APRIL, 1906
Editorial- Labor's Proclamation Be a Part of this History Making Epoch Senatorial Courtesy John Burns, M. P., on Trade Unions Labor's Grievances Allen Allen
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Don't let any dealer sell you a subsitute for the" HEADLIGHT!"· ticket and be sure." C. J. BARNETT. "They can't- fool me! I AL WAYS insist. on· having the genuine ." HEAD LIGHT." J. S. RICE. Mr. Barnett and Mr. R ice run t h e ma&,nificent flyer ~ CUB~N SPECIAL" . recently in.talled on· t-he lllinois Central R. R. LARNED CARTER &. CO. Makers, Detroit, Mich. 2 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER
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" Page::. Allen L.B. Co. Inc ...... 2d. Cover Alphaduct Co ...... ;.... 59 American' Electric Lamp Co ...... , .. :.... ~ ..61 Benjamin Electric Mfg. Co...... 2 Blake Signal & Mfg. Co ...... : ... : . . . . . 6i Blakeslee. Forging Co., The ...... ' 62r Bossert Electric Construction Co ...... '.' .'. . .. 54 Brookfield Glass Co ...... '.' ...... -. . . . . •. . . . 64 B~yant Electric Co ...... '...... ,; : ...... ,.. . 54 Buffalo Rubber Mfg. Co., The ...... , ~ ..... 4th Cover Bunge•. Otto ... ·...... :.;, ... '. - 63 Campbell Electric Co ...... : ...... •.. " ...' 64 Central N. Y. Telephone and Telegraph Co ...... ,.:. . 63 Central Union Telephone Co ...... ; .... ;...... 62 'Chase-Shawmut ·Co ... '" ...... '...... :. : .'...... 64 Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Co., The ...... 2d Cover Chicago Telephone Co ...... ,; ...... : 61 , Cincinnati Tool . Co ...... 4th Cover Cleveland Armature Works...... 55 Cleveland & Whitehill Co...... 64 Crouse-Hinds Co ...... _.. : .... _...... _. ; ...... '. • . . . . 62 Crown Woven Wire Brush Co ...... 4th·Cover Detroit Leather Specialty Co ...... : .... ; ...... ,...... 60 Dunton, M. W; -& Co' ...... : .. '. . . . . 61 Eastern Carbon Works...... 54 Electric Controller and Supply Co...... 60 Finck. "V. JM. & Co ..... ·...... : ...... ·...... 57 Gleason. John L...... 62 Hansen. O. C. Mfg. Co ...... · ... '...... 58 Hart Mfg. Co ...... :...... 61 Hemingray Glass Co., The ...... ,'...... 60 Johns-Manville Co ...... 2d Cover Kaercher, J B ...... _...... 2d Cover Klein & Sons, Mathias .. : ... ·...... 59 Larned. Carter & Co ...... '...... '...... 1 Lord Electric Co ...... • ,: .. :..... 54 Lowell Insulated Wire Co ...... 4th Cover Michigan State Telephone Co...... 59 National Carbon Co .... ·...... 2 North Bros. Mfg: Co ...... : ...... ~.. 56 Osburn Flexible Conduit Co ...... _ ...... 63 Philadelphia Electric Co...... 54 Raymond, G. H. & Co...... 54 Smith & Hemenway Co ...... 3d Cover Stephens, Wilmot ...... _...... ' 61 Stodola, J ..... - ...... -' ...... - ...... 53 Thompson-Sterrett Co ...... : _..... : ...... , . . . ..;6 Trumbull Electric Mfg. Co...... 58 United States Rubber Co ...... · 63 Utica Drop Forge & Tool Co ...... 3d Cover Yonkers Specialty Co...... S9 . ", f;"
INDEX TO CONTENTS. "
Page. Classified Directory of Local Unions ...... 52-53 Correspondence ...... : .. :...... 25-37 Charters Granted in'March...... 19 Deceased Members .... ,...... ,...... 37 ~Delinqucnt. Local Unions ...... , ...... ;...... 24 Editorial- "' ' . Be a Part of this History-Making Epoch...... 12 Labor's Proclamation ...... ~ ...... "...... II Senatorial Courtesy Vindicated ...... : ..... :... . 13 For Fin.ancial Secretaries ...... ~. . 19 Grand President's Page- , Don'ts for Electrical Workers ...... , ...... ;..... 8 Easy Money, ...... ; ...... : ...... , 7 ' ,Labor and 'Politics ...... : ...... '...... 7. Special Notices ...... 6' Where Our Organizers Are ...... ; ...... 7 Information Given-vVanted ... ; ...' ... : ...... '. ; . . . 19 Labor'? Grievances ...... 14-15 Letter from Grand Vice President...... 8 \ List of Unions that Have Not Sent in Annual Reports.: .... ' 50 Literature- Danger of Low Dues. '.. '...... : . . . 24 Fake Financial Advertising...... 38-40 Moral Value of the Great Decision ...... 15-16, .The Phenomena of Magnetism...... 22-23 The Trade Union as a Business. Institution ...... : .. 41-46
Trade Unionism the Only Hope .... I •••••• ." •••••••••••• 47-48 Trade Unions Living Monuments of Thrift...... 20-21 Trade Unions and Finance ...... ; .. 49-50 Miscellaneous- Advertising the Trades Union ...... 48 Archbishop Keane Makes DeniaL ...... 21 Happiness ...... : ...... ; ...... 46 Resuscitation from Apparent Death from Electric Shock .. 9 Militarism and Labor ...... '...... 40 The Witness of the Dust ...... 21 Till We Meet Again ...... " ...... 37 Poems- . Palace and Sweatshop ...... ~ ...... , ...... 10 Why Should the Spirit of Mortal Be Proud ...... 17 '";."?:lJ- ~~~~'!1!1~'tr'
~". ",~ : ~< .
THE ELECTRICAL
WORKER
OFFICIAL JOURNAL
of the International Brotherhood of Electrical .Workers ..
. OWNED AND PUBLISHED BY The:Jnternational Brotherhood of Electrical Workers.
Edited by PETER w. COLUNS, Grand Secretary General Offices: 509 Corcoran Building Washington, D. C. OFHCIAt JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL' '., BROTHERHOOD OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS Entered at the Post Office at Washington, D.C., as Second-Class Matter
Single Copies, 10 Cents ,Vol. VI. No. 5 WASHINGTON, .».. C., ,A.'pRIL, 1906 $1 per year in advance
tC3~~nd President',sPage.. ,: ... , - .,:' . .'::" Special Notice.; qui red to' ~~2~Pt the traveling card of any member when' properly presented, without The attention of all~: Local Unions is any examinai:icin,as to his practical, ability. called to section 5 of art~cl~;'E6 of the Con- ,,~ If a me~b:!,e~"has not been in continuous stitution to wit :/::':;' " 'i,,: "good standm~J01: ~three years ?r more ~e , "i" ",' ..:~, ,~~-;,p~~(f{shall be required· eto pay any difference In Sec. 5· If a member,:h
Easy Money. duct their business in a business-like way acording to our laws (which can be had on An advertisement appeared recently in application to our general office). We do one of the daily papers to the effect that not care who knows what business we union linemen were wanted for work out transact at our meetings but we do think .of the city. _ that the action of this particular corpora A business agent of one of' our large tion in trying to manufacture traitors Locals who is ever on the alert sent several through the proffer of dollars and false members to apply for the positions. Each promises, (which they never keep), is an applicant was questioned as to his standing action that will open the eyes of the non in the Brotherhood, and was told that he unionists and be the means of helping us must be paid up to date if he hoped to in our campaign for a bigger, a better, and get any consideration. Those ~of the appli a more prosperous Brotherh~od. cants that played their parts well were told that the corporation in whose interests the agency Was working was friendly disposed Where Our Organizers Are. towards organized labor but there were an element in the Brotherhood that was very Reports form Southern California show undesirable· inasmuch as they were con that Special Organizer Brother W. E. Ken tinually agitating, ever courting trouble, nedy is doing grand work. He is round never satisfied with their position or policy ing up the non-union men beyond expec- .of the company relative to working rules tation. - and wages paid. This element, the com An effort is being made to better organ pany desired to ostracise from its employ ize the wage earners of Philadelphia un and from membership in the Brotherhood, der the auspices of the American Federa if possible. The corporation had no intent tion of Labor. It is expected that there whatsoever to injure the interests of the will be at least twenty salaried organizers .organization; oh, no! they believed in or there by the middle of ApriL ganized labor, with the usual "if's." Brother J. "V. Armstrong· will represent The salary was to be four dollars a day our Brotherhood in the campaign, .and two_ dollars for expenses as well as Brother A. W. McIntyre is at work in a steady· position with the company. Two Buffalo, N. Y., trying to add strength tc; -of our members are now at work and will our locals in and around that city. . make a detailed report to the company We need about two hundred and fifty every week, also one to the writer. volunteer organizers throughout our juris This company can never accomplish its diction; any Brother who is willing to ·ends by adopting such tactics. Money can spend one or two nights each week in the not buy the honest principle of an honest interest of the Brotherhood will please com man regardless of his position ·in life. municate with me for further particulars. If he is a union man and believes in the Brother S. H. Cleary will start work in principles of the Labor Movement, and Denver, CoL and vicinity on April I, in 1S approached by an emissary of an em the interests of our Brotherhood. ployer or corporatiOl) to sell his principle We should have more members in Colo for a few tainted dollars he can be relied rado, and we are going to try and get them. ·on to spurn it. However, as it is necessary to fight fire Labor and Politics. with fire, we will be pleased to furnish all the men this particular company may need President Samuel Gompers of the Ameri for this purpose. can Federation of Labor, headed the Dele The company will save time and unneces gation of Labor leaders that called on sary expense and will get just as good re President Roosevelt, Speaker Cannon, and sults if it will apply to our general office Frye, a few days ago and appealed to those for men, direct. gentlemen in the name of organized labor, One who has given the labor movement fqr just consideration of the bills now be any serious study will wonder why an em fore both houses of Congress favorable to ployer would adopt such tactics, inasmuch organized labor. President Gompers made as they are preaching continually that the the mission of the delegation quite clear; rank and file of the movement are too he informed our beloved President and radical; surely they cannot hope .to make Messrs. Cannon and Frye that in case the men more conservative by this method; appeal was ignored, an appeal would be' if they do they are very foolish, for it made direct to the voters of the country. will act just to the con.trary: A corporation In other words if the ears of our Nation's might just as well try to deprive the earth Law Makers were deaf to the united plea of the light of the sun, moon" and stars, made by organized labor for fair and hon~ as to try to stop the progress of our est legislation, then organized labor would Brotherhood. go into politics, and endeavor to elect men The set backs we have had to endure in . to public office that would enact laws favor the past were caused by our own mis able to the organized and unorganized takes. We have profited by those mistakes wage earners of the country, . and will see to it that they d<;> not occur The warning has been sounded and we again. . all should prepare to lay aside our per Our Local Unions are required to con- sonal feeling relative to the political ques- 8 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER
tion and flock to the support of candidates ployed in and around Denver by the Bell for public office that will give the wage Telephone Company, to see if it would be earners "A square deal." possible to induce them to purge their Many politicians 'are of the opinion that minds of the personal notiolfls which had the action of President Gompers and Exe been growing to an unnatural size. Per cutive Council of the A. F. of L. is a bluff sonal notions when they are nursed are t. and nothing will result therefrom. the mind as weeds are to the garden; they Those wise ones will soon change their grow so fast that there will eventually be opinions if the protest lodged is not heeded, no room for the good fruit that may be il'l. for the wage earners of the country, or either. Finding that it was impossible t. ganized and unorganized, are aroused as get them to eliminate the personal features they never were before, and will rally to I solicited and received permission from the polls on election day and cast their Local 121 to place another charter in Den ballots for candidates pledged to support ver, said charter to be for telephone em measures that will result in benefit to us all. ployees. "Such a thing has. never been Let us hope such action will be unneces heard of before" are the remarKs which sary, on our part, but in case it is, let us some good old timers have made to me. all cast aside our partisan political beliefs To them I wish to make answer that there and by the united use of the ballot at the were several good things that they and I polls on election day demonstrate to the have passed in our time which we coulGl politicians that have been tossing us around have had for the asking, that have devel like a rubber ball, in the past, that they oped to such an extent as to become in the can hoodwink us no longer, we ask for opinion 0.£ the public at large, marvels. The . no favors only justice and right; let us see fact that it has not been customary to place to. it. that we get it. two charters either of inside or outside men, in the field in the same ju.risdiction, is not a good reason why it should not be· . Don'ts for Electrical Workers. done now. Don't imagine you are the only first You will realize if you stop to consider class mechanic in the business; remember the question that we as a Brotherhood there are others. would have made more progress if we had Don't stay any longer than necessary in been doing the right thing at all times since a. position you are dissatisfied with; it is we organized. It is our duty as union men til) bad for yourself as well as your employers. study the methods which have been an in . Don't blame others for your own negli jury to us and purge them from our mode gence. of procedure in the future. If.we do that Don't work all day for a contractor and success will surely crown our efforts. do work on your own hook at· night that After completing my work in Denver would be done through him otherwise. Brother Cleary and I dropped into Col Don't think you can do that small job orado Springs to see how the boys were without using your safety belt; accidents getting along. We, through the assistance occur when least expected. given us by Brother Clark of' Local 233, Don't expect to receive sick benefits if were able to get the old time members you are in arrears 'for dues, or fail to ad together, those who had remained in the here to the laws governing same. Local through the troubles with the Citi Don't arise in a meeting of your Local zens Alliance in that town, and those mem Union and preach one thing and the fol bers of Local No. II3 who went down fight lowing day practice another. ing gallantly for the principles of Union Don't accuse some one of having stolen ism, and those who are nursing some sup your conduit wrench, when you want to posed inj ury il}flicted in some thoughtless borrow one; they don't cost much. moment by a brother member. All that . Don't borrow money when you are broke, was necessary to bring . good feeling and forget to .pay it back when you have a amongst the boys was to. upon up the sl,lfplus on hand. . wounds that existed and see how deep they were. We found after doing so that the worst of them were only skin deep. Letter from Grand Vice-President. I have heard from Brother Clark recent The new constitution provides that the ly and he informs me that they are getting Vice-President shall report to the Grand along very nicely, President. instead of to the members Leaving Colorado Springs I proceeded. through the columns of the Worker. My to Salt Lake City, wb-ere I in company. with report last month was made accordingly. Brother Lewis Lynn, President of the In During the month, however, I have re ter-Mountain Council, interviewed the Gen ceived several letters complaining because' eral superintendent of the Rocky Mountain of my failure to let the rank and file know Bell Telephone Co. on some details that what was transpiring . in the territory needed attention in that districi:. Here I through which I passed. On my way West learned that Mr. Pickernall, Chief Engineer frqm Springfield, Ill., I stopped at Denver, of the American Bell Telephone Co., who Col., and in company with Brother S. H. was in San Francisco at the time, wished Cleary, of Local 121, interviewed the ma to talk to me on matters of interest to the jor portion of the linemen who were em- Brotherhood. . ! A'fR
THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 9
Pushing on to San Francisco, I, in com If the body is in contact with the earth, the pany with Brother Worthington, President coattails of the victim, or any loose or de of the Pacific Council, met the gentleman. tached piece of clothing, may be seized with I have reported to Grand President Mc impunity to draw it away from the conduc Nulty what took place at the meeting. I tor. When this has been accomplished ob visited Local 283 of Oakland while there. serve Rule 2. The obj ect to be attained is Also Local 151 at San Francisco, and at to make the sUQj ect breathe, and if this can tended a smoker given by Local 404, Fix be accomplished and continued he can be ture Hangers. From there I proceeded- to saved. - Vancouver, B. C, where the operators who 2. Turn the body upon the back, loosen have been organized as an Auxiliary to the collar ,md clothing about the neck, roll Local 213, had been ordered to leave their up a coat ,md place it under the shoulders, Unions, by the superintendent of the Tele so as to throw the head back, and then phone Company, with the result that both make efforts to establish respiration (in the Auxiliary and Local 230 have been out other words, make him breathe), just as for over a month. I had seven conferences would be done in case of drowning. To ac in all with the directors of the company complish -;;his, kneel at the subject's head, while there. Finding it useless to con facing him, and seizing both arms draw tinue negotiations, I turned the matter over them forcibly to their full length over the to the central body and they were prosecu head, so as to bring them almost together ting the fight vigorously when I left there. above it, and hold them there for two or I arrived in Seattle Sunday ngiht. three seconds only. (This is to expand the Yours fraternally, chest and favor the -entrance of air into the M. J. SULLIVAN, lungs.) Thcli carry the arms down to the G. V. P. sides and front of the chest, firmly com Seattle, Wash., Mar. 28, 1906. pressing the chest walls, and expell the air from the lungs. Repeat this manoeuvre at least sixteen times per minute. These ef Resuscitation from Apparent Death forts should be continued unremittingly for at least an hour, or until natural respiration from Electric Shock. is established. 3. At the same time that this is being By AUGUSTIN H. GOELET, M. D. done, someone should grasp the tongue of The urg.!nt necessity for prompt and per- the subject with a handkerchief or piece of cloth to orevent it slipping, and draw it . sistent efforts at resuscitation of victims of forcibly out when the arms are extended accidental shocks by electricity is very well above the head, and allow it to recede when emphasized b) the successful results in the the chest is compressed. This manoeuvre instances recorded. In order that the task should likewise be repeated at least sixteen times per minute. This serves the double may not be undertaken in a half-hearted purpose of freeing the throat so as to per manner, it must be appreciated that acci mit air to enter the lungs, and also, by ex dental shocks seldom result in absolute citing a re::1ex irritation from forcible con death unless the victim is left unaided too tact of the under part of the tongue against the lower teeth, frequently simulates an in Iong,or efforts at resuscitation are stopped voluntary cffort at respiration. To secure too early. the tongue if the teeth are clinched, force In the majority of instances the shock is the jaws apart with a stick, a piece of wood, only sufficient to suspend animation tempo or the handle of a pocket knife. rarily, owing to the momentary and imper 4. The dashing of cold water into the face fect contact of the conductors, and also on will sometimes produce a gasp and start account of the resistance of the body sub breathing, which should then be continued mitted to the influence of the current. It as directed above. If this is not successful must be .lppreciated also that the body the spine may be rubbed vigorously with a under the conditions of accidental shocks piece of ice. Alternate applications of heat' seldom receives the full force of the current and cold over the region of the heart will in- the circuit, but only a shunt current, accomplish the same object in some in~ which may represent a very insignificant stances. -It is both useless and unwise to part of the whole. attempt to administer stimulants to the vic When J.n accident occurs, the following tim in the usual manner by pouring it down rules should be promptly executed with care his throat. and deliberation: While the above directions are being car I. Remove the body at once from the cir ried out, a physician should be summoned, cuit by breaking contact with the conduc 'who, upon his arrival, can best put into tors. This may be accomplished by using a practice Rules 5, 6 and 7, in addition to the dry stick of wood, which is a non-conduc foregoing, should it be necessary. tor, to roll the body over to one side, or to brush aside a wire, if that is conveying the current. When a stick is not at hand, any Our membership is on the increase, with dry piece of clothing may be utilized to pro two hundred and fifty additional volunteer tect the hand in seizing the body of the vic organizers in the field we will soon reach tim, unless, rubber gloves are C"- venient the summit of success. 10 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER Palace· and Sweatshop. By MARGARET SCOTI HALL A lady sits in her boudoir Languid with leisure's disease, World-weary and worn with ennui Society fails to please; She craves fresh scenes more alluring But where is anything new? She's tired. of luxury's gilding, Weary of nothing to do. Her life seems empty and useless, A played out, frivolous game, Where fawning counterfeits friendship And love is only a name; Heart-sick, she sulks in seclusion And scans in mental review, Her social realm and the follies She knows are weak and untrtH". Thus over her life she ponders, Scorning, rebellious in vain, Till impelled by social custom She resumes her mask again; Her 'World must not find her sighing She brilliantly plays her part, And bravely the queen of pleasure Smiles still with an aching heart. Nearby, but a few blocks distant From Plenty's palatial.homes, There is a contrasting picture Of strenuous life in the slums; A pale girl toils in a garret . From dawn till the sunset's glow, And the sweat shop wolf is prowling For aye in the ~treet below. Stitch, stitch all day without ceasing Knowing no rest or delay, Stitch, stitch for the bargain counter And keep the dread wolf at. bay! Life for the girl in the garret Is only a round of care,- Of all that is sweet and wholesome The pauper's dwelling is bare. Ready-made garments are folded, Pile upon pile they are laid, But who ,hall question the methods Of 'wh.;re and ho'W they are made?" No doubt they are tempting·bargains, But who will e'er think to ask Concerning labor conditions . Or question the sweat-shop task? The work bears no trace of. sorrow, No sign of the tears and pain, And the throng of busy shoppers Sees naught of the life-blood's stain; Grim Want is the fierce wolf waiting Outside of the toiler's door, But sweat-shop goods bear no message From anguished hearts of the poor. Humanity pleads for mercy- Cries out in the stress of need, And true hearts responding bravely Do battle with giant Greed; The conflict with Wrong is raging . The call is earnestly made . Oh! where is the label showing The proof of a just wage pai .• , THE ELECTRICAL WORKER II
EDITORIAL
PETER W.COLLINS
LABOR'S The proclamation of the labor movement to the American PROCLAMA people as presented by Samuel Gompers and' the Executive. TION Council of the American Federation of Labor to' President Roosevelt, Speaker Cannon, of the House of Representatives, . and Presid~nt Protem. Frye of th~ Senate, was a clear, concise and accurate enumeration of the wrongs organized labor has been compelled to end~re in its efforts to secure equal justice and fair play for the workingmen ~f the United States. ". No one can deny no one has tried to deny the fact that the \epresentati~~s' of those who have made the progress of our country what it is, havebeeri treated with scant courtesy by the political powers that qe. . . Our demands for legislation to protect ,the women and minors of .the coun try have been pigeonholed in the desks of some· congressional district potentate whose political fences at home needs pickets, paint and his immediate presencel•1 while the suffering women and children are compelled by ,the greed for gain to toil early and late. Even in Massachusetts -that boasts of Garrison and Philips, . Webster, Sumner and the late lamented Hoar, has by party perfidy and exec,:! tive dictation deprived the wards of her cOl]1monwealth-the women and chil dren-of the right to that protection which should be their heritage: Education. The defeat of the overtime bill by the Massachusetts Senate adds nothing b the prestige of that great state. Th~ eight-ho~lr laws are flagrantly violated and but little attention is paid when violations are brought to the attention of those whose duty it is to enforce t~e same. The contract labor laws are being almost openly violated. The Chinese exclusion act has loopholes through which captains of indus: try draw more than their linen. Factory inspection in many states is almost a farce. Government inspection of meat in the great p 12 THE ELECTRICAL "VORKER
discuss more fully. Complaints that are real and ever present. And yet when the r~medy is proposed, indifference is the answer. The trades-unionists of the United States have borne with patience in sea son and out of season, the trials and tribulations that are met with in all strug gles for right in the battles of huti1ankind. They have in their forums and by example educated the workers of the country to a realization of that which is their right. They have v?-liantly struggled throughout the long years of inces sant toil, ever uplifting their fellow man within and without the movement. They have been met many times with charge of the rifle and at other the injus tice of constitutional authority.. They have fought many issues with oppon- . ents of no mean quality and their success has always been steady, growing, per manent, and through it all they have observed the laws obeyed the mandates of the courts, and in spite ,of all selfish opposition are about to come into their own. It has been by years of experience and education that these results have been made possible. That which has been gained must be protected by the ballot, that which we hope to gain must he gained by the ballot. It has been a peateful' revolution. Labor's proclamation is the beginning of a greater and better era.
-BElA PART OF In this age of enlightenment when opportunity for educational · THIS HISTORY-advancement almost knocks ~t our very door, we are apt to MAKING EPOCH indulge ourselves in' mental laziness, leaving those questions that most directly affect our welfare to those who cannot feel the t1~ue spirit of our time-the learned but mistaken theorists of our day. The future success of the Republic depends on the united co-operation of those who toil, and pro duce, who are the springs from which the industrial progress and social per manancy of our people depend. It is therefore necessary that we should take the deepest interest. in the · country's industrial, sodal, political and religious welfare, The history of the past records the achievements of men of integrity and perseverance, who, by the proper use of their faculties have added immeasurably to the wealth and power of the nation. The large majority of these men were of the toilers, men whose hearts and energies were devoted to t~eir well being, who, ever watchful of their progress, worked to the end that some day justice would triumph. · These man were in the vanguard on all occasions where right demanded them, and their work stands as a monument, an inspiration to greater things to be accomplished in the future. Posterity owes them a deep and lasting obligation, an obligation that. justice demands should be fulfilled, an obligation that can be fulfilled only by unceasing effort of those who should be ever watchful of their - # rights: the workers. >t~~... "'1 I
THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 13
As trade unionists we have an added duty, a duty that we should faithfully perform, that should never be shirked, to work as unceasingly as those who have gone before us; to cement by organization those ties that make men realize the obligation they owe to themselves and their fellow man; to be united in effective organization, by staunch trade unionism. No period in our history has ever been more auspicious. Make the most of it. Be a factor in this history making epoch.
In the hodge podge of everyday legislation "eternal vigilance SENATORIAL is the price of liberty, especially if that liberty be the personal COURTESY right of unwritten law as exemplified in the United States Sen VINDICATED ate. How often' have we read with wonder, and unconcealed admiration the antics of our statesmen in the upper house of Congress, when on great occa sions they wouid expiate for ,hours on the problems of ,the day, emph~sizing their arguments with gems from the Phillipics of ancient Rome and Greece, con descending even at times, to quote from Webster, Douglas and Clay. Very often senatorial gladiator:s indulge in remarks which almost mean a reguest that the overpowering orator cease and allow public business to be, tt:ansacted. But the hints are vain. Senatorial courtesy requires that unlimited verboscity have precedence to aU 'other business and the contention is sustained while the flood goes on. It has been asserted they talk in their sleep. As these supposed rights appear from their point of view to be inherent personal rights with which the public should have no concern. And, in the words of one who is 'now an ex senator--'-the public be d--. . But that's up to the public . . Our point is : that when confined to the Senate these' wonderful demonstra tions are not as serious a menace as the example of senatorial loquaciousness displayed in places of public amusement-outside the Senate. A few weeks ago in Washington-our informant is the Washington Post Senator Scott, hailing from West Virginia, considered it his duty to exem plify senatorial courtesy at a lecture where Burr McIntosh, the eminent scholar and traveller, was illustrating phases of public life. Senator Scott arose inhis seat, at the Columbia Theater, and attempted to chastise Mr. McIntosh for his impertinence in saying things ~hich impugned the motives of the Senate in the 'enactment of legislation. Needless to add Mr. McI!ltosh hit back very hard. We therefore feel that senatorial courtesy has at last been vindicated and this striking example will go down in history as an incident, of no mean moment in the doings at our national Capital. 1.4 . THE ELECTRICAL WORKER '. -, ..
Labor's Grievances.
An Address to the President of the United States and Both Houses of Congress ..
Honorable Theodore Roosevelt, tangible relief from the constantly growing President af the United States; evil of. induced' and undesirable immigra Honorable W m. P. Frye, tion, but without result. President Pra Tem. U. S. Senate,' Recognizing the danger of Chinese immi Ronorable Joseph G. Cannon, gration, and responsive to the demands of the pe()ple, Congress years ago enacted an Speaker, Hause ar Representatives, effecfive Chinese exclusion law, yet de United States. spite the experience of the people of our Gentlemen: The undersigned Executive own country, as well as those of other Council of the American Federation of countries, the present law is flagrantly vio. Labor, and tho~e accompanying us in the lated, and now, by act. of Ccingres's, it is presentation of this document, submit to seriously proposed to invalidate ,that.1aw you the subjects matter of the grievances and reverse the policy. . which the workmen of our country feel by The partial relief secured by the 'laws of reason of the indifferent position which the 1895 and 1898, providing that seamen "shall (ongress of the United States has mani not be compelled to endure involuntary fested' toward the just, reasonable and ne servitude, has been seriou.sly threatened at cessary measures which have been before it each. succeeding Congress. ,The petitions these past several years, and which particu to secure for. the seamen equal right with larly ,affects the interests of the working all others have' been denied, and' a' dispo people, as well as by reason of the admin sition shown to extend to other workmen istrative acts of the executive branches of . the system of compulsory labor. this Gevernment and the legis·lation of the Under. the guise of a bill to subsidize the Congress relating to these interests. For shipping industry, a provision is incorpor convenience the matters of which we com ated, and has already passed. the Senate, plain are briefly stated, and are as follows: providing for a form of ,:onscription, which The law commonly known as the Eight would make compulsory naval service a Hour Law has been found ineffective and condition precedent to employment on pri- insuffieient to accomplish the purpose of its . vately owned vessels. designers and framers. Labor has, since Having in mind the terrible and unneces 1894, urged the passage of a law so as to sary loss of life attending the burning of remedy the defects, and for its extension the Slocum in the harbor of New York, to all work done for or on behalf of the the wreck of the Rio de Janeiro at the en Government. Our efforts have been in trance to the bay. of San Francisco, and vain. . other disasters on the waters too numerous . Without hearing of any kind gra~ted to to mention, in nearly every case the great those who are the advocates of the Eight loss of life was due to the undermanning Hour Law and principle, Congress passed and the unskilled manning of such vessels, and the President signed an appropriation we presented to Congress meas~res that bill containing a rider nullifying the Eight would, if enacted, so far as human law Hour Law and principle in its application could do, make impossible the awful loss to the' greatest public work ever under of life. We have sought this remedy more taken by our Government, the construction in the interests of the traveling' public than of the Panama Canal. in that of the seamen, but in vain. The Eight-hour law in terms provides Having in mind the constantly increasing' that those entrusted with the supervision evil growing out of the parsimony of cor of Government work shall neither require porations, of towing several undermanned nor permit any violations thereof. The law and unequipped vessels called barges on the has been previously and frequently violat high seas, where, in case of storm or stress, ed; the' violations have been reported to they are cut loose to drift or sink, and their the heads of several departments, who have crews to perish, we have urged the passage refused to take the necessary steps for its of a law that shall forbid the towing of enforcement. . more than one such vessel unless they shall While recognizing the necessity for the have an· equipment and a crew sufficient. to employment of inmates of our penal in manage them when cut loose and sent stitutions, so that they may be self-support adrift, but in vain. ing, labor has urged in vain the enactment The Anti-Trust and Interstate Commerce of a law that shall safeguard it from the laws enacted to protect the people against competition of the labor of convicts. monopoly in the products of labor, and In the interest of aU our people, and in against discrimination in the transporta consonance with their almost general de tion thereof, have been perverted, so far as mand, we have urged Congress for some the laborers are concerned, so as to invade THE ECECTRttAL WORKER IS and violate their' personal liberty as gUar tentioR because we'have 'long, patiently, and anteed by the Constitution. Our repeated in vain waited for redress. There is' not effq.rts to obtain redress from Congress any matter of which we have complained have been in ·vain. . but for which we have in an honorable and The beneficent writ of inj unction intend lawful manner submitted remedies. The ed to protect propery rights has, as used in remedies for these grievances proposed by labor disputes, been preverted so as to labor are in line with fundamental law, attack and destroy personal freedom, and and with the progress and development in a manner to hold that the employer has made necessary by changed industrial con- some property rights in the labor of the ditions. ,. workmen. Instead of obtaining the relief Labor brings these its grievances to your which .labor has sought, it is seriously. attention because you are the representa threatened with statutory authority for ex tives responsible for legislation and for isting judicial usurpation. failure of legislation. The toilers come to The Committe on Labor of the House you as your fellow-citizens who, by reason of Representatives was instituted at ,the of their position in life, have not only with demand of labor to voice its sentiments; to all other citizens an equal interest in our advocate its rights, and to protect its in country, but the further interest of being terests. In the past two Congresses this the burden-bearers, the wage-earners of Committee has been so organized as to America. As labor's representatives we make ineffectual any .attempt labor has ask you to redress these grievances, for it made for redress. This being the fact, in is in your power so to do. the last Congress, labor requested the Labor now appeals to you, and we trust Speaker to .appoint on the Committee on that it may not be in vain. But if per Labor members who, from their. experience chance you may not heed us, we shall ap knowledge and sympathy, would render in peal to the conscience and the l?upport of this Congress such service as the Com our fellow citizens. mittee was originally designed to perform. Very respectfully, Not only was labor's. request ignored, but the hostile make-up of the Committee was (Signed) .' accentuated. . SAMUAL GOMPERS, Recently the President issued an order JAMES DUNCAN, forbidding any and all Government· em J AMES O'CONNELL, ployees, upon the pain of instant dismissal MAX MORRIS,' from the Government service, to petition D. A. HAYS, Congress for any redress or grievances or DANIEL]. KEEFE, for any improvement in their condition. WM. D. HUBER, Thus the constitutional right of citizens JOSEPH F. VALENTINE, to petition must be surrendered by the JOHN B. LENNON, Government employe in order that he may FRANK MORRISON, obtain or retain his employment. K"Cecut-tve Council, Ame.rican Federation 0/ We present these grievances to your at- Labor.
. Moral Values of the Great Decision. By GRAHAM TAYLOR. In Chicago Commons ..
Great in its spirit and consequences is the Few citiz~ns of Chicago realize how great United States Supreme Court decision of the interest is and has been in this traction the' . Chicago traction; question. Local struggle of ours. One meets it everywhere though the issue is, the values involved are in traveling. From the Pacific coast to the vast. But the $IOO,OOO,oo.9 or more at Atlantic seaboard questionl? about our peo stake does not estimate the imp6rtance :)f p!e's fjght to contror the'it public utilitie~ the judgment. greet the man ·fromChic.ago. UniversiC Far greater than that great amount is the teachers and students, laboring men on precedent -:stablished by the decision. The their way to work, merchants in their stores, part it may play in deciding the incalcul city officials and citizens bf every class able values at stake in this issues arising eagerly ask the ins and oj.1ts of our situa everywhere between public service corpora tion. The length of the struggle seems tions and ,:very American community can only to have made the watchers keener to not be estimated. Greatest of all the con hear how the battle fares. sequences .)f the decision are its moral ef Some of this interest is due to the marked fects. They come home to everyone of the way in which Chicago attracts and holds 2,000,000 people living in Chicago and its the attention of the country. More of it suburbs. They will reach directly or in is due to the fact that the people's control dIrectly a large proportion of the people of public utilities is becoming fundamentally throughout the entire country. a moral question of national magnitude in 16 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER
.this and 'every other country, This ques was no opposition to the measure in the tion is proving the truth of Mazzini's as legislature. And if the franchise had been sertion that every economic and industrial extendt:!d ':n the most circumstantial and' issue is at bottom a moral and religious is emphatic ma.nner the bill woufd have passed sue. The people are not responsible for by exactly the same vote. H raising it. It has been raised for them by Sure enough, but really why, the editor political anti legislative corruption every dared not add. And' yet so surely was the where attempted in the interests of public wish father to his thought that he does not service corporations. So the country is ripe hesitate to sigh aloud his pathetic lament, and ready to profit by the moral influence "This oversight is to be regretted." tremendously wielded by this decision' of By whom, except by those who for forty-· the Supreme Court of the nation. one years have taken undue advantage ~f First and perhaps foremost of its moral their fellow citizens under cover of an Il effects is t.he increased confidence in the legally "ambiguous phrase?" But they and law and the courts which all our people will their special pleaders may rest assured that have beCa\lSe of it. Every now and then the city which has escaped fifty-eight more some of ~hem get discouraged over the years of such exploitation will never again law's delays and technicalities, or worse. risk the perils of either their "ambiguity" The suspicion spreads that property weighs or "oversight." The irony of a well-de more than persons, money than men, the served fate is all that is left them to round privileged few than the many. The ex out their ninety-nine years' lease of life, out treme radicals always take' advantage of of business. such an attitude to deepen the distrust of The consideration of the court in pub good and sincere men, by unjustly indis lishing the synopsis of its holding in ad criminate abuse of all law and the whole vance of handing do"vn the full decision judiciary. While only the minorities are will also have an effect upon the people. ever influenced by such a partial view 9f The near approach of the pending elect!on the situation, far more at least entertam with its' referendum vote on. the tractIOn the doubt of having justice done by the issue might by some have been suspected to. courts than is generally supposed. be the very occasion for delaying any such But such a decision as this brushes this announcement. Irrespective of whatever distrust a way like a cobweb from the wall.' views they may have on that issue, these' It proves that there are vested rights as judges were big enough men to recognize surely as vested interests. Untold good the people's right to know tht; facts of a has been done throughout the length and situation which they are authOrIzed and en breadth of the land by a single sentence of joined by law to settle by their votes. That the decision. Upon the walls ,of every the highest court of the land has at last . statehouse the city council chamber and affirmed and confirmed what the common town hall should this sentence be inscribed : sense and conscience of the people all along ."Corporate privileges can only be held to have claimed to be the city's rights will - 'be granted as against public rights when give greater confidence in the instinctive conferred in plain and explicit terms." justice of the popular judgment. Referen Whether it is or not it burns itself into the dum voting, within reasonable limits, will people's memory in letters of life. therefore intrench itself more de'eply than Bad laws are .and will be made. The ever as the settled policy of the state. legislatu.re mar be cl~sed to. a~r .appeal. for .At any rate, the will of the people is now 'redress. As m passmg thIS nmety-nme the unquestioned law of the land. The year' act" it may enact such a law over the popular will is to have its way. No folly governo~'s veto, while special trains are can be greater than to dispute or blind that speeding the citizens to the capital to pro fact now. But the question for all Chicago test against the outrage. In "ambiguous to settle is, Shall the people's way lead to phrase'" such laws are purposely drawn to success or failure, honor or shame? , hide their infamy. But so long as the courts To wish it to fail or be discredited is too are open a day of reckoning is' ever at hand. meamand .little a spite for any citizen Such' an unambiguous. judgment as the worthy o{Chicago to cherish, much more to Supreme Cou"rthan Why Should the Spirit of Mortal be Proud? By WILLIAM KNOX. H, why should the spirit of mortal be proud? Like a swift-fleeting meteor, a fast-flying cloud, O. A flash of the lightning, a break of the wave, . Man passes from life to his rest in the grave. The leaves of the oak and the willow shall fade, Be scatte~ed around and together be laid; . And the young and the old, and the low and the high, Shall molder to dust and together shall lie. . The infant a mother. attended and loved, The mother that infant's affection who proved, The husba!ld that mother and infant who blessed, Each, all, are away to their dwellings of rest. The maid on whose cheek, on whose brow, in whose eye, Shone beauty· and pleasure-her triumphs are by; And the memory of those who loved her and praised, Are alike from the minds of the living erased. The hand of the king that the scepter hath borne, The brow of the priest that the miter hath worn, The eye of the sage, and the heart of the brave, Are hidden and lost in the depths of the grave. The peasant whose lot was to sow and to reap, The herdsman :who climbed with his goats up the steep, The beggar who wandt;red in search of his bread, Have faded away like the grass th.at we tread. The saint who enjoyed the communion of heaven, The sinner who dared to remain un forgiven, The wise and the foolish, the· guilty and just, Have quietly mingled their bones in the dust. So the multitude goes, like the flower and the weed, That wither away to let others succeed;. So the multitude comes, even those we behold, To repeat every tale that has often been told. For we are the same that our fathers have been;. We see the ·same sights that our fathers. have seen, We drink the same stream, and view the same sun, And run the same course that our fathers have run. The thoughts we are thinking our fathers would think: . From the death we are shrinking from, they too would shrink; To the life we are clinging to. they too would cling; But it speeds from the earth like a bird on the wing. They loved, but their story we cannot unfold; . They scorned, but the heart of the haughty is cold; They grieved, but no wail from their slumbers will come; They joyed, but the voice of their gladness"'is dumb. They died-ay! they died: and we things that are now, Who walk on the turf that lies over their brow, Who make in their dwelling a transient abode, Meet the changes they met on their pilgrimage road. Yea r hope and despondency, pleasure and pain, Are mingled together in sunshine and rain; And the smile and the tear, the song and the dirge, Still follow each other, like surge upon surge. 'Tis the twink of an eye, 'tis the draft of a breath, From the blossom of health to the paleness of death, From the gilded saloon to the bier and the shroucl Oh, why should the spirit of mortal be proud? -- --;1;- 18 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER Notices. St. Louis, Mo., March is, 1906. You are hereby notified that Local Union No. I is now locked out and will take ad vantage of Article 14, Section 8, of the Con stitution, and refuse traveling cards until further notice_ Yours fraternally, W. S. PEEBLES, Secretary. OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF HE INTERNATIONAL Local 153, Marion, Ind., desires to call , Brotherhood of Electrical Workers the attention of all members that John J. Ingalls, delegate to Louisville Convention, PUBLISHED MONTHLY. has been suspended-after due trial-in definitely for violation of the Constitution. PETER W. COLLINS, Editor and Publisher 509-510-511 Corcoran Building, Washington, D. C . New' York, March 7, 1906. MR. PETER COLLINS, G .. S., I. B. E. W. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS. DEAR SIR and BRO.:. I have been in Grand President-F. J. McNULTY, structed to request you to publish in the SIO-5II Corcoran- Bldg., Wash., D. C. Worker tn:J.t the lockout is still on in New Grand Secretary-PETER W. COLLINS, York, and give. notice that all men keep SIO-SII Corcoran Bldg., Wash., D. C. . away. They are coming along so fast that Grand Treasurer-F. J. SULLIVAN, you would think this city was a gold mine. 202 Warinlf St.,' Cleveland, Ohio. We have been taking them in right along, GRAND VICE-PRESIDENTS. but have had to stop. Trusting you will First G. V. P. District-JAMES J. REID, l!;rie, give this your immediate attention, I re Pa. main, Second G. V. P. District-JAMES P. NOONAN, Yours fraternally, 3I2C) Adams St., St. Louis, Mo. Paul McNally, Sec'y. Third G. V. P. District-MICHAEL J. SULLI VAN, 233 Fulton St., San Francisco, Cal. Floaters kindly keep away from Rich GRAND EXECUTIVE BOARD. moml, Va., until further notified, as trouble First Distr:ct-GEO. C. KING, is expected. 179 W:lverly St., Buffalo, N. Y. Second District-JOHN J. McLAUGHLIN,' 987 Washington St., Boston, Mass. . A rumor' has been started and has went Third District-WM. 5'. GODSHALL, - the rounds to the effect that Brother Joe 2539 N. Bancr'oft St., .Phila., Pa. McGill, card No. 10465, scabbed' in Newark, Fourth District-JOHN J. O'CONNOR, N.]. There is absolutely no truth in the Annapolis, Md. rumor, for Brother McGill is a tried and Fifth District-JAMES FITZGE~ALD, true union man, that has worked hard for 1924 Leyner St., Des Moines, Ia. the Brotherhood in the past, and can be Sixth District-WALTER M. GRAHAM, depended on to work just as hard for its 222 St. Mary St., San Antonio, Texas. interests in the future. Seventh District-CHAS. P. LOFTHOUSE, 50S E 25th St., Los An;;e1es,_ Cal. To the Members of the International Subscription, $1.00 per year, in advance Brotherhood of Electrical Workers a.nd to the General Public: As THE EI,£CTRICAI, WORK£R reaches the men The linemen and groundmen of Electri who do the work and recommend or orden the cal Workers' Unions Nos. 81, of Scranton. material; it~ value as an advertising medium can and 163, of Wilkes-Barre, International be readily appreciated. Brotherhood of Electrical Workers are still on strike against the Wilkes-Barre Gas and WASHINGTON, D. C.,. APRIL,..J.906. Electric Light Company for higher wages and improved conditions since September, 0 Advertising rates may be secured by writing ·to 19 5. the Editor. Here are the pin-head so-called linemen and groundmen that are employed by the This Journal will not be held responsible for Wilkes-Barre Gas and Electric Co., as views expressed by correspondents. . strike breakers, men that are standing in their own light without shame, principle or The Third of eacl> mantI> is the closing date; all manhood, by coming here and taking the .copy must be in our hands on or before. places of our members who have increased the wages and improved the conditions of seven out of eight companies in Luzerne 14 and Lackawanna Counties, since Septem bed, 1905, and will do the same for the line ER-STATE PRINTING & ENGRAVING CO. men and groundmen of the Wilkes-Barre ------..-..---~------~---"-,-~.,..,,.==------, THE ELECfRICAL WORKER 19 - Gas and Electric Company if it takes till as "Butch." Write to 6028 Washington the day of judgment. _ Ave., Chicago, or J. Siebert, Rec. Sec'y of We haven't lost a man since the strike Local NO.4, 122 N. Alexander St., New was declared: Orleans, La. The following are the companies that Brother Collins, by doing this you will have increased the wages and improved the greatly oblige condition: J. SIEBERT, Carbondale Electric Co. Rec. Sec'y Local NO.4. Scranton Electric Light Co. Scranton Street Railway Co. Will O. H. -Sams, late a member of Local Pittston Electric Light Co. 84, Atlanta, Ga., communicate at once with Wilkes-Barre & Wyoming Valley Trac- hi-s mother, Mrs. Lou C. Sams, 4421 Bur tion Co. gundy street, New Orleans, La., who is in Bell Telephone Co. very bad health and desires to hear from Independent Telephone Co. him. . We are still on strike against the Wilkes Barre Gas and Electric Company; and ask all linemen and groundmen to keep away Will Wm. ]. Titus please communicate from Wilkes-Barre, as we have got enough with G. B. Huston, Kelseyville, Lake Co., idle men here. - - California, also _Ben. Martindale. Hoping this will meet the approval of all, I remain, If anyone knows the -where'abo~ts of Yours fraternally, RC. Jones, notify Gus Hack, as it is im A. F. LYNCH, portant. - 0 President Local No. 163. Gus HACK, Wilkes-Barre, Pa., March 28, 1906. 900 Federal St., Camden, N. ]. PETER W. COLLINS, ESQ., Grand Secretary, 1. B. E. W., Financial Secretaries Washington, D. C. A carbon sheet is sent with each -order DEAR SIR AND BROTHER: This is to notify of 1 dozen P. C. sheets. you officially as per the 1. B. E. W. Consti tution that L. U. 213 of Vancouver, British A small check v on the P. C. sheets is Columbia, is in trouble. They have the ap sufficient in filling in payments. Make sheet neat and legible. proval of G. V. 0 P., M. ]. Sullivan, in their _ course, and he has also approved their ap When your initiation fee is $5.00 or less peal for assistance to the District Coun send $1.00 to G. 0.; when over $5.0Q< send cil. $2.00. - : Fraternally yours, Constitution calls for payments to G. 0- J. L. COOK, on dues - received. Don't carry members Sec'y-Treas. of Pacific Council, 1. B. E. W. by paying their P. C. or you are lik(!ly to be No. 1414 8th Ave., Oakland. Cal., March out money. 14, 1906. ' Enclose money orders inside your other enclosures, a!> when opening the envelope MR. P. W. COLLINS, they are frequently torn. Grand Secy 1. B. E. W. 0 DEAR SIR AND BROTHER: Kindly advise Don't say you did not receive stamps -un affiliated Locals to instruct the members less your receipt shows you didn't. to keep away from St. Louis until further Charges on all supplies are always pre- notice. paid. By order of the G. E. B. Money must accompany all orders. o Fraternally yours,- Keep m::liling lists up to date. H. W. STEINBISS, G. S. T. There is no reinstatement fee for mem- St. Louis, Mo., March 21, 1906. bers all back P. C. must be -paid. _ On all P. C. sheets place the initiation Information Wanted-Given. fee of L. U. - Changes for directory should be for Brother Peter Perry, 1407 Walnut St., warded as soon as made. Toledo, Ohio, would like to know the Don't try and reinstate members from whereabouts of Brother George Reese. Any other L. U. unless you get consent of the information to that -end will be appreciated. L. U. to which members are in arrears. Due book and traveling card No. 76,629 have been lost. Any information should Charters Granted in March, 1906. be sent C. P. Lofthouse, 505 E. 25th St., No. 482, Wichita, Kan. Los Angeles. No. 483, Tacoma, Wash. No. '484, Waterbury, Conn. - If Brother Ed. Mead sees this, please No. 485, Worcester, Mass. communicate with O. F. Hendrichs, known No. 486, Paterson, N. J. 20 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER Trades Unions Living Monuments to T~rift. By JOHN BURNS, M. P. The drinking habits of the poorer classes ness their curse, excessive drinking their have everywhere contributed to their politi greatest defect. cal dependence, industrial bondage, personal And that, from every aspect of their indi deqasement, civic inferiority and domestic vidual, sochl and political condition, it is inisery. The tavern has been the ante the worse, and it is the chief cause of the chamber to the workhouse, -the chapel of many difficulties that beset and burden them ease to the' asylum; the recruiting station as workman, husband, father, bread-winner for the hospital, the rendesvous of the gam and citizen. bIer, the gathering ground for. the jail. _There is no class in ancient nor any section· UNIONS ARE MONUMENTS. in modern society on which the evil of drink or the scourge of drunkenness has The trades unions are living monuments so mischeviously impressed its destructive of what thrift, thought and sober effort effect and sterilizing influence as on the have secured for workmen and the nation. class who could least resist it-the industri They would have been larger, more power ous poor, upon whom the lot of manual ful, and of greater influence but for the labor faIls. drain upon - their members and their re Every workman ought to decree that sources which the drinking habits of the liquor is useless and dangerous, and ought people reflect on them. Their sick pay to be abolished. For, let him look what it would have been larger in amount to the does. individual, but smalIer in burden to the so It excites where it does not divert their ciety, but f.)r drink. Accidents would not best faculties. It irritates where it does not be so numerous, beneVolent grants so fre brutalize, and makes for discord, strife and quent, and superannuation taken at so early bitterness where calmness, sobriety; kind an age if sobriety and abstinence had been ness and decency should prevail. more generalIy prevalent in past and pres- It is an ,lid to laziness, as it is an incen ent membershio. , tive to the most exhausting and reckless They haOle been unfortunately hampered work; it is the most insidious foe to inde in extricating themselves from the contami pendence of character, it undermines man nation of drink by the necessary evil of hood, enraves maternity, and dissipates the holding their meeting at public houses-a 1:;-~st elements of human nature as no other perennial source of weakness, temptation form of surfeit does. As was said of it by and discredit. The claim that alI dominant Lord Brougham: "It is the mother of want races are superior to others because they and the nurse of crime. - drink alcohol is absurd. The supremacy is due to- other causes BURNS TELLS OF OPPORTUNITIES. machinery, education, ,political freedom, parliamentary liberty, and the assertiveness My knowledge of' drinking consists in of communities that have been fired by pitiful, yet sympathetic, observation of the democratic progess, inventiveness and a indulgence of others. Where this is moder greater diffusion of wealth as a result of ate it is a loss of time, money and health. greater human energy. Where it is excessive, it is foolish, waste ful and destructive. Where it goes further SUPREMACY 'OF LABOR. and ,ends in the chronic inebriate, then it cease to be yitiful or tolerable, and becomes' The view is supported because for other a dang~r to the community.. reasons, mostly climatic, religious, or tem My 'experience of the workshop" the peramental low wages prevail in densely street, the asylum, the jail, have given me populated and autocratic Eastern countries. exceptional opportunities of seeing the rav This deduction is fallacious, and is not ap ages of alcohol. plicable to Americans and Australasians, My participation in many of the greatest whos,e wages are higher, where hours are labor movements of the present generation not longer, and where the standard of com has enabled me to witness how drinking fort, to a great extent, is determined and dissipates t.he social force, industrial energy has been 'Secured by their superior tastes, and political strength of the people. The higher standard of life which they have at general su,nmary of my life's experience tained by giving to a greater comfort, bet among the working ciasses of England ter food, clothes and other amenities what other countries in sharing their aims, voic the same people, if at home, would have ing their ideals, championing their causes, perhaps given to drink. leading their movements, a ;;entinel on the The ShOl'~cSt answer to this fallacy is that outworks of their social hopes, is that drink workmen who spend the least on drink with too many of them is bane, drunken- have the best homes and most regular em- THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 21 ployment, and are better prepared to resist Archbishop Keane Makes Denial. encroachments on their wages. The drunk ard blackleg invariably undersells his fel The statements credited to Archbishop .lows in the labor market to the extent of Keane of the Dubuque Archdiocese, in the lowness of his tastes, which rarely rise above treachery to his trade, disloyalty to which the Associated Press quoted the rev his home and contempt for the elementary erend gentleman as having criticised labor virtues of thrift, sobriety and civic decency. unions cau'5ed a sensation. In many cases drink is fruitful as the Several union men of Kansas City wrote chief cause of dismissal of individual work to Archbishop Keane and received very ers, Intemperance in the British general courteous answers. postoffice in 1903 was responsible for 21 Paul Winkle, President of Cooks' Union, per cent. of the lo~ses of good conduct No. 266, received a letter Tuesday, under stripes. A similar proposition could fairly date of February 17th, in which Archbishop be applied to the police, municipal, military, John]. Keane says over his signature: naval and every other branch of public ser "I think you might have done me the vice employment. justice to take it for granted that I had been misrepresented by that enterprising (?) re THE DUTY OF TODAY. porter. The only corrett part of the report is that part -which says: Our duty is to remedy, palliate, remove, "-'The employer who does not pay his em and on the road to ultimate abandonment by ployes the amount Of his hire is a thief an educated people of the chief source of The employe who does not give to his em their present ignorance and distress to have ployer the labor he is paid for is also a stepping stones out of the swamps of drink thief.' • created misery. The chief stepping stone "Throughout I laid down principles; as is that of personal abstinence-the best, as to existing facts 1 did not pretend to say it is the first and most enduring of all rem what they are, but said, conditionally, that edies. any organization, either of labor or capital, Then follows, in order _of effectiveness, which ignored the fundamental principles of the policy of reduction of licenses, of which justice and good will, was wrong. Liverpool, Bournville, Battersea, London "I have always been a staunch and out and other places are examples. To this spoken friend of organized labor. It is as policy I attach great inlportance, as I be its friend that 1 would warn it against any lieve in proportion to facilities given to ignominy ,)f principles." certain sections of people so are the op portunities for drinking and temptation in \ " creased. As to municipalization of the pub The Witness of the Dust. _ lic house, I.he last thing that municipalities should touch, like individpals, is liquor. Voices are crying from the dust of Tyre, It will :10t discourage drinking if it is From Baalbec ahd the stones of Baby made cheaper or better, and being both, as lon- municipal control or ownership will make "We raised our pillars upon Self-Desire, it, the -consumption will probably be ex And perished from the large -gaze of the tended. Ownership by the city will elevate sun." • drinking into a civic virtue, boozing will be a test -of local patriotism. Work people Eternity was on the pyramid are to drink their village into a free library And immortality on- Greece and Rome; or a park by a process -that will land many But in them all the ancient Traitor hid, in the hospital, some in jail, a great num - And so they tottered like unstable foam. ber into asylums, all into misery, and not a There was no substance in their soaring few to the cemetery. .The municipalization hopes; of drink will add to the glamour, as it will to the nuisance, of drinking customs.-Chi- - The voice o'-f' Thebes is now a desert cry. cago American. A spider bars the road with filmy ropes, Where once the feet of Carthage thun- dered hy. - - The Review of the Civic Federatio"n pub lished an article warning the capitalists of A bittern blooms where once fair Helen the strike i)f Parry and Post that if they laughed: continued to attempt to break up the labor A thistle nods where once the. Forum organizations that they may compel the lab poured; oring men to go into politics, as they did A lizard lifts and listens on a shaft in Australia some years ago, when capital Where once of old the coliseum roared. combined against labor and defeated them in a prolonged strike; but it made labor No house can stand, no kingdom can en- wise. They struck at the ballot box and dure, _ they adopkd the 8-hour day and many Built on the crumbling rock of Self other labor laws and are improving -that - Desire, country every day. The American labor Nothing is Living Stone, nothing is sure, ers wit! never get a _general 8-hour day un That is not whitened in -the Social Fire. til they elect their own kind to office. ~Edwin Markham. r- ! 22 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER The Phenomena of Magnetism. By CHARLES H. COAR. In the early days before the time of as the "magnetic field" of this magnet and Christ, the inhabitants of Magnesja, a town the magnetic lines tend to leave at the N in Asia Minor, found near their city a cer pole and enter at the S pole. Now let us tain kind of stony ore which possessed a take such a magnet as shown and break. it peculiar power in that it would attract irpn into several portions, and it will be found or steel when the same was brought within that . each portion becomes a magnet ex its influence. This ore was named "lode hibiting an Nand S pole as before from stone or loadstone" and its attractive power which we are able to deduce that the min was termed "magnetism" after the town of ute particles composing the magnet as a Magnesia. It is generally conceded and whole in themselves comprise individual there are ':'easons to. believe that the Chin magnets which when placed' into a com ese had some knowledge of the attractive pact form tend to assum.e certain positions powers of lodestone ore more than 2000 and exhibit certa'in polartities relative to B.c. . each other. Now let us take a magnet and It also appears evident that the polarity place it at the S pole near a soft iron ba·r, property of lodestone ore was known many this bar will become a magnet also by reason years ago, for history has it that one' Balak of its being placed within the field of the Kibdjaki gave an explicit description of a permanent magnet and the soft iron bar primitive kind of compass in common use will assume a polarity opposite to that of along the Syrian coast about 1600 B.c. It the permanent magnet. This will be read is perhaps sufficient to say that it was no ily understood when one considers that the great length of time after the discovery of magnetic lines pass from the N pole of the the powers of lodestone' ore when it was permanent magnet and enter the soft iron also determined that steel brought within bar at the white portion or S pole. The the influence of this ore became instantly white and blc.ck portions of this bar are possessed with an identical power which it taken to represent the south and north retained. Undoubtedly about the same . poles of the particles forming the bar as a time it was found that soft iron would ac whole. When a metal is given magnetic cumulate or conduct this power while un power by this method, that is without the der the scope of its influence, but unlike two being placed in actual contact with steel it will not retain it. The lodestone each other it is accomplished by what is is a natural magnet in that its power is due known as "magnetic induction." to some ca'lse of nature, possibly the pres Magnetic induction may be said to con ence of earth currents under conditions es sist of passing the magnetic lines of force. pecially productive if this result. Magne from one point to another through a separ tite or oxide of iron as it is now known is ating medium which was formed by the air mined in various parts of the world, there in this experiment. A simple experiment being several such points in the United which will show very clearly the magnetic States. field of a magnet and also illustrate the Magnetite is usually found associated powers of magnetic induction consists of with crystalline limestone formations. As distributing a' lot of iron filings upon a . before mentioned artificial magnets can be piece of cardboard, under which a horse . made from the lodestone, but other means shoe magnet has been placed. By gently far more powerful have been devised. as tapping the card board the iron filings will will be described. Experiment determined gradually arrange themselves in curves sim that a suspwded magnet would tend to seek ilar to that shown in Fig. 4. In this experi rest in a. certain direction, which is north ment the magnetic lines act inductively and south and that ~nd of the magnet which through the cardboard upon the iron filings. .pointed toward the north was termed the There are several metals in which mag north seeking pole, marked N, and that to netism can be developed by induction, such ward the south the south pole, marked S. as iron, steel nickel and colbat, including a If such a. magnet be rolled in iron fillings few other substances which are affected they will cluster thickly about the ends only by very powerful magnets such as gradually diminishing in quantity as they magnese. Should any of these magnetic near the center portion or that point mid substances be suspended between the two way between the two ends or poles, which poles of a horse-shoe magnet they will as proves that this portion is magnetically sume the 3ame direction taken by line con neiltral because it is equally effected by both necting the two poles of the magnet to the Nand S poles. In performing this ex gether. There are other substances termed periment it will be noticed that the filings "diamagnetic" which if similarly suspended will assume certain shapes, curved lines will assume a position at right angles to can be noticed radiating outwards from the the poles of the magnet, as if they were re poles. These lines compose what is known pelled by them. THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 23 Phospho~·us, antimony and bismuth are first practical electro magnet which bears diamagnetic substances. his name today. Now let us take. two permanent magnets Now as to why a piece of iron or steel either poles of which will attract filings and becomes. magnetic when placed within a bring the poles of both near each other, coil of wire over which a current of elec qnd it will be found that the N pole of one tricity is flowing, let us' refer back to the fnagnet will attract the S pole of the other. magnetic whirl shown in Fig. 6. Assum But if the like poles of both magnets be ing such a wire as is shown in this figure , brought near each other a repulsion occurs. to be continuous and wrapped many times This is shown in Fig 5, where the suspend about a piece of iron, it is natural that a ed magnetic needle assumes a north and great many of the lines of force would act south position ordinarily, but upon the ap into the iron ore by magnetic induction proach of the north pole of a second mag and for this reason the' core should become net to its N pole the repulsion occurs which magnetic, its strength depending upon the causes the suspended needle to assume a number of times the conductor was placed position shown bi the dotted lines. One of around it, the relative distance the differ the basic la ws of magnetism has been ent turns where from the core and on formed because of this action, "Like poles quanity of current flowing through the repel and unlike poles attract each other." winding. It may perhaps be well to men tion again that steel once subj ected fO a So much for magnetic phenomena in magnetic field will retain magnetism which which magnets alone play a part, and now can, however, be dissipated by striking the to consider the more important phenomena steel sharply with some hard substance, of electro-magnetism in which a magnetic but soft iron readily ceases to be magnetic attraction and repulsion are accomplished once outside the influence of a magnetic by the flow of a voltic current, this action field. These facts make possible 'many of forming as it does the basis of all electro dymanic generation ,of electricity. the electrical devices operated today. , The magnetic field is a helix of wire~ If It was, in the year 1820, that Oersted, a such helix w{;re suspended- during a current professor in a university of Copenhagen, flow it would exhibit all the qualities of a Denmark discovered that a magnetic needle ,magnet and would therefore tend to ar teilds to place itself at right angles to a range itself north and south. Electro-mag wire carrying a current of voltic current nets of gre:tt power are made by wrapping and from L11is date properly begins -the his many turns of insulated copper wire about tory of electrical development. The ex a iron core through which a current of periment which illustrates a pivoted mag elect.ricityis forced causing the core to be netic needle over which a wire is placed highly magnetic. With electro magnets- as conducting a current of electricity. soon as the current flow ceases, just" so From this it would appear that the wire soon 'does the core lose its magnetism. carrying the current assumes all the prop Permanent magnets are made 'from -steel erties of a magnet and such is a fact. and usually are first saturated from some Therefore during a flow of electricity there form of electro magnet as these can' be con must be a magnetic field set up about the structed so much more powerful. Among, the conductor carrying this flow. The field so many electrical devices which are depend set up around a conductor is often termed ent upon a' magnetic field for their opera a "magnetic whirl" in that the magnetic tion, may he mentioned .l;he telegraph, tele lines of force form in circles about the phone, dynamos, motors, current meters, conductor. This magnetic whirl assumes a electric bell, and signals, and countless definite direction of rotation depending other appliances which are dependent upon' upon the direction of the current flow pro the conditions produced by some of the ducing the same. This point is illustrated foregoing apparatus; , The basis as it were in Fig. 6, by means of the arrow heads. of the electrical industry: A convenient method of determining the direction of these magnetic lines consists of one assuming himself to be swimming in Local 419 (Fixture Men) of New York the wire in the same direction as the cur City have put up a gallant battle against rent flow, when the magnetic lines will re big odds, she deserves our united support, volve clock fashion or from the left hand put your shoulder to the wheel. to the right., A similar method can be used to determine the polarity of electro mag nets, that is if one knows that the current No member of our Brotherhood should flow's clockwise through such a winding on work for any of the Lighting Fixture Cqt1- a magnet, entering the winding and n!!ar tractors of New York City, until they agree est the observer this end will be the S, to employ our members exclusively. pole. In 1821' ;ust a year after the discoveries Victory is within the grasp of Local No. of Orested, Argo and Davy conducted ex 419, Fixturemen, if the members of, all periments which proved that a piece of Local Unions will grant their moral sup steel could be made magnetic by enclosing port. the same in a coil of wire through which a current of electricity was flowing, and in Send all communications there after that 1825 William Sturgeon' constructed the date. THE, ELECTRICAL WORKER Danger of Low Dues. Trades unions have been thriving to such bership to get out of the organization more an extent in this country the past few years, than they are willing to contribute. This says the Amalgamated Woodworker, that shortsighte::lness is not confined to union the average member of the organization has members in America, but seems to be uni not had occasion to stop and consider where versal. It is true even of Great Britain, the we are at, and so the unions have gone on home of the trades union, where its highest adding new features which' entailed in development has been reached. Thomas creased expenses without providing for Reece, the veteran labor writer of London, adequate revenue to meet the increased de in a letter printed in a recent number of the mands on their treasury. Usually the ordi American Federationist observed that there nary resources of nearly all organizations are some there, too, who look upon the pay 'are tax~d almost to the limit to maintain ment of dues as an imposition, while to re these obligations, making it impossible to ceive benefits is a right which 'should not accumulate funds for emergencies that are be denied under any circumstances. liable to arise at any time. The primary function of our' unions is to There is a good reason for all this. One protect our' distinct interest as workers. is that neither conventions nor the referen Beneficial features may be added and main dum of any organization ever gives due tained 'at less cost than in any other society, consideration to expectancy of life in mak and we ought to be willing- to defray that ing laws governing death benefits; conse cost by payment of sufficient dues to meet quently unions attempt to pay sums, that it and still have means to carryon the are utterly out of proportion to the revenue prime purpose of organizations among received. Some say the lapses make up the working people. differences, but unions do not permit mem A few 'mions have fortified themselves bers to lapse if they can prevent it, and as against contingencies by providing- that a organization is being perfected unions are certain sum per capita be held in reserve, continually increasing their effectiveness in and that amount is assured by laws making successfully reducing the number of lapses. assessments mandatory. One thing is cer Time was when a protracted strike or tain-union men of all trades must give series of strikes involving considerable closer attention to the fiscal policy of their numbers meant the beginning of the' en.d of respective orgaliizations and provide effect the organization, whether the strikes were ual means against the possible necessity of won or lost. That time is past. A strike, repudiation. Of course the opponents of big or little, won or lost, is now looked our movement cannot ultimately triumph, upon as an incident in the life of an or~ but our own aims can be gained much mQre ganization. ' speedily by wise legislation and generous The stability of trades unions is only en support of the medium through which these dangered by the desire of some of its mem~ ends are to be achieved. Delinquent Local Unions April 1, 1906 . 35 ...... April oS, 228 ...... Sept. oS 32 7 ...... JulX OS 408 ...... Nov.· oS 89 ...... Dec. 05 229 ...... Dec. 05 329 ...... Apnl 05 4 10 ...... Oct. 05 94 ...... Aug. oS 235 Dec. 05 332 .0 .•••••.• Dec. oS 412 ...... Sept. 05 IIO ...... Dec. 05 240 '.:: :'.::::' Aug. 05 333 ...... June oS 4 13 ...... Oct. 04 III ...... Dec. 04 241 ...... Dec. 05 336 ...... April 05 4 16 ...... June 05 IIs ...... Nov. 05 252 ...... Dec. os 337 ...... July oS 4 17 ...... Oct. oS 120 ...... Feb. April Mar. 421 Dec. 05 oS 255 ...... 05 354 05 ...... : '. : .... :. Aug. '53 ...... Dec. oS 257 ...... April oS 355 ::::::::: Sept . 04 424 OS 154 ...... June oS 260 ...... Nov. 04 ' 357 ...... Aug. OS 42 5 . .... , ... July oS 167 ...... Aug. oS 262 ...... Dec. 05 363 ...... Nov . 05 431 ...... - July 05 174 ..•...... April 05 277 ...... Dec. os 36 7 ...... Dec. 05 433 ...... une 05 175 ...... Nov. 05 281 ...... Sept. 05 373 ...... May 05 437 ...... Oct . oS 182 ...... Dec...... Oct. 6 ...... Dec. 05 04 28Q ...... Aug.Dec. oS 374 04 44 186 ...... Sept. oS 290 05 380 ...... Mar. 05 452 ...... Dec. 04 188 Oct. 04 293 ...... Nov. 05 384 ...... Dec. 05 454 ...... May oS 198 :::::::::.Nov. 05 294 ...... Oct. 04 '31;6 ...... Sept. 04 455 ...... June oS 199 '" ...... Dec. oS 297 ...... May 05 393 Mar; 05 456 ...... Dec. oS 202 ...... !une oS 301 ...... Mar. oS 395 :::::::::.Nov. oS 460 ...... JUli 04 203 ...... une 04 303 ...... Aug. 05 397 ...... Sept. OS 461 ...... uly 04 219 ...... Aug. 04 312 ...... Mar. 05 399 ...... Dec. oS 46 7 ...... Oct. 04 223 ...... Oct. 05 3 15, ...... June 04 402 ...... Seilt. 04 472 ...... Dec. 04 226 ...... Nov. 04 320 ...... Dec. oS 403 ...... April oS i J THE ELECTRICAL WORKER CORRESPONDENCE Local Union No. 1. ladies' man. I plead guilty, but not as some measure the case. I love the ladies be No. I is really No. I for sure. cause the~ are, to my opinion, the t;uest, Times have been better' for the mem-' most charItable, and lovable of humanity. bers, but none seem to have suffered very .If any bro~hers happen to go to Kansas much this winter just passed. Every pros City and deSire to find any place just go pect for the coming year is good. Although up the hill. On my return, I had ~y meas we have had a lockout, the weather was ure taken for a pair of trousers, and found such that but few could have worked; but that one of my legs was longer than the now the weather has concluded to behave, oth~r. As I was turning to the right so' has all journeymen, and we hope to see while there; I am turning to the left now the best building season ever had in St. to straighten up again. ' Louis. As to possibilities of' floating March 27, 1906 I passed another mile brothers, they may come, but are not ad po~t in my span of life. I have now passed vised to. If they come after the expiration qUite a number, and on looking back al of time allowed by the Constitution, No. J though ~ccused, I fail to see any reco;d of will certainly take care of them. my havmg done any man a malicious or I had the honor to represent Local Union premeditated wrong. But can say at the No. I, also the Electrical District Coun-' same ti?1e I can see great-I may say very cil of St. Louis and vicinity at the Conven great-Improvement in~ craftsm~n and tion at Kansas City, Mo. District Council Predict universal recognitirur-of the 1. 'B. E. NO.5 of the 5th District of the 1.'B. E. W. W., for it is by organization these results was organized. The following officers were are acquired. . . elected: .' . Keep together, respect those not with uo; President, Harry Meyers, of L. U. No. z. but show them you .are men,' and can d~ Vice President, B. H. Pat well, of L. U. more good by bemg gentlemen. The No. 330. younger men will live to see the day that Secretary-Treasurer, W. H. Coleman, of .the efforts' of such men as our old, honest, L. U. No. 19. tr!1e man and first President, Henry Miller The Executive Board a.re Brothers W. will be held up to their posterity as models~ W. Wade, No. 309; G. ·M. Jackson, No. I am proud to say that I am a Brother 35C; Wrri. Epperson, No. 40; A. F. Roby, h?od man, and' always ready to be of ser- No. 225; A. .M. Evans, No. 144. . vice to any member. . I have the g"reatest hope that the .District Remember your duty and remain true Council system will prove beneficial to the and prosperity is assured. Brotherhood. True rrien banded together, With pride, I sign' myself, and trusting each other, need fear no mer Yours fraternally, cenary individual or corporation. To over BALDY. come any evil, by doing another is a mis take .. I· am sorry to say it is practiced too Local Union No. J 5.. much. If we are' honest among our own brothers, we can offset any nefarious prac Too f!1uch cannot be said of the good of tices. Remember your obligation. If you demandmg the union label on every article did not thoroughly understand what you of merchandise. . . repeated after the President when initiated We have all met many men who have it is your duty to have same read to you said, "What is the good of me demanding again, and understand the full purpo'rt of a label on such and such, when I know it same. Your word' given at the altar of is not to be had in the city?" your union is as binding a~ if· given in' Demand' it apyhow; demand creates the court, although the abilityo.r provision supply. When the dealer finds he has a great made to punish violators are not the same many calls for'a certain article he demands in the first as the second. But Y9ur man- . it from the wholesaler, who in turn de hood should assert itself, and cause you to ' mands it from the manufacturer. refrain from violating either obligation, not If the wholesaler demands the union la through fear of punishment but of:desecrat bel and the manufacturer cannot supply it ing the prjnciples of true marihOod: Re h<: loses the sale and is impressed both in member a" true man is respected ~y the mmd and pocketbook that it is to his inter most desperate. r am accused of being a est to get the label on his goods. THE ELECTRICAL WORKER To do this he is compelled to give his York looking a fter this new telephone com workers a living wage and Christian work pany and the New York Central and sev ing hours. If. every union man would eral other jobs under way at present. He make this demand labor troubles would be has had 'several long talks with .the offi fewer and organized labor would find the cials of the new company and between the course it has laid out much easier to fol three locals we have drawn up a wage low. scale. I hope in my next letter to be able The question is: Why doesn't the union to say that they have started to do busi man ask for the label goods? Is he afraid ness, which I think they will. And you of the salesman's ridicule? Surely not. can rest assured you must have the green Perhaps he'thinks as I said before, that the goods to work here now. I will just say asking would be useless, or, again, perhaps for the benefit of delinquent brothers we he graciously allows "the other fellow" to are going to place your, name an a black take care of himself. board in the most conspicuous place in our He can't do the latter and be "a union hall, so pay up. Don't be disgraced in that man," for unionism teaches us that when w.; manner. help "the other fellow" we help ourselves. The New York and New Jersey are hir The mother,' wife or sister of the union ing men continually. They don't ask about man does 75 per c.ent of the buying and as your card now, as they are glad to ge't the buyer is the only one that can give the some good men, and a few weeks ago they union label its power it is "up to" the union fired the biggest scab they had. After doing man to instruct them as to what the differ their dirty work for years he thought he ent labels look like. was solid. He now wants to join the This is very confusing to the female buy union, and says he will pay any fine that er because of the great number of labels is reasonable. and the easy manner in which some of them I don't want to take up too much space, are imitated. so I will just say for those who don't get To make this ,matter easy for the real around on Tuesday eve to pay up, just buyers and incidentally to the man that send your dues by mail and our Financial pl).rchases a pair of overalls thinking they Secretary, Brother W. A. Sutherland, will are the geiluine article because a paper tag attend to 3uch matters; but, if possible, try on them is stamped "Union made," I should and get to our meeting for the changes in advocate a universal label of a simple de No. 20 will undoubtedly surprise you. sign that could be recognized at a glance. , With best wishes to all sister Locals, I suppose this has been threshed out Yo.:.rrs fraternally, more or less before now, but being ignor D. A. CHRISHOLM, R. S. ant of its objectionable features I'll take Greater New York, March 24, 1906. the stand in .its favor until some one can convince me that it will not work in prac- tice. ' Local Union No. 28. J. B. H., Press Sec'y, L. U. 15. Jersey City, N. J. The subject which I wish to' present to you at this time is one which is not much thought about or considered by the average Local Union No. 20: wireman or lineman as they go about the daily routine of their duties, which, danger 'As Local No. 20 has no 'P. S. I consider ous as they are, a considerable part of the it my duty to send. a few lines to our val time, become very hazardous at other times. uable journal .so as the brothers out of The danger of which I speak is an acci town will see we are coming to the top dental shock received through coming in rapidly. I do earnestly believe that all Lo contact with a portion of a live circuit car cals should have some report every month, rying either high or low potential. for it looks as if- they are taking interest in It is a common occurrence of every-day the Brotherhood, and as for No. 20, I must life to pick up a daily paper and read: say it's a pleasure to attend our meetings. "Mr. John Smith, of -- town, was yes There ain't many vacant seats now, like terday killed by coming in contact with a there was some time ago. I don't know live wire either on a pole or from touching what inducements our newly elected Presi a lamp socket in his home or office, or some dent, Brother Guy Hill, has offered' the ~imilar 'Yay by which it generally says: boys, but he brings the entire force of line He received the full force of the current men from Brooklyn every meeting, night, through his body." arid any' one that is acquainted in this Now, let us see whether these are always borough will know that that means quite facts or not. a:few. Undoubtedly to the person seeing the ac Well, the District Counc~1 has got into cident the above version would appear operation ilnd placed a business agent in about as near the truth as could be stated. the field. 'A great many of you are ac But had the persons witnessing the acci quairited with Brother O. G. Helmuth, as dent been well read on, this subj ect they he has. pee!i'walkihg t]re wood now for would have at once taken such steps as several' years all over' this' country. He has would possibly have resulted in the end of quite a Ia,rge' territory to' ct>ver, but at pres the newspaper account reading: "Success ent most of his time is taken up in New fully revived and on the road to recovery." THE ELECTRICAL WORKER In the first place we find that in a majority and one of his men got hit on a bare wire of cases when the victim touches the second crossed up with a 2,000 volt circuit. He had place which puts him in a fire circuit, he him laid out on the ground and in 20 min nearly always gives an' involuntary jerk utes the victim commenced to breathe again away. As a, rule that breaks the contact slowly, but just then the ambulance and immediately and since the contact is gen police arrivl~d and insisted on taking him to erally very poor the victim is really many a hospital, but the jolting and cessation of times not subjected to the full force of the effort to revive him was too much and he current, but only to a portion of it. How died a victim of a zealous though ignorant ever, he has received a severe shock and minion of the law. On many an occasion falls to to the ground or floor apparently have the police "butted in" where had they lifeless. A hurried examination is then let the men who were better posted on the made and he seems to be dead. If not at subject go ahead they would have saved a tended to properly and very soon there is life. , no doubt but that the victim will soon be We know of a particular case, however, entirely dead. But if taken in hand prompt where a policeman who had read up these ly and the rules for use in such emergencies rules saw a "trouble shooter" get shocked put into effect there is a strong probability on a high tension direct current line at 2 of saving ':he victim's life. o'clock in the morning, and promptly ran Perhaps you will ask what interest this to him and tried to resuscitate the man. article has for anyone else outside' of line The idea which I began to advocate in men. Is it not a fact that there have been 1893 in Local Union No. 25, I still think many, persons killed by the current who is the proper course to pursue' and is to were not linemen or even wire men,' but distribute these rules to' every member of merely through coming in contact, with a our Brotherhood, every city policeman and socket inside a building, and being also in every fireman on city fire departments or contact with a ground connection. They re volunteers and furnish copies to post in ceived a severe if not fatal shock by reason each electric light station, each electric con of a cross in an outside transformer where, tractor's work shop and the store room of on account vf lightning or faulty insufation, alltelepholle and telegraph companies, or the secondary was in contact with the pri wherever dectric men congregate. mary. MallY would perhaps say that more , CLIFFORD L., HIGGINS. than likely the secondary fuses would blow, but this has ,been disproved many times to Local Union No. 40. ' the speaker's knowledge. Having been elected Press Secretary, I As wiremen are many times sent out to wil try and let the Brotherhood know that look for uouble in buildings even before No. 40 is still in the land of the living and the cause has been determined. As being getting along nicely. Work here has been in the transformers they are exposed to the fairly good this winter. We have hopes of danger of a powerful shock, as are also it picking up this summer. ' persons who are in the affected building. The Citizens' Telephone has layed -off all A, case happened a few years ago where their men except the foreman and one a telephone wire became crossed in a pole man. They seem to be about all in.' line with a 2,000 volt line. A man standing - The Bell Telephone men are not very on a hot air register in the, floor of his well organized here and the inside men 'residence took off the receiver to talk, are in very bad shape, but we are in hopes with the result that he dropped dead. Even of having them all lined up in the ne;J.r the delicate telephone fuse had not blown future. '. out. , . We organized our District Council the An emin I suppose some of the brothers will say tion by the ddendant of its rules and regu that this examination business will be c.ut lations, and does show a failure of compli out under our new Constitution, but it ance by the- plaintiff his complaint must be would not have been so in this case -as the dismissed, but without costs. brother had not been in the Brotherhood The defendants may prepare and sub but a year and locals have privilege ex mit findings to the, plaintiff's attorney. If amining anybody who has not been in three not assented to after five days, they will be years. settled by me on_ two days' notice. All I have got to say to Mr. John C. Buchenan (for that is the gentleman's name who caused us so much trouble, and Local Union No. 45.- himself as well), is that if he had not got bull-headed, but had followed the Consti Well, as I have not seen a letter in the tution, he would have come out all right. Worker from No. -45 in ;). long time, I think Well, I think that I have said enough for it is up to some one to write one, so here t!.is time. I remain, goes. _ _ _ YO'Jrs truly, Local 45 i:; getting along fine, new mem RanT. G. BRAD WICK, Press Sec'y. bers coming in by the wholesale, 5 to 10 Syracuse, N. Y., March 3, 1906. every meeting night. There is lots of work THE, ELECTRICAL WORKER 29 around in this vicinity and good card men My predictions are that within the next are in demand. If your card is not up to year the I. B. E. W. will be one of the most snuff keep away from Buffalo. thoroughly organized trades unions in the We have lost two good brothers since the country. At a meeting of the District first of the year. One was Brother John Council, No.6 held in this city on 'March McDonall, who fell from a pole in Wyom 10, 1906, we' elected our officers and adopted ing on the 6th of January and only lived a set of by-laws, and transacted a great two hours. The other brother was Edwin deal of important business by which we White of Lockport. He fell from a pole at expect to profit greatly. , the j unction of Seneca and Elks streets in Work in and aj:>out this city is not boom Buffalo on February, and he died the next ing at present, although we only have one morning, but I did not see any account of or ,two Brothers that are not working. it in the Worker. There is a bright prospect for plenty of Brother Cy Brown has resigned as Re work when the weather opens up. cording Secretary (which office he held for I should like to mention that the mem over three years), as he' has taken an ex bers of L. u., No. 54 would like to see a change to manage for the Inter Ocean. numerical list of the Local Union..; of the Success to Brother Brown. Brotherhood, as formerly p'ublished in the Tickets are out for a raffle for a pair of Worker, with the names and addresses of new 'climbers', which" our late Brother the officers of each Local Union, as we White had ordered before he was injured believe it a matter of great convenience as and which arrived the day he died. The well as of importance in corresponding with raffle is for the benefit of his wife and fam our sister Locals. We are at a loss to ily. 'There were five hundred tickets is know why it has been dispensed with. If sued, and by the way they are selling I this should come to the eye of Brother Ed. think we will have to get as many more Day, please write us, as we are all anx- before the drawing takes place. , ious to ,hear from you. , Brother AI. Cunningham, of Local 41, is Well fearing the "blue pencil," I - will doing some good work for the electrical close. ' workers in and around Buffalo. Yours in' 1. B. E. W., Brothers Leonard and Farley are both on J. A. PILGER, Pres. , the sick list and have been all winter. Columbus, Ohio" March 30, 1906. , Brother Lester is our new Recording Sec retary and he is a dandy, too. I would like to see more letters from each Local Union No. 87. Local every month; so we can know what is going on in our respective craft. Having been appointed Press Secretary Local 45 gave 'a free smoker the fore and knowing that I am expected to make part of February, which was well attended, good or have to show cause for not doing and much good resulted from it. , so, I will try to have something to say at I hope that we can' form a District Coun least once a month. Local No. 87 is pros cil of all the Locals within a radius of 100 pering and adding new members at every miles of Buffalo. There is about 3S Locals meeting. Owing to a mistake made here with a membership of about 800 members in the past, it is an up-hill climb, but with in good' standing. fairness and good business judgment, will Now, Brother Collins, don't put this in see a radical change in our standing as a the waste' hasket, but put it in the Worker, Local Union and as a sub-union of the as 45 has not had a, letter put in it over a 1. B. E. W.With the formation of the year. District Council' and the careful handling Yours, of the business with the different com A ME~1BER OF LOCAL 45, 1. B. E. W. panies in our District, we will be able to ~uffalo, N. Y., March 6, 1906. command respect-something that has been impossible to attain in the past. The mem bers of Local 87 are like all the rest'; a few Local Unio~, No. 54. attend and the rest are never around. If each Brother would take an interest in the Since my last letter to the Worker, L. U. meetings; changes for the better would be No. 54' has experienced a great many noticeable very soon. Don't expect a few changes. We have lowered ,our initiation to do the work for all. 'Work here is fair, fee for 30 days, and are reaping a harvest and the outlook is good for some time to of good results thereby. As we expect to, come. have within, a short time, every electrical E. J. M., Press Secy. worker who is eligible, carrying an 1. B., E. W. card. We have quite a number of them in now, and are taking in new ones Local Union No., 100. every meeting, and have a number of new applications up for investigation now.' I 'Beautiful spring is here and the fight note in the columns of our March Worker against the open shop still goes merrily on. that the 1. B. E. W. has increased in mem This fight is with the inside men, so boys bership in the past four months at the remember the danger signal is still up at rate of 1,000 per month, may the good Jacksonville. There is every prospect of work continue. several of our scabs leaving here, so .... be- .. - .. _._" ~~-'~~.:1' ." - 30 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER ware of all from Florida unless they have Local Union No. ,113. clear papers, with the green in sight. To the outside men will say: Organize The Local instructed me last night to all your men, show to the non-union men write you and ask if. you could put a notice it's to· their interest to come in with us. in the Worker for men to stay away from Get together every one of you, so' that if Lynchburg, Va., until we can better our we are called upon we can show to all that condition with the Bell Co. and contrac we are union men. Our finances are in tors. Now, understand me, we have no pretty good shape. trouble on hand, bilt'if the stragglers will Don't misjudge the other fellow, if you stay out of here for a while we think that think there is anything wrong demand a times will be better. settlement and if not made, prefer your Yours fraternally, charges and be sure you're right. , W. S. WEV. Quit knocking and secret talks, if you have anything to say, talk out like a man. Be careful of your own business no inside Local Union No. 114. no outside, but union men is what we should be. This is my first attempt for the Worker E. J McDONNELL. so you must excuse it. II4 is going ahead J acksonv-ille, Fla., M,~rch 30, 1906. fairly well, we had 4 applications and 4 initiations last meeting night and hope to have as .good a show next. Our agreement Local Union No. 103. expires the first of June so we are work ing with a will to get a better one next The Union Man is a man who depends term. We have a few Brothers out here upon his honesty' and ability to, maintain and would not advise anybody to come here ,as we have always a lot of floaters on conditions fit. for men to live under. hand: We are affiliated with the Building A Scab is a man who violates the Elev Trades Council and District Labor Council enth Commandment of Labor, "Thou shalt and so we stand united. Our D. L. C. is a not steal thy neighbor's job," and therefore legislative body and we hope to get a labor cannot be trusted on a job, or in the dark. man in the councilor board of education How can a man claim 'the title of a Free next term. We have one good labor man Man if on his own time and with his own in the board of education, James Simpson, money he cannot join the Union of his Vice-President of the Trades and Labor craft? Congress of Canada, but he was elected on The Freest Man is the Union Man and he the Socialist ticket. It seems a pity that always gives a fair day's work for a fair we can't hold together 365, days a year in day's pay. stead of parting on the most important day, When Pa,ll Revere took his famous ride, election day, as the cry is now capital or the rilen who left their farms and went into labor, so let all loyal 1. B. E. W. men vote the open to fight for justice were without for labor as you can see the old parties doubt the kind of men who, if living today, are not for us. Two weeks ago there ap would be, found staunch supporters of peared an ad. in our paper for linemen for Trades Unionism, for it should be borne in Scranton and Wilkesbarre which shows mind that these patriots made possible the that our so-called labor laws are no good American, Union. as they don't engage the man until he lands A Union man can and does do work with in your town. We have with us John Flett, out having to be watched. organizer for the A. F. of L., so hope he Union men give full weight and measure will do well as we have a great field for 'in return for Union pay, and consumers him to work on. I will now bring this to a are sure of full value in return for their close, wishing the 1. B. E. W. and its money when purchasi"ng Union Labor. officers continued success. Union Shops are where good mechanics I am, yours fraternally, are found, where the sons of poor men and , E. A. DRURY, Press Agent. of the widows will first learn to be honest; Toronto Canada, March 31, 1906. where the boy is respected and not treated as a slave; where the youthful life is pro tected and developed .into upright manhood' Local Union No. 118. and skilled craftsmanship. ' The Union Shops employ 85 per cent of Just a word for Local I 18. We are still the men working at the trade in Boston and in existence. There has been plenty of vicinity. , work here this winter. We have been ad The best class of workmen are always ding a few new ones, and still have some and invariably found to be members of their 4- or 5 applic'ations voted on. Fritz Becker respective frade Unions. a deaf and dumb lineman, had the mis Trades Unionism not only means a fair fortune to fall and break his right leg, so day's pay for a fair day's work, but it also it had to be amputated below the knee. As stands for Education, Conciliation, Arbi usual he was in arrears, so it falls on the tration, Freedom and Justice. Brothers to do what they can for him. The Free Man is the Union Man and has He is about 36 years of age and is well the -confidence and respect of fair people. known in several towns in Ohio. He fell ._ .. _.. ) A'PR THE EL.ECTRICAL WORKER 31 on Monday, March 26. His home is Chil Locai Union No. 156. licothe,· Ohio. I am sorry to say that an ex-brother is running a bunch of scabs in Things are moving along slowly but har Toledo, Ohio. moniously in this locality. We look for Hoping this will find space in the Worker ward to a more prosperous season than last I will ring off. year. The telephone companies are going H. H. DAVIDSON. to do extensive work in Texas during 1906. Dayton, Ohio, Mar. 30, 1906. Many of the "hikers" are commenting pleasantly on the "good old letters" being again printed in the Worker. Local Union No. 144. Many of our boys are beginning to see the logic of patronizing the union label. I have no doubt some of our Brothers It looks bad to see a "card man" adorn his will be surprised to see a letter in the "frame" with "scab" rags! Let each of us Worker from 144, however, we have not strive to live up to the obligation. 'It's easy been sleeping. We are still doing business at if you have got the proper metal in your the old stand, and moving along very nively. make-up. Let us each strive to do all the We sent Brother A. M. Evans to the good we can to every body in general, and District Convention on the 19th inst. and to the 1. B. E. W. in particular. we are pleased to say 'Brother Evans was More next month. appointed a member of the Executive Sincerely and fraternally, Board. Brother Evans reports business of "OLD CRIP," Press Sec'y No. 156. importance transacted in the convention and we hope interest will pick up in our DistriCt. It is only necessary to do a little Loc~l Union No. 159. hustling to add a large number to' our ranks, so let, there be hustling done and No. 159 is still moving along in her quiet push the cause along, the prospects are way, doing good where it should be done, fairly good in this locality for the coming and gathering new lights to the number of season. All Brothers seem to be busy, and, about 20, I think, in the past six months. room for one or two more (if they have the Local 159 spread themselves on a dance goods). Brother Corbett is nursing a: severe February 26, and took in such financial case of small pox at present, though we transmission, that Treasurer Brother Tom think he will get' along all right and be Smith had to be sent home in a hack with out in a few days. We hope so at least. a strong-arm bunch as guard. The light Some time ago 144 entertained a large num ing of the hall was some hot-stuff in beau bre of their friends at an oyster supper and tiful designs, and elicited much praise from dance and a very good time was had, and the dancers. We have the reputation here everyone seemed to enjoy themselves. We on dances and intend to hold it. would be pleased to hear from any of our All the brothers are working at present. old Brothers, and I will be pleased to an The Dane County Telephone are doing swer any letter from them. I hope to be some work. The Bell has just about fin able to have a better letter in the next ished cutting over to central energy. The Worker, as this is written on short notice, Light Company, some new work, though and news a little scarce. I hope my short the regular efficient force under Brother comings will be overlooked for the present, Tom Smith has done the work. The pros will be in better shape next month. With pects are favorable for plenty of work in best wishes to all, I am yours in the cause, this vicinity the coming season. E. S. CRIPPEN, Press Secy. Wishing all brothers success and best Wichita, Kans.,. Mar. 30, 1906. wishes from 159, Fraternally, , , CHAS. A. CLARK. Local Union No. 155. Madison, Wis., March 26, 1906. Just a few lines from No. ISS to let you know we are still alive and doing business Local Union No. 163. at the same old stand. We have gained , one good concession from the P. T. & T. Now brothers I won't say anything more Co. The scale for the journeymen line about what happened last year but I want man is $2.50 for nine hours. This was done to say a few words on what we' expect to by writing up a scale of wag-es, then signed do this year. ' We can be very proud of by the employes of the company, and sent what we accomplished last year and keep to the c;uperintendent of, construction, in our minds that a true rule in this 'life which was taken into consideration at once is, "that we will never pass this way again and allowed. We thank Mi'. Higgins for at this time" which n&ns that the chances his prompt attention in this matter. Work of today will never present theme sIeves' to is only fair at present. ".ny brother com us again so that what we have gained we ing this way with a good payed up card rriust hang on to in an honest honorable will get the best we have. Any body not way, and look to the present to assist the right keep going till you get right. future as it has assisted in the' past. I , W. M. NELSON, Press Sec'y. can state that if we follow the rule just Oklahoma City, March 21, 1906. , mentioned, the day is coming when other 32 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER organizations will point to the Electrical American, unchristianlike demonstration Workers and say they have the right kind which was fostered in the breasts of .ene of foundation, they can't be torn down. We mies to American principles and fair deal have at present a fight in this city of Wilkes ing. Now to the point. We local members Barre that discounts any labor difficulty of 163 want traveling Brothers and mem I believe, in the country. The Board of bers of the I. B. E. W. to rl;!membe.r that Trade and Citizen's Alliance started to Wilkes Barre has at present her hands full boom up a centennial to commerate the to show the electrical workers what we one hundredth anniversary of the 'found have on our hands here, listen to the fol ing of this diam~md city, they thought as lowing: most of their class think, that the union The carpenters, plumber'S, Painters, Stone men were like cattle who have been stick masons, plasters, brick layers, linemen, and ing to the Shepherds and Longs and that all miners who have until Tuesday, April 3. union men would forget what was done Now we implore you' to advertise that some twenty months ago to the building this town is having its share of sour grapes trades councils of the Wyoming Valley so help us to keep the market down. . with headquarters at Wilkes Barre, Pa. The. I could say a great deal more on these centennial committee, after seeing that if the same lines if I were allowed the space, labor organizations were ignored they which I certainly feel sure I will be allowed. would lose the day so" that now the com I will close by stating that Mr. Perkins mittee are working hard to settle with has 12 men working and he says he is get organization of sentiment, which . is our tingalong all right he has a new foreman strongest and bitterest foe. The committee but we are not worried, right will out, al1d expect IO,OOO people in here, but..! am afraid we are right, beyond any doubt, so it is they will be disappointed because all the only a question of time. Mr. Perkins didn't queens who were backed up by lodges and jump from the cradle to general manager secret organizations, composed of Uhion so we have some chance yet, I hope, to be men who just simply withdrew with their able to give account of all settlement in my candidates and left them. Now with just next letter. . two queens in the contest you can see how . Brothers remember to stick to 'your ob7 public opinion stands. The arches were to ligation and you will always .carry your be erected by unfair workmen, now it is to heart where it belongs. Now rust a word be put up by Union men I understand. The on the union mart. I would like some electrical work is to be done by unfair brother to give the definition of union man, linemen and electricians and our friend here is mine: Man is composed of two Mr. Perkins promised to donate $5,000 separate spirits, one is for good and' one 'is worth of electric current, and the electrical for bad. We watch a child and the first firms who are all working open shop, will tendencies that govern a chiId is to get into do the wire work, and perhaps Mr. Perkins trouble, which is the bad side, if the child will receive thanks from the inside con had the will power of older heads his bet- , tractors, and the good natured inside wire ter self would call a halt before the devil men will work 10 hours for 8 hours pay, had control of him, and his better spirit and then say he is satisfied as long as his would tell him which is right and which is employer is. Oh, my dear inside wiremen; wrong, so that the good union man get together, before it is' too late to gain whether he belongs to an organization or back what you have already lost, 'for you not is the one who is honest (first, last and well know you will surely lose more. Wake at all times with himself) then it is no up, and be honest with yourself, and' then trouble to be horiest with your fellow man. you won't have any trouble to be honest Good bye as I have to sift the ashes. with your fellow workmen, and your em I remain fraternally yours, . ployer. You well know you can't ride in W. F. BARBER, Press Secy. Studebaker automobiles and buy the tools Wilkes Barre, Pa. that are needed to bring you in the few dollars that are handed out to you by those who ride in auto's: Well I'm getting off my story, but my brother inside wiremen, KEEP AWAY. understand what I mean so I hope they will Keep away from Wilkes Barre, Penn., for excuse any bursting of feeling from me, but the general office is advised that the lock starid pat on the new proposed inside wire out which commenced about twenty months men's Local and 163 stands ready to assist ago by the employer's association, is still you in any shape or form which I hope we in existence; all building trades are in will be able to show before this is pub- volved. They are having an industrial war lished. . in reality, and no prospect of a settlement. As I stated before that we are afraid we All I. B. E. W. members are requested to will have to buck tht centennial as the keep away frolll this city for they say it is banner in front of the city hall advertising a bitter fight and want all electrical workers this affair was put up by the Wilkes Barre to keep away from that city. Gas and Electric Company's linemen, and Hoping you will insert .this in a good and union man who marches under that place, I remain banner must forget his obligation taken in Fraternally yours, any local union in this !;ity, or any other W. F. BARBER, Press Secy. city, who attends this scab, nonunion, un- Wilkes Barre, Pa. THE' ELECTRICAL WORKER 33 came ·over in a body to turn out to both Local Union No. 179. of these funerals, which shows that there is As it has been some time since the electrical workers that are not only looking brothers heard from 179, I will let them for the all mighty dollar but for Brotherly read a few lines from us. love as well. There are very few Brothers Well, brothers, we are, doing business trav.eling through here this spring, and yet:·· We hold regular meetings and we are there is very little work to travel for. trymg to better ourselves. We have on the . Brother C. R. Redinger has been very roll about 'twenty members and we have Sick for th,e past three. weeks, but is able got the charter open now, and we expect to be' out of bed at this· writing and we to a~d five or six new lights in our next would like to see him back in his harness meetmg. We had a very nice spread at our soon. l~st meeting, and everybody had a g.1l the unions of different crafts are pulling For the past three years we have had a m the same harness, and we think that closed shop agreement with the Telephor Charleston will be a strong union tdwn in a Company, which ran out last December year ·or two. We then got up a new schedule to present Well, Brothers, I won't write much this to the Company, which was drawn up' in time, as it is.my,first letter to the Worker. three sections, linemen, inside men, and So I will try and get another letter in our operators. On' the committee presenting next issue. . schedule they were informed by the di With best wishes to all brothers, . rectors of the company that the operators Fraternally yours, did not wish to have a union and as this J. B. WYLDS, R. S. No. 179. statement seemed to be corroborated by Charleston, S. c., March 16, 1906. one of the committee, they promptly tore off the operator section of the agreement and started in to discuss the linemen and Local Union No. 205. inside men's sections. The long and short Local 205' requests you to advertise of it was, we lost nearly every point but through, .the Worker a Ed. Hughes, card as work was slack we agreed that it would No. 68,105. This brother came into Jack-' be rash to strike and so signed an agree son and was given a position, the Local ment which was to be cancelled by thirty went good for his board, room etc,. and day's notice. (This agreement was never after drawing his money, he left here for approved but I did not have it returned for parts unknown. We wish to have his card over two and one-half months). held up wherever he deposits it, until such Shortly after the signing of this agree time as he settles with 205, or if you could ment, the operators informed us that they suggest some means of stopping him, we had signed a paper to withdraw from the . would be pleased to hear from you. union because they had been led to be Yours fraternally, lieve that their conditions would be greatlv W. H. SULLIVAN, Secy.· improved if they did so. They also Jackson, Mich., March 29, 1906. claimed that coercion had been used in getting their signatures to this paper, in fact, were extr.emely sorry that they had Local Union No. 209. signed paper, and wished to have a union. Well, our delegate' to them met them and Local 209 has its charter now draped in found that they were nearly unanimous in mouming for Bros. Edward Warner and sticking to their auxiliary. The "finale" Thomas O'Cohner. This is the first time came when the superintendent of the Tele our charter has been in mourning and the phone Company called them down to his boys look at it with a drawn face as we office individually and told them to either all know what it means, and little' we know sign' a paper agreeing to withdraw from how soon it may be draped'for ou'rselves. their auxiliary or send in their resignations I want to say that Local N'D. 347, of Penn within twenty-four hours. The girls ap- 34 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER pealed to Local 213 for support, which was could, if Mr. Sullivan would meet him promptly promised. In the meantime we alone, settle the whole thing. Accordingly wired G. V. P. Sullivan, "Operators or Dr. Lefevre and Mr. Sullivan met the fol dered to quit their union, what shall we lowing day and discussed the matter pro do ?" Sullivan wired back "Stand by op and con, and Dr. Lefevre, when he and Mr. erators, wire me if you need me." Sullivan parted, said he thought that if the T!Ie operators drew up an agreement gilrs wer.e given a charter of their own, which did not ask for any increase of they would be all right, but that he w·ould wages etc., but simply recognition of their have to talk over the matter with Mr. Far union. The agreement was presented and rel before giving his final decision. At that a committee of the operators and members meeting Mr. Ferrel was present and said of 213 met the directorate the following that he could not see his way clear to ad day, but they absolutely refused to sign the vise the girls in his employ to go into the agreement. , union, but Mr. Sullivan should go up and The company refused to sign a paper organ;ze them himself. Mr. Sullivan called because they stated it' would leave them upon Mr. Kent and asked him to introduce liable to criminal prosecution. The girls him to the non-union operators in his em then telegraphed to G. V. P. Sullivan, of ploy, and Mr. Kent said that he could not the International Brotherhood of Electrical do. such a thing and was satisfied that the Workers, saying the company said that if girls would not wish to meet Mr. Sullivan. they were to sign an agreement "none but Well, G. V. P. Sullivari has left for' members of the union to be employed," it Seattle and seemed highly disgusted with woulEl be illegal, and tqat if Mr. Sullivan the Telephone Company's methods of do-, would say that they could do so legally they ing business. We are fighting them to a would sign said agreement. Previous to standstill, they have had two of our men this G. V. Sullivan had been informed by arrested, one for intimidation arid one for telegram that the company, through fighting on the streets, we reciprocated and their superintendent, had ordered the girls had 3 of their men arrested, one of whjch to leave their union. Upon receipt of this was the superintendent of the company who telegram Mr. Sullivan telegraphed back, got so hostile at one of the strikers, taking "insist that none but union operators' be 'a photo of a "scab" that he jumped on the employed." camera and put it out of business. He had ~Tpon the committee' informing the board to pay for a new camera, the judge imposed directors of the result of the telegram a nominal fine on him. All the rest were eceived from Mr. Sullivan, they said they discharged as the evidence was insufficient had, changed their minds since they had to convict them. They have a gang of· been talking to them and would not sign. about 20 men (excuse Mr. Editor for dese- Thereupon the girls and the linemen went crating the word man) but none of these out. Local Union 213 then telegraphed for are any good as 'linemen, one or two of Mr. Sullivan to come on the ground. Mr. them might have had hooks on in their Kent, superintendent of the company, also young days when out bird nesting, but that's sent a telegram to Mr. Sullivan to come on all. I can tell you they are a sorry looking the ground. He came, arriving here on crowd, in fact are the scum of Seattle, February 28. A meeting was arranged with Spokane, Portland, and other towns in the the board of directors for Thursday. Three close vicinity. Seattle has also furnished meetings were held during the week, and at about IS scab operators and Everett 3. each of those meetings the directors stated I am glad to say that out .of 32 operators that they would not sign the agreement be who came out and 22 men not one has cause tli.ey would be subject to criminal gone back or even thought about it and prosecution if they did. we've been out five weeks now. Of course On the 5th of .Ma.rch we called upon Mr. a few of the boys floated out and that G. H. Cowan, K. C, of the firm of Cowan weakened us a great deal, but then we & Reid, to be advised upon t~ legal diffi must remember very few hikers are million culty raised by the company's directors. A aires. 'lleeting between counsel on both sides was We appealed to outside locals for finan .rranged for the 7th of March. At that cial aid and I am glad to say the results leeting there were present, representing were 'highly gratifying, and right here I 1e company, Messrs. McPhillips, Farrel would like to express a hearty vote of 1d Dr. Lefevre, and representing the union thanks to all locals who have already come 'ere Messrs Cowan, Sullivan, McDougall to our aid, and also those intending to. nd Manning. When it was pointed out If any of you have lost the address, write tat the proposed agreement had not called and let me know. , . :::>r a breach by the company of .its existing I hope Mr. Editor that you will find agreements with non-union operators, it room for this in the official journal. I'll was admitted by the company's representa let you have some more of it next time. tives that there was no legal objection to Yours fraternally, the proposed agreement. They, however, W. E. MANNING, Pres. raised what they called business objections Vancouver, B. C, March 29, 1906. to the agreement-objections which the rep resentatives of the union had been previous 'ly led to believe had been settled. There~ .We will be doing business at our new upon Dr. Lefevre said he and Mr. Sullivan home in the Piel ick Building on May 1. -~,-, "-.- ...... ":..---.. ~ • THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 35 ent, several of the brothers being idle with Local Union No. 216. no prospe-:ts of work for several week No. 216 is getting along nicely at present to come. We believe that if we could get an organizer here now we could induce a with good attendance at our meetings with considerable number of the men who are few exceptions. We had a sleet here last out to come around and get good cards. week which did considerable damage to F.· B. LONG. telephone lines in general, most of which Williamsport, Pa., March 21, 1906. will soon be repaired. Work is rather slow here at present. The Local Union No. 263. weather has been so bad, but we have bright prospects for this spring and sum I will let the Brothers know what is do mer we are looking forward to a very ing in this man's town. We are in the prosperous year. If reports be true there heart of the anthracite coal field, and last will be lots of work in our district the com ing season. ,night was the last the mines will work till One trouble with too many of our mem after the operators and the U. M. W. of A. bers, they are too anxious to get new mem committees meet in N. Y. city to make bers. They want to give men cards before some kind of a settlement, so you know they are eligible. Brothers, we have enough of that kirid now. Union men should be that things are not very bright around here. and are the best grade of mechanics which All work is very dull just now but if the standard we must maintain and which we miner's strike is settled, there will be lots carl't do if we give men cards before they of line work around here and about 40 are entitled to them. miles of trolley ·to be built and L. U. 263 I am heartily in accord with the A. F. will see that it is a card job if we can. I of L. in .regard to forming .a Labor party. think that some of our Brothers that, are It is something'we have needed for years. away from home· will be floating back If we elect the men that make our laws why home. Weare taking a few new members not elect men that will represent us and of late but there are lots of outside and make some laws in our behalf. I will say inside fixers in and around this town that in conclusion, if any of the Grand Officers are not in the union' yet, and it seems that happen. down this. way, they are always they are afraid of their jobs. If we were welcome. all that way we would have no union. If With best wishes, I .remain yours in any ·of -the Brothers should !=ome this way 1. B. E. W., don't forget the· Green Goods, we are not E. L. MITCHELL, farmers but we like to see the goods. We R. S. and P. S., Local 216. meet the 1st and 3rd Sundays of each March 26, 1906. month at 2 p. m. If you come this way drop in Seiler-Zimmerman Building, rooms 7 and 8, and see us. Hello Harry (Dutch) Wile, why don't you write, also Chas. Local Union No. 239. Shultz, where are you? Hoping to hear from you soori, and wishing all members Perhaps that since Local No. 239 has . success, I remain, never written a line for the Worker, there Fraternally yours, may be an Idea that we are down and out. HARRY T. MORGAN, Pres.· Such; however, is not the case, although Shamokin, Pa., April I, 1906. we an! having a hard struggle, to keep afloat. The outside men are in the major Local Union No~ 314. ity in our Local at present, but we haven't all of the outside men who are working in As Local No. 314 has not appeared in the city by any means. We have a few· the Worker and I am Press Secretary, I members working for the Bell, but none hope this will appear. in large letters. are employed by the Electric Light Com Local No. 314 is still in the .':iJg and panies in this city, but nearly all other line stronger than ever. All our men are work men have cards or have applications hand ing and any brother coming with the goods ed in. As for the inside men, we are will be treated all right. somewhat short as to members, although The Automatic Telephone people· are get we expect to have quite a few applications ting read to do business and will be want after April 2, when the 1. B. T. C. have ing a few more men in the near future. voted to ~nforce the card system on all Organizer Young is going to be in our buildings. We are informed that. one con city for a month and we hope several new. tractor has requested his men to all have Locals will be organized in other crafts. cards after that date. We are also told Wishing all the brothers a prosperous that the Electric Light Companies claim year, I remain, that if their men join the union they can . Fraternally yours, consider themselves discharged, or words R. N. MUFFLEY, Press, Sec'y. to that effect. Work is slow here at pres- 14.54 Ellis, Bellingham, March 20, 1906. • THE ELECTRICAL WORKER Local Union No. 365. our journal if you can do so.: ·It is clipped from "The Christian Observer." In an editorial in the March number of In regard to working conditions in' this The Electrical Worker, you ask, can we vicinity, will say that things have been pretty dull all winter, but I think that all profit by the example set us by the work- our members will be working again when ingmen and Trades Unionists of Great our readers get this letter.' . Britain? I hold that we can by making Our delegate to the meeting of the Dis some radical changes in our actions on trict Council reports plenty of hot air, also a good deal of work accomplished. I think election day. We must cut all the that the District Council was wise in the lines that run to the so-called "Good" and selection of a . President. Every member "Safe" men who' are placed on the tickets should put his shoulder to the wheel and of both of the old political parties to catch help the District Council to get their Dis the votes of workingmen and who misrep- trict thoroughly organized, not in spots, but resent us ,,-fter election. in every corner. The main object of the Our motto must be "Workingmen to rep-, . District Council will then be accomplished resent workingmen." We must act as a and the other objects of the District Coun unit. In this way we can hold the balance cils can be obtained without friction or of power and can place our .representatives trouble. in positions that will enable' them to rep- Hoping that I haven't taken up too much resent us. I hate taxation without repre- of your space, I am, sentation as bitterly as did the men of '76. Yours fraternally, It is time for the voters to wake up and HARRY TRIPP. look around them.. F u 1ton, ML 0., M arc h 24, 190 6. Is it possible that intelligent Americans who read the articles now being printed in the best magazines, for instance, "Cos Local Union No. 389.. .nupolitan," "Everybody's" and "Watson's," will go to the polls and say by their vote Will you find room in your April Worker that they want these conditions to continue. for this if our Press Secretary hasn't sent I think not. The brother of No. 50 is on a letter? . the main line. The brother of No. 143 puts As I see that our Press Secretary hasn't up an argument that hits the target. More got onto his new job yet, I will let the of the same kind will suit me. Brotherhood know that we are still doing Enough on that subject. I will go back business. . . to myoId love, the Union Label. Work around here is good and has been Publishing the "We don't patronize" list good a good share of the winter. The Op in our journal is a step in the right direc position and Bell have been doing a lot of tion. The brothers can do the rest, if they new work and will be doing some work on care to. . the outside this summer. It is my belief that a great many of the Would like to say a word in regards to bl'Others are ashamed to ask for the label other Locals in this section of the country. when they buy anything. They are afraid I don't know what is the matter but they that it makes them appear ridiculous. We don't seem to want to get together and do must get over that feeling and say to the business in the right way. We have sent dealer, "If you want our trade you must communication and word to other Locals handle union label goods." .' and have not received any reply, it isn't be If this. plan is followed you will soon cause they haven't received them, because find that the merchants likes to have union I know they have, and they come around made goods in his stock, but, on the other and say the wood-walkers from up the line hand, if you believe the merchant when are no good. Of course all' business have he tells you that it is almost impossible for their bum things in them, but there are a him to secure union made goods, and buy few that come up the line that can be put what he wants to sell to you, you will al ~~ .' ways be· found scabbing on some of your We would like to see someone this way fellow workingmen and women. Look into or some communication in regards to form":' your n,;~!'t and see what you think of a ing a District Council. . "scab," and I think that you will find it im Would like to hear if it is a good plan to possible to "scab" on the workers of any take in apprentices where we haven't got trade by buying non-union goods . I could things our own way. go on along this line indefinitely. It has If there is a Brother that comes your been said .by some' "card men" that I am way by the name of Arthur Stone, give him "nutty" on the union label question, and the glad hand, as he is as good as they there may be some truth in the charge. I make them. .hope so. I like to' read your editorials, We have been having good meetings of Brother Collins, and I find that I agree with late, there has been about two-thirds the you in a great m.any things. Can you members at meeting that are on the books. give us something on the union label in the Will pull the plug for. this time, whh future? best wishes of success to the Brotherhood. Am sending you with this letter an arti O. MUNGER. cle that I would like to have you copy for Glens Falls, N. Y., Mar. 30,. 1906. THE ELECTRICAL WORKER Local Union No. 418. light complexion, smooth face, about 5 feet 9 inches in height, and weighs about 160. Local 418 is still doing a thriving business He was given a chance to square himself in regard to getting new members. The re but refused to do so and is to be treated as sults of having a good organizer have never an ordinary thief. ' been more clearly demonstrated than they Yours fraternally, have been in Southern California in the LOCAL, 466. past three months. Brother Kennedy is car Belvidere, Ill., March 27, 1906. rying the country by storm for unionism. '-f By the way, I wish to call the attention "' of the Brotherhood at large to the fact that we are building a Labor Temple in Local Union No. 93. Los Angeles. Get in, brothers, and sub As I was re-elected Press Secretary of scribe for stock and some day we may have Local No. 93, is becomes my duty to in the grand' privilege of holding an 1. C. in form the readers of our journal that the Los Angeles, and we can meet in a build conditions here are very good. All brother, ing owned and controlled by union labor: are busy. Mr. Griffin, of New York, has Yours fraternally, placed his card in here. He is foreman for JOHN WHITE, Press Sec'y. the Street Railway Co., and he said it was Pasadena, Cal., ~ March 25, 1906. a strictly Union job. So you see we have everything our way. We gobble every worker up coming this way, and if no good, Local Union No. 438. we keep him on the move. , Brother Cook had his leg broken by ~ You have never heard from Local 4.18 fouling pole with the Light Co. before, and as I have been chosen to throw Brothers, we expect to be in our n(:; , the ink for this bunch, will say in the be home in the Fouler Building by the last (,~ ginning that we are a small but lively April. baby in the Union, and although we are Wishing, }OU all success, just beginning to cut our' wisdom teeth I C. D. LENTZ, Press Sec'y. think you will find us, as the months roll East Linpool, Ohio, March 20, 1906. by, a pretty healthy youngster. P. S.-W e received the Worker for Feb We ,had a pleasant and profitable visit mary and March O. K. from Brotha Dale Smith a short time ago and if there are any Locals in his district that have ,'lOt had the pleasure of meeting DECEASED. him they had better get busy: He is one of those fellows who, as the old lady says, Geo. Twilley, Local No. 194. "Kinder iivens things up." Come again, James R. Wheeler, Local, No. 139. Brother Smith. 'William T. Ryan, Local No. 45. There'is not much doing around here at Edward Warner, Local- No. 209. this time, but we are pushing things along Philip Auman, Local No. 10. and hope that in the future we will be able Thomas O'Connor, Local No. 209. to poke our heads into the big bunch and be of some account in the world. We believe that by "Filling the oil cups" Till We Meet Again. (paying our dues), opening the throttle (keeping 0ur members working), getting Although my foot may never walk your up full speed (taking in new material), and ways, , throwing :n the main switch (keeping in No other eyes will follow you so far. touch with the International), that we, will No voice rise readier to ring your praise, have no trouble in forging to the very front Till the swift coming of those future days ranks. , When the, world knows you for the m'an As this is our first attempt we will you are. - switch off and give some one else a chance. Keep that Worker coming; we need it You mtlst go on and I must stay behind, in our business. We may not fare together, you and I, , Yours till the finish, But, tho' ;he path to Fame be steep and , W. E. BARR, P. S. blind, 124 S. Long St., Salisbury, N. C. Walk strong and steadfastly before man- kind, . Because my heart must follow till you die. Local 'Union No. 466. Steadfast and strongly, scorning mean suc NOTICE.-All Locals please note that cess, Geo. Timmony, formerly treasurer of Local Lenient ~o others-to yourself severe. 466, has been suspended from this Local If you must fail, fail not in nobleness; for the embezzlement of the funds in his God knows a.ll other failures I could bless hands, amounting to about $40. That sent you back to find your welcome Timmony is the wire chief for the C. U. here. - Tel. Co. here. He has red hair, blue eyes, -CaroZine Duer in Teachers' Bulletin. THE ELECTRICAL WORKER Fake Financial Advertising. By THOMAS GIBSON. In Ad Sense. The campaign recently begun against During the oil excitement in Texas a few fa1\.e advertisers in the patent medicine line years ago over a thousand of these com by a few periodicals is a step in the right panies were incorporated. In' most cases direction. The criminality of this form of their "property" consisted of nothing more soliciting has been steadily growing. At valuable than a desk, two or three chairs, the inception of cure-all advertisements the and a safe (always a safe) ; but by adver .0str'1ms' were more or less harmless, but tising their stocks widely in the daily papers .he promoters soon saw the necessity of they succeeded in selling millions of dollars creating a steady demand for their wares, worth of bogus stock certificates. The and resorted to the expedient of putting graft was so good that the Western Union alcohol and other appetite-creating drugs Telegraph Company was compelled to in into the decoctions. stall a half dozen extra operators at Beau The criminality of such a, course has mont to handle increased business, fully already been enlarged upon, and the editor. fifty per cent of which consisted of tele who accepts this kind of matter knowingly graphic orders for oil stocks. shares in the crime by making himself a The first thing a fake stock promoter cheap accessory. He does for a few dollars does after he has purchased his desk, -.nat tiie ad:;ertiser is doing for thousands. chairs and safe-sometimes on credit-is While criminal advertising is most ser to cast about for prominent names to head ious in the nostrum line, in that it threatens his roster of officers and stockholders, as the health, lives and morals of many peo the exploitation of names bearing more or ple there are a. hundred and one other less weight helps him greatly. Usually he hemes directed solely at the purses of the gains the use of these names by misrepre uusophisticated, which, in the aggregate, sentations of his enterprise, and a generous rob the Dublic of millions of dollars an gift of worthless stock. Most of his offi nuallv. These schemes find their advertis cers, it is true, are "has-beens." Every ing field" not in the pages of magazines or prospectus of one of these concerns con class publications, but in the columns of the tains a large number of "Ex" something-or daily papers. Advertisements of large others, but no matter; "Ex-Senator John salaries to inexperienced people, of fortune son" looks good in print, and a few "Ex's" tellers, of ridiculous puzzles which no, per combined with a picture of an oil well son could fail to solve at a glance, and for spouting great guns, or a lot of weary the solution of which large sums (invar miners ascending fro~ the bowels of iably in gold) are offered; of matrimonial ,Mother Earth with a load of gold ought to bureaus, and of a hundred and one other sell stocks-and does. , concerns have for their sole and only ob The general public possesses little com ject the divorce of the gullible from their prehension of the nature of the commercial coin. status of oil, metal and timber land, and the But the class of thieving last mentioned is glamor of mystery is a deadly attraction. not serious. It is bad enough, but the loss So much for the intrinsic merit of the to each victim is limited, and experience fraudulent advertising stock company-that gained by investing a few dollars with the it is daily bilking the public out of great catch-penny advertiser may be worth the sums of money will no doubt be generally cost. conceded. There is, however, a class of advertising, From a technical standpoint let us con the grave financial character of which is sider the attitude of two other classes in worthy of notice. Millions of dollars are terested in this form of publicity, i. e., the annually poured into the coffers of adver publisher and the bona fide advertiser.• tising _campaigners who form corporations The publisher of the ordinary daily paper for the purpose of fraudulently selling accepts this form of advertising with a stock in oil, mine, timber, land, rubber, and pleasant smile. He makes his own rates coffee plantation companies. Out of all and he gets cash for his space. If he is the money which goes to the promoters of criticised, he says he is not judge and jury, such enterprises, not one per cent ever re that he knows nothing of the character of verts to the "stockholder." In ninety-nine the stocks advertised; he is a common cases out of a hundred the principal invest carrier of advertising matter not offensive ment of such companies consists of its nor openly criminal. Of course this is all flamboyant advertising. Usually the pro bosh. Any intelligent man can pick up a moters know nothing at all about oil wells, daily paper, the columns of which are open or whatever the property represented may to mountebanks, and with a blue pencil be, but they know a great deal about the strike out every questionable advertisement effectiveness of good advertising, in five minutes. The publisher is. an in- ' ...'--, ,'"" I J THE ELECTRICAl: WORKER 39 telligent man; he could purge his columns fered death for being caught in company easily enough the trouble is, he would have with the crows is exemplified." to lighten his purse at the same time. I quote this because when I wrote it I Sometimes the editor shows his indepen did not have the present article in mind at dence by writing an editorial warning peo all, but was simply attempting to point out ple against the dangers of the wares to the best advertising mediums for the bona which he helps give publicity. If his col fide stock and grain broker, founded on umns are crowded with the advertisements practical knowledge, not on theory. The of paper oil companies, he points gravely quotation appears to be pertinent to the to the dangers of speculating in such stocks. present contention. Not long ago we had the edifying spectacle There is another point to be considered of a Chicago daily talking abstinence, not by the publisher in regard, to fake matter, temperance, but rabid abstinence editorially; and that is its effect on the future of ad and printing a full page whiskey advertise vertising generally. It is certainly injur ment in the same issue. Later this course ious. It tends to make the victims look was defended by the editorial writer. Can more and more askance at all advertise anyone imagine a more unpleasant job for ments, and if this is the case, it logically an able man, capable of sound reasoning, follows that the effectiveness of good ad than trying to contort °his logic into shape vertising is somewhat impaired. This may for such a defense? Let us be consistent. seem a little strained, but if advertising had But to get back to the subject. If the always been so conducted that eve'ry editor or business manager of a paper is not reader of a publication could have had ab c sure that his advertiser is reliable, isn't it solute faith in the representations of adver his business, to find out? His paper is tisers ,generally the effectiveness of that supported by its advertising columns, and form of publicity would have been en the advertising columns depend upon the hanced. It goes without saying that if the patronage received from the subscribers effectiveness were increased, the rates and readers. Can any justification what would be correspondingly higher. ever be found for sending matter to these , And this brings us around to the other readers and subscribers calculated to cause interested party, the bona fide advertiser. them serious monetary loss? Does not the He displays his inducements in a bc::::ty'· publisher owe it to his patrons to protect which is being drained of much cash by them rather than to assist in robbing them? fakirs. No matter what his line is he His readers are presumably the friends of suffers. He suffers from the general u.,,' his paper; they believe more or less in its crediting of advertised wares; he suffers probity, and consequently attach some from the diversion of the' funds of the very weight to the matter, advertised in its col class he wants to reach, i. e., people who umns. read and answer advertisements. He suf And again, the editor is assisting the fers because he cannot afford the wholesale fakirs in a most substantial way through display of the rascals. The things the bona his news columns. The class of grafters fide man has to sell cost something, where under consideration base their advertising as, the wares of the fakir cost little or campaigns on general public excitement in nothing. ,fie suffers, 'but he makes no certain districts. The ' unsophisticated sound. reader peruses first the news of rich N either the reliable advertiser, nor the strikes, of fortunes made in a single day at victim of fake advertising, seems to con Goldfield, Beaumont, or wherever the hur sider the publisher responsible in any way. rah may be. Inflamed by these exagger Think it over. If every victim of a gross ated stodes he falls an easy victim to the misrepresentation were to consider the sharks whose advertisements appear in an organ which led to his undoing an acces other section of the paper. sory, and protest vigorously, the publisher "But you can't blame us for printing the would soon begin to look twice at the news," says Mr. 'Publisher. No, sir; but matter sUbmitted for publication. If every I do blame you for printing irresponsible good advertiser were to protest against his advertisements. advertisement being submerged and his ter ritory drained by the bad advertisers, the But aside from the moral side of the publisher would look three times at the question, does, the publisher really gain' matter offered. There lies the ,cure. anvthing in the long run by furthering the It is not meant to say that publishers schemes of rascals? Probably not. In the and editors as a class are lacking in morals first place, he drives away a great deal of -far from it-they are above the average. good advertising. This may not be appar but as long as no protest is made, they will ent at once, but it is true nevertheless. In give the matter neither thought nor atten Ad Sense for December, 190<;, on "Broker tion, and the necessity and desire for dol age Advertising," I said: lars in the business office are such that the "Another. fact to be considered in regard protest must needs be a vigorous one. to display advertising in the financial The great army of grafters who sell columns of the municipal daily, is that the nothing for something, under the pretense advertisement usually suffers from too of selling something for nothing, have only ,much bad company. two allies-only two methods of robbing "Here, the fable of the stork which suf- people in a wholesale way: the public press -----~:;;::;-:-. THE ELECTRICAL WORKER and the United States mail. If these two of the ruling caste to lash the proletariate avenues are closed to them, it means that into servitude. Tyranny has always util their day is past, and that millions of dol ized the soldier to crush popular liberty. lars will be saved annually to people who Gatling guns and the militi.a have time and are credulous and simple to a sublime de again been employed against striking work gree. men in America, and there is no guarantee And the purging of advertising columns that the propertied classes will not resort means something else; it mea.ns dignity and to arms in the future to defeat the ulti dependability and honesty. It means, car mate triumph of labor. ried to a logical conclusion, that the adver It therefore behooves workingmen in all tising columns of newspapers will come to lands fo unite in a crusade against mili be looked upon as representing the wares tarism, and to join forces with other or and prices of responsible people, the legiti ganizations seeking the abolition of war. mate competition of merchants or profes This is a mission the working class might sional men. The subscriber to a paper will well take upon themselves, not only from come to consider the advertisers as being self interest, but as a humanitarian object in a measure vouched for by the organ it worthy of the heartiest support. self (even as many magazines now vouch Organized labor has already endorsed for their advertisers), and, will patronize and become a part of the peace movement. them accordingly. The leaders, the papers and the official This article is not framed with the idea programs of trades unionism have told the that any such reform is probable, or even world that labor protests against the waste possible in the immediate future. That will of militarism and the barbarities of in take time, like aU .other reforms; but the ternational strife. tendency is in the right direction. If it So far, so good. But more must be done. were possible to compile a table showing Labor should become a positive element the immense damage done by criminal ad in the peace movement. By so doing it Yertisers, the figures would be· so appalling . will win the applause of all good men, and as to awaken a .general protest. Mean at the same time prove to society that it while, as has been said, some good may be is still a great humanitarian force in the -o:.-:etJli1plished by a protest. from. those most world. Trades unionism has much to gain interested-the victim a:nd the bona fide ad from being in the vanguard of the peace vertiser. movement. . . There are several ways in which labor can boom along the cause of peace. Militarism and Labor. I. By the spokesmen and periodicals of labor more frequently and more em By WILLIAM RESTELLE phatically denouncing war. 2. By making international arbitration Workingmen of America, what IS your one of the definite demands of trades un attitude toward war? iohism. Organized labor should urge upon the government the conclusion of as many Do you. stand opposed to militarism? Is arbitration treaties as possible with foreign it· your wish that war, like slavery, be powers. abolished? Would you have universal har 3. By the publication of a manifesto mony supersede the international anarchy calling upon all workmen to lend their sup port in the crusade against militarism, and prevalent on this globe? proclaiming to the world the attitude of The· more intelligent among you realize labor on this question. that war is disastrous to the millions who 4. By sending greetings to the larger toil, that it impairs the efficiency. of the peace societies and .promising to them the working class, that it brings sorrow and support of labor in every effort calculated destitution to many· a hearth, that it im to ensure the peace of the world. Labor poverishes the whole people, and that· it should also be represented at peace confer involves the brutalization of the whole race. ences. The folly, the criminality, the unutterable s. By an international affiliation of labor horror of war are apparent to all and need unions for the prevention of wars. The not be dwelt on here.. . peace movement is necessarily an inter Thus, too, with militarism. The amount national movement and should therefore of energy, ingenuity and wealth which is receive the international support of labor. diverte·d fro111 channels of usefulness to Moreover, the iriternational solidarity of maintain and· augment the engines of de the working class needs to be strengthened struction devised by modern Christendom and the time is now auspicious for .closer is almost inconceivable. The colossal arm consolidation. aments o·f Europe and America are paid for I submit the suggestions contained in thi~ out -of the sweat and· degradation of those paper to the working men and ·women of who work. America,. and would urge upon them the But the enmity of the working class to desirability of them championing this cause. militarism is provoked not only ·by its finan Let the working class of America invite cial burden, but also by the menace military the working class throughout the world to power is to Democracy. Standing armies join them in this movement· to establish have always been ready whips in the hands peace on earth and good will among men. THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 41 The Trade Union as a Business Institution. By HERBERT N. CASSON. Organized Labor and Organized Capital i1ation, while the trust tends to destroy it. are engaged in a fight to a finish. It is the Business is industrial warfare; and as Trade Union against the Trust~the union Francis A. ·Walker, the noted political e'con workingman against the monopolist. omist. once said: "If the wage laborer does The final outcome of this fight will· affect not pursue his interest, he loses his inter the welfare of every man, woman and child est." in the United States. It is not a private Not even the richest millionaire can stand scrap~it is an industrial Civil War. The. alone against the Wall street communism question that is being decided is more than of wealth that seeks to conquer the com one of work and wages; it is whether this merce of the world. About two years ago country is to be run in the interests of a New York financier, rated at $20,000,000 property or in the interests of the people. withdrew from the Sugar Trust, in which On a question ~o important as this every he had made his money, and struck out on one of us must form an opinion. If we do his own account. He antagonized the great not investigate for ourselves and form in R3.ilrocld Trust and several others, and the telligent opinions, we will. be sure to be result was that his millions melted away lieve what some newspaper says and forin like snow in June. He. was bankrupted folish opinions. No people are so clannish as so thoroughly that he was obliged to turn capitalists, and as they control nearly every over to his creditors his home, his chickens paper and magazine and library, their side and his gold watch. Such is the difficulty of the. question has been presented as favor of playing a lone hand against the business ably as possible, while trade unionists have combinations of today. been generally denounced as dangerous agi If, therefore, unions is necessary for mil tators and rioters. lionaires, how much more necessary is it Therefore, as the average American. citi for workingmen, who have no "pull," no zen is not a fanatic, but a well-meaning, property and no social standing? A single fair-minded sort of a fellow, there is a de non-union workingman can no .more make mand for a clear, simple statement of the a contract with a trust than a grasshopper Organized Labor side of the question. can stop an express train. Yet both grass Thousands of people want to· "hear the hoppers and workingmen _ have stopped other side." Every morning they read ac trains and trusts by combining in large counts of these desperate battles called numbers. The individual worker has be strikes; they notice the wonderful organi come as powerless as the individual voter. zation of these gigantic armies of work N either can do anything alone, but by com ingmen, and the courage with which their bining they can absolutely control every unions face mon6polists whom the kings department of industry and government. of Europe do not dare to· offend; and they Take away the trade union and you take want to know what it is all about. . away the only hope the average working As a· matter of fact, there is nothing man has of bettering his condition. A wage secret or mysterious or foreign about Or worker is not like a stock-juggling finan ganized Labor. Any ten-lear-old boy can cier; he has no hopes of sudden wealth. understand it. In every large community Every dollar in his pay envelope must be of intelligent working peo'Ple a trade union earned and. often double-earned by hard is as legitimate as a savings bank and as work. He is not, generally speaking, like a indispensable as a post-office. bank clerk; he has little hope of being This is an age of organization in all picked out and promoted. His chance of be civilized countries. Capitalists combine ing made superintendent, at a salary of into corporations and trusts to lower ex $5,000 a year is about as probable as his penses and increase profits, and wage work chance of being sent to Congress. He has ers combine into unions to reduce the hours nothing to sel except his labor, and no of labor and to raise wages. The "scab" means of getting a higher price for it ex- capitalist is driven out of business by. the cept through his union. - trust, and the "scab" working-man is driven '~Recognizing the Tight of the capitalist out of employment by the union. The man to . control his capital, we also claim· and whether capitalist or workingman, who shall exercise the right to control our does not protect his business interests by labor," said the Constitution of the St. organizing with others like himself is al Crispins, a shoemakers' union that exerted most -certain to become a bankrupt or a a great influence twenty-five years ago. tramp .. And the onLy way that the price of labor Considered a" a business proposition, can _be controlled or -increased is by the from a purely selfish standpoint, the trade combination of all the workers who have union and the trust are very similar; any particular kind of labor to sell. though, as we shall see· further on, the The days of "free contracts" between the trade union tends to elevate and enrich the individual worker and his employer are THE ELECTRICAL WORKER gone by. Today workers are hired and The modern capitalist is armed and or fired by the hundred and often by the ganized. He is protected by every possi thousand. They have no chance to even ble fortress of law. He has hired editors enter their employers' office. In most cases and professors and preachers to defend his they work for an anonymous corporation, actions and abuse his opponents. He even and are treated by the company as so much counts on the police, the militia and the raw material and numbered like trucks and National Guard to always champion his drays. Neither employer nor workman side of the quarrel when he disagrees with knows one another by name. his' employes. His one aim and object in Either, then, they must do as the farmers life is to get as much work done for as do-='pay what they're asked and take what little money as possible, and to sell the they're offered, or organize a union, elect a product for the highest price he can secure. secretary, and s'end him into the company's So the ,unorganized workers are today office to make better terms on their behalf. as helpless as sheep in a den of wolves. Abram S. Hewitt, a wealthy employer and ex-Mayor of New York, once said that "Theirs not to make reply, it is only when the workers are organized Theirs not to reason why, that the contending parties in an industrial Theirs but. to work and die." struggle are in a position to treat: "Capital Such is the predicament of the worker will not listen," said he, "until Labor is in who has no union. The Trust-makers are a position to compel a hearing." racing to see who shall be the first billion Almost every capitalist imagines that he aire, and they have no time to think of the can increase his profits by cutting down insignificant $z-a-day atoms who wriggle wages. This is a great mistake, as we shall about in their great mines and ,factories. point out in another chapter; but it seems Fifty years ago, when ten workers impossible to get the idea into the average worked side by side with their employer, in capitalistic brain. Most employers, and es a little wooden factory, each separate work pecially those who belong to Trusts, want man counted for something. He called his to make their will the only law of their em employer by name and was free to give ployees. They want to deal with their men advice about the business. He was much in the same way that old Judge Jacob more like a partner than a hired hand. But Weaver dealt with the Indians. Weaver in the gigantic plants that now' exist one was aNew Yorker who lived over a hun worker counts for as little as a leaf on a dred years ago and who made a' large tree. The bigger the plant, the smaller the fortune in the fur trade. He taught the workman, is a truth that most American Indians. to sell their furs by weight, and :-vage-earners have found out by exper- persuaded them that his foot weighed one Ience. , pound and that his hand a half-pound. This shrinkage of the workman can only Weaver had thus the credit, as well as the be over come in two ways-by organization profit, of inventing the first "sliding scal~" or by some catastrophe which greatly re system of wages. duces the number of workingmen in the Consequently, if workingmen had no un country. The latter happens occasionaJly, ions, there is no' limit to the wrongs they as after the Black Plague in Europe and would suffer at the hands of despotic capi during the Civil War in America, but it talists. The misery of the victim would be can hardly be recommended as a plan of as limitless as the greed of the oppressor. reform. The competition in luxury now being Organization is, therefore, the only expe waged by millionaires and their wives dient by which the wor~er can retain any would cause one reduction to follow an individual rights whatever. If he has no other in quick succession. Whenever a right to set a minimum price upon his labor, new palace was built, or a million dollars then the grocer has no right to set a price given to a college or a daughter married upon his groceries and the physician has to a Duke, another ten-per-cent, cut-down no right to fix his own fee. When any would be ordered, or another hour added body of people are prevented from com to the length of the day's work. bining for mutual profit, business stops and The trade union civilizes the capitalist. slavery begins. It prevents him from making a Persian "I have a right to be a man," said Francis Shah of himself. It draws a line between Leiber, "because I .am a man'." The un fair play and oppression and says, "Thus justifiable attempt of capitalists to ignore far, and no farther shall you go." It says trade unions, to refuse arbitration and lock to him,. "This is America and not Russia; the office door against the elected ft!pre and you must do business the American sentative of the workingmen, is a denial of way." It transforms the wage-earners those fundamental rights upon which de from human machines into human beings. mocracy and civilization stand. "Whenever Capital disarms, Labor will; The trade union is, in short, the natural but not before," said Wendell Phillips. Be product of the present industrial system. fore corporations and trusts were formeu, No agitator or body of labor leader's is to when capitalists were weak and' disorgan be credited with the production of the La ized, there was some reason for their oppo bor Movement. The cause of unionism is sition to trade unions. But today the fight the instinct of self-preservation, which is made by the Trusts against unionism is in most highly developed in intelligent and every way unj ust. robust nations. "i I I ! THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 43 When "UJilcle Sam was rich enough to Up to r886, American labor bodies were give us all a farm," and when farming on inclined to favor schemes for social reor a small scale was profitable, the wage-earn ganization, such as Fourierism and Social er was more independent. If his boss re ism; but they discovered that all these fused to raise his wages, he could go west schemes ended in politics and politics end and take up land. There was ev~n a chance ed in disruption. Since that time they have before millionaires grew up, for a poorly~ been more practical and business-like. They paid mechanic to start a little shop of his have kept clear of political traps and ideal own. istic propaganda. At every annual conven 'Today the bon7tnza farm and expensive tiQn some well-meaning but short-sighted agricultural machinery make it almost im enthusiast proposes to transform the whole possible for a poor man to succeed in farm Labor Movement into a Socialist political ing, even if he could get the land for noth party, but after half an hour of fireworks ing, and there is no chance whatever to the resolution is voted down and the mem start a factory with ten cents and a jack bers settle back to more important business. knife, as many did fifty years ago. Every intelligent unionist believes in un . The 5,000,000 wage-workers in the . large ited political action on the part of wage factory cities of America have absolutely workers. He has also his ideals and dreams nothing to depend upon but their weeklv of what business will be like in the twenty wages. Their Saturday pay-envelope is to first century, but he does not believe in them what land is to the farmer. It is mixing dreams with his bread and butter. their life. Since 1890, trade union conventions have And whether the'- pay-envelope contains refu;>ed to admit delegates from political much or little it is uncertain. At any time partIes .. it may be stopped. A government report One of the abuses, for instance, which has shown that 65 per cent. of the unem trade unions first set out to abolish was the ployed men and 78 per cent. of the unem infamous "truck store" system, which was ployed women of the United States were ve~y. common sixty years ago. This system workers in the manufacturing industries. ongmated partly because of the scarcity of Without any guarantee of steady em currency and partly because of a dislike of ployment, without political" influence, with the employers to see their working people out a cent of income from rent, profits or too prosperous. . It compelled a working-. in~erest, without a square foot of land, man to" buy his goods from his employer's wIthout any home except the one ·which is store, invariably on penalty of discharge. hired by the month "from the landlord, or At the end of the week or month the without any pr'£)spects of an old-age pen worker received in his "pay-envelope"· a sion, is it any wonder that the wage-work statement of his account with his boss, of-' ers organize unions for mutual protection? ten showing him in debt instead of having Is is any wonder that they consider trade a balance in his favor. If there was a unions to be "the indispensable means of balance, it was paid, i10t in cash, but by a enabling the sellers of labor to take care due-bill, good for so much merchandise at of their own interests," to quote the words the "pluck-me" store. . of John Stuart Mill? . The employer fixed the rate of wages Imagine a body of 500 men and women, and also the price of the store commodities, who go every workday to the same factory, so that nothing but a bare existence was who live in the same part of the city, who left to the working people. A Pittsburg discover that they have the same interests, reporter found that the prices in a "truck and are in danger from the same source, store" were 60 per cent. higher than in and yet who never conceive the idea of other stores near by. And the accounts combining for self-protection! Such a that the men received did not specify arti thing would be impossible, except among cles, but merely said: "Sugar, Soc.;" "pork, the lowest savages. $1.25;" "cloth, $3.00;" etc. . The demands made by trade unions have !tis related that "in 1862 a Scranton man invariably been fair and ·moderate. For ufacturer hung outside the door of his fac several generations labor organizations de tory a. flag with these patriotic words upon manded little· else beside the abolition of it, "Your country's call obey." One of his old abuses which had become intolerable. work-girls said to him; "Your inscription is When Wendell Phillips wrote" the plat not complete; it ought to read: form for the Massachusetts Labor Party in 'Your country's call obey; r871, he began it with this sentence, "We Work for us and take store pay.''' affirm that labor, the creator of wealth, is In a number of States the "truck store" entitled to al it creates." No trade union has ever struck fo ras extreme a demand has been abolished by law, but it still is as this. one of the main causes of poverty in the Whatever separate unionists may think mining and cotton districts. Recently at a of the absolute rights of Labor, they do labor meeting in Throop, Pa., a young min not as unionists demand anything more er named Stephen McDonald made the fol than an improvement of present industrial lowing remarkable statement, showing what conditions. In Italy, Germany, France Bel the conditions 'are where no trade unions gium and Austria labor organization~ are exists: revolutionary clubs of Socialists. But that "Men," said McDonald, "you all know is not the case in this country. me around here. You know the truth of 44 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER what I say. I repeat it to you to remind lounge through the day in Southern fash you of the common lot of our misery and ion. In Europe, Asia and Africa the work suffering which has made us combine to cry ers have always been slow, listless and out for a better order of things. plodding. , "When I was six years and four months But the factory workers of New England old I went to work in the breakers of the worked on their nerve. They condensed a Pancoast Coal Company. I have worked' European day's work into a couple of nineteen years, every day that I could get. hours. 'Hurry up, you!" roared the over I have never been on an excursion in my seer if one of them stop,.ped to wipe the life. I have never been to a theatre but sweat from his face. twice in my life. I have not drank a drop The introduction of the piece-work sys of beer or liquor for five years, and for tem made the poor dupes believe that their two years I have not smoked. I have prac hustling was for their own advantage. They ticed the closest economy in food. But I did not know then that "whether you work have never been able to accumulate $100 in by the piece or the day, your standard of my life. living determines the pay." "Men, I have lived in the hamlet of' Few of the inventions of capitalism have Throop all my life. You and I know this done more physical damage to the working has always been a company store town. people than the piece-work system, especial We know in our hearts what that means, ly when the workday lasted from sunrise whatever the operators may say. to sunset. It scourged the vitality out of "Eleven years I worked for the Pencoast tens of thousands. It often tore a man's Coal Company, and during those eleven life out in a few years. There is no exag years I swear here before the Omnipotent geration in saying that what would be a I never handled one cent of earnings in week's work for a German or English fac money." . tory worker was often turned out in a day What' man or woman of unbiased mind by aNew England histuler. will say that such feudalistic institutions as In every American factory city you would ' the 'truck store" should exist in this coun see men and women who were wrecked by try? Yet it would be seen today side by this terrific strain.: White-haired and shat side with almost every factory and mine if tered in health at 40 years of age, they it had not been for the opposition of or drifted from ,job to job for a few months ganized labor. Every worker who finds and then lay down to rest forever. ' Flesh cash and not" a due-bill in his pay-envelope and blood could not endure such a killing 'may, thank .the labor leaders of the last pace. First the stomach gave way, then the ISeneration for it. nerves, and finally the who~ physical sys Another great triumph of trade unions tem collapsed. The poor used-up worker has been th-e reduction of the hours of la was thrown on the street liKe a squeezed bor. Many a dapper young clerk, too feath lemon, and another man, fresh from the er-headed to join a union, and many a farm, took his place in the line. mulish non-unionist, are today .enjoying The trade unions were the first to see twenty-four hours less work every week the eviis of this fierce system of produc because of the ten-hour and eight· hour tion, and began a series of strikes· for a re campaigns carried on by the trade unions., duction of the hours of labor. The first We are apt to forget that 100 years ago strike of which we have any record" which men, women and children toiled from 78 to occurred in Philadelphia in 1791, was that 84 hours a week-13 and 14 hours a day. of the carpenters for a IO-hour day. Their This was the average, but many employers demand at the time was thought to be most ground 16 hours a day out o"f their jaded impudent and unreasonable, and they were wage-slaves. , defeated. In 1800 ever-y laboring man and mechanic Today the average length of the workday was at work at 4 a. m.. At IO they had an in all factories is less than ten hours; and hotfr for lunch, at 3 an hour for dinner, the benefits to employer and employee of and then on till dark. As late as ,1836 the Saturday half-holiday are being recog women and children began work in some nized. A large number of firms have re factories at 4 :30 a. m.; and in New Eng duced the hours to nine per day, and a land it was the custom to light the lamps few have established the eight-hour'day and. and work an hour before dawn, as well as found it the most successful of all. Even art hour after-thus stealing two hours a the sweated garment-makers have obtained day from rest. Even this was not ~nough a 59-hour week,.- wherever they are or for some greedy employers, and It was ganized. proved in a number of cases that the fac The present demand of organized labor tory clock had been tampered with and set is for a universal eight-hour day. Such a back half an hour. , , reform would not be an experiment, as No negro slave of Russian serf or Egyp ·some government employees, not all, as re tian fellah was ever driven to the last quired by law, have had an eight-hour day ounce of his strength as were the first fac since 1869. It is interesting to know that tory workers of New England. By law General Banks, who introduced the eight negro slaves could not be worked longer hour bill into Congress, had a short time than 14 hours a day in winter and IS in before married a beautiful factory girl from summer, and they were always allowed to Lowell, Mass. Mrs. Banks had known "V".:-" "-"-"-- THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 45 what it was like to work 13 hours a day, In the life that God has given, have a better five weary hours too many, and thus ro lot than we. mance succeeded where political economy Oh, hands and hearts are weary, as the failed. long, long, work-days roll, The eight-hour day has been in opera If life's to be filled with drudgery, what tion in Australia for 4S years, and 'has now need of a human soul? '. . been made universal in New Zealand. Let the shout ring down the valleys, and Samuel M. Jones, of Toledo, cut down the echo from every hill, hours of labor in the oil fields from 12 to Eight hours for work, eight hours for rest, 8 in 18g6, and declares that the plan pas eight hours for what we will." cost a little more but gives better results. At present everyone admits what roo The demand of the trade' unions for a years ago was maintained only by trade shorter workday is not a mere petition for unions-a profitableness of rest and recre less work and more play. It is a solution ation;. Unless you get working-power into of the social problem which machinery has people, you can't get it out. This was the created. Machinery has made a reduction great truth which employers and professors of hours necessary in two ways-first, by and political economists rejected, and which throwing thousands out of employment;· is today gradmi11y reconstrucrting our whole and second, by placing a greater strain and system of economics.' responsibility on the worker. Machinery The hours of labor are still far from be has given an intensity and strenuousness to ing Jiniform-the school teacher, for in industry which has never before been stance, works 1,080 hours a year, while the known in the history of the world. Its ten garment-maker works 3,068 hours, or would dency is to become more and more auto if he had steady .employment. And the matic, and to require .fewer, but b€;!tter• conditions under which the teacher works skilled workers to manage it. And it has are quite different from those endured by increased production so marvellously that . our fellow-citizens whQ make our clothes it would today be profitable in many indus for us. tries to inaugurate a four-hoitr day, for the B1.\t the eight-hour day argument is slow benefit of the workers and the product. ly reaching both the capitalist's pocket and . No problem is more pressing that that of the public conscience. The capitalist is the unemployed. A man who is out of realizing that "a shorter day means a better work is deteriorating in ability and dispo product-that jaded men and women cannot sition. He is a social burden and in the do good work. And our recreation-loving long run a social menace. Nothing takes American public is beginning to understand the grit and self-respect out of a. man as what it means to work all through the dust much as an unsuccessful hunt for a job.. ' and heat of summer, in the foul air of a noisy factory, for ten long hours a day. Carrol D. Wright estimates that in pros The employer and his wife can scarcely perous times the usual number of unem endure even grand opera if it lasts for ployed is 1,000,000, without counting more than an hour without intermission; tramps, criminals, habitual paupers' or a ban or a concert becomes wearisome even wealthy parasites. That is, there are ev with all manner of pleasurable surprises ery day in the United States 1,000,000 more and novelties ; yet the wage-worker is sup or less' skilled workers, men and women, posed to be as energetic as a locomotive who want to work, but who cannot find an anI as tireless as Niagara from 8 a. m. un- opportunity of doing' so. This involves a til 6 at night. . national loss of millions a day in money, In 1886 the unions made a vigorous de and an incalculable loss of human happi ness and contentment and achievement. mand for an eight-hour day, and. over 200,- 000, chiefly in the building trades, were suc The remedies proposed by most social re cessful. A poem which was very popular formers for this gigantic waste are petty at that time, written by ]. G. Blanchard, and ludicrous. Charity-mongers suggest gave the best expression to the desires. of soup-kitchens, which is as sensible as to the unionists. It is given here as a fair propose giving a pill to an earthquake. Doc sample of trade union poetry: trinares 'suggest State factories, not. seeing that this would create a still worse indus "We mean to make thins over; we're tired trial tangle. Some demand a prevention of of toil for naught immigration, not recognizing that ,the But bare enollgh to live on, never an hour causes of unemployment are domestic; not for thought. foreign. Others propose Labor Colonies, vVe want to feel the sunshine, we want to as in Germany and New Zealand, which smell the flowers; would practically become mismanaged We're sure that God has willed it, and ",e farms for paupers. mean to have eight hours. The only adequate and statesmanlike We're summoning our forces from the ship- remedy is that advocated by organized la yard, shop and mill, , bor-the shortening of the working day. Eight hours for work, eight hours for :est, This acts both directly and indirectly. It . eight hours for what we will. makes a larger labor force necessary, and also gives more rest and leisure to those The beasts that graze the hillsides, the birds who had been at work. Rest and leisure that wander free, at once operate to raise the standard of THE ELECTRICAL WORKER living-new wants are created, and to sup Fifth avenue libraries are, but for the s·lke ply these wants more workers are em of the contents. They have been read and ployed. Thus a reduction of the hours of re-read, and, best of all, verified or cor labor sends a wave of beneficence and pros rected by hard experience. When the perity all over the country, touching es Great Crisis of the near future comes, the pecially at· every wage-earner's door, but Abe Lincoln who shall guide the nation stimulating the business of all legitimate safely through will be a trade union grad capitalists as well. uate, at present as inconspicuous as Lincoln The eight-hour day is a fair sample of was when he split rails, or Grant when he all trade union demands. It is, as we have sol~ potatoes. seen, an improvement which will benefit the Several years ago, when attending a entire nation, with the sole exception of hearing of a committee of the Massachu those leeches and parasites, who live upon setts Legislature, I had the pleasure of see the toil and miseries of others. Nothing is ing a trade union secretary explain to five more untrue than to say that unionism is a stupid Senators the mysteries of the initia selfish class movement, indifferent to those tive and the rderendum.· Both political larger national aims which statesmen are parties had placed the referendum in their ·supposed to consider. platforms for the previous election, yet Janes Adams, the founder 'Of Hull House, here was a young Haverhill shoemaker ex Chicago, recently said: "For many years plaining it to a party of politicians who I have been impressed with the noble pur had been, elected to put it in operation. poses of trade unions and the desirability It must be remembered that unions 'have of the ends which they seek." Not long had to develop in spite of a continuous on since a well-known New York manufac slaught of misrepresentation and abuse. No turer, made a study of unionism, and the institution ever had more, powerful ene result is that he is today advertising the mies. The might of kings, creeds, armies union label on bill-boards and in street cars and aristocracies withers away before the and newspapers; and has even written a might of this latest world-conqueror-Or- book on the subject, enthusiastically com ganized Capital. .' . mending the philosophy of organized labor. Every fact that could be combed up out In it he makes the following acknowledg- of the hurly-burly of industrial strife, and ment: , ' every accusation that a host 0"£ hirelingedi "Prior to the entrance of our firm into tors' could invent, has been hurled against the field of unionism, there existed among Organized Labor by Organized Capital. its respective members the same aversion Labor legislation has beeri bought off by a and antipathy for tinions as at present exist swarm of lobbyists, side-tracked in com': with other merchants and manufacturers. mittees by bribed politicians, and nullified "We were firmly impressed with the by corrupt or prejudiced judges and in- theory that unions should not exist, that spectors. " ,. they destroyed the inalienable rights of cit Yet the fact still remains, which every izens, and arrayed the laborer against the lover of fair' play must sooner or later ac manufacturer and capitalist. knowledge, that the welfare and perpetua "Why, then, this change of heart? you tion of this Republic depend not upon the may rightly ask. And we answer, not victories of Organized Capital, but upon the through any mercenary motive, but because growth and .ultimate success of the great . the veil of darkness has been lifted from Trade Union Movement, which embodies our eyes and we see and understand the the most robust, skilful and indispensable principles of unionism and the justice. of element in the nation. ' its policy." • , The value of a trade union, not only to Happiness. its own members, but to the nation,. has not If thou .workest at that whtch is before yet been recognized. It is difficult to per thee, following right reason seriously, vig suade a corrupt man that any institution orously, calmly, without allowing anything has an honest purpose; but those who else to distract thee, but keeping thy divine have studied trade unionism, not ,in a col part pure, if thou shouldst be bound to give lege library or a bank parlor, but in the it back immediately; if thou holdest to this, meeting-hall and the workshop, have been expecting nothing, fearing nothing, but sat impressed by the wide scope of its pro isfied with thy present activity according gram and the wisdom of its demands A to nature, and with heroic truth in every German writer, Dr. Jacobi, says:' "The word and sound which thou utterest, thou records of one trade union, however small, wilt live happy., And there is no man who will yet become a matter of more import is able to prevent this.-Marcus Aurelius. ance to the historian than all the battle charges of history." The unionist of today will be the states Join our army of volunteer organizers. man of tomorrow. A large proportion of We need organizers in all sections of the trade union secretaries, and thousands of country. the rank and file, have libraries containitlg the most thoughtful and profound books on We are going to reduce strikes and lock social questions. Their books have not been outs to the minimum, by organizing volun bought 'for the sake of the binding, as most teer and help us. THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 47 Trade Unionism the Only Hope. By LIZZIE M. HOLMES, In American F ederationist. It should be self-evident that in trade more complex arrangements, laborers be unionism the toiler finds his only hope and came diversified and classes sprung up. security while we live under the commer Combination for mutual security and de cial system which reigns today. Sugar coat fense became a necessity. . The trade union· it as we may, labor is today a commodity, or guild is a very ancient affair, and even and the capitalist goes into the market and . yet the lesson is not universally learned. buys it as cheaply as it can be purchased. The combination of man trade unions . So there seems to be no limit to the lower into one organization for the good of all is ing of wages were there no· preventing a more modern movement, and one that has forces. Men's very necessities compel them made progress with some difficulty. Many to compete with one another until the very obstacles have been in a manner overcome lowest possible living price is reached. The by the. American Federation of Labor in fact that a man has a wife and several chil .this country, and the task has been a dren does not always. urge· him on to de- most gigantic one. In the last twenty-five . mand higher wages in order to support years .the change has been marvelous. We them. He is, indeed, more helpless than the have had to deal with laborers from every single man. He dare not be idle; his family country on the globe, speaking all lan will starve, and so he is compelled to. beg guages, possessing thousands of varying for a chance to ·work at any price; conse prejudices, customs, tastes, and supersti quently the single man is often discharged tions; they have been stupidly selfish, stub to make room for the married man whose bornly selfish, piggishly selfish, blindly ramily's needs drive him to work for less. selfish, and through that very selfishness The one man who refuses to work unless have stood in their own way; and they have he is better paid can accomplish but little been more or less steeped in ignorance and but a hundred meir doing the same thing at servility. But such have been caught, the same time can bring about wonderful taught, trained, pulled, and pushed into results. The force they weild is something something like order, and the first prin that must be reckoned with. Combination ciples of mutual combination for the inter is the workingman's only weapon against est of all has seeped into their understand the encroachments of well-entrenched cap- ings. Toelay the workingmen of America ~d ... are generally intelligent and well informed. The struggles between the two forces They are far from being perfect and from have been many and bitter. Great suffer really comprehending their ·own rights; ing, deep enmities, hunger, despair have they have not thoroughly imbibed the resulted from these combats, and because of principle of loyalty to one another, and this it is said trade unions are wrong and they are not cool and calm and suave and should be destroyed. But struggles are polite at all times, as are some employers never pleasant things. Must we· then even while deceiving and wronging them. supinely submit to any wrong that is offered Every workingman knows something us? It is often a choice between "peace at about the "union," and he knows that he any price" and "the hell of war." Who must hold some relation to it, either that of would purchase quiet at the price of liberty? mutual support or of direct antagonism; Not the modern, civilized, aspiring work and every worker, from the humblest to ingman who is America's best citizen. the highest in position, is better off for the Combination for self-def€nse and security existence of the "union." The poorest . is the first lesson of the freed wage-earner. toiler receives more .for his labor than he It has not been an easy lesson. The primi would have done but for the "union." He tive type of man could hunt and fish as an may have denounced the trade organiza individual; could even build a shelter tions with scorn; he may have called them alone and prepare the skins of animals "tyrannical" and declared his independ for clothing. Association was not then so ence of them by "working where and when much a necessity in times of peace as a and how he pleased;" but, nevertheless, he pleasure. Danger from wild animals, hu has profited by them, and but for their man enemies, the rage of the elements hardly-earned victories he would be no bet urged them to combine ror self-defense, but ter situated than the Chinese coolie, work in peaceful, productive labot: each man ing IO hours a day for two cents. could work and protect himself alone. But The most noticeable strides have been then, lio one disputed his right to all he made in the ranks of women workers. produced; if any one did, it was equivalent Twenty-five years ago women had just to a declaration of war. As labor. became emerged from the seclusion and work of more complicated, requiring more tools and home. Following the trend of production THE ELECTRICAL WORKER from the spinning wheel and hand 100m, what that means, because of the methods the kitchen bake oven and the homely employed hy the agent who persuaded you needle, to the great, fast-speeding wheels of to take out a policy in his company. factories and mills, woman developed from Labor union success does not come unso the home maker and worker to the wage licited. It comes because somebody hustles earner_ She became part of an army, and for it. And this hustling should not be lim her work was but bits of a great whole; ited to the business agent. If he is doing and yet she seemed for a long time ignorant one-half the things that his office demands, of the great outward movement and of its he is doing twice as much as you think importance. , he is. Today the wage-working women of all The advertising agent of the successful the large cities are well organized. They business enterprise tries, first 0 fall, to are .better paid and health conditions are "create an atmosphere," in which he can . better looked after than of yore, and in work. This is done in several ways, and case of personal wrong the woman has not with several purposes in view. He seeks a losing battle to fight alone-a great and to associate his business with certain famil powerful body stands behind her to protect. iar objects, so that when one thinks of Children, too, are looked after ahd, in a these objects, one immediately thinks of the measure, kept out of the mills and shops goods that he. wants to sell. The "Rock of until they are somewhat matured. Of Gibraltar," "37 Varieties," and "See that . course there are many wrongs and dire Hump?" each suggests only one thing to evils yet, but the good work is going on. the mind of the reader. But if the results The principles of co-operation are generally of this advertising are to be permanent, the recognized as beneficial, and a wider spirit reputation of the business must be good. of unselfishness is permeating the ranks of Trades ltnionisrri needs no particular ad working people. While realizing the neces vertisingas a fact or as a factor in our so-' sity of energetic work in the future, we cial life. [t is already quite in evidence. have great reason to congratulate our But what is the first impression of the men selves on what has already been accom who have occasion to think of trades union plished. . _ ism? Is it that the trades unionism which he knows. about is conspicuous because of lawlessness, of grafting, of unreasonable Advertising the Trades Union. demands? Or is it because of its influ By the REV. CHARLES STELZLE. ence as a ch:ld saver, as a benevolent organ~ ization, as .:1. factor for the Americanization Mike Dolan once said: "It is not what of the immigrant, as a force for the better you say, so long as you keep saying it." ings of the social, the intellectual and the That may ISo with some people, but a great moral conditions of working people? er man than Mike once remarked: "You All this will count on an occasion when can fool some of the people some of the the trades union needs the sympathy of the time, but you can't fool all of the people, public. It is the atmosphere which it has all of the time." I'd rather take Abraham been creating. And the character of the Lincoln's maxim as a guide-post. sentiment o'lf the public towards the union In advertising the trades union, your ar at such a time will depend largely upon the gument must be based upon indisputable reputation or the atmosphere which it has facts. 'Th~se facts are readily obtainable. developed. Sound talking points for organized labor Adyertising is largely an investment from should be furnished every trades unionist which the advertiser may secure no immed by his Local or his International, for use iate' benefit. The labor union must be con among non-unionists; Some "Facts in a tent to work for the good will of the peo~ nutshell," presenting a few clear, telling pleL even though there is nothing to be truths as :0 why a man should belong to immediately gained through the propaganda the labor union, printed in attractive form, method which may be adopted. In other would be a. good investment for most labor words, 'an educational campaign should be. unions. You cannot successfully "bluff" entered upon· before the necessity arises for many men into seeing thiDgs as you see the requesting of public support in a par them, or as you think you see them. Did ticular controversy. Unreasonable preju you ever stop to think out the advantages dices must be overcome. Common mis of the trades union, and have you ever at understandings should be eliminated. Bit tempted to present them in logical' form? ter antago:1ism must be shown to be un Try it. If it does nothing else, it will prove fair. to you how much you have been missing It is not the purpose of this article to by failing to read youh trade journal or present an advertising scheme. That must your labor paper. be worked out, each union, or each city, "But," somebody may ask, "why adver for itself. I desire simply to point out the tise the trades union ? For this reason: necessity of giving trades unionism the Whatever else the trades union may be, it widest publicity, and the importance of is largely a business proposition. The having that publicity of such a character same business sense must be applied to the as to invite the non-unionist to become management of a labor union that is ap identified with organized labor, and to se plied to the selling of legitimate life in cure intdligent, sympathetic interest of the surance, for instance. Some of you know public at large. ·."TI'-- THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 49 Trade Unions and Finance . . From the Iron Molders' Journal. The welfare and permanent success of a support fail, the strikers would be forced trade union depends largely upon its finan · by stern llecessity to leave their families cial basis and the methods which prevail and seek work in other parts, or return to in the management of its affairs, This work for rhe employer who had inflicted truism, simple in itself and easy of compre an injury upon them, or refused to grant hension, is not always recognized by mem conditions which they were entitled to. bers of labor organizations as it should be, If a stea~-nship left New York City bound and because of this, mistakes are made for Liverpool with only coal enough in its which could have been easily avoided by buo.kers to carry it half way across the the application of a moderate degree of Atlantic, but with the expectation that it common sense to the' problems of adminis would meet friendly vessels on the way, tration and finance, 'Many of the reverses which would lend it enough fuel to carry which are er.countered in the labor move it to the journey's end, or tow it into port, ment could have been avoided if every-day the action would be not one whit more . business methods had been adopted by the reckless , impracticable or unbusiness-like organization. . than the policy adopted by 'some trade un Organization that is such in name only ions who make no adequate provision for cannot accomplish permanent results; dis the future, and rely upon the generosity of cipline, wise administration, and sound fi other organizations for financial aid, when nancial methods must be included before their members are. involved in serious any trade union can forge ahead and ac strikes. complish the objects for which it was or · It is safe to say that 90 per cent of the ganized. The large maj ority of set-backs strikes engaged in by trade unions which and reverses which trade unions encounter, result in failure, were lost because the or are to be attributed to the careless-ness and ganization was unable to support finan indifference manifested by the members, cially the members involved. The volume and the business-like methods by which the of business which an individual or firm can administration- of the organization was car- handle is generally regulated by the amount ried on. . of capital they can control, and the welfare Practical experience and bitter reality has · and success of a trade union is regulated taught, that this world of ours does not largely by its financial resources. give something for nothing; something The lab0r union whose income is in more than a desire for reform is required to sufficient to maintain a necessary staff of bring about better conditions. The trade officers, and provide for strike funds which union movement is not exempt from the will carry it through the conflicts it may natural laws which affect all human activi encounter, cannot avoid defeat. The mem ties, and it will fail or succeed, in propor bers of a trade union can enjoy as many tion to the recognition which is given to benefits as they desire, they may accumu the necessity of administering its interest late a defense. fund that will carry them on a practical business-like basis. Changes safely through the most severe depressions, are not brought around by chance or good and protect their interest in the face of luck; there is cause for every effect. The hostile action of employers' associations, trade unions, which are powerful and which but they cannot enjoy these protective fea protect and advance the interests of their tures unless they are willing to pay for craft, must have practical methods, and can · them, for no trade union can payout to its not conduct their organization along slip membership _more than it receives. It is shod or hap-hazard lines. They must make self-evident that an organization can only preparatiolis for future everitualities, as pay financial benefits in proportion to its well as for the present-day requirements. income. With the growth of large and Unfortunately for the reputation of our wealthy corporations and national associa present civilization the sense of justice and tions of employers there has been created fair dealing manifested by many employ new problems in the financiering of a trade ers-from those who employ a handful of union, for while strikes will not be as fre men to those huge corporations employing quent as in the past, the number of work thousands-the strike is often the only men involv~d will be larger, and the dura weapon which labor can use in defense of tion of the strike protracted. In many in its rights, ..t.nd as a result of this trade un stances a union must be prepared to support ions assist their members financially when a number of its members financially for on strike, that they may not be forced by months, and unless it has accumulated a starvation to accept conditions which would sufficient fund for this purpose, or the result in their injury. The fund from members working should be willing to pay which these strike benefits are paid is of heavy assessments, the strikers will have the utmost importance, for should financial to depend upon the donations received from ,;:J :! ' :;0 THE' ELECTRICAL WORKER other organizatio?s. The question of fi because of two conditions which prevailed; nance must receive the attention of any first, the: molders paid dues regularly, and trade union that aims' to be of permanent '-secondly,- the administration never allowed benefit to its' members; it is as important disburseq1ents to exceed the receipts, unless as coal to the steamship and electricity to the funds .:>n hand were amply sufficient to the motor, the organization cannot forge see their '~nterprise carried to a finish. It ahead without it. was necessary at all times for those placed' The Iron Molders' Union has for many in high offi-:e to keep in mind the fact that years recognized the necessity for a sound the amount of dues paid yielded a definite' financial basis and as a result its adminis sum, and to so administer our affairs that tration has been based on sound business our expenditures should not exceed the in principles. The molders of the country were come; had they done otherwise we should willing to pay for what they desired, and long ago have been the possessors of an as a result have not been disappointed. Not empty treasury. When the dues were 40' only have strikes involving hundreds of cents per month the organization was ad members been supported for periods cover ministered on a 40-cent basis, when they ing a year at times, but the benefits have were increased to $1 then the basis was been paid promptly and during the present raised in proportion, and should the generation no strike has ever been declared molders at any time desire to enjoy in off because the treasury was empty. This creased financial benefits, they can only do< most gratifying record was made possible so by paying for them. List of Unions that Have Not Sent in Annual Reports. The following Local Unions have not as yet sent in their annual reports to the General Office, forms for which were mailed to each and every' Local Union. . Financial ,Secretaries will kindly give this their immediate attention. Duplicate forms can be had on application. 33 95 1'30 158 192 23 1 268 304 344 376, 4H 441' 3 38 64 99 131 159 196 233 269 308 345 377 ·4-14 442 4 39 65 100 132 160 197 234 270 309 346 379 415 443- 5 40 70 103 133 162 ' 198 235 272 310 382 419 444- 41 72 104 134 163 199 23 6 27~ 3 Il 349 ' 384 420 445, 7 46 73 107 135 165 200 23 8 276 314 350 387 421 446' II 47 74 108 136 204 241 277 316 352 38-8- ' 422 447 13 48 76 110 137 168 206 242 280 318 356 391 423 449' 14 49 77 113 13S 170 207 282 319 358 392 426 450' 15 51 78 114 141 172 208 245 283 322 360 399 429 453· 52 80 II6 142 173 210 247 284 ' 326 363 400 430, 4-57- '20 53 81 II7 143 175 212 285 328 364 401 431 4-59· 21 54 82 II9 145 176 214 252 33 1 366 402 432 22 56 83 122 146 177 216 253 292 367 403 436 465 24- 57 S4 123 17S 21T 258 295 334 368 404 437 466 26 58 86 124 183 222 259 296 335 369 406 438 470 27 60 88 125 152 187 223 263 299 370 408- 439 30 61 89 128 153 189 224 264 300 339 372 410' 440 473 32 62 93 129 155 190 230 266 302 342 375 We Don't Patronize. When application is made by an international union lished the names of more than tnree firms at anyone; to the American Federation of Labor to place any busi- time. ness firm upon the "We Don't Patronize" list the inter- Similar course is followed when application is made. national is required to make a full statement of its griev- by a local union directly affiliated with the American:. ance against such company, and also what efforts have Federation of Labor. Directly affiliated local unions are been: made to adjust the same. The American Federa- allowed the publication of but one firm at anyone time_ tion of Labor then -uses every endeavor to secure an , When application is made by a central labor union on amicable adjustment of the matters in controversy, behalf of anyone of its affiliated local unions, the appli- either through correspondence or by having a duly.-au- cation is taken up with the international union of such locar. thorized representative of the American Federation of for its approval, or otherwise, before any action is taken Labor interview such firm for that purpose. by the 'American Federation of Labor., If the applica-' After having exhausted in this way every effort to tion be approved by the international union similar' amicably adjust the matter, and without success, the course is followed as above. Central bodies are allowed application, together with a full history of the entire to 'have published the name of but one concern at any matter, is submitted to the Executive Council of the one time. American Federation of Labor for such action as it may Union workingmen and workingwomeri and sympa- deem advisable. lf approved, the firm's name appears thizers with labor have refused to purchase articles pro-' on the "We Don't Patronize" list in the next issue of duced by the following firms-Labor papers please note. the AMERICAN FEDERATION 1ST. ' changes from month to montla and copy: An international union is not allowed to have pub- THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 51 FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS. Hedges, Chattanooga, Tenn.; Gurney Foundry Company, Toronto, Ont.; Sattley Manufactur BREAD.-'-McKinne)" Bread Company, St. Louis, ing Company, Springfield, Ohio; Page Needle . Mo.; National Biscuit Company, Chicago, Ill. Company, Franklin, N. H.; American Circular Loom Co., Kew Orang", N. J.: Payne Engine CIGARS.-Carl Upman, of New York City; Kerbs, Company, Elmira, N. Y.; l,incoln Iron \Vorks Wertheim & Schiffer, of New York City; The (F. R. Patch Manufacturing Company), Rut Henry George and Tom Moore. land, Vt.; Art Metal Construction' Compa'ny, FLOUR.-Washburn·Crosby Milling Co., Minne· Jamestown,. N. Y.; Erie City Iron Works, . apolis, Minn.-; Kelley Milling Co.; Kansas City, Erie, Pa.; David Maydole Hammer Co., NQr Mo. wich, N. Y.; Singer Sewing Machine Co., GROCERIES.-James Butler, New York City. Elizabeth, N. J.; National Elevator and Ma chine Company, Honesdale, Pa.; Pittsburg Ex MEATS.-Kingan Packing Company, of Indian panded Metal Co., Pittsburg, Pa.; Peckham apolis, Ind. Manufacturing Company, Kingston, N. Y. PIPES.-Wm. Demuth & Co., New York. IRON, ARCHITECTURAL.-Geo. L. 'Meskir, TOBACCO.-American and Continental Tobacco' Evansville, Ind. 'e Companies. STOVES.-Germer Stove Company, Erie, Pa.; "Radiant Home" Stoves, Ranges, and Hot Air CLOTHING.. Blast, Erie, Pa.; Wrought Iron Range Co., St. Louis, Mo. " BUTTONS.-Davenport Pearl Button Company; . Davenport, Iowa; Krementz & Co., Newark, WOOD 'AND FURNITURE. N. J. . CLOTHING.-':N. Snellenberg & Co., Philadelphia, ,BAGS.-Gulf Bag Company, New Orleans, Pa.;" Clothiers' Exchange, Rochester, N. Y.; La., branch Belnis Bros., St.' Louis, Mo. Strawbridge & Clothier, Philadelphia, Pa.; BASKETS.~Williams Manufacturing C;)mpany, Blauner Bros., New. York. , . Northampton, Mass. ' , BROOMS AND DUSTERS.-The Lee Broom CORSETS.-Chicago Co'rset Company, manufac and Duster Company, of Davenport, Iowa; . furers Kabo and La Marguerite Corsets. , M. Goeller's' Sons, Circleville, Ohio; Mer GLOVES,-J. H. Cownie Glove Co., Des Moines, kle-Wiley Broom Co., Paris, Ill. Iowa; California Glove Co., Napa, Cal. CARRIAGES.-Crane, Breed & Co.,' Cincinnati, HATS.-J. B .. 'Stetfon Company, Philadelphia, Pa.; Ohio. . . E. M. Knox Company, Brooklyn, N. Y. COOPE1{AGE.-Northwestern Cooperage and Lumber Company;; (otherwise known as the SHIRTS AND COLLARS.-United Shirt and Buckeye Stave Company), of, Ohio, Michi Collar Company, Troy, N. Y.; Van Zandt, .gan, and Wisconsin; Elgin Butter Tub Com Jacobs & Co., Troy, N. Y.; Cluett, Peabody pany, Elgin, Ill.; Williams Cooperage Company .& Co., Troy" N. Y.; James R. Kaiser,' New and Palmer Manufacturing Comp'any, of Pop- York City., . lar Bluff, Mo. ' , TEXTILE.-Merrimac Manufacturing Company CHINA.-Wick China Compan?" Kittanning, Pa_ ,(priI1ted goods), Lowell, Mass .. FURNITURE.-American Bilha'rd Table Com UNDERWEAR.~bneita Knitting Mills, Utica, pany, Cincinnati, 'Ohio; Bruinby Chair Com- N. y_. ' , ' pany, Marietta, Ga.; O. Wisner Piano Com pany, Brooklvn, N. Y.; Krell Piano Company; WOOLENS,-Hartford Carpet Co., Thompson 'Cincinnati~ dhio; N. Drucker & Co., Cincin ville, Conn.;, J; Capps & Son, Jacksonville, Ill. nati. Ohio; St. Johns Table Company, St. SHOES.-Harney Bros., Lynn, Mass.; J. E.' Tilt Johns, Mich.; Grand Rapids Furniture ManJl· Shoe Co., Chicago, Ill. facturing Association, Grand Rapids, Mich.; SUSPENDERS.-"-Russell, Mfg. Co., Middletown, Derby Desk Co., Boston, Mass. ' Conn. GOLD LEAF.-W. H. Kemp Company, New York, N. Y.; Andrew' Reeves. Chicago, Ill.; George PRINTING AND PUBLICATIONS. .. Reeves, Cape May, N. J.; Hastings Company, Philadelphia, Pa.; ,Henry Ayers, Philadelphia, BOOKBINDERS.-Geo. 'M. Hill C~., Chicago, Pa. . Ill.; Boorum ,& Pease Co., Brooklyn, N. Y. LUMRER.-.,.Trinity County Lumber Company, Groveton, Texas; Reinle Bros. & Solomon, NEWSPAPERS.-Philadelphia Democrat, Phila Baltimore, 1\1" d.; Himmelberger Harrison Lum delphia, Pa.; Hudson, Kimberley & Co.,print ber Company, Morehouse, Mo.;, Union Lum ers, of Kansas City, :Mo.; 'V. B. Conke:o Co., her Company, Fort Bragg, Cal.; St. Paul and publishers, Hammond, Ind.; Times, Los An Tacoma Lumber Co., Tacoma, Wash.; Gray's geles, Cal. ,,' Harbor Commercial Co., Cosmopolis, \Vash. P01"rERY, 'GLASS, STONE, AND CEMENT. LEATHER.-Kullman, Salz & Co:. Benicia. Cal.; POTTERY AND BRICK.-J. B'. Owens Pottery A. B. Patrick & Co., :San Francisco, Cal.; Co., of Zanesyille, Ohio; Northwestern Terra Lerch Bros., Baltimore, l'vT d. . Cotta Co., of' Chicago, Ill.; C. W. Stine Pot PAPBR BOXF.S.-E. N. Rewt'll & Co., Ratavia, tery Co., White Cottage, Ol)io; Harbison· ]\I. Y.; J. N. Roberts & Co., Metropolis. Ill. Walker Refractory Co., Pittsburg, Pa.; Utica PAPER.-Remington-l.... lartin Paper Co., Norfolk, • Hydraulic Cement 'and. Utica Cement Mfg. N. Y. (Raymond Paper Co., Raymondsville, Co., Utica, .Ill. , N. Y.; J. L. Frost Paper Co .. :\'orwood, N. Y.): Potter "Vall Paper Co., Hoboken, N. J. MACHINERY AND BUILDING. TYPE\VRITERS.-Underwood Typewriter· Com pany. Hartford, Conn. CARRIAGE AND WAGON BUILDERS.-S. R. \VATCHF.,S.-Keystont' Watch Case Company. of Baily & Co., Amesbury. Mass.; Hassett & Philadelphia, Pa.; Crescent Courvoiseer ,\Vilcox Hodge, Amesbury, Mass.;' Carr, Prescott' & Company; Jos. Fahy, Drooklyn Watch Case Co., Amesbury, Mass. C?\TIpari5<, Sag Harbor. GENERAL HARDWARE.-Landers, Frary & MISCELLANEOUS. Clark, Aetna Company, New Britain, Conn.; Iver Johnson Arms Company, Fitchburg, BURLAr.-H. n. Wiggins' Son's Company, Mass.; Kelsey Furnace Company, Syracuse, nIoomfield, K J .. N. Y.; Brown & Sharpe Tool Company, Provi RILL PASTERS.-Rryan & Co., Cleveland. Ohio. dence, R. I.; John Russell Cutlery Company, RAIL'NA YS.-Atchison.. Topeka and Santa Fe Turner's Falls, Mass.; Atlas Tack Company, Railroad; Missour:, Kansas and Texas Rail- Fairhaven, Mass.; Henry Disston & Co., Phila way Company. • . delphia, Pa.; American Hardware Co. (Rus TELEGRAPHY.-Western Union Te1"graph Com- sell & Erwin Co .. and P. & F. Corbin Co.), pany, and its Messenger Service. K ew Britain. Conn.; Merritt & Company, Phil· n. M. Parry, Indianapolis, Ind. adelphia,Pa,. ' , Thomas Taylor & Son, Hudson, Mass. . IRON AND STEEL.-Illinois Iron and Holt Com C. W. Post, Manufa,·turer of Grape Nuts and pany. of Carpentersville, Ill.; Carborun<:lum Postum Cereal, DanTe' Crt'ek. Mich. Company, Niagara Falls, N. Y.; Casey & Lebmaier·Swartz & Co., New York City. THE ELECTRICAL WORKER CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY OF LOCAL UNIONS. ALABAUA INDIANA KENTUCKY Kansas City ..• 330 Schenectady •. 267 Anniston ..•• I 19 Anderson •.•. 147 Henderson ..• 82 Kansas City .•• 356 Schenectady .. 442 Birmingham •• 136 Brazil •.•••.. 32~ Lexington ••• 183 St. Joseph ••.• 40 Syracuse •.••. 43 Birmingham •• 227 Elkhart ..••.• 157 Louisville •.•• II 2 St. Louis..... I ~ra.cuse •••• : 79' Mobile ...... 334 Evaml'ville '" 16 Louisville '" .369 St. Louis..... 2 Troy •••.•••• 392 Mobile ••••••• 345 Fort Wayne, .T38 Owensboro ••• 216 St. Louis .•..• 59 Utica ...... 42' Montgomery .363 Fort Wayn~ .• 305 Paducah ••.•• 177 St. Louis .••.• 462 Utica .••. : ••• 181 Sedalia ..•..• 266 New Decatur .. 323 Hammond .•. 280 LoUISIANA Watertown ••• 421 Sheffield ••••• 378 Indi~na[lolis 10 Springfield ..• 335 Schenectady .. 476. Baton Rouge •• 315 ARIZONA Indianapolis .481 MONTANA • NORTH CAROLINA Kokomo' .••.. 322 New Iberia ••• 386 Douglas ••••• 434 Lafayette •••• 222 New Orleans.. 4 Anaconda •.•. 200 Asheville •••• 23S ARKANSAS Lcgansport •.• :':'9 New Orleans •• 130 Anaconda ..•. 373 Charlotte •••• 297' New Orleans •• 281 Bozeman .••.• 416 Greensboro ••• 295· Fort Smith·... 346 Marion .•••.• 153 New Albany .. 286 Shreveport ••• 194 Butte ...... 65 Raleigh ••••• 380' Hot Sl!rings .. 215 Shreveport ••• 397 Great FalIs ..• 122 Salisbury •••• 43S Little Rock ... 126 Peru ...... 347 Wilmington •• 123 Princeton •••• 269 MAINE Helena .••••• 185 Pine Bluff .... 25 1 Missoula •..•• 408 Winston-Salem.424- Texarkana ••• 301 Shelbyville .. 329 Millinocket ••• 471 South Bend ••• 132 NEBRASKA NORTH DAKOTA CAi.IFORNIA Portand ••••. 399 Fargo ••••••• 225" Sullivan ••••• 219 . Waterville ••.• 294 Hastings •••.• 206 Bakersfield •• , 428 Terre Haute •• 25 OHIO MARYLAND Lincoln ..••.•• 265 Eureka •••••• 154 Terre Haute •• 279 Omaha ...... 22 Akron II Fresno ••••••• 169 . Vincennes "••• 243 Annapolis •••• 448 Baltimore •••• 27 . Omaha •••.•• [62 Alliance ••••• 439 Los Angeles •• 61 Washington •• 371 South Omaha.260 Ashtabula •••• 143: Los Angeles .. II6 Baltimore •••• 28 INDIAN TERRITORY Baltimore •••• 46 NEVADA Canton •••••• 17S Los Angeles •• 370 Chillicothe ... 248 Oakland ..... 283 Ardmore ••••• 406 Cumberland •• 307 Goldfield .... 450 Cincinnati •.• 101 Pasadena ..... 418 Chickasha •••• 46.0 Frederick '" .431 Reno ...... 401 Cincinnati ••• 212' Sacramento " 36 ~1uskogee •••• 384 Hagerstown •• 255 Tonopah ••••• 361 Cleveland •••• 3S: Sacramento •• 340 S. McAlester •• 220' MASSACHUSETTS NEW HAMPSHIRE Cleveland •• ~. 39 San Bernadino 477 ILLINOIS Boston •••••• 30 Berlin •••.••• 383 Cleveland •••• 464 San Diego .... 465 . Boston ...... 103 Manchester •• 229 Cleveland •••• 468 San Francisco. 6 Alton •••••••• I28 Boston ...... 104 Portsmouth •• 426 Columbus •••• 54- San Francisco.I5I Aurora •••••• 149 Boston •••••• 396 NEW JERSEY Columbus •• , .446. San Francisco.404 Belleville •••• So Brockton •• , .423 Atlantic City •• 210 Dayton ...... II8 Sail Jose ..... 250 Bloomington .197 Fall River •••• 437 Dayton •••••• 241 Santa Barbara.45 I Belvidere .... 466 Atlantic City •• 2 II Fitchburg .... 410 Camden ..•••.• 299 E. Liverpool.. 93- Santa' Cruz ••• 289 Carlinville ••. 444 Haverhill •• , .470 Findlay • ~ • ; •• 298: Stockton •••• ,207 Champaign ... 203 Hackensack •• 422 Lawrence •••• 385 ersey City... 15 Fremont ••••• 433 Vallejo •••••• 180 Chicago ...... '9 Lowell •••••• 461 Lima •••••••• 32" Richmond •••• 413 Chicago •••••• 49 ereey City ••• 164 Lynn .. ~ ..... 377 ong Branch.331 I..orain •••••• 237 CQ.LORADO Chicago •••••• 134 North Adams.293 t Massillon •••• 35' Chicago ...... 282 Newark •••••• 52 Colo. Springs.233 New Bedford.224 Newark •••••• 87 Mt. Vernon ... 97' Chicago ...... 376 Pittstield ...... 167 Newark ...... 172 Cripple Creek. 70 Chicago •••••• 381 Newark .••••• 190 Denver •••••• 68 Pittsfield ••••• 264 Paterson ••••• 102 Norwalk ••••• 414- Danville ••••• 290 Quincy •••••• 189 Springfield ••• 204- Denver ...... 121 Decatur ••• ; •• 242 Perth AmbOY.358 Salem ..••••• 259 Plainfield •••• 262 Steubenville ... 246 Denver •.•.• 479 E. St. Louis •• 309 foledo • •.••••• It. Pueblo .. ~ .... 12 !5pringfield .,. 7 Trenton •.•.• 29 Elgin ...... II7 Worcester ••• 96 Toledo •••.•••• 245 Silverton ...• 475 Freeport ••••• 387 NEW MEXICO MICHIGAN VVarren •••••• 411 CONNECTICUT Galesburg •• ,.184 Albuquerque .306 Youngstown •• 62' Bridgeport ... 146 Granite City .. 367 Ann Arbor ... 171 Youngstown " 64- Danbury ..... 195 Joliet ...... 176 Battle Creek •• 445 NEW YORK Zanesville •••• 160- Hartford ••••• 37 Kankakee •••• 362 Bay City ••••• ISO Albany •••••• 137 OKLAHOMA Hartford ••••• 186 Kewanne ••.• 94 Cadillac ...... 455 Auburn •••••• 300 Meriden •••••'351 La Salle ••••• 32 I Detroit ..•••• 17 Auburn •••••• 394 Guthrie ..•.•• 364- New Haven ••• 90 Lincoln •.••.. 303 Detroit .••••• I "1 Binghamton •• 235 Oklahoma ..•• 456- Norwich .. , .. 343 Peoria •.••••• 34 Detroit ...... 393 Buffalo •••.•• 41 Oklahoma .. ' •• 155 Norwalk ••••• 472 Peoria •.••.•• 302 Escanaba •••• 374 Buffalo •••.•• 45 Shawnee ....• 48 Stamford •••• 310 Quincy ...... 67 Grand Rapids. 75 Cortland •.••• 459 ·OREGON Rockford · •••• 196 Grand Rapids.23I Elmira ...•••• 139 Portland .•••• US' DELAWARE Rock Island ••• 109 Houghton .•.• 405 Glens FalIs ••• 389 Wilmington .. 313 Rock Island ... 278 Iron Mountain.359 HornelIsvilIe • 92 Portland ..••• 317' DIST. OF COLUU Springfield .•• I 93 Jackson .••••• 205 Ithaca ...... 409 PE~NSYLVANIA BIA Springfield " .427 Lansing .••..• 352 . Jamestown ..•• 106 Allentown ..• 3~6- Washington .. 26 Streator ••••• 233 Marquette ••. 407 Kingston ...•• 277 Atoona •.•..• 457 IOWA ~luskegon •.• 275 New RochelIe.I27 Bloomsburg " lor Washington •• 148 Saginaw •...• 145 New york .... 3 ConnelIsville .326.. FLORIDA Boone .•••••• 372 SIt. Ste. Marie332 New york .••• 20 Easton .••..•• 91 Jacksonville •• 100 Cedar Rapids.226 Traverse City.131 New York .••• 270 E. M. Chunk .• 244 Key West •••• 443 Cedar Rapids.253 MINN'ESOTA New York .... 36S Erie •.••••••• 56- Clinton •••••• 273 New York .•.• 419 Miami ..••••• 349 Duluth ...... 31 Greensburg •. 379 Pensacola •••• 452 Des Moines ••• 55 Niagara FalIs. 58 Harrisburg .•• 53' Dubuque ••••• 198 Mankato .•••. 412 Olean •.•.••• 214 Tampa ••••••• 108 Minneapolis •• 24 Hazelton •••.. 327 Tampa ..••.• 199 Keokuk •••••• 420 Oneonta ••••• 436 Lancaster •••• 71 Mason City ••• 170 Minneapolis •• 292 Osvego ..•••• 328 Meadville •••• 403' GEORGIA Muscatjne .••• 208 St. Cloud ..... 398 Pittsburgh ••• 417 New Brighton.342 Atlanta •••.•• 84 Oskaloosa '" .336 St. Paul. •••.• 23 Portchester .. 402 New Castle ••• 33; Atlanta •••••• 78 Ottumwa •.•• 173 'Winona ...... 74 Poughkeepsie .296 Oil City .••.•• 228< Atlanta .••••• 441 Sioux City '" 47 MISSISSIPP[ Rochester •••• 44 Philadelphia •• 21 Augusta ••••• 208 Waterloo '" .288 Jackson .•.••• 257 Rochester •... R6 Philadelphia " 98' Columbus •••• 429 KANSAS Meridian ••••• 391 Rochester ...• 284 Philadelphia .. 240" Macon •••.•• 454 Yazoo City .•• 188 Saratoga Spgs.26I Philadelphia .. 287- Rome •.•••••••112 Atchison •.•.• 19 Schenectady •• 85 Pittsburg 5: Savannah •••• 88 Emporia .••.. 333 MISSOURI Schenectady .• I to Pittsburg .••• 14 HAWAII Lawrence •.•• 235 Fulton ' ..••.•• 365 Schenectady .• 140 Pittsburg .... 319' Parsons ••.••• 337 Hannibal .• , .350 Schenectady .. .lJ2 Pittsburg •••• 355 Honolulu •••• 111 Topeka •.•••• 225 Jefferson CitY.375 Schenectady .. 234 Pittston •••.•• 357- IDAHO Wichita ••••.• 144 Joplin ...... 95 Schenectady •• 247 Scranton ..••• 81' Boise City •••.• 291 Wichita ...... 482 Kat)sIlS City... 18 Schenectady 252 Shamokin .• , .263' Pocatells .••.• 449 Winfield ... ,.17.5 Klln!ias Citv ... 124 Schenectady .. 254 ~haron .••... 218. THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 53: CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY OF LOCAL UNIONS.-Con't. Uniontown ... 161, TEXAS VERMONT \VEST VIRGINIA CANADA Warren .,.•... 63 ALBERTA Wilkesbarre .. 163 Austin ..•..•. 115 Barre ...... 400 Charleston ... 256 Williamsport .239 Beaumont •..• 221 Burlington ... 390 Charleston •.• 480 Calgary ....•. 348' York ...... 469 Beaumont ...• 308 Rutland ...... 447 Parkersburg •. 168 BRITISH COLUMBIA, PHILLIPPINE ISLS Dallas •.•..•• 69 St. Albans .... 395 Wheeling .... 141 Vancouver ..• 2[3 Manila ...... 413 Denison .•... 338 'Wheeling ...• 142 Victoria ...•. 230 VIRGINIA 'RHODE ISLAND MANITOBA El Paso.,....• 13 WISCONSIN Providence ..• 99 Fort Worth ... 156, Newport News.165 Winnipeg •••. [66· Providence ..• 258 Appleton - •.•. 201 Greenville ..•. 304 ' Norfolk ...... 80 Beloit ..•.... 3IJ Winnipeg •••. 435 Newport ....• 268 Roanoke ..... 425 SOUTH CAROLINA Houston ..... 66 Ean Claire •••• 432 NOVA SCOTIA Richmond .... 271 Green Bay .••• 158 Charleston ... 179 Palestine •.•.. 388 Richmond .•.. 152 Sydney •.•.•• 344, ,Columbia ..•. 382 Grand Rapids. 440 NEW BRUNSWICK Paris ..•..••. 320 La Crosse ..•• 135 Georgetown •• 89 San Antonio .. 60 WASHINGTON St. John ...... [74- Sumter .•...• 453 Madison ••••. 159 , Sberman ..... 272 Aberdeen •..• 458 Marinette ••.. 274 ONTARIO SOUTH DAKOTA Tyler ...... 314 Bellingham ..• 314 Milwaukee ••. 83 Ft. William .•• 339' Sioux Falls ..• 360 Waco •...... 72 Everett •••••• 1111 Oshkosh ..... 187 Hamilton .... 105 TENNESSEE Eagle Pass .... 51 Seattle •.•.••• 7'7 Racine ...••.. 430 London •••..• 120 St. Catherines.249- Chattanooga •. 467 UTAH Seattle .••.... 202 Wausau ••.... 341 Knoxville ...• 318 Seattle •.•..•. 217 West Superior .276 Toronto ...... 114- Memphis ••... I92 Ogden ...... • 316 Spokane .•..• 73 Toronto ...... 353, Nashvilie ..•• 129 Salt Lake City. 57 Tacoma .. ,••.. 76 WYOMING QUEBEC Memphis .... 474 Salt Lake CitY.354 Tacoma ...•.. 483 Cheyenne '..•. 4[5 Montreal ..•.. 463' PRICE LIST OF SUPPLIES. Charter Fee is $r.oo for each member. ELECTRICAL "VORKER subscriptioll~, per, Seal ...... , ...... •..... $3.50 year ...... ; .... 1$ 1.00 Rolled-Gold Charms :...... 1.00 Treasurer'~ Account Book...... , .50> Solid Gold Emblematic Buttons, each 1.00 Treasurer's Receipt Book ...... 2S Heavy Rolled-Gold Emblematic But 'Warrant Book for R. S ...... 25;. tons,' each ....•...... ·50 Financial Secretary's Ledger, 200 Constitutions, per roo ...... 5·00 pages Membership Cards, per 100 ...... 1.00 Financial Secretary's Ledger, 400 Traveling Cards, per dozen ...... ·50 pages ...... 2.50. Withdrawal Cards, per dozen ...... ·50 Minut,e Book for R. S...... 7S Application Blanks, per 100 ...•••••• ·50 Day Book ...... :,...... 50' . Extra Rituals, each ....', ...... 25 Roll Call Book...... 50> Blank Bonds, each ...... '...... 10 \Vorking Cards, per 100 ...•... '..•.. ·50 N OTE-T~e above articles will be supplied< Official Letter Paper, per 100 ...•.• : ·50 only when the requisite amount of cash ac Official Envelopes, per 100: ..•.•.••• ·50 companies the order, otherwise the order Official' Notice of Arrears, per roo .. ·50 will not be recognized. All supplies sent F. S. Report Blanks, per dozen ...... , ·50 by us have postage or express charges pre- Set of Books, including Receipts, paid. ' , I Warrants, etc ...... 5·00 Address, PETER W. COLLINS, G. S. 149 Willis Ave., between The Lighting Fixture Contractors of J • STODOLA 134th 8t 135th Sts., N. Y. New York City are unfair to our Brother hood. ELECTRICIANS' AND LINEMEN'S GLOVES AND GAUNTLETS from They ha~e been fighting Local No. 4IS) 19 cents to $2.00 a pair. (fixture men) for over one year, and em Mail Orders filled. Postage 5c a pair extra ploy members of a dual union on their UNION MADE OVERALLS. work in New York. City. No Local Union should supply the Light ,tbeJ~~e ing Fixture Contractors of New York City with men, when they work within it!> Agent for Hansen's and F. P. Sargent Gloves. jurisdiction. 54 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER THE ,)1,)1 HRY ANT [L[CTRIC CO. Manufacturers of Watch This Electrical Space Supplies BRIDGEPORT, CONN.CmCAGO, ILL. Eastern High-Grade Wet 50c. Saved Daily Gives and Dry Batteries and $6,472 in 20 ·Years Atlantic Dry Batteries First Mortgage 6 per cent. Telephone Bonds ;'"' J '.1 ..... ;.-f.(. Eastern Battery Connectors ~. , 'safest in ve s t~ent in the world. $10 enough to start. S end postal for full information. EASTERN CARBON WORKS G. H. RAYMOND & CO. CARBON PLACE : ..' JERSEY CITY., _.' :' N . j. 33iEllicott Street, Buffalo, N. Y. rhe Philad,e'lphia ElectricCc:;mpany 10th and Sansom StS.,PhiIadelphia, Pa. Supplies Current for Electric Lig-ht Electric Power Electric Signs RO~~E~i;e :;~~: Everything Electrical I Have you ever considered the time your work men waste in the filing and reaming that IS al \ IN -PHILADELPHIA ways necessary with the ordinary cast-iron box? Time means money. Cut out thiS loss by using Bossert Drawn Steel Boxes I Buy the Stand ard Lamp of the World Bossert Boxes are pl~gged witha~ufficient;n~m- ber of hermetically sealed 'outlets that can be re moved with a sharp blow of a hammer, leaving "THE EDISON" a perfectly clean round hole: 'Settling of build ings will not break Bossert Boxes.· Write to-day Sole Agents for Philadelphia District for bulletin. . '1 BOSSERT ELECTRIC The Edison Electric Light CONSTRUCTION CO. \....~' . New YOrk.J Company of Philadelphi~ A7R THE ELECTRICAL WORKER LEADS TO ANO'THER From our paper, THE ARMA TURE WINDER, issued for the purpose of advertising our facilities for repairing electrical machinery, originated our book, PRACTICAL ELECTRICITY, which has proven to be the most popular book devoted to the study of electricity. 15,000 copies have found ·buyers, and : the 4th Edition is now ready. - '. Fro~ 'PRACTICAL ELECTRICITY has sprung the manufacture of Dynamos and Motors. By buying a copy 'of this book and becoming familiar with the art of YOU CAN electricity you don't know what it may lead DO IT. up to. There are XX chap ters or subjects carry While studying elec ing you from the funda tricity from ' our book mental principles of and perfecting your elecricity on through self in electrical engi the various branches to neering-you can be a point where the care engaged in the sale of ful student compre our d y n a mas and hends the complete de motors and earning a signing, care and oper good commission. ation of a dynamo or a Write for our cata motor. Each subject logue and proposition is carefully 'written and in reference to how to to the point. After a sell, and commission student studies a sub ject, he is qUestioned we pay. on that subject in such Our proposition is a manner as to brinll' an ideal one for any clearly to his mind the points he needs to man who is connected know regarding same. with a power plant or A DICTIONARY in central station; the back of book will ena ble' him to learn the people to whom you meaning of any electri furnish power will, in cal word, term or most cases, favor you phrase used in this book as well as hun if you but tell them you dreds of others in com are agent for a good mon use. All required machine. tables necessary in the study are in it. Price $2 Per. Copy. Money returned if not satisfactory upon exam ination. OUR REPAIR DEPARTMENT We operate the largest repair works in the United States, making a specialty of rewinding all types of armatures. new and refilled communi cators and fields. We ) want yo ur patronage. I Cleveland ) Armature Works 15 COE STREET, Cleveland, Ohio. 56 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER ." Y A N K E E " TOO L S Are the newest, cleverest and most satisfactory in use, and the first to be offered at so reasonable a price that every up-to-date mechanic could buy tools of their quality and character. Other tools are very good tools, but .. Yankee" Tools are better. .. Yankee" Tools are sold by all leading dealers in tools and hardware everywhere . . ASK YOUR DEALER TO SEE THEM. Our" Yankee" Tool Book tells all about these and some others, and is m!liled free on application to Lehigh Av~nu~ and Am~rican Str~d North Bros. Manufacturing Co. PHILADELPHIA, PENNA. '/- ,<. THOMPSON-STARRETT COMPANY r Building Construction Engineering in all its branches. Foundations, Structural Steel, Electric Light and Power Plants, Steam Heating Plants. MAIN OFFICES ATLANTIC BUILDING, NEW YORK RAILWAY EXCHANGE CHICAGO. THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 57 Ih a Suit of Fih,k's Detroit O'Veralls'ahd Ja,ket .~Iareh.,-e ".,. arlnifi9tOh. Beuer k ...o~ ... as D ,ot § ·t'lff Clarence Warmington has been dubbed "HOT STUFF" by the railroad boys of the Southern Pacific. He has won that extra appendi'x to his name by his numerous fast runs. He, was recently transferred from a Yuma freight run to the 'regular passenger trip to Santa Ann. On last Saturday he pulled out of the Arcade' depot fourt een minutes late and made the run to Santa Ann. a distance ,of thirty-four miles. in forty-nine minutes. making several slowdowns and eleven stops. He ran in on time. Several Sundays ago he touched the high-water mark on the run to Santa Monica. making the run in twenty-one minutes. Again on this ,last Sunday. ac cording to a railroader who kept "tab" on the .telegraph poles. Warmington was spurting along for a short time at the rate of 78 miles per hour. He is as full of fast ;uns as a boy is of candy on Christmas morning. " ' • wea.. Fih,k's Del.. oil ~pe'ial - Ove ..alls he,a'lse . ~uY»~es~~~ ~ . . ~J.;f . Engineers and Firemen are buying Fin~k's "Detroit Special" Overalls and Jacket because they are the best. Ask for them or write for booklet. -,"\,+'. ,l'I. Fin,k & ; ~OlnpahY_, Detroit THE ELECTRICAL WORKER We~tllerproof " , , Re¢~ptacle ..-: • • • .#t .~ This is the most sati~factory ~eceptacle to use in , conduit boxes, as there are no binding screws to'cotrode, short circuit or work loose. ,',~ '_ '..., The receptacles are ~onnected to the mains 'by two stranded wires soldered ~o tlie lamp contacts inside the receptacle, similar to our stand~rd weatherproof sockets. I , ' The' screws are supplied 'with ea~h receptacle. , Bossert Boxes No. 8-N , are ' provided with two, ,threade,d holes to which the . recept~cles are"secured by milchine ~crews after the w~es have 'been pull~~ into the ' ' con,dUlts. ' ~ I , On sign and 'other out:door work this receptacle will outlasf ' any other, as all'. open.ings " in ' t~e l?orcelain are sealed, ~which prevents moisture from entering. , "' '" ~~ND FOR SAMPLE 608 Woodford Avenue .. ".. tiE VARIED and exacting requirements of satisfactory gloves for your calling have been so carefully studied by us that HAN5£N'5 GLOVES ·' For E.LECTRICAL WORKERS have nothing to approach them in adaptability to your trade. Jhey come in special designs to suit the needs of , every branch of the service; with or without rive'ls and in glove and gclUntIet style; varying from lightest weights for mere hand protection up to' heaviest leathers for roughest outdoor work. The perfect fit permits most delicate adjustments. ,Leather alweys- remains soft and pliable no matter how often ex' posed to wet and weather .. ,A PAIR FREE-' lf your dealer cannot giVe you Hansen's, bJrite usfor our catalog handsomely illus. O.C. HANSEN trated in colors and information hObJ to gl!t a pai'r MFG. CO. free, THE ' ELECTRICAL WORKER 59 ALPHADUCT, . Is recognized all along the line as the We announce for the protection of our most perfect 'customers that all small tools, climbers, etc., OFFICIALLY of our manufacture are stamped with our APPROVED firm name thus: Order by M. KLEIN & SONS name and Give It a Trial. There are tools on the market stamped "Klein's Pattern," and a number of climbers ALPHADUCT COMPANY have been sent to us in a defective condition 13+-136-138 Cator Ave. JERSEY CITY, N. J. which we have been asked to replace. : Evidently the owners were under the im .. Telephone Specialties .. , pression that they were made by us. If yo.u want a really . go.o.d gro.und clllmp , Purchasers wanting genuine Klein goods . . o.ne that lasts and . makes a go.o.d co.n are cautioned to se~ that the full name nectio.n-always try this,: Ado.pted by nearly every Bell M. KLEIN & SONS is stamped on them. Co.mpany in the None others are genuine. United States. '. ~ Write fo.r list o.f o.ther specialties. (Pat'd) r.NEW YORK GROUND CLAMP. fo.r co.nnecting tei Mathias .Klein Sons ii epho.ne gro.und wires to. pipes and cables. & 'Yonkers Specialty 'Co., Yonkers, N. Y. I Western' Electric Co. Agents ! I · ... The .. .A New' D"eparture! Michigan State Telephone' . , Company Has over 20,000 Subscribers in Detroit connected by means of Good CommerQial Toll Lines, with a large and grow- ._, . ing telephone exchange system WEAR THE I. B. E. W. in every City . an~ Village in the" . . Upper, a.nd ~~wer ,Peninsulas Cuff .Buttons Embracing in all about 92,000 Stations ~OLlD (iOLD, (PfR .,AIR), $2.00 , .. ROLUD (iOLD, (PfR PAIR) , $1.50 We are growing constantly at the .rate of 1,000 Stations per Month Send in ypur order now, whil e the supply lasts. All orders must be accompanied by And every day extending our toll . the necessary amount of cash. service facilifie<; ADDRESS ' So bear in mind that through our System you can reach Everyone, Any . PETER W. COLLINS Place, Any Time GRAND SECRETARY 509.10-11 Corcoran Bldg. Wash., D. C. Michigan State Telephone Company ·60 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER MADE FROM!,CHROME TAN NED WATERPROOF HORSE HIDE LEATHER. Your patronage is solicited at anyone of our 2,500 agencies. Satisfaction guaranteed. If there is not a Sargent agency in your town we will sell you direct upon receipt of your size, $1.00, and your dealer's name. Write for Sargent Leather Matchsafe, free Detroit Leather Specialty Company WRIST OR GAUNTLET . . Makers IN~ -Gloves. No Rivets. Out Seams. They Fit. DETROIT, MICHIGAN CONTROLLERS TYPE U SMALL con PACT DURABLE May be MOUNTED OVERHEAD UPRIGHT or on P&DESTAL Bulletm on AppiJcation Electric Controller & Supply Co. Main Office and Works, Cltveland, O. 136.LibertySt., New York; 515 Frick Build ing, Pittsburg, Pa.; 162 I -29 17th St., Denver, Col.; 509-10 Woodward Building, Birmingham, Ala.; 209 Fremont St., San Francisco, Cal. ; 47 Victoria St., London, Eng. THE ELECfRICAL WORKER 61 Electric Lamp Company Manufacturers °tR!~EH IncandescenL Lamps General Offices: 26 Cortlandt St., N. Y. Factory: York, Pa. Suttle Office: 813 Second Ave. Write ror prices. Philadelphia Orrice: 809 Girard Trust Bldg. Seat in the ~ 0 LINEMEN'S CLIMBERS World Ii U ~ .d 0 l-4 0 ..0 f-o ~ ... ~ ~ Ol :: ' W STE.PHE.NS - =s I» Z ·· ott ~ r;tl (fJ .2 ~ :; 0 CJ E-t Mamiractured by WILMOT STEPHENS .d ~ ~'" z . OFFICE AND FACTORY, . 16 .MITCHELL AVENUE 0 Z r;tl ::r: ;a ~ BINGHAMPTON, N. Y. ~ ~ ::J 0 f-4 l-4 .s ~ :l 0 > Z ::.. 0 0 ;a ~ WHEN WRITING ADVERTISERS PLEASE . f-o ~ 0.- ~ MENTION THE ELECTRICAL WORKE,B. \0 ~ ~------~------~~------. Blake u ) 4 1(" BLAKE Insulated SIGNAL & MFG. CO. Staples. 240 SUMMER ST., ~ BOSTON, MASS. 150,000 TEL.EPHONES In and Around - CHICAGO, Sets. per day and up . Chicago Telephone Company .203 Washington Street Chicago, Illinois "DIAMOND H" BRANCH OFFICES New york ...... 203 Broadway Boston ...... 170 Summer St. SWITCHES Chicago...... 167 So. Canal St. Toronto, Ont...... 52 Adelaide St. W. Hart Mfg. Co. Hartford, Conn. London, Eng ...... 25 Victoria st THE ELECTRICAL WORKER THE SIGN THAT STANDS FOR W~AT THE PEOPLE . WANT GOOD SE~VICE ~EASONABLE ~ATES Central Union TelelJhone Coml1any (ieot=ral Office~, lodianalJoli~, Ind. OPERATING OVER 1 75,000 TELEPHONES IN OHIO, INDIANA AND ILLINOIS, and by Means of its Efficient System of" Long Distance" Lines Connecting Directly with Over 3 50,000 Subscribers in the Three States ··DONNEL"LY CLIMBERS Ask your dealer for the Donnelly. He either carries them in stock or will get them for you. If not send to us direct. . SOLID PLUG PATTE~N THREE ~IVET PATTERN Price per Pair. Express Prepaid ...... •.... . $2.00 Price per Pair. Express Prepaid...... $2.00 Price per Pair. Expreu Collect ...... 1.50 Price per Pair. Express CoDect ...... 1.50 Extra Spurs. 25 Cents: per Pair. Postpaid. ' Extra Spun. 40 Cenl.! per Pair. indudinll Rivets. CASH IN ADV ANCt Insist on having the Donnelly, and you'll never regret· it. ~very Pair Guaranteed. Manufactured by THE BLAK ESL~E FORGING COMPANY PL.\NTSVILLf, CONN.. Gleason's Moulding Boxes are designed for use in connection with electrical moulding worl5:. and are ap \oroved by underwriters and municipal authorities. For sale by leading dealers in all principal cities. Manufactured by JOHN L.GLEASON 290 South St. Jamaica Plain, Mass. Send p'ostal for illustrated .and descriptive . pamphlet and price liSt ·CONDULETS Take the· place of outlet boxes and occupy less than one-quarter the space. No lock-nuts and bushings or porcelain . bushings required. Simple and easy to install. Cut the wir~man's 'labors in half. Write for new catalogue showing 400 styles. CROUSE-HINDS , COMPANY Type "A" Conduld for ~igid Conduit. Syracuse, N. Y. THE EGECTRICAL WORKER 63 FLE ~ The Superior XDU: ' , ~ Conduit for. ~ CT Interior Wiring OSBURN FLEXIBLE CONDUIT CO. GENERAL SALES OFFICES 21 PARK 'ROW, NEW' 'YORK CITY, U. S. A. , r" PERFECT~ON" Stamped on your Belts, Safety Straps .and Climber Straps Guarantees Quality. Take No Otlier ManUfa~~ed by OTTO -BUNGE, '1 i.30 Sf Peter ~t~, 'Indianapolis, Ind. Be " Pr~pa~ed Fo . ~ __ An¥ Em.ergenc¥ . . - By ha~ing a . BELL TEtEPHON-E t . . 'In it'our Re~ideDce Empire State (Bell) Telephone ana Telegraph ,Company. The Central New York (Bell) Telephone. and Telegraph Company. New York and Pennsylvania (Bell) Telephone and Telegraph ...... t.i' Company. . - Three Famous' Brands -of Rubber Boots ~ Many a lineman owes his life to his rubber boots. With .other peo ple rubber boots keep out the wet; with linemen they keep out the wet AND THE ELECTRICITY. But a cracked rubber boot is a dangerous thing"for a lineman to wear. His rubber boots should be the best. Here are three famous brands of rubber boots BOSTON ::• CANDEE :: WOONSOCKET The first are made by the Boston Rubber Shoe Co., Boston. The second by L. Candee & Co., New Haven, Conn. The third by the W09nsocket Rubber Co., Woonsocket, R. I. All old reliable companies, whose goods have been a standard for 50 . years. Look on the bottom of your boots. If you find one of these three names YOU'VE GOT GOOD BOOTS --- THE ELECTRICAL WORKER . Keystone Overalls are sold from the Atlantic to the Pa cific, and for over twenty - five years h a v e maintained the highest stand ard for material and workmanship. Satisfaction guar anteed. All Railroad Men Know there is one kind that won't rip, ravel or tear; one kind that will save both worry and care; one kind that stands-in' a class of its own. They are branded and known as the KEYSTONE. Manufactured by CLEVELAND & WHITEHILL COMPANY, Newburgh, N. Y. Is Time Worth Saving? THE Brookfield Glass Company THEN USE "s 218 Broadway, New York H A Manufacturers W GLASS INSULATORS, BATTERY JARS M U AND BOTTLES T " \tIRf~1("" CONDUH When you _ window lillhtJ or any other CIrcuit that needs Rapid MOULDING Hangers automatic control. recommend the Caml>tH:1I TIme ~witcb Write for Bulletin No. 24 Chase - Shawmut Company "FINEST IN THE WORLD" NEWBURYPORT, lI1ASS. Write for, Pri~e Li.t CAMPBELL ELECTRIC CO. LYNN. MASS. r No . 654- lO:1g Chain Nose Side Cutting Plier ~ No. 50- Side Cutting PUer ~ EASY GUTTING TOOLS THAT ARE STRONG AND DURABLE ~ Ask your dealer for Utica tools t[~ TAKE NO SUBSTITUTE ~ ONLY THE GENUINE BEAR THIS \?RAO;rv:RK QUALITY GUARANTEED . :s P LlER PALMISTY, a catalog with valuable information on Pliers. Write for it. FREE. l~~~E~~~~J 1 theS:h~~~~~ users. The pricesN~~':' are~:~ withinO~~ reach' ~~~~~~n:~ of all. The qualityd is~ ,superiorI:~P to~" all O~.~others.C ~~~.~,~~~~Made from Electro,: I .BO-RAS-IC steel. Spring-tempered handles with round edges. The best that mechanical skill can produce. Fully warranted. o-tiHol~ '~t:z;~@;:::C ~~~~~~~~~~/ No. 709-Baby for Nos. 8 to 16 Iron Wire and 6 to 16 Coppar Wire. . No. 715 - For Nos. 6 to 14 Iron Wire and 2 to 14 Copper Wire, B. & S. gauge. No. 706-Combination for Nos. 4 to 12 Iron Wire, 2 to 10 Copper Wire and 8 to 10 Sleeves. Ask your dealer or jobber for these goods, or write for Green Book. WE ARE THE LARGEST MANUFACTURERS OF ELECTRICAL TOOLS IN THE WORLD. SMITH & HEMENWAY COMPANY ~ Mfrs. Fine Electrical Tools 296 Broadway, Dept. 709. New York .. SAFETY For Linemen and Electricians Buffalo Rubber Gloves are the only safe, practica I working gloves because they are made of pure rub ber, seamless. tough and absolutely airtight- Perfect Insulation. Stand a testof 5,000 volts. Buffalo Gloves are very supple, allowing a free handling of tools and wires, without that clumsy feeling, yet are the most durable, being made of all-rubber. BUFFALO Electricians' and Linemen's GLOVES can be Quickly put on and taken off. They are better fitting than any others and easier to work with. No' 1 - style- same thickness rubber throughout- for general work. No. 2 style- same thickness as No. I but with a re-enforcement of extra thickness of rubber on palms and in side of fingers and thumbs-Jar very rough work. Write us for informa tion and prices. . .' THE BUFFALO ' -RUBBER - MFG. CO, ••__ •. BUFFALO, N . Y. Regular Glove No. I . ·c·;owN· .. ·w~·~·i·N ..· ..;·i·;;;· .. ~·B;U;·;; .. ·~O;;·PAN·Y·: i SALEM. MASSACHVSETTS i r MANUFACTURERS OF + + T HIGH GRADE WOVEN WIRE DYNAMO BRVSHES or EVERY T ! - DESCR.IPTION ! ~ ... -:-:-...... -...... : ••• ••••• -••••••••••••••••••••.•• ;• .; • ••••.•••••.•••••• ••.••E!3 Lowell Lowell Mass. Insulated Wire -.RUBBER WIRE~ Company LAMP CORDS QUALITY FIll/I:)" - Hargrave's BEST DI':)ICiN TOOLS Wood Handle Screwdriver' THE CINCINNATI TOOL CO. CinC'innati, Ohio, U. S. A. Write for Catalogue No. 232 ~------~~~~~~~--~------~~