Boreham Road Warminster Wiltshire

Archaeological Assessment

Prepared for: HPH Limited

29th July 2013

Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire Archaeological Assessment

Contents

Non Technical Summary ...... 1

1 Introduction ...... 2

2 Methodology ...... 3

3 Planning Legislation and Guidance ...... 4

4 Designated Heritage Assets ...... 6

5 Other Recorded Heritage Assets...... 7

6 Historic Mapping, Aerial Photography, Ground Investigation & Site Visit...... 10

7 Conclusions...... 13

8 References...... 14

Appendix 1: The Known Relevant Archaeological Resource (from the Wiltshire HER) ...... 15

Appendix 2: Consulted Historic Maps (from the Wiltshire & Swindon History Centre)...... 17

Appendix 3: Consulted Aerial Photographs (from the NMR) ...... 17

Figures 1-14

APS 13/391 This report is for the sole use of the client. No part of the report may be reproduced without the permission of APS

Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire Archaeological Assessment

Non Technical Summary

There has been very little archaeological research within the immediate vicinity of the site and as such very few archaeological sites and findspots are recorded on the Wiltshire Historic Environment Record. Nevertheless, the general locality does have the potential to contain archaeology of prehistoric date as evidenced by the presence of scheduled Neolithic/Bronze Age barrows to the south-east and east.

However, any prehistoric archaeology within the site is likely to have been damaged or destroyed by part of a 17th century or later system of water meadows located adjacent to Boreham Mill. These water meadow earthworks were almost certainly damaged in 1963-4 when a spread of landfill between 1.2m and 1.9m thick was deposited across the site.

As the water meadows no longer survive as a historic landscape resource and as they have almost certainly been damaged and also deeply buried by landfill, the site can be regarded as having very low archaeological potential. Furthermore, should any archaeology be present it is highly unlikely that it will be exposed during construction work as the houses will be constructed on piled foundations with suspended ground floor slabs, and the excavations required for road surfaces and drainage are unlikely to penetrate below the landfill.

A Grade II listed milestone on the Boreham Road frontage will be relocated slightly to the east. This process will not affect its existing roadside setting and will be carried out in accordance with a scheme of works which will be agreed in advance with the Wiltshire Council Conservation Officer.

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Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire Archaeological Assessment

1 Introduction

1.1 This report presents the results of an assessment of the potential archaeological resource on land at the junction of Boreham Road and Bishopstrow Road, Warminster in Wiltshire centred on NGR: ST 8902 4419 (Figure 1). The land presently consists of a field under rough grassland with deep overgrown ditches along the northern, north-eastern and western boundaries. The aim of the assessment is to inform on the archaeological implications of proposed residential development.

1.2 Topographically the site lies on ground at around 110m AOD although it is raised well above Boreham Road to the north and Bishopstrow Road to the east. The geology is recorded as the Shaftesbury Sandstone Member overlain by alluvial deposits derived from the River Wylye (www.bgs.ac.uk). The site is bounded to the north by Boreham Road, to the north-east by Bishopstrow Road, to the south-east by a watercourse leading to a former millpond west of Boreham Mill, to the south by the River Wylye and to the west by a hedged field boundary.

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Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire Archaeological Assessment

2 Methodology

2.1 This report has been produced in accordance with guidelines in the Standard and Guidance for historic environment desk-based assessment issued by the Institute for Archaeologists (2011). The report included consultation of readily available archaeological and historical information from documentary and cartographic sources. The major repositories of information comprised:

 Wiltshire Historic Environment Record (HER) for records of known archaeological sites and findspots within 500m of the site. Relevant details are listed in Appendix 1;  the on-line National Heritage List for England database for details of designated heritage assets close to the site;  historic maps and documents held by the Wiltshire & Swindon History Centre. The consulted maps are listed in Appendix 2;  aerial photographs held by the National Monuments Record. The consulted photographs are listed in Appendix 3; and  the results of a site visit undertaken on 12th July 2012.

2.2 Section 3 of this report summarises relevant planning legislation and guidance and Section 4 summarises designated heritage assets close to the site. These designated heritage assets are marked on Figure 1 and summarised in Appendix 1. Section 5 summarises other recorded non-designated heritage assets around the site, and their known locations are marked on Figure 2 and again summarised in Appendix 1. Section 6 details the results of cartographic and aerial photographic research, the results of a geotechnical ground investigation and a site visit. Extracts from historic maps are shown in Figures 3-8, aerial photographs in Figures 9-11, a Wiltshire County Council planning permission document dating to 1963 in Figure 12 and site photographs in Figures 13-14. Section 7 outlines the conclusions of this report.

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Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire Archaeological Assessment

3 Planning Legislation and Guidance

3.1 A key piece of legislation relating to archaeology is the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act (1979). In this regard the nearest scheduled monument consists of a pair of Bronze Age bowl barrows located approximately 250m to the south-east (Figure 1, no. 1). A scheduled Neolithic long barrow and two further scheduled bowl barrows are also located approximately 700m to the east (Figure 1).

3.2 The most relevant planning guidance concerning archaeology and other heritage assets is to be found in paragraphs 126-141 of the National Planning Policy Framework (2012). These advise on planning procedures covering designated heritage assets (e.g. world heritage sites, scheduled monuments, listed buildings, conservation areas, registered parks & gardens and registered battlefields) and also non-designated heritage assets which are of heritage interest and therefore a material planning consideration.

3.3 Paragraph 128 addresses planning applications, stating that “local planning authorities should require an applicant to describe the significance of any heritage assets affected, including any contribution made by their setting. The level of detail should be proportionate to the assets importance and no more than is sufficient to understand the potential impact of the proposal on their significance. As a minimum the relevant historic environment record should have been consulted and the heritage assets assessed using appropriate expertise where necessary. Where a site on which development is proposed includes or has the potential to include heritage assets with archaeological interest, local planning authorities should require developers to submit an appropriate desk-based assessment and, where necessary, a field evaluation”.

3.4 Designated heritage assets are addressed in Paragraph 132 which states that “when considering the impact of a proposed development on the significance of a designated heritage asset, great weight should be given to the asset’s conservation. The more important the asset, the greater the weight should be. Significance can be harmed or lost through alteration or destruction of the heritage asset or development within its setting. As heritage assets are irreplaceable, any harm or loss should require clear and convincing justification. Substantial harm to or loss of a grade II listed building, park or garden should be exceptional. Substantial harm to or loss of designated heritage assets of the highest significance, notably scheduled monuments, protected wreck sites, battlefields, grade I and II* listed buildings, grade I and II* registered parks and gardens and World Heritage Sites, should be wholly exceptional”.

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Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire Archaeological Assessment

3.5 The site also lies within an Area of Archaeological Interest or Area of Higher Archaeological Potential on the West Wiltshire District Plan (1st Alteration). Saved policy C15 requires an archaeological assessment for development proposals within such Areas of Archaeological Interest, or affecting an area of 1 hectare or more within Areas of Higher Archaeological Potential.

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Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire Archaeological Assessment

4 Designated Heritage Assets

4.1 The nearest scheduled monument consists of a pair of Bronze Age bowl barrows located approximately 250m to the south-east (Figure 1, no. 1). A scheduled Neolithic long barrow and two further scheduled bowl barrows are also located approximately 700m to the east (Figure 1).

4.2 The site lies adjacent to the Bishopstrow Conservation Area (Figure 1, no. 2) and approximately 500m to the south-east of the Warminster (Boreham Road) Conservation Area (Figure 1, no. 3). In addition, several Grade II listed buildings are located within 500m of the site (Figure 1, nos. 4-17 - see Appendix 1 for details). Of particular note are a Grade II listed milestone on the Boreham Road frontage adjacent to the site (Figure 1, no. 4 and see photograph in Figure 13, top) and two Grade II listed bridges directly to the east (Figure 1, nos. 5 and 6).

4.3 The proposed access road into the site will require that the Grade II listed milestone be relocated slightly to the east although this will not affect its existing roadside setting.

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Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire Archaeological Assessment

5 Other Recorded Heritage Assets

5.1 Several entries are recorded on the Wiltshire HER within 500m of the site and these are summarised below. However, it should be emphasised that the HER is constantly being updated and, as it can only include sites and findspots which are known about, cannot be interpreted as a definitive list of all surviving archaeological remains.

Mesolithic – Iron Age (10,000 BC – AD 42)

5.2 Mesolithic/Neolithic flintwork (10,000 – 2350 BC) has been found in Medieval and later ditches in an archaeological evaluation approximately 380m to the east and this could be suggestive of a flint knapping area (Figure 2, no. 18). Otherwise only limited finds of prehistoric material have been found in the Warminster area (WCAS 2004, 8), although other prehistoric material may have been found in the town since the publication of the WCAS report. However, the presence of the scheduled barrows in the vicinity indicates that the general area was settled in the Neolithic and Bronze Age periods. In addition a Neolithic and Bronze Age flint concentration, possibly indicating population movements between the chalkland and adjacent lower lying areas, has been observed in the Warminster area where the Wylye Valley links Salisbury Plain with the fringes of the Somerset Levels (Pollard and Healy et al 2007, 81).

Romano-British (AD 42 - 410)

5.3 Romano-British settlement enclosures are recorded directly south of the site at The Bury (Figure 2, no. 19) and a Roman coin has been found approximately 180m to the east (Figure 2, no. 20). Otherwise there is very little evidence for Romano-British material in Warminster (WCAS 2004, 8).

Early Medieval (AD 410 – 1066)

5.4 A settlement was in existence in Warminster during the Early Medieval period (WCAS 2004, 8) and Saxon pottery has been found approximately 350m to the east of the site (Figure 2, no. 21). In addition, the settlement of Bishopstrow, which probably had Early Medieval origins, is recorded in the Domesday Survey of 1086 (Figure 2, no. 22 – indicative location only).

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Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire Archaeological Assessment

Medieval (AD 1066 – 1540) and Post Medieval (AD 1540-1900)

5.5 Seven mills belonged to the manor of Warminster in 1086 and in 1300 the lord of Warminster held two water mills, one of which was at Boreham. Boreham Mill is documented in 1385, 1391, 1409 when it was repaired, and again in 1412. In 1442 the mill was let and it continued to be so until the 18th century. In 1810 the mill was included in the Longleat property exchanged with a FD Astley, and remained the property of his family until 1884, when it was sold. The new owners evidently rebuilt the mill as the present large brick mill is dated to the late 19th century (VCH 1965, 114-4).

5.6 The Medieval village of Boreham is recorded in a document of 1241 and Post Medieval ditches of likely Medieval origin have been recorded in an archaeological evaluation approximately 300m to the north-east (Figure 2, no. 23).

5.7 Medieval ridge and furrow earthworks have also been recorded on aerial photographs in the field directly to the west of the site (Figure 2, no. 24 and see photograph in Figure 9, top). However these earthworks are more likely to be part of a 17th century or later bedwork system of water meadows, aligned north-south with and draining into the River Wylye. These earthworks are likely to have extended to the east to lie within the site. In essence these meadows would have been served by an artificial main carrier ditch cut from the River Wylye (explaining the deep water-filled ditch along the northern site boundary) and used to irrigate the field within the site and the field to the west before draining back into the river and the millpond west of Boreham Mill. The heartland of water meadows can be considered to be the southern counties of Dorset, Hampshire and Wiltshire and by the early 18th century this system was in use across Britain (Breeze et al 2008, 7-8).

5.8 The garden of Bishopstrow House is located approximately 500m to the east (Figure 2, no. 25) and the 19th century Home Farm is located approximately 450m to the north-east (Figure 2, no, 26).

Undated

5.9 A line of undated rectangular earthworks, possibly further water meadows, and an amorphous feature of possible archaeological origin have been identified from aerial photographs approximately 275m to the north-west and 430m to the north respectively (Figure 2, nos. 27 and 28).

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Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire Archaeological Assessment

Summary

5.10 In summary there has been very little archaeological research within the immediate vicinity of the site and as such very few archaeological sites and findspots are recorded on the HER. However, the general locality does have the potential to contain archaeology of prehistoric date as evidenced by the scheduled Bronze Age barrows to the south-east of the site and the scheduled Neolithic and Bronze Age barrows to the east.

5.11 During the Medieval period the site lay directly west of Boreham Mills which were in existence by 1300. The present mill would therefore have Medieval and later predecessors although the likelihood is that these would have stood within the same footprint as the current mill building which was constructed in the late 19th century. The site itself is likely to have been part of a water meadow system of late 17th century or later date. The creation of the water meadow is likely to have cut through any earlier archaeology which may have been present.

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Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire Archaeological Assessment

6 Historic Mapping, Aerial Photography, Ground Investigation and Site Visit

Warminster Enclosure map of 1783 (Figure 3)

6.1 The earliest consulted map of the site was the Warminster Enclosure map of 1783 which describes the general area around the site as Spurt Mead with the site under the ownership of Solomon Hughes. There is also a right-angled kink in the Boreham Road frontage where the road narrows and the western site boundary is marked by what appears to be a track or channel associated with the water meadow described as Warminster Chap??, although the latter part of the second word is indecipherable. The predecessor to the present Boreham Mill is marked on the River Wylye and very much within the same footprint. A further L-shaped building is marked just to the south of this. Also of interest is the line of the watercourse in the field to the north-east which, when projected, forms the existing millpond immediately to the west of the mill.

First Series Ordnance Survey map of 1817 (Figure 4)

6.2 The site is also shown on the First Series Ordnance Survey map of 1817 as a field with the predecessor to the present day Boreham Mill again marked along with further mills to the west and east.

Warminster tithe map of 1840 (Figure 5)

6.3 The site is again shown in detail on the Warminster tithe map of 1840. This is similar to the preceding 1783 Enclosure map although the millpond to the west of the mill (276) is marked, the building to the south of the mill had been demolished and a new building constructed to the north of the mill. The mill buildings (291) are also accessed from a road leading from the Bishopstrow Road. The river to the south (295) is described as a mill run from Smallbrook to Boreham Mills. The accompanying entries on the Warminster tithe apportionment for the site and its immediate environs are as follows:

267a In Spurt Mead 267b In Spurt Mead 276 River 290 Paddock (pasture) 291 Boreham Mill, dwelling house, outbuildings, yard and gardens

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Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire Archaeological Assessment

292 Orchard 293 Brake (wood) 295 Mill run from Smallbrook Mill to Boreham Mill 296 In Spurt Mead

Ordnance Survey map of 1887 (Figure 6)

6.4 The Ordnance Survey map of 1887 shows the site to be similar in layout to the preceding 1840 tithe map although Boreham Mill is described as a corn mill and a sluice is marked between the river Wylyle and the millpond directly west of the mill. A further millpond is marked to the east of the mill as are the watercourses on the northern and north-eastern parts of the site.

Ordnance Survey maps of 1900 (Figure 7) and 1942 (Figure 8)

6.5 The site is similar in layout on the 1900 Ordnance Survey map although the central part of the mill had been rebuilt as an L-shaped block and additions made to the building directly to the north. A small narrow inlet is also shown from the millpond directly west of the mill. Further additions had been made to the mill buildings by the Ordnance Survey map of 1924 (not illustrated), and these are also shown on the Ordnance Survey map of 1942.

Aerial Photographs of 1945-6 (Figure 9)

6.6 An aerial photograph taken in 1945 shows what appear to be a complex of linear features within the site most of which are aligned with or at a right angle to Boreham Road. These are strongly suggestive as being part of the water meadow system. One ditch is also aligned at a right angle to the road but then veers to the south-west. The water meadow earthworks in the field to the west are also visible (Figure 9, top). An oblique air photograph taken in 1946 also shows traces of earthworks again aligned with or at a right angle to Boreham Road (Figure 9, bottom).

Aerial Photograph of 1959 (Figure 10)

6.7 A further aerial photograph taken in 1959 again shows these earthworks, although the prominent feature which veered to the south-west on the 1945 photograph is shown with what appears to be a possible pool at its western end, possibly caused by the abandonment of the water meadow. However, the north-south running features visible within the site in this and the

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Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire Archaeological Assessment

earlier photographs are again strongly suggestive as being remnants of a former water meadow system.

Aerial Photographs of 1963-4 (Figure 11)

6.8 A further photograph taken in 1963 shows that the western part of the site had been tipped on, probably with chalk rubble (Figure 11 top). The tipping operation had extended to cover the remainder of the site by a further photograph taken in 1964 (Figure 11, bottom). This is in accordance with a grant for permission for development by Wiltshire County Council in 1963 for the dumping of excavated soil etc. within the site (Figure 12). Condition 5 stated that nothing could be deposited within 50 feet (15.2m) of the trunk road to a greater height than 3 feet (0.9m).

Site Walkover

6.9 The walkover confirmed that the site has been raised significantly to over 1m above the level of the Boreham and Bishopstrow Roads and that any earthworks associated with the mill will have been infilled and deeply buried (see photographs in Figures 13-14).

Ground Investigation

6.10 In May 2013 a geotechnical ground investigation was carried out within the site. This consisted of eight machine-excavated trial pits and five cable percussion boreholes distributed evenly across the site. In summary all of the pits and boreholes encountered modern landfill to depths of between 1.2 and 1.9m below the existing ground level, averaging 1.66m. A relict topsoil was also encountered below the landfill in six of the trial pits and two of the boreholes.

Summary

6.11 In summary historic maps dating from 1783 onwards portray the site as a field adjacent to Boreham Mill. However, aerial photographs dating to between 1945 and 1959 show a series of mostly rectilinear features or earthworks within the site and these are highly likely to relate to a system of 17th century or later water meadows immediately west of Boreham Mill. However, these earthworks have probably been destroyed by the spread of landfill between 1.2m and 1.9m thick deposited between 1963 and 1964.

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Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire Archaeological Assessment

7 Conclusions

7.1 There has been very little archaeological research within the immediate vicinity of the site and as such very few archaeological sites and findspots are recorded on the Wiltshire Historic Environment Record. Nevertheless, the general locality does have the potential to contain archaeology of prehistoric date as evidenced by the presence of scheduled Neolithic/Bronze Age barrows to the south-east and east.

7.2 However, any prehistoric archaeology within the site is likely to have been damaged or destroyed by part of a 17th century or later system of water meadows located adjacent to Boreham Mill. These water meadow earthworks were almost certainly damaged in 1963-4 when a spread of landfill between 1.2m and 1.9m thick was deposited across the site.

7.3 As the water meadows no longer survive as a historic landscape resource and as they have almost certainly been damaged and also deeply buried by landfill, the site can be regarded as having very low archaeological potential. Furthermore, should any archaeology be present it is highly unlikely that it will be exposed during construction work as the houses will be constructed on piled foundations with suspended ground floor slabs, and the excavations required for road surfaces and drainage are unlikely to penetrate below the landfill.

7.4 A Grade II listed milestone on the Boreham Road frontage will be relocated slightly to the east. This process will not affect its existing roadside setting and will be carried out in accordance with a scheme of works which will be agreed in advance with the Wiltshire Council Conservation Officer.

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Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire Archaeological Assessment

8 References

Breeze P. Challis, K and Kincey M 2008. Staffordshire Water Meadows Survey. Birmingham Archaeology.

HER Wiltshire Historic Environment Record, Wiltshire County Council.

Pollard & Healy et al 2007. Neolithic and Early Bronze Age. In Webster CJ (ed) 2007 The Archaeology of South West England. South West Archaeological Research Framework. Resource Assessment and Research Agenda. Somerset County Council.

VCH 1965 Warminster: Mills. In A History of the County of Wiltshire: Volume 8: Warminster, Westbury and Whorwellsdown Hundreds (1965), pp. 114-115. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=16086. Date accessed: 16 July 2012.

WCAS 2004 Warminster. An Extensive Urban Survey. Wiltshire County Archaeology Service.

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Appendix 1: The Known Relevant Archaeological Resource (from the Wiltshire HER)

Figure 1 and 2 HER no. Date Description nos. 1 DWI13129 Bronze Age Scheduled monument of a pair of bowl ST84SE630 - barrows. The barrows are on river gravels on MWI1178 the edge of the flood plain of the river. The ST84SE631 - western barrow is situated on the first MWI1179 terrace of the river, sloping to the east. The mound measures 17m from east to west and 13m from north to south and may have been truncated by a previous episode of cultivation. To the south east it has also been truncated slightly by a drainage ditch. From the east the mound is up to 1.5m high. Some 25m to the east, the second barrow is on the flat flood plain of the river. The mound is up to 1m high and measures 15m from east to west and 10m from north to south; it is also truncated slightly. Both mounds are surrounded by ditches from which material was quarried during their construction. These have become infilled but will survive as buried features about 3m wide (Scheduled Monument 1019740 description). 2 - - Bishopstrow Conservation Area. 3 - - Warminster (Boreham Road) Conservation Area. 4 DWI10063 Grade II listed milestone erected around 1840. 5 DWI10042 Grade II listed bridge over the River Wylye, built on the mid 18th century. 6 DWI10043 Grade II listed bridge over the River Wylye, built on the mid 18th century. 7 DWI10062 Grade II listed Chatley, 138, Boreham Road, a house built around 1800. 8 DWI10260 Grade II listed 147 and 149 Woodcock Road, built in the 18th century. 9 DWI10124 Grade II listed 15 and 17 Grange Lane, built in the mid 17th century. 10 DWI10125 Grade II listed pavilion to the east of Grange Farmhouse, built around 1700. 11 DWI10054 Grade II listed The Cotes, built in the early 19th century or earlier. 12 DWI10055 Grade II listed stable built in 1821. 13 DWI10423 Grade II listed The Cottage, built in the mid 17th century. 14 DWI10420 Grade II listed Shirley House built in the mid 17th century. 15 DWI10419 Grade II listed cottage built in the mid 17th century.

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16 DWI10418 Grade II listed cottages built in the early 19th century. 17 DWI10434 Grade II listed bridge in the grounds of Bishopstrow House built in the early 19th century. Non designated heritage assets 18 ST84SE051 - Mesolithic - Medieval or Post-Medieval ditches MWI1105 Neolithic containing scatters of late Mesolithic/early Neolithic worked flint found in an archaeological evaluation in 1998. The assemblage contains the products of a fine blade industry, including 'bullet' cores, blades and secondary waste flakes. The evidence from this site suggests it was a knapping area producing small blades. The presence of burnt worked flint may also indicate a settlement but it is possible it was just a short stay camp where tool kits were replenished. 19 ST84SE300 - Romano-British The Bury or The Buries, which is the site of MWI1116 Romano-British settlement enclosures. In 1792 iron armour, pottery and "a vast profusion of coins" in 3 urns was found. Pottery has also been found here. 20 ST84SE308 - Romano-British Findspot of a coin namely a sestertius of MWI1124 Lucilla, wife of Verus, emperor AD161-169. Found in the garden of 5, Grange Lane, Boreham. 21 ST84SE401 - Early Medieval Saxon pottery found during archaeological MWI1128 fieldwalking. 22 ST84SE456 - Medieval Bishopstrow, a settlement with Medieval MWI1136 origins. It was called 'Biscopestreu' in AD 1086 and the earthworks survive east of Barrow House. 23 ST84SE458 - Medieval Boreham, a settlement with Medieval origins MWI1137 where earthworks are visible. It was known as Buriton in 1241. Post medieval linear ditches were revealed during an archaeological evaluation in 1998, although they are likely to have had a Medieval origin. 24 ST84SE645 - Medieval Medieval ridge and furrow identified on an MWI1187 aerial photograph. 25 ST84SE529 - Post Medieval Bishopstrow House. A historic garden divided MWI1150 in two parts separated by a decorated tunnel. The garden on the opposite side of the road is an intact 18th century garden, with a temple of 1770, a summerhouse, garden walls enclosing an orchard and a Cedar of Lebanon tree. The garden near the house is 19th century, and has partially been redeveloped as a hotel.

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26 ST84SE532 - Post Medieval Home Farm. A 19th century model MWI1153 farmstead which was a planned tenant farmstead built to demonstrate improved farming and building techniques. 27 ST84SE634 - Undated A line of undated rectangular earthworks MWI1180 identified from an aerial photograph. 28 ST84SE646 - Undated An undated amorphous feature identified MWI1188 from an aerial photograph.

Appendix 2: Consulted Historic Maps (from the Wiltshire & Swindon History Centre)

1783 Warminster Enclosure Map 1817 First Series Ordnance Survey Sheet 14 1823 Map of Boreham (Wiltshire & Swindon History Centre ref. 132/17) 1840 Warminster Tithe Map 19th century Undated map of Boreham ((Wiltshire & Swindon History Centre ref. 1019/1) 1887 Ordnance Survey (25”) 1900 Ordnance Survey (25”) 1924 Ordnance Survey (25”) 1942 Ordnance Survey (25”)

Appendix 3: Consulted Aerial Photographs (from the NMR)

10.5.1945 RAF/106G/LA/268 11.5.1945 RAF/106G/LA/277 12.5.1945 RAF/106G/LA/292 22.6.1945 RAF/106G/UK/427 15.4.1946 RAF/106G/UK/1418 11.7.1946 RAF/106G/UK/1657 7.10.1946 RAF/CPE/UK/1769 10.10.1946 RAF/CPE/UK/1781 4.11.1946 RAF/CPE/UK/1821 12.12.1946 RAF/CPE/UK/1894 29.9.1955 RAF/58/1877 1.10.1955 RAF/58/1882 1.9.1959 RAF/543/679 2.6.1963 OS/63083 27.4.1964 RAF/543/2821 13.6.1967 RAF/543/3860 17.5.1970 OS/70116 8.9.1971 FSL/71215 15.6.1973 OS/73300 24.1.1976 MAL/76002 8.6.1976 CAP/RC8/BM 16.9.1978 OS/78150 21.4.1984 OS/84035 29.7.1995 OS/95651

17

N

Scheduled long barrow 3

9 8 7 10 Scheduled bowl barrows 4 11 5 12

6 17 1 2 13 14 15 16

Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the Controller of Her Majestys’ Stationery Office. Licence Number 100044337. Crown Copyright reserved.

PROJECT Site boundary Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire Scheduled monument

TITLE Conservation Area Figure 1: Designated heritage Archaeology & Planning Solutions Ltd assets Hillview, 31 Chesterton Lane, Cirencester, GL7 1XQ 4 Listed buildings t 01285 641713 f 01285 642944 m 07913 918953 e [email protected] SCALE DATE PROJECT NO APPROVED w www.archaeologyplanning.co.uk NTSJuly 2013 APS 12_391 AT N

28

26 27 23 20 21 25 18 24

19 22

Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the Controller of Her Majestys’ Stationery Office. Licence Number 100044337. Crown Copyright reserved.

PROJECT

Site boundary Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire 19 HER entries TITLE

Figure 2: Other recorded Archaeology & Planning Solutions Ltd archaeological assets Hillview, 31 Chesterton Lane, Cirencester, GL7 1XQ t 01285 641713 f 01285 642944 m 07913 918953 e [email protected] SCALE DATE PROJECT NO APPROVED w www.archaeologyplanning.co.uk NTSJuly 2013 APS 13_391 AT N

Watercourse

River Wylye Mill

PROJECT

Site boundary Boreham Road, Warminster, (approximate) Wiltshire

TITLE Figure 3: Extract from the

Archaeology & Planning Solutions Ltd Warminster Enclosure map of Hillview, 31 Chesterton Lane, Cirencester, GL7 1XQ 1783 t 01285 641713 f 01285 642944 m 07913 918953 e [email protected] SCALE DATE PROJECT NO APPROVED w www.archaeologyplanning.co.uk NTSJuly 2013 APS 13_391 AT N

Boreham Road Site

PROJECT

Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire

TITLE

Figure 4: Extract from an Archaeology & Planning Solutions Ltd Ordnance Survey map of 1817 Hillview, 31 Chesterton Lane, Cirencester, GL7 1XQ t 01285 641713 f 01285 642944 m 07913 918953 e [email protected] SCALE DATE PROJECT NO APPROVED w www.archaeologyplanning.co.uk NTSJuly 2013 APS 13_391 AT N

267a

276

295 293

PROJECT

Site boundary Boreham Road, Warminster, (approximate) Wiltshire

TITLE

Figure 5: Extract from the Archaeology & Planning Solutions Ltd Warminster Tithe map of 1840 Hillview, 31 Chesterton Lane, Cirencester, GL7 1XQ t 01285 641713 f 01285 642944 m 07913 918953 e [email protected] SCALE DATE PROJECT NO APPROVED w www.archaeologyplanning.co.uk NTSJuly 2013 APS 13_391 AT N

PROJECT

Site boundary Boreham Road, Warminster, (approximate) Wiltshire

TITLE

Figure 6: Extract from the Archaeology & Planning Solutions Ltd Ordnance Survey map of 1887 Hillview, 31 Chesterton Lane, Cirencester, GL7 1XQ t 01285 641713 f 01285 642944 m 07913 918953 e [email protected] SCALE DATE PROJECT NO APPROVED w www.archaeologyplanning.co.uk NTSJuly 2013 APS 13_391 AT N

PROJECT

Site boundary Boreham Road, Warminster, (approximate) Wiltshire

TITLE

Figure 7: Extract from the Archaeology & Planning Solutions Ltd Ordnance Survey map of 1900 Hillview, 31 Chesterton Lane, Cirencester, GL7 1XQ t 01285 641713 f 01285 642944 m 07913 918953 e [email protected] SCALE DATE PROJECT NO APPROVED w www.archaeologyplanning.co.uk NTSJuly 2013 APS 13_391 AT N

PROJECT

Site boundary Boreham Road, Warminster, (approximate) Wiltshire

TITLE

Figure 8: Extract from the Archaeology & Planning Solutions Ltd Ordnance Survey map of 1942 Hillview, 31 Chesterton Lane, Cirencester, GL7 1XQ t 01285 641713 f 01285 642944 m 07913 918953 e [email protected] SCALE DATE PROJECT NO APPROVED w www.archaeologyplanning.co.uk NTSJuly 2013 APS 13_391 AT N

water meadow

Aerial photograph taken in 1945

Reproduced from an aerial photograph held by the National Monuments Record, English Heritage. RAF 106G\UK427. Library no. 3647. Taken 22nd June 1945. English Heritage copyright reserved.

Aerial photograph taken in 1946

Site

Reproduced from an aerial photograph held by the National Monuments Record, English Heritage. RAF F106G/UK1207. Taken 7th March 1946. English Heritage copyright reserved.

PROJECT

Site boundary Boreham Road, Warminster, (approximate) Wiltshire

TITLE

Archaeology & Planning Solutions Ltd Figure 9: Aerial photographs Hillview, 31 Chesterton Lane, Cirencester, GL7 1XQ t 01285 641713 f 01285 642944 m 07913 918953 e [email protected] SCALE DATE PROJECT NO APPROVED w www.archaeologyplanning.co.uk NTSJuly 2013 APS 13_391 AT N

Pool?

Reproduced from an aerial photograph held by the National Monuments Record, English Heritage. RAF 543/679. Library no. 2105. Taken 1st September 1959. English Heritage copyright reserved.

PROJECT

Site boundary Boreham Road, Warminster, (approximate) Wiltshire

TITLE Figure 10: Aerial photograph Archaeology & Planning Solutions Ltd taken in 1959 Hillview, 31 Chesterton Lane, Cirencester, GL7 1XQ t 01285 641713 f 01285 642944 m 07913 918953 e [email protected] SCALE DATE PROJECT NO APPROVED w www.archaeologyplanning.co.uk NTSJuly 2013 APS 12_391 AT N

Aerial photograph taken in 1963

Reproduced from an aerial photograph held by the National Monuments Record, English Heritage. OS 63083. Library no. 11488. Taken 2nd June 1963. English Heritage/Ordnance Survey copyright reserved.

Aerial photograph taken in 1964

Reproduced from an aerial photograph held by the National Monuments Record, English Heritage. RAF\543\2821. Library no. 8138. Taken 27th April 1964. English Heritage copyright reserved.

PROJECT

Site boundary Boreham Road, Warminster, (approximate) Wiltshire

TITLE

Archaeology & Planning Solutions Ltd Figure 11: Aerial photographs Hillview, 31 Chesterton Lane, Cirencester, GL7 1XQ t 01285 641713 f 01285 642944 m 07913 918953 e [email protected] SCALE DATE PROJECT NO APPROVED w www.archaeologyplanning.co.uk NTSJuly 2013 APS 13_391 AT PROJECT

Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire

TITLE

Figure 12: Wiltshire County Archaeology & Planning Solutions Ltd Council decision notice of 1963 Hillview, 31 Chesterton Lane, Cirencester, GL7 1XQ t 01285 641713 f 01285 642944 m 07913 918953 e [email protected] SCALE DATE PROJECT NO APPROVED w www.archaeologyplanning.co.uk NTSJuly 2013 APS 13_391 AT Grade II listed milestone on Boreham Road frontage

View looking east along northern site boundary

View looking south towards the south-western site corner

PROJECT

Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire

TITLE

Archaeology & Planning Solutions Ltd Figure 13: Site photographs Hillview, 31 Chesterton Lane, Cirencester, GL7 1XQ t 01285 641713 f 01285 642944 m 07913 918953 e [email protected] SCALE DATE PROJECT NO APPROVED w www.archaeologyplanning.co.uk NTSJuly 2013 APS 13_391 AT View looking south-east across the Site towards Boreham Mill

View looking south-east towards Boreham Mill

View looking east along the River Wylye

PROJECT

Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire

TITLE

Archaeology & Planning Solutions Ltd Figure 14: Site photographs Hillview, 31 Chesterton Lane, Cirencester, GL7 1XQ t 01285 641713 f 01285 642944 m 07913 918953 e [email protected] SCALE DATE PROJECT NO APPROVED w www.archaeologyplanning.co.uk NTSJuly 2013 APS 13_391 AT ARCHAEOLOGY & PLANNING s o l u t i o n s

ARCHAEOLOGY & PLANNING SOLUTIONS, HILLVIEW, 31 CHESTERTON LANE, CIRENCESTER GL7 1XQ t 01285 641713 [email protected] www.archaeologyplanning.co.uk