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Basal Body Structure and Composition in the Apicomplexans Toxoplasma and Plasmodium Maria E
Francia et al. Cilia (2016) 5:3 DOI 10.1186/s13630-016-0025-5 Cilia REVIEW Open Access Basal body structure and composition in the apicomplexans Toxoplasma and Plasmodium Maria E. Francia1* , Jean‑Francois Dubremetz2 and Naomi S. Morrissette3 Abstract The phylum Apicomplexa encompasses numerous important human and animal disease-causing parasites, includ‑ ing the Plasmodium species, and Toxoplasma gondii, causative agents of malaria and toxoplasmosis, respectively. Apicomplexans proliferate by asexual replication and can also undergo sexual recombination. Most life cycle stages of the parasite lack flagella; these structures only appear on male gametes. Although male gametes (microgametes) assemble a typical 9 2 axoneme, the structure of the templating basal body is poorly defined. Moreover, the rela‑ tionship between asexual+ stage centrioles and microgamete basal bodies remains unclear. While asexual stages of Plasmodium lack defined centriole structures, the asexual stages of Toxoplasma and closely related coccidian api‑ complexans contain centrioles that consist of nine singlet microtubules and a central tubule. There are relatively few ultra-structural images of Toxoplasma microgametes, which only develop in cat intestinal epithelium. Only a subset of these include sections through the basal body: to date, none have unambiguously captured organization of the basal body structure. Moreover, it is unclear whether this basal body is derived from pre-existing asexual stage centrioles or is synthesized de novo. Basal bodies in Plasmodium microgametes are thought to be synthesized de novo, and their assembly remains ill-defined. Apicomplexan genomes harbor genes encoding δ- and ε-tubulin homologs, potentially enabling these parasites to assemble a typical triplet basal body structure. -
Molecular Data and the Evolutionary History of Dinoflagellates by Juan Fernando Saldarriaga Echavarria Diplom, Ruprecht-Karls-Un
Molecular data and the evolutionary history of dinoflagellates by Juan Fernando Saldarriaga Echavarria Diplom, Ruprecht-Karls-Universitat Heidelberg, 1993 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES Department of Botany We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA November 2003 © Juan Fernando Saldarriaga Echavarria, 2003 ABSTRACT New sequences of ribosomal and protein genes were combined with available morphological and paleontological data to produce a phylogenetic framework for dinoflagellates. The evolutionary history of some of the major morphological features of the group was then investigated in the light of that framework. Phylogenetic trees of dinoflagellates based on the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU) are generally poorly resolved but include many well- supported clades, and while combined analyses of SSU and LSU (large subunit ribosomal RNA) improve the support for several nodes, they are still generally unsatisfactory. Protein-gene based trees lack the degree of species representation necessary for meaningful in-group phylogenetic analyses, but do provide important insights to the phylogenetic position of dinoflagellates as a whole and on the identity of their close relatives. Molecular data agree with paleontology in suggesting an early evolutionary radiation of the group, but whereas paleontological data include only taxa with fossilizable cysts, the new data examined here establish that this radiation event included all dinokaryotic lineages, including athecate forms. Plastids were lost and replaced many times in dinoflagellates, a situation entirely unique for this group. Histones could well have been lost earlier in the lineage than previously assumed. -
University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur
GENETIC DIVERSITY STUDY, EXPRESSION AND IMMUNOCHARACTERIZATION OF PLASMODIUM KNOWLESI MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-3 (MSP-3) IN ESCHERICHIA COLI JEREMY RYAN DE SILVA THESIS SUBMITTED IN FULLFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTSMalaya FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY of FACULTY OF MEDICINE UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR University 2017 UNIVERSITI MALAYA ORIGINAL LITERARY WORK DECLARATION Name of Candidate : Jeremy Ryan De Silva Registration / Matric No : MHA120057 Name of Degree : Doctor Of Philosophy (Ph.D) Title of Project Paper / Research Report / Dissertation / Thesis (“this Work”): Genetic diversity study, expression and immunocharacterization of Plasmodium Knowlesi Merozoite Surface Protein-3 (MSP-3) in Escherichia Coli Field of Study : Medical Parasitology I do solemnly and sincerely declare that: [1] I am the sole author / writer of this Work; [2] This Work is original; [3] Any use of any work in which copyright exists was done by way of fair dealing and for permitted purposes and any excerpt or extract from, or reference to or reproduction of any copyright work has been disclosed expressly and sufficiently and the title ofMalaya the Work and its authorship have been acknowledged in this Work; [4] I do not have any actual knowledge nor do I ought reasonably to know that the making of this work constitutes an infringement of any copyright work; [5] I hereby assign all and every rights in the copyrightof to this Work to the University of Malaya (“UM”), who henceforth shall be owner of the copyright in this Work and that any reproduction or use in any form or by any means whatsoever is prohibited without the written consent of UM having been first had and obtained; [6] I am fully aware that if in the course of making this Work I have infringed any copyright whether intentionally or otherwise, I may be subject to legal action or any other action as may be determined by UM. -
Texto Completo
Ministério da Saúde Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde Estudo Molecular dos Parasitos Causadores da Malária Simiana no Centro de Primatologia do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil por Denise Anete Madureira de Alvarenga Belo Horizonte Dezembro/2014 DISSERTAÇÃO MBCM-CPqRR D.A.M. ALVARENGA 2014 Alvarenga, DAM Ministério da Saúde Fundação Oswaldo Cruz Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde Estudo Molecular dos Parasitos Causadores da Malária Simiana no Centro de Primatologia do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil por Denise Anete Madureira de Alvarenga Dissertação apresentada com vistas à obtenção do Título de Mestre em Ciências na área de concentração Biologia Celular e Molecular. Orientação: Dra. Cristiana Ferreira Alves de Brito Co-orientação: Dra. Taís Nóbrega de Sousa Belo Horizonte Dezembro/2014 Alvarenga, DAM II Catalogação-na-fonte Rede de Bibliotecas da FIOCRUZ Biblioteca do CPqRR Segemar Oliveira Magalhães CRB/6 1975 A473e 2014 Alvarenga, Denise Anete Madureira. Estudo Molecular dos Parasitos Causadores da Malária Simiana no Centro de Primatologia do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil / Denise Anete Madureira de Alvarenga. – Belo Horizonte, 2014. XXI, 58 f.: il.; 210 x 297mm Bibliografia: f. 70 - 77 Dissertação (mestrado) – Dissertação para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências pelo Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ciências da Saúde do Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Área de concentração: Biologia Celular e Molecular. 1. Malária Vivax/genética 2. Plasmodium vivax /imunologia 3. Reservatórios de Doenças/classificação I. Título. II. Brito, Cristiana Ferreira Alves (Orientação). III. Souza, Taís Nóbrega (Co-orientação) CDD – 22. -
Ana Júlia Dutra Nunes Prevalência De Infecção
ANA JÚLIA DUTRA NUNES PREVALÊNCIA DE INFECÇÃO POR Plasmodium spp. E SUA ASSOCIAÇÃO COM OS PARÂMETROS BIOQUÍMICOS E HEMATOLÓGICOS DE Alouatta guariba clamitans (CABRERA, 1940) (PRIMATES: ATELIDAE) DE VIDA LIVRE JOINVILLE, 2019 ANA JÚLIA DUTRA NUNES PREVALÊNCIA DE INFECÇÃO POR Plasmodium spp. E SUA ASSOCIAÇÃO COM OS PARÂMETROS BIOQUÍMICOS E HEMATOLÓGICOS DE Alouatta guariba clamitans (CABRERA, 1940) (PRIMATES: ATELIDAE) DE VIDA LIVRE. Dissertação de mestrado apresentada como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Mestre em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, na Universidade da Região de Joinville. Orientadora: Dra. Marta Jussara Cremer. Coorientadora: Dra. Cristiana Ferreira Alves de Brito. JOINVILLE, 2019 Catalogação na publicação pela Biblioteca Universitária da Univille Nunes, Ana Júlia Dutra N972p Prevalência de infecção por Plasmodium spp. e sua associação com os parâmetros bioquímicos e hematológicos de Alouatta guariba clamitans (Cabrera, 1940) (Primates: Atelidae) de vida livre. / Ana Júlia Dutra Nunes; orientadora Dra. Marta Jussara Cremer, coorientadora Dra. Cristiana Ferreira Alves de Brito. – Joinville: UNIVILLE, 2019. 65 p.: il. ; 30 cm Dissertação (Mestrado em Saúde e Meio Ambiente – Universidade da Região de Joinville) 1. Alouatta guariba clamitans Cabrera. 2. Malária. 3. Conservação de espécies. I. Cremer, Marta Jussara (orient.). II. Brito, Cristiana Ferreira Alves de (coord.). III. Título. CDD 636.200896951 Elaborada por Christiane de Viveiros Cardozo – CRB-14/778 Termo de Aprovação "Prevalência da Infecção por Plasmodium spp e sua Associação com os Parâmetros Bioquímicos e Hematológicos de Alouatta guariba clamitans (Cabrera, 1940) (Primates: Atelidae) de Vida Livre" por Ana Júlia Dutra Nunes Dissertação julgada para a obtenção do título de Mestra em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, área de concentração Saúde e Meio Ambiente e aprovada em sua forma final pelo Programa de Pós- Graduação em Saúde e Meio Ambiente. -
FIELD GUIDE to WARMWATER FISH DISEASES in CENTRAL and EASTERN EUROPE, the CAUCASUS and CENTRAL ASIA Cover Photographs: Courtesy of Kálmán Molnár and Csaba Székely
SEC/C1182 (En) FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular I SSN 2070-6065 FIELD GUIDE TO WARMWATER FISH DISEASES IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE, THE CAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA Cover photographs: Courtesy of Kálmán Molnár and Csaba Székely. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No. 1182 SEC/C1182 (En) FIELD GUIDE TO WARMWATER FISH DISEASES IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE, THE CAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA By Kálmán Molnár1, Csaba Székely1 and Mária Láng2 1Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary 2 National Food Chain Safety Office – Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, Budapest, Hungary FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Ankara, 2019 Required citation: Molnár, K., Székely, C. and Láng, M. 2019. Field guide to the control of warmwater fish diseases in Central and Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No.1182. Ankara, FAO. 124 pp. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. -
Bakalářská Práce
MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA PŘÍRODOVĚDECKÁ FAKULTA ÚSTAV BOTANIKY A ZOOLOGIE Bakalářská práce Brno 2013 Kateřina Skulinová MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA PŘÍRODOVĚDECKÁ FAKULTA ÚSTAV BOTANIKY A ZOOLOGIE PARAZITI GASTROINTESTINÁLNÍHO TRAKTU VOLNĚ ŽIJÍCÍCH GIBONŮ (HYLOBATES ALBIBARBIS) Z KALIMANTANU Bakalářská práce Kateřina Skulinová Vedoucí práce: MVDr. Ivona Foitová, Ph.D. Brno 2013 Bibliografický záznam Autor: Kateřina Skulinová Přírodovědecká fakulta, Masarykova univerzita Ústav botaniky a zoologie Název práce: Paraziti gastrointestinálního traktu volně žijících gibonů (Hylobates albibarbis) z Kalimantanu Studijní program: Ekologická a evoluční biologie Studijní obor: Ekologická a evoluční biologie, směr Zoologie Vedoucí práce: MVDr. Ivona Foitová, Ph.D. Akademický rok: 2012/2013 Počet stran: 39+6 Klíčová slova: Gibon, Hylobates albibarbis, gastrointestinální paraziti, Borneo, Kalimantan, Bibliographic Entry Author Kateřina Skulinová Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Department of Botany and Zoology Title of Thesis: Gastrointestinal parasites of wild Bornean agille gibons (Hylobates albibarbis) Degree programme: Ecological and evolutionary biology Ecological and evolutionary biology, specialization Field of Study: Zoology Supervisor: MVDr. Ivona Foitová, Ph.D. Academic Year: 2012/2013 Number of Pages: 39+6 Keywords: Gibbon, Hylobates albibarbis, gastrointestinal parasites, Kalimantan, Borneo Abstrakt V této práci jsou předkládány výsledky parazitologického vyšetření 15 vzorků trusu nasbíraných v roce 2010 od devíti divokých gibonů bělobradých -
The Nuclear 18S Ribosomal Dnas of Avian Haemosporidian Parasites Josef Harl1, Tanja Himmel1, Gediminas Valkiūnas2 and Herbert Weissenböck1*
Harl et al. Malar J (2019) 18:305 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2940-6 Malaria Journal RESEARCH Open Access The nuclear 18S ribosomal DNAs of avian haemosporidian parasites Josef Harl1, Tanja Himmel1, Gediminas Valkiūnas2 and Herbert Weissenböck1* Abstract Background: Plasmodium species feature only four to eight nuclear ribosomal units on diferent chromosomes, which are assumed to evolve independently according to a birth-and-death model, in which new variants origi- nate by duplication and others are deleted throughout time. Moreover, distinct ribosomal units were shown to be expressed during diferent developmental stages in the vertebrate and mosquito hosts. Here, the 18S rDNA sequences of 32 species of avian haemosporidian parasites are reported and compared to those of simian and rodent Plasmodium species. Methods: Almost the entire 18S rDNAs of avian haemosporidians belonging to the genera Plasmodium (7), Haemo- proteus (9), and Leucocytozoon (16) were obtained by PCR, molecular cloning, and sequencing ten clones each. Phy- logenetic trees were calculated and sequence patterns were analysed and compared to those of simian and rodent malaria species. A section of the mitochondrial CytB was also sequenced. Results: Sequence patterns in most avian Plasmodium species were similar to those in the mammalian parasites with most species featuring two distinct 18S rDNA sequence clusters. Distinct 18S variants were also found in Haemopro- teus tartakovskyi and the three Leucocytozoon species, whereas the other species featured sets of similar haplotypes. The 18S rDNA GC-contents of the Leucocytozoon toddi complex and the subgenus Parahaemoproteus were extremely high with 49.3% and 44.9%, respectively. -
Ecology and Evolution of Malarial Parasites In
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION OF MALARIAL PARASITES IN VERTEBRATE HOSTS A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School Of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Holly Lynn Lutz August 2016 © Holly Lynn Lutz 2016 ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION OF MALARIAL PARASITES IN VERTEBRATE HOSTS Holly Lynn Lutz, Ph.D. Cornell University 2016 This dissertation represents a culmination of extensive field work and collections of African vertebrates and their symbionts, as well as experimental studies carried out in the laboratory. Field work was conducted primarily in the East African countries of Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, and Uganda. Throughout these expeditions, efforts were made to improve field protocols for the comprehensive sampling of wild vertebrates and their symbionts, with particular focus on the sampling of avian blood parasites (haematozoa), ectoparasites (arthropods), endoparasites (helminths), and microbial symbionts (bacteria and viruses). This dissertation therefore includes a chapter with detailed guidelines and protocols for sampling avian symbionts based on these experiences. Following chapters rely on data from both field collections and laboratory experiments, which provide a foundation for addressing the ecology, systematics, and molecular evolution of malarial parasites in vertebrate hosts. Specifically, haemosporidian data from 2,539 Afrotropical birds and small mammals (bats, rodents, and shrews) collected during field inventories were used to (1) test hypotheses linking host life history traits and host ecology to patterns of infection by three haemosporidian parasite genera in birds (Plasmodium, Haemoproteus, and Leucocytozoon), and (2) re-evaluate the molecular phylogeny of the order Haemosporida by incorporating existing genomic data from haemosporidian parasites with data from novel parasite lineages infecting major vertebrate host groups, including birds, mammals, and reptiles. -
Protozoan Parasites
Welcome to “PARA-SITE: an interactive multimedia electronic resource dedicated to parasitology”, developed as an educational initiative of the ASP (Australian Society of Parasitology Inc.) and the ARC/NHMRC (Australian Research Council/National Health and Medical Research Council) Research Network for Parasitology. PARA-SITE was designed to provide basic information about parasites causing disease in animals and people. It covers information on: parasite morphology (fundamental to taxonomy); host range (species specificity); site of infection (tissue/organ tropism); parasite pathogenicity (disease potential); modes of transmission (spread of infections); differential diagnosis (detection of infections); and treatment and control (cure and prevention). This website uses the following devices to access information in an interactive multimedia format: PARA-SIGHT life-cycle diagrams and photographs illustrating: > developmental stages > host range > sites of infection > modes of transmission > clinical consequences PARA-CITE textual description presenting: > general overviews for each parasite assemblage > detailed summaries for specific parasite taxa > host-parasite checklists Developed by Professor Peter O’Donoghue, Artwork & design by Lynn Pryor School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences The School of Biological Sciences Published by: Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072 Australia [July, 2010] ISBN 978-1-8649999-1-4 http://parasite.org.au/ 1 Foreword In developing this resource, we considered it essential that -
Ungulate Malaria Parasites Thomas J
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Ungulate malaria parasites Thomas J. Templeton1,2,*, Masahito Asada1,*, Montakan Jiratanh3, Sohta A. Ishikawa4,5, Sonthaya Tiawsirisup6, Thillaiampalam Sivakumar7, Boniface Namangala8, Mika Takeda1, Kingdao Mohkaew3, Supawan Ngamjituea3, Noboru Inoue7, Chihiro Sugimoto9, Yuji Inagaki5,10, Yasuhiko Suzuki9, Naoaki Yokoyama7, Morakot Kaewthamasorn11 & Osamu Kaneko1 Received: 14 December 2015 Accepted: 02 March 2016 Haemosporida parasites of even-toed ungulates are diverse and globally distributed, but since their discovery in 1913 their characterization has relied exclusively on microscopy-based descriptions. In Published: 21 March 2016 order to bring molecular approaches to bear on the identity and evolutionary relationships of ungulate malaria parasites, we conducted Plasmodium cytb-specific nested PCR surveys using blood from water buffalo in Vietnam and Thailand, and goats in Zambia. We found thatPlasmodium is readily detectable from water buffalo in these countries, indicating that buffaloPlasmodium is distributed in a wider region than India, which is the only area in which buffaloPlasmodium has been reported. Two types (I and II) of Plasmodium sequences were identified from water buffalo and a third type (III) was isolated from goat. Morphology of the parasite was confirmed in Giemsa-reagent stained blood smears for the Type I sample. Complete mitochondrial DNA sequences were isolated and used to infer a phylogeny in which ungulate malaria parasites form a monophyletic clade within the Haemosporida, and branch prior to the clade containing bird, lizard and other mammalian Plasmodium. Thus it is likely that host switching of Plasmodium from birds to mammals occurred multiple times, with a switch to ungulates independently from other mammalian Plasmodium. -
High Diversity of West African Bat Malaria Parasites and a Tight Link with Rodent Plasmodium Taxa
High diversity of West African bat malaria parasites and a tight link with rodent Plasmodium taxa Juliane Schaera,b,1,2, Susan L. Perkinsc,1,2, Jan Decherd, Fabian H. Leendertze, Jakob Fahrf,g, Natalie Weberh, and Kai Matuschewskia,i aParasitology Unit, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, 10117 Berlin, Germany; bMuseum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Research on Evolution and Biodiversity, 10115 Berlin, Germany; cSackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024; dSection of Mammals, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum A. König, 53113 Bonn, Germany; eRobert Koch Institute, 13302 Berlin, Germany; fZoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; gDepartment of Migration and Immuno-ecology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, 78315 Radolfzell, Germany; hInstitute of Experimental Ecology, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany; and iInstitute of Biology, Humboldt University, 10117 Berlin, Germany Edited by Jitender P. Dubey, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, and approved September 10, 2013 (received for review June 10, 2013) As the only volant mammals, bats are captivating for their high to the late 19th century (10). The corresponding vectors for most taxonomic diversity, for their vital roles in ecosystems—particularly as bat parasites remain unknown. Similarly, the phylogenetic rela- pollinators and insectivores—and, more recently, for their important tionships for the majority of these parasites remain enigmatic. roles in the maintenance and transmission of zoonotic viral diseases. Here, we present a unique systematic analysis of Haemosporida Genome sequences have identified evidence for a striking expansion in a diverse species assemblage of bats. For this study, we per- of and positive selection in gene families associated with immunity.