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Nepali Traditions & Culture

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Nepali Traditions & Culture Nepali Traditions AND CULTURE C O M M U N I C C O A T U E E C R U X R A P I L G O R O E U E R S F E R I L L S I E E E C N T T E N E R G Y HORNBILL SCHOOL C R E 2019 A T I V E Nestled in the lap of the Himalayas, Nepal is one of the most ethnically diverse countries in Asia. With a complex mix of people of Indo-Tibetan origin and its own indigenous people with influences from both India Tibet, and all the way up to Mongolia in the North. There are more than 40 different tribes. There are more than 60 sub castes and different ethnic groups which make up Nepal. NEPALI TRADITION - PAGE 2 ContentContents Greetings Use the correct terms to greet people. Food & Hygiene Food is key to all cultures. Beliefs & Faith Nepali culture is based on deep religious beliefs. Useful Phrases Learn simple phrases to help you communicate. About Nepal Festivals, the Arts, Rituals and Rites. In Nepal there are more than 100 Nepali community in Brunei You will not cause offence to ethnic or tribal groups who each although there may be slight tribal people from a different cultural have their own particular customs or regional variations. background if you are unaware and traditions. Additionally there The cultures of the Nepali people of such expectations because are 123 different ethnic languages very much centres around Nepali people do understand that or dialects spoken in Nepal. parents, teachers, religion and there are different customs and values and they each play an traditions in other cultures as well. The customs listed in this booklet important role in the everyday life are practiced generally by our of the Nepali people. NEPALI TRADITION - PAGE 3 GreetingGreeting Among the most common form of greetings, Newar communities respectively. Greeting each other in the Nepali Namaste (pronounced Na mus tey) is widely accepted. Namaste or Namaskar is the accepted form Community of greeting and introduction amongst Nepali The Word Namaste’ is a derivative of a people. It can be used for any part of the day Sanskrit word commonly used across Nepal/ and when meeting or parting. India/ Burma/Thailand etc. which literally means ‘I bow to the divine in you’. May your mind and my mind come together and may this meeting or In the Himalayan region with more of Indo- conference be a successful one. Tibetan population, they may say ‘chhey’ and bow one’s head with sometimes hands joined; especially to elders or older people. Note : When a Nepali is introduced or greets another Nepali it is normally ‘Sewano’, ‘Semuna’ ,‘Sewaro’. ‘Fyafula’ done so with a namaste/namaskar. ‘Chhyajolo’ and ‘Jhorlay’ and ‘Jojolapa’ are other greetings used within the Rai, Nepali men may choose to shake hands Limbu, Tamang ,Magar, Gurung and the with each other but when introduced to NEPALI TRADITION - PAGE 4 GreetingYou don’t get a second chance to make a first impression! Nepal’s flag is the only national flag in the world that is not rectangular in shape. According to its official description, the red in the flag stands for victory in war or courage, and is also the colour of the rhododendron, the national flower of Nepal. The flag’s blue border signifies peace. The curved moon on the flag is a symbol of the peaceful and calm nature of Nepali people, while the sun represents the aggressiveness of Nepali warriors. Within the Nepali Culture there are four most important figures. These are listed in order of importnace. a woman especially a Nepali woman they will exchange namaste/namaskar. • PARENTS - CONSIDERED AS THE FIRST FORM OF GOD Tapai or hajur (you) – the most • TEACHERS - HOLD THE SAME POSITION AS THE MAIN TRINITY IN HINDUISM polite form of addressing a person and used for anyone older, respected • GUESTS -GUESTS VISITING NEPALI HOMES ARE CONSIDERED A FORM OF GOD or in official and formal situations. • GOD - AS RELIGION IS CONSIDERED MOST IMPORTANT Timi (you) – also polite but informal Parents are considered the first form of God because they brought us into this form of addressing a person and used world. Nepali culture expects Nepali children to revere parents the way they would for peers, someone younger or very revere God. It is a cultural expectation that the sons in the family look after their aged close. parents. Teachers – teachers hold the same position as the main Trinity in Hinduism i.e. Lord Brahma the Creator, Lord Vishnu the Preserver and Lord Shiva the Destroyer, because teachers help to nurture good qualities in their students. Teachers also help to preserve whatever good qualities their students already have and help to destroy whatever bad qualities their students develop. Hence, culture expects teachers to be revered as a form of the Trinity. Guests – In Nepal and India, many people believe that God can visit their homes in any form especially in the form of a guest and hence the respect or reverence extended towards guests. In Nepal, everybody else besides Nepali people are considered a foreigner and a guest. Therefore respect is extended to anyone from another country. God – As religion is considered most important, faith in God plays a central role in the culture and traditions of the Nepali people. NEPALI TRADITION - PAGE 5 Food & Hygiene The staple food of Nepal is mainly rice Additionally, when performing based. Foodauspicious religious ceremonies all offerings to the Gods are made with Food is greatly influenced by both the right hand. When performing northern and southern neighbours. inauspicious religious ceremonies like However, there are many different funeral rites or death anniversaries, all dishes that are native to Nepal and kept offerings are made with the left hand alive among various communities. and hence, the belief that the left hand is unclean or inauspicious. Food very unique to Nepal can be found among communities like ‘Thakali’ with Offering of food and other hygiene their ‘Dal Bhat and variety of ‘Tarkari’, matters (lentil, rice and curry); and ‘Newars’ with their repertoire of dishes which Once your lips have touched a food item Sel roti is a delicacy - made mainly for the great Nepali celebration of the Dashain and consist of both vegetarian and meat or its container, it is considered jutho Tihar festivals. It is unique to Nepal and has based dishes. (polluted) for others. become an iconic symbol of Nepali culture and festivities. Momos (Nepali version of the dumpling) It is not considered polite to eat off has made a strong hold among Nepali someone else’s plate or offer anyone people around the world. food you have taken a bite out of. Offering items or food to others Offering items or food with the right hand to others is considered polite or auspicious. If it is being offered to someone older or a guest then both hands must be used. Offering something with the right hand and the left hand touching the right elbow or any part below the elbow is also acceptable. Offering anything with the left hand is considered impolite or inauspicious. Reason –Traditionally the right hand is used for eating food and the left hand is used for cleaning your bowels. Momos remain one of the most favourite dishes of Non Nepali staff at Hornbill School. NEPALI TRADITION - PAGE 6 DAL BHAT IS THE MOST WIDELY EATEN DISH IN NEPAL NEPALI TRADITION - PAGE 7 Belief & Faith Nepal is a secular country. Although In Nepal, the faiths of Buddhism and census. Hinduism is stillBelief the dominant religion, Hinduism share many common tem- other faiths have a strong base in Nepal ples and worship common deities Christianity and Jainism are other especially in regions which have a minority faiths. bigger population of a particular ethnic BUDDHISM community. All three main branches of Buddhism The form of Hinduism that is practiced exist in Nepal and the ethnic group in Nepal is quite different to that of known as the Newa people have their Touching with feet India as its intermingled with values own branch of the faith. Buddhism is Many Nepali and Hindus take inanimate of Buddhism along with Hindu also the dominant religion of the thinly objects and food to be different forms of God. philosophies and other tribal and ethnic populated northern areas, which are For example, books and educational beliefs which includes ‘Deities’ and mostly inhabited by Tibetan-related items are considered to be forms of the worship of objects in Nature. people, such as the Sherpa. Goddess Saraswati, the Goddess of Learning; With such myriad of belief systems, The Machendrajatra festival, dedicated to Hindu Shaiva Siddha, is celebrated people in Nepal have very rich and Additionally jewellery and money are by many Buddhists in Nepal as a main varied celebrations and religious considered to be forms of the Goddess festival. observations at different levels and Laxmi, the Goddess of Wealth. forms. Other religions, such as Islam and Christianity also have a strong KIRANT (KIRAT) MUNDHUM Nepali people are expected to show their following in Nepal. gratitude to objects that serve us e.g. The Rais, the Limbus, Yakhas(Jimi) cloths, stationary, furniture etc.. Therefore and Sunuwars belong to a native avoid touching them with your feet. Hinduism. group called the Kirants (sometimes spelt Kirats) Lord Shiva is regarded as the guardian and Kirati Mundhum deity of the country. is their religion. They are basically nature Nepal is home to the famous Lord Shiva worshippers who believe temple, the Pashupatinath Temple, in the interconnectedness where Hindus from all over the world go of every thing in the to for pilgrimage.
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