Apopka Insect Field Guide
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Schaus' Swallowtail
Bring this image to life: Schaus’ Swallowtail see reverse side for details Heraclides aristodemus ponceanus Florida Museum 3D Butterfly Cards Inspiring people to care about life on earth The critically endangered Schaus’ Swallowtail (Heraclides aristodemus ponceanus) is a large, iconic butterfly found in South Florida. Historically, the butterfly inhabited dense upland forests called tropical hardwood hammocks from the greater Miami area south through the Florida Keys. Habitat loss and fragmentation over the past century have led to severe population declines and range reductions. Today, Schaus’ Swallowtail is restricted to only a few remaining sites in the northern Florida Keys, making it one of the rarest butterflies in the U.S. and our only federally listed swallowtail. Although small numbers occur on Key Largo, the main population resides on islands in Biscayne National Park. Because recent surveys indicate extremely small numbers of butterflies throughout its range, the risk of extinction is thought to be very high. Collaborative conservation and recovery efforts are underway for the Schaus’ Swallowtail. They include regular population monitoring, captive breeding, organism reintroduction and habitat restoration. • Download the Libraries of Life app from the iTunes or Android store and install on your device. • Launch the app and select the Florida Museum icon. • Hold your mobile device camera about 6 inches away from card image. • View specimen and click buttons to view content. Cover photo by: Jaret Daniels The Florida Museum of Natural History is a leading authority in biodiversity and cultural heritage, using its expertise to advance knowledge and solve real world problems. The Florida Museum inspires people to value the biological richness and cultural heritage of our diverse world and make a positive difference in its future. -
Butterfly Gardening Tips & Tricks Gardening for Butterflies Is Fun, Beautiful, and Good for the Environment
Butterfly Gardening Tips & Tricks Gardening for butterflies is fun, beautiful, and good for the environment. It is also simple and can be done in almost any location. The key guidelines are listed below: NO PESTICIDES! Caterpillars are highly susceptible to almost all pesticides so keep them away from your yard if you want butterflies to thrive. Select the right plants. You will need to provide nectar sources for adults and host plants for caterpillars. See the lists below for inspiration. Keep to native varieties as much as possible. Plants come in lots and lots of varieties and cultivars. When selecting plants, especially host plants, try to find native species as close to the natural or wild variety as possible. Provide shelter. Caterpillars need shelter from the sun and shelter from cold nights. Adults need places to roost during the night. And protected areas are needed for the chrysalis to safely undergo its transformation. The best way to provide shelter is with large clumps of tall grasses (native or ornamental) and medium to large evergreen trees and/or shrubs. Nectar Sources Top Ten Nectar Sources: Asclepias spp. (milkweed) Aster spp. Buddleia spp. (butterfly bush) Coreopsis spp. Echinacea spp. (coneflower) Eupatorium spp. (joe-pye weed) Lantana spp. Liatris spp. Pentas spp. Rudbeckia spp. (black-eyed susan) Others: Agastache spp. (hyssop), Apocynum spp. (dogbane), Ceanothus americanus (New Jersey tea), Cephalanthus occidentalis (button bush), Clethra alnifolia, Cuphea spp. (heather), Malus spp. (apple), Mentha spp. (mint), Phlox spp., Pycanthemum incanum (mountain mint), Salivs spp. (sage), Sedum spectabile (stonecrop), Stokesia laevis (cornflower), Taraxacum officinale (dandelion), Triofolium spp. -
The Speciation History of Heliconius: Inferences from Multilocus DNA Sequence Data
The speciation history of Heliconius: inferences from multilocus DNA sequence data by Margarita Sofia Beltrán A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of London September 2004 Department of Biology University College London 1 Abstract Heliconius butterflies, which contain many intermediate stages between local varieties, geographic races, and sympatric species, provide an excellent biological model to study evolution at the species boundary. Heliconius butterflies are warningly coloured and mimetic, and it has been shown that these traits can act as a form of reproductive isolation. I present a species-level phylogeny for this group based on 3834bp of mtDNA (COI, COII, 16S) and nuclear loci (Ef1α, dpp, ap, wg). Using these data I test the geographic mode of speciation in Heliconius and whether mimicry could drive speciation. I found little evidence for allopatric speciation. There are frequent shifts in colour pattern within and between sister species which have a positive and significant correlation with species diversity; this suggests that speciation is facilitated by the evolution of novel mimetic patterns. My data is also consistent with the idea that two major innovations in Heliconius, adult pollen feeding and pupal-mating, each evolved only once. By comparing gene genealogies from mtDNA and introns from nuclear Tpi and Mpi genes, I investigate recent speciation in two sister species pairs, H. erato/H. himera and H. melpomene/H. cydno. There is highly significant discordance between genealogies of the three loci, which suggests recent speciation with ongoing gene flow. Finally, I explore the phylogenetic relationships between races of H. melpomene using an AFLP band tightly linked to the Yb colour pattern locus (which determines the yellow bar in the hindwing). -
(Lepidoptera: Pieridae) Butterflies Are Palatable to Avian Predators
insects Article Evaluating an Alleged Mimic of the Monarch Butterfly: Neophasia (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) Butterflies are Palatable to Avian Predators Dale A. Halbritter 1,2,* , Johnalyn M. Gordon 3, Kandy L. Keacher 4, Michael L. Avery 4,5 and Jaret C. Daniels 2,6 1 USDA-ARS Invasive Plant Research Laboratory, 3225 College Ave, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA 2 Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, 1881 Natural Area Dr, Steinmetz Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; jdaniels@flmnh.ufl.edu 3 Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3205 College Ave, Davie, FL 33314, USA; johnalynmgordon@ufl.edu 4 Florida Field Station, USDA-APHIS National Wildlife Research Center, 2820 E University Ave, Gainesville, FL 32641, USA; [email protected] (K.L.K.); [email protected] (M.L.A.) 5 2906 NW 14th Pl., Gainesville, FL 32605, USA 6 McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, 3215 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA * Correspondence: dhalb001@ufl.edu or [email protected]; Tel.: +1-661-406-8932 Received: 28 September 2018; Accepted: 22 October 2018; Published: 29 October 2018 Abstract: Some taxa have adopted the strategy of mimicry to protect themselves from predation. Butterflies are some of the best representatives used to study mimicry, with the monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) a well-known model. We are the first to empirically investigate a proposed mimic of the monarch butterfly: Neophasia terlooii, the Mexican pine white butterfly (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). We used captive birds to assess the palatability of N. terlooii and its sister species, N. -
Ohio Economic Insects and Related Arthropods
April 1989 · Bulletin 752 OHIO ECONOMIC INSECTS AND RELATED ARTHROPODS Armyworm feeding on com; 2x. (USDA) This list was prepared in cooperation with faculty of the Ohio Cooperative Extension Service, the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, the Ohio Department of Agriculture, the Ohio Department of Health, The Ohio State University and the Plant Pest Control Division of the United States Department of Agriculture . .Uhio Cooperative Extension Service The Ohio State University 2 OHIO ECONOMIC INSECTS AND RELATED ARTUROPODS For additional information, contact William F. Lyon, Extension Entomologist, The Ohio State University, 1991 Kenny Road, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1090. Phone: (614) m-5274. INTRODUCTION This list of Ohio Economic Insects and Related Arthropods was first assembled back in 1962-1964 while employed as the first "Survey Entomologist" of Ohio based at The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio. It was felt that such a list would serve as a valuable reference and useful purpose for commercial, government and public needs. This list was prepared and updated in cooperation with faculty of the Ohio Cooperative Extension Service, the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, the Ohio Department of Agriculture, the Ohio Department of Health, the Ohio State University and the Plant Pest Control Division of the United States Department of Agriculture. Common and scientific names are listed under various host and habitat categories. ACKNQWLEDGEMENT Several individuals have made valuable contributions to this list of Ohio Insects and Related Arthropods. by updating common names, scientific names, hosts and habitats. Carl W. Albrecht George Keeney Bruce Eisley Richard K. Lindquist John K. -
July 2020 Diagnostic Summary Prepared by Abby Beissinger, Diagnostician & Carl Johnson, Intern Department of Plant Science & Landscape Architecture August 7, 2020
July 2020 Diagnostic Summary Prepared by Abby Beissinger, Diagnostician & Carl Johnson, Intern Department of Plant Science & Landscape Architecture August 7, 2020 News • Connecticut residents are asked to report receipt of any unsolicited packages of seeds received from China to the state’s plant regulatory officials, Dr. Kirby Stafford ([email protected]) and Dr. Victoria Smith ([email protected]). Please keep the seeds and packaging, including the mailing label, until you are contacted with further instructions. For the press release, visit: https://rb.gy/hrnxft. • In August, leadership of the UConn Plant Diagnostic Lab will be shifting to Dawn Pettinelli, Manager and Matt Debacco, Interim Diagnostician. For any questions, please contact: [email protected]. Frequent Reports Bacterial leaf spot, cedar apple rust, chemical injuries, Colorado potato beetles, insect galls, Phytophthora root rot, powdery mildew, scale insects, and sun scald. Reports by Location UConn Plant Diagnostic Lab/ Home & Garden Education Center Arthropods on plants Arborvitae leaf miner on arborvitae European corn borer on corn Azalea bark scale on rhododendron False potato beetle on ornamental sp. Blueberry winter moth caterpillar on blueberry Four lined plant bug on mint Cerastipsocus venosus on magnolia Oak skeletonizer on oak Cherry scale on weeping cherry (2) Rudebckia psyllid on rudbeckia Cicada on asparagus Scale (sp. unknown) on euonymous Colorado potato beetle (susp.) on potato Squash beetle on squash Cottony camellia scale on holly Squash vine borer on pumpkin Cottony taxus scale on yew Tobacco hornworm on pepper Cross striped cabbageworm on cabbage Western flower thrips on pepper Eriophyid mite on caryopteris Zelus assasin bug on cucumber Euonymous scale on pachysandra Arborvitae leaf miner (left; photo by A. -
Zebra Longwing See Reverse Side for Details (Heliconius Charithonia)
Bring this image to life: Zebra Longwing see reverse side for details (Heliconius charithonia) Florida Museum 3D Butterfly Cards Inspiring people to care about life on earth The Zebra Longwing (Heliconius charithonia) is Florida’s state butterfly. Aptly named, the adults have elongated black wings with pale yellow stripes. Found throughout Florida, it is a butterfly of woodlands, forest edges and adjacent open areas including gardens. Adults have a slow, graceful flight and readily visit available flowers where they are easy to closely observe. A year-round resident of the southern counties, it is sensitive to freezing temperatures and is most abundant in more northern portions of Florida in years with mild winters. Females deposit small, yellow eggs singly or in small clusters on the new growth or tendrils of passionflower vines. The resulting larvae are white with small black spots and black spines. Numerous generations are produced each year. The Zebra Longwing feeds on both flower nectar and pollen. Adults gather pollen grains on their proboscis, amassing them into a large ball. They then secrete saliva to dissolve the pollen and drink the liquid. The resulting nutrient-rich diet enables individuals to survive for several months, far exceeding the typical few week life span of most adult butterflies. The adults are truly social butterflies and form roosting aggregations on branches or Spanish Moss at night. The same communal roost may be used for many nights. • Download the Libraries of Life app from the iTunes or Android store and install on your device. • Launch the app and select the Florida Museum icon. -
Backyard Butterflies, Lepidopterology Study & ID Guide
Lepidopterology is the study of butterflies and moths. See how many of these common central Florida butterflies you can find and identify. Record your observations in the boxes next to each species. Butterflies with Orange Coloration - From the largest (monarch) to smallest (phaon crescent and little metalmark), look for these species in parks and gardens, fields, forest edges, on roadsides, streambanks, and shorelines. Monarch Viceroy Queen (Danaus plexippus) (Limenitis archippus) (Danaus gilippus) Red Admiral Gulf Fritillary Variegated American (Vanessa atalanta) (Agraulis vanillae) Fritillary (Painted) Lady (Euptoieta claudia) (Vanessa virginiensis) Question Mark Hackberry White Common (Polygonia Emperor Peacock Buckeye interrogationis) (Asterocampa celtis) (Anartia jatrophae) (Junonia coenia) American Snout Fiery Skipper Pearl Crescent Little (Libytheana (Hylephila phyleus) (Phyciodes tharos) Metalmark carinenta) (Calephelis virginiensis) Whites and Sulphurs - Most species of family Pieridae are white, yellow, or orange; some with black markings. Great Southern Cloudless Orange-barred Southern White Sulphur Sulphur Dogface (Ascia monuste) (Phoebis sennae) (Phoebis philea) (Zerene cesonia) “Exceptional”s - Look for zebra heliconian, Florida’s state butterfly, in shaded woodland edges. The giant luna isn’t a butterfly, but with luck you may spy this moth by day. Red-spotted purples mimic the distasteful pipevine swallowtails. Zebra Longwing Luna Moth Red-spotted Purple (Heliconius charithonia) (Actias luna) (Limenitis arthemis astyanax) -
Research Progress Reports for Pierce's Disease and Other
2019 Research Progress Reports Research Progress Reports Pierce’s Disease and Other Designated Pests and Diseases of Winegrapes - December 2019 - Compiled by: Pierce’s Disease Control Program California Department of Food and Agriculture Sacramento, CA 95814 2019 Research Progress Reports Editor: Thomas Esser, CDFA Cover Design: Sean Veling, CDFA Cover Photograph: Photo by David Köhler on Unsplash Cite as: Research Progress Reports: Pierce’s Disease and Other Designated Pests and Diseases of Winegrapes. December 2019. California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, CA. Available on the Internet at: https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/pdcp/Research.html Acknowledgements: Many thanks to the scientists and cooperators conducting research on Pierce’s disease and other pests and diseases of winegrapes for submitting reports for inclusion in this document. Note to Readers: The reports in this document have not been peer reviewed. 2019 Research Progress Reports TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1: Xylella fastidiosa and Pierce’s Disease REPORTS • Addressing Knowledge Gaps in Pierce’s Disease Epidemiology: Underappreciated Vectors, Genotypes, and Patterns of Spread Rodrigo P.P. Almeida, Monica L. Cooper, Matt Daugherty, and Rhonda Smith ......................2 • Testing of Grapevines Designed to Block Vector Transmission of Xylella fastidiosa Rodrigo P.P. Almeida ..............................................................................................................11 • Field-Testing Transgenic Grapevine Rootstocks Expressing Chimeric Antimicrobial -
Species List for Garey Park-Inverts
Species List for Garey Park-Inverts Category Order Family Scientific Name Common Name Abundance Category Order Family Scientific Name Common Name Abundance Arachnid Araneae Agelenidae Funnel Weaver Common Arachnid Araneae Thomisidae Misumena vatia Goldenrod Crab Spider Common Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Araneus miniatus Black-Spotted Orbweaver Rare Arachnid Araneae Thomisidae Misumessus oblongus American Green Crab Spider Common Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Argiope aurantia Yellow Garden Spider Common Arachnid Araneae Uloboridae Uloborus glomosus Featherlegged Orbweaver Uncommon Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Argiope trifasciata Banded Garden Spider Uncommon Arachnid Endeostigmata Eriophyidae Aceria theospyri Persimmon Leaf Blister Gall Rare Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Gasteracantha cancriformis Spinybacked Orbweaver Common Arachnid Endeostigmata Eriophyidae Aculops rhois Poison Ivy Leaf Mite Common Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Gea heptagon Heptagonal Orbweaver Rare Arachnid Ixodida Ixodidae Amblyomma americanum Lone Star Tick Rare Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Larinioides cornutus Furrow Orbweaver Common Arachnid Ixodida Ixodidae Dermacentor variabilis American Dog Tick Common Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Mangora gibberosa Lined Orbweaver Uncommon Arachnid Opiliones Sclerosomatidae Leiobunum vittatum Eastern Harvestman Uncommon Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Mangora placida Tuft-legged Orbweaver Uncommon Arachnid Trombidiformes Anystidae Whirligig Mite Rare Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Mecynogea lemniscata Basilica Orbweaver Rare Arachnid Eumesosoma roeweri -
4 Plant Pest
()')/\} cJ()OO PPN' /J(!'tr} 4 4 " Uh PLANT PEST Alfl~lflttfl'C. MINNESOTA EXTENSION SERVICE ~ - -;--;:;"j 1 1U N IV E R SIT Y 0 F M IN N ES 0 TA ( PPST13 ':ll July12,1991) ~I~ <: IJ,111~ff, j IN THIS ISSUE --- PAGE SMALL GRAINS ••.•..•..••.••..••.••..•...••.••.•••.••••..••.••.•..•..•..•.••.•.••.•••••••..•.••••••••••••••.•••••. 83 GREEN BUG •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 83 STORED GRAIN •.•..•.••..•.•••.•..•••..••.•..••.••.....••.•••.•.•••••.•••••.••••.••••.•.•••.•....•••.••••••.•.•••• 84 WANTED: INDIANMEAL MOTHS FOR RESEARCH •••.•..••.•••••.•..•.•.••.••••••.•.•.••...••.••.•.•..•.••• 84 SUNFLOWERS •••.•..•••••...••••..•..••..•..•...••.•••..••..••••..•.••.••••.•.••••.•••••••••.•••.•.•••••.••.••••.•. 84 SEED INSECT (SEED WEEVIL, BANDED SUNFLOWER MOTH, SUNFLOWER MOTH) CONTROL .••.••..••..•...••.••.••..•.••..•.•.••.••••••••.•••.••••.•.•.•.••.•.•.••.••. 84 MISCELLANEOUS ..••.•..•••.•..•..•.•.....••.•..•...••.••.••..••••..••••.•.••••••.•.••.•.•.•••.•.••••.••••.••.•• 85 BLACKLIGHTTAAP CAPTURES •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 85 PLANT D1sEASE CL1N1c'sToPTHREE .......................................................................... 85 Dl1'L u .................................................................................................................. flt) SMALL GRAIN GREEN BUG-Severe green bug damage is being probably not worthwhile to put insecticide on. Yields observed on late planted small grains. Some set-aside, -
Proceedings of the 2018 Pierce's Disease Research Symposium
Proceedings of the 2018 Pierce’s Disease Research Symposium - December 2018 - Compiled by: Pierce’s Disease Control Program California Department of Food and Agriculture Sacramento, CA 95814 Editor: Thomas Esser, CDFA Cover Design: Sean Veling, CDFA Cover Photograph: Ken Freeze, Brown-Miller Communication Printer: California Office of State Publishing, Sacramento, California Cite as: Proceedings of the 2018 Pierce’s Disease Research Symposium. California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, CA. Available on the Internet at: https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/pdcp/Research.html Acknowledgements: Many thanks to the scientists and cooperators conducting research on Pierce’s disease and other pests and diseases of winegrapes for submitting reports for inclusion in this document. Note to Readers: The reports in this document have not been peer reviewed. TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1: Xylella fastidiosa and Pierce’s Disease REPORTS • The Epidemiology of Novel Pdr1 Resistant Grapevines: Epidemic and Vector Movement Models to Support Integrated Disease Management Rodrigo Almeida. ...................................................................................................................................3 • Evaluating Potential Shifts in Pierce's Disease Epidemiology Rodrigo Almeida ..................................................................................................................................11 • Addressing Knowledge Gaps in Pierce’s Disease Epidemiology: Underappreciated Vectors, Genotypes, and Patterns of Spread Rodrigo