MS-603: Rabbi Marc H
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MS-603: Rabbi Marc H. Tanenbaum Collection, 1945-1992. Series E: General Alphabetical Files. 1960-1992 Box 83, Folder 5, Holocaust - film, "Genocide", January-April 1982. 3101 Clifton Ave, Cincinnati, Ohio 45220 (513) 221-1875 phone, (513) 221-7812 fax americanjewisharchives.org ., DN WIESENTHAL CENTER .a o~ yeshiva university of loa engelea ,J\...fur \.i ... J anuar y 5, 1982 \ ' ~/ \ \\ Rabbi Marvin Hier Dean Rabbi Marc Tannenbaum Board of Trustees The American Jewish C.ommittee Samuel Belzberg 165 E. 56th Street Chairman New York, New York Vancouver, B.C. Roland E. Arnall Co-Chairman . Dear Rabbi Tannenbaum: Los Angeles, CA Mrs. Marvin Cohen Chairwoman, On Sunday, January 17, 1982, nGenocide", a Simon Wiesenthal Center Beverly Hills, CA documentary film about the Holocaust produced by Newton Becker t he · Simon Wiesenthal Center, will have its world Los Angeles. CA premiere at 7:30 p.m., in the Eisenhower Theater of William Belzberg Beverly Hills, CA -' the ·Kennedy Center. Ivan F. Boesky New York, NY Oxford Protessor Martin Gilbert wrote the Alan I. Casden Beverly Hills, CA script. The film is introduced by Simon Wiesenthal Arthur Fouks, O.C. and narrated .by Orson Welles and Elizabeth Taylor. Vancouver, B.C. Herbert M. Gelfand Beverly Hills, CA A black tie reception will be held in the Hank Greenspun Kennedy Center's Atrium immediately after ' the Las Vegas. NV screening. Frank Sinatr~, a member of the Frank Hammer "Beverly Hills, CA Wiesenthal Center Board, is chairing the evening's ·Frank Horny events and he, Mr. Welles, "Miss Taylor and Mr . Los Angeles. CA wiesenthal will be with us that evening. Robert Ives Beverly Hills, CA Marcus Lowy On behalf of the Wiesenthal Center, I would Los Angeles, CA like 'to extend an inv itation to you to join us. we Jack Nash New. York, NY will be happy to send you two compl imentary. tickets Abe Pollin if you will notify my office. Washington, D.C. Martin Rosen New Yor/t., NY Sincerely, Daniel Schwartz Palm Springs, CA Frank Sinatra Palm Springs. CA David Shapell Beverly Hills, CA Marl!!ft in Mend el sohn Arnold Smith Phoenix, Al Wash i ngton Counsel Irving I. Stone 1825 K Street , N.W. Cleve1and, OH Wa shington, o. c. 20006 Elizabeth i:avlor Warner Washington, D.C. { 202 ) 833-1893 William Weinberg Beverly H!lls, CA Maurice Weiss Beverly Hills, CA Morris J. Wosk Vancouver, B.C. 9760 wast pico boulevard, loa a ngelea, celifornia 90035 (e13) 883-9036 ,. ,. 11~ ' •' SIMON WIESENTHAL CENTER an the campus af yeshiva university af las angelea March 22, 1982 Rabbi Marc Tannenbaum American Jewish ~onunittee 165 E. 65th Street New York, NY .10022 Dear Rabbi Tann~nbaum: Enclosed are four articles which will appear in our for~hcorning volume, Issues of the Holocaust: A Companion Volume to the Film Genocide. We are not sure if we will include the Van Buren piece - what is your feeling about it? Rabbi Marvin Hier Dean Samuel Belzberg Chairman Alex Grohman , Ph.D. Roland E. Arnall Director C~Chalrman Holocaust Studies Mrs. Marvin Cohen Chairwoman, Simon Wlesenthal Center AG : rj Rabbi Abraham Cooper Assistant to the Dean Director of Outreach Alex Grobman Diroe tor Marilyn Goldetsky Director of Administration Marlene F. Hier Federal Express Office of Grants and Development Rabbi Daniel Landes Director of Research Projects Connie L. Mandel Director of Public Re/a tlons Marvin Segelman Director of Media Protects 9760 weet pico boulevard, loe erigelee, celifornie 90035 (213) 663-9036 THE HOLOCAUST: FAILURE IN CHRISTIAN LEADERSHIP? ..... (Rev.) John T. Pawlikowski, OSM, Ph.D . P-rofessar Cat ho J i c Theo I og i ca J !Jn j on .-o::£itt:i:.aga Since the end of the Nazi era, there have been continual reassessments of the roles played by Christian leaders duri ng that tragic period. The actions of Pope Pius XII have been scrutinized in a special waY.. Generally speaking, Jewish scholars have tended to place considerable responsiblity on many of the heads of the Christian communities inside and outside of Germany for the success of the Nazi effort . <. This has elicited rather uncritical defens ive response: from / \ postwar church representatives, but has also led an increasing number of church historians and theologian~ to probe the issue c more deeply. An annual series of scholarly conferenc;: involving both Christians and Jews, has developed around' the theme, "The German Chu rch Struggle and the Ho 1ocaust . 11 By and large, the Christian scholars who have seriously studied the churches' stance during the Holocaust wind up with a reasonably critical evaluation of their Christian witnes~ They, of course, acknowledge the heroic efforts of righteous gentiles, such as Dietrich Bonhoeffer. But, while these figures remain sources of Christian hope today, their miniscule number only serves t o dramatize the 9eneral indifference to, and even cooperation with, the Nazi destruction of the Jewish people. Father Edwa rd Flannery and Professor Franklin Li~tell are two such critical Christian voices. While recognizing the complexity of any investigation of the. root. causes of the Holocaust, Flannery clearly affirms_,>,:hat' ~ (_=f~i"'1.f_, ......, .'.·. in the final analysis, some degree of the charge [against the church] must be validated. Great or small, the apathy 1 or silence was excessiye. The fact remains that in the I twentieth ~entury of Christian civilization, a genocide of I six million innocent people was perpetrated in countries : L .J , .· :0·, . \ with many centuries of Christian tradition and by hands that \..... _, ,,, ........... ·"' 1 were in many cases Christian. This fact in itself stand~, l however vaguely, as an indictment of the Christian conscience. ! The absence of reaction by those most directly implicat~~ / _J in the .genocide only aggravates this broade~ indictment.~ @ 2. Professor Littell speaks in similar terms about the general state of the churches and their lead~rship in Germany. " It is 1 quite wrong, 1 he says, :~ --: .' ~ J ~ j. ! \._;;. .:; ~ J:._o assume that the Church Struggle was a batt le to defend #~ / ·christian Germany against the false teaching of neo;; · - -: ) i · barbarians:'. ;.:.; The tragedy is the wholesale apostasy of · ·· / ! the baptized ;.~- their eagerness, in the name of 11 sav i ng ;. / ~/ I the world from . a .th~istic Communism" and 11reestablishing ·--· I ~wand orde·r 11 ).::.i to countenance the most brutal and anti;; christian of political measures to reconstitute a lost ? ! _ ; age of religious monism~/ .~ ' \.·.:)-· Concerned Christians like Littell and Flannery have bluntly challenged the churches for their part in the Final Solution. •. In the last decade, a growing number of Christian scholi·: espec- ially church historians, have tried to confront this issue in a more dispassionate, but equally serious. way. They have looked into / . the position of the churches in Germany as well as at the response ~·'·: of i nternational church. In the latter area, they have focused I'·. attention on the Vatican and Pope Pius XI I. None of the new generation of church historia~ · dealing with :;:: I ·. the Holocaust in any way desires to whitewash the actions of Christian leaders. But a general consensus has also emerged that no simplistic blanket lndtctment of the churches will stand the test of his tori cal evidence. Hence, we have .slowly moved to a more balanced approach in the discussion of the Church Struggle from the situat ion several years ago, when unqualified accusations and equally uncritical defenses tended to predominate. There is also an additional caution that is now sounded by most Christian interpreters: Substantial archival materials still remain to be rn~ ava. c· l~b~ examined . Until many of these relevant -~hurch archives are epi!jled by the ~hurches themselves, the assessments of direct and indirect collaboration with the Nazi e.ffort must remain open to future 3. judg~ment. Furthermore, differences have emerged among those Christian scholars who have taken the Littell/Flannery challenge to heart. In part, these differences of opinion lle ln disagreements as to how effective the churches could have been, even i.f thei. r leaders had taken a much more outwardly hosti.le stance towards Nazism. One perspective that has gained acceptance from most church ~ historians involved with this subject is that the Church Struggle in Germany cannot be evaluated without some understanding of the prior half-century of that nation's history and the churches' reaction to it. This is true with respect to both the Protestant and Catholic communities, even though their social roles were somewhat different. The churches, more than any other major component of German society, had become conscious that thei r continuing social role could no longer be upheld by mere appeal s to tradition. It was commonly believed by many Christian leaders that the loss of faith following the debacle of World War I could be counteracted only by a vigorous and vibrant engagement with the social order. The Weimar Republic, despite its constitution, which granted the churches greater self= rule in their internal affairs, was viewed more as a foe than as a friend. There was the need to preserve Christian society in a social setting where the state apparatus was indifferent or even hostile to religion. This was certainly the feeling which prevailed within the principal Protestant cof11llunity , the Evangelical -~hurch of Germany. As the .s)lurch historian John S. Conway has noted: ~ ,. :~} -~ 1· ,. /.f. j the emphasis on.• °i::.h~ need for unity, continuity, and 1 (~ . 11 J na t1ona! istical ly conditioned conserv~tism was inimical '~.. :~.'. .. / to the 1.dea of the growth of alternatives . Indeed, \:./ strong opposition ~as A.raised against the idea of plural ism 4. in society,._which was presumed to lead to a false sense of freedom and to encourage invnoral ity.