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Future Air Force Close Air Support Aircraft

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Future Air Force Close Air Support Aircraft Future Air Force Close Air Support Aircraft a project presented to The Faculty of the Department of Aerospace Engineering San José State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science in Aerospace Engineering by Oscar Ho December 2018 approved by Dr. Nikos J. Mourtos Faculty Advisor 1 Table of Contents List of Symbols .............................................................................................................................................. 5 1.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 7 1.2. Literature Review ................................................................................................................................... 8 1.3. Motivation ............................................................................................................................................ 10 2.1. Mission Specification and Comparative Study ..................................................................................... 11 2.1.1. Comparative Study of Similar Planes ............................................................................................ 11 2.1.2. Mission Specification .................................................................................................................... 13 2.1.3. Mission Profile .............................................................................................................................. 13 2.2. Configuration Selection ........................................................................................................................ 14 2.2.1. Performance and Configuration Comparison of Similar Aircrafts ................................................ 14 2.2.2. Overall Configuration .................................................................................................................... 17 2.2.3. Wing Configuration ....................................................................................................................... 17 2.2.4. Empennage Configuration ............................................................................................................ 18 2.2.5. Integration of the Propulsion System ........................................................................................... 18 2.2.6. Landing Gear Disposition .............................................................................................................. 19 2.3. Weight Sizing and Weight Specifications ............................................................................................. 19 2.3.1. Mission Weight Estimates ............................................................................................................. 19 2.3.2. Calculation of Mission Weights ..................................................................................................... 21 2.3.3. Discussion of Mission Weight Analysis ......................................................................................... 23 2.3.4. Takeoff Weight Sensitivities. ......................................................................................................... 24 2.3.5. Trade Studies ................................................................................................................................ 26 2.3.6: Discussion of Weight Sensitivities and Trade Studies ................................................................... 27 2.4. Performance Constraint ....................................................................................................................... 28 2.4.1. Manual Calculation of Performance Constraints .......................................................................... 28 2.4.1.1 Stall Speed: Manual Calculation .............................................................................................. 29 2.4.1.2 Takeoff Distance: Manual Calculation .................................................................................... 29 2.4.1.3 Landing Distance: Manual Calculation .................................................................................... 29 2.4.1.4 Drag Polar Estimation: Manual Calculation ............................................................................ 29 2.4.1.5 Climb Constraints: Manual Calculation ................................................................................... 29 2.4.1.6 Maneuvering Constraints: Manual Calculation ...................................................................... 30 2.4.1.7 Speed Constraints: Manual Calculation .................................................................................. 30 2 2.4.2. Calculation of Performance Constraints with AAA Program ........................................................ 30 2.4.2.1. Stall Speed: AAA ..................................................................................................................... 30 2.4.2.2. Takeoff Distance: AAA ............................................................................................................ 31 2.4.2.3. Landing Distance: AAA ........................................................................................................... 32 2.4.2.4. Drag Polar Estimation ............................................................................................................ 33 2.4.2.5. Climb Constraints ................................................................................................................... 34 2.4.2.6. Maneuvering Constraints: AAA .............................................................................................. 35 2.4.2.7. Speed Constraints .................................................................................................................. 35 2.4.3. Summary of Performance Constraints .......................................................................................... 36 2.4.4. Discussion of Performance Constraints ........................................................................................ 37 2.5. Fuselage Design.................................................................................................................................... 39 2.5.1. Cockpit Design ............................................................................................................................... 39 2.5.2. Fuselage Design............................................................................................................................. 40 2.6. Wing, High-Lift System, and Lateral Control Design ............................................................................ 43 2.6.1. Wing Planform Design................................................................................................................... 43 2.6.1.1. Sweep Angle- Thickness Ratio Combination .......................................................................... 44 2.6.2. Airfoil Selection ............................................................................................................................. 44 2.6.3. Wing Design Evaluation ................................................................................................................ 45 2.6.4. Design of the High-Lift Devices ..................................................................................................... 46 2.6.5. Design of the Lateral Control Services .......................................................................................... 47 2.6.6. Preliminary Sketch of Wing ........................................................................................................... 47 2.6.7. Discussion of Wing Design ............................................................................................................ 48 2.7. Empennage Design ............................................................................................................................... 49 2.7.1. Overall Empennage Design ........................................................................................................... 49 2.7.2. Design of the Horizontal Stabilizer ................................................................................................ 49 2.7.3. Design of the Vertical Stabilizer .................................................................................................... 51 2.7.4. Empennage Design Evaluation ...................................................................................................... 52 2.7.5. Design of the Longitudinal and Directional Controls .................................................................... 53 2.7.6. Discussion of Empennage Design.................................................................................................. 55 2.8. Landing Gear Design and Weight Balance ........................................................................................... 55 2.8.1. Estimation for the Center of Gravity Location for the FAFCAS ..................................................... 56 2.8.2. Landing Gear Design ..................................................................................................................... 58 3 2.8.3. Updated Estimation of the Center of Gravity Location for the FAFCAS........................................ 63 2.8.4. CG Locations for Various Loading Scenarios ................................................................................. 64 2.8.5. Discussion of Landing
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