A Landowner’s Guide DEVELOPING A NOXIOUS WEED MANAGEMENT PLAN

Contents

1. Introduction

2. Understanding the Noxious Weed Issue

3. First Steps for Developing Your Plan a. Identify the Cause of Your Infestation b. Decide How You Will Use the Land c. Will the Site Need Revegetation? d. Decide What Success Will Look Like

4. Learn to Identify the Weeds You Have

5. Mapping

6. Learn What Treatment Methods to Use a. IPM - Integrated Pest Management b. Prioritization c. Choosing a Treatment

7. Treatment Records

8. Monitoring and Follow Up

9. Final Notes

10. Appendices

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 2 | Page

Introduction

This guide is meant to help landowners begin to understand the steps needed to develop a long-term noxious weed management and land stewardship plan. The plan each landowner develops will be unique to their property. The steps involve evaluating current and desired conditions; identifying and mapping noxious weed populations; controlling the weeds and then monitoring the results. The goal is to help the land become more resistant to future noxious weed invasions. By understanding the different elements, a landowner will be able to make choices that meet their needs.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 3 | Page

Understanding the Noxious Weed Issue

MYRTLE SPURGE Noxious weeds are invasive non-native plants that displace desirable plants. They arrived here from areas outside Colorado, usually from Europe, Asia, or Africa. Some arrived here as contaminants in seed, packing, and hay. Some were brought here as ornamentals or forage plants but have escaped and moved into agricultural and natural lands.

Some came here as hitchhikers on vehicles and equipment. Noxious weeds are well adapted for survival. Some have seeds that expel from their seedpod, some have hooks, some auger like a corkscrew into the soil, and some last in the soil for 50-100 years.

Many have deep spreading roots, dense shallow roots, or modified structures called rhizomes and stolons. Some noxious weeds have thick leaves that help them retain water, spines that prevent animals from eating them, modified leaf petioles that help them float, or growth buds that let them regenerate from small plant fragments.

Impacts Natural Lands Noxious weeds disrupt ecosystems by altering the movement of soil, water and sometimes fire. They displace the native plants that birds, animals, fish, and insects need for food and shelter. Many times, noxious weeds form large patches that do not allow other plants to grow resulting in a smaller number of species and less individual plants.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 4 | Page

Many times, when a noxious weed takes over, the wildlife that rely on native plants to survive will be forced out of an area. Agriculture Noxious weeds invade rangeland and pastures reducing the LAND USES amount of forage that a site may produce. They compete with crops for water, sunlight, and space. They contaminate hay. Some are toxic to livestock. Landscaped Areas Noxious weeds move in to landscaped areas and compete with desirable plants for resources. Riparian

Noxious weeds infest water bodies and along the edges of lakes, streams, and water ditches. They change the movement, clarity, and chemistry of the water which changes what animals, fish, and invertebrates can live in an area. The weeds also may alter the temperature of the water. This occurs when invasive weeds crowd out the native plants that create the canopy that provides shade. Transportation corridors Noxious weeds take over areas next to our highways, roads, and trails. Some weeds are more flammable and can create a higher fire risk next to road and railroad rights-of-way. Weeds can also affect how animals shelter next to and cross roadways, often creating higher risks to motorists. Recreational lands Noxious weeds affect recreational lands by creating barriers, changing the aesthetics, and impacting plants and wildlife.

Colorado’s Noxious Weed Law

Colorado enacted the Noxious Weed Law in 1990 and updated it in 2003 to include a prioritized list. Colorado’s weed list is divided into List A, B, C and Watch Lists that are based on the occurrence of the different weeds within Colorado and within regions of Colorado. List A weeds are ones not known to occur in Colorado or whose populations are limited. List A weeds must be eradicated (completely eliminated). List B weeds may be widespread in some areas and limited in others. The State determines where list B populations must be eradicated, contained, or suppressed. List C weeds are common and widespread. Their control is recommended.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 5 | Page

The law requires property owners to control their noxious weeds. Each county and municipality must have a noxious weed management plan and must provide notice to property owners when weeds requiring eradication are discovered. The State, counties and municipalities must control weeds on their properties the same as private properties. Counties and municipalities may also enforce the requirements of the Weed Law.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 6 | Page

First Steps for Developing Your Plan

Identify the Cause of Your Infestation

There are basic steps a land manager needs to take DISTURBANCE when developing a noxious weed management plan. The first step to a successful plan is identifying why you have them. Things to Consider Soil disturbance - when soil and existing vegetation is disturbed it creates an opportunity for weeds to move into an area left open or for seeds in the soil to be exposed and germinate. Contaminated materials - Weeds often are introduced unintentionally as contaminants in seed, soil, hay, or revegetation materials. Contaminated vehicles, equipment, or gear - Weed seeds and plant fragments can easily be moved by becoming lodged on vehicles and equipment. Seeds

also move easily by attaching to clothing, shoes, and gear. Animals - Pets, domestic livestock and wildlife may spread weeds when seeds attach to their coats or through their droppings. Environmental - Wind, water, and soil can move seeds and plant fragments.

Weed Biology - Not all weeds are moved the same way. To understand invasion, you will also need to learn how the weeds you are managing grow and reproduce.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 7 | Page

Decide How You Will Use the Land

Deciding how you will use the land will help guide you in DIFFUSE KNAPWEED developing your strategy. Landscaped - If you are refurbishing or replanting a landscape or lawn, you need to consider what techniques you will use to manage your weeds as the landscaping or lawn gets established. You will need to consider weed control methods and timing. Natural - You need to learn about the desirable plants on your land so that you can choose appropriate vegetation management methods and timing. Agricultural - You need to learn about management methods that will result in long-term results, increased production, and lower costs.

Will the Site Need Revegetation?

Often, once the weeds are controlled, an area will need to be reseeded or replanted. This is done to create healthy, competitive vegetation that will help resist invasion.

Natural Areas Revegetating natural areas in Colorado is best done in the spring or fall and normally do not require fertilization. Colorado’s native plants have adapted to low nutrient soils and most do not do well when fertilized.

Hay and Grazing If you are planning to hay or graze your land, you should decide which desirable plants you want to promote and choose techniques that benefit the beneficial plants. Hay - Hay may be native or introduced; grasses or forbs; or a combination. How you manage your hay-lands will depend on timing and the control methods you use. Do you irrigate, do you cut once or multiple times, do you fertilize, do you reseed? If using herbicide, how long must you wait to cut? Graze - Rangeland and pastures may be native or introduced; grasses or forbs; or a combination. How you manage your grazing lands will depend on timing and the control

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 8 | Page methods you use. Do you irrigate, do you graze small numbers for long periods or large numbers for small periods, do you fertilize, do you reseed? If using herbicide, how long must you wait to graze?

Decide What Success Will Look Like

Clearly identifying your ultimate goal and deciding what success will look like for your property will help you devise a plan that will provide long-term success. It will allow you to choose techniques based on the weeds you have, your site conditions, and the resources you have available. When deciding what your goals are, you will need to factor in the state’s required level of control. In Colorado, noxious weeds are regulated and are prioritized based on their abundance in the state. Their level of control is mandated based on their location and prevalence.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 9 | Page

Learn to Identify the Weeds You Have

If you are not already familiar with the noxious weeds found in your area, one of your first steps towards noxious weed control is learning to identify the plants on your property. There are many resources available online that will provide descriptions and pictures of the noxious weeds in your area. See the Resources section in Appendix A Before you can decide on a management plan you need to understand the weeds you will be controlling so that you can choose methods that will be effective, timed correctly, and support your long-term land management goals.

Plant ID

Identifying plants involves looking at distinguishing features. The MUSK THISTLE common features are listed here.

Flowers • Size • Color • Structures • Arrangement (Single, complex, at end of stems, at leaf axis) • Bloom period

Leaves • Color • Size • Surface (smooth, hairy, waxy, etc.) • Shape (oblong, linear, divided, etc.) • Edge (entire, dissected, etc.) • Arrangement (opposite, alternate) • Structures

Stem • Color • Surface (smooth, hairy, waxy, etc.) • Size (length, width) • Branching pattern • Type (herbaceous, woody, hollow) • Number (single, group)

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 10 | Page

CANADA THISTLE Roots • Root type (taproot, fibrous, spreading) • Presence of rhizomes or stolons • Size (length, width)

Seed • Structures • Size • Color • Dispersal • Longevity

Plant Type • Grass or Forb • Woody or Herbaceous • Terrestrial, aquatic, semi-aquatic

Weed Lifecycle • Annual • Biennial • Perennial

Reproduction • Seed • Roots, stolons, rhizomes • Plant fragments • Multiple

Notes About Taxonomy The science of plants includes dividing them into groups based on physical features. Modern taxonomy also uses genetics. For our purposes, we look at plant families, genus and species. Nomenclature Changes As with any scientific discipline, botanical taxonomy is constantly changing. The scientific names change as new information is added. For our purposes we use the CDA Weed List for scientific names of the noxious weeds and Akerfield’s Colorado Flora for all others.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 11 | Page

Mapping

To establish the scope of your weed infestations and to be SCOTCH THISTLE able to monitor your progress, you will need to map your property. Start with a map showing the property boundaries and any noteworthy physical features. Next decide how to separate the property into zones. This can be based on a grid pattern or based on natural divisions such as creeks, roads, and ravines.

Map the property by walking the different zones and taking note of what you see including weed locations and densities. Points – use points for single plants or small groups of plants. Polygons – use polygons for larger patches. Decide what a minimum sized patch will be. Decide on a minimum distance between plants that you will use to start a new polygon or to note a point. Example: You have decided to map individual patches when they are more than 10 feet apart. Line – if your infestation is along a road, creekbank, or something similar, you can map it as a line following the edge, making sure to note the width. For each point, polygon, or line, note the following; • ID number – pick a numbering system that works for you. One that you will use for tracking your activities • Date • Weed – Map different weeds separately. You will be monitoring them separately • Density – The density is how thick the weed population is in the point, polygon, or line Single Scattered - <2 plants/sq yd Light - 2 to 5 plants/ sq yd Moderate - 6 to 9 plants/sq yd High - 10+ plants/sq yd • Any notes that will be helpful to you. Such as stage of growth i.e. seedling, bolting, dried up, etc.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 12 | Page

There are many ways to map. Either paper or apps on tablets and smart phones will work. What you choose will depend on what works best for you. Once you have mapped your infestations, you will be able to gauge their extent and use that information to set priorities, choose your management techniques, and develop a schedule for treatment.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 13 | Page

Learn What Treatment Methods to Use

IPM - Integrated Pest Management

Integrated Pest Management uses different treatments TREATMENT METHOD (methods) either alone or in combination to manage pests including noxious weeds. Each method has benefits and impacts that need to be weighed for use in your particular situation. Some methods work for some types of weeds but not others. Traditionally, IPM covers biological, chemical, cultural, and mechanical control methods. Colorado also includes prevention and education in its definition of IPM.

Things to consider when making your choices:

Site Conditions • Slope - What is above and below? How steep is your slope? • Soil - what type of soil do you have? How deep is it? • Water - Is there water nearby? How close? • Vegetation - what desirable vegetation is on site? Does it need to be saved or will you revegetate? Weed Biology - How does the weed grow and reproduce? When does it need to be treated? • Perennial, biennial, annual

• Method of reproduction • Plant structures, surfaces, roots • Seed longevity Timing • When is the weed most vulnerable? Prevention • What methods will you use to prevent the movement of weed plants and plant parts?

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 14 | Page

Who Will Be Doing the Work? • Will you be doing the work, or will you be hiring a licensed pest control company, revegetation contractor, consultant, etc.? Equipment and Resources • What equipment and resources will be needed to complete the work?

Prioritization

When faced with numerous weeds, substantial infestations, or large acreage it can be daunting when beginning a weed management program. Taking into consideration the weeds, how they grow, and where they are on your property will help you develop your plan.

KNOTWEED Questions to Ask Yourself • What is the weed? • What is your desired level of control? Is it required to be eradicated*, contained, or suppressed? • How does it grow? Annual, biennial, or perennial? • How does it reproduce and when? • How much do you have? What is the size and

density of your infestation? • Where on the property is it located?

*Eradication means the complete elimination of plant parts capable of spreading whenever they are found.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 15 | Page

Choosing a Treatment

The goal for controlling weeds is to create healthy, desirable TEASEL plant communities that will be more resistant to weed invasion. After identifying and mapping your weeds, you will be able to make decisions about which treatment methods you will be using. Consider using a combination of methods. Remember, if a weed is listed for eradication in your area, you will be limited to methods that are required by the CDA.

Prevention Using methods to stop the spread of weeds through equipment hygiene, and weed-free seed, mulch and hay. Pros - Stops weeds before they can grow, provides long-term benefits, provides cost savings. Cons - Not always possible to get to all parts on equipment that has debris, may have to designate a cleaning site on the property.

Tips for success - Purchase weed-free hay, seed, and revegetation materials. Clean your equipment and gear before leaving a site.

Biological Biological management uses organisms that disrupt the growth of the noxious weed. There are biological control agents (agents) available for some weeds but not all. Different agents work differently but are specific to the targeted plants. Some feed on seeds, roots, foliage or stems as adults. Others feed as larva. Biological control includes species of insects and pathogens. Some have previously been released and can be found in the area, others can be purchased through CDA and commercial suppliers. Things to consider: • Make sure your patch is a suitable size to support a population of agents. • Not all the weeds you will be working on will have agents available. • The agents may not work in your situation. • It will take a few years before the agents make a noticeable impact. You will need to continue to manage your weeds in the meantime using methods that are compatible. • Biological control is not a method that can be used when eradication is required.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 16 | Page

• If you are also using other treatment methods, make sure you understand their timing so you are not impacting the bio-control agents. Visit CDA’s Insectary pages to find out more. Pros - Organisms target specific plants, may be combined with other methods Cons - May not work at all sites, takes time to establish, may be costly, not allowed for eradication species. Tips for success - Select organisms suited for your site, continue control efforts outside the release area, monitor to track the success of the organisms.

Cultural Cultural methods include using techniques to promote the growth and establishment of desirable vegetation. Things to consider: Will you be re-seeding or revegetating? • Make sure you time your treatments to allow for optimum planting dates. • If you are also using chemical, make sure you understand how long you need to wait before planting. Pros - A healthy plant community can help resist invasion by noxious weeds. Cons - Can be expensive. You will need to manage weeds as the newly seeded areas get established. Tips for Success - Choose seed or plants suited for your site’s soil, moisture, slope and sun exposure. Plan on planting at the appropriate time for the types of plants you have chosen.

Mechanical Mechanical methods involve disrupting plant growth. It includes methods such as tilling, mowing, burning, flooding, mulching, hand-pulling, hoeing, and grazing. Things to consider: Will you be pulling? • Make sure the target weed is suitable for pulling. • If the weed reproduces by seed, it is best to pull young plants before they bolt. • For small patches, if the weed does not reproduce vegetatively, you can pull, dig or remove the vegetation and leave on the ground. But only plants with no buds or flowers on them. • Make sure you get the top few inches of the root for weeds with taproots, and as much of the root mass for weeds with fibrous roots. • Pulling is not effective for weeds with spreading root systems because they can reproduce from root fragments.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 17 | Page

Will you be removing flowers? • If the plant has new buds or flowers, cut and bag the REMOVAL buds or flowers and dispose of in a landfill. For small patches, if the weed does not reproduce vegetatively, you can pull, dig or remove the vegetation and leave on the ground but only plants with no buds or flowers on them. • If the plants have dead flowers from previous seasons, chances are they have already dropped their seed and your efforts to remove the dead flowers are not worthwhile unless you are doing so for aesthetic purposes. Will you be cutting plants? • If the weed can re-sprout, make sure you repeat or treat using an additional method. • If the plant can reproduce from fragments, make sure all pieces are bagged and disposed of at a landfill. • Plan on revisiting the site to treat any regrowth.

Will you be mowing? • Make sure you time your mowing so that the plants do not have buds or flowers. • Plan on repeating monthly through the summer for perennial weeds. • Collect and bag any pieces of weeds that reproduce from fragments and dispose of them in a landfill.

Will you be cutting hay? • Make sure you are cutting before any weeds are flowering. • If you are also using chemical, make sure you understand how long you need to wait to cut. Refer to the herbicide label for specific directions. • Do not hay if you have weeds that reproduce vegetatively. Will you be grazing? • Not all weeds can or should be grazed. Make sure the weeds are safe for livestock. • For weeds that can be grazed, learn the timing that will work for the type of animal you will be using. • If you are also using chemical, make sure you understand how long you need to wait before you graze. Refer to the herbicide label for specific directions. Pros - Works well for annual and biennial plants that reproduce by seed. Con - May move seed and plant fragments, may disturb soil, may affect desirable plants.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 18 | Page

Tips for success - Works well for weeds that reproduce by seed if done before plants have formed flowers or at the early bolt stage. If flower buds have formed, then they need to be bagged and disposed of at a landfill.

HAIRY WILLOWHERB Chemical Involves the application of herbicide or growth regulators to manage your noxious weeds. Things to consider: How will you be applying the herbicide? • Make sure your equipment is calibrated. See CEPEP for information. • Make sure you store any unused chemical, either

mixed or concentrate, in a locked area away from children and pets. • Read the label before applying. Only use on sites, with equipment, and use rates as listed on the label. The label also provides environmental, personal protective equipment, and other requirements.

Pros - Effective when used according to the label, can be economical, can be used selectively. Cons - May affect nontarget plants. Tips for success - Use only as directed by the label including rates, sites, personal protective equipment, environmental conditions, and timing.

Selective vs Nonselective Selective herbicides only kill certain plants or groups of plants. Non-selective herbicides kill all types of plants. • Select the chemicals based on the following:

o What will work on the weeds you have? o What is allowed for your site? o What is allowed for how you use the land? • If you have several different weeds, you will probably use more than one chemical. They may be able to be mixed and applied at the same time or may need to be applied separately. You will need to follow the label instructions.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 19 | Page

• Choose chemicals and application techniques that will target the weeds and do the least harm to desirable plants. • Do not use homemade herbicides or concoctions. • Always read and follow the label.

Safety Always follow the safety and environmental precautions listed on ORANGE HAWKWEED the label. • Wear the personal protective equipment (PPE) required by the label. If no PPE is required, consider wearing rubber gloves, a long sleeved shirt, long pants, and eye protection. Wash your PPE after each use. • Do not apply if it is too windy. Some air movement is good but winds over 2-5 mph are too much. • Do not apply when temperatures are too low or too high. Plants are not able to absorb chemicals at adverse temperatures. Refer to the herbicide label for specific directions. • Adhere to label directions when applying near water. Avoid spraying adjacent to wellheads unless allowed by the label.

Storage and Cleaning Always ensure that chemicals are out of the reach of children, pets and individuals not involved with the application. • Only mix what you will use in one application. • Consider buying a cabinet that you can lock to store your chemicals and equipment in. Keep out of the elements. Store between 40-70 degrees F. Some chemicals become inactive if they get too warm or freeze. • Keep a copy of the label. You can find electronic versions online for many products. • Triple rinse your empty containers by filling 1/3-1/2 full with water, agitate, pour reinstate into application equipment and spray onto a site allowed by the label. Repeat for a total of 3 times. • Clean your equipment when you are done. Follow instructions on the chemical label. If the label does not have specific instructions, fill 1/3 full with water, agitate, and spray onto a site allowed by the label. Repeat for a total of 3 times. • Clean your equipment if you are changing chemicals.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 20 | Page

A Note on Pesticides Pesticide is a general term that includes natural, biological, and synthetic compounds that kill, repel, or restrict the growth of organisms. The term pesticide includes insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, disinfectants, etc. The label is the law. Pesticide labels describe how to use the chemical including items such as the allowed rates, sites, environmental and human precautions, equipment, and storage requirements. Failure to adhere to the labeled directions may result in damage to your site. If you choose to use herbicides to manage your noxious weeds you need to read the entire label and make sure you are using it according to the directions.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 21 | Page

Treatment Records

Regardless of which treatment methods you choose, maintaining good records is key to good management. You will be able track the effectiveness of your methods and to plan for future activities. See Appendix B for examples and forms.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 22 | Page

Monitoring and Follow-up

One of the most important steps in a treatment effort is to monitor your site so that you can evaluate the effectiveness of your treatment methods and to gauge the need for further control. Your success will depend on factors such as the weeds’ remaining seedbank, ability to regrow from deep roots, and possible re-invasion. Your efforts will most probably need to be repeated for a few years until the weeds’ reserve is depleted. Biological • During the following year, monitor your release site to gauge establishment. • When and what to look for will depend on the agents you use. Things to consider include the biology and lifecycle of the bio-control agent and what part of the target weed the agent affects.

Cultural • Monitor on a regular basis during the first year and then seasonally thereafter. • Control any new weeds that sprout. Mechanical • Monitor after treatment to assess effectiveness and identify any skips or re-growth. • Followup monthly for the current growing season and control any new weeds that sprout. • Repeat seasonally as needed. Chemical Your monitoring will be based on the timing, length of activity, and type of herbicide you use. • Monitor after treatment to assess effectiveness and identify any skips or re-growth. • Repeat your monitoring as necessary. • Re-treat the following season if necessary. Consider using a different herbicide and a combination of methods. (Example: you treated your Canada thistle in June and monitored your treatment through the next couple months. In mid-September you decide to treat the plants that re-grew or were missed.)

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 23 | Page

Final Notes

Noxious weed control requires taking the time to identify the reasons for invasion, understanding the conditions at your site, and understanding the weeds and how they grow. Once you have that knowledge, you will be able to choose the control techniques that will work for your site. And finally, committing to monitoring and following up as part of your long-term weed management plan will ensure that future infestations are addressed early.

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 24 | Page

Appendix A - Resources

Noxious Weed List drive.google.com/a/state.co.us/file/d/0Bxn6NtpJWc9JRFE3LW1RWFVXY1E/view?usp=sharing

Weed ID and Control Jeffco Fact Sheets www.jeffco.us/jcism CDA Fact Sheets https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/agconservation/noxious-weed- species CSU Extension Fact Sheets extension.colostate.edu/publications-2/ CWMA - Colorado Weed Management Association www.cwma.org Invasives.org www.invasive.org/ CDA Insectary www.colorado.gov/pacific/agconservation/biocontrol

Land Stewardship CSU Small Acreage Program sam.extension.colostate.edu/ CSU Extension extension.colostate.edu/ NRCS www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/site/co/home/

Pesticides and Pesticide Safety CEPEP cepep.agsci.colostate.edu/ Greenbook.net www.greenbook.net/ CDMS www.cdms.net/Label-Database/Advanced-Search National Pesticide Information Center npic.orst.edu/

Maps Jmap gis.jeffco.us/webmaps/jmap/index.html Google Earth www.google.com/earth/

Native Plants Colorado Native Plant Society conps.org/ CPW Revegetation Guide cpw.state.co.us/Documents/CNAP/RevegetationGuide.pdf

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 25 | Page

Appendix B - Sample Forms

A Landowner’s Guide Developing a Noxious Weed Management Plan 26 | Page

SPOT TREATMENT PESTICIDE APPLICATION FORM

Applicator(s) Address

AREA WATER WATER TREATED TOTAL AMT DATE/TIME SITE ID: WEED & DENSITY PESTICIDE EPA REG # ACTIVE INGREDIENT RATE Sq-ft USED TOTAL RATE Ac/etc USED

Notes:

Density: Single, S - Scattered <2 plants/sq yd, L - Light 2 to 5 plants/sq yd, M - Moderate 6 to 9 plants/ sq yd, H - High 10 or more plants/sq yd

SPOT TREATMENT PESTICIDE APPLICATION FORM - EXAMPLE

Applicator(s) Address 123 Vine St, Evergreen, CO Joe Doe AREA WATER WATER TREATED TOTAL AMT DATE/TIME SITE ID: WEED & DENSITY PESTICIDE EPA REG # ACTIVE INGREDIENT RATE Sq-ft USED TOTAL RATE Ac/etc USED 6/1/20 JD-05 Musk thistle - H 1.5 ac Milestone 62719-519 aminopyralid 1 qt/ac 1.5 qt 20 30 gal 10-11 am gal/ac

Notes:

Density: Single, S - Scattered <2 plants/sq yd, L - Light 2 to 5 plants/sq yd, M - Moderate 6 to 9 plants/ sq yd, H - High 10 or more plants/sq yd

IPM Record Keeping Form for Landowners Owner Location

Method Gross Net Site ID Date (Biocontrol, Target Weed Name Notes Mechanical, Removal, Acres Acres Re-Veg, etc.)

IPM Record Keeping Form for Landowners - EXAMPLE

Owner Joe Doe

Location 123 Vine St, Evergreen, CO

Method (Biocontrol, Gross Net Site ID Date Mechanical, Target Weed Name Notes Removal, Re- Acres Acres Veg, etc.) JD-01 5/19/20 Removal Musk thistle 5 1.5 Joe Doe Along creekbank. Removed plants. Not flowering yet JD-01 7/15/20 Removal Musk thistle 5 1.5 Joe Doe Cut and bagged flowers

JD-01 9/3/20 Removal Musk thistle 5 1.5 Joe Doe Revisit site, Removed fall rosettes

JD-01 10/15/20 Re-veg Musk thistle 5 1.5 Joe Doe Reseeded w/ Foothills seed blend.

Who We Are:

The Jeffco Invasive Species Management program provides education and outreach to help Jeffco residents learn to identify and manage noxious weeds, forest insect pests and agricultural vertebrate pests. Our goal is to provide the public with information and offer solutions that they can use to manage their weed and pest problems. We ensure the compliance with Colorado’s noxious weed, forest pest, and agricultural vertebrate pest regulations on private, county, and state lands. We also provide technical assistance and support to county departments who are responsible for managing county owned lands. The program coordinates with private, local, state, and federal agencies to achieve regional pest control.

700 Jefferson County Parkway Suite 100 Golden, CO 80401 jeffco.us/jcism