased manner.
It may be noted that the project proponent will also give a bank guarantee equivalent to the amount of remediation plan, natural and community resource augmentation plan i.e. Rs. 21.5 Lakh to Gujarat Pollution Control Board (GPCB) which could be returned on completion of the above stated plan.
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CHAPTER – 9
PROJECT BENEFITS
9.1 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE Surat is known as the “Diamond City” because of its position as the nation's leading diamond exporter. A demographically diverse city, Surat is a major economic hub and the fastest growing major metropolis in India. The beneficial impact of the proposed project on the civic amenities will be substantial after the commencement of project activities. Study area comes within SMC or SUDA and some in near to that, so all basic amenities are provided, like roads, drinking water supply, healthcare facilities, drainage system, power supply, transportation, etc.
Physical infrastructure includes the necessary infrastructural & technological facilities available in the locality for ease of the project operation. Moreover, due Dream City project, many infrastructures will be developed or improved.
9.2 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE Due to proposed project activity, social Infrastructure will be improved by means of civilization, standard of living, education, and basic amenities.
Better education facilities, proper health care, road infrastructure and drinking water facilities are basic social amenities for better working standard of human beings. Proposed project will further increase the above amenities directly/indirectly either by providing or by improving the existing facilities in the area, which will help in uplifting the living standards of local communities. Due to this project development adaptation of new technologies and other infrastructural facilities will improve which will indirectly boost the civilization of the surrounding people.
Implementation of Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) activities is a very challenging task which M/s. Diamond Research And Mercantile (Dream) City Limited is interested to take up with consistency and determination. Dream City plans the implementation of chosen initiatives and follows through with commitment across the organization to make this happen and ensures that implementation will be successful, with resources, milestones, measurement, and accountability. The Dream City intends to undertake CER activities in and around their project. A total amount of Rs. 50 Crores would be utilized for CER programme for five years. Total estimated project cost is around Rs. 29,981 Crores.
Activities with its estimated cost are given in table-9.1 for benefitting the society at large and the local rural community.
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Table 9.1 Proposed CER Activities Total (Rs. In No. Activities Crore) 1 Development of Roads 30 2 Development of Solid Waste Management 5 3 Development of landscaping & signage 3 4 Flood protection measures 12 Total 50
9.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL The project will create opportunities for direct and indirect employment for which skilled and unskilled manpower will be needed. Secondary jobs are day-to-day needs and services to the work force. This will also temporarily increase the demand for essential daily utilities in the local market.
The proposed project will create direct employment for diamond polishing workers, different technical staffs, marketing, HR, admin, etc and for other commercial units manpower. While non skilled workers will get employment through this project like for peon, security, driver, etc. Moreover, many business opportunities will be generated.
9.4 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS
Employment & trade opportunities will be generated due to construction activities also. Thus, these considerable employment & trade opportunities will eventually result in appreciable economic benefits to the local people & businesses/contractors.
• EMPLOYMENT
Enhances local employment opportunities thereby encouraging local talent and in turn improves the local economy.
• RECYCLING PROCESS
Wastewater from the proposed project will be treated and reused for flushing, landscaping and domestic purpose by adopting better treatment. STP sludge will be reused as manure for landscaping.
• RAIN WATER HARVESTING
The project will have rain water collection and reuse system in place to provide supplemental water for their requirements, to increase reuse / recycling and conserve ground water table levels.
• GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT
Dream City is committed to deliver environmental-friendly facilities and buildings. Project also proposed to have well planned landscape within the Dream City as per master plan, which will enhance the beauty and aesthetics of the project area. M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. 9- 2
• USE OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES
Project will have provision to use renewable sources of energy like solar street lights, etc, which will conserve the energy and reduces electricity load.
• ROAD & DRAINAGE
Dream city is having well planned master plan to develop roads and transportation facilities as well as internal drainage system that will reduce management and maintenance cost in operation.
• SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT
The project will have a well-planned STP facility with advanced technologies which improves the sanitation facilities and reduces the load on fresh water requirement. • EDUCATION
Dream city is having separate sector for institutions which will improve education system of the area. Moreover, because of this project, many scope for employment or business will generate so education level will get improved of the area.
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CHAPTER – 10
ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
10.1 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS Environmental cost benefit analysis was not recommended at the scoping stage. Project benefits have been discussed in Chapter-5 Analysis of Alternatives and Chapter-9 Project Benefits.
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CHAPTER – 11
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
11.1 INTRODUCTION To formulate and monitor Environmental Protection measures during and after commissioning of project, preparation of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is required.
11.1.1 OBJECTIVES OF EMP • To limit/reduce the degree, extent, magnitude or duration of adverse impacts.
• To create good working conditions.
• To reduce any risk hazards and design the disaster management plan.
• Incorporating monitoring plans for checking activities and environmental parameters and monitoring responsibilities.
• Implementation of the scheduled plan.
The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is aimed at mitigating the possible adverse impacts of a project and ensuring the existing environmental quality. The EMP converse all aspects of planning, construction and operation of the project relevant to the environment. It is essential to implement the EMP right from the planning stage continuing throughout the construction and operation stage. Therefore the main purpose of the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is to identify the project specific activities that would have to be considered for significant adverse impacts and the mitigation measures required.
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11.2 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
The EMP for the proposed area development project has been prepared for the various environmental attributes like Air, Water, Land, Solid/hazardous waste, Soil, Noise, ecology, socio economic etc. and the same is given in subsequent sections here below:
11.2.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT
Objective To avoid changes in LU/ LC of site and impacts on sensitive receptors Concern Change in land use pattern and effect of pollution on sensitive receptor of study area Benefits of EMP Minimum changes on LU/LC of site and no impact on sensitive receptors
Impacting Implementation and Management Mitigation Measures and Rationale Remarks Activities Location Timing Responsibility Monitoring Records Construction Phase Vehicle movement Roads shall be developed. Along the vehicle At all time Contractor Checks by PUC - for transportation Covering of trucks shall be ensured. movement track security staff certificate of materials and at entry gate equipment Civil Construction Construction activity will help in Within premises Once Contractor Regular Maintain - Site preparation- fixation of soil, which will ultimately monitoring record of excavation, reduce soil erosion. within construction construction, Leveling is done in such a way that project site material storage of overall slope of site follows natural received. construction runoff pattern. material
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Impacting Implementation and Management Mitigation Measures and Rationale Remarks Activities Location Timing Responsibility Monitoring Records Construction waste Proper dumping and leveling of Approved Once Contractor - Construction - material disposal construction waste shall be ensured. disposal site waste disposal records Operation Phase Construction and Entire Dream City will be developed Within At all time Planning & All Drawings - development of with well planned manner and having Development development Dream City all infrastructural facilities. shall be adhering to as per master plan. Dumping of Municipal solid waste collection and Disposal site Minimum EHS Monthly - - municipal solid disposal management will be done by once in a monitoring Waste, e-waste, Dream city in systematic manner. month plastic waste and Considering biodegradable and non- biomedical waste biodegradable waste. on land. Plastic waste, e-waste, biomedical waste will be sent to authorized re- processors/disposer.
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11.2.2 SOIL ENVIRONMENT Open land is either paved properly or covered with greenbelt to reduce soil erosion. Objective To reduce soil pollution Concern Domestic waste water disposal; solid waste management; pollution to soil Benefits of EMP No impact on soil
Mitigation Measures and Implementation and Management Impacting Activities Remarks Rationale Location Timing Responsibility Monitoring Records Construction Phase Disposal of construction Excavated soil will be reused as At the site All times Contractor - Records of - waste and excavated far as possible. trucks soil. Construction waste will be transporting disposed properly. soil/ waste Spillage of paint may Use tarpaulin to avoid spillage on At the site All times Contractor - - - contaminate soil with land heavy metals Operation Phase Domestic wastewater Pucca drainage system shall be At the site All times Drainage Monitoring - -- generation, treatment made which won’t have seepage Department of drainage and disposal in soil system Generation, storage, Domestic waste shall be At the site All times MSW Periodic Quantity of -- handling and disposal of segregated at source into wet Department checking of waste domestic solid waste waste and dry waste & disposed waste generated accordingly. All waste will be segregation sent to authorized re- processors/disposer.
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11.2.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT Total water requirement will be met from the SMC water supply system. Objective To reduce water consumption and wastewater generation Concern Water treatment and reuse Benefits of EMP Control on water consumption and wastewater generation.
Mitigation Measures and Implementation and Management Impacting Activities Remarks Rationale Location Timing Responsibility Monitoring Records Construction Phase Water consumption, Wastage of water will be At the site At all time At all time Contractor Water - sewage generation minimized. consumption and disposal Sewage shall be taken to STP. records Operation Phase Usage of water Control on spillages. Reuse of At the site All times Maintenance Monitoring of water Water - wastewater. Use of rainwater to Department consumption consumption reduce fresh water consumption. records Cleaning and Inspection of the settling tanks shall be regularly maintained. Excess runoff shall be discharged in to external drain. Domestic Excess treated sewage from STP At the site All times Maintenance Water quality of Monitoring of - Wastewater shall be discharged into Municipal Department treated waste water. waste water generation, treatment Sewer Network after utilizing it for regeneration & and disposal flushing and landscaping purposes. reuse records.
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11.2.4 HYDRO GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Total water requirement will be met from the SMC water supply system. Objective To reduce ground water pollution Concern Pollution to ground water, Solid waste management Benefits of EMP Control on water consumption and wastewater generation.
Mitigation Measures and Implementation and Management Impacting Activities Remarks Rationale Location Timing Responsibility Monitoring Records Construction Phase Dewatering for Rainwater harvesting At the site All times Maintenance Monitoring -- -- construction work Department of water consumption Operation Phase Usage of water Use of rainwater to reduce fresh At the site All times Maintenance Monitoring -- -- water consumption Department of water consumption Generation and disposal Solid waste storage facility shall At the site All times Maintenance Period check - -- of solid waste be ensured to have impervious Department flooring to avoid leakage problem Plastic waste, e-waste, biomedical waste will be sent to authorized re-processors/disposer.
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11.2.5 NOISE LEVEL MONITORING & TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT Probable noise sources will be DG set as standby source of electricity hence noise will be minimal. Objective To reduce noise due to proposed project. To ensure smooth traffic within & outside. Concern Increase in noise level due to proposed project. Traffic jam and congestion outside and within site. Benefits of EMP Control over increase in noise in surrounding area. Smooth and congestion free operation
Mitigation Measures and Implementation and Management Impacting Activities Remarks Rationale Location Timing Responsibility Monitoring Records Construction Phase Noise generation due to Periodic maintenance and At the site During Civil Regular noise Records of -- use of heavy machinery servicing of mechanized construction Department level noise levels. in preparation of the site, equipment and vehicles used for period at monitoring. Equipment and excavation work, site clearing. various Random vehicle service vehicular movement, Maintain working time & use activity checks by records. fabrication works, filling appropriate PPE’s for workers. stage. site engineer. of foundation. Movement of vehicles Controlled vehicular movement Within and At all time Security & At all time Records of - with clearly demarcated entry/exit immediately stores vehicle no and & adequate supervision outside the site department type Segregation of vehicular and Within - - pedestrian area. Vehicle entry and exit scheduling Within and - - so that traffic congestion is not immediately created on nearby public road. outside the site Operation Phase
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Mitigation Measures and Implementation and Management Impacting Activities Remarks Rationale Location Timing Responsibility Monitoring Records D.G.Set Periodic checking and provision At site At all time Maintenance Periodic Records of -- of acoustic enclosures and Department monitoring of noise levels. Greenbelt development consisting noise levels Equipment and of noise pollution capturing vehicle service species records.
Movement of vehicles Controlled vehicular movement Within and At all time Security & At all time Records of - with clearly demarcated entry/exit immediately stores vehicle no and & adequate supervision outside the site department type Segregation of vehicular and Within - - pedestrian area. Vehicle entry and exit scheduling Within and - - so that traffic congestion is not immediately created on nearby public road outside the site
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11.2.6 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Objective To ensure health & Safety of workers within and surrounding vicinity, Reduction in air pollution, noise pollution, restoration of flora and fauna disturbed due to activates. Concern Restoration of Disturb flora and fauna Benefits of EMP Reservation of natural biodiversity of the area
Implementation and Management Impacting Activities Mitigation Measures and Rationale Remarks Location Timing Responsibility Monitoring Records Construction Phase Loss of existing flora in Existing trees (total approx. 50 others Within At all time Gardening ------Dream City area due to are shrubs) within Dream City shall be Department excavation of soil and transplanted to new location within construction. the Dream City and Development of green belt Penetration of stored During construction, the proponent Within At all time Contactor Regular -- -- residues, used oil in soil shall protect all areas susceptible to can cause adverse erosion by installing necessary impact on local flora & temporary and permanent drainage fauna in nearby vicinity. works as soon as possible and by taking any other measures necessary to prevent storm water from concentrating in streams and scouring slopes, banks, etc. Operation Phase
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Implementation and Management Impacting Activities Mitigation Measures and Rationale Remarks Location Timing Responsibility Monitoring Records Domestic Wastewater Pucca drainage system shall be made Within At all time Maintenance Regular -- -- generation, treatment which won’t have seepage in soil Department and disposal Excess treated sewage from STP shall Spillage of waste water be discharged into Municipal Sewer from STP may cause Network after utilizing it for flushing contaminate the soil. and landscaping purposes. Generation and disposal Solid waste storage facility shall be At the site All times Maintenance Period -- -- of solid waste ensured to have impervious flooring Department check to avoid leakage problem Plastic waste, e-waste, biomedical waste will be sent to authorized re- processors/disposer.
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11.2.7 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT Apart from manpower procurement CER will be carried out in the study area. Objective To ensure health & Safety of people within as well as in nearby vicinity air pollution, noise pollution, solid and hazardous waste handling. Improving socio-economic level of study area. Concern Health & Safety of community; socio-economic status of study area Benefits of EMP Protection of health of community and improvement in living standard of local community.
Mitigation Measures and Implementation and Management Impacting Activities Remarks Rationale Location Timing Responsibility Monitoring Records Construction Phase Vehicular movement Vehicles with PUC shall be Within At all time Security Only PUC PUC -- and Construction allowed to control flue gas holding Certificate activities emissions. vehicles shall be allowed Covering of trucks shall be Along the tack of At all time Contractor Regular Records of ensured to avoid fugitive transportation employment emissions. Water sprinkling to suppress dust. Temporary employment Local people will be given Within At all time Contractor Periodic Records of - will be generated due to preference thus improving socio- employment Civil Construction, economic level of study area. fabrication, painting etc Operation Phase
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Mitigation Measures and Implementation and Management Impacting Activities Remarks Rationale Location Timing Responsibility Monitoring Records Vehicular emissions will Vehicles with PUC shall be Within At all time Security Only PUC PUC -- affect the health of allowed to control flue gas holding Certificate drivers as well as people emissions. And plantation will be vehicles shall living near route of done to mitigate emission. be allowed transport. and plantation Employment Priority will be given to local Within At all time - - Recruitment - opportunity in offices people. document
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11.2.8 RISK & HAZARD AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY
Objective To ensure health & Safety of workers against air pollution, noise pollution, solid and hazardous waste handling, during construction work and occupants during operation. Concern Health & Safety of workers Benefits of EMP Protection of health of workers
Mitigation Measures and Implementation and Management Impacting Activities Remarks Rationale Location Timing Responsibility Monitoring Records Construction Phase Flue gas emission due Workers shall be given PPE’s Within At all time EHS & Periodic Records of - construction machinery, during various activities. Contractor injuries. DG operation; DG set is installed for emergency Records of Noise, accidental only with proper stack height to noise injuries, occupational have proper dispersion of monitoring. injuries due to pollutants. Records of construction activities; Sprinkling of water over ambient air Fugitive emission due to construction material to avoid quality construction material. fugitive emissions. monitoring. Operation Phase Use of budding Firefighting facilities Within premises Every year EHS Periodic Records of fire - fighting installation Vehicular movement Adequate width of internal roads, Within premises - EHS Periodic - - Sign boards
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11.2.9 SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT All necessary precautions will be taken by the proponent to prevent nuisance and hazards from the solid waste, hazardous waste, E waste and subsequently after commissioning of the project. In order to achieve this, following measures will be taken. Objective To reduce impacts on soil, land, ground water etc. Concern Treatment, storage, transportation and management of waste Benefits of EMP Preservation of land, ground water from probable pollution.
Mitigation Measures and Implementation and Management Impacting Activities Remarks Rationale Location Timing Responsibility Monitoring Records Construction Phase Metal waste, paint Proper disposal of waste At the site All times Civil contractor Periodic Waste Use of residue generated during construction checking of generation and proper PPE activities. Reusable waste shall be civil site disposal by workers reused. records
Operation Phase Generation, storage, Solid waste shall be segregated at At the site All times MSW Periodic Records of all -- handling of solid waste, source and stored in storage area. Department wastes plastic waste, e-waste, Plastic waste, e-waste, biomedical generated and biomedical waste waste will be sent to authorized disposed. re-processors/disposer.
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11.2.10 AIR ENVIRONMENT Diesel as a fuel in D.G. set. Provision adequate stack height to D.G. set. OBJECTIVE Proper management of Solid/hazardous waste generated from the proposed site CONCERN Collection, storage, transportation and management of waste BENEFITS OF EMP Preservation of land, ground water from probable pollution. Mitigation Measures and Implementation and Management Impacting Activities Remarks Rationale Location Timing Responsibility Monitoring Records Construction Phase Fugitive emissions due Sprinkling of water which lead At the site Once in a day Contractor Random Water to construction to dust suppression. during checks by consumption activities. Proper maintenance of construction site engineer records. Flue gas emissions due transportation vehicles to reduce period Reports of ambient -- to vehicular movement; flue gas emission. air quality DG set operation. VOC will affect workers hence VOC during painting. PPE’s shall be mandatory while Painting. Operation Phase Operation of DG sets. Adequate stack height with At site At all time, Maintenance Periodic Stack monitoring safety measures. during Department records -- operation Fugitive emission Greenbelt development At site At all time, Maintenance Periodic Results of work consisting of air pollution during Department zone monitoring -- capturing species. operation and ambient air quality monitoring.
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11.3 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME Green belt not only provides habitat for faunal species but also acts as a sink for pollutants, attenuation of noise levels and improvement in aesthetic quality of the plant. This not only mitigate the ecological problem but also enhance the beauty of project area that will attract avifauna, small mammals & insect species, and by this way ecological balance can be maintained to great extent. Greenbelt with varieties of species is preferred to maintain species diversity, rational utilization and for maintaining health of the trees.
The choice of plats for green belt should include, shrubs and trees. The intermixing of trees and shrubs should be such that the foliage area density in vertical is almost uniform. The pit size has to be either 45 cm x 45 cm x 45 cm or 60 cm x 60 cm x 60 cm. Bigger pit size will be considered at marginal and poor quality soil. Soil used for filling the pit should be mixed with well decomposed farm yard manure or sewage sludge at the rate of 2.5 kg (on dry weight basis) and 3.6 kg (on dry weight basis) for 45cm x 45 cm x 45 cm and 60 cm x 60 cm x 60 cm size pits respectively. The filling of soil has to be completed at least 5-10 days before actual plantation. Healthy sapling of identified species should be planted in each pit with the commencement of monsoon. Provision for regular and liberal watering during the summer period during the operation phase will be arranged from the local available resources. Appx. 11,81,174 m2 area will be developed as landscape area, areas like gardens, playgrounds/open plazas, open greens, surat park, etc.
11.3.1 SELECTION OF PLANTS FOR GREENBELTS Considering the environmental status of project area four main parameters like salinity, draught, fire resistance, species with faster growth rate and ever green nature have been considered while selecting the species. Facts considered during selection of plant species for greenbelt development are: • Agro climatic zone (Semi Arid to Dry sub humid – as per CPCB) of the project area • Evergreen species to mitigate cumulative impacts due to other industries also. • Type of pollutant (mainly air) likely to disperse from project activities. • Biological–filter Efficiency: Absorption of gases, Dust capturing and Noise control.
Z For absorption of Gases 1. Tolerance towards pollutants in question, at concentration, that are not too high to be instantaneously lethal 2. Longer duration of foliage 3. Freely exposed foliage 4. Adequate height of crown 5. Openness of foliage in canopy 6. Big leaves (long and broad laminar surface) 7. Large number of stomatal apertures
Z For Removal of Suspended Particulate matter 1. Height and spread of crown.
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2. Leaves supported on firm petiole 3. Abundance of surface on bark and foliage 4. Roughness of bark 5. Abundance of auxiliary hairs 6. Hairs or scales on laminar surface 7. Protected Stomata
Around 50 trees or shrubs exists at Dream City which will be transplanted within the Dream City. During project activity 11,81,174 m2 area will be covered with greenbelt, consisting of air and noise pollution capturing species. It is planned to grow total appx. 2,91,870 trees, considering 1000 trees per acre. Whole periphery area of the project site will be covered with plant species of trees and shrubs. Details of the plant species to be grown, greenbelt development plan and species grown are given in the Table 11.1.
Table 11.1 Details of Plant Species in Greenbelt
Scientific Name Common Name Habit
Cassia Fistula Golden Tree Tree Tabebula Yellow Trumpet Trees Tree Peltophorum Peela Gulmohar Tree Tecoma Gaudichaudi Marathi - Gaudichavdi Tree Gold Duranta Golden Dewdrop Shrub Wadeltia Creeping-oxeyes Hurb Ipomea Yellow Morning Glories Shrub Plumeria Alba White Frangipani Shrub Bauhinia Alba Orchid Tree Tree Tabernaemontana Coronaria Pin Wheel Flower Shrub Oleandra White Oleander Shrub Alternathera White White Carpet Shrub Neolamarckia cadamba Kadam Tree Terminalia Arjuna Blackboard Tree Tree Cocos nucifera L. Cocnut Tree Tree Ficus Benjamia Weeping fig Tree Azadirachta indica A.Juss Limbdo Tree Alpinia zerumbet Shell Ginger Shrub Altinanthra Green Joseph's Coat Shrub Bombax Ceiba Cotton Tree Tree Delonix Regia\ Gold Mohar French Tree Delonix regia (Boj.) Raf. Gulmohar Tree Canna Lily Red Lily Red Hurb Acalphya Red copperleaf Shrub Anthocephalus cadamba Kadam Tree Erythrina Variegate Bangoro Tree Ficus Lyrata Fiddle-leaf fig Shrub Jacarnda Mimosaefolia Gulmohar Tree Lagerstroemia Speciosa Pride of India Tree Bauhinia Purpurea Butterfly tree Tree
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Scientific Name Common Name Habit
Lavandula lavender Shrub Cassia Fistula Golden Rain tree Tree lantana mauve Umbels Shrub Acicia auriculiforms Auri/Earpod wattle Tree Thespasia populnea Portia tree/rose wood Tree ficus benjamina Ficus Tree Tree ficus Black Ficus Tree Tree Enermi Vilayati Mehendi Hurb Chandni Double Crape Jasmin/Taggar Shrub Bougainvilla Bouganvilla Hurb Alternanthera Red Joyweeds Shrub Cochlospermum religiousum Silk-cotton tree Tree Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels. Jambu Tree Cordia dichotoma Glue Berry/Bird Lime Tree Tree Alternathera Red Brazilian Red Hots Shrub Casuarina equisetifolia L. Sharu Tree Butea Monosperma Bastard Teak Tree Solanum macranthum Potato tree Tree Terminalia catappa L. Badam Tree polyalthina Ashoka Tree Manilkara zapota (L.) Chikoo Tree
11.4 EMP FOR THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE Control of pollution during construction phase is a considerable importance. Waste generated from construction activities includes construction debris, waste from the labor tents. Besides waste generation, management of topsoil, traffic movement, operation of construction equipments and diesel generating sets, site security and aesthetical development of green area and roadside plantation are some areas for which management measures are required.
11.4.1 SOIL EXCAVATION & SITE PREPARATION Excavation shall be dependent on individual developers, as per their construction requirement, excavation will be done. Excavated material will be stored at designated area and maximum percentage (80-99%) of excavated earth material will be reutilized into backfilling, leveling, landscaping & road construction within premises and fill up low lying areas around the project site.
11.4.2 VEGETATION AND TOP SOIL MANAGEMENT • Promote use of organic fertilizers. • Construction of erosion prevention troughs, as deemed necessary. • Remove vegetative cover only from the specific site on which construction will take place. • To prevent the erosion of excavated loose soil produced as a result of excavation, site preparation activities and excavation work is undertaken during dry season.
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Other measures, which is followed to prevent soil erosion and contamination include: • Topsoil is used for landscaping. • Care is taken to avoid soil erosion. • To prevent soil contamination by oil/grease, leak proof containers is used for storage and transportation. Removal of vegetation is possibly less during the development, and re-vegetation of bare areas after the project.
11.4.3 CONSTRUCTION DEBRIS Construction debris is bulky and heavy and re-utilization and recycling is an important strategy for management of such waste. As concrete and masonry constitute the majority of waste generated, recycling of this waste by conversion to aggregate can offer benefits of reduced landfill space and reduced extraction of raw material for new construction activity. This is particularly applicable to the proposed project site as the construction is to be completed in a phased manner. The management of major construction debris includes: Fuel and oil would be stored in cement lined storage yard and handled carefully to prevent soil contamination through leakage or spillage. All metal, paper, plastic wastes, debris and cuttings would be collected from site as soon as particular construction activity is over and will be resold to vendors for recycling or reused in construction. During construction of flexible pavement, bitumen wastes will be collected (if any) and disposed in environmentally sound manner. Mixed debris with high gypsum, plaster, shall not be used as fill, as they are highly susceptible to contamination, and will be given to recyclers. The number, frequency and area of movement of heavy machinery will also be restricted. Recycling of construction wastes into aggregates for use in the project site. Spent oil from D.G. sets should be stored in HDPE drums in isolated covered facility and disposed off as per the Solid Wastes (Handling & Management) Rules, 2003. Wastes from the labour camps will be collected and disposed as per the existing practices in the site.
11.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL (EMC) In addition to preparing an EMP, it is also necessary to have a permanent organizational set up to ensure its effective implementation. Necessary corrective steps are being taken based on observations made during monitoring. The major duties and responsibilities of Environmental Management Cell are as follows: • To assure regulatory compliance with all relevant rules, regulations and emission levels • To minimize environmental impacts of operations by strict adherence to the EMP • To initiate environmental monitoring as per approved schedule • Review and interpretation of monitored results and corrective measures in case monitored results are above the specified limit. • Maintain documentation of good environmental practices and applicable environmental laws as ready reference • Coordination with regulatory agencies, external consultants and monitoring laboratories. • Maintaining log of public complaints and the action taken.
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Table 11.2 Roles and Responsibility of Proposed EMC Cell Designation Responsibility Prepare and review a written EHS policy. Assign and review the development of an EHS program to implement the policy. Review accident reports and communicate with Director / Chairman government agencies, unions, and other organizations regarding legally required notices respecting critical injuries, accidents, incidents, and other events. Conduct an annual review meeting with project manager and superintendent. Develop a program to implement the health and safety policy. Ensure it is known Project In-Charge throughout the Organization. Ensure training is in place to make the program work. Ensure that the workforce understands their health and safety responsibilities. Ensure Site Engineer that the training is current and regularly reviewed. Report quarterly to senior management on the status of health and safety performance. Health safety and Inspect the work areas daily to identify hazards / risks and recommend corrective Environment Officer / measures to concerned person. Checking of RCCB / Heavy Machinery / Fire Supervisor Extinguishers / Builder Hoist / Scaffolding / Welding & Gas cutting m/c, etc.
Additionally, the Environmental Management Cell collects data about health of workers, green belt development, etc. Organogram of the proposed Environmental Management Cell is presented in the following Figure 11.1.
Figure 11.1 Environment Management Cell
Director / Chairman
Project In Charge
Site Engineer
EHS Supervisor
11.5.1 ENVIRONMENT POLICY AND ITS STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE Dream City will develop environment policy approved by their Director.
11.6 BUDGETS FOR ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION Adequate budgetary provisions have been made by management of unit for execution of Environmental Management Plans. The details of capital and recurring (per annum) budget earmarked for pollution control / monitoring equipment; operation and maintenance of pollution control facilities, for greenbelt development and maintenance is given in table 11.3.
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Table 11.3 Budgetary Allocation for EMP during Operation SR. EMP ASPECT COST IN RS. NO. Capital Investment (In Crore) 1. Water Environment 200 2. Land Environment 836 Operation Investment (In Crore) 4. STP Operation & Maintenance 129 5. Landscape Maintenance 11 Total 1176
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CHAPTER – 12
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
12.1 BRIEF NATURE OF THE PROJECT The Government of Gujarat has initiated realization of a Smart City project named Diamond Research and Mercantile (DREAM) City Limited in Surat. A Special Purpose Vehicle, DREAM City Limited has been formed for the implementation. Khajod Urban Development Authority is created to act as the relevant authority. The DREAM City Steering Committee is for this Master Planning assignment the decision-making authority. The proposed DREAM City is going to be developed at Block no. 177 & Others, Khajod, Surat, Gujarat. Total 681 hectares area (Out of 681 ha. of total land, 561.98 ha. is allotted and remaining 119 ha. under possession) is planned for the area development. Following facilities are proposed for Dream City.
Surat has a strong economic basis with textile and diamond industry along with a booming industrial port area, and is growing very fast, resulting in a large demand for commercial and residential space. It is expected that offices, retail and leisure functions will look for new areas to settle outside the congested city centre. They will look for excellent accessibility, excellent amenities and utilities.
The summary of anticipated adverse environmental impacts due to the project and mitigation measures is as under: Activity and Potential Attributes Mitigative Measures Negative Impact Construction Phase Land Removal of vegetation cover To conserve the soil substrata; soil disturbing activities and reduced soil stability. restricted and minimum; preliminary landscape development done during the time of construction. Leveling and excavation will Top soil excavation, preservation and reuse during be done for basement construction phase planned appropriately. Top soil preparation as required and it stored in a designated place and it will be reused for will be restricted to green belt and landscaping works. minimize excavation. Air Sprinkling of water which lead to dust suppression Excavation and Ensure that vehicles have a Pollution Under Control transportation activities (PUC) certificate Health check-up for Construction workers Noise Noise generation arises Less noisy equipments selected and used for construction usually from earth wherever possible. Proper timely maintenance of excavating equipment & construction equipments will reduce noise generation.
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Activity and Potential Attributes Mitigative Measures Negative Impact transportation vehicles DG sets provided with acoustic enclosures, silencers and adequate stacks. Provision PPEs should be provided to all the workers and ensured the same during construction activity. Green belt development should be initiated from the construction phase. Water Discharge of untreated The Sewage generated from construction will be treated sewage through STP by Dream City. Ecology The local flora and fauna Project has proposed well developed greenbelt; hence will be affected due to migration of local species within the premises is construction activities possible. Operation Phase Land & Wastewater from domestic Treated with proposed State-of-the-art sewage treatment Water water consumption and plant to produce tertiary treated water; this is ultimately generation, storage, reused for domestic purposes such as flushing and handling and disposal. landscaping after treatment.
Water conservation measures will be encouraged.
Awareness among the residents regarding optimal usage of water and reuse.
Implementation of dual piping system: Use of treated sewage for domestic purposes like flushing, gardening after prior treatment.
Rainwater harvesting facilities are proposed.
a) Roof top rain water will be harvested and it will be treated and reused.
b) Surface run off will be harvested and it will be used for ground water recharge through recharge wells within the site.
Air Operation of DG sets, DG sets selected will ensure the exhaust emission Dust emission standard.
As prescribed as per the latest amendments from the CPCB.
DG set will be used for stand-by purpose.
Periodic check up and maintenance will be done.
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Activity and Potential Attributes Mitigative Measures Negative Impact Noise D G Set, Vehicular movement Acoustic enclosures will be provided to DG set.
DG set will be installed in an access restricted area
(Utility section).
Use of PPE (ear plugs) will be made mandatory in this area.
Noise levels will be checked periodically using a noise dosimeter.
Ecology Dust generation and flue gas During operational phase all roads in Dream city will be emission from DG set pucca roads so dust generation will be controlled. DG Water consumption & sets will be for emergency purpose. wastewater generation and Greenbelt is planned to control air and noise pollution. Solid waste management Traffic Movement of vehicles Controlled vehicular movement with adequate supervision.
Vehicle entry and exit scheduling so that traffic congestion is not created on nearby public road
12.2 CONCLUSIONS With the above summary, the EIA study reveals that major impacts are excavation and dewatering identified during the construction phase and its mitigation measures are proposed in the EIA report. Other than that no major impacts were found.
While in operation, the proposed development does not involve any processing /manufacturing activities. The impacts include generation of domestic wastewater, solid waste, etc., for which proper well-planned Environmental Management Plan has been proposed. Also, for the operation phase, other permanent Environmental Management Plans like well-planned storm water management, internal transportation management, sufficient parking provision, Sewage Treatment Plant, Organic Waste Converter, Green Belt Development plan has been proposed and the same will be effectively implemented. For managing the Environmental Management Plans, an EMP cell will be framed along with environmental monitoring routine plans with estimated budgetary allocations.
However, development of the proposed project has certain beneficial impacts/effects during the course of its construction as well as operational phase of the project.
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CHAPTER – 13
CONSULTANT ENGAGED
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Study for the proposed Township and Area Development project of M/s. Diamond Research And Mercantile (Dream) City Limited conducted by,
Name : Envision Enviro Technologies Pvt. Ltd. rd Address : 3 Floor, Shri Ram Complex, Above Bank of India, Surat-Dumas Road, Piplod, Surat-395 007, Gujarat. Phone : (0261) 2223003, 2224004 E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.en-vision.in Status of accreditation with : Accredited. Certificated No: NABET/EIA/1417/ IA 003 valid QCI/NABET up to December 03, 2017 Extension was made till 13th September 2018 vide letter no. QCI/NABET/EIA/ACO/18/0690 dated 14th June 2018
Envision Enviro Technologies Pvt. Ltd. (ISO 9001:2008 certified company) is a consulting, engineering and equipment supplier firm delivering exceptional service and quality to public and private clients in India. Envision is working with zeal in the field of environmental engineering for more than 20 years. Envision has a vision of supporting and being a part of development that is sustainable to our environment.
Envision is one of the leading companies as Environmental Consultants providing the EIA study required for Environmental Clearance from MoEF&CC/SEIAA and NOC (Consent to Establish), CCA (Consent to Operate) from Pollution Control Board. Envision has a well established laboratory with environmental monitoring and analysis of environmental parameters (Air & Water monitoring, Waste Water analysis,
Stack analysis).
Envision is also working as consultants, turnkey project executors and equipment suppliers in the field of Pollution Control (Environmental) Engineering and deals with turnkey projects in Incineration System for Solid and Hazardous waste. Envision also does the design, construction, erection and commission of Water Treatment Facility (Effluent treatment plants, Sewage treatment plants, etc.) and Secured Landfill sites.
Envision is the first organization in India that holds Common Plastic Waste Management Facility.
Envision is enlisted contractor with PWD, Goa as Class-I-A (One-A) in the category of Water Supply & Waste Water Disposal. Envision is recognized as Environmental Auditors and enlisted as consultants and pollution control equipment suppliers with Gujarat Pollution Control Board. Provide Services in the field of Structural Engineering, Water Supply Engineering and Civil Engineering. It has national cliental from state of Gujarat, Chhattisgarh, Assam, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Goa, Kerala, etc and international cliental from Dubai and Egypt.
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EETPL is Member of Consulting Engineers Association of India, Indo-German Chamber of Commerce, Society of Environmental Auditors and Consultants, Ahmedabad and Member of CII. EETPL is operated by Mr. Nihar Doctor and Mrs. Nimisha Doctor, who are actively involved in achieving their vision to be a significant contributor in the development sustainable by Environment using collective technical acumen to provide services & equipments and be a part of movement of building Modern India with better environment and safety aim.
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ACCREDITATION CERIFICATE BY QCI NABET
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Functional area experts and assistance to FAE involved in the EIA study for M/s. Diamond Research And Mercantile (Dream) City Limited, Surat, Gujarat are as follow:
EXPERTS INVOLVED IN THE EIA Sr. Name of the Area of Role & Involvement No. Expert/S Involvement 1 Jinesh Shah Associate EIA Site visit for collection for collection data to prepare Form-I; Coordinator Presentation and EIA report. Coordinating with FAE for reports. SHW Impact identification and suggesting mitigation measures; drafting damage assessment and natural augmentation & report. EB Site visit with FAE, study with FAE and coordination with FAE for report preparation, drafting damage assessment and natural augmentation plan. SC Site visit with FAE for collection of samples, drafting damage assessment and natural augmentation plan. 2 Arif Shaikh Team Member Assisting for preparation of TOR application, presentation and (EIA Coordinator) coordination with FAEs for preparation of EIA report. 3 Nirali Patel AP Designing ambient air quality network in consultation with FAE; Site visit to finalize monitoring location; identifying potential source of pollution; impact identification and suggesting mitigation measures; preparation of FAE report. N Site visit to finalize monitoring locations and to identify probable noise source at the location; verification of noise results; identifying sources of noise generation from project activities; preparation of FAE report. 4 Ishani Shah WP Collection of data regarding water consumption its source, wastewater generation its treatment & disposal; site visit with laboratory team for collection of ground & surface water samples and verification of results; preparation of damage assessment & natural augmentation plan and FAE report. AQ Verification of weather data with secondary data of IMD and run AERMODE to prepare primary wind rose. 5 Krutika SE Site visit with FAE for primary data collection; preparation of FAE Prajapati report in coordination with FAE. 6 Apoorva HG Site visit with FAE, coordinating with FAE for report preparation. Ghantiwala 7 Ananta Desai SC Site visit with FAE for collection of samples, verification of analysis results based on secondary data, coordinating with FAE for preparation of report. 8 Rushik Mistry AQ Assisting FAE for verifying of weather data with secondary data of IMD and running AERMODE for primary wind rose preparation. 9 Harshil Rajan LU Site visit with FAE, coordination with FAE for required data to prepare FAE report. AP Site visit with FAE, assisting for selection of monitoring locations. 10 Shweta Solanki RH Assisting FAE for identifying potential risks due to the proposed activities and in preparation of FAE report.
LABORATORY INVOLVED FOR BASELINE MONITORING & OTHER ANALYSIS SR. NAME OF LABORATORY NABL REGISTRATION STATUS ROLE NO. Unistar Environment & Research 1. Certificate No. T-2239 and T-2240 Monitoring and Analysis Labs Pvt. Ltd.
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. 13-5
ANNEXURES
Annexure-I
Terms of Reference
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 1
Annexure-I (Cont.)
Terms of Reference
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 2
Annexure-I (Cont.)
Terms of Reference
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 3
Annexure-I (Cont.)
Terms of Reference
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 4
Annexure-I (Cont.)
Terms of Reference
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 5
Annexure-II
Powers conferred to Dream City
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 6
Annexure-III
Land allotment Letter
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 7
Annexure-III (Cont.)
Land allotment Letter
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 8
Annexure-III (Cont.) Land allotment Letter
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 9
Annexure-IV
List of Other Blocks in Dream City
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 10
Annexure-V
Government Order for SPV
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 11
Annexure-V (Cont.)
Government Order for SPV
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 12
Annexure-V (Cont.)
Government Order for SPV
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 13
Annexure-VI
IMD Data
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 14
Annexure-VI (Cont.)
IMD Data
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 15
Annexure-VII
Details of Airport Authority of India NOC
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 16
Annexure-VIII
Water Supply Letter & MSW waste disposal permission
M/ S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED , SURAT , GUJARAT . A - 17
Annexure-IX
Undertaking for Violation
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 18
Annexure-X
Contour Plan of the area
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 19
Annexure-XI
Traffic Survey
Attached as separate File
M/S. DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED, SURAT, GUJARAT. A - 20
1. INTRODUCTION Traffic volume studies are conducted to determine the number, movements, and classifications of roadway vehicles at a given location. These data can help identify critical flow time periods, determine the influence of large vehicles or pedestrians on vehicular traffic flow, or document traffic volume trends. The length of the sampling period depends on the type of count being taken and the intended use of the data recorded. The purpose of the Intersection Turning Movement Counts is to summarize the counts of vehicle movements through an intersection during certain time periods. This type of volume summary is used in making decisions regarding the geometric design of the roadway, sign and signal installation, signal timing, pavement marking, traffic circulation patterns, capacity analysis, parking and loading zones, and vehicle classification. This data is used in making decisions at a planning-level (e.g., traffic impact analyses), as well as operational analyses-level (e.g., signal installation and timing). Pedestrian and bicycle movements may be included during the intersection volume studies.
2. DATA COLLECTION Turning movement surveys are carried out so as to assess the present condition of traffic and its behavior so that one can take traffic management decisions to study, analyze and improve the traffic performance. The proposed work being for the study on intersection, hence large amount of data is required from the field so as to ensure the quality of work. The present work of traffic volume counts for 16 hours has been conducted at the location with the help of both manual count and videography. The details of selected intersection at dream city area, Surat is listed below. 1. Junction of Outer Ring Road and Airport Road 2. Junction of Outer ring road and Althan- Bhatar road 3. Junction of Outer Ring Road and Udhna Navsari Road 4. Junction of VIP Road and Althan Bhatar Road 5. Unction of Udna Magdalla Road and Vesu Piplod Road
3. TRAFFIC COMPOSITION Vehicles are classified comprising of smaller vehicles: motorized two-wheeler, motorized three- wheeler, Small Car, Big Car and heavy vehicles: Light Commercial Vehicle (LCV), Bus and Truck and slow moving vehicles: Cycle, Hand driven vehicle, Horse driven vehicle and Tractor. It was found that proportion of two-wheelers in traffic composition is observed to be having maximum share at the junction. Following figure shows the composition different categories of vehicle at the study area.
4. EQUIVALENCY FACTORS FOR VEHICLES One of the fundamental measures of traffic on a road system is the given volume of traffic using the road give time interval. It is also termed as traffic flow and is expressed in vehicles per hour or vehicles per day when traffic is composed of various categories of vehicles, it is normal practice to convert the volume into equivalent passenger car units (PCUs). By using equivalency factors given in the following Table 1.
Table 1 Recommended PCU factors for various types of vehicles for design of intersections in Rural and Urban Areas (IRC SP 041)
S. No Vehicle Type Equivalent PCU Factors
Fast vehicles
1. Motorized Two wheeler 0.50 2. Motorized Three Wheeler 1.00 3. Passenger Car 1.00 4. Light Commercial vehicles 1.50 5. Trucks and Buses 3.00 6. Tractor, Trailer 4.50 Slow Vehicles 7. Cycle 0.50 8. Cycle Rickshaws 1.50 9. Hand Cart 3.00 10. Horse Driven 4.00 11. Bullock Cart 8.00
5. TURNING MOVEMENT COUNT In order to study traffic operation at roundabouts, turning movement counts (TMC) are used to quantify the movement of vehicles through the area. Three movements, namely, left-turn movement, straight movements and right-turn movements have been counted for each leg separately. This data is used in making decisions at a planning-level (e.g., traffic impact analyses), as well as operational analyses-level (e.g., signal installation and timing).
6. DATA ANALYSIS The field survey has been carried out for classified volume count data on the selected junctions of Dream City Area, Surat. Data has been extracted for entire 16 hour duration for obtaining turning movement count and traffic flow variation. Detailed analysis of each individual section is shown below.
6.1 Junction of VIP Road and Althan Bhatar Road Google earth view of the study area is shown below Figure 1. Traffic volume data was collected with the help of videography on 17/05/2016. Figure 1 Google earth view of VIP Road Althan Bhatar junction
6.1.1 Inventory Survey Inventory survey was also carried out for the selected junction to gather details on geometry such as, entry width, approach width, departure width, weaving width, weaving length, etc. shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2 Inventory details of VIP Road Althan Bhatar Road Junction 6.1.2 Traffic Composition
Figure 3 Traffic composition at VIP Road Althan Bhatar Junction
Traffic composition corresponding to all Approaches
Figure 4 Traffic composition corresponding to all approaches 6.1.3 Turning Movement Count Table 2 Summary of turning movement count Turning Movement Count Summary (16 Hour) Approach Leg Left Turn Straight Turn Right Turn
Bhimrad Althan Road 844 8343 1962
VIP Road 3574 7039 916
Panas Althan Road 872 6668 4932
Bamroli Althan Expy 2034 6821 3035
6.1.4 Traffic flow Traffic flow is the number of vehicles passing a specified point during a stated period of time. From 1 hour aggregate classified counts, hourly flow rate is derived for entire duration shown in below figure 6 (a),(b),(c) and (d).
Bhimrad Althan Road - Entry Flow
Time Interval
(a)
VIP Road- Entry flow
(b)
Panas Althan Road - Entry flow
(c)
Bamroli - Althan Expy - Entry Flow
Figure 5.(a), (b), (c), (d) Hourly Variation of traffic flow corresponding to each leg
SUMMARY OF TURNING MOVEMENT COUNTS
Intersection diagram (Turning movement count General Information 16-hour Duration)
Consultant : SVNIT Date of survey performed : 17/05/2016 Analysis Time period : 6.00 AM to 10.00 PM
Site Information
City : Surat Weather : Sunny
Camera mounted on nearby building Leg 1 : Bhimrad Althan Road Leg 2 : VIP Road Leg 3 : Panas Althan Road
Leg 4 : Bamroli Althan Expy Vehicle movements (PCU)
Total Bhimrad Althan Road VIP Road Panas Althan Road Bamroli Althan Expy Time Begins LT ST RT Total LT ST RT Total LT ST RT Total LT ST RT Total Total
6.2 Junction of Outer Ring Road and Udhna Navsari Road Google earth view of the study area is shown below Figure 7. Traffic volume data was collected through manual count on 19/06 /2016
Figure. 6 Google Earth View of Junction of Outer Ring Road and Udhna Navsari Road
6.2.1 Inventory Details Inventory details of the selected intersection is shown in Figure 8.
Figure 7. Inventory details of Outer Ring Road and Udhna Navsari Road 6.2.2. Traffic Composition
Figure 8.Traffic composition at Junction of Outer Ring Road and Udhna Magdalla Road
Figure 9. Traffic volume corresponding to each Entry leg 6.2.3 Turning Movement Count Table 3 Summary of turning movement count Turning Movement Count Summary (16 Hour) Approach Leg Straight Movement Right Movement
Surat 5633(NH-8) 15855(Navsari)
NH-8 1301(Navsari) 4696(Surat)
Navsari 16851(Surat) 1586(NH-8)
6.2.4 Traffic Flow
Traffic Flow Variation- Surat
Time Duration
(a)
(b)
(c)
Figure 10.a), (b), (c) Hourly Variation of traffic flow corresponding to each leg
SUMMARY OF TURNING MOVEMENT COUNTS
General Information Turning movement count 16-hour Duration
Consultant : SVNIT Date of survey performed : 19/06/2016 Analysis Time period : 6.00 AM to 10.00 PM
Site Information
City : Surat
Manual Counting Leg 1 : Surat Leg 2 : NH-8 Leg 3 : Navsari
Vehicle movements (PCU)
Surat NH-8 Navsari Total
ST RT Total ST RT Total ST RT Total Sub Total
6.3 Junction of Outer Ring Road Surat (Althan) Road Google earth view of the study area is shown below figure 8. Traffic volume data was collected through videography on 22/06/2016
Figure 11. Google earth view of Junction of Outer ring road and Surat althan road 6.3.1 Inventory Details Inventory details of the selected intersection is shown in Figure 13.
Figure 12. Inventory details of Outer ring road althan Bhatar road 6.3.2. Traffic Composition
Figure 13.Traffic composition at Junction of Outer Ring Road and Udhna Magdalla Road
Figure 14. Traffic volume corresponding to each Entry leg
6.3.3 Turning Movement Count Table 4 Summary of turning movement count Turning Movement Count Summary (PCU/16 Hour)
Approach Leg Left Turn Straight Movement Right Turn
Sachin 131 10622 2344
Khajod 193 801 213
Hazira 254 10128 157
Surat 2336 847 297
6.3.4 Traffic Flow
(a)
(b)
(c)
Figure 15 .a), (b), (c), (d) Hourly Variation of traffic flow corresponding to each leg
SUMMARY OF TURNING MOVEMENT COUNTS
Intersection diagram (Turning movement count General Information 16-hour Duration)
Consultant : SVNIT Date of survey performed : 22/06/2016 Analysis Time period : 6.00 AM to 10.00 PM
Site Information
City : Surat Weather : Sunny
Camera mounted on nearby building Leg 1 : Sachin Leg 2 : Khajod Leg 3 : Hazira
Leg 4 : Surat(Althan)
Vehicle movements (PCU)
6.4 Junction of Udna Magdalla road and Vesu Piplod road Google earth view of the study area is shown below figure 17. Traffic volume data was collected by manual count on 22/05/2016
Figure 16. Google earth view of Junction of Udna Magdalla and Vesu Piplod Road 6.4.1 Inventory Details Inventory details of the selected intersection is shown in Figure 18.
Figure 17. Inventory details of Udhna Magdalla Road and Vesu Piplod Road 6.4.2 Traffic Composition
Figure 18. Traffic composition at Udhna Magdalla and Piplod Vesu Road
Figure 19. Traffic volume corresponding to each Approach leg 6.4.3 Turning Movement Count Table 5 Summary of turning movement count Turning Movement Count Summary (PCU/16 Hour)
Approach Leg Left Turn Straight Movement Right Turn
Magadalla 4018 15958 1154
Vesu 906 2342 1631
Udhana 1078 18518 1776
Piplod 2018 3093 1099
6.4.4 Traffic Flow
(a)
Figure 20.(a), (b), (c), (d) Hourly Variation of traffic flow corresponding to each leg
SUMMARY OF TURNING MOVEMENT COUNTS
Intersection diagram (Turning movement count General Information 16-hour Duration)
Consultant : SVNIT Date of survey performed : 22/05/2016 Analysis Time period : 6.00 AM to 10.00 PM
Site Information
City : Surat Weather : Sunny
Camera mounted on nearby building Leg 1 : Magadalla Leg 2 : Vesu Leg 3 : Udhana Leg 4 : Piplod
Vehicle movements (PCU)
6.5 Junction of Outer Ring Road and Airport Road Google earth view of the study area is shown below figure 8. Traffic volume data was collected through videography on 17/05/2016
Figure 21. Google earth view of Junction of outer ring road and airport road 6.5.1 Inventory Details Inventory details of the selected intersection is shown in Figure 13.
Figure 22. Inventory details of junction of outer ring road and airport road 6.5.2 Traffic composition
Figure 23.Traffic composition at Junction of Outer ring road and Airport road
Figure 24. Number of vehicle corresponding to each entry
6.5.3 Turning movement count Table 6 Summary of turning movement count Turning Movement Count Summary (PCU/16 Hour) Approach Leg Left Turn Straight Movement Right Turn
6.5.4 Traffic Flow
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Figure 25 (a),(b),(c),(d) Traffic flow variation
SUMMARY OF TURNING MOVEMENT COUNTS
Intersection diagram (Turning movement count 16- General Information hour Duration)
Consultant : SVNIT Date of survey performed : 17/05/2016 Analysis Time period : 6.00 AM to 10.00 PM
Site Information
City : Surat Weather : Sunny
Camera mounted on nearby building Leg 1 :Dumas Leg 2 : Hazira Leg 3 : Surat
Leg 4 : NH-8 Vehicle movements (PCU)
Capacity of urban transportation system
FW: Fwd: Fwd: Acknowledgement Slip for TOR application
Subject: FW: Fwd: Fwd: Acknowledgement Slip for TOR applica on From: "[email protected]"
Original email: ------From: Jinesh Shah [email protected] Date: Fri, 13 Apr 2018 10:46:17 +0530 To: [email protected] Subject: Fwd: Fwd: Acknowledgement Slip for TOR application
------Forwarded Message ------Subject: Fwd: Acknowledgement Slip for TOR application Date: Thu, 12 Apr 2018 20:57:30 +0530 From: DREAM CITY LTD
Find herewith Acknowledgment slip for TOR.
------Forwarded message ------From:
*Acknowledgement Slip for TOR *
This is to acknowledge that the proposal has been successfully uploaded on the portal. The proposal shall be examined by MS of SEIAA to ensure that required information has been submitted. An email will be sent for seeking additional information , if any, within 5 working days. Once verified, an acceptance letter shall be issued to the project proponent .
Following should be mentioned in further correspondence
*1. Proposal No.* : SIA/GJ/NCP/24661/2018 2. Category of the Proposal : New Construction Projects and  Industrial  Estates 3. Project/Activity applied for : 8(b) Townships and Area Development projects. 4. Name of the proposal : Dream City 5. Date of submission for TOR : 12 Apr 2018 6. Name of the Project proponent along with contact details a) Name of the proponent : DIAMOND RESEARCH AND MERCANTILE (DREAM) CITY LIMITED
1 of 2 4/13/2018 3:37 PM FW: Fwd: Fwd: Acknowledgement Slip for TOR application
b) Mobile No. : 9724345467 c) State : Gujarat d) District : Surat e) Pincode : 395003
--
Thanks & Regards, */DREAM City Limited/*
------mail2web - Check your email from the web at https://link.mail2web.com/mail2web
2 of 2 4/13/2018 3:37 PM !
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F GHIPQRSR6UVSWXSQY`a`I`bc6VSHPVbdUXef ghhipqristuv w GHIPQRSR6QRR`b`PxQI6QbbQySxbYdPxIc6Y`xIS6HR6`ISf ghhipqrisg hZih GHIPQRSR6XPVW ghhipqrisursg GHIPQRSR6dPxySHbeQI6UIQx ghhipqrisfhigqZth hhijiklm6nGmjiUmo6oljoeiop pVq eSQVrY GHIPQRSR6RR`b`PxQI6bbQySxbY xPq XPV6i ghhipqrisg hZgih dsf GxRSVbQr`x jS6QPVSYQ`R6QHHI`yQb`Px6QxR6RPyeSxbY6eVx`YSR6SVS6t`b6QVS6bVeS6bP6c6rxPtISRS uv z{g|}yzZv~~gvfZgyzZ|~vfgy{~Zwzv~g|xZf{ yi w x {|{~z zi h h |h hz rir z{g|}yzZv~~gvfZgyzZ|~vfgy{~Zwzv~g|xZf{ fgh {|{~z fZqrZrhZziigihZgqr ZwzgxZqZh gri firZ} iZyhgqrZqrZqrZvZfhZyv ss "#$%& $'$()$(0$&(0&$12 230456(2&7819@ABCD EE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE REPORT The Government of Gujarat has initiated realisation of a Smart City project named Diamond Research and Mercantile (DREAM) City in Surat. A Special Purpose Vehicle, DREAM City Limited has been formed for the implementation. Khajod Development Authority is created to act as the relevant authority. The DREAM City Steering Committee is for this Master Planning assignment the decision- making authority. DREAM City project is 681 hectares development located in the southwest of Surat bordering to the 2 x 2 lane Outer Ring Road. Out of 681 ha. of total land, 561.98 ha. is allotted and remaining 119 ha. under possession. The site is flat with elevations ranging between and 2.5 and 6.6 m above Mean Sea Level. The present landscape is a merely derelict area without any large trees and hardly any buildings or other elements. The site is mainly in possession of Gujarat Government; parcels of land are in private hands. In the east and south, the project area is bordered by lands protected under the Coastal Regulations Zone (CRZ) regime. The basic amenity work of approach road preparation is initiated. PROJECT COST Cost of the proposed project is Rs. 29,981 Crore. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROJECT Land: Around 681 hectares (68,16,826 sq. mt.) land will be utilized for the proposed development project. Out of 681 ha. of total land, 561.98 ha. is allotted and remaining 119 ha. under possession. This proposed project will be developed on land where major portion of the government waste land is allotted and remaining are under possession by Government of Gujarat. Water: Total estimated water requirement for the proposed area development project would be around 55 MLD which will be sourced from Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC). Two Overhead Tanks are proposed near the Khajod village and the open plot area which is currently in use as a landfill site. One Underground reservoir is proposed from where water can be pumped and distributed taking in account the residual pressure head for all the land uses. Horticultural and Non-potable demand within the buildings will be met through recycled/ reclaimed /rooftop rain harvested water whereas potable demand will be met from Fresh water supply. Fresh water saving of the order of 16-25 MLD can be achieved by adopting rooftop rainwater harvesting and recycle/re-use of treated sewage for non-potable uses. Electrical Energy: Power demand for various consumers in DREAM City i.e. residential, commercial and Diamond bourse is estimated on 370 MVA. It is anticipated that power supply shall be arranged from nearby 400 kV substations. DREAM City needs to have universal access to electricity 24x7. This may not be possible with the existing supply and distribution schemes in the state, which means that the existing network needs upgrading to cater for the growing demand. WASTE WATER GENERATION AND ITS TREATMENT: One major STP is proposed to treat the waste water generated from different user groups at a centralized location so as to best utilize the treated waste water. The Plant is based on Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) Technology based on popularity. Unlike various processes of treatments the raw sewage as obtained for the treatment undergoes Physio-Chemical & Biological treatments. • Trunk sewers collecting sewage from several areas and conveying it to the STP; • Sewage pumping stations to transport sewage to trunk mains or treatment plants; • Recycle water distribution system to transport treated effluent to the users of recycled water • Outfall drains to transport surplus treated effluent to the final disposal point. The total sewage generation proposed for ultimate year (2041) is 135 MLD taking into account the infiltration losses of 5%. The land area needed for the proposed Sewage Treatment Plant location is 5- 6 ha. SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND ITS DISPOSAL METHOD Door-to-Door Collection: The collection of waste from the households will be carried out by sanitary workers in containerized auto-tippers of capacity 1.1 cum/2.5 cum to facilitate segregated waste collection from the households as well as commercial units. This collection can either be done by RWAs, NGOs, private waste collectors or any other organization authorized by SMC. Waste will be collected from the households by auto tippers daily, covering around 700 households (including commercial areas) per auto-tipper per day. It is recommended to install containers (community bins) of appropriate capacity (1.1 cum / 4.5 cum) at strategic points for storage of waste received from primary waste collection. The 1.1 cum four- wheeled bins and 4.5 cum capacity metal bins designed for lifting by refuse compactors should be placed at the rate of 4 per sq.km area or 1 per 5000 populations would be employed. GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT DREAM City will contain a variety of public green elements: Surat Park; Sports park; Neighborhood parks / playgrounds; Green walkways; Diamond Esplanade; Central Plaza / Square; West metro square. PROPOSED TOR 1) Examine details of land use as per Master Plan and land use around 10 km radius of the project site. Analysis should be made based on latest satellite imagery for land use with raw images. Check on flood plain of any river. 2) Submit details of environmentally sensitive places, land acquisition status, rehabilitation of communities/ villages and present status of such activities. 3) Examine baseline environmental quality along with projected incremental load due to the project. 4) Environmental data to be considered in relation to the project development would be (a) land, (b) groundwater, (c) surface water, (d) air, (e) bio-diversity, (f) noise and vibrations, (g) socio economic and health. 5) Submit a copy of the contour plan with slopes, drainage pattern of the site and surrounding area. Any obstruction of the same by the project 6) Submit the details of the trees to be felled for the project. 7) Submit the present land use and permission required for any conversion such as forest, agriculture etc. 8) Submit Roles and responsibility of the developer etc for compliance of environmental regulations under the provisions of EP Act. 9) Ground water classification as per the Central Ground Water Authority. 10) Examine the details of Source of water, water requirement, use of treated waste water and prepare a water balance chart. 11) Rain water harvesting proposals should be made with due safeguards for ground water quality. Maximize recycling of water and utilization of rain water. Examine details. 12) Examine soil characteristics and depth of ground water table for rainwater harvesting. 13) Examine details of solid waste generation treatment and its disposal. 14) Examine and submit details of use of solar energy and alternative source of energy to reduce the fossil energy consumption. Energy conservation and energy efficiency. 15) DG sets are likely to be used during construction and operational phase of the project. Emissions from DG sets must be taken into consideration while estimating the impacts on air environment. Examine and submit details. 16) Examine road/rail connectivity to the project site and impact on the traffic due to the proposed project. Present and future traffic and transport facilities for the region should be analysed with measures for preventing traffic congestion and providing faster trouble free system to reach different destinations in the city. 17) A detailed traffic and transportation study should be made for existing and projected passenger and cargo traffic. 18) Examine the details of transport of materials for construction which should include source and availability. 19) Examine separately the details for construction and operation phases both for Environmental Management Plan and Environmental Monitoring Plan with cost and parameters. 20) Submit details of a comprehensive Disaster Management Plan including emergency evacuation during natural and man-made disaster. 21) Details of litigation pending against the project, if any, with direction /order passed by any Court of Law against the Project should be given. 22) The cost of the Project (capital cost and recurring cost) as well as the cost towards implementation of EMP should be clearly spelt out. 23) Any further clarification on carrying out the above studies including anticipated impacts due to the project and mitigative measure, project proponent can refer to the model ToR available on Ministry website "http://moef.nic.in/Manual/Townships". Pre-Feasibility Report for Proposed Area Development Project “Dream City” at Block No. 177 & Others, Khajod, Taluka Surat City, District Surat, Gujarat by Diamond Research and Mercantile (Dream) City Limited April 2018 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE REPORT The Government of Gujarat has initiated realisation of a Smart City project named Diamond Research and Mercantile (DREAM) City in Surat. A Special Purpose Vehicle, DREAM City Limited has been formed for the implementation. Khajod Development Authority is created to act as the relevant authority. The DREAM City Steering Committee is for this Master Planning assignment the decision- making authority. DREAM City project is 681 hectares development located in the southwest of Surat bordering to the 2 x 2 lane Outer Ring Road. Out of 681 ha. of total land, 561.98 ha. is allotted and remaining 119 ha. under possession. The site is flat with elevations ranging between and 2.5 and 6.6 m above Mean Sea Level. The present landscape is a merely derelict area without any large trees and hardly any buildings or other elements. The site is mainly in possession of Gujarat Government; parcels of land are in private hands. In the east and south, the project area is bordered by lands protected under the Coastal Regulations Zone (CRZ) regime. The basic amenity work of approach road preparation is initiated. PROJECT COST Cost of the proposed project is Rs. 29,981 Crore. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROJECT Land: Around 681 hectares (68,16,826 sq. mt.) land will be utilized for the proposed development project. Out of 681 ha. of total land, 561.98 ha. is allotted and remaining 119 ha. under possession. This proposed project will be developed on land where major portion of the government waste land is allotted and remaining are under possession by Government of Gujarat. Water: Total estimated water requirement for the proposed area development project would be around 55 MLD which will be sourced from Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC). Two Overhead Tanks are proposed near the Khajod village and the open plot area which is currently in use as a landfill site. One Underground reservoir is proposed from where water can be pumped and distributed taking in account the residual pressure head for all the land uses. Horticultural and Non-potable demand within the buildings will be met through recycled/ reclaimed /rooftop rain harvested water whereas potable demand will be met from Fresh water supply. Fresh water saving of the order of 16-25 MLD can be achieved by adopting rooftop rainwater harvesting and recycle/re-use of treated sewage for non-potable uses. Electrical Energy: Power demand for various consumers in DREAM City i.e. residential, commercial and Diamond bourse is estimated on 370 MVA. It is anticipated that power supply shall be arranged from nearby 400 kV substations. DREAM City needs to have universal access to electricity 24x7. This may not be possible with the existing supply and distribution schemes in the state, which means that the existing network needs upgrading to cater for the growing demand. WASTE WATER GENERATION AND ITS TREATMENT: One major STP is proposed to treat the waste water generated from different user groups at a centralized location so as to best utilize the treated waste water. The Plant is based on Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) Technology based on popularity. Unlike various processes of treatments the raw sewage as obtained for the treatment undergoes Physio-Chemical & Biological treatments. • Trunk sewers collecting sewage from several areas and conveying it to the STP; • Sewage pumping stations to transport sewage to trunk mains or treatment plants; • Recycle water distribution system to transport treated effluent to the users of recycled water • Outfall drains to transport surplus treated effluent to the final disposal point. The total sewage generation proposed for ultimate year (2041) is 135 MLD taking into account the infiltration losses of 5%. The land area needed for the proposed Sewage Treatment Plant location is 5- 6 ha. SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND ITS DISPOSAL METHOD Door-to-Door Collection: The collection of waste from the households will be carried out by sanitary workers in containerized auto-tippers of capacity 1.1 cum/2.5 cum to facilitate segregated waste collection from the households as well as commercial units. This collection can either be done by RWAs, NGOs, private waste collectors or any other organization authorized by SMC. Waste will be collected from the households by auto tippers daily, covering around 700 households (including commercial areas) per auto-tipper per day. It is recommended to install containers (community bins) of appropriate capacity (1.1 cum / 4.5 cum) at strategic points for storage of waste received from primary waste collection. The 1.1 cum four- wheeled bins and 4.5 cum capacity metal bins designed for lifting by refuse compactors should be placed at the rate of 4 per sq.km area or 1 per 5000 populations would be employed. GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT DREAM City will contain a variety of public green elements: Surat Park; Sports park; Neighborhood parks / playgrounds; Green walkways; Diamond Esplanade; Central Plaza / Square; West metro square. INDEX CHAPTER CONTENT NO. 1 Introduction of the Project 2 Project Description 3 Site Analysis 4 Planning Brief 5 Proposed Infrastructure 6 Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R & R) Plan 7 Project Schedule & Cost Estimates CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION OF THE PROJECT 1.1 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT AND PROJECT PROPONENT The Government of Gujarat has initiated realisation of a Smart City project named Diamond Research and Mercantile (DREAM) City in Surat. A Special Purpose Vehicle, DREAM City Limited has been formed for the implementation. Khajod Development Authority is created to act as the relevant authority. The DREAM City Steering Committee is for this Master Planning assignment the decision-making authority. DREAM City project is 681 hectares (Out of 681 ha. of total land, 561.98 ha. is allotted and remaining 119 ha. under possession) development located in the southwest of Surat bordering to the 2 x 2 lane Outer Ring Road. The site is flat with elevations ranging between and 2.5 and 6.6 m above Mean Sea Level. The present landscape is a merely derelict area without any large trees and hardly any buildings or other elements. The site is mainly in possession of Gujarat Government; parcels of land are in private hands. In the east and south, the project area is bordered by lands protected under the Coastal Regulations Zone (CRZ) regime. 1.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT The proposed DREAM City is going to be developed at Block no. 177 & Others (List of others are given in Additional Attachments to Form-I), Khajod, Surat, Gujarat. Total 681 hectares area (Out of 681 ha. of total land, 561.98 ha. is allotted and remaining 119 ha. under possession) is planned for the area development. Following facilities are proposed for Dream City. TABLE-1.1 FACILITIES PROVIDED IN THE DREAM CITY FACILITIES LAND AREA (SQM) Commercial Business 768300 C1- Commercial (Diamond Bourse) 143800 C1- Commercial (Offices/Hospitality) 290347 C2- Commercial (Retail) 54658 C3- Peripheral Commercial 279495 Mixed Uses 261849 M1- Mixed Offices 76157 M2- Mixed Retail 101329 M3- Mixed Peripheral Commercial 84363 Institutional 43601 Residential 2009042 R1- Perimeter Residential Blocks 1837748 R2- Villas 70501 R3- Afforable Housing 100793 Public Amenities & Utilities 236844 Recreational 738558 G1- Gardens & Playgrounds/Open Plazas 296545 G2- Open Greens 442013 1 FACILITIES LAND AREA (SQM) Transportation 1170097 Total Land Use Area 5228291 Sports Park 177376 Surat Park 449213 Regional Arterial Roads (DP Roads, Backbone, NS 435492 & Westavenue) Area For Future Residential Development 61960 Area For Other Future Development (Metro Depot) 464494 Total Project Area 6816826 1.3 NEED FOR THE PROJECT The Government of Gujarat has initiated a planning process for the realisation of Diamond Research and Mercantile (DREAM) City at Surat. This Smart City is projected on a 681 hectares (Out of 681 ha. of total land, 561.98 ha. is allotted and remaining 119 ha. under possession) site in the southern part of Surat, adjacent to the village of Khajod, the Outer Ring Road and close to the Dumas airport. Dream City Surat will house Gujarat’s third smart city after GIFT City, near Gandhinagar and Dholera. Taking forward Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s concept of building 100 smart cities in the country, Gujarat Chief Minister Anandiben Patel laid the foundation stone for Diamond Research and Mercantile (DREAM) City, to be spread on the outskirts of the city. The DREAM City will mainly house an international diamond trading hub, Surat Diamond Bourse (SDB). Currently, Gujarat is having about 42 per cent urbanisation in the State. By 2030, the level of urbanisation in the State is projected to be around 60 per cent. Considering the pace of growth, require cities with advanced town planning, Surat has a strong economic basis with textile and diamond industry along with a booming industrial port area, and is growing very fast, resulting in a large demand for commercial and residential space. It is expected that offices, retail and leisure functions will look for new areas to settle outside the congested city centre. They will look for excellent accessibility, excellent amenities and utilities. 1.4 EMPLOYMENT GENERATION The proposed project will produce massive employment which will generate the demand for residential in close proximity. Expected employment generation is given in following chart. 2 CHAPTER – 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 TYPE OF PROJECT The proposed project is for area development project as per EIA notification 2006 and its subsequent amendments. DREAM City can aim on specific sections in the real estate market, for example, in the higher to top section for commercial, retail and residential. DREAM City will be attractive for various sectors such as Diamond, Gems & Jewellery and Certification & Testing and also Textiles. Other industries with a high potential are Hospitality, Healthcare, Financial Services and Skill Development. 2.2 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT WITH COORDINATES DREAM City project is located in the south-west of Surat in a coastal flood plain, on 5 km distance of the Dumas Airport and directly bordering to the 2 x 2 lane Outer Ring Road. In the east and south the project area is bordered by lands protected under the Coastal Regulations Zone (CRZ) regime. The project site has a random shape since the borders are determined by property lines and the CRZ zone. The proposed DREAM City is going to be developed at Block no. 177 & Others (List of others are given in Additional Attachments to Form-I), Khajod, Surat, Gujarat. The proposed project site is located at 21° 6'28.60"N latitude and 72°47'36.99"E longitude. General location of the proposed project site is shown in the below mentioned figure: FIGURE-2.1 GENERAL LOCATION OF THE PROJECT 3 2.3 SELECTION OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT SITE Site selection is an important criterion for development of any project. As this is an Area Development project, identification of suitable site is based on various considerations. The topography and existing elements on the site are surveyed and mapped. The resulting topographic maps are used as the basis for the Draft Master Plan. The entire site is merely flat with elevations ranging between and 2.5 m and 6.6 m above Mean Sea Level. The only road giving access to the DREAM City project location currently is the Outer Ring Road. From the city centre of Surat a series of roads connect with Outer Ring Road. The present landscape in the project area is almost featureless; it is a coastal flat, a merely derelict area without any large trees, buildings or other elements. There are some fresh water bodies but they are all man made as part of the waste disposal site. The most prominent features on the site are the present water tower, the solid waste disposal site and the power lines and pylons. Two small religious sites are present. 2.4 SIZE OF OPERATION Proposed project is area development project of ‘DREAM CITY’ having land area around 681 hectares (68,16,826 sq. mt.) Out of 681 ha. of total land, 561.98 ha. is allotted and remaining 119 ha. under possession. 2.5 AVAILABILITY OF WATER ITS SOURCE & POWER REQUIREMENT ITS SOURCE 2.5.1 WATER REQUIREMENT AND ITS SOURCE The main source of water supply will be Surat Municipal Corporation (SMC). Treated water will be supplied from SMC water. Total water requirement for the proposed project during operational phase will be 55 MLD. 2.5.2 POWER REQUIREMENT AND ITS SOURCE Power demand for various consumers in DREAM City i.e. residential, commercial and Diamond bourse is estimated on 370 MVA. It is anticipated that power supply shall be arranged from nearby 400 kV substation. DREAM City needs to have universal access to electricity 24x7. This may not be possible with the existing supply and distribution schemes in the state, which means that the existing network needs upgrading to cater for the growing demand. Power will be sourced from Dakshin Gujarat Vij Company Limited (DGVCL) and GETCO. 2.6 QUANTITY OF WASTES TO BE GENERATED AND THEIR DISPOSAL Around 45 MLD waste water will be generated from the proposed area development project and it will be treated in the proposed STP. Treated water will be reused for green area and for flushing purpose. One major STP is proposed to treat the waste water generated from different user groups at a centralized location so as to best utilize the treated waste water. The Plant is based on Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) Technology based on popularity. Unlike various processes of treatments the raw sewage as obtained for the treatment undergoes Physio-Chemical & Biological treatments. • Trunk sewers collecting sewage from several areas and conveying it to the STP; • Sewage pumping stations to transport sewage to trunk mains or treatment plants; • Recycle water distribution system to transport treated effluent to the users of recycled water • Outfall drains to transport surplus treated effluent to the final disposal point. The total sewage generation proposed for ultimate year (2041) is 135 MLD taking into account the infiltration losses of 5%. The land area needed for the proposed Sewage Treatment Plant location is 5-6 ha. 4 CHAPTER – 3 SITE ANALYSIS 3.1 CONNECTIVITY The only road giving access to the DREAM City project location currently is the Outer Ring Road. From the city centre of Surat a series of roads connect with Outer Ring Road. 3.1.1 Road Connectivity NH-228 is around 6.5 km in east direction from the proposed project site. 3.1.2 Rail The Area is well connected by Railway. Bhestan Railway Station is approximately 7.2 km from proposed project site in East direction while Surat is the nearest major railway station is around 9 km in north east direction. 3.1.3 Airport The nearest airport is Surat at approximately 5 km from the proposed site in west North West direction. 3.1.4 Communication Nearby locations have access of telephone, internet and mobile connectivity. 3.2 LAND USE AND LAND OWNERSHIP The proposed area development project is planned to be on Government waste land, total 681 hectares land (Out of 681 ha. of total land, 561.98 ha. is allotted and remaining 119 ha. under possession) will be utilized for the proposed area development project as Dream City. 3.3 LAND USE PATTERN Details of land use are given in the following table: TABLE-3.1 DETAILS OF LAND USE SR.NO. PARTICULAR NAME & ITS DISTANCE 1. Nearest National NH-228 is around 6.5 km in east direction Highway 2. Nearest city Project Site is located adjoining of Surat city. 3. Nearest River Tapi River is around 6.7 km from the project site in north direction. Mindhola Creek is around 0.5 km in east direction from the project site 4. Nearest Railway station Bhestan Railway Station is approximately 7.2 km from proposed project site in East direction Surat railway station is the nearest major railway station around 9 km in north east direction 6. Seismicity Zone III 5 3.4 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE The following are the infrastructure facilities availability and distance from site are given in the following table: TABLE-3.2 DETAILS OF SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE SR. NO. PARTICULAR DISTANCE 1. Hospital 2. Colleges Present within 15 3. School km radius. 4. Religious places 6 CHAPTER – 4 PLANNING BRIEF 4.1 PLANNING CONCEPT Only a comprehensive master plan for an integrated urban development will work. All aspects and sectoral issues involved in building a complete city have to be addressed. Programme and plan should be flexible and should be adjusted regularly to the ever changing circumstances and market preferences. Long term blue print plans won’t work. Also temporary use of lands can be used as a support for the over-all development of a new city. 4.2 LAND USE PLANNING For the proposed project Green Belt area development is going on at plot boundary, road side and Stretch of open land. Detailed plan layout is given in Additional Attachment to Form-I. Detailed land use breakup mentioned in the below mentioned table: TABLE-4.1 DETAILS OF LAND USE BREAKUP Land area Buildable Area Particular FSI Percentage Population Visitors (M2) (M2) Commercial Business 768300 - 15% 165990 34102 1780394 C1- Commercial (Diamond 143800 4 3% 57520 12654 575200 Bourse) C1- Commercial 290347 3 6% 87104 4355 871041 (Offices/Hospitality) C2- Commercial (Retail) 54658 1 1% 2733 2186 54658 C3- Peripheral Commercial 279495 1 5% 18633 14906 279495 Mixed Uses 261849 5% 53229 36490 963033 M1- Mixed Offices 76157 4 1% 20309 10154 304628 M2- Mixed Retail 101329 4 2% 20266 16213 405316 M3- Mixed Peripheral 84363 3 2% 12654 10124 253089 Commercial Institutional 43601 3 1% 6540 6540 130803 Residential 2009042 38% 256679 12834 4967250 R1- Perimeter Residential 1837748 2.5 35% 229719 11486 4594370 Blocks R2- Villas 70501 1 1% 1763 88 70501 R3- Affordable Housing 100793 3 2% 25198 1260 302379 Public Amenities & 236844 5% 236844 Utilities Recreational 738558 14% 23668 738558 G1- Gardens & 296545 6% 14827 Playgrounds/Open Plazas G2- Open Greens 442013 8% 8840 Transportation 1170097 22% Total Land Use Area 5228291 100% 31329 Sports Park 177376 8869 Surat Park 449213 22461 Regional Arterial Roads (DP Roads, Backbone, Ns & 435492 West avenue) 7 Land area Buildable Area Particular FSI Percentage Population Visitors (M2) (M2) Area For Future Residential 526454 1.8 921294.5 Development Total Project Area 6816826 - - 8 CHAPTER – 5 PROPOSED INFRASTRUCTURE 5.1 RESIDENTIAL AREA In the year 2025, as per proposed land-use for Master plan, land area of 681 hectares (Out of 681 ha. of total land, 561.98 ha. is allotted and remaining 119 ha. under possession) will result into about 4.8 lakh employees and residents generating 5.6 lakh trips from employees, residents and visitors. The assumptions on inhabitants/staff and visitors have been estimated on the basis of empirical studies. An average modal distribution of public to private vehicles (56%:44%) is taken as per existing travel characteristics, and resulting evening peak hour traffic per direction is expected to be 75-80,000 per- hour per direction (PHPD). TABLE-5.1 DETAILS OF UNITS Particular Land Area (M2) Commercial Business 768300 Mixed Uses 261849 Institutional 43601 Residential 2009042 R1- Perimeter Residential Blocks 1837748 R2- Villas 70501 R3- Affordable Housing 100793 Public Amenities & Utilities 236844 Recreational 738558 Transportation 1170097 Total Land Use Area 5228291 Sports Park 177376 Surat Park 449213 Regional Arterial Roads (DP Roads, 435492 Backbone, Ns &West avenue) Area For Future Residential Development 526454 Total Project Area 6816826 5.2 GREEN BELT DREAM City will be an extraordinary green city, based on a spatial framework of green roads and walkways, with green areas in all neighbourhoods and with a large share of green space in residential and commercial blocks in the form of courtyards or on the roofs of parking facilities. Special green features of the Surat Park and the sports park, the Diamond Esplanade, the Central Square and the West Metro Square. 5.3 CONNECTIVITY The proposed project site is well connected with the road, railway and air. 5.4 DRINKING WATER SOURCE The main source of water will be from SMC water supply system. 9 5.5 SEWERAGE SYSTEM The sewerage network is planned to collect the waste water from the farthest locations of the project area and transport it to the Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) which is proposed in the area occupied for the landfill site. The transport of waste water is planned either by gravity or by making use of pumps in the network. The sewage flow is estimated on the calculation i.e. 80% of return factor of water supply which will be around 45 MLD. The sewerage network is divided into various zones based on the best utilization of topography, natural boundaries and highways and economics of operation and maintenance. • Trunk sewers collecting sewage from several areas and conveying it to the STP; • Sewage pumping stations to transport sewage to trunk mains or treatment plants; • Recycle water distribution system to transport treated effluent to the users of recycled water • Outfall drains to transport surplus treated effluent to the final disposal point. 5.6 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT Door-to-Door Collection: The collection of waste from the households will be carried out by sanitary workers in containerized auto-tippers of capacity 1.1 cum/2.5 cum to facilitate segregated waste collection from the households as well as commercial units. This collection can either be done by RWAs, NGOs, private waste collectors or any other organization authorized by SMC. Waste will be collected from the households by auto tippers daily, covering around 700 households (including commercial areas) per auto-tipper per day. It is recommended to install containers (community bins) of appropriate capacity (1.1 cum / 4.5 cum) at strategic points for storage of waste received from primary waste collection. The 1.1 cum four- wheeled bins and 4.5 cum capacity metal bins designed for lifting by refuse compactors should be placed at the rate of 4 per sq.km area or 1 per 5000 population would be employed. 10 CHAPTER – 6 REHABILITATION AND RESETTLEMENT (R & R) PLAN The proposed area development project is going to be established on vacant land and there is no human population on this land, so there is no need of Rehabilitation and Resettlement Plan. 11 CHAPTER – 7 PROJECT SCHEDULE & COST ESTIMATES 7.1 PROJECT SCHEDULE Implementation of Project within a pre-determined time frame is an important factor for the success of a project. Timely implementation saves on various costs like interest, administrative overheads and helps to realize the goals as per pre-determined objectives. Implementation of Project involves co-ordination of different activities at various levels of the firm and amongst different outside agencies. Infrastructural cost and investment with time schedule. 7.2 ESTIMATED PROJECT COST Cost of the construction project was approx Rs. 29,981 Crore Sr. No. Details Cost (INR Crores) 1 Investments 25483/- 2 O & M costs 4498/- Total costs 29981/- 12 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 FOR OBTAINING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE Proposed Area Development Project “Dream City” Block No. 177 & Others, Khajod, Taluka Surat City, District Surat, Gujarat By Diamond Research and Mercantile (Dream) City Limited April 2018 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY INDEX ANNEXURE PARTICULARS PAGE NO. Annexure – 1 List of Other Block No. 3 Annexure – 2 Master Plan 4 Annexure – 3 Key Map 5 Annexure – 4 Soil Testing report 6 Annexure – 5 Government Orders 14 Annexure – 6 Land Allotment Order 17 Annexure – 7 Water Supply Letter 20 2 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY ANNEXURE – 1 LIST OF OTHER BLOCK NO. 3 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY ANNEXURE – 2 MASTER PLAN 4 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY ANNEXURE – 3 KEY MAP 5 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY ANNEXURE- 4 SOIL TESTING REPORT 6 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY ANNEXURE- 4 SOIL TESTING REPORT (CONT.) 7 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY ANNEXURE- 4 SOIL TESTING REPORT (CONT.) 8 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY ANNEXURE- 4 SOIL TESTING REPORT (CONT.) 9 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY ANNEXURE- 4 SOIL TESTING REPORT (CONT.) 10 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY ANNEXURE- 4 SOIL TESTING REPORT (CONT.) 11 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY ANNEXURE- 4 SOIL TESTING REPORT (CONT.) 12 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY ANNEXURE- 4 SOIL TESTING REPORT (CONT.) 13 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY ANNEXURE-5 GOVERNMENT ORDERS 14 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY 15 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY 16 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY ANNEXURE-6 LAND ALLOTMENT ORDER 17 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY 18 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY 19 ADDITIONAL ATTACHMENTS TO FORM-1 OF DREAM CITY ANNEXURE-7 WATER SUPPLY LETTER 20