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Transitions in Energy Efficiency and Demand Provides an Important Contri- Bution to the Energy Transition Literature, Correcting the Usual Bias Towards Energy Supply

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Transitions in Energy Efficiency and Demand Provides an Important Contri- Bution to the Energy Transition Literature, Correcting the Usual Bias Towards Energy Supply ‘Transitions in Energy Efficiency and Demand provides an important contri- bution to the energy transition literature, correcting the usual bias towards energy supply. Drawing on case studies of innovation, it highlights demand- side innovations in system change; and by using sociotechnical approaches, the case studies avoid the trap of thinking of innovation simply in terms of technical fixes.’ Nick Eyre, Professor, University of Oxford, UK ‘Transitions in Energy Efficiency and Demand is at the forefront of research on energy innovation and energy demand, providing new and in- depth insights into both technological and social change across a range of domains. Essential reading for scholars, policy makers, business leaders, stu- dents, and anyone else interested in a low-carbon, energy- efficient and low- demand energy transition.’ Marilyn Brown, Professor, Georgia Tech, USA Transitions in Energy Efficiency and Demand Meeting the goals enshrined in the Paris Agreement and limiting global temper- ature increases to less than 2°C above pre- industrial levels demands rapid reduc- tions in global carbon dioxide emissions. Reducing energy demand has a central role in achieving this goal, but existing policy initiatives have been largely incremental in terms of the technological and behavioural changes they encour- age. Against this background, this book develops a sociotechnical approach to the challenge of reducing energy demand and illustrates this with a number of empirical case studies from the United Kingdom. In doing so, it explores the emergence, diffusion and impact of low- energy innovations, including electric vehicles and smart meters. The book has the dual aim of improving the aca- demic understanding of sociotechnical transitions and energy demand and pro- viding practical recommendations for public policy. Combining an impressive range of contributions from key thinkers in the field, this book will be of great interest to energy students, scholars and decision- makers. Kirsten E.H. Jenkins is a Lecturer in Human Geography and Sustainable Development within the School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, UK. Debbie Hopkins is jointly appointed by the Transport Studies Unit and the School of Geography and the Environment at the University of Oxford (UK) as a Departmental Research Lecturer. Routledge Studies in Energy Transitions Considerable interest exists today in energy transitions. Whether one looks at diverse efforts to decarbonize, or strategies to improve the access levels, security and innovation in energy systems, one finds that change in energy systems is a prime priority. Routledge Studies in Energy Transitions aims to advance the thinking which underlies these efforts. The series connects distinct lines of inquiry from plan- ning and policy, engineering and the natural sciences, history of technology, STS, and management. In doing so, it provides primary references that function like a set of international, technical meetings. Single and co-authored mono- graphs are welcome, as well as edited volumes relating to themes, like resilience and system risk. Series Editor: Dr. Kathleen Araújo, Boise State University and Energy Policy Institute, Center for Advanced Energy Studies (US) Series Advisory Board Morgan Bazilian, Colorado School of Mines (US) Thomas Birkland, North Carolina State University (US) Aleh Cherp, Central European University (CEU, Budapest) and Lund Univer- sity (Sweden) Mohamed El-Ashry, UN Foundation Jose Goldemberg, Universidade de Sao Paolo (Brasil) and UN Development Program, World Energy Assessment Michael Howlett, Simon Fraser University (Canada) Jon Ingimarsson, Landsvirkjun, National Power Company (Iceland) Michael Jefferson, ESCP Europe Business School Jessica Jewell, IIASA (Austria) Florian Kern, Institut für Ökologische Wirtschaftsforschung (Germany) Derk Loorbach, DRIFT (Netherlands) Jochen Markard, ETH (Switzerland) Nabojsa Nakicenovic, IIASA (Austria) Martin Pasqualetti, Arizona State University, School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning (US) Mark Radka, UN Environment Programme, Energy, Climate, and Technology Rob Raven, Utrecht University (Netherlands) Roberto Schaeffer, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Energy Planning Program, COPPE (Brasil) Miranda Schreurs, Technische Universität Mūnchen, Bavarian School of Public Policy (Germany) Vaclav Smil, University of Manitoba and Royal Society of Canada (Canada) Benjamin Sovacool, Science Policy Research Unit (SPRU), University of Sussex (UK) How Power Shapes Energy Transitions in Southeast Asia A Complex Governance Challenge Jens Marquardt Energy and Economic Growth Why We Need a New Pathway to Prosperity Timothy J Foxon Accelerating Sustainable Energy Transition(s) in Developing Countries The Challenges of Climate Change and Sustainable Development Laurence L. Delina Petroleum Industry Transformations Lessons from Norway and Beyond Edited by Taran Thune, Ole Andreas Engen and Olav Wicken Sustainable Energy Transformations, Power and Politics Morocco and the Mediterranean Sharlissa Moore Energy as a Sociotechnical Problem An Interdisciplinary Perspective on Control, Change, and Action in Energy Transitions Edited by Christian Büscher, Jens Schippl and Patrick Sumpf Transitions in Energy Efficiency and Demand The Emergence, Diffusion and Impact of Low- Carbon Innovation Edited by Kirsten E.H. Jenkins and Debbie Hopkins For more information about this series, please visit: www.routledge.com/ Routledge- Studies-in- Energy-Transitions/book- series/RSENT Transitions in Energy Efficiency and Demand The Emergence, Diffusion and Impact of Low- Carbon Innovation Edited by Kirsten E.H. Jenkins and Debbie Hopkins First published 2019 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2019 selection and editorial matter, Kirsten E.H. Jenkins and Debbie Hopkins; individual chapters, the contributors The right of Kirsten E.H. Jenkins and Debbie Hopkins to be identified as the authors of the editorial matter, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis. com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution- Non Commercial- No Derivatives 4.0 license. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing- in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging- in-Publication Data A catalog record has been requested for this book ISBN: 978-0-8153-5678-3 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-351-12726-4 (ebk) Typeset in Goudy by Wearset Ltd, Boldon, Tyne and Wear Contents List of figures xii List of tables xiii Notes on contributors xiv Preface xix 1 Introduction: new directions in energy demand research 1 K irsten E . H . J enkins , S teve S orrell , DEBBIE HOPKINS AND CAMERON ROBERTS PART I Analytical perspectives 13 2 Of emergence, diffusion and impact: a sociotechnical perspective on researching energy demand 15 F rank W . G eels , B enjamin K . S ovacool AND STEVE SORRELL 3 A normative approach to transitions in energy demand: an energy justice and fuel poverty case study 34 KIRSTEN E.H. JENKINS AND MARI MARTISKAINEN PART II The emergence and diffusion of innovations 51 4 Electric vehicles and the future of personal mobility in the United Kingdom 53 NOAM BERGMAN 5 Experimentation with vehicle automation 72 DEBBIE HOPKINS AND TIM SCHWANEN x Contents 6 The United Kingdom smart meter rollout through an energy justice lens 94 KIRSTEN E.H. JENKINS, BENJAMIN K. SOVACOOL AND SABINE HIELSCHER 7 Overcoming the systemic challenges of retrofitting residential buildings in the United Kingdom: a Herculean task? 110 DONAL BROWN, PAULA KIVIMAA, JAN ROSENOW AND MARI MARTISKAINEN PART III Societal impacts and co- benefits 131 8 Exergy economics: new insights into energy consumption and economic growth 133 PAUL BROCKWAY, STEVE SORRELL, TIM FOXON AND JACK MILLER 9 Energy- saving innovations and economy- wide rebound effects 156 G ioele F igus , K aren T urner and ANTONIOS KATRIS PART IV Policy mixes and implications 175 10 Political acceleration of sociotechnical transitions: lessons from four historical case studies 177 CAMERON ROBERTS AND FRANK W. GEELS 11 The challenge of effective energy efficiency policy in the United Kingdom 195 JANETTE WEBB 12 Policy mixes for sustainable energy transitions: the case of energy efficiency 215 F lorian K ern , P aula K ivimaa , K aroline R ogge AND JAN ROSENOW 13 Managing energy and climate transitions in theory and practice: a critical systematic review of Strategic Niche Management 235 KIRSTEN E.H. JENKINS AND BENJAMIN K. SOVACOOL Contents xi PART V Conclusion 259 14 Conclusion: towards systematic reductions in energy demand 261 K irsten E . H . J enkins , D ebbie H opkins and CAMERON ROBERTS Index 274 Figures 2.1 Multi- level perspective on transitions – illustrating the emergence, diffusion and impact of radical innovations as three consecutive circles 19 4.1 Timeline of the central vision 61 5.1 Local projects and emerging technical trajectories 75 6.1 Key components of the smart meter communication service and service providers 95 7.1 Key systemic challenges
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