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Jean Baptiste Francois Pompallier, Thomas Arnold and Julian Edmund

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Jean Baptiste Francois Pompallier, Thomas Arnold and Julian Edmund JEAN BAPTISTE FRANCOIS POMPALLIER, THOMAS ARNOLD AND JULIAN EDMUND TENISON WOODS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CATHOLIC SCHOOLING IN AUSTRALASIA MEGAN E. PARRY Bachelor of Arts (Hons.) Division of Research and Commercialisation Queensland University of Technology Submitted in full requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2013 Abstract Histories of Catholic education have received little attention by Church historians and are usually written by members of the Catholic clergy, with a strong emphasis placed on the spiritual and building accomplishments of the bishops. This thesis examines the provision of Catholic Education in Australasia, with a focus on the contribution of three men, Jean Baptiste Francois Pompallier, Thomas Arnold and Julian Edmund Tenison Woods. These men received support from the female religious orders in the regions where they worked, frequently with little recognition or praise by Catholic Church authorities. The tenets of their faith gave Pompallier and Woods strength and reinforced their determination to succeed. Arnold, however, possessed a strong desire to change society. All three believed in the desirability of providing Catholic schooling for the poor, with the curriculum facilitating the acquisition of socially desirable values and traits, including obedience, honesty, moral respectability and a strong adherence to Catholic religious values. The beneficiaries included society, future employers, the Church, the children and their parents. With the exception of promoting distinctly Catholic religious values, Roman Catholic schools and National schools in Australasia shared identical objectives. Historians have neglected the contributions of these men. i Table of Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................ i Table of Contents ....................................................................................................... ii Statement of Original Authorship ........................................................................... iv Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................... v Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1 Chapter 1 ................................................................................................................. 100 1.1 The Early Years of Julian Edmund Tenison Woods ....................................... 100 1.2 The Establishment of the Churches and the Formation of a System of Education in the Australian Colonies ............................................................. 188 1.3 The Arrival of the Churches and the Establishment of Education in Melbourne ....................................................................................................... 344 Chapter 2 ................................................................................................................. 466 2.1 The New Settlers of South Australia and the Desire for Education ............... 466 2.2 Woods’s Journey from England to Adelaide via Hobart .................................. 48 2.3 The Meeting of Woods and MacKillop ............................................................ 51 Chapter 3 ................................................................................................................... 67 3.1 Bishop James Quinn and the Arrival of the Sisters of St Joseph in Queensland ........................................................................................................ 67 3.2 The Institute and Woods’s Fall from Grace ...................................................... 79 3.3 Religious Anarchy ............................................................................................ 82 3.4 The Excommunication of Mary MacKillop .................................................... 855 3.5 The Death of Bishop Sheil ................................................................................ 88 Chapter 4 ................................................................................................................... 92 4.1 Woods’s Missionary Life Begins and a New Foundation is Formed ............... 92 4.2 Bishop James Murray and Development of the Maitland Diocese and Schools .......................................................................................................... 1144 Chapter 5 ............................................................................................................... 1244 5.1 The Establishment of the Churches and the Formation of a System of Education in the Colony of New Zealand ..................................................... 1244 5.2 The Arrival of Thomas Arnold in New Zealand ........................................... 1355 5.3 The Separation of the Catholic Diocese in New Zealand ............................. 1422 5.4 The Departure of Pompallier and the Arrival of the Irish Catholic Bishops.......................................................................................................... 1511 5.5 The Development of Catholic Education in Wanganui ................................ 1722 5.6 Troubling Times in New Zealand ............................................................... 17878 ii Chapter 6 .............................................................................................................. 1833 6.1 The Establishment of the Churches and the Formation of a System of Education in Van Diemen’s Land................................................................. 1833 Conclusion ............................................................................................................. 2155 Bibliography ......................................................................................................... 2211 iii Statement of Original Authorship The work contained in this thesis has not been previously submitted to meet requirements for an award at this or any other higher education institution. To the best of my knowledge and belief the thesis contains no material previously published or written by another person except where due reference is made. Signature: _QUT Verified Signature_ Megan E. Parry 29 April 2013 Date: __________________________ iv Acknowledgements I would like to express my sincere thanks for the generous support and advice provided by my Principal Supervisor, Dr Keith Moore, from the Faculty of Education at QUT. Without his guidance and vast knowledge of historical topics and events, this thesis may not have reached its completion. I would also like to convey my thanks to my Associate Supervisor, Aspro Barbara Adkins. I was also lucky to receive ongoing support during my Candidature from staff and academics at QUT from the Division of Research and Commercialisation. They include Professor Gavin Kendall, Post-Graduate Co-ordinator, Susan Gasson, Manager of the RSC. And although placed last, the kindness presented to me on a frequent and sometimes daily basis by Melody McIntosh, my Student Advisor and Administration Officer cannot be easily expressed, but her support has been important. QUT Document Delivery staff have been invaluable with their professional service and assistance and I would like to also express my thanks to the library staff at the Caboolture Campus library for their support. The Archivists from the Sisters of St Joseph have opened their archives with true Josephite spirit allowing me access to personal diaries, correspondence and many surprises. Those who deserve my heartfelt thanks include: Marie Crowley, Perthville, NSW, Sr Colleen Power, Hobart, Tasmania, Sr Margaret Anne Geatches and Sr Ellen Royen, Lochinvar, NSW, Sr Catherine Shelton, Whanganui, New Zealand, Sr Margaret McKenna, Brisbane and Sr Benedetta Bennett, North Sydney. I have also appreciated the kindness offered to me in gaining access to personal documents collected by Sr Janice Tranter from the Sisters of St Joseph at Lochinvar and especially the unique access offered by Sr Mary Philippa from the Sisters of Perpetual Adoration in Fortitude Valley, Queensland and who has remained my champion throughout this research journey. Sr Elizabeth Hellwig OP, Archivist of the Dominican Order of Preachers in Strathfield, NSW has provided many primary and secondary sources to aid in my investigation and for her assistance, I am thankful to her and to the Sisters from the Archives of the Good Samaritan Sisters in Glebe, NSW. The research libraries I have accessed have also been of immeasurable assistance in my examination of historical sources, they include, the Catholic Archdiocese of Hobart Museum and Archives and the Tasmanian Archive and Heritage Office, Hobart. As well as the Mitchell Library, the Veech Library and the State Archives of NSW, Queensland and New Zealand, the Catholic Diocesan Archives in NSW, Victoria, South Australia and New Zealand. The assistance and professionalism of Chris Page, Proofreader, assisted with the presentation of this thesis and I extend my sincere thanks. Much kindness and support has also been provided by Eve Brown and Makelita Sheehan, my exiles from New Zealand. Finally my thanks must be expressed to my parents, Royston and Irene who not only shared their abilities with me, but were always convinced that I could do anything if I tried hard enough. I would also like to thank my not so young children, Tristan, Thomas, Alexandra and Charlotte McNab who
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