EurAsian Journal of BioSciences Eurasia J Biosci 14, 7527-7535 (2020)

Revision checklist of miscid (diptera, ) of Iraq

Hanaa H. Al-Saffar 1*

1 Iraq Natural History Research Center and Museum, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, IRAQ *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract This revision about muscid flies showed (47) belonging to (21) genera under (6) subfamilies. The specimens were collected from several regions of Iraq during January – December, 2019. The date and localities of specimen's collections were recorded. The species were diagnosed by author and using several specimens was stored at department of Entomology and invertebrates in the Iraq Natural History Research Centre and Museum, University of Baghdad. In so previsioned the previous list of in Iraq and update them with their synonyms.

Keywords: checklist, Diptera, Iraq, muscid flies

Al-Saffar HH (2020) Revision checklist of miscid flies (diptera, muscidae) of Iraq. Eurasia J Biosci 14: 7527-7535.

© 2020 Al-Saffar This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.

INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS Muscidae Laetrile, 1902, is a large family of suborder (Diptera) which wide distributed through the Many specimens of house flies were collected by world and called house or stable flies due to their sweeping net in various habitats from several regions of synanthropy. The family is consist of 4,500 species Iraq during 2019; also I used the unidentified species that belonging to 180 genera (Kilimesova et al.,2016), but most stored in Iraq Natural History Museum. Then the flies were species not synanthropic can be predatory, saprophagus, killed by freezing for 24 hours. Specimens were mounted haematophagus and entomophagus. with insect pin and kept in insect collection boxes till The most important species of the family was house diagnosed. The classifications of subfamilies according to domestica L. as a pest of human health, poultry and Makovetskaya and Vikhrev(2019) and Sorokina and livestock. House flies as transmission several types Ovtshinnikova, 2020). of diseases causing by bacteria (Escheria coli, Salmonela, For identifications and diagnosed the genera and Shigella spp.), protozoa, amoeba, helminthes and enteric species by using Used several taxonomic keys such as: parasites, and found to be carries of bird flu virus. (Iqbal et Curran, 1965; d’Assis-Fonseca,1968; Oldroyd,1970; Pont al.,2014). and Magpayo, 1995;, Couri,2007; Nihei and de Carvalho, Several species of the family as pest on the graminae 2009; Couri et al.,2012; Gregor et al.,2016; Muller,2015; plant wich caused damage the hall plant such as Muller and Mostovski,2018; Sawaby et al.,2018. spp. (Pont, 1981), and some species important The specimens were deposited in Department of in forensic cases such as Musca domestica L. and Musca Entomology and Invertebrates, Iraq Natural History sorben (Grzywacz et al., 2017), spp. Al- Ashbal Research Center and Museum, University of Baghdad. et al 2020a. The larvae feeding on carcasses and decaying materials. RESULTS and DISCUSSION The adult members of muscid flies can be diagnosed This survey of muscid flies showed (47)species from external features, body dark grey - whitish grey but belonging to (21) genera under(6) subfamilies. As fallow: some species shining green or blue; antennal Pedicle with Subfamily, Atherigoninae Fan, 1965 longitudinal fissure, arista is plumose, pubescent or bare; : Atherigona Ronadani, 1956 lacking the bristles on hypopleuron; first anal vein not reach 1- Atherigona aberrans Malloch,1923 the wing margin but extend more than half the distance Material examined: not found in this survey. between the basal and wing margin; hind tibia without true Distribution: Iraq (Derwesh,1965); Burkina Faso submedian dorsal bristle; female abdominal without post (Zongo et al.,1991). abdominal spiracles of (6,7,8,) segments.(Robacck, 1951; Borror and Delong, 1954; Curran, 1965; Imms, 1977; Received: May 2019 Pont,1986 and Scudder and Cannings, 2006). Accepted: March 2020 Printed: December 2020

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Material examined: (22specimens), Baghdad, 2- Atherigona levigata (Loew,1852) 5♂♂,10♀♀, 15.xi.2019; Kufa, 3♂♂,4♀♀. from alfalfa plant. Synonyms: Atherigona minuta Schnabl & Dziedzicki, Distribution: Iraq(El-Haidari et al.,1972); Lebanon 1911 (Hennig,1961); Syria(El-Hariri,1968); Armenia(Pont et al., Atherigona scutellaris Stein, 1903 2005); Iran(Zielke, 2017). laevigata Loew, 1852 Material Examined: (20 specimens): Karbala province, Subfamily: Azeliinae Robineau-Devoidy,1830 Karbala, 6♂♂, and Al-Hindiya District, 4♀♀, 20.xi2019.; Genus: Hydrotaea Robineau-Devoidy,1830 Kufa, 5♂♂, 5 ♀♀, from alfalfa plant, 19.xi.2019. 8- Hydrotaea aenescens (Wiedemann, 1830) Distribution: Iraq (Al-Saffar,2003, 2013); Synonyms: Anthomyia aenescens Wiedemann, 1830 Jordan(Pont,1986); South Africa(Muller,2014, 2015); Saudi Crossopalpus aenescens (Wiedemann, 1830) Arabia(El-Hawagry et al.,2016); Mali(Muller and Ophyra trochanterata Malloch, 1932 Mostovski,2018). Common name: America black dump fly Distribution: Iraq(Al-Ashbal et al.,2020a); 3- Atherigona oreintalis Schiner, 1868 America(Sabrosky,1949);Hungary (Faraks and Common name: pepper fruit fly Jantnyik, 1990); Britian and Irlend(Pont et al.,2007); Material examined: (25 specimens from alfalfa Turkey(Vikhrev, 2008; Argentina(Patitocci et al.,2010) plant):Baghdad, Al-Taji district 10 ♂♂, 5♀♀,20.v.2019; as Ophyra aenescens Pprtugal(Prado et al.,2012); Wasit, Al-Hufryia district 2♀♀, 3♀♀,17.vi.2019; Argentina (Patiticciet al., 2013); Finland(Kahapää and Karbala,5♀♀, 11.xi.2019. Harrot, 2014);); Weastren Palaerctic Region(Grzywacz Distribution: Iraq(Kaddou,1967; Pont,1986, 1992); et al., 2017) and Bulgaria (Zeilk,2018). Belarus Saudi Arabia (Pont, 1991a)Philippine Islands (Pont and (Makovetskaya et al.,2019). Magpayo,1995); India (Bharti,2008); Nicaragua(Nihei et al.,2009); Paraguay(Schühli et al., 2011); Namibia(Couri 9- Hydrotaea albuquerquei Lopes,1985 et al.,2012); (Cabrera-Canovea et al., 2019). Synonyms: Ophyra albuquerquei Lopes,1985

Common name: black dump fly 4- Atherigona pulla (Wiedemann, 1830) Distribution: Iraq(Al-Ashbal et al.,2020a); Brasil Synonyms: Atherigona destructor Malloch, 1923 (Carvalho, 2002); Neotropica region(de Carvalho et al., Coenosia pulla Wiedemann, 1830 2006); (Carvalho, and Mello-Patiu,2008); Orthostylum rufipes Macquart, 1851. Peru(Fernández, 2018); Israel(Giordani et al 2019).

Material examined: not found in this survey. Genus: Robineau- Desvoidy, 1830 Distribution: Iraq (Geeming,1979); Turkey (Pont, 10- Muscina prolapsa (Harris, 1780) 1986); Oreintal and Afrotropical regions(Pont,1991b); India Synonyms: Musca caesia Meigen, 1826 (Bharti,2008); South Africa (Muller,2015); Mali (Muller and Musca pabulorum Fallen, 1817 Mostovski,2018). Musca prolapsa Harris, 1780

Musca prolapsor Harris, 1780 5- Rondani,1871. Muscina pabulorum (Fallén, 1817) =Atherigona indica Malloch, 1923 Material Examined: (4 specimens), Baghdad, 2♂♂, Atherigona infuscata Emden, 1940 2♀♀, 5.iv.2019. Common name: shoot fly Distribution: Iraq (Pont,1986, Abdul Rassoul,1969 as Material examined: (31specimens): Baghdad city, Muscina Pabulorum Fallen,1817); Palaearctic, Nearctic, 5♂♂, 6♀♀, 25.iii.2019 from alfalfa plant; Kut city, 3♂♂, Afrotropical regions (Pont,1991); Finland (Kahanpää and, 2♀♀15.xi.2019; Kufa, 15♀♀,25.xi.2019 from corn field. Haarto, 2014);Belarus (Makovetskaya and Vikhrev2019). Distributions: Iraq(Khalaf and Al-Omar,1974 and recorded as Athetigona indica, by Rashmandra Rao,1925); 11-Muscina stabulans Fallen, 1817 Saudi Arabia(Pont,1991a); Philippine Islands (Pont and Synonyms: Musca stabulans Fallen,1817 Magpayo,1995); India; (Bharti,2008); South Muscina prodeo, Harris,1780. Africa(Muller,2014, 2015); Mali (Muller and Material examined: (40 specimens); Baghdad, Al-Taji Mostovski,2018). 4♂♂, 8♀♀,3.iii.2019 from rabbit carcasses; kut, 5♂♂, 4♀♀,

5.iv.2019; Nagaf, 6♂♂, 8♀♀,21.iv.2019; Karbala, 6- Atherigona theodori Hennig, 1963 2♂♂, 3♀♀, 4.v.2019. Material examined: (10 specimens) Wasit, Al-Khalisa Distribution: Iraq (Khalaf,1957); Kuwait(Al- district, 3♂♂, 7♀♀, 20.v.2019 from alfalfa plant. Houty,1989), Iran (Khoobdel and Davari, 2011 and Zeilke, Distribution: Iraq (Al- Saffar, 2003, 2013); Saudi Arabia 2017); Finland (Kahanpää and, Haarto, 2014); (Pont,1991a); South Africa(Muller,2014, 2015). Lebanon(Gadeau de Kerville,1926); Armenia (Pont et al.,

2005); Namibia(Couri et al.,2012); Finland (Kahanpää and, 7-Atherigons varia (Megin, 1826) Haarto, 2014); Egypt(Sawaby et al.,2018); Synonyms: Anthomyia varia Megin,1826 Betarus(Makovetskaya and Vikhrev(2019)

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Distribution: Iraq(Khalaf and Al-Omar,1974); Turkey, Genus: Brauer & Bergenstamm, Cyprus, Lebanon, Jordan,Region(Pont, 1991a); 1893 Armenia(Pont et al.,2005); Finland (Kahanpää and, Haarto, 12-Synthesiomyia nudiseta (van der Wulp, 1883) 2014); Iran (Zieke, 2017); Belarus (Makovetskaya and Synnyms: Cyrtoneura nudiseta Wulp, 1883 Vikhrev2019). Hyadesimyia grisea Giglio-Tos, 1893 Synthesiomyia brasiliana Brauer & Bergenstamm, 1893 Tribe: Villeneuve,1902 Synthesionyia nudiseta (Wulp, 1883) Genus: Limnophpra Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Synthesiomyia brasiliana Brauer & von Bergenstamm, 16- quaterna (Loew, 1852) 1893 Synonyms: Hylemyia quaterna Loew, 1852 Distribution: Iraq(Al-Ashbal et al., 2020 b); Limnophora bistriata Stein, 1914 Venezuela(Rabinovich, 1970); al.,3017);Egypt(Abd El- Limnophora macifei Malloch, 1921 Gawad et al., 2019); Spain(Cabrera-Canovea et al., 2019). Limnophora notabilis Stein, 1903 Genus: Rondani, 1856 Rheamyia alutia Seguy, 1950 13-Thricops simplex (Wiedemann,1817) Material examined:(10 specimens), Baghdad, 2♂♂, = Alloeostylus simplex (Wiedemann,1817) 2♀♀, Abu- Ghraib, 25.iv.2019; 4♂♂, 2♀♀,Al-Jadryia, Anthomyia simplex 15.x.2019. Material examined: not found in this survey. Distribution: Iraq (Pont,1986, Al-Saffar,2003); Turkey, Distribution: Iraq(Pont, 1986)and under Alloeostylus Cyprus,Syria,(Pont,1991a)Saudi Arabia (Pont,1991b); simplex(Khalaf and Al-Omar,1974); Russia(Vikhrev and Namibia (Couri et al.,2012). Sorokina,2009) Finland (Kahanpää and, Haarto, 2014); Belarus (Makovetskaya and Vikhrev2019); Bulgaria Genus: Latreille,1796 (Zielke,2019). 17-Lispe assimilis (Wiedemann, 1824) Synonyms: Lispe quadrilineata Macquart, 1835 Subfamily: Verrall, 1888 Materia examined: Baghdad, 4♂♂, 2♀♀,6.xi.2019 Tribe: Verrall, 1890 Distribution: Iraq (Khalaf,1963);Korea(Suh et Genus: Coenosia Meigen, 1926 al.,2007); Moskow(Vikhrev, 2012); China(Wan-Qi Xue 14-Coenosia attenuata Stein in Becker, 1903 andDong Zhang,2005 and Gaoet al.,2019); Iran(Zeilke, Common name:Hunter fly, killer fly 2017). Synonyms: Coenosia affinis Santos Abreu, 1976 Coenosia confalonierii Seguy, 1930 18-Lispe leucospila (Wiedmann, 1830) Coenosia flavicornis Schnabl & Dziedzicki, 1911 Synonyms: Coenosia leucospila Wiedemann, 1830 Coenosia flavipes Santos Abreu, 1976 Dichaetomyia vittata (Stein, 1900) Materia examined:(6 speciemens), Al-Anbar, 2♀♀, vittata (Stein, 1909) 14.v.2019; Kut, 2♂♂, 2♀♀, 5.xi.2019. lateralis (Stein, 1904) Distribution: Iraq(Khalaf and Al- Lispe lateralis Stein, 1906 Omar,1974);Kuwait(Al-Houty,1989);Algeria, , Lispe vittata Stein, 1900 Spain, Turkey, Egypt, Syria, Yemen,Chili, Peru(Seabra et Mydaea coronata Stein, 1915 al.,2015); Saudi Arabia(El-Hawagry et al.,2016); Material examined: (7 specimens), Kut, 2♂♂, Mexico(Bautista-Martínez et al.,2017); Iran(Zieke,2017). 2♀♀,4.xi.2019; Kerbala, 3♂♂ 10.x.2019. Distribution: Iraq (Kaddou, 1967); Namibia(Couri et al., 15-Coenosia tigrina (Fabricius, 1775) 2012); China(Xue and Zhang,2005) Common name:Hunter flies, Killer flies Synonyms: analis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 19-Lispe longicollis Meigen, 1826 Caricea communis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Synonyms: Coenosia leucospila Wiedemann, 1830 Caricea felina Rondani, 1866 Dichaetomyia vittata (Stein, 1900) Caricea fusca Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Graphomya vittata (Stein, 1909) Caricea leonina Rondani, 1877 Helina lateralis (Stein, 1904) Caricea pallipes Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Lispe lateralis Stein, 1906 Caricea paludosa Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Lispe vittata Stein, 1900 Caricea plumosula Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Mydaea coronata Stein, 1915 Caricea tristis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Material examined:karbala, (5 specimens), 2♂♂, Caricea vittata Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 3♀♀,8.xi.2019 Caricea vulgaris Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Distribution: Iraq(Khalaf and Al-Omar, 1974);Armenia Coenosia sexmaculata Walker, 1849 (Pont et al.,2005); China(Xue and Zhang,2005); India Musca rapax Gmelin, 1790 (Bharti, 2008);Moskow(Vikhrev, 2012); Iran(Zeilke, 2017); Musca tigrina Fabricius, 1775 Belarus (Makovetskaya and Vikhrev2019) Material examined:2 specimens, 2♂♂ Baghdad, 25.vi.2019 20-Lispe pygmaea Fallen, 1825 Synonyms: Anthomyza lacteipalpis Zetterstedt, 1849

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Hylemyia maculifrons Macquart, 1851 Lispa longiuscula Rondani, 1877 25- Musca biseta Hough,1898 Lispa paludosa Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Material examined: (15 specimens) ; Baghdad, Lispa pygmaea Fallén, 1825 Al-Taji 2♂♂, 2♀♀, 5.xi.2019; Babylon, 4♂♂, 2♀♀, Lispa suturata Rondani, 1866 20.xi.2019; Kut, 2♂♂, 3♀♀, 30.xi.2019. Lispa tenuipalpis Stenhammar, 1846 Distribution: Iraq(Pont,1986b); Afrotriopical region Lispe hyalinipennis Thomson, 1972 (Pont,1986b); Saudi Arabia(Pont,1991b) Iran (Moradi et Lispe simplicissima Loew, 1847 al,.2013); Iran(Zeilke, 2017). Lispe tenuipalpis Stenhammar, 184 26- Musca crassirostris Stein in Becker, 1903 Material examined:Kut, (7 specimens), 2♂♂, Synonyms: Musca inconslans Wiedemann, 1830 5♀♀,11.xi.2019 Musca inconstans Wiedemann, 1830 Distribution:Iraq(Pont, 1986); Kuwait(Al-Houty,1989); Musca modesta Meijere, 1904 Saudi Arabia(Pont,1991b); Xue and Zhang,2005 Finland Philaematomyia infignis Austen, 1909 (Kahanpää and, Haarto, 2014); Iran(Zieke, 2017); Belarus Philaematomyia insignis Austen, 1909 (Makovetskaya and Vikhrev2019). Material examined: 10 specimens; 2♂♂, 2♀♀,Baghdad, 2.iii.2019; 2♂♂, 3♀♀,kut, from cow field Subfamily: Latreille, 1802 16.xi.2019; 1♂, Kerbala; 28.x.2019. Tribe: Latreille, 1802 Distribution: Iraq (Derwesh, 1965); Israel, Turkey, Genus: Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Cyprus, (Pont, 1991a); Saudi Arabia(Pont,1991b) 21- Dasyphora asiatica Zimin, 1947 India(Bharti, 2008); Namibia(Couri et al.,2012); Iran(Zeilke, Material examined: not found in this survey 2017); Malaysia(Khofar et al.,2019). Distribution: Iraq (El-Haidari et al., 1972); Armenia(Pont et al., 2005); Palaearctic Region(Nihei, and 27- Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 de Carvalho, 2007). Common name: House fly Synonyms: Ascaris conosoma Jordens, 1802 Genus: Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Degeeria dawsoni Rainbow, 1897 22- (Loew, 1875) Dichaetomyia vicaria (Walker, 1859) Synonyms: Alina pratensis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Limnophora vicaria (Walker, 1853) Cyrtoneura simplex Loew, 1857 Musca campicola Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Morellia fuliginosa Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Musca antiquissima Walker, 1849 Morellia gagatea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Musca pampasiana Bigot, 1888 Morellia lusoria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Musca pellucens Meigen, 1835 Material examined: Erbil, 3♂♂, 5.vi.2019. Musca rivularis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Distribution: Iraq (Abdul-Rassoul, 1976); Saudi Spilogaster rufa Stein, 1900 Arabia(Pont,1991b); Finland (Kahanpää and, Haarto, Sphora australis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 2014); Belarus (Makovetskaya and Vikhrev2019). Sphora nigricans Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Material examined:250 specimens;Baghdad, Bab Al- Genus Musca Linnaeaus,1758. Muadham, fish shops, 20♂♂+20♀,15.iii.2019; Al-Shaab, 23- Musca albina Wiedemann,1830 25♂♂+25♀♀,30.iii.2019; Al-Taji. 40♂♂+40 from cattle Synonyms: Musca speculifera Bezzi, 1911 fields, 20.iv.2019; Thi-Qar, 40♂♂+40♀♀, 20.xi.2019 from Plaxemyia beckeri Schnabl & Dziedzicki, 1911 cow field. Material examined: (15 specimens, Kerabala Distribution: Cosmopolitan (World Wide Distribution). governorate), Ain Altamur 4♂♂, 2♀♀, 20.iv.2019; Al- Rahalia desert, 3♂♂, 86♀♀,20.v.2019. 28- Musca larvipara Portschinsky, 1910 Distribution: Iraq (Zimin, 1951); Afrotopical, Oreintal, Synonyms: Musca mesopotamiensis Patton, 1920 Palaearctic Regions (Nihei, and de Carvalho, 2007); Musca vivipara Bezzi, 1911 India(Bharti, 2008); Namibia(Couri et al.,2012); Saudi Material examined: Erbil, 3♂♂, 25.vi.2019 Arabia (El-Hawagry et al.,2013, 2016); Iran(Zielke, 2017). Distribution: Iraq (Patton, 1920); Armenia(Pont et al., 2005); Palaearctic Region(Nihei, and de Carvalho, 2007); 24- Musca autuminalis DeGeer,1776 Iran(Zeilke, 2017); Belarus (Makovetskaya and Material examined: (10 specimens); Baghdad from Vikhrev2019). poultry field 2♂♂, 2♀♀,5.1v.2019;Dyala from cows field 4♂♂, 2♀♀, 10.v.2019. 29- Musca lucidula Loew, 1856 Distribution: Iraq (Al-Saffar,2003); Syria(El- Synonyms: Musca lucidula (Loew, 1856) Hariri,1968); Turkey(Pont,1986b); Eastren Africa(Krafsur Material examined: Baghdad, 2 ♂♂2,♀ ♀, 25.v.2019. and Moon,1997); Armenia(Pont et al., 2005); Afrotopical, Distribution: Iraq (Pont, 1986): Kuwait (Al- Oreintal, Nearctic, Neotropic, Palaearctic Regions (Nihei, Houty,1989) India (Bharti, 2008);Saudi Arabia(El-Hawagry and de Carvalho, 2007); Finland(Kahanpää and Harto, et al.,2016); Iran(Zeilke, 2017). 2014); Saudi Arabia (El-Hawagry et al.,2016); Iran(Zielike, 2017) Belarus (Makovetskaya and Vikhrev2019). 30- Musca osiris Wiedemann, 1830

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Synonyms: Musca fulvithorax Santos Abreu, 1976 L. compar Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Plaxemya sugillatrix Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 L. morrilli Townsend, 1908 Material examined: Maysan, 3♂♂, 10.x.2019 Musca amoena Harris, 1835 Distribution: Iraq(Patton,1920);Armenia(Pont et al., M. caesarion Meigen, 1826 2005); India(Bharti, 2008); Iran(Zeilke, 2017). M. chloris Haliday, 1833 M. connexa Walker, 1853 31-Musca sorbens Wiedemann, 1830 M. cornicena Fabricius, 1794 Synonyms: Byomya alba Malloch, 1929 M. cornicina Fabricius, 1781 Musca bivittata Thomson, 1869 M.edeo Harris, 1780 Musca dichotoma Bezzi, 1911 caesarion (Meigen, 1826) Musca eutaeniata Bigot, 1888 Pseudopyrellia fennica Frey, 1909 Musca exalbida Stein, 1913 frontalis Thomson, 1869 Musca humilis Wiedemann, 1830 Material examined: Baghdad, 2♂♂,2♀♀,11.xi.2019 Musca latifrons Wiedemann, 1830 Distribution: Iraq(Pont,1986); Armenia(Pont et al., Musca primitiva Walker, 1849 2005); Oreintal, Nearctic, Neotropical, Palaearctic Musca promisca Awati, 1916 Regions(Nihei, and de Carvalho, 2007); Nicaragua(Nihei et Musca spectanda Wiedemann, 1830 al.,2009); Finland (Kahanpää and, Haarto, 2014); Musca stuckenbergi Zielke, 1971 Iran(Zeilke, 2017); Belarus (Makovetskaya and Material examined: (20 specimens);Baghdad, Taji, Vikhrev2019). 3♂♂,2♀♀, 7.iii.2019; Kut, 4♂♂,4♀♀,20.v.2019; Kufa, 2♂♂,5♀♀, 19.xi.2019 Genus: Pyrellia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830. Distribution: Iraq(Patton,1920);India(Bharti, 2008); 35-Pyrellia vivida Robineau-Desvoidy, Namibia(Couri et al.,2012); Saudi Arabia (Ali Khan et al., Synonyms: Pyrellia amaena Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 2018); Eygpt(Sawby et al.,2018). Pyrellia purpureofasciata Zetterstedt, 1845 Pyrellia smaragdula Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 32- Musca tempestival Fallen, 1817 Pyrellia usta Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Synonyms: yomya carnifex Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Material examined: Erbil, 2♂♂,2♀♀,5.vii.2019. Byomya stimulans Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Distribution: Iraq(Pont,1986); Armenia(Pont et al., Byomya violacea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 2005); Nearctia,Neotropical, Palaearctic,Oreintal Musca albipennis Meigen, 1826 Regions(Nihei, and de Carvalho, 2007); India (Bharti, Musca cuprea Macquart, 1835 2008);Finland (Kahanpää and, Haarto, 2014); Iran(Zeilke, Musca curvinervis Zetterstedt, 1845 2017); Belarus (Makovetskaya and Vikhrev2019). Musca minima Rondani, 1868 Musca nana Meigen, 1830 Tribe: Stomoxyini Meigen,1824 Musca phasiaeformis Meigen, 1826 Genus: Haematobia Le Peteier&Serville, 1828 Musca pusilla Rondani, 1868 36-Haematobia exigua de Meijere, 1903 Musca unisetula Fan, 1965 Synonyms: Haematobia australis Malloch, 1932 Material examined: Shaqhlawa, 2♂♂,5♀♀,4.iii.2019. Lyperosia flavohirta Brunetti, 1910 Distribution: Iraq(Khalaf and Al-Omar,1974); Material examined: Baghdad, 2♂♂,2♀♀,7.iv.2019 India(Bharti, 2008); Finland(Kahanpää and Harto, 2014); from cow field. Iran(Zeilke, 2017). Distribution:Iraq(Pont,1986); Thailand(Tumrasvin and Shinonaga,S. 1978). 33- Musca vitripennis Meigen, 1826 Materia examined: Shaqhlawa, 3♂♂,5♀♀,7.iii.2019. 37-Haematobia irritant (Linnaeus, 1758) Distribution:Iraq(Pont, 1986);Iran(Zeilke, 2017); Belarus (Makovetskaya and Vikhrev2019). Synonyms: Conops irritans Linnaeus,1758 Haematobia serrate Robineau- Desvoidy, 1930 Genus: Neomyia Walker, 1859 Materia examined: 2♂♂,2♀♀,10.iii.2019 34- (Fabricius, 1781) Distribution:Iraq(Pont,1986); Nicaragua(Nihei et al.,2009); Paraguay(Schühli et al., 2011); Iran(Zeilke, Synonyms: Euphoria adamantina Robineau-Desvoidy, 2017); Saudi Arabia (Ali Khan et al., 2018). 1863 Euphoria aenea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 38-Haematobia minuta (Bezzi, 1892) E. aestivalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Synonyms: Glossinella potrix Enderlein, 1928 E.agilis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Lyperosia longipalpis Roubaud, 1906 E.analis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Material examined: Baghdad,1♂,1♀,27.iii.2019 E. aurata Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Distribution: Iraq (Pont,1986); Saudi E.autumnalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Arabia(Pont,1991b); India (Bharti, 2008). Idia viridis Wiedemann, 1824 Lucilia carolinensis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 39- Haematobia titillans (Bezzi, 1907)

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Synonyms: Haphospatha bovina Peus, 1937 Distribution: Iraq (Khalaf and Al-Imar,1974);Saudi Haphospatha equina Enderlein, 1928 Arabia(Pont,1991b);"India, West Bengal, China, West Hapospatha latirostris Enderlein, 1928 Bengal. Elsewhere: China, Ethiopian, Malaya, Nepal, Haphospatha scolopax Peus, 1937 Pakisatan, Taiwan, S. Palaearctic, Sri Lanka. " (Halder et Lyperosia titillans Bezzi, 1907 al.,2019). Material examined: Baghdad,1♂,2♀♀,27.iv.2019 Distribution: Iraq(Pont, 1986); India (Bharti, 2008);Iran Genus: Mydaea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Moradi et al,.2013); Iran(Zeilke, 2017). 43-Mydaea lateritia (Rondani, 1866) Material examined: Sulaimanyia, Twela, ♂, ♀, Genus: Stomoxys Geoffroy, 1762 3.vii.2019. 40-Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus, 1758 Distribution: Iraq(Pont,1986); "An uncommon species Common name: Stable fly in central and "(Pont, 1991b). Synonyms: Conops calcitrans Linnaeus, 1758 Musca occidentis Walker, 1853 Genus: Myospila Rondani,1856 geniculata (Bigot, 1885) 44-Myospila mediatabunda (Fabricius, 1781) Stomoxis aurifacies Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 Synonym: Musca meditabundaFabricius, 1781 Stomoxys aculeata Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Material examined: Baghdad, 2♂♂, 2.v.2019. Stomoxys aenos Walker, 1849 Distribution: Iraq (Abdul-Rassoul, 1976); Stomoxys bouffardi Picard, 1907 Armenia(Pont et al., 2005); Finland (Kahanpää and, Haarto, Stomoxys chrysocephala Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 2014); Belarus (Makovetskaya and Vikhrev, 2019). Stomoxys cybira Walker, 1849 Stomoxys plurinotata (Bigot, 1888) Subfamily: Phaoniinae Mollach, 1917 Stomoxys pungens Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Tribe: Phaonini Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Stomoxys sugullatrix Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 45-Helina calceataeformis (Schnabl and Dziedzicki, Tetramerinx geniculata (Macquart, 1851) 1911) Material examined: Baghdad, Abu- Synonyms: Helina parcepilosa (Stein, 1907) Ghrebe,4♂,4♀♀,27.iv.2019, from cow field. Mydaea fulvipes Santos Abreu, 1976 Distribution: Iraq(Hussain, 1963); Thailand(Tumrasvin Spilogaster parcepilosa Stein, 1907 and Shinonaga,S. 1978); Saudi Arabia(Pont,1991b); Materia examined: Baghdad, 2♂♂, 22vi.2019 Armenia(Pont et al.,2005) India (Bharti, Distribution:In Iraq recorded as Helina 2008);;Paraguay(Schühli et al., 2011); Finland (Kahanpää parcepilosa(Kaddou,1967); Bulgaria(Zielke, 2018b). and, Haarto, 2014);Iran(Zeilke, 2017); Malaysia(Khofar et al.,2019); Belarus (Makovetskaya and Vikhrev2019). 46- Helina reversio (Harris, 1780) Synonyms: Anthomyia compncata(Wiedemann, Subfamily: Verrall, 1888 18170) A. duplicate (Meigen, 1826) Genus: Graphomya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 A. fixa (Walker) 41- (Scopoli, 1763) Aricia duplaris(Zettrstedt,1826) Synonyms:Graphomya compuncta(Harris, 1780) Helina communis (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) G. maculate(Harris,1780) H. duplicata (Meigen, 1826) Musca compuncta (Harris, 1780) H. fixa(Walker, 1853) M. maculate(Harris, 1780) Musca reversion Harria, 1780 Materia examined: Gara mountains, 2♀♀, 26.vi.2019 Mydina communis Robineau- Desvoidy, 1830 Distribution: Iraq (Abdul- Rassoul, Spilogaster caesia Macquart, 1835 1976);Namibia(Couri et al.,2012); Finland (Kahanpää and, Material examined: Kut, 2♂♂, 25.iv.2019 from cow Haarto, 2014); Belarus (Makovetskaya and Vikhrev, 2019). field Distribution: Iraq(Pont,1986); Armenia(Pont et 42- Gymnodia tonitrui(Wiedemann, 1824) al.,2005); Finland (Kahanpää and, Haarto, 2014); Iran Synonyms: Anthomyia aliena Walker, 1853 (Moradi et al,.2013); Belarus (Makovetskaya and Anthomyia canache Walker, 1849 Vikhrev2019). Anthomyia rufofasciata Macquart, 1851 Anthomyia tonitrui Wiedemann, 1824 Genus: Phonia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 Brontaea tonitrui (Wiedemann, 1824) Notes: this genus recorded to Iraq (Abdul- Gymnodia lobalis Thomson, 1869 Rassoul,1969) Limnophora macei Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 47- Phaonia sp. Limnophora variegata Stein, 1903 Material examined: Baghdad, 1♂, 22.iii.2019. Mijobia nigripes Doleschall, 1856 Thaumasiochaeta variegata (Stein, 1911) Materia examined: not found in this survey.

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CONCLUSION In so previsioned the previous list of insect in Iraq and update them with their synonyms is reported.

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