Pakistaniaat: a Journal of Pakistan Studies ISSN 1948-6529; EISSN 1946-5343
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PAKISTANIAAT A Journal of Pakistan Studies Volume 2, Number 1, 2010 ISSN 1948-6529; EISSN 1946-5343 http://pakistaniaat.org Sponsored by the American Institute of Pakistan Studies Pakistaniaat: A Journal of Pakistan Studies ISSN 1948-6529; EISSN 1946-5343 Pakistaniaat is a refereed, multidisciplinary, open-access academic journal, published semiannually in June and December, that offers a forum for a serious academic and cre- ative engagement with various aspects of Pakistani history, culture, literature, and politics. Editor Proofreaders Masood A. Raja Jason Gosnell, Andrew J. Smith, and Elizabeth Hays Tussey Section Editors Masood A. Raja, David Waterman, Deborah Advisory Review Committee Hall, Jana Russ, Mahwash Shoaib, and Zahid Shahab Ahmed, Zia Ahmed, Robin Yousaf Alamgirian L. Bellinson, Charles Boewe, Cara Cilano, Anila Daulatzai, Leslie Fadiga-Stewart, Layout Editor Saadia Zahra Gardezi, Waqar Haider Jason W. Ellis Hashmi, Muhammed Hassanali, David Murad, Mustafa Qadri, Naeem Ashraf Raja, Editorial Coordinator and Zahid Shariff Swaralipi Nandi Editorial Board Chief Coordinator, Pakistan Bureau Tahera Aftab, Fawzia Afzal-Khan, Waseem Waqar Haider Hashmi Anwar, Kamran Asdar Ali, Katherine Ewing, Robin Goodman, Pervez Hoodbhoy, Copyeditors Babacar M’Baye, Mojtaba Mahdavi, Hafeez Zahid Shahab Ahmed, Robin L. Bellinson, Malik, Muhammad Umar Memon, Tariq Jenny Caneen, Benjamin Kyle Gundy, Rahman, Amit Rai, Amritjit Singh, and Abroo Khan, Kolter Kiess, Abid Masood, Anita Weiss. Adam R. McKee, David Murad, Sohomjit Ray, Dennis W. Reed, and Mashhood Ahmed Sheikh Access Pakistaniaat online at http://pakistaniaat.org. You may contact the journal by mail at: Pakistaniaat, Department of English, Kent State Univeristy, Kent, OH 44242, United States, or email the editor at: [email protected]. The views presented in Pakistaniaat are those of the respective authors and should not be construed as the official views of anyone associated with the journal. All works published in Pakistaniaat are covered by a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No De- rivative Works 3.0 United States License. Pakistaniaat: A Journal of Pakistan Studies Volume 2, Number 1, March 2010 Contributors Rizwan Akhtar is currently a PhD candidate at the University of Essex. His po- ems have appeared in Poetry Salzburg Review, Poetry NZ,Poesia,Wasafiri(forthco ming), decanto(forthcoming), tinfoildresses and a few have been anthologised by Poetry Forward Press, UK. Shaikh Muhammad Ali (BSEET, MBM) has a Bachelors in Electronics Engi- neering from University of Southern Colorado, USA and a Masters in Business Management from the Asian Institute of Management, Manila, Philippines. After having worked in the private sector locally & abroad for almost fourteen years, he is now working as the senior most Project Director (HRD) for the Higher Educa- tion Commission (HEC) for the last 6.10 years and is currently managing foreign scholarship programs for faculty development of Public sector universities in Pakistan and is also experimenting with the concept of Change Management. Sara Bano is a Teacher Trainee, Graduate Program, Department of English, Fac- ulty of Education, Iwate University, Japan. Saadia Zahra Gardezi is an independent researcher and freelance graphic de- signer with a Masters in International Political Economy from Warwick Univer- sity, UK. Muhammed Hassanali is an independent scholar who lives and works in Cleve- land, Ohio. Rajesh Kochhar is CSIR Emeritus Scientist, Indian Institute of Science Educa- tion and Research, Chandigarh India. Muhhammad Umar Memon is professor emeritus of Urdu, Persian, and Islamic Studies at University Of Wisconsin, Madison and editor of the Annual of Urdu Studies. Muhammad A. Nisar is a Fulbright Scholar at UC Berkeley. He is pursuing a joint degree in Public Policy and International Area Studies. His research focuses on educational policy and religion in Pakistan. He is from Pakistan and also holds a Masters degree in Economics from Punjab University. Pakistaniaat: A Journal of Pakistan Studies Vol. 2, No. 1 (2010) Masood Ashraf Raja is an Assistant Professor of Postcolonial Literature and Theory at Kent State University, United States and the author of Constructing Pakistan (Forthcoming from Oxford UP). His critical essays have been published in journals including South Asian Review, Digest of Middle East Studies, Carib- bean Studies, Muslim Public Affairs Journal, and Mosaic. He is currently working on his second book, entitled Secular Fundamentalism: Poetics of Incitement and the Muslim Sacred. Sohomjit Ray is a Ph.D. student in English Literature at Kent State University. Mike Unher is an Associate Professor, Department of English, Faculty of Educa- tion at Iwate University, Japan. Kamila Shamsie is an established Pakistani author, who lives in London and Karachi. She has a BA in Creative Writing from Hamilton College in Clinton New York, where she has also taught Creative Writing, and a MFA from the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. She also writes for The Guardian, The New States- man, Index on Censorship and Prospect magazine, and broadcasts on radio. This excerpt is from her most recent published novel. David Waterman is Maître de conférences in English at the Université de La Rochelle, France, as well as a member of the research team CLIMAS (Cultures and Literatures of the English Speaking World) at the Université Michel de Mon- taigne, Bordeaux III, France. Louis Werner, a free-lance writer and filmmaker living in New York, is a contrib- uting editor at Américas, the cultural bimonthly of the Organization of American States. He can be reached at [email protected]. Asad Zaman (BS MIT 74, Ph. D. Stanford 78) is a professor of Economics at International Islamic University, Islamabad. Pakistaniaat: A Journal of Pakistan Studies Vol. 2, No. 1 (2010) Pakistaniaat: A Journal of Pakistan Studies Vol. 2, No. 1 (2010) Table of Contents Articles Reconciling Religion: Bulleh Shah, Ralph Waldo Emerson and the American Transcendentalist Tradition Mike Unher, Sara Bano ............................................................................................1 Sufi Influence on Pakistani Politics and Culture Muhammed Hassanali ............................................................................................23 Education, Religion and the Creation of Subject: Different Educational Systems of Pakistan Muhammad A Nisar ...............................................................................................46 English Education in India: Hindu Anamnesis versus Muslim Torpor Rajesh Kochhar ......................................................................................................62 Reviews Nicholas Schmidle’s To Live or to Perish Forever David Waterman ....................................................................................................87 Daniyal Mueenuddin’s In Other Rooms, Other Wonders Sohomjit Ray .........................................................................................................90 Notes and Commentaries Mushaira: Pakistan’s Festival of Poetry Louis Werner ..........................................................................................................95 Celebration on the Birth of a Second Child Through ‘ATAN’ Shaikh Muhammad Ali ........................................................................................101 Our Traditional Educational Systems Asad Zaman .........................................................................................................104 Pakistaniaat: A Journal of Pakistan Studies Vol. 2, No. 1 (2010) Poetry and Prose An Excerpt from Burnt Shadows: A Novel Kamila Shamsie ...................................................................................................107 Escape on Ferozpur Road Saadia Zahra Gardezi ...........................................................................................115 A half-rhymed tale of a Punjabi Girl Rizwan Akhtar .....................................................................................................118 Translations The King Buzzard--Bano Qudsia’s Raja Gidh Masood Ashraf Raja .............................................................................................122 Zaheer Kashmiri: My Life, My Art Muhhammad Umar Memon .................................................................................140 Notable Pakistan-Related Texts List of Recent Pakistan-Related Texts David Waterman ..................................................................................................152 Lahore With Love by Fawzia Afzal-Khan, Syracuse UP .....................................154 Pakistaniaat: A Journal of Pakistan Studies Vol. 2, No. 1 (2010) Reconciling Religion: Bulleh Shah, Ralph Waldo Emerson and the American Transcendentalist Tradition By Mike Unher and Sara Bano Introduction Much has been written regarding the influence of Persian and other Islamic poets on the literature and thought of Ralph Waldo Emerson. It has been revealed in much of his work that a strong line ran from Sufi poets such as Rumi and Hafiz through Em- erson’s own corpus of essays, prose and poetry. In fact, it is now apparent that Em- erson was the first so-called Western author to have incorporated—indeed, to have been immensely influenced by—those and other ‘seers and sayers’ of the East. His translations of Hafiz and others, as well as his juxtaposition of Persian verse with his own, are clear indications that Emerson drew his muses from a deep and distant wellspring