International Journal on Theoretical and Applied Research in Mechanical Engineering (IJTARME) ______

Designing – Solar Power Assisted

1Ar. Manisha Yelne, 2AR. Rashmi Tijare Assistant Professor, Assistant Professor

6. By means of propulsion (human powered, motor- Abstract: Looking at current requirement of making institutional campus pollution free a Solar bicycle has been assisted etc.) designed. This is a sincere efforts towards sustainable and 7. And by rider position (upright, recumbent). eco-friendly campus. This paper explains derivation of this a product. By Function, the main categories of in relation to their intended use are: I. INTRODUCTION 1. Roads Bicycle A bicycle, often called a bike is a human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels 2. attached to a frame, one behind the other. A person who 3. rides a bicycle is called a cyclist or bicyclist. 4. The basic shape and configuration of a typical upright or has changed little since the first chain- 5. Racing Bicycle driven model was developed around 1885. However, : are designed for traveling at speed on many details have been improved, especially since the paved roads. advent of modern materials and computer-aided design. These have allowed for a proliferation of specialized The term road bicycle is used to describe bicycles built designs for diverse types of . for traveling at speed on paved roads. Some sources use the term to mean racing bicycle The invention of the bicycle has had an enormous effect on society, both in terms of culture and of advancing modern industrial methods. Several components that eventually played a key role in the development of the automobile were invented for the bicycle, including ball bearings, pneumatic tires, chain-driven sprocket and tension-spoked wheels. The bicycle has undergone continual adaptation and improvement since its inception. These innovations have continued with the advent of modern materials and computer-aided design, allowing for a proliferation of Fig. 1 Road Bicycle specialized bicycle types. Touring bicycles: are designed for bicycle touring and II. MARKET STUDY AND OBSERVATION long journeys. They are durable and comfortable, capable of transporting baggage, and have a wide gear Many types of bicycles are available in the market range. Depending up on function or activity different types of cycle available in the market is as follows: 1. Bicycle categorized by function (i.e. racing, recreation etc.) 2. Number of riders (one, two or more…) 3. By construction or frame type (upright, folding etc.) 4. By gearing (single speed, derailleur gear etc.) Fig. 2 Touring Bicycle 5. By sports (, BMX, triathlon etc.)

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Hybrid bicycles: blend characteristics from more By number of riders, most bicycles are designed for a specialized road bikes, touring bikes and mountain bikes single rider to create a general-purpose, user-friendly bicycle. Their Bikes with child seats or single-child trailers can carry stability, comfort and ease of use makes them popular an adult and a child with beginning bicyclists, casual riders and urban commuters. Bikes with double child trailers can carry an adult and two children

Fig.3 Hybrid Bicycle

A mountain bike or mountain bicycle: (abbreviated MTB) is a bicycle created for off-road cycling. Mountain bikes are typically ridden on single track Fig.6. trails, fire roads, logging roads, and other unpaved A has two riders side by side. environments. These types of terrain commonly include rocks, washouts, ruts, loose sand, loose gravel, roots, A tandem or twin has two or more riders behind each and steep grades (both inclines and declines). Mountain other. bikes are built to handle this terrain and the obstacles A triplet has three riders; a quadruplet has four. that are found in it like logs, vertical drop offs, and smaller boulders. Some bicycles carry more riders: for example, the Conference Bike carries seven, the Bicycle carries fifteen, and party bikes can carry up to 17 people III. OBSERVATIONS OUT OF MARKET STUDY The very cheap easily available and user friendly mode of transporting goods is a bicycle. In our daily life routine we come across many service men who use bicycle as their personal transport and modify them according to their ease of utility, hence there are variety of modified version of bicycle such as milkman bicycle, news paper man, vendor’s Fig 4. A mountain Bike or MTB bicycle,Tiffinbicycle,etc Racing bicycles: are designed for speed, and the sport of competitive road racing. They have lightweight frames and components with minimal accessories, drop handlebars to allow for a powerful and aerodynamic riding position, narrow high-pressure tires for minimal rolling resistance and multiple gears

Fig 7. Vendor Bicycles

Fig 5. Racing Bicycle ______ISSN (Print): 2319-3182, Volume -5, Issue-2, 2016 38 International Journal on Theoretical and Applied Research in Mechanical Engineering (IJTARME) ______

Fig 8. Tiffin Bicycles Fig 11. Stage 3 of Evolution of Form IV. EVOLUTION OF FORM V. CONCEPT: WITH Here it is tried to come to a common solution which can TROLLEY be multipurpose, rational and optional to its use. India is a tropical country wherein sunlight is a Idea is to create a add on to a bicycle which is going to predominant factor. Solar energy is amply available for serve better in terms of its utility. most of the months in a year. There are many ways in To create better product this will serve as substitute for which we can use this solar energy to its maximum petrol bike. potential. We all know that fossil fuel in the form of petrol and diesel cannot be replenished. If we have to cut back on air pollution, we need to look carefully at the mode of transportation. Solar power assisted cycle will be another option for people who want to use clean renewable energy. To design a pollution free eco-friendly solar cycle which shall be cheap, simple and with low maintenance with a practical application of green energy finally reducing air Fig. 9 Stage 1 of Evolution of Form pollution. For user group it will be cheap, simple and low maintenance. Reduce excess automobile use thereby reducing automobile wear & tear, pollution from cold driving, short town trips

Fig 10. Stage 2 of Evolution of Form

Fig 12. Used as Bicycle

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Fig 14. Side Elevation of Proposed Design without

Trolley Fig 13. Used as Trolley IDENTIFYING THE USER GROUP: . Elderly persons. . College students . Housewives DESIGNING A BICYCLE BY ADDED FEATURES: • Should be more users friendly. • Should increase the portability. Fig 15. Side Elevation of Proposed Design with Trolley • Should be used as a trolley, while in the market. Handle is with a spring liver • Should be comfortably carried through the lift. LHS – Accelerator • Should be easily kept in the balcony. RHS – Break • Should be easily charged by using solar panel Body is made out of inodised cold roll m.s. 40mm dia. terminal. • Should have mobility without polluting the environment. • Solar charged cycle should be used in rural areas and within the campus for eco-friendly and safe drive. • Solar charged cycle should bring revolutionary change in land transport system to meet the Fig 16. Top View of Proposed Design increasing demand of growing population for personal transport facility. Cycle in riding position with trolley attached on the rear side. PROPOSAL - FOLDING BICYCLE WITH TROLLEY • Cycle will be used as a trolley, hence the diameter of the rubber tyre with alloy wheel is 300 mm, which is less than normal bicycle. • Height of the seat is standard i.e. 850 mm. • As per the capacity of motor the cycle can travel at a speed of 25 km/hr.

Fig 17. Stage - I Folding Position

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SR. DESCRIPTION OF ITEMS RATE NO.

1. Cost of Motor Rs.17,500/- (including hub motor, wheel, motor controller, throttle, wiring accessories)

2. Cost of Batter SLA (sealed lead acid) battery Rs.5,000/- pack plus charger.

3. Cost of cycle body (cast out of cold rolled Rs.3,000/- metal)

Fig 18.Stage – II Folding Position 4. Cost of trolley Rs.500/-

DETAILING - FOLDING BICYCLE WITH TOTAL COSTING OF BICYCLE Rs.26,000/- TROLLEY Table 1. Cost Analysis of Solar Bicycle MOTOR including hub motor, wheel, motor controller, throttle, wiring accessories The hub motor is steadily emerging as the standard drive method for not just ebikes, but scooters, solar cars, and many other light electric vehicles.

Fig 19. Break Lever • Weight of Cycle including motor and battery will be 11kg • Bicycle can carry load up to 100 KG • Bicycle can run at a speed of 25 Km/hr • This bicycle is without Pedestal

• Foot rest is provided Fig.21 Solar battery and its position in Bicycle BATTERY SLA (sealed lead acid) battery pack plus charger Battery can be charged by using Solar terminal This Solar Terminal can be installed at parking level or tenement whereas Solar Panel can be installed at the terrace. The battery has an option of charging by solar panel as well as household electricity. Once the Battery is fully charged, it can cover a distance up to 25 km. Fig 20. View of Bicycle with Trolley This Cycle can run with a maximum speed of 25 Km/hr. RATE ANALYSIS - FOLDING BICYCLE WITH TROLLEY

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Fig.22. Charging of Bicycle using Solar Terminal VI. CONCLUSION • The product does not require combustible fuel hence does not require RTO registration. • Since the product is eco friendly, it can be promoted to use inside the buildings such as shopping malls, industries etc. • Since the product is user friendly it can be used by all age groups. REFERENCES [1] http://www.ridehelix.com [2] https://www.montaguebikes.com [3] https://en.m.wikedia.org

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