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Nuevas Aportaciones a La Flora Liquénica De La Comunitat Valenciana (E De España)

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Nuevas Aportaciones a La Flora Liquénica De La Comunitat Valenciana (E De España) Collectanea Botanica 38: e006 enero-diciembre 2019 ISSN-L: 0010-0730 https://doi.org/10.3989/collectbot.2019.v38.006 Nuevas aportaciones a la flora liquénica de la Comunitat Valenciana (E de España) S. FOS MARTÍN VAERSA-Generalitat Valenciana, av. Corts Valencianes, 20, ES-46015 Valencia, España ORCID iD. S. FOS MARTÍN: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0976-5459 E-mail: [email protected] Editor: L. Sáez Recibido 19 julio 2018; aceptado 3 octubre 2018; publicado on line 17 julio 2019 Abstract NEW CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE LICHEN FLORA OF THE VALENCIAN COMMUNITY (E OF SPAIN).— Taxonomic, ecological and cho- rological data are provided on 20 new taxa for the lichen flora of the Valencian Community. Many contributions can be also considered significant for its rarity at the peninsular level (Calicium notarisii, Caloplaca nana, Dirina fallax, Lecania sambucina, Lecanora rupicola subsp. subplanata, Myriolecis reuteri, Rhizocarpon umbilicatum, Staurothele hymenogonia, Xanthoria aureola) or in the Iberian-Mediterranean areas (Bryoria capillaris, Hydropunctaria maura, Ochrolechia alboflavescens, Verrucaria halizoa). Candelariella commutata and Catinaria neuschildii are found for the first time in the Iberian Peninsula. Key words: distribution; floristic novelties; Iberian Peninsula; lichens. Resumen NUEVAS APORTACIONES A LA FLORA LIQUÉNICA DE LA COMUNITAT VALENCIANA (E DE ESPAÑA).— Se aportan datos taxonó- micos, ecológicos y corológicos sobre 20 nuevos táxones para la flora liquénica de la Comunitat Valenciana. Muchas aportaciones también resultan significativas por su rareza a e scala peninsular (Calicium notarisii, Caloplaca nana, Candelariella commutata, Dirina fallax, Lecania sambucina, Lecanora rupicola subsp. subplanata, Myriolecis reuteri, Rhizocarpon umbilicatum, Staurothele hymenogonia, Xanthoria aureola) o en los territorios mediterráneos ibéricos (Bryoria capillaris, Hydropunctaria maura, Ochrolechia alboflavescens, Verrucaria halizoa), destacando especialmen- te Candelariella commutata y Catinaria neuschildii que se citan por primera vez en la Península Ibérica. Palabras clave: corología; líquenes; novedades florísticas; Península Ibérica. Cómo citar este artículo / Citation Fos Martín, S. 2019. Nuevas aportaciones a la flora liquénica de la Comunitat Valenciana (E de España). Collectanea Botanica 38: e006. https://doi.org/10.3989/collectbot.2019.v38.006 Copyright © 2019 CSIC. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. 2 S. FOS MARTÍN INTRODUCCIÓN en diferentes campañas realizadas en los últimos años. Este trabajo pretende ser el primero de una La primera aproximación a la Check-List de los serie destinada a mostrar los avances florísticos, líquenes de la Comunitat Valenciana estableció biogeográficos y de conservación que se vienen un catálogo de 569 táxones infragenéricos basado realizando en este territorio. exclusivamente en fuentes bibliográficas que pro- porcionaron más de 3700 citas (Atienza & Segarra, 1999a). En la actualidad, la Lista Patrón de líque- MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS nes y hongos liquenícolas del Banco de Datos de Biodiversidad de la Comunitat Valenciana (BDB- La metodología ha sido la habitual en los trabajos CV; http://bdb.cma.gva.es) alcanza un valor de 909 de liquenología. El material fue identificado en el táxones infragenéricos: 822 hongos liquenizados y laboratorio con ayuda de las floras liquénicas gene- 87 liquenícolas (BDBCV, 2017). Este notable in- rales, haciendo uso de monografías sobre algunos cremento es el resultado de las aportaciones publi- géneros y especies concretos que son referencia- cadas en este dilatado periodo en trabajos florísticos das en cada caso y recogidas en la bibliografía. El (Alonso & Egea, 1999; Atienza et al., 2001; Fos, listado de especies ha sido confeccionado a partir 2001; Fos et al., 2001; Fos & Barreno, 2002; Atien- del material recolectado en diferentes campañas za & Fos, 2011; Garrido-Benavent et al., 2013; de muestreo. Para la nomenclatura y autoría de los Boom & Etayo, 2014), en revisiones taxonómicas táxones se sigue el Index Fungorum (http://www. que han incluido material valenciano (Calatayud et indexfungorum.org) y a Nimis (2016) para los táxo- al., 2002, 2013; Giralt & Nordin, 2002; Atienza et nes no confirmados por el primero. Los ejemplares al., 2003; Boqueras & Llimona, 2003; Llop, 2003; han sido depositados en la sección de líquenes del Rico et al., 2003; Martínez & Burgaz, 2008; Gaya, Herbario de la Facultat de Ciències Biològiques de 2009; Giralt et al., 2009; Navarro-Rosinés et al., la Universitat de València (VAL_Lich.). Los táxo- 2009; Carvalho, 2009, 2012; Prieto et al., 2010a, nes han sido ordenados alfabéticamente, indicando b; Burgaz, 2011, 2015a; Pino-Bodas et al., 2012, para cada cita la localidad de recolección, la cuadrí- 2013; Carballal, 2013; Tehler et al., 2013) y a las cula UTM 1 × 1 km (Datum ETRS89), la altitud, el novedades florísticas territoriales (Gaya & Pérez, sustrato, la fecha de recolección, el recolector o re- 2002; Crespo et al., 2004; Fos et al., 2017) o para colectores y el número de pliego. Para los táxones la ciencia (Calatayud & Etayo, 2001; Calatayud & recientemente recombinados, se indican los sinó- Navarro-Rosinés, 2001; Calatayud & Triebel, 2001, nimos previos, cuyo uso se encuentra bastante más 2003; Atienza, 2002; Calatayud & Barreno, 2003; extendido. Toda la información se encuentra dis- Divakar et al., 2005; Fos & Giralt, 2009; Muñiz et ponible para su consulta en el BDBCV (http://bdb. al., 2009; Llop, 2010; Lumbsch et al., 2011; Moli- cma.gva.es) y en la plataforma de datos de biodi- na et al., 2011; Garrido-Benavent & Pérez-Ortega, versidad GBIF (https://www.gbif.org). Estas bases 2015). La intensa labor de prospección desarrolla- de datos incluyen otras observaciones (visto vivo) da, especialmente en la última década, constituye de las especies incluidas en este trabajo. Además, la otra fuente de información que ha conducido al la primera también permite consultar el conjunto de conocimiento actual de la biodiversidad liquénica especies identificadas en la misma localidad. regional. Toda la información florística generada con esta actividad ha sido introducida en el BDB- CV y se encuentra disponible para su consulta vir- RESULTADOS tual. A finales de 2017, las referencias a líquenes y hongos liquenizados acumuladas en esta base de Bryoria capillaris (Ach.) Brodo & D. Hawksw. datos ascendían a un total de 44.228 citas georrefe- Epífito, preferentemente sobre coníferas, aunque renciadas (BDBCV, 2017). también en planifolios, la encontramos enmaraña- El objetivo de este trabajo es contribuir al co- da entre las ramificaciones terminales más o me- nocimiento de la flora liquénica de la Comunitat nos defoliadas de Juniperus communis subsp. he- Valenciana, presentando las novedades florísticas misphaerica (C. Presl) Nyman y sobre las ramas más significativas que se han venido encontrando bajas y más o menos expuestas de Pinus sylvestris Collectanea Botanica vol. 38 (enero-diciembre 2019), e006, ISSN-L: 0010-0730, https://doi.org/10.3989/collectbot.2019.v38.006 Nuevas aportaciones a la flora liquénica de la Comunitat Valenciana (E de España) 3 L., en un pinar supramediterráneo (Sabino-Pinetum Juniperus hemisphaerica, 7.IX.2005, Fos (VAL_ sylvestris Rivas Goday & Borja 1961) bien estruc- Lich. 28099). turado y con ejemplares monumentales. El paraje está incluido en la Microrreseva de Flora (MRF) Calicium notarisii (Tul.) M. Prieto & Wedin “Pino de Vicente Tortajada”, disfrutando de la pro- = Cyphelium notarisii (Tul.) Blomb. & Forssell tección territorial asociada a esta figura (Laguna et Preferentemente lignícola, sobre madera seca, al., 2016). Su presencia en estos puntos concuerda alterada y expuesta, en tocones y troncos decor- con las observaciones de Etayo (1989) que la en- ticados, también sobre postes telefónicos y vallas cuentra confinada en bosques viejos y poco altera- viejas. Coloniza con menor frecuencia la corteza dos de Navarra. de viejos árboles de corteza ácida, principalmente Las aproximaciones filogenéticas más recientes coníferas (Pinus pinaster Ait., P. sylvestris), en há- de la sección Implexae del género Bryoria Brodo bitats abiertos y bien iluminados. & D. Hawksw., basadas en datos moleculares y en Calicium notarisii se encuentra ampliamente algunos caracteres químicos y morfológicos, con- distribuido en las áreas templadas del Hemisferio firmaron la necesidad de revisar la delimitación Norte, aunque en la Península Ibérica resulta bas- específica de algunos táxones. Diversas especies tante raro, con citas dispersas en Madrid, Vallado- y muestras, entre las que se incluye B. capillaris, lid, Soria, Teruel, Valencia y Castellón, siempre en eran excepciones al marcado carácter monofilético localidades continentales en un rango altitudinal que caracteriza a la mayoría de sus congéneres. En entre los 900 y los 1400 m de altitud (Sarrión et esta especie, los ejemplares analizados se separan al., 1999; Hawksworth, 2004; Pérez-Ortega, 2007; en dos subclados que responden a su distribución Atienza et al., 2009; Etayo, 2010; Muñiz & Hla- geográfica (Norteaméricavs. Europa y Asia) y, par- dun, 2011). cialmente, a los metabolitos secundarios (Myllys España, Castellón: El Toro, Sierra de Javalam- et al., 2011, 2014). Para resolver este conflicto se bre, Collado de los Perros, sobre madera alterada de propone el tratamiento de los ejemplares nortea- Juniperus, 30SXK876181, 1560 m, 25.VII.2013, mericanos de B. capillaris
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