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Anxiety Disorders

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Anxiety Disorders Health and wellness tips for your work, home and life—brought to you by the insurance specialists at Lawley Mental Health: Anxiety Disorders Anxiety disorders affect over can occur at any time – even to people with whom they during sleep. About one-third used to be close), lose interest 57 million adults in America – of people who experience in things they used to enjoy, more than 26 percent of the panic attacks become so and become irritable, fearful that they refuse to aggressive or violent. They U.S. population. leave home. When the avoid situations which remind condition progresses this far, them of the original incident, About Anxiety Disorders it is called agoraphobia – a and anniversaries of the Anxiety disorders commonly fear of open spaces. incident are usually very occur in conjunction with other difficult. PTSD affects nearly 8 mental or physical illnesses, Obsessive-Compulsive million adults in the United last at least six months and Disorder (OCD) States, but can occur at any can get worse without OCD sufferers have persistent, age. treatment. There are six types upsetting thoughts or of anxiety disorders: panic obsessions, and use rituals to Social Phobia disorder, obsessive- control the anxiety these Also called social anxiety compulsive disorder, post- thoughts produce. Most often, disorder, social phobia is traumatic stress disorder, the rituals end up controlling diagnosed when individuals social phobia, specific phobia the person with OCD. For become overwhelmingly and generalized anxiety example, if someone is anxious and excessively self- disorder. obsessed with germs and dirt, conscious in everyday social he or she may develop a situations. People with this Panic Disorder compulsion for excessive hand phobia have an intense, This condition affects about 6 washing. OCD is estimated to persistent and chronic fear of million U.S. adults – and is affect over 2 million adults in being watched and judged by twice as common in women. It the United States. others and of doing things is characterized by sudden attacks of terror – known as Post-Traumatic Stress panic attacks – which are Disorder (PTSD) usually accompanied by a PTSD develops after a pounding heart, sweating, traumatic event or experience dizziness and/or weakness. that involved physical harm or During these attacks, sufferers the threat of it. PTSD is may flush or feel chilled, their common in war veterans, but hands may tingle or feel numb it can result from a variety of and nausea or chest pain may traumatic incidents, such as occur. Panic attacks usually kidnapping, abuse or a car produce a sense of unreality, accident. People with PTSD a fear of impending doom or a may startle easily, become fear of losing control. They emotionally numb (especially that will embarrass them. months. Physical symptoms www.nimh.nih.gov or They may worry for days or accompanying this condition 866-615-NIMH (6464). even weeks before a dreaded include fatigue, headaches, situation. Many with social irritability, nausea, frequent Source: NIMH phobia realize that their fear is urination and hot flashes. unwarranted, but are still unable to overcome it. This Diagnosis and Treatment phobia affects about 15 million In general, anxiety disorders American adults. are treated with medication, specific types of Specific Phobias psychotherapy or both. Before A specific phobia is an intense, treatment begins, a doctor irrational fear of something must conduct a careful that actually poses little or no diagnostic evaluation to threat – such as heights, determine whether a person’s escalators, dogs, spiders, symptoms are caused by an closed-in places or water. anxiety disorder or a physical These types of phobias affect problem. Sometimes over 19 million adults in the alcoholism, depression or United States and affect other coexisting conditions women twice as often as men. have such a strong effect on Like social phobia, sufferers the individual that treating the understand that these fears anxiety disorder must wait are irrational, but feel until those conditions are powerless to stop them. The brought under control. causes of these phobias are Those with anxiety disorders not well understood, but usually try several different symptoms usually appear in treatments or combinations of childhood or adolescence and treatment before finding the continue into adulthood. one that works for them. Generalized Anxiety How to Get Help Disorder (GAD) If you think you have an People with GAD go through anxiety disorder, the first step the day filled with to take is to visit your exaggerated worry and physician. He or she can tension, even when there is determine if your symptoms little or nothing to worry are caused by an anxiety about. An estimated 6.8 disorder, another medical million American adults have condition or both. If an GAD, and it also affects anxiety disorder is diagnosed, women twice as often as men. you will be referred to a GAD is diagnosed when a mental health professional. person worries excessively For more information, contact about a variety of everyday the National Institute of problems for at least 6 Mental Health (NIMH) at Did You Know...? Each anxiety disorder has different symptoms, but all the symptoms cluster around excessive, irrational fear and dread. It is important to seek treatment if fear is a daily component of your life. This brochure is for informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. For further information, please consult a medical professional. © 2007-2010 Zywave, Inc. All rights reserved. .
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  • Clinically Significant Avoidance of Public
    Journal of Anxiety Disorders 23 (2009) 1170–1176 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Anxiety Disorders Clinically significant avoidance of public transport following the London bombings: Travel phobia or subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder? Rachel V. Handley a,*, Paul M. Salkovskis a, Peter Scragg b, Anke Ehlers a a King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Psychology, and Centre for Anxiety Disorders and Trauma, London, UK b Trauma Clinic, London, UK ARTICLEI NFO ABSTRA CT Article history: Following the London bombings of 7 July 2005 a ‘‘screen and treat’’ program was set up with the aim of Received 6 March 2008 providing rapid treatment for psychological responses in individuals directly affected. The present study Received in revised form 28 July 2009 found that 45% of the 596 respondents to the screening program reported phobic fear of public transport Accepted 28 July 2009 in a screening questionnaire. The screening program identified 255 bombing survivors who needed treatment for a psychological disorder. Of these, 20 (8%) suffered from clinically significant travel phobia. Keywords: However, many of these individuals also reported symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD]. Terrorist violence Comparisons between the travel phobia group and a sex-matched group of bombing survivors with PTSD Specific phobia showed that the travel phobic group reported fewer re-experiencing and arousal symptoms on the Posttraumatic stress disorder Screening Trauma Screening Questionnaire (Brewin et al., 2002). The only PTSD symptoms that differentiated the groups were anger problems and feeling upset by reminders of the bombings. There was no difference between the groups in the reported severity of trauma or in presence of daily transport difficulties.
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  • Specific Phobias
    Specific Phobias Fact sheet 38 Fact sheet 38 What is a speciFic phobia? Concern or fear about certain situations, activities, animals or objects is not uncommon. Many people feel anxious when faced with a snake or spider, or travelling by plane. Fear is a rational response in certain situations. However, some people react to objects, activities or situations (the phobic stimulus) by imagining or irrationally exaggerating the danger, resulting in panic, fear or terror that is out of proportion to the actual threat. Sometimes, even the thought of, or simply seeing the phobic stimulus on television, is enough to cause a reaction. These types of excessive reactions may be indicative of a Specific Phobia. People with Specific Phobias are often well aware that their fears are exaggerated or irrational, but feel that their anxious reaction is automatic or they are not able to control it. When exposed to the phobic stimulus, anxiety can reach excessive levels. Specific Phobias are often associated with panic attacks, during which the person experiences and is overwhelmed by physical sensations that may include a pounding heart, choking, nausea, faintness, dizziness, chest pain, hot or cold flushes and perspiration. For more information on panic sttacks, see beyondblue Fact sheet – 36 panic Disorder. Specific Phobias are generally divided into the following categories: signs anD symptoms • Animal type: fear that relates to animal or insects A person may have a Specific Phobia if he/she: (e.g. fear of dogs or spiders). • Has a persistent fear that is excessive and unreasonable • Natural-Environment type: a fear associated with the in relation to a specific object, activity or situation, such as natural environment (e.g.
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  • Specific Phobia of Illness:: Search for a New Subtype
    Anxiety Disorders 18 (2004) 531–545 Specific phobia of illness: Search for a new subtype Russell Noyes Jr.*, Caroline P. Carney, Douglas R. Langbehn Departments of Biostatistics, Psychiatry and Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver Colleges of Medicine and Public Health, Iowa City, IA 52242-1000, USA Received 13 December 2002; received in revised form 2 June 2003; accepted 20 June 2003 Abstract Specific phobia of illness makes its appearance in DSM-IVas a new diagnostic subtype, separate from hypochondriasis. A review of the literature indicates that, while there is some support for this new category, studies have not as yet been done that could provide validation. Illness phobia appears to be a significant problem; it is prevalent in the general population and is associated with distress and impairment, including interference with medical care. It appears to be associated with older age, physical illness, and female gender. Group comparisons are needed showing that persons with this phobia can be distinguished from hypochondriasis on the basis of these and other demographic and illness features. We outline a research agenda for demonstrating this separation. # 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords: Specific phobia; Illness phobia; Hypochondriasis; Classification Illness phobia first appears in DSM-IV under the heading of specific phobia, other type (American Psychiatric Association, 1994). There it is defined as an unreasonable fear of contracting a disease and distinguished from hypochon- driasis. According to this classification, illness phobics fear developing a disease they do not have, whereas persons with hypochondriasis are preoccupied with a disease they believe is already present (American Psychiatric Associa- tion, 1991).
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  • List of Phobias and Simple Cures.Pdf
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