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Media Freedom in Melanesia

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Media Freedom in Melanesia MEDIA FREEDOM IN MELANESIA PUBLISHED BY THE PACIFIC MEDIA CENTRE MEDIA FREEDOM PACIFIC MEDIA CENTRE Te Amokura School of Communication Studies IN MELANESIA Auckland University of Technology EDITED BY KASUN UBAYASIRI, Te Wānanga Aronui o Tāmaki Makau Rau FAITH VALENCIA-FORRESTER, DAVID ROBIE, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142 PHILIP CASS AND NICOLE GOOCH Aotearoa/New Zealand Email: [email protected] 2020 JOURNALISM REVIEW 26(1) JULY PACIFIC Key Melanesian media freedom challenges: Tuwhera Open Access: www.pjreview.info Climate crisis, internet freedoms and West Papua ISSN 1023-9499 Journalism in Melanesia and external and internal threats in Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu Cover: The Jakarta Six Papuan self-determination protesters accused of makar Strengthening the voices of human rights defenders (treason) and Morning Star flag protest faces during the 2019 Papuan Uprising. Montage created by Pamela Valenzuela from images: Antara, Al Jazeera In her own words: Melanesian women in media Red tape, disinformation and bogus online media disruption in West Papua Scott Waide, Maseratis, EMTV and how a public outcry restored media freedom Forgetting Papua New Guinea? Australian media coverage FRONTLINE REVERSING SILENCES IN WEST PAPUA: INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND (AUDIO) DOCUMENTARY CREATIVE PRACTICE AS RESEARCH PLUS When TC Harold meets the novel coronavirus Negotiating uncertainty with public health communication What’s in a name? A history of NZ’s unique name supression laws and their impact on press freedom MEDIA FREEDOM IN MELANESIA Edition Editors: Dr Kasun Ubayasiri, Dr Faith Valencia-Forrester (both Grif- fith) Professor David Robie (AUT-PMC); Dr Philip Cass and Nicole Gooch Managing Editor: Professor David Robie Associate Editor and Reviews Editor: Dr Philip Cass Assistant Editors: Khairiah A. Rahman, Nicole Gooch Frontline Editor: Professor Wendy Bacon Designer: Del Abcede Editorial Advisory Board: Dr Tarek Cherkaoui (manager, TRT World Research Centre, Istanbul, Turkey) Patrick Craddock (Broadcaster and journalism consultant, Greytown, Aotearoa/NZ) Peter Cronau (ABC Four Corners, Sydney, Australia) Professor Trevor Cullen (Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia) Ana Currie (Pasifika Foundation of Hawai’i, Kealakekua) Dr Heather Devere (National Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies, Otago University, Dunedin, Aotearoa/New Zealand) Dr Lee Duffield (Media Editor, Independent Australia, Brisbane, Australia) Associate Professor Martin Hadlow (University of Queensland, Australia) Professor John Henningham (J-School, Brisbane, Australia) Professor Barry King (Centre for Performance Studies, AUT University) Dr Scott MacWilliam (College of Asia and the Pacific, ANU, Canberra, Australia) Kalafi Moala (publisher, Taimi Media Network, Nuku’alofa, Tonga) Professor Crispin Maslog (Asian Media Information and Communication Centre, Manila) Associate Professor Tom Morton (University of Technology, Sydney, Australia) Associate Professor Camille Nakhid (Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand) Professor Chris Nash (Independent Researcher, Sydney, Australia) Associate Professor Levi Obijiofor (University of Queensland, Australia) Professor Mark Pearson (Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia) Associate Professor Donald Matheson (School of Social and Political Science, University of Canterbury, Aotearoa/New Zealand) Professor Sitiveni Ratuva (McMillan Brown Centre for Pacific Research, University of Canterbury, Aotearoa/New Zealand) Associate Professor Angela Romano (Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia) Dr Shailendra Singh (University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji) Ian Stuart (Te Whare Wānanga o Awanuiārangi, Whakatane, Aotearoa/New Zealand) Professor Daya Kishan Thussu (University of Westminster, London) Dr Hermin Indah Wahyuni (Centre for Southeast Social Studies, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta) Asia Pacific Media Educator: Founding Editor: Dr Eric Loo (University of Wollongong, Australia) Australian Journalism Review: Editors: Dr Katrina Clifford, Professor Matthew Ricketson Journalism Education Association of New Zealand (Jeanz):Dr James Hollings (Massey University, Wellington, Aotearoa/New Zealand) Media Asia: Editor: Danilo Arao (University of the Philippines-Diliman, Manila) PACIFIC JOURNALISM REVIEW 26 (1) 2020 1 MEDIA FREEDOM IN MELANESIA Vol 26(1), July 2020 ISSN 1023-9499 eISSN 2324 2035 Founded at the University of Papua New Guinea, 1994 Winner: Creativity Stimulus Award, Academy Awards of the Creative Industries, Beijing, China, 2010. Published twice a year by the Pacific Media Centre TE AMOKURA School of Communication Studies AUT University | WG1028 Te Wananga Aronui o Tamaki Makau Rau Private Bag 92006 Auckland 1142 Aotearoa/New Zealand [email protected] www.pjreview.info Submissions: ojs.aut.ac.nz/pacific-journalism-review/ Databases: Ebsco (USA), Informit (Australia), Gale Cengage (USA), Knowledge Basket Newztext-PINI (NZ) Indexed by DOAJ, SCOPUS, Web of Science pjreview.aut.ac.nz/databases Subscriptions: All subscriptions prepaid: Institutional NZ$65, Individual NZ$45, Pacific NZ$45 a year Pay online at AUT Shop: www.autshop.ac.nz/pacific-media-centre Advertising: Full page: 120mm x 190mm: NZ$100 Four colour NZ$300 Half page: 120mm x 95mm: NZ$50 Four colour NZ$150 Production: Del Manalo Abcede Proof reading: Linnéa Eltes Website: Dr David Robie Cover photos: West Papua Media Printed by: Pink Lime, Auckland © 2020 AUT and individual contributors (cc) Creative Commons licence on the website Pacific Journalism Review acknowledges the collaboration with the Melanesia Media Freedom Forum and Grffith University for this edition. 2 PACIFIC JOURNALISM REVIEW 26 (1) 2020 MEDIA FREEDOM IN MELANESIA CONTENTS Editorial: Melanesian media freedom Kasun Ubayasiri, Faith Valencia-Forrester, Tess Newton Cain and David Robie 7 MEDIA FREEDOM IN MELANESIA 1. Key Melanesian media freedom challenges: Climate crisis, internet freedoms, fake news and West Papua David Robie 15 2. Pacific journalism solidarity, in the face of overwhelming forces Fred Wesley 37 3. Scott Waide, Maseratis and EMTV … how a public outcry restored media freedom Fred Wesley 43 4. The media and journalism challenges in Melanesia: Addressing the impacts of external and internal threats in Fiji, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu Shailendra Singh 48 5. In her own words: Melanesian women in media Faith Valencia-Forrester, Bridget Backhaus and Heather Stewart 63 6. Media freedom in Melanesia: The challenges of researching the impact of national security legislation Marie M’balla-ndi Oelgemöller and Levi Obijiofor 75 7. Strengthening the voices of human rights defenders in the media: A case study on addressing sorcery accusation related violence in Papua New Guinea Verena Thomas and Jackie Kauli 86 8. West Papuan control: How red tape, disinformation and bogus online media disrupts legitimate news sources Pelagio Da Costa Sarmiento and Victor Mambor 105 9. Mobile phone registration in Papua New Guinea. Will the benefits outweigh the drawbacks? Amanda H. A. Watson 114 10. West Papuan journalists today: An alternative human rights perspective from Indonesia Ana Nadhya Abrar 123 PACIFIC JOURNALISM REVIEW 26 (1) 2020 3 MEDIA FREEDOM IN MELANESIA 11. A crucible for bottom-up regionalism? The digital renaissance: West Papuan media suppression and social media in the Pacific Jason Titifanue,Romitesh Kant and Glen Finau 140 12. Some aspects of climate change communication and effectiveness in PNG Philip Cass 148 13. Talking the talk: Navigating frameworks of development communication Bridget Backhaus 164 14. Forgetting PNG? Australian media coverage of Papua New Guinea Lee Duffield 178 15. The Melanesian Media Declaration 194 16. Solidarity Statements by academics attending MMFF 197 FRONTLINE Reversing silences in West Papua: Interdisciplinary research and (audio) documentary Belinda Lopez 200 The emergence of creative practice as research Annie Goldson 226 SPECIAL REPORT Tropical Cyclone Harold meets the Novel Coronavirus Elisabeth Holland 243 ARTICLES COVID-19 dissensus in Australia: Negotiating uncertainty in public health communication and media commentary on a pandemic Arjun Rajkhowa 253 The future journalists of Timor-Leste: Job expectations, knowledge and skills in multimedia journalism Gilang Desti Parahita, Zainuddin Muda Z. Monggilo and Engelbertus Wendratama 264 What’s in a name? A history of New Zealand’s unique name suppression laws and their impact on press freedom Francine Tyler 279 4 PACIFIC JOURNALISM REVIEW 26 (1) 2020 MEDIA FREEDOM IN MELANESIA REVIEWS Report of the Commission of Inquiry into the Dismissal of the Editor of the New Zealand Listener Review by Jeremy Rees 294 Tonga needs ‘Akilisi Pohiva’s message Interview with Michael Field Preview by Philip Cass 302 The Road: Uprising in West Papua By John Martinkus Reviewed by David Robie 305 The War for West Papua Documentary by Sally Sara Reviewed by Nicole Gooch 309 Book shelf: Guide to best practice journalism in the future Reviews by Lee Duffield 312 Philippine Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists. Asian Institute of Journalism and Communication Reviewed by David Robie 314 Prisoner 345: My 2330 days in Guantánamo By Sami Alhaj The Refugee’s Messenger: Lost Stories Retold Edited by Tarek Cherkaoui Reviewed by David Robie 317 NOTED: Science Writing and Climate Change • Migrant and Diasporic Film and Filmmaking in New Zealand 321 PACIFIC JOURNALISM REVIEW 26 (1) 2020 5 MEDIA FREEDOM IN MELANESIA 6 PACIFIC JOURNALISM REVIEW
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