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History of the Scottish Metrical Psalms - Z^fcM^w /fy?js UNIVERSITY OF N.C. AT CHAPEL HILL 00038618727 tEfje Hibrarp ot rtjt ®ntoersttj> of Jlortfc Carolina THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA ENDOWED BY THE DIALECTIC AND PHILANTHROPIC Uf SOCIETIES^ /AUlj BS114iO .Al M3 ;<• v The Scottish Metrical Psalms. Vault LIE ARY . , 'L ' , CHAPEL HUH ^ HISTORY OF THE Scottish Metrical Psalms; WITH AN ACCOUNT OF THE PARAPHRASES AND HYMNS, AND OF THE MUSIC OF THE OLD PSALTER. ILLUSTRATED WITH TWELVE PLATES OF MS. MUSIC OF 1566. BY Rev. J. W. MACMEEKEN, LESMAHAGOW. PRINTED FOR SUBSCRIBERS ONLY. GLASGOW: M'CULLOCH & CO., PRINTERS, 7 ALSTON STREET. 18.72. It) PSALMORUM LAUDEM. Chorus. I. Angelorum, &, 2. Hominum. Chorus. The Psalms are Paradises Spring; Streaming Refreshments every ivay. They, I. Wine, 2. Oyl, I. Milk, 2. And Honey bring, 1. To Cheer, 2. To Cure, 1. To Feed, 2. T' Allay. I. When we are merry, Psalms we sing, 2. When we're afflicted, Psalms we say. 1. They Heav'n's, 2. And Earth's Devotions wing, I. While Angels Praise, 2. Or Men do Pray. Chorus. The Psalms are Paradises Spring, Streaming Refreshments every tvay, &c. From the Italian of Gio. Francesco Loxedano, 1656, by Lord Coleraine. 1665. In Token or SINCERE REGARD, AND IN GRATEFUL ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF LENGTHENED, GENIAL, AND MUCH-PRIZED COURTESY AND KINDNESS, This Work is inscribed to J. B. GREENSHIELDS, of Kerse, Advocate, F. S. A. SCOT., ASSOCIATE OF THE BRIT. ARCH. ASSOCIATION, ETC., ETC. \ BY THE AUTHOR. \:b 532151 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/historyofscottisOOmacm CONTENTS. PAGE Preface, . ix Introduction, xi Chapter I The Earliest Versions, 1548-64, .... 1 )» 11 Complete Authorised Version, 1564-1635, 11 „ III King James' Version, 1631-37, .... IS M IV Sir William Mure's Version, 1639, .... *3 » V Francis Rous' first issues, 1641-43, .... 27 VI William Barton's Version, J n 1644, .... 3 n VII Zachary Boyd's Version, 1646-48, .... 37 » VIII Rous' last Labours on the Psalter, 1646-49, . 43 )) IX Authorised Version, 1650, with Notice of Versions by Brady and Tait, and by Dr. Watts, ...... 48 » X Gaelic Translations of Psalms and Paraphrases, 1648-1826, . 61 H XI Paraphrases, 1648-1781, ..... 71 n XII Hymns, ....... 88 n XIII The Music of the Old Psalters, .... 95 APPENDIX. No. I. Prefatory Remarks by Whittingham to Version 1556, 111 " 91 II. Royal Licences to Printers. Cum Privilegio," &c, . 123 11 III. Duty of possessing Bible and Psalm Book rigidly enforced, 130 IV. The Authorship of the Old Psalms, 1 11 .... '3 „ V. The "Conclusions," with Specimens of Players, Ed. 1595, 137 H VI. Baillie defending the use of the "Gloria Patri," 150 described, with Spiritual in full, 11 VII. Knox's Liturgy the Songs '55 » VIII. Reasons against the Reception of King James' Metaphrase, i75 IX. Letter to Sir William Mure, 183 11 ..... X. Extracts from Will of Francis Rous, 184 11 .... 11 XI. Boyd Caricatured, . 185 XII. Logan and Bruce, 189 11 ...... of Psalms 11 XIII. Versions by the Free Church, 190 XIV. Music Schools, 192 11 ....... Rochester's estimate of singing of Sternhold and 11 XV. the Hopkins' Psalms 196 decadence and revival of the Psalter Music, . 11 XVI. The 197 various measures used in the Old Psalter, . 11 XVII. The 200 „ XV1I1. The XXIII Psalm in Forty-two Versions, 207 The Plates, and List of Subscribers' Names. — PREFACE. The recent introduction of the "Scottish Hymnal," on the authority of the General Assembly, as a supplementary manual of praise in the Church of Scotland, gave rise to considerable discussion and comment throughout the district in which the Author resides. By one party the step was condemned as an unwarrantable innovation, interfering with the conservatism of good old ecclesiastical forms, whilst by another it was vindicated as a re-novation instead of an ///-novation a returning to the practice of the Church as inaugurated by the First Reformation. The Author embraced the opportunity thus afforded of calling attention, by means of a short article in a local newspaper, to the Liturgy introduced by Knox, and used in the Reformed Church ;—quoting the titles of the fourteen spiritual songs which appear immediately after the Psalms, with instructions as to the tune to which each was to be sung. The Article concluded with this paragraph: " Some of our readers will, doubtless, be astonished to think that John Knox used a Liturgy ; but such is the fact. On a future occasion we may give a short historical detail of the steps by which our metrical version of the Psalms has been developed into its present authorised condition." In accordance with the purpose thus indicated, a series of Chapters on the "History of the Scottish Metrical Psalms" forthwith appeared in the columns of the Paper referred to. These excited considerable attention, and were favourably received by many under whose notice they were brought ; so much so that, during their progress, the Author was frequently urged to issue them in a separate form. With these solicitations he resolved to comply—more especially as much additional matter, consisting of important, interesting, and x Prefcace. curious facts and incidents relating to the subject, had accumulated in his hands ; —matter which, he felt, could not fail to enhance the value of the work, if judiciously wrought into the original articles, and used as an Appendix. This the Author has now attempted to do, but with what success must be left to the decision of those into whose hands the work may fall. Whilst the labour connected with research, compilation, &c, has not been little, the personal gratification has been very great. The Author begs to tender his most grateful acknowledgments to the many friends who have encouraged him in his undertaking, amongst whom he would specially mention J. B. Greenshields, Esq. of Kerse, and William Euing, Esq., Glasgow—who, with remarkable kindness, gave him free access to their rare and valuable stores of Biblical lore — and John Kirsop, Esq., Glasgow, Rev. Allan Macnaughtan, D.D., Lesmahagow, and John Gibb, Esq., Banker, Lesmahagow, from whom he had the use of several works bearing on the subject. The warm and courteous hospitality accorded to him by these gentlemen is much appreciated. J. W. M. Lesmahagow, May, 1872. — INTRODUCTION Various Instrumentalities were in operation during the first half of the sixteenth century, to promote the reformation of the Church in Scotland ; and undoubtedly the first place is to be assigned to the fact that the Scriptures, and scripture knowledge embodied in religious publications, were widely distributed throughout the country in the vernacular language. The grand secret of the prosperity which had been attained and so long enjoyed by the system of Priestcraft, was the ignorance in which it shrouded the minds of the people. Every avenue by which truth might enter was carefully guarded. Heresy was denounced as the legitimate offspring of learning; and heretics — separatists from the Church of Rome—were depicted in the most frightful colours, and exhibited to the popu- lace as an emphatic warning against the terrible consequences of following their example. But the slightest ray of light indicates the existence of the sun, and suggests the certainty that—how deep soever the present darkness—it will increase in power and beauty until it reaches meridian splendour. The thirst for knowledge once excited must be gratified, notwithstanding the most active vigi- lance and opposition of those who would prevent it. A beam of the "bright light in the cloud" had shone into the darkened minds of men raised and endowed by the Head of the Church for the emergencies of the occasion men who would not be satisfied until their whole understanding was enlightened, and the precious rays of truth shed forth on the intellects and hearts of all within their reach. Through means which the enemy could neither avert nor counter- act—because the hand of God was there—the Scriptures were introduced into our country. Merchants trading from the Continent and England to Scottish — Xll Introduction. ports brought with them Tindal's translation of the Bible, with many Protestant books ; which were industriously circulated throughout the land, and perused with the utmost earnestness aud avidity. One of the most attractive and influential forms in which the truths of Scripture were brought to bear on the popular mind was that of Poetry. He who said " Let me make a nation's songs and who will may make its laws," was not ignorant of the mysteries by which the emotions and actings of mankind are prompted and regulated. The gift of song, consecrated to the truth, either in the way of plain exposition of its doctrines and precepts, or in that of satirizing and holding up to ridicule the impurities and distortions of falsehood and error, is a most powerful and effective instrument for good—as was signally verified at the time of the Reformation. The earnest study of God's holy word had endowed the heart with a new and spiritual life which was intensified and irresistibly poured out and carried along in a continuous stream of popular sacred song spreading its blissful influence widely and penetrating deeply. This agency was in active operation long before the Romish Church dreamt of the danger that was threatening her. Intoxicated with the fancied security of their high position, or lulled asleep by sluggish indolence, the Clergy either could not see the peril to which they were exposed, or treated it with haughty indifference and contempt. Personages of honoured name and exalted rank, did not scruple to encourage a Poet to exert his genius in the way of lampooning the priesthood, and showing off the immoralities of their conduct, and the absurdities of their creed.
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