Introduction to PCI Express
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Fujitsu Plug-And-Play Controller (Ppc)
cO MB86701 FUJITSU PLUG-AND-PLAY CONTROLLER (PPC) ADVANCE INFORMATION JULY 1994 KEY FEATURES • Provides Plug-and-Play compatibility for ISA add-in • Read the card's resource requirements data cards • Identify the card and configure its resources • Conforms to Intel/Microsoft Plug-and-Play specifica • Locate a driver for the card tion vl.Oa (May 5, 1994) lbis process is done automatically at every hard reset of • Interface to serial resource EEPROM with read and write the system. Plug-and-Play ISA cards will interoperate capability for storage of data structures required by Plug and-Play and additional user defined data. with standard ISA cards in a fully compatible manner. Information that identifies the card and describes the sys • Provides five chip select outputs: tem resources which are requested by the card, such as - Two I/O chip selects, /CSO and /CSl, f{AO-AlS} memory and IJO space, DMA channel, and interrupt level - Two memory chip selects, JC,S2 and /CS3, f{AO-A23} supported is maintained in a standardized read-only for - JC,S4 is the OR of CSO and CS3 and is used as described mat below In a system that uses only Plug-and-Play ISA cards, it • Supports two DMA channels and two interrupts from the will be possible to achieve full auto-configuration. It is logical device recognized that the current generation of standard ISA - Interrupts directed to any of 11 interrupt channels on the cards will coexist with Plug-and-Play ISA cards in the ISA bus same system. In such systems, the configuration solution - DMA directed to any of 7 DMA channels on the ISA needs to be augmented in the BIOS and/or operating sys bus tem to manage and arbitrate the allocation of ISA bus re • Provides four quasi-bidirectional general purpose I/O sources. -
Cifx PC Cards for Real-Time Ethernet and Fieldbus
cifX PC cards for Real-Time Ethernet and Fieldbus All major industrial protocols All common PC card formats One hardware for all Real-Time Ethernet protocols Master and Slave Wide range of device drivers Same application interface for all networks PC cards in all formats for all protocols The cifX PC card family is the unified standard supporting all Real-Time Ethernet and Fieldbus systems for PC based automation. The protocol stack is executed autonomously on the PC card and process data exchange with the host is done via Dual-Port-Memory or DMA (Direct Memory Access). Thanks to the common Hilscher Platform Strategy all PC cards use the same driver and tools - independent of protocol and card format. A change of communication protocol is done by just loading a different firmware. A rotary switch delivers an easy and reliable slot assignment for the PCI- and PCI Express card types. In addition special types e.g. with integrated NVRAM, 2-channel cards or detached network interface are available. A complete software package is always included in the scope of delivery. This package consists of one FDT-based configuration tool (IEC standard) for all products and networks, loadable firmware, documentation and a driver tool-kit. Due to own network controller netX a 10-year guarantee of delivery is granted. Spectra GmbH & Co. KG Niederlassung Österreich Spectra (Schweiz) AG [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] cifX - Communication for PC based Automation NVRAM included PCI Same Function - Same API - Same Tools Especially for compact Box PCs Hilscher offers specific types with integrated NVRAM for secure data storage. -
Designing PCI Cards and Drivers for Power Macintosh Computers
Designing PCI Cards and Drivers for Power Macintosh Computers Revised Edition Revised 3/26/99 Technical Publications © Apple Computer, Inc. 1999 Apple Computer, Inc. Adobe, Acrobat, and PostScript are Even though Apple has reviewed this © 1995, 1996 , 1999 Apple Computer, trademarks of Adobe Systems manual, APPLE MAKES NO Inc. All rights reserved. Incorporated or its subsidiaries and WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH No part of this publication may be may be registered in certain RESPECT TO THIS MANUAL, ITS reproduced, stored in a retrieval jurisdictions. QUALITY, ACCURACY, system, or transmitted, in any form America Online is a service mark of MERCHANTABILITY, OR FITNESS or by any means, mechanical, Quantum Computer Services, Inc. FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. AS A electronic, photocopying, recording, Code Warrior is a trademark of RESULT, THIS MANUAL IS SOLD “AS or otherwise, without prior written Metrowerks. IS,” AND YOU, THE PURCHASER, ARE permission of Apple Computer, Inc., CompuServe is a registered ASSUMING THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO except to make a backup copy of any trademark of CompuServe, Inc. ITS QUALITY AND ACCURACY. documentation provided on Ethernet is a registered trademark of CD-ROM. IN NO EVENT WILL APPLE BE LIABLE Xerox Corporation. The Apple logo is a trademark of FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, FrameMaker is a registered Apple Computer, Inc. INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL trademark of Frame Technology Use of the “keyboard” Apple logo DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ANY Corporation. (Option-Shift-K) for commercial DEFECT OR INACCURACY IN THIS purposes without the prior written Helvetica and Palatino are registered MANUAL, even if advised of the consent of Apple may constitute trademarks of Linotype-Hell AG possibility of such damages. -
Scalable Cache Coherent Shared Memory at Cluster Prices
numascale Scalable Cache Coherent Shared Memory at Cluster Prices White Paper Redefining Scalable OpenMP and MPI Price-to-Performance with Numascale’s NumaConnect By: Douglas Eadline About the Author: Douglas Eadline, Ph.D. has been writing and working with high performance computers and Linux for over twenty years. He is also the Editor of Cluster- Monkey.net. NW4V1 ABSTRACT Using commodity hardware and the “plug-and-play” NumaConnect interconnect, Numascale delivers true shared memory programming and simpler administration at standard HPC cluster price points. One such system currently offers users over 1,700 cores with a 4.6 TB single memory image. The NumaConnect cluster excels at both OpenMP and MPI computing within the same shared memory environment. No extra software or program modifications are needed to take advantage of the entire system. Results for the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Parallel Benchmarks have set a new record for OpenMP core count and problem size. OpenMP results show good scalability, with best results coming from larger problem sizes. In addition, NumaConnect shared memory MPI performance delivers better results than InfiniBand clus- ters, using standard tools without modification for the underlying hardware environment. A cost compari- son with a small FDR InfiniBand cluster shows a comparable price point when ease of programming, high performance, and ease of administration are considered. Several production systems are performing satisfactorily, including those in University of Oslo in Norway, Statoil, -
Macintosh Ilsi Overview
Macintosh Ils i Overview The Apple® Macintosh" Hsi is the lowest amount of dynamic random-access such as printers, scanners, and CD-ROM cost member of the Macintosh II line, memory (DRAM) through a new feature, disc drives, as well as access the built-in Apple Computer's most powetfulline of virtual memory. networking capabilities foundin all Macintosh personal computers. Offering The Macintosh Hsi comes with built-in Macintosh computers. high performance and a wide range of support forfour Apple monitors as well One exciting new Macintosh advance expansion and video options, the as third-party monitors, so you can ment incorporated into the Macintosh Hsi Macintosh Hsi is ideal forpeople who choose the monitor that best suits your is sound input. The Macintosh Hsi comes need a powetfulbut very affordable needs-then simply plug it in. In addi with a microphone and phono jack Macintosh system that can easily grow tion, by adding a video expansion card, adapter, which let you input your voice with their needs over time. you can use any other Apple or third into documents, presentations, and even Like other Macintosh II systems, the partymonitor with the Macintosh Hsi. electronic mail messages. Macintosh Hsi offersexcellent perfor The Macintosh Hsi can be easily Best of all, the Macintosh Hsi provides mance. At the heart of the Macintosh Hsi expanded to incorporate new capabilities all of the important benefitsfor which is a 20-megahertz 68030 microprocessor or increase system performance. An inter the Macintosh is known-powetfultech -
M-1: the Mealy Open Source Custom MIDI Controller Student’S Names: Garrett Leung, Darren Mistica Advisor’S Name: Bryan Mealy
The Mealy Open Source Custom MIDI Controller Computer Engineering CALIFORNIA POLYTECHNIC STATE UNIVERSITY, SAN LUIS OBISPO Advisor Garrett Leung, EE Bryan Mealy June 2015 Darren Mistica, CPE Page 1 ABSTRACT With the high price of large mixing consoles, aspiring artists are restricted to using a mouse to control digital facsimiles of knobs, faders, switches, and buttons. Though using the software controls is considered a simple task, dedicated hardware allows for tactile, visual, and utility. At a low cost, the heart of the MTech M-1 can be customized and placed into any shell with any combination of controls as possible with the underlying platform. Modern MIDI controllers require significant physical space due to their preset button layout and space consuming setups. Despite their high price, modern MIDI controllers have only one setup. With one setup, music producers or artists have a hard time carrying their MIDI controllers around for concerts or other performances. The M-1 MIDI controller addresses the high cost that physical MIDI controllers currently hold on the market by allowing users to make/create their own specific MIDI control board using any combination of knobs, dials, buttons, and sliders. This customization of the controller allows the user to save space and money, while also accommodating for their style or a specific performance. The M-1 controller is an affordable and fully customizable mechanical system. The fully customizable MIDI controller represents a digital MIDI controller while allowing the user to fully customize the physical layout of the controller. Users can place the buttons for the delay, reverb, compression, distortion, etc. -
Network PC Card
Instant WirelessTM Series Network PC Card Use this Guide to install the following: WPC11 V2.5 User Guide COPYRIGHT & TRADEMARKS Copyright © 2001 Linksys, All Rights Reserved. Instant Wireless™ is a registered trade- mark of Linksys. Microsoft, Windows, and the Windows logo are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. All other trademarks and brand names are the property of their respective proprietors. LIMITED WARRANTY Linksys guarantees that every Instant Wireless™ Network PC Card V2.5 is free from phys- ical defects in material and workmanship under normal use for one year from the date of purchase. If these products prove defective during this warranty period, call Linksys Customer Support in order to obtain a Return Authorization Number. BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE AND A BARCODE FROM THE PRODUCT’S PACKAGING ON HAND WHEN CALLING. RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE. When returning a product, mark the Return Authorization Number clearly on the outside of the package and include your original proof of pur- chase. All customers located outside of the United States of America and Canada shall be held responsible for shipping and handling charges. IN NO EVENT SHALL LINKSYS’ LIABILITY EXCEED THE PRICE PAID FOR THE PROD- UCT FROM DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAM- AGES RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE PRODUCT, ITS ACCOMPANYING SOFT- WARE, OR ITS DOCUMENTATION. LINKSYS DOES NOT OFFER REFUNDS FOR ANY PRODUCT. Linksys makes no warranty or representation, expressed, implied, or statuto- ry, with respect to its products or the contents or use of this documentation and all accompanying software, and specifically disclaims its quality, performance, mer- chantability, or fitness for any particular purpose. -
PC Cards in All Formats for All Protocols
cifX PC cards for Real-Time Ethernet and Fieldbus All major industrial protocols All common PC card formats One hardware for all Real-Time Ethernet protocols Master and Slave Wide range of device drivers Same application interface for all networks PC cards in all formats for all protocols The cifX PC card family is the unified standard supporting all Real-Time Ethernet and Fieldbus systems for PC based automation. The protocol stack is executed autonomously on the PC card and process data exchange with the host is done via Dual-Port-Memory or DMA (Direct Memory Access). Thanks to the common Hilscher Platform Strategy all PC cards use the same driver and tools - independent of protocol and card format. A change of communication protocol is done by just loading a different firmware. A rotary switch delivers an easy and reliable slot assignment for the PCI- and PCI Express card types. In addition special types e.g. with integrated NVRAM, 2-channel cards or detached network interface are available. A complete software package is always included in the scope of delivery. This package consists of one FDT-based configuration tool (IEC standard) for all products and networks, loadable firmware, documentation and a driver tool-kit. Due to own network controller netX a 10-year guarantee of delivery is granted. cifX - Communication for PC based Automation NVRAM included PCI Same Function - Same API - Same Tools Especially for compact Box PCs Hilscher offers specific types with integrated NVRAM for secure data storage. The user can e v S la l S a C M v e freely access the non volatile memory via standard device driver. -
Upgrading and Repairing Pcs, 21St Edition Editor-In-Chief Greg Wiegand Copyright © 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc
Contents at a Glance Introduction 1 1 Development of the PC 5 2 PC Components, Features, and System Design 19 3 Processor Types and Specifications 29 4 Motherboards and Buses 155 5 BIOS 263 UPGRADING 6 Memory 325 7 The ATA/IDE Interface 377 AND 8 Magnetic Storage Principles 439 9 Hard Disk Storage 461 REPAIRING PCs 10 Flash and Removable Storage 507 21st Edition 11 Optical Storage 525 12 Video Hardware 609 13 Audio Hardware 679 14 External I/O Interfaces 703 15 Input Devices 739 16 Internet Connectivity 775 17 Local Area Networking 799 18 Power Supplies 845 19 Building or Upgrading Systems 929 20 PC Diagnostics, Testing, and Maintenance 975 Index 1035 Scott Mueller 800 East 96th Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46240 Upgrading.indb i 2/15/13 10:33 AM Upgrading and Repairing PCs, 21st Edition Editor-in-Chief Greg Wiegand Copyright © 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. Acquisitions Editor All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored in a retrieval Rick Kughen system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, Development Editor recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. No patent Todd Brakke liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. Managing Editor Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the Sandra Schroeder publisher and author assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Nor is any Project Editor liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained Mandie Frank herein. Copy Editor ISBN-13: 978-0-7897-5000-6 Sheri Cain ISBN-10: 0-7897-5000-7 Indexer Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data in on file. -
Pocket UDD (Ultra Digidrive) II
Pocket UDD (Ultra DigiDrive) II Models: PUDDEPU3, PUDDESP, PUDDES, PPROEPU3, PPROESP, PPROES INTRODUCTION The Addonics Pocket UDD (Ultra DigiDrive) II is one of the fastest Readers/Writers for Flash media, PCMCIA hard drives and ATA Flash. Built on the same utilitarian concept of its predecessor Pocket UDD, the Pocket UDD II supports maximum throughput of 150 Mbytes/sec via eSATA or the latest USB 3.0 connection, cutting almost half of the data transfer time between the new high speed media and the computer. LED Eject Button By using an optional CF DigiAdapter or the Addonics Flash Flash Media Slot DigiAdapter Extreme, the Pocket UDD II can also be used like a regular flash reader to read/write to other popular Flash media - CF-I, CF-II, Smart Media, Memory stick, Secure Digital Card, Multimedia Card, Micro Drive or XD Card. 5V Power Input eSATA Port Addonics Technologies Inc. www.addonics.com 1918 Junction Avenue, San Jose, CA 95131 Phone: 408.573.8580 | Fax: 408.573.8588 Pocket UDD (Ultra DigiDrive) II Models: PUDDEPU3, PUDDESP, PUDDES, PPROEPU3, PPROESP, PPROES FEATURES • Choice of model for connection to computer via USB 3.0 / 2.0, eSATAp (Hybrid eSATA USB) or standard eSATA • Powered from USB, eSATAp port or optional AC/DC power adapter • Read and write directly to PCMCIA hard drive or ATA Flash • Read and write to CF-I, CF-II, Micro Drive via optional CF-PCMCIA adapter • Read and write to Secure Digital Card (SD, SDHC mini SD, SDXC), Memory Stick (MS, MS DUO, MS PRO DU), Smart Memory, Memory Stick, Multimedia Card, and XD Card via -
UM10204 I2C-Bus Specification and User Manual Rev
UM10204 I2C-bus specification and user manual Rev. 03 — 19 June 2007 User manual Document information Info Content Keywords I2C, I2C-bus, Standard-mode, Fast-mode, Fast-mode Plus, Fm+, High Speed, Hs, inter-IC, SDA, SCL Abstract Philips Semiconductors (now NXP Semiconductors) developed a simple bidirectional 2-wire bus for efficient inter-IC control. This bus is called the Inter-IC or I2C-bus. Only two bus lines are required: a serial data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (SCL). Serial, 8-bit oriented, bidirectional data transfers can be made at up to 100 kbit/s in the Standard-mode, up to 400 kbit/s in the Fast-mode, up to 1 Mbit/s in the Fast-mode Plus (Fm+), or up to 3.4 Mbit/s in the High-speed mode. NXP Semiconductors UM10204 I2C-bus specification and user manual Revision history Rev Date Description 03 20070619 Many of today’s applications require longer buses and/or faster speeds. Fast-mode plus was introduced to meet this need by increasing drive strength by as much as 10× and increasing the data rate to 1 Mbit/s while maintaining downward compatibility to Fast-mode and Standard-mode speeds and software commands. Modifications: • Re-ordered sections and clarified several requirements • Added description of Fast-mode Plus (Fm+) specifications • Added description of the Device ID Field • Added Bus Clear procedures • Moved level shifting information to a separate application note (AN10441) • Clarified the process of sizing Rp • Added limits for tVD;DAT and tVD;ACK 2.1 2000 Version 2.1 of the I2C-bus specification 2.0 1998 The I2C-bus has become a de facto world standard that is now implemented in over 1000 different ICs and licensed to more than 50 companies. -
PPM-CARDBUS Datasheet
PPM-Cardbus Single-slot PC Card PC/104-Plus MODULE and Cardbus Adapter FEATURES z Single slot PC Card and Cardbus PC/104-Plus Adapter z 32-bit PC Card controller provides 33 MHz PCI performance levels and bus-master capability z Supports burst mode transfers to maximize throughput z Hot insertion and removal supported z PnP and automatic configuration supported z Full backward compatibility for PC Card-16 cards z Supports both 5V/3.3V PC cards z 6 LEDs provide visual status of module z Low power required z Single +5V supply z Operating temperature: -40oC to +85oC WinSystems' PPM-Cardbus is a PC/104-Plus module that supports both Cardbus and PC cards. Its purpose is Card Bus - Cardbus is a 32-bit high performance bus allow expansion of additional functions such as 802.11 mastering architecture for PC Cards. It is a method to wireless, IEEE-1394 Firewire, USB 2.0, SCSI, and other add high-bandwidth capabilities to the PC Card tech- high-performance functions that have been developed nology and to match the system performance achieved for mobile computing environments. Cardbus supports by today's PC/104 bus-based embedded computers. 32-bit PC Cards operating at bus speeds up to 33MHz. The Cardbus resource-configuration architecture FUNCTIONAL CAPABILITY allows (re)allocation of system resources whenever cards are added to or removed from a system at boot PC Cards - PC Cards are credit card-size peripherals time and/or dynamically during run-time. This is that add memory, mass storage, and I/O capabilities to achieved through an enhanced version of the PC Card computers in a rugged, compact form factor.