BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE SURVEY 1999

First-Draft

ROCKY REACH HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT FERC Project No. 2145

November 17, 2000

Prepared by: Duke Engineering & Services, Inc. Bellingham, Washington & RL&L Environmental Services Ltd. Edmonton, Alberta

Prepared for: Public Utility District No. 1 of Chelan County Wenatchee, Washington

Benthic Survey

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION...... 1 1.1 Site Description ...... 1 1.2 Purpose of Study...... 1 1.3 Objectives...... 2

SECTION 2: METHODS ...... 3 2.1 Benthic Macroinvertebrates...... 3 2.2 Drift ...... 7 2.3 Molluscs ...... 7

SECTION 3: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION...... 11 3.1 Benthic Macroinvertebrates...... 11 3.2 Drift ...... 14 3.3 Molluscs ...... 16

SECTION 4: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ...... 25 4.1 Benthic Macroinvertebrates...... 25 4.2 Drift ...... 25 4.3 Molluscs ...... 25

SECTION 5: LITERATURE CITED ...... 27

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2-1: Biometrics used to construct the B-IBI score...... 6 Table 3-1: Comparison of water quality parameters at selected locations...... 11 Table 3-2: Habitat features of the Rocky Reach Project benthic sampling sites, 1999...... 12 Table 3-3: Mean (n=3) number of taxonomic groups, density, and the B-IBI biotic index among the Rocky Reach Project benthic sampling sites, 1999...... 14 Table 3-4: Dominant taxon, percent composition and drift density found in the Chelan and Entiat River during four sampling periods...... 15 Table 3-5: Chelan River zooplankton...... 15

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 2-1: Benthic Macroinvertebrate and Mollusc Sampling Locations in the Rocky Reach Reservoir...... 9 Figure 3-1: Daily discharge of the Columbia River at the Rocky Reach Dam (U.S. Gelogogical Survey Station Code 12453700)...... 18 Figure 3-2: Percent total abundance attributable to different taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates collected from the Rocky Reach Project area, 1999...... 21

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A: BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE DATA

APPENDIX B: DRIFT DATA

APPENDIX C: MOLLUSC DATA

APPENDIX D: PHOTOGRAPHIC PLATES

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SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Site Description Chelan County Public Utility District No. 1 (Chelan PUD) operates hydroelectric facilities at the Rocky Reach Dam upstream of the City of Wenatchee. Located at river mile 473.7 (distance upstream from the Pacific Ocean) on the Columbia River, the Rocky Reach hydroelectric project consists of 11 generating units that produce up to 1287 MW. The dam also has 12 gated spillway openings. The hydraulic capacity of the Rocky Reach powerhouse is 214,227 cfs (6067 m3/s). Operated as a run-of-river facility, Rocky Reach Dam has little pondage and no usable storage volume. A comprehensive description of the Rocky Reach hydroelectric project is provided in Chelan PUD (1991).

The Rocky Reach hydroelectric project impounds 43 miles (69 km) of the Columbia River from Rocky Reach Dam to Douglas County PUD's Wells Dam [Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) No. 2149] at river mile 517. The reservoir created by the Rocky Reach Dam is known as Lake Entiat and has a surface area of 9108 acres (3686 hectares). The drainage area upstream of the Rocky Reach Dam is approximately 87,760 mi2 (227,300 km2). The annual median flow from Rocky Reach Dam between 1973 and 1998 was 105,790 cfs (3000 m3/s). Two large tributaries enter the Columbia River from the west: the Entiat River at river mile 483 and the Chelan River at river mile 503. The Lake Chelan Hydroelectric Project (FERC No. 673) is located on the Chelan River, and is owned and operated by Chelan PUD. The project consists of a diversion dam constructed at the natural outflow of Lake Chelan and a powerhouse near the river mouth downstream of the diversion dam. Chelan PUD (1999) provides a complete description and review of water resources in the vicinity of the Rocky Reach Reservoir.

Chelan PUD is permitted to operate the Rocky Reach Hydroelectric Project according to terms and conditions contained in the FERC license (No. 2145) issued 12 July 1956. A license was amended 23 May 1968 for the addition of four generating units. The existing license expires 30 June 2006. Chelan PUD is seeking a new federal license to operate the Rocky Reach hydroelectric project. The FERC relicensing process includes extensive planning, environmental studies, agency consultations, and public involvement, requiring several years of preparation. The process requires FERC to give equal consideration to power generation, fish and wildlife enhancement, protection of recreational opportunities, and preservation of other aspects of environmental quality.

1.2 Purpose of Study Currently there is inadequate information regarding benthic macroinvertebrate species composition and abundance within the Rocky Reach Reservoir. In general, the benthic community of a reservoir is dominated by chironomids (midges) and oligochaetes (bristle worms) (Mullan 1986). However, clams and mussels, especially the introduced Asian species Corbicula fluminea are common in Rocky Reach Reservoir (Chelan PUD 1999). Macroinvertebrates will inhabit both lentic (standing water, e.g., lakes and ponds) and lotic (running water, e.g., rivers and springs) environments. The Project Area is composed of both these environments. Swift water velocities and larger substrates (gravels, cobbles, and boulders)

Draft Study Report Rocky Reach Project No. 2145 November 17, 2000 Page 1 SS/2539 Benthic Survey dominate the upper reaches of the reservoir, while the lower reaches have minimal water velocities and substrates that consist of sand, silt, and aquatic macrophyte beds. Unique macroinvertebrate communities may occur in these distinct environments. Therefore, the main focus of this study is to describe the benthic fauna and the habitats in which they occur.

Past research efforts have shown that benthic assemblages, quantified by “metrics” or “indices”, can provide an indicator of water quality within a stream or reservoir (e.g., EPA 1998, Plafkin et al. 1989). Lake benthic metrics are responsive to stresses, similar to stream invertebrate metrics, with some adjustments given the changes in environments. Evaluation of the changes in the metrics over time may help in the evaluation of human-induced changes.

Game fish in the project area are generally visual feeders. As such, assessing benthic drift may assist in determining the types of food resources available to fish species. Therefore, drift sampling in tributaries to the Rocky Reach Reservoir would provide additional data on the benthic invertebrate species that comprise this reservoir system. For the purposes of reporting, the benthic macroinvertebrate survey area will be referred to as the Rocky Reach Project. It includes the Rocky Reach Dam, the tailrace (distance of up to 5 mi. (8 km) downstream of the dam), the reservoir (Lake Entiat) up to and including the tailrace of Wells Dam, as well as portions of the Entiat and Chelan rivers within the Project boundaries. For the purposes of reporting, the benthic macroinvertebrate survey area will be referred to as the Rocky Reach Project. It includes the Rocky Reach Dam, the tailrace (distance of up to 5 mi. (8 km) downstream of the dam), the reservoir (Lake Entiat) up to and including the tailrace of Wells Dam, as well as portions of the Entiat and Chelan rivers within the Project boundaries.

1.3 Objectives The main objectives of the present study were to obtain baseline macroinvertebrate data, and to provide a description of the benthic invertebrate communities. In addition, the status and composition of mollusc populations in the Reservoir needed to be evaluated. Secondary objectives and tasks include the following:

• Describe benthic macroinvertebrate community structures among various habitats; • Qualitatively assess the relationship between substrate type and benthic organism density; • Collect macroinvertebrate drift information from the Entiat and Chelan rivers; • Assess the distribution of State Candidate and Priority mollusc species under the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Priority Habitats and Species List Habitat Program.

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SECTION 2: METHODS

2.1 Benthic Macroinvertebrates In autumn 1999, the benthic macroinvertebrate community was sampled at eight locations (five flowing water sites and three lake habitat sites; Appendix A, Table A1) throughout the Rocky Reach Project area (Figure 2.1), and numbered sequentially from upstream to downstream. The sampling sites were chosen to represent a wide variety of habitats and physical attributes (Table A-1). The sampling method employed depended on substrate composition and water velocity. In general, artificial substrates (Plates 1-3) were utilized at large and/or hard channel areas that contained considerable water velocities (i.e., lotic habitats); whereas, Ekman dredges (Plate 7) were utilized at soft bottom, low water velocity areas (i.e., lentic habitats). Three replicate samples were collected at each site. All sampling devices were of a standard size (15×15×15 cm). Animals were allowed to colonize replicate artificial substrates for at least 32 days. Artificial substrate were deployed on the right and left upstream banks approximately 2.8 mi (4.5 km) upstream of Beebe Bridge (Sites 1 and 2), 6.2 mi (10 km) downstream of Beebe Bridge near the community of Stayman (Site 3), at Goosetail Rock (Site 4), and in the tailrace of Rocky Reach Dam (Site 8). The three Ekman dredge sampling locations included Daroga State Park (Site 5), the Entiat River delta (Site 6), and east of Lincoln Rock State Park (Site 7). The Ekman dredge samples were collected at the same time the artificial substrate samples were retrieved.

Reasons for choosing artificial substrates include quantification of the sample, sample consistency, and ease of sampling in deep water. Within the Rocky Reach Reservoir, photic zone depths in littoral habitats (habitat targeted in this study), ranged from 3 to 10 ft (1.0 to 4.0 m) based on estimates from Truscott (1991). In general, water depths greater than 2.5 ft (0.75 m) preclude the proper use of cylinder samplers (e.g., 0.1 m2 Neill cylinder sampler) which are typically used and recommended by regulatory agencies. Therefore, the use of artificial substrates is common when sampling at greater water depths.

Artificial substrate installation and removal procedures were modified from those described by Anderson and Mason (1968), Crossman and Cairns (1974), and Hall (1982). Artificial substrates consisted of cube baskets (15×15×15 cm) constructed of 2.5×2.5 cm stainless steel mesh; they were filled with stones (3 to 10 cm diameter) that were collected from a gravel bar near the Chelan River delta. Use of a consistent source and size of substrate allowed for standardization among the sampling sites of this potentially confounding variable. Similar baskets or methods have been successfully employed by Mason et al. (1967) in the Missouri River and by Way et al. (1995) in the Mississippi River. At each sampling site, five replicate artificial substrate cubes were tethered approximately 5 m apart with nylon rope. A float marker was attached to the tether line for retrieval at a later date (Plates 1 through 4). Although five replicate artificial substrates were tethered at each site, only three of the five replicate samples were submitted for laboratory analysis. This was done to effect economy and to facilitate the collection of intact samples (i.e., individual artificial substrates are susceptible to damage or loss). The artificial substrates were deployed in the river channel where sub-surface [1.6 ft (0.5 m) below water level] water velocities were slow to moderate [0.2 to 3 ft/s (0.05 to 0.90 m/s]; Appendix A, Table

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A2). Placement of the artificial substrates on the river bottom allowed bottom-dwelling invertebrates as well as drifting animals to colonize the substrates. Standard physical measurements (water velocity, depth, water temperature, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen concentration) were recorded during deployment and retrieval of the artificial substrates.

Benthic macroinvertebrates were allowed to colonize the artificial substrates for at least 32 days during autumn 1999 (between 15 September and 21 October). At the time of retrieval, the tethered artificial substrates were quickly pulled from the river and individually placed into 5 gallon (20 L) buckets. Each artificial substrate was then rinsed and cleaned in the bucket. The stone contents were scrubbed to remove all clinging invertebrates and adhering material. Excess water was removed from each sample by sieving over a 243- m NitexTM mesh (Plates 5 and 6). Individual samples were labeled, placed into 1L polyethylene jars, and preserved with 70% ethanol.

The Ekman dredge samples were collected during the same period as the artificial substrate samples (19 to 21 October 1999) (Plate 7). Individual Ekman samples were placed into 5 gallon buckets and subsequently sieved over a 243-cm mesh. As with the artificial substrates, individual samples were placed into labelled containers and preserved with 70% ethanol.

2.1.1 Physical Measurements Physical measurements were collected to fully characterize water quality and conditions where benthic invertebrates were collected. Measurements were made using the following equipment and procedures as specified in the respective instruction manuals:

• Velocity - SwofferTM Model 2100 velocity meter (accurate to ±0.01 m/s); TM • Depth - water velocity meter wading rod, marked anchor line, and/or Lowrance X55A depth sounder; • Conductivity - HannaTM 6033 or OaktonTM TDSTestr conductivity meter (accurate to ±5 cS/cm); • Water Temperature - pocket thermometer (±0.5bC); • Dissolved Oxygen - OxyguardTM Handymark II dissolved oxygen meter (air calibrated each day, accurate to ±0.1 mg/L), and; • pH - Fisher ScientificTM Accumet 1001 or ActionTM pHTestr2 pH meter (field calibrated each day using standard solutions, accurate to ±0.2 pH units).

2.1.2 Laboratory Analysis Individual samples were washed to remove the preservative, placed in an enameled tray, and elutriated (i.e., repeatedly rinsed and decanted over sieves) to separate organic material from silt, sand, and gravel. The remaining inorganic material was scanned for stone-cased caddisflies, molluscs, and large animals. For ease of sorting under a dissecting microscope, each sample was fractionated, using a series of nested sieves, into: 1) a large fraction containing filamentous algae, macrophyte pieces, and plant material (>4.0 mm); 2) a coarse fraction (1.0-4.0 mm); 3) a medium fraction (0.5-1.0 mm); and 4) a fine fraction (0.25-0.50 mm).

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The fractionated material from the macroinvertebrate samples was spread out on a grid sorting tray. Macroinvertebrates were then selected by taking all of the organisms within a randomly selected grid. Grid selection was repeated until a minimum of 200 organisms was gathered for taxonomic identification. If the 200-organism count was achieved mid-square, the grid was sorted to completion. Organisms were identified by EcoAnalysts, Inc., to the lowest practical taxonomic level, with genus or species preferred.

2.1.3 Quality Assurance and Quality Control Quality assurance (QA) refers to externally imposed technical and management practices that ensure the generation of quality and defensible data commensurate with the intended use of the data. Quality Control (QC) is a specific aspect of quality assurance and refers to the internal techniques used to measure and assess data quality and the remedial actions to be taken when the data quality objectives are not realized (APHA 1992).

QA/QC measures were implemented for the analyses of the collected benthic macroinvertebrate samples. To ensure that all samples were collected with the greatest QA possible, scientifically defensible methods (Plotnikoff and White 1996) were employed. Criteria that were considered when developing QA measures included the following:

` Definition of objectives and hypotheses; ` Study design; ` A priori statistical design and decision criteria; ` Alternatives and contingency plans; and, ` Action plans based on study results.

QA/QC for the artificial substrate sampling procedure included the collection of SCUBA diver-assisted hand samples to verify the representativeness of artificial substrates relative to macroinvertebrate populations within the existing substrate. A SCUBA diver scraped two 1-m2 quadrats at each of Sites 2, 3, and 4 with a brush and hand while collecting all displaced materials into a 250 m mesh net. These three samples were composited as one sample, preserved, and submitted to the laboratory for analysis.

QA/QC for sample processing involved the following basic elements:

• Procedures used for handling, sorting, subsampling, preserving, identifying, and storing samples met or exceeded guidelines established by federal and state agencies (Plotnikoff and White 1996; Plotnikoff and Ehinger 1997). Field and laboratory procedures employed by Duke Engineering and Services, R.L. & L. Environmental Services Ltd., and their sub-consultants, were developed using guidance from regulatory agencies.

• Sorting and re-sorting (e.g., separating benthic invertebrates from organic and inorganic debris) were carried out by trained personnel using a microscope and appropriate procedures.

• Taxonomic identifications were performed by EcoAnalysts, Inc.

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2.1.4 Data Analysis Benthic macroinvertebrate samples (artificial substrates and Ekman dredge samples only) were analyzed to determine the abundance of organisms (density = number/sample), number of taxa, and measures of community composition (including several indices). Emergent adult aquatic macroinvertebrates and terrestrial animals were excluded from data analyses.

Biotic indices can be used as an indication of pollution-related factors or the overall quality of habitat that is reflected by the benthic macroinvertebrate community structure. Benthic communities with a high biotic index are generally considered to represent less polluted habitats than communities with low diversity index values. The use, applicability, and interpretation of diversity, similarity, and biotic indices has been debated or challenged in the scientific literature (e.g., Green 1979; Norris and Georges 1993; Rosenberg and Resh 1993; Resh and Jackson 1993). In general, the assumptions on which many indices are based are rather tenuous, not generally applicable, or are in need of substantiation (Green 1979; Norris and Georges 1993). Furthermore, the condensation of data to obtain indices is difficult to associate with physical and chemical properties of water, making such correlation tenuous (Washington 1984; Norris and Georges 1993). It is recommended that diversity, similarity, and biotic indices be used with caution and their numbers should be interpreted in light of other biological evidence (Norris and Georges 1993). In the present report, the Benthic Index of Biotic Integrity (B-IBI) was calculated to provide a “preliminary indication” of the status of the benthic macroinvertebrate communities within the Rocky Reach Project study area and to provide a description of baseline conditions such that subsequent studies can assess results. Ratings of the B-IBI were developed for small headwater streams and not large systems such as the Columbia River. We present the index here (Table 2-1) because it is a format familiar to Washington Department of Ecology (WDOE) and there is no reliable, tested index available for lakes and reservoirs. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA 1998) says that while similar bioassessment metrics are utilized, most metric scores are lower in lakes or reservoirs than in rivers, even without a human- induced pollutants. B-IBI scores of 33 or more indicates a "good" biological community (natural conditions indicated), scores between 21 and 33 suggest a "fair" biological community (slight impairment), and scores less than 21 are considered "poor" biological communities (obvious impairment of conditions) - these numbers are for rivers and should be reduced somewhat for reservoirs, e.g., 25 may represent a “good” community in a reservoir, while it represents merely a “fair” community in a river.

Table 2-1: Biometrics used to construct the B-IBI score. Predicted Score* Change to metric Biometric Response 135threshold suggested for Biometric Range reservoirs Total Number of Decrease indicates <10 10-20 >20 reduced Taxa degradation Number of Decrease indicates <3 3-5.5 >5.5 reduced Ephemeroptera degradation Taxa Number of Decrease indicates <3 3.-5.5 >5.5 reduced Plecoptera Taxa degradation

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Predicted Score* Change to metric Biometric Response 135threshold suggested for Biometric Range reservoirs Number of Decrease indicates <2 2-4.5 >4.5 Trichoperta Taxa degradation Number of Long- Decrease indicates <0.5 0.5-2 >2 Lived Taxa degradation Number of Decrease indicates <0.5 0.5-2 >2 reduced Intolerant Taxa degradation % of Individuals Increase indicates >50 20-50 <20 in Tolerant Taxa degradation % of Predator Decrease indicates <5 5-10 >10 Individuals degradation % Dominance (2 Increase indicates >75 50-75 <50 elevated or 3 taxa) degradation * The summation of values for each of the nine scoring categories yields the total B-IBI score.

2.2 Drift A drift study was conducted in September and October of 1999. Three 500 micron drift nets were deployed for one to two hours during periods of daylight (10:00-12:00) and darkness (22:00-24:00) (Plate 8). A velocity and depth measurement was taken at the 0.35 m 2 opening of each drift net when it was initially deployed (T=0 hrs) and just before they were removed from the channel (T≅2 hrs). The velocity and depth data allowed drift density to be quantified as number of organisms/100 m3 of water. Organisms captured in the three nets were composited into one sample to represent the daylight or darkness sampling period. In the field the macroinvertebrate samples were concentrated by rinsing the contents through a 500-µm mesh screen and removing larger organic debris such as leaves and twigs. All samples were preserved in 70% ethanol.

Laboratory analysis and taxonomic identification were performed as stated in Section 2.1.2.

2.3 Molluscs In November 1999, a separate and unique study was conducted to assess the mollusc population of Rocky Reach Reservoir. Initially, preferred habitat types for gastropods and mussels were identified based on a literature review. Twelve sites were chosen within the Project boundaries ranging from Turtle Rock to the Wells Dam tailrace, and included the mouths of the Chelan and Entiat Rivers (Appendix B, Figure 2-1). SCUBA divers surveyed using a time-duration methodology (≥ 30 minutes) and a search along a 40m x 1m transect parallel to the shoreline (Furnish et al., 1997). The depth of the water surveyed ranged from 2 to 45 ft. Divers hand collected 5-10 specimens of each apparent species present. Additionally, an analyst conducted a view box survey and sampling in wadeable habitats. Aquatic macrophytes were sampled and searched for the presence of gastropods when macrophytes were common. Notes for each sample included water temperature at time of collection; depth, velocity and substrate character at point of sample; plant species (if sample was found on vegetation); and site location. All molluscs collected were stored in 70% ethanol for later laboratory analysis.

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All of the collected mollusc specimens were identified to the species level by Dr. Terrence J. Frest of Deixis Consultants, Seattle, Washington. Dr. Frest is the leading local authority studying molluscs populations and was eminently qualified to carry out reliable taxonomic identification.

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Benthic Survey

SECTION 3: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

3.1 Benthic Macroinvertebrates

3.1.1 Physical Characteristics of the Sampling Sites Discharge data for 1999 was retrieved from a USGS station on the Columbia River at Rocky Reach Dam (USGS Gage No. 12453700). In 1999, the discharge of the Columbia River from Rocky Reach Dam was generally higher than the long-term mean (1980-1998) (Figure 3.1). Also, several water quality constituents were measured among the sampling sites during deployment and retrieval of the artificial substrates (Appendix A, Table A2). In general, water temperatures were approximately 18 C during deployment and 16 C during retrieval. However, Site 8 (Rocky Reach Dam tailrace) had a lower water temperature (14.4 C) than all the remaining study sites during the October 1999 field session. Dissolved oxygen concentrations ranged from 8.5 to 10.4 mg/L, conductivity ranged between 116 and 140 S, and the waters were slightly alkaline (pH of 7.7 to 8.2). Table 3-1 puts these values in context by showing the water quality standards for Class A (“excellent”) surface waters in Washington State (WAC 173-201A), and values from studies of the Box Canyon run-of-the river project on the Pend Oreille River, and a reservoir on the Lower Clark Fork River in western Montana.

Water velocities, water depths, and substrate composition varied considerably among the eight sampling sites (Appendix A, Table A2). The variability in habitat features among the study sites was a reflection of purposely selecting different habitats (Table 3-2). Site 1 (Beebe, right upstream bank) was a low velocity, sheltered side water area that contained silts and sand overlaying hard substrates. Site 2 (Beebe, left upstream bank) was a low velocity run featuring large substrates. Site 3 (Stayman) was a moderate velocity, large substrate, run. Site 4 (Goosetail Rock) was a canyon habitat that featured bedrock substrates and moderate water velocities. Sites 5, 6, and 7 (Daroga State Park, Entiat delta, Lincoln Rock State Park, respectively) were soft substrate, lentic habitats; however, Site 6 featured shallower water depths and predominantly sand substrates. Site 8 (Rocky Reach Dam tailrace) was a swift flowing run with a wide variety of stony substrates.

Table 3-1: Comparison of water quality parameters at selected locations. Site Temperature Dissolved Oxygen Conductivity PH Class A not to exceed >8.0 mg/L no state standard 6.5 - 8.5 (excellent) 18°C waters Project Area 14.4-18°C 8.5-10.4 mg/L 116 - 140 cS 7.7 - 8.2 Lower Clark 12.4-27.0°C 3.8-9.8 mg/L 21.9 - 250 cS 8.8 - 9.1 Fork* Pend Oreille 14.0-15.2°C 8.3-9.5mg/L 112 - 125 cS (Oct) 7.3 - 8.1 River ** * Washington Water Power Company 1995 ** Falter et al. 1991

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Table 3-2: Habitat features of the Rocky Reach Project benthic sampling sites, 1999.

Site No.a Site Water Water Habitat Description Velocityb Depth (m/s) (m) 1 Beebe, right < 0.10 1.5 to 2.0 Armoured, stable banks. Sheltered side water upstream bank area. Abundant vegetation and soft, fine substrate overtop gravel/cobble. 2 Beebe, left 0.05 to 2.0 to 2.5 Erosional habitat with armoured, stable banks. 0.22 Slow flowing run habitat. Large boulder upstream bank substrate. 3 Stayman 0.30 to 2.5 to 3.0 Erosional habitat with armoured, stable banks. 0.45 Moderate flowing run habitat. Medium to large sized substrates intermixed with aquatic vegetation. 4 Goosetail Rock 0.20 to 2.5 to 3.0 Canyon habitat (valley walls forming banks). 0.32 Moderate water velocities. Bedrock banks. 5 Daroga State nil 3.2 to 4.8 Depositional lake habitat. Soft substrates Park among aquatic vegetation. Open littoral zone. 6 Entiat Delta nil 1.0 to 1.5 Depositional delta habitat. Shallow water depths. Extensive sand flat underneath thin algal mat. 7 Lincoln Rock nil 3.5 to 5.0 Depositional lake habitat. Soft substrate State Park among aquatic vegetation. Small bay of reservoir. 8 Rocky Reach 0.58 to 2.0 to 2.5 Swift flowing run. Erosional habitat, stable Dam tailrace 1.22 armoured banks (predominately cobble). Some aquatic vegetation. a Sites 5, 6, and 7 were sampled with an Ekman dredge (15×15×15 cm); all other sites were sampled with artificial substrates (15×15×15 cm). bSample depth range.

3.1.2 Field Quality Assurance and Quality Control The majority of the benthic samples were collected with the use of artificial substrates. To evaluate the efficacy of this sampling method, SCUBA-assisted samples (two 1-m2 quadrats from Sites 2, 3, and 4) were collected from the surrounding natural substrates among which the artificial substrates were placed (Appendix A, Table A3). This was done to assess whether or not the artificial substrates provided biased results. The only taxon that was within the QA/QC sample and not among the artificial substrate samples (Appendix A, Tables A4 and A5) was Corixidae (water boatmen). This may have been due to the timing of sample collections. The QA/QC samples were collected on 12 November, one month following the collection of the artificial substrate samples. At this time of the year, water boatmen migrate from small, temporary habitats (e.g., ponds) to overwintering sites (e.g., the Columbia River) (Jansson and Scudder 1974; Pennak 1978; Merritt and Cummins 1996).

Considering that the QA/QC sample consisted of a large sample area (up to 6 m2), the artificial substrates tended to outperform the SCUBA-assisted, QA/QC sample. The QA/QC sample

Rocky Reach Project No. 2145 Draft Study Report SS/2539 Page 12 November 17, 2000 Benthic Survey contained 18 taxonomic groups and a total of 502 invertebrates (mean of 167/m2). Overall, the artificial substrate samples collected a greater variety of benthic macroinvertebrates (total of 52 taxonomic groups, ranging between 12 and 28 per sample) and greater numbers (108 to 1044 invertebrates per 0.15 m3 sample). In summary, the benthic macroinvertebrate communities in the Rocky Reach Project area, as collected with artificial substrates, can be considered to be representative of the benthic fauna on natural substrates. Furthermore, the use of artificial substrates is a more cost-efficient method of collecting benthic macroinvertebrates than SCUBA-assisted sampling.

3.1.3 General Description of the Benthic Fauna Seventy-two different taxonomic groups were encountered among all the benthic macroinvertebrate samples collected from the Rocky Reach Project area (Appendix A, Tables A4 and A5). Mean number of taxa among the eight sampling sites ranged between 9.0 taxa/sample at Site 6 (Entiat Delta) and 24 taxa/sample at Site 1 (Beebe, right upstream bank) (Table 3.3). Mean densities ranged from 20 invertebrates/sample at Site 6 (Entiat Delta) to 633 invertebrates/sample at Site 1(Beebe, right upstream bank). Differences in the number of taxa and mean abundance among the sample sites reflect habitat conditions. For example, the Entiat River delta (Site 6) was shallow (mean water depth of 1.2 m), had no flowing water (lentic habitat), and featured predominately sand substrates. Site 1 (Beebe, right upstream bank) featured moderate water depths (1.8 m), had some flowing water (less than 0.10 m3/s), and a diverse range of substrate particle sizes among patches of aquatic plants. Habitat diversity, as reflected by different substrate sizes and packing, macrophyte frequency and distribution, water depth and velocity variability, is an important factor generally increasing the number of taxa, (i.e., the more diverse the proximal habitat, the more taxa likely).

Benthic macroinvertebrate biometrics were calculated for the replicate samples at each site (Table 3-3; Appendix A, Table A6) as recommended by Karr and Chu (1997), Plotnikoff (1998), and Merritt et al. (1999). Although these biometrics have been developed to assess various anthropogenic disturbances, differences in biometric ranges from each site in the present study represent biological responses with natural physical and chemical characteristics (i.e., habitat features outlined in Table 3-2 and Appendix A, Tables A1 and A2). For example, Site 6 was the shallowest site, predominately sandy, contained no aquatic plants and has an B-IBI of 16. In addition, this site also had the lowest mean number of taxonomic groups and lowest mean density. Conversely, Site 7 was moderately deep, contained soft substrates other than sand, and had considerable amounts of aquatic vegetation, resulting in an increased B-IBI of 25. Site 1 (Beebe, right upstream bank), which had the highest number of taxonomic groups and the highest mean density, had the second highest B-IBI score of 23.0 - this site featured moderate water depths, a wide variety of substrate particle sizes, low water velocities, and an abundance of aquatic plants.

The autumn benthic macroinvertebrate community of the Rocky Reach Project study area was dominated by Chironomidae (midges), Trichoptera (caddisflies), Isopoda (sow bugs), Bivalvia (clams and mussels), Gastropoda (snails), Amphipoda (scuds), Acari (water mites), and Oligochaeta (bristle worms). Combined, these taxa contributed 95% to the total number of animals in the samples collected. Overall, midge larvae were the most prevalent of taxa, accounting between 21 and 92% of the animals at a given site (Figure 3.2). Indeed, midges were

Draft Study Report Rocky Reach Project No. 2145 November 17, 2000 Page 13 SS/2539 Benthic Survey the most abundant major taxon among all the sampling sites, contributing greater than 50% to total numbers, except for Site 1 (Beebe, right upstream bank). Site 1 contained a good mixture of midges (21.1%), sow bugs (29.6%), snails (22.8%), scuds (15.5%), and other taxa.

Caddisflies were well represented at Site 2 (Beebe, left upstream bank), and Site 8 (Rocky Reach Dam tailrace). Daroga State Park (Site 5) had a considerable number of sow bugs (13.9%). As discussed above, differences in the benthic macroinvertebrate community composition among the eight sample sites are most likely due to differences in habitat characteristics.

Table 3-3: Mean (n=3) number of taxonomic groups, density, and the B-IBI biotic index among the Rocky Reach Project benthic sampling sites, 1999. Site No. Sitea Mean Number of Mean Density Mean B-IBI Taxa (no. per sample) Scoreb (no. per sample) 1 Beebe, right upstream bank 23.7 633.3 23.0 2 Beebe, left upstream bank 13.7 391.1 19.0 3 Stayman 17.0 240.2 21.0 4 Goosetail Rock 15.3 333.5 19.6 5 Daroga State Park 18.7 213.4 21.6 6 Entiat Delta 9.0 20.0 16.3 7 Lincoln Rock State Park 22.0 411.5 25.0 8 Rocky Reach Dam tailrace 13.3 556.3 17.0 aSites 5, 6, and 7 were sampled with an Ekman dredge (15×15×15 cm); all other sites were sampled with artificial substrates (15×15×15 cm). bB-IBI scores: (see Section 2.1.4 for details).

3.2 Drift Results of the drift study on the Entiat River showed that dipterans from the family Chironomidae were the dominant taxa present during the daytime sampling periods (56-87 % of the total taxa present), while mayflies from the family Baetidae were most abundant during the evening drift samples (Table 3-4, Appendix B). Also, when compared to the daytime samples, drift densities were approximately 10 times greater in the evening.

In the Chelan River, organisms of terrestrial origin dominated the daytime samples (32%), while Chironomids composed a majority of the evening samples (41%) for the September sampling period. In October, both the daytime and evening samples were mainly composed (92% and 81% respectively) of organisms from the Order Hydroida, a freshwater relative of the jellyfish. In general, drift densities in the Chelan River varied substantially between months, but there were only subtle differences within the same day. (Table 3-4, Appendix B). In addition to the larger invertebrate organisms (e.g. mayflies, midges, etc.) collected, zooplankton taxa were also detected in the drift samples from the Chelan River although they were not being targeted for sampling. Table 3-5 provides the Order level taxonomy and sample volumes of the zooplanktons

Rocky Reach Project No. 2145 Draft Study Report SS/2539 Page 14 November 17, 2000 Benthic Survey collected. Cladocerans comprised a majority of the drift samples during daylight hours, while copepods dominated at night. Despite the major shifts in zooplankton taxa composition during day or night, it appears that the density remains relatively constant throughout the day and between months. No zooplankton were found in the Entiat River.

In the Entiat river there was a lack of stoneflies (Plecoptera) and caddisflies (Trichoptera) in the drift samples (Appendix B). Trout species consume a wide range of organisms, but there is usually a dietary segregation of juvenile and adult species (Moyle and Cech 1996). Juveniles will consume large numbers of small mayfly nymphs (e.g. Baetidae), while adults prefer large stoneflies and caddisflies. Therefore, the drifting organisms from the Entiat River may favor juvenile salmonid species. However, fish species will adapt to prey availability and begin to consume less preferred food items as preferred food types decline in abundance (Wootton 1990).

In the Chelan River, zooplanktivorous fish such as suckers, mountain whitefish, bass fry, and the juvenile stages of walleye, yellow perch, sockeye salmon, coho salmon, and brook trout (Wydoski and Whitney 1979) would benefit from the drift of the Chelan River. All of the fish taxa mentioned are known or thought to occur in the Rocky Reach Reservoir (Chelan PUD 1999). However, it appears that Hydras would not be utilized by drift feeding fish species. Pennak (1989) points out that there are very few predators of Hydra, and no predators described are fish species. The paralyzing secretion emitted from the nematocysts of Hydra species function to aid in capturing prey as well as providing protection from predators with its unpalatable flavor. Therefore, based on the relatively short time period sampled, there is very little food available to fish species in the form of drift during the month of October.

Table 3-4: Dominant taxon, percent composition and drift density found in the Chelan and Entiat River during four sampling periods. River Month/ Dominant taxon Percent Drift density Period Composition (#/100m3 water) Chelan Sept Day Terrestrial origin 32 19 Chelan Sept Evening Family Chironomidae 41 78 Entiat Sept Day Family Chironomidae 56 166 Entiat Sept Evening Family Baetidae 47 1092 Chelan Oct Day Order Hydroida 92 417 Chelan Oct Evening Order Hydroida 81 504 Entiat Oct Day Family Chironomidae 87 265 Entiat Oct Evening Family Baetidae 47 1092

Table 3-5: Chelan River zooplankton. Sample Period Zooplankton Volume Taxa Present (mL/100 m3) Sept Day 5 90% Cladocera, 10% Copepoda Sept Eve 8 5% Cladocera, 95% Copepoda Oct Day 8 98% Cladocera, 2% Copepoda Oct Eve 7 60% Cladocera, 40% Copepoda

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3.3 Molluscs Three species of bivalves and five species of gastropods were found within the Project Area:

Bivalves Anodonta kennerlyi Anodonta oregonensis Corbicula fluminea

Gastropods Radix auricularia Fossaria (B.) bulimoides cockerelli Stagnicola (Hinkleyia) caperata Stagnicola (S.) traski Physella (Physella) propinqua nuttalli

Bivalves were seen at every site except the Wells Dam Tailrace (Site 1), and gastropods were found at seven of the twelve surveyed sites (Appendix C). None of the Washington State Priority or Candidate Species were encountered. A summary of the habitat conditions and sampling durations and depths are included for each site in Appendix C. A variety of habitats was sampled within the Project area, but only within impounded waters.

A.kennerlyi and A.oregonensis are members of the Unionacea subfamily. Unionaceans are generally most successful in stable, coarse sand or sand-gravel mixtures and are generally absent where heavy silt loads exist. Unionaceans also prefer water velocities that are low enough to allow sediment stability but high enough to prevent siltation (McMahon 1991). Conversely, C. fluminea, an introduced freshwater Asiatic clam, has a fairly broad sediment range of sediment preferences and can tolerate moderate siltation. However, its optimal habitat is well- oxygenated fine sands or gravel-sand mixtures. Because of its adaptability, C. fluminea has been able to invade a wide variety of North American drainage systems. C. fluminea successfully colonizes unstable substrates from which unionaceans are excluded (McMahon 1991).

The gastropods found in the Project area are from the subclass Pulmonata (freshwater snails). Three species Stagnicola (Hinkleyia) caperata, Radix auricularia, and Fossaria (B.) bulimoides cockerelli are of the family Lymnaeidae (algivore) and one species Physella (Physellas) propinqua nuttalli is of the family Physidae (detritivore or bacterial feeder). The aquatic pulmonates have a terrestrial origin and have retained a high tolerance of prolonged aerial exposure and are adaptive in shallow, eutrophic microenvironments where exposure to air, dessiccation, and hypoxic conditions can be frequent (McMahon, 1983).

Although no candidate species were detected, they still may occur in the Rocky Reach Reservoir. One possible cause for the non-detection of Washington State candidate species may be a lack of optimal habitat. Fluminicola is largely extirpated from its historical range owning to human- related activities as they are intolerant of impounded and nutrient-enriched waters (Hershler and

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Frest 1996). Fluminicola species are rare aquatic snails that are dependent upon high concentrations of dissolved oxygen (Furnish, et al. 1997). In the Rocky Reach reservoir, dissolved oxygen concentrations varied between 8.7 and 10.2 mg/L during the expected low DO concentration period. This concentration is well within the 8-9.5 mg/L recommended for early life stages of sensitive species (EPA 1998). Despite the lack of extensive measurements, the data indicate that threshold values are not being approached. Although dissolved oxygen may become somewhat depleted at depth, our data suggest that the Reservoir is neither eutrophic nor anoxic.

The mouths of the Entiat and Chelan Rivers were checked for candidate species, since this habitat would be ideal for the California floater (Anodonta californiensis) (Larson et al. 1995). However, none were found. The habitat for the snails (Fisherola nuttalli and Fluminicola fuscus) is largely unavailable as substrate in the Entiat River is not particularly stable and is most likely too fine. The Chelan River adjacent to the reservoir is not habitat in which the snails are likely to occur.

Draft Study Report Rocky Reach Project No. 2145 November 17, 2000 Page 17 SS/2539 11000

9000 Maximum 1980-1998

Artificial 7000 Substrate Sampling /s

3 Period

1999 5000 Discharge m

3000 Mean 1980-1998

Minimum 1980-1998 1000

0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Figure 3.1 Daily discharge of the Columbia River at the Rocky Reach Dam (U.S. Geological Survey Station Code 12453700). 150

1996 Daily Discharge (15 Mar - 31 Dec) 1997 Daily Discharge 1998 Daily Discharge 120 1999 Daily Discharge (1 Jan - 30 Sep)

/s 90 3

Discharge m 60

30

0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Figure 3.2 Daily discharge of the Entiat River near the Town of Entiat (U.S. Geological Survey Station Code 12452990). 500

400

/s 300 3 Maximum 1980-1998

Discharge m 200

1999

100

Mean 1980-1998 Minimum 1980-1998 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Figure 3.3 Daily discharge of the Chelan River at the Town of Chelan (U.S. Geological Survey Station Code 12452500). Benthic Survey

Site1 - Beebe Right Upstream Bank (artificial substrate) Site2 - Beebe Left Upstream Bank (artificial substrate)

Acari Other Other Acari 1% 2% 2% 3% Chironomidae Trichoptera Amphipoda 21% 46% 15%

Trichoptera 3%

Chironomidae 51%

Gastropoda 23% Isopoda 31% Bivalvia 2% Site3 - Stayman (artificial substrate)

Oligochaeta 1% Acari Other Gastropoda 1% 2% 7%

Trichoptera 5%

Chironomidae 84%

Figure 3-2: Percent total abundance attributable to different taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates collected from the Rocky Reach Project area, 1999.

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Site 4 - Goosetail Rock (artificial substrate) Site 8 - Rocky Reach Dam Tailrace (artificial substrate)

Gastropoda Acari Acari Other 3% 5% 1% 1% Trichoptera Trichoptera 17% 3%

Chironomidae 89% Chironomidae 81%

Figure 3-2: (Continued) Percent total abundance attributable to different taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates collected from the Rocky Reach Project area, 1999.

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Site 6 - Entiat River Delta (Ekman dredge)

Oligochaeta 3% Other Bivalvia 2% Trichoptera 2% 2%

Chironomidae 91%

Site 7 - East of Lincoln Rock State Park (Ekman dredge)

Acari Oligochaeta Other 1% 3% Amphipoda 3% 3% Gastropoda 2% Bivalvia 7%

Isopoda 9%

Chironomidae 72%

Figure 3-2: (Continued) Percent total abundance attributable to different taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates collected from the Rocky Reach Project area, 1999.

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SECTION 4: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

4.1 Benthic Macroinvertebrates Differences in the macroinvertebrate community reflect different habitats. The species found with the artificial substrates and Ekman dredge samplers show taxa that dominate are primarily associated with lentic (standing water) environments. Many biotic indices are developed for flowing rivers and, as such, are not particularly good indicators of the health of a reservoir. We provide the indices as a reflection of differences between habitats, rather than a reflection of “good” or “poor” conditions. Generally, the more diverse the habitat (e.g., local differences in substrate size, water depth, velocity, and macrophytes), the more taxa, the higher density, and a wider variety of major taxonomic groups. In terms of density, midges, caddisflies, sow bugs, clams and mussels, and scuds accounted for most of the benthic invertebrates collected. These organisms typically are important sources of food for fish (Wydoski and Whitney 1979). Each study site tended to be unique with regard to number of taxonomic groups, total number of invertebrates and the relative contribution of dominant taxa (percent composition), largely owing to the variability of habitats.

4.2 Drift The food resources entering the Rocky Reach Reservoir from its two major tributaries are quite different. Drift data suggest that the lentic/lotic boundary is important in species composition. The Entiat river provides the types of drift organisms expected from lotic systems (e.g. mayflies and midges), while the presence of hydras and zooplankton in the Chelan River drift samples are typically found in lakes (lentic systems). The zooplankton source is likely derived from Lake Chelan. Overall, salmonid species, which typically feed on aquatic insect larvae, would find more available prey species at the mouth of the Entiat River; whereas zooplanktivorous fish species would find prey near the mouth of the Chelan River. The drift study was not designed to capture zooplankton. Therefore, the volumes captured in the Chelan River may not be accurate and we do not know how the zooplankton volume from the Chelan River compares to the zooplankton density within the Rocky Reach Reservoir.

The drift study also showed that night sampling is much more effective for identifying species present as there was an order of magnitude greater number of organisms found at night than during the day. This is likely an adaptive mechanism of the organisms as trout are visual feeders and the prey moving about at night to forage for their own food makes evolutionary sense.

4.3 Molluscs The mollusc species found were dominated by an introduced Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea), a species that is highly adaptive to a wide range of conditions. No State Candidate species were found. This could be because the habitat types they prefer are not found within the project area, or because they have been extirpated over the past 100 years as suggested by Herschler and Frest (1996). The Project area is not an oligotrophic river with stable substrate – the habitat preferred by the State Candidate species. The species of Mollusca which are found in the Project area are tolerant of conditions found within the influence of the reservoir. Silt loads are not particularly

Draft Study Report Rocky Reach Project No. 2145 November 17, 2000 Page 25 SS/2539 Benthic Survey high, substrates are stable (with the exception of sediment at the mouth of the Entiat River), and dissolved oxygen is adequate for most aquatic species.

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SECTION 5: LITERATURE CITED

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APHA (American Public Health Association). 1992. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 18th edition. APHA, American Water Works Association, and Water Pollution Control Federation.

Chelan County Public Utility District No. 1. 1999. Initial consultation document for the relicensing of the Rocky Reach hydroelectric project, No. 2145. Chelan County Public Utility District, Wenatchee, Washington. 471 p.

Chelan County Public Utility District No. 1. 1991. Rocky Reach hydroelectric project. Chelan County Public Utility District, Wenatchee, Washington. 18 p

Crossman, J.S., and J. Cairns, Jr. 1974. A comparative study between two different artificial substrate samplers and regular sampling techniques. Hydrobiologia 44(4): 517-522.

EPA. 1998. Lake and reservoir bioassessment and biocriteria. Technical guidance document. Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watershed. EAP 841-B-98-007.

Falter, C.Michael, C.Baines, J.W.Carlson. 1991. Water quality, fish and wildlife characteristics of Box Canyon Reservoir, Washington. Section 2: Water quality. Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources College of Forestry, Wildlife, and Range Sciences. University of Idaho. 204 pp.

Furnish, J., R.Monthey, J.Applegarth. 1997. Survey protocol for aquatic mollusc species from the Northwest Forest Plan Version 2.0. USDA Forest Service and USDI Bureau of Land Management Instruction Memorandum No. OR-98-097. 61 pages.

Green, R.H. 1979. Sampling design and statistical methods for environmental biologists. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY. 257 p.

Hall, J.T. 1982. Colonizing macroinvertebrates in the Upper Mississippi River with a comparison of basket and multiple samplers. Freshwater Biology 12: 211-215.

Hershler, R. and T.J.Frest. 1996. A review of the North American freshwater snail genus Fluminocola (Hydrobiidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology No. 583.

Jansson, A., and G.G.E. Scudder. 1974. The life cycle and sexual development of Cenocorixa species (Hemiptera, Corixidae) in the Pacific Northwest of North America. Freshwater Biology 4: 773-92.

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Karr, J.R., and E.W. Chu. 1997. Biological monitoring and assessment using multimetric indexes effectively. EPA235-R97-001. University of Washington, Seattle.

Larson, E., E. Rodrick, R. Milner. 1995. Management recommendations for Washington’s Priority Species Volume I: Invertebrates. Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. 34 pages.

McMahon, Robert F. 1983. 9. Physiological ecology freshwater pulmonates. IN: The Mollusca Volume 6 Ecology. W.D. Russell-Hunter ed. Academic Press, Inc. 695 p.

McMahon, Robert F. 1991. Mollusca: Bivalvia. Pp. 315-399. IN: Ecology and Classification of North American Freshwater Invertebrates. 911 pages.

Mason, W.T., Jr., J.B Anderson, and G.E. Morrison. 1967. A limestone-filled, artificial substrate sampler-float unit for collecting macroinvertebrates in large streams. Progressive Fish-Culturist 29: 74.

Merritt, R.W., and K.W. Cummins (Editors). 1996. An introduction to the aquatic insects of North America. 3rd edition. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, IW. 862 p.

Merritt, G.D., B. Dickes, and J.S. White. 1999. Biological assessment of small streams in the Coast Range Ecoregion and the Yakima River basin. Washington State Department of Ecology, Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program, Olympia, Washington. Publication No. 99-302. 59 p. + 14 app

Moyle, P.B. and J.J.Cech, Jr. 1996. Fishes An Introduction to Ichthyology. Prentice Hall, NJ. 590 pages.

Mullan, J.W. 1986. Some factors affecting fish production in the mid-Columbia River, 1934- 1983. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Report No. FRI/FAO-86-15. 69 p.

Norris, R.H., and A. Georges. 1993. Analysis and interpretation of benthic macroinvertebrate surveys. Pages 234-286 in D.M. Rosenberg and V.H. Resh, editors. Freshwater biomonitoring and benthic macroinvertebrates. Routledge, Chapman & Hall, Inc., New York, New York, USA.

Pennak, R.W. 1978. Freshwater invertebrates of the United States. 2nd edition. J.Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY. 803 p.

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Ecology, Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program, Olympia, Washington. Publication No. 98-334. 37 p. + 5 app.

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APPENDIX A: BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE DATA

Table A1 Location of the benthic macroinvertebrate sample sites established in the Rocky Reach Project area, 1999.

Latitude and Universal Transverse a a Site Assigned Name Description Longitude Mercator Coordinates North West Easting Northing

1 Beebe, Right Upstream Bank Artificial substrates. Approximately 4.5 km upstream of Beebe Bridge. Back-water area, low water 47° 50' 26" 119° 57' 34" 11T 278562 5302601 velocities. High amounts of aquatic vegetation. Compact substrate under 2 to 10 cm of silt/sand.

2 Beebe, Left Upstream Bank Artificial substrates. Approximately 4.5 km upstream of Beebe Bridge. Moderate to swift water 47° 50' 26" 119° 57' 50" 11T 278230 5302614 velocities. Armoured rip/rap bank. Large boulder substrates.

3 Stayman Artificial substrates. Left upstream bank. Approximately 10 km downstream of Beebe Bridge. 47° 45' 53" 120° 05' 07" 10T 718410 5294047 Low to moderate water velocities. Aquatic vegetation among small boulders.

4 Goosetail Rock Artificial substrates. Left upstream bank. Approximatly 16.5 km downstream of Beebe Bridge. 47° 46' 16" 120° 09' 18" 10T 713159 5294562 Reservior constriction provides low water velocities. Predominately bedrock substrate. Canyon habitat.

5 Daroga State Park Ekman dredges. Right upstream bank. Soft substrates. Large amounts of aquatic vegetation. 47° 42' 30" 120° 12' 06" 10T 709915 5287458 Lentic habitat. Samples were of brown colored clay and silt with little vegetation.

6 Entiat Delta Ekman dredges. Left upstream bank. Delta flats of Entiat River. Predominately sand substrate covered 47° 39' 55" 120° 13' 10" 10T 708754 5282626 with film of algae and small aquatic vegetation. Shallow lentic habitat. Samples consisted of sand.

7 East of Lincoln Rock Ekman dredges. Right upstream bank. Small bay opposite south side of Turtle Rock Island. Soft 47° 32' 45" 120° 15' 50" 10T 705886 5269233 Sate Park substrates among aquatic vegetation. Lentic habitat. Samples consisted of brown silt and vegetation.

8 Rocky Reach Dam Tailrace Artificial substrates. Approximately 2.5 km downstream of Rocky Reach Dam. Right upstream bank. 47° 29' 35" 120° 18' 27" 10T 702808 5263253 Moderate to swift water velocities. Small boulder, cobble, pebble substrate with some vegetation. a Measured with a TrimbleTM global positioning system unit. Table A2 Physical characteristics among the benthic macroinvertebrate sampling sites in the Rocky Reach Project area, 1999.

b c Temperature Dissolved Oxygen Conductivity pH Mean Water Mean Water Depth Mean Substrate Composition a b Site (°C) (mg/L) (µS) (units) Velocity (m/s) (m) (%) 15-17 Sep 19-21 Oct 15-17 Sep 19-21 Oct 15-17 Sep 19-21 Oct 15-17 Sep 19-21 Oct 15-17 Sep 19-21 Oct 15-17 Sep 19-21 Oct Si Sa Sg Lg Co Bo/Bd

1 18.0 16.1 9.0 9.8 119 120 7.9 8.2 <0.05 0.08 1.65 1.75 30 20 20 20 10 0 2 18.0 15.7 9.0 9.8 119 120 7.9 8.2 0.05 0.15 2.20 2.20 0 0 0 10 20 70 3 18.3 15.9 8.5 9.6 117 140 8.0 8.2 0.36 0.38 2.75 2.80 5 5 5 10 25 50 4 18.2 16.1 8.7 9.5 116 130 8.0 8.0 0.24 0.26 2.75 2.80 0 0 0 0 5 95 5 n.a. 15.9 n.a. 10.2 n.a. 140 n.a. 8.2 n.a. 0.00 n.a. 4.00 100 0 0 0 0 0 6 n.a. 15.8 n.a. 9.6 n.a. 140 n.a. 8.0 n.a. 0.00 n.a. 1.20 10 90 0 0 0 0 7 n.a. 15.8 n.a. 9.5 n.a. 140 n.a. 8.0 n.a. 0.00 n.a. 4.00 100 0 0 0 0 0 8 18.1 14.4 9.4 10.4 117 120 7.8 7.7 0.66 0.90 2.29 2.30 5 5 15 15 40 20 a See Table A1 for site location and descriptions. b Surface velocity and water depth were recorded at a minimum of three locations along the length of the set line attached to the artificial substrates. c A visual estimate of the substrate among which the artificial samplers were placed. Codes: Si=silt (<0.1 mm diameter); Sa=sand (0.1-2.0 mm diamter); Sg=small gravel (2-16 mm diameter); Lg= large gravel (16-64 mm diameter); Co=cobble (64-256 mm diameter); Bo/Bd=boulder/bedrock (>256 mm diameter). Note: n.a. = not applicable. Table A3 SCUB-collected benthic macroinvertebrates from the Rocky Reach Project area, 12 November 1999. These data are a composite of 1-m 2 quadrats - two quadrats from each of sites 1, 3, and 4.

Taxonomic Number Percent Group Encountered Composition Hemiptera Corixidae 8 1.59 Chironomidae Cricotopus sp. 60 11.95 Dicrotendipes sp. 192 38.25 Orthocladius Complex 20.40 Paratanytarsus sp. 82 16.33 Trichoptera Hydropsyche sp. 20.40 Hydroptila sp. 40 7.97 Mystacides sp. 81.59 Lepidoptera Petrophila sp. 20.40 Oligochaeta Oligochaeta 28 5.58 Bivalvia Sphaeriidae 4 0.80 Gastropoda Fossaria sp. 61.20 Gyraulus (Gyraulus) parvus 28 5.58 Menetus opercularis 20.40 Amphipoda Crangonyx sp. 20.40 Hyalella azteca 10 1.99 Isopoda Caecidotea sp. 14 2.79 Acari Acari 12 2.39 Number of Taxa Collected 18 -- Total 502 100 Table A4 Benthic macoinvertebrates collected from the Rocky Reach Study Area, 19 through 21 October 1999. Samples were collected with artificial substrates. Taxonomic Site 1 - Beebe Right Upstream Bank Site 2 - Beebe Left Upstream Bank Site 3 - Stayman Group Rep. #1 Rep. #2 Rep. #3 Mean S.E. Rep. #1 Rep. #2 Rep. #3 Mean S.E. Rep. #1 Rep. #2 Rep. #3 Mean S.E. Ephemeroptera Acentrella insignificans 0000.00.00000.00.00000.00.0 Caenis sp. 0062.12.10000.00.00000.00.0 Plecoptera Capniidae 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Chironomidae Chironomus sp. 0 21 3 8.1 6.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Cladotanytarsus sp. 0 5 0 1.8 1.8 10 2 0 3.9 3.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Cricotopus bicinctus gr. 1 0 0 0.3 0.3 0 0 4 1.3 1.3 22 16 14 17.5 2.3 Cricotopus sp. 1 0 16 5.7 5.2 8 14 56 26.1 15.0 11 124 104 79.9 34.9 Diamesa sp. 0000.00.00000.00.00000.00.0 Dicrotendipes sp. 2 90 134 75.5 38.9 60 51 16 42.4 13.4 7 40 19 21.9 9.5 Harnischia sp. 0501.81.80000.00.00000.00.0 Orthocladius (Euortho.) rivicola grp.0000.00.00000.00.01000.30.3 Orthocladius Complex 0 0268.58.536112022.47.341156.52.1 Orthocladius annectens 0000.00.00000.00.00000.00.0 Orthocladius sp. 0000.00.00501.61.63141611.04.0 Parachironomus sp. 0501.81.80000.00.00000.00.0 Paracladius sp. 0031.11.10000.00.00000.00.0 Paratanytarsus sp. 0 5 32 12.4 9.9 156 62 86 101.5 28.1 14 92 43 49.7 22.7 Phaenopsectra sp. 0031.11.10000.00.00000.00.0 Procladius sp. 0532.81.50000.00.00000.00.0 Psectrocladius sp. 0501.81.80000.00.00000.00.0 Synorthocladius sp. 0 0 22 7.5 7.5 4 0 6 3.3 1.8 1 16 25 14.1 7.1 Tanytarsus sp. 0 11 0 3.5 3.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 1 0.4 0.4 Tvetenia bavarica gr. 0000.00.00000.00.00000.00.0 Trichoptera Agraylea sp. 0 16 6 7.4 4.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Ceraclea sp. 1 16 0 5.6 5.1 2 0 0 0.7 0.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Cheumatopsyche sp. 0000.00.00283.22.40712.82.2 Hydropsyche sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 4 0 18 7.3 5.5 1 4 4 2.7 0.9 Hydroptila sp. 0 0 3 1.1 1.1 80 146 218 147.9 39.9 0 13 2 5.0 3.9 Leptoceridae 1 0 3 1.4 0.9 4 0 0 1.3 1.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Nectopsyche sp. 2000.70.70000.00.02000.70.7 Polycentropus sp. 0 0 6 2.1 2.1 26 19 6 17.1 5.9 2 2 1 1.7 0.2 Psychomyia sp. 0000.00.02221.90.10000.00.0 Lepidoptera Petrophila sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 4 0 10 4.7 2.9 0 0 1 0.4 0.4 Hirudinea Placobdella montifera 0501.81.80000.00.00200.60.6 Oligochaeta Oligochaeta 1 0 6 2.5 2.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 7 0 2 3.1 2.1 Nematoda Nematoda 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 2 2 0 1.2 0.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Bivalvia Corbicula fluminea 2 16 22 13.4 6.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 1 0 0 0.3 0.3 Gastropoda Fossaria sp. 3 11 13 8.8 3.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 3 0 0 1.0 1.0 Gastropoda 12 37 61 36.6 14.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 12 7 4 7.6 2.4 Gyraulus (Gyraulus) parvus 23 53 96 57.3 21.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 5 7 5 5.7 0.8 Menetus opercularis 0000.00.00000.00.00000.00.0 Physella sp. 2564.61.30000.00.00401.21.2 Planorbidae 0 37 32 23.0 11.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 2 0 0 0.7 0.7 Valvata humeralis 0563.92.00000.00.00000.00.0 Valvata sp. 0 11 0 3.5 3.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Valvata tricarinata 0 16 3 6.4 4.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Amphipoda Crangonyx sp. 14 79 58 50.4 19.2 2 0 0 0.7 0.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Hyalella azteca 10 85 48 47.6 21.6 0 0 2 0.7 0.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Isopoda Caecidotea sp. 64 440 58 187.2 126.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 1 0.4 0.4 Tricladida Dugesia tigrina 921612.24.60000.00.00000.00.0 Hydroida Hydra sp. 0 0 0 0.00.00 0 0 0.00.0100 0 3.33.3 Acari Acari 4 37 19 20.1 9.6 2 0 4 2.0 1.2 0 0 5 1.6 1.6 Number of Taxa per Sample 17 26 28 23.7 3.4 16 11 14 13.7 1.5 18 15 18 17.0 1.0 Total Number per Sample 152 1,044 704 633.3 259.9 402 315 456 391.1 41.0 108 358 254 240.2 72.6 Continued… Table A4 Benthic macoinvertebrates collected from the Rocky Reach Study Area, 19 through 21 October 1999. Samples were collected with artificial substrates. Taxonomic Site 4 - Goosetail Rock Site 8 - Rocky Reach Dam Tailrace Group Rep. #1 Rep. #2 Rep. #3 Mean S.E. Rep. #1 Rep. #2 Rep. #3 Mean S.E. Ephemeroptera Acentrella insignificans 0 1 0 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Caenis sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Plecoptera Capniidae 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 3 0 1.1 1.1 Chironomidae Chironomus sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Cladotanytarsus sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Cricotopus bicinctus gr. 112 10 11 44.3 33.8 240 253 75 189.3 57.2 Cricotopus sp. 176 29 59 88.0 44.8 221 240 110 190.4 40.4 Diamesa sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 3 0 0 1.1 1.1 Dicrotendipes sp. 45 12 10 22.3 11.3 3 6 6 5.3 1.1 Harnischia sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Orthocladius (Euortho.) rivicola grp. 6 0 0 2.1 2.1 10 6 2 5.9 2.3 Orthocladius Complex 10013.53.0106139.61.8 Orthocladius annectens 0 2 0 0.7 0.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Orthocladius sp. 3 4 6 4.4 0.8 6 26 10 13.9 5.9 Parachironomus sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Paracladius sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Paratanytarsus sp. 211 51 56 106.1 52.6 22 19 13 18.1 2.8 Phaenopsectra sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Procladius sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Psectrocladius sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Synorthocladius sp. 45 8 16 22.9 11.2 19 10 26 18.1 4.6 Tanytarsus sp. 3 0 1 1.4 0.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Tvetenia bavarica gr. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 3 0 0 1.1 1.1 Trichoptera Agraylea sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Ceraclea sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Cheumatopsyche sp. 0 1 4 1.7 1.2 6 0 6 4.3 2.1 Hydropsyche sp. 0 2 0 0.7 0.7 115 86 58 86.4 16.6 Hydroptila sp. 13 1 3 5.6 3.6 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Leptoceridae 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Nectopsyche sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Polycentropus sp. 0 2 0 0.7 0.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Psychomyia sp. 0 0 1 0.3 0.3 3 0 3 2.1 1.1 Lepidoptera Petrophila sp. 0 0 1 0.3 0.3 6 3 2 3.7 1.4 Hirudinea Placobdella montifera 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Oligochaeta Oligochaeta 0 1 1 0.7 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Nematoda Nematoda 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Bivalvia Corbicula fluminea 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Gastropoda Fossaria sp. 0 0 1 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Gastropoda 10 0 0 3.2 3.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Gyraulus (Gyraulus) parvus 10 0 0 3.2 3.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Menetus opercularis 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Physella sp. 0 6 1 2.3 1.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Planorbidae 0 0 1 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Valvata humeralis 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Valvata sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Valvata tricarinata 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Amphipoda Crangonyx sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Hyalella azteca 3 0 0 1.1 1.1 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Isopoda Caecidotea sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Tricladida Dugesia tigrina 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Hydroida Hydra sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Acari Acari 35 3 13 17.1 9.5 6 10 2 5.9 2.3 Number of Taxa per Sample 14 15 17 15.3 0.9 15 12 13 13.3 0.9 Total Number per Sample 682 133 186 333.5 174.7 675 669 325 556.3 115.7 Table A5 Benthic macoinvertebrates collected from the Rocky Reach Study Area, 20 through 22 October 1999. Samples were collected with an Ekman dredge. Taxonomic Site 5 - Daroga State Park Site 6 - Entiat River Delta Site 7 - East of Lincoln Rock State Park Group Rep. #1 Rep. #2 Rep. #3 Mean S.E. Rep. #1 Rep. #2 Rep. #3 Mean S.E. Rep. #1 Rep. #2 Rep. #3 Mean S.E. Ephemeroptera Caenis sp. 0 3 1 1.3 0.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Hexagenia limbata 0 1 0 0.5 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 2 0.6 0.6 Diptera Ceratopogoninae 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 2 0 0.5 0.5 Hemerodromia sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 1 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Simulium sp. 0 0 1 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Chironomidae Chironomini 1 0 0 0.3 0.3 0 1 0 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Chironomus sp. 54 73 70 65.6 5.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 46 13 81 46.6 19.7 Cladopelma sp. 6 25 7 12.7 6.2 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 170 66 115 117.0 30.2 Corynoneura sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 4 1.2 1.2 Cricotopus bicinctus gr. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 1 0 0 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Cricotopus sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 8 0 1 3.0 2.5 0 0 2 0.6 0.6 Cryptochironomus sp. 4 14 16 11.3 3.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 5 2 5 4.1 1.3 Diamesa sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 1 0 0 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Dicrotendipes sp. 21315.23.70 0 00.00.011826.92.7 Harnischia sp. 4 3 3 3.3 0.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 8 14 7 9.9 2.3 Microtendipes pedellus gr. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 1 0 0 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Orthocladiinae 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 1 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Orthocladius Complex 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 3 0 1.0 1.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Orthocladius sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 1 3 1.3 0.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Parachironomus sp. 3 0 0 1.0 1.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 2 0 0.5 0.5 Paracladius sp. 2 1 0 1.1 0.6 1 0 0 0.3 0.3 0 0 2 0.6 0.6 Paracladopelma sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 1 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Paratanytarsus sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 1 0 0 0.3 0.3 49 16 14 26.3 11.1 Paratendipes sp. 1 0 0 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 3 2 4 2.6 0.6 Phaenopsectra sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 1 0 0 0.3 0.3 0 2 0 0.5 0.5 Polypedilum fallax gr. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 1 0 0 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Polypedilum sp. 1 0 0 0.3 0.3 0 1 0 0.3 0.3 32 37 13 27.3 7.4 Procladius sp. 15 27 35 25.5 5.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 59 32 27 39.5 10.1 Stictochironomus sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 8 5 10 7.7 1.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Tanytarsus sp. 1 0 1 0.7 0.3 3 1 1 1.7 0.7 16 2 9 8.9 4.2 Trichoptera Hydropsyche sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 1 0 0 0.3 0.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Polycentropus sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 2 0 0.5 0.5 Hirudinea Glossiphonia complanata 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 3 0 1.1 1.1 Helobdella stagnalis 2 4 8 4.7 1.8 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 22 3 7 10.7 5.6 Hirudinea 0 1 0 0.5 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Oligochaeta Oligochaeta 7 21 9 12.3 4.4 0 1 1 0.7 0.3 22 18 4 14.3 5.5 Nematoda Nematoda 0 1 0 0.5 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Bivalvia Anodonta sp. 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 5 0 0 1.8 1.8 Corbicula fluminea 0 6 4 3.2 1.7 0 1 0 0.3 0.3 8 2 4 4.4 1.9 Pisidium sp. 6 13 13 10.5 2.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 38 22 11 23.7 7.8 Sphaeriidae 5 0 0 1.7 1.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Unionidae 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 3 0 0 0.9 0.9 Gastropoda Fossaria sp. 0 1 0 0.5 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Gyraulus (Gyraulus) parvus 0 1 0 0.5 0.5 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 Menetus opercularis 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 4 1.2 1.2 Physella sp. 0 4 1 1.7 1.3 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 3 0 0 0.9 0.9 Planorbidae 0 0 3 1.0 1.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 Valvata humeralis 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0 5 20 8.2 6.0 Amphipoda Hyalella azteca 2 27 20 16.2 7.4 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 22 11 4 12.1 5.2 Isopoda Caecidotea sp. 12 63 14 29.7 16.7 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 40 45 20 35.0 7.7 Acari Acari 0 3 0 0.9 0.9 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 3 5 2 3.1 0.9 Number of Taxa per Sample 18 21 17 18.7 1.2 11 8 8 9.0 1.0 20 23 23 22.0 1.0 Total Number per Sample 128 305 207 213.4 51.3 27 14 19 20.0 3.8 564 310 360 411.5 77.7 Table A6 Benthic macoinvertebrate biometric data on samples collected from the Rocky Reach Project area, 19 through 22 October 1999. See Tables A4 and A5 for raw data. Biometric Site 1 - Beebe Right Upstream Bank Site 2 - Beebe Left Upstream Bank Rep. #1 Rep. #2 Rep. #3 Rep. #1 Rep. #2 Rep. #3 Abundance Measures Abundance 152.00 1044.10 704.00 402.00 315.20 456.00 EPT abundance 4.00 31.80 25.60 118.00 168.00 252.00

Dominance Measures 1st dominant taxon Caecidotea sp. Caecidotea sp. Dicrotendipes sp. Paratanytarsus sp. Hydroptila sp. Hydroptila sp. 1st Dominant Abundance 64.00 439.90 134.40 156.00 145.60 218.00 2nd dominant taxon Gyraulus (Gyraulus) parvus Dicrotendipes sp. Gyraulus (Gyraulus) parvus Hydroptila sp. Paratanytarsus sp. Paratanytarsus sp. 2nd Dominant Abundance 23.00 90.10 96.00 80.00 62.40 86.00 3rd dominant taxon Crangonyx sp. Hyalella azteca Gastropoda Dicrotendipes sp. Dicrotendipes sp. Cricotopus sp. 3rd Dominant Abundance 14.00 84.80 60.80 60.00 51.20 56.00 % 1 dominant taxon 42.11 42.13 19.09 38.81 46.19 47.81 % 2 dominant taxa 57.24 50.76 32.73 58.71 65.99 66.67 % 3 dominant taxa 66.45 58.88 41.36 73.63 82.23 78.95

Richness Measures species richness 17.00 26.00 28.00 16.00 11.00 14.00 EPT richness 3.00 2.00 5.00 6.00 4.00 5.00 Ephemeroptera richness 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Plecoptera richness 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Trichoptera richness 3.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 4.00 5.00 Rhyacophila richness 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Community Composition % Ephemeroptera 0.00 0.00 0.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Plecoptera 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Trichoptera 2.63 3.05 2.73 29.35 53.30 55.26 % EPT 2.63 3.05 3.64 29.35 53.30 55.26 % Coleoptera 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Diptera 2.63 14.72 34.55 68.16 46.19 41.23 % Oligochaetae 0.66 0.00 0.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Baetidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Brachycentridae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Chironomidae 2.63 14.72 34.55 68.16 46.19 41.23 % Ephemerellidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Hydropsychidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.51 5.70 % Odonata 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Perlidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Pteronarcyidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Simuliidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Functional Group Composition % filterers 0.00 1.02 0.00 1.00 0.51 5.70 % gatherers 51.97 64.97 48.64 67.66 41.62 28.51 % predators 8.55 6.60 5.00 7.46 6.60 2.19 % scrapers 3.29 6.09 7.73 1.49 0.51 2.63 % shredders 2.63 0.00 2.27 1.99 4.57 13.16 filterer richness 0.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 gatherer richness 6.00 10.00 11.00 7.00 5.00 5.00 predator richness 2.00 4.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 2.00 scraper richness 2.00 4.00 4.00 2.00 1.00 2.00 shredder richness 3.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00

Diversity/Evenness Measures Shannon-Weaver H' (log 10) 0.86 0.99 1.19 0.80 0.68 0.74 Shannon-Weaver H' (log 2) 2.86 3.28 3.95 2.67 2.27 2.46 Shannon-Weaver H' (log e) 1.98 2.28 2.74 1.85 1.57 1.71 Hilsenhoff Biotic Index 4.11 5.35 4.36 6.21 6.35 6.05 Margalef's Richness 3.18 3.60 4.12 2.50 1.74 2.12 Metals Tolerance Index 2.72 3.36 2.39 2.79 3.68 4.01 Pielou's J' 0.70 0.70 0.82 0.67 0.66 0.65 Simpson's Heterogeneity 0.78 0.79 0.91 0.78 0.72 0.72

Karr B-IBI Metrics Long-Lived taxa richness 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Clinger richness 2.00 3.00 2.00 4.00 4.00 5.00 Intolerant taxa richness 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Tolerant taxa 11.18 2.49 4.83 9.95 29.19 25.00 B-IBI Score 21 23 25 23 17 17 Table A6 Continued. Benthic macoinvertebrate biometric data on samples collected from the Rocky Reach Project area, 19 through 22 October 1999. See Tables A4 and A5 for raw data. Biometric Site 3 - Stayman Site 4 - Goosetail Rock Rep. #1 Rep. #2 Rep. #3 Rep. #1 Rep. #2 Rep. #3 Abundance Measures Abundance 108.00 358.20 254.40 681.60 133.00 186.00 EPT abundance 5.00 25.20 8.40 12.80 7.00 8.00

Dominance Measures 1st dominant taxon Cricotopus bicinctus gr. Cricotopus sp. Cricotopus sp. Paratanytarsus sp. Paratanytarsus sp. Cricotopus sp. 1st Dominant Abundance 22.00 124.20 104.40 211.20 51.00 59.00 2nd dominant taxon Paratanytarsus sp. Paratanytarsus sp. Paratanytarsus sp. Cricotopus sp. Cricotopus sp. Paratanytarsus sp. 2nd Dominant Abundance 14.00 91.80 43.20 176.00 29.00 56.00 3rd dominant taxon Gastropoda Dicrotendipes sp. Synorthocladius sp. Cricotopus bicinctus gr. Dicrotendipes sp. Synorthocladius sp. 3rd Dominant Abundance 12.00 39.60 25.20 112.00 12.00 16.00 % 1 dominant taxon 20.37 34.67 41.04 30.99 38.35 31.72 % 2 dominant taxa 33.33 60.30 58.02 56.81 60.15 61.83 % 3 dominant taxa 44.44 71.36 67.92 73.24 69.17 70.43

Richness Measures species richness 18.00 15.00 18.00 14.00 15.00 17.00 EPT richness 3.00 4.00 4.00 1.00 5.00 3.00 Ephemeroptera richness 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 Plecoptera richness 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Trichoptera richness 3.00 4.00 4.00 1.00 4.00 3.00 Rhyacophila richness 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Community Composition % Ephemeroptera 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.75 0.00 % Plecoptera 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Trichoptera 4.63 7.04 3.30 1.88 4.51 4.30 % EPT 4.63 7.04 3.30 1.88 5.26 4.30 % Coleoptera 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Diptera 58.33 87.44 89.62 89.67 87.22 86.02 % Oligochaetae 6.48 0.00 0.94 0.00 0.75 0.54 % Baetidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.75 0.00 % Brachycentridae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Chironomidae 58.33 87.44 89.62 89.67 87.22 86.02 % Ephemerellidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Hydropsychidae 0.93 3.02 1.89 0.00 2.26 2.15 % Odonata 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Perlidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Pteronarcyidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Simuliidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Functional Group Composition % filterers 0.93 3.02 2.36 0.47 2.26 2.69 % gatherers 33.33 48.24 43.87 46.48 59.40 48.39 % predators 11.11 1.01 2.36 5.16 3.76 6.99 % scrapers 4.63 1.01 0.47 0.00 4.51 2.69 % shredders 32.41 39.20 46.70 42.25 29.32 37.63 filterer richness 1.00 2.00 3.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 gatherer richness 6.00 5.00 7.00 6.00 7.00 6.00 predator richness 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 2.00 1.00 scraper richness 2.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 5.00 shredder richness 3.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00

Diversity/Evenness Measures Shannon-Weaver H' (log 10) 1.09 0.86 0.86 0.82 0.85 0.84 Shannon-Weaver H' (log 2) 3.61 2.85 2.86 2.73 2.81 2.79 Shannon-Weaver H' (log e) 2.50 1.97 1.98 1.89 1.95 1.93 Hilsenhoff Biotic Index 5.12 6.19 5.97 6.02 6.26 6.03 Margalef's Richness 3.63 2.38 3.07 1.99 2.86 3.06 Metals Tolerance Index 2.19 4.77 5.10 3.72 3.87 4.59 Pielou's J' 0.86 0.73 0.69 0.72 0.72 0.68 Simpson's Heterogeneity 0.90 0.79 0.78 0.80 0.79 0.79

Karr B-IBI Metrics Long-Lived taxa richness 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Clinger richness 3.00 5.00 6.00 4.00 5.00 5.00 Intolerant taxa richness 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Tolerant taxa 6.48 3.63 1.18 0.73 6.02 5.38 B-IBI Score 25 19 19 19 19 21 Table A6 Continued. Benthic macoinvertebrate biometric data on samples collected from the Rocky Reach Project area, 19 through 22 October 1999. See Tables A4 and A5 for raw data. Biometric Site 5 - Daroga State Park Site 6 - Entiat River Delta Rep. #1 Rep. #2 Rep. #3 Rep. #1 Rep. #2 Rep. #3 Abundance Measures Abundance 128.00 305.20 207.00 27.00 14.00 19.00 EPT abundance 0.00 4.20 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00

Dominance Measures 1st dominant taxon Chironomus sp. Chironomus sp. Chironomus sp. Cricotopus sp. Stictochironomus sp. Stictochironomus sp. 1st Dominant Abundance 54.00 72.80 70.00 8.00 5.00 10.00 2nd dominant taxon Procladius sp. Caecidotea sp. Procladius sp. Stictochironomus sp. Orthocladius Complex Orthocladius sp. 2nd Dominant Abundance 15.00 63.00 35.00 8.00 3.00 3.00 3rd dominant taxon Caecidotea sp. Procladius sp. Hyalella azteca Tanytarsus sp. Orthocladius sp. Cricotopus sp. 3rd Dominant Abundance 12.00 26.60 20.00 3.00 1.00 1.00 % 1 dominant taxon 42.19 23.85 33.82 29.63 35.71 52.63 % 2 dominant taxa 53.91 44.50 50.72 59.26 57.14 68.42 % 3 dominant taxa 63.28 53.21 60.39 70.37 64.29 73.68

Richness Measures species richness 18.00 21.00 17.00 11.00 8.00 8.00 EPT richness 0.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 Ephemeroptera richness 0.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Plecoptera richness 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Trichoptera richness 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 Rhyacophila richness 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Community Composition % Ephemeroptera 0.00 1.38 0.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Plecoptera 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Trichoptera 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.70 0.00 0.00 % EPT 0.00 1.38 0.48 3.70 0.00 0.00 % Coleoptera 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Diptera 73.44 50.92 64.73 96.30 85.71 94.74 % Oligochaetae 5.47 6.88 4.35 0.00 7.14 5.26 % Baetidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Brachycentridae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Chironomidae 73.44 50.92 64.25 96.30 85.71 89.47 % Ephemerellidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Hydropsychidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.70 0.00 0.00 % Odonata 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Perlidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Pteronarcyidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Simuliidae 0.00 0.00 0.48 0.00 0.00 0.00

Functional Group Composition % filterers 9.38 4.13 7.25 18.52 7.14 5.26 % gatherers 73.44 74.77 60.39 40.74 78.57 84.21 % predators 16.41 16.06 28.50 0.00 0.00 5.26 % scrapers 0.00 1.83 1.93 3.70 0.00 0.00 % shredders 0.78 0.00 0.00 37.04 7.14 5.26 filterer richness 3.00 1.00 3.00 3.00 1.00 1.00 gatherer richness 11.00 9.00 8.00 4.00 5.00 5.00 predator richness 3.00 5.00 3.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 scraper richness 0.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 shredder richness 1.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 1.00 1.00

Diversity/Evenness Measures Shannon-Weaver H' (log 10) 0.92 1.02 0.93 0.84 0.79 0.68 Shannon-Weaver H' (log 2) 3.07 3.40 3.10 2.80 2.64 2.25 Shannon-Weaver H' (log e) 2.13 2.36 2.15 1.94 1.83 1.56 Hilsenhoff Biotic Index 8.56 7.70 8.36 6.07 5.14 5.53 Margalef's Richness 3.50 3.50 3.00 3.03 2.65 2.38 Metals Tolerance Index 3.32 3.29 3.43 3.74 0.86 1.63 Pielou's J' 0.74 0.77 0.76 0.81 0.88 0.75 Simpson's Heterogeneity 0.79 0.87 0.83 0.83 0.86 0.72

Karr B-IBI Metrics Long-Lived taxa richness 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Clinger richness 3.00 1.00 3.00 6.00 2.00 2.00 Intolerant taxa richness 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Tolerant taxa 1.56 8.19 12.08 0.00 0.00 5.26 B-IBI Score 21 23 21 17 15 17 Table A6 Continued. Benthic macoinvertebrate biometric data on samples collected from the Rocky Reach Project area, 19 through 22 October 1999. See Tables A4 and A5 for raw data. Biometric Site 7 - East of Lincoln Rock State Park Site 8 - Rocky Reach Dam Tailrace Rep. #1 Rep. #2 Rep. #3 Rep. #1 Rep. #2 Rep. #3 Abundance Measures Abundance 564.30 310.40 360.00 675.20 668.80 324.80 EPT abundance 0.00 1.60 1.80 124.80 89.60 67.20

Dominance Measures 1st dominant taxon Cladopelma sp. Cladopelma sp. Cladopelma sp. Cricotopus bicinctus gr. Cricotopus bicinctus gr. Cricotopus sp. 1st Dominant Abundance 170.10 65.60 115.20 240.00 252.80 110.40 2nd dominant taxon Procladius sp. Caecidotea sp. Chironomus sp. Cricotopus sp. Cricotopus sp. Cricotopus bicinctus gr. 2nd Dominant Abundance 59.40 44.80 81.00 220.80 240.00 75.20 3rd dominant taxon Paratanytarsus sp. Polypedilum sp. Procladius sp. Hydropsyche sp. Hydropsyche sp. Hydropsyche sp. 3rd Dominant Abundance 48.60 36.80 27.00 115.20 86.40 57.60 % 1 dominant taxon 30.14 21.13 32.00 35.55 37.80 33.99 % 2 dominant taxa 40.67 35.57 54.50 68.25 73.68 57.14 % 3 dominant taxa 49.28 47.42 62.00 85.31 86.60 74.88

Richness Measures species richness 20.00 23.00 23.00 15.00 12.00 13.00 EPT richness 0.00 1.00 1.00 3.00 2.00 3.00 Ephemeroptera richness 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Plecoptera richness 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 Trichoptera richness 0.00 1.00 0.00 3.00 1.00 3.00 Rhyacophila richness 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Community Composition % Ephemeroptera 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Plecoptera 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.48 0.00 % Trichoptera 0.00 0.52 0.00 18.48 12.92 20.69 % EPT 0.00 0.52 0.50 18.48 13.40 20.69 % Coleoptera 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Diptera 70.81 62.89 79.00 79.62 84.69 78.33 % Oligochaetae 3.83 5.67 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Baetidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Brachycentridae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Chironomidae 70.81 62.37 79.00 79.62 84.69 78.33 % Ephemerellidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Hydropsychidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 18.01 12.92 19.70 % Odonata 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Perlidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Pteronarcyidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Simuliidae 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Functional Group Composition % filterers 11.00 7.73 5.50 18.01 12.92 19.70 % gatherers 65.55 62.37 71.00 9.95 10.05 20.69 % predators 15.79 15.46 11.50 0.95 1.44 0.49 % scrapers 0.48 0.52 0.00 1.42 0.48 1.48 % shredders 5.74 11.86 4.00 68.25 74.16 57.14 filterer richness 4.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 2.00 gatherer richness 9.00 10.00 11.00 7.00 5.00 5.00 predator richness 4.00 7.00 4.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 scraper richness 1.00 1.00 0.00 2.00 1.00 2.00 shredder richness 1.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 3.00 2.00

Diversity/Evenness Measures Shannon-Weaver H' (log 10) 1.05 1.10 0.99 0.72 0.67 0.80 Shannon-Weaver H' (log 2) 3.48 3.65 3.30 2.38 2.21 2.67 Shannon-Weaver H' (log e) 2.41 2.53 2.29 1.65 1.53 1.85 Hilsenhoff Biotic Index 7.77 7.35 7.82 6.27 6.47 6.02 Margalef's Richness 3.00 3.83 3.74 2.15 1.69 2.07 Metals Tolerance Index 2.14 2.48 2.15 4.15 4.27 4.50 Pielou's J' 0.81 0.81 0.73 0.61 0.62 0.72 Simpson's Heterogeneity 0.87 0.89 0.83 0.74 0.71 0.79

Karr B-IBI Metrics Long-Lived taxa richness 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Clinger richness 3.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 Intolerant taxa richness 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 % Tolerant taxa 1.59 2.26 0.56 0.30 0.00 1.23 B-IBI Score252723171519 Benthic Survey

APPENDIX B: DRIFT DATA

Benthic Survey

Appendix B-1: Taxa list from daytime drift sampling Chelan River September 15, 1999

Invertebrate Insect Taxa No. of Percent Order Family Organisms* Composition Ephemeroptera (mayflies) 12 Baetidae 1 2 Hemiptera Saldidae (shore bugs) 1 2 Coleoptera (beetles) 23

Diptera Ceratopogonidae (biting midges) 1 2 Simuliidae (black flies) 3 5 Chironomidae (midges) 12 19 Mollusca Gastropoda (class) 14 23 Hydroida 711 Terrestrial 20 32

Total Abundance 62

Drift Density 19 organisms per 100 m3 (0.5/100 ft3)

* 100% subsample

Draft Study Report Rocky Reach Project No. 2145 November 17, 2000 Page B-1 SS/2539 Benthic Survey

Appendix B-2: Taxa list from evening drift sampling Chelan River September 15, 1999

Invertebrate Insect Taxa

No. of Percent Order Family Organisms* Composition Ephemeroptera Baetidae 1 0.3 Caenidae 1 0.3 Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) Coenagrionidae 1 0.3 Anisoptera (suborder - dragonflies) 10.3 Diptera 20.6 Dolichopodidae 1 0.3 Empididae (dance flies) 1 0.3 Simuliidae (black flies) 97 28 Chironomidae (midges) 143 41 Tricoptera (caddisflies) Hydropsychidae 1 0.3 Hydroptilidae 16 5 Lepidoptera 10.3 Mollusca (clams and snails) Bivalvia (class) 20 6 Gastropoda (class) 2 0.6 Amphipoda 72 Hydroida 22 6 Acari (subclass) 51 Terrestrial (5 families) 24 7

Total Abundance 347

3 3 Drift Density 78 organisms/100 m (2.2/100 ft )

*100% subsample

Rocky Reach Project No. 2145 Draft Study Report SS/2539 Page B-2 November 17, 2000 Benthic Survey

Appendix B-3: Taxa list from daytime drift sampling Entiat River September 17, 1999

Invertebrate Insect Taxa No. of Percent Order Family Organisms* Composition Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Siphlonuridae 2 1 Baetidae 23 7 Hemiptera (aquatic and semiaquatic bugs) Corixidae (water boatman) 3 1 Elmidae (riffle beetles) 44 14 Diptera 21 Deuterophlebiidae 9 3 Empididae (dance flies) 2 1 Ephydridae (shore and brine flies) 2 1 Simuliidae (black flies) 22 7 Chironomidae (midges) 179 56 Tricoptera (caddisflies) Hydropsychidae 15 5 Hydroptilidae 2 1 Lepidoptera 31 Acari (subclass) 52 Terrestrial 52

Total Abundance 318

3 3 Drift Density 166 organisms/100m (5/100 ft )

*Data based on 58.82% subsampling

Draft Study Report Rocky Reach Project No. 2145 November 17, 2000 Page B-3 SS/2539 Benthic Survey

Appendix B-4: Taxa list from evening drift sampling Entiat River September 16, 1999

Invertebrate Insect Taxa No. of Percent Order Family Organisms* Composition Ephemeroptera (mayflies) Siphlonuridae 19 1 Baetidae 883 47 Heptageniidae 10 1 Ephemerellidae 10 1 Plecoptera (stoneflies) Amphinemurinae 19 1 Coleoptera (beetles) Elmidae (riffle beetles) 164 9 Diptera Simuliidae (black flies) 77 4 Chironomidae (midges) 672 36 Terrestrial Adelgidae 10 1

Total Abundance 1,862

3 3 Drift Density 1092 organisms/100 m (31/100 ft )

*Data based on 10.42% subsample

Rocky Reach Project No. 2145 Draft Study Report SS/2539 Page B-4 November 17, 2000 Benthic Survey

Appendix B-5: Taxa list from daytime drift sampling Chelan River October 23, 1999

Invertebrate Insect Taxa No. of Percent Order Family Organisms* Composition Ephemeroptera Acentrella turbida (species) 19 1 Chironomidae (midges) 45 4 Hydroida Hydra spp. 1,177 92 Acari (subclass) 19 1 Terrestrial Aphidae 19 1

Total Abundance 1,280

3 3 Drift Density 417 organisms/100 m (12/100 ft )

*Data based on 15.63% subsample

Draft Study Report Rocky Reach Project No. 2145 November 17, 2000 Page B-5 SS/2539 Benthic Survey

Appendix B-6: Taxa list from evening drift sampling Chelan River October 23, 1999

Invertebrate Insect Taxa No. of Percent Order Family Organisms* Composition Ephemeroptera Heptageniidae 6 0.4 Diptera Simuliidae (black flies) 64 4 Chironomidae (midges) 58 4 Mollusca (clams and snails) Bivalvia (class) 58 4 Hydroida 1,170 81 Acari (subclass) 19 1 Terrestrial 70 5

Total 1,453

3 3 Drift Density 504 organisms/100 m (14/100 ft )

*Data based on 15.63% subsample

Rocky Reach Project No. 2145 Draft Study Report SS/2539 Page B-6 November 17, 2000 Benthic Survey

Appendix B-7: Taxa list from daytime drift sampling Entiat River October 23, 1999

Invertebrate Insect Taxa No. of Percent Order Family Organisms* Composition Ephemeroptera Baetidae 3 2 Heptageniidae 1 1 Ephemerellidae 1 1 Hemiptera (aquatic and semiaquatic bugs) Corixidae (water boatman 1 1 Coleoptera Elmidae (riffle beetles) 3 2 Diptera Simuliidae (black flies) 1 1 Chironomidae (midges) 169 87 Tricoptera (caddisflies) Hydropsychidae 1 1 Acari (subclass) 11 Terrestrial 13 7

Total Abundance 194

3 3 Drift Density 265 organisms/100 m (8/100 ft )

* 100% subsample

Draft Study Report Rocky Reach Project No. 2145 November 17, 2000 Page B-7 SS/2539 Benthic Survey

Appendix B-8: Taxa list from evening drift sampling Entiat River October 23, 1999

Invertebrate Insect Taxa No. of Percent Order Family Organisms* Composition Ephemeroptera Siphlonuridae 19 1 Baetidae 797 59 Heptageniidae 10 1 Coleoptera (beetles) Elmidae (riffle beetles) 125 9 Diptera Simuliidae (black flies) 77 6 Chironomidae (midges) 269 20 Tricoptera (caddisflies) Hydropsychidae 38 3 Terrestrial 10 1

Total Abundance 1,344

3 3 Drift Density 1878 organisms/100 m (53/100 ft )

*Data based on 10.42% subsampling

Rocky Reach Project No. 2145 Draft Study Report SS/2539 Page B-8 November 17, 2000 Benthic Survey

APPENDIX C: MOLLUSC DATA

Benthic Survey

Appendix C: Locations and habitat observations of time-duration of mollusc surveys in the Rocky Reach Project Area, 1999. Survey Minute Mean Latitude Longitude

Location Survey Date s Velocity North West Habitat Notes Cobble and gravel substrate with no aquatic vegetation. Fast currents in tailrace made Site 1 10-Nov-99 42 2.42 47º 56' 16'' 119º 51' 35'' diviing and snorkeling hazardous. Therefore a short smaping duration. 80% Crispus and 20% coontail in survey area. Aquatic vegetation is sparse covering Site 2 10-Nov-99 85 0.26 47º 55' 58'' 119º 52' 17'' only ~15% of transect area. 90% of transect through Aquatic Vegetation bed of elodea and millfoil. Mussels Site 3 10-Nov-99 85 0.76 47º 53' 21'' 119º 54' 56'' found in aquatic vegetation and silt. Gastropods found on or under margin cobbles. 70% of transect in weed beds and 30% in sand/silt. Clams most abundant in margin sands with an occasional mussel. Sand appears to be wave swept and well Site 4 10-Nov-99 111 0.05 47º 51' 11'' 119º 57' 19'' oxygenated. Very low wate velocities. 40m transect crosses sand,silt and gravel substrates. Overall sparse abundance of Site 5 12-Nov-99 114 0.79 47º 48' 18'' 119º 58' 56'' mollusc species in area. Clams become real abundant >15'. Narrow vegetation band at 8'. Boulder substrates close to shore with some pockets of sand silt. Surveyed to a depth of 45', no Site 6 12-Nov-99 51 1.54 47º 46' 39'' 120º 01' 21'' gastropods detected. Clams are dominant. Sparse vegetation band from 2'-10'. Habitat mostly boulder/cobble. Additional surveys to 45' revealed that clams are most abundant in the cobble/gravel/boulder Site 7 12-Nov-99 70 1.10 47º 45' 53'' 120º 05' 05'' substrates greater than 25'. Most mussels seen in soft sediment interstices of the boulders. Additional surveys to a depth of 40', where bathymetry flattens out and clams most abundant-piled on top of Site 8 11-Nov-99 81 0.86 47º 46' 16'' 120º 09' 17'' one another. Aquatic vegetation is 90% elodea and 10% crispus. Margin cobbles present w/some Site 9 11-Nov-99 100 0.04 47º 42' 50'' 120º 13' 09'' boulders then all macrophytes and silt. Mussels and gastropods are very abundant. In delta, clean sand w/ sparse vegetation and organisms. Elodea and crispus beds Site 10 11-Nov-99 113 0.34 47º 39' 37'' 120º 13' 25'' outside of delta is where mussels found. Water temp in delta 8.5 C Margin cobbles and aquatic vegetation band from 5'-17' (elodea). Silt >17'. 40m Surveye d to 24'. Margin bedrock and boulders. Silt and aquatic vegetat ion from 2'- Site 11 11-Nov-99 63 0.14 47º 37' 10'' 120º 14' 17'' transect mostly through aquatic vegetation band with high mussel abundance. 14', bedrock/boulder/silt from 14'-24'. 40m transect runs through silt/aquatic vegetation(coontail/elodea/crispus/milfoil). Most organisms on boulder/vegetation gradient. Site 12 11-Nov-99 66 0.39 47º 33' 10'' 120º 15' 57'' Draft Study Report Rocky Reach Project No. 2145 November 17, 2000 Page C-1 SS/2539

Benthic Survey

APPENDIX D: PHOTOGRAPHIC PLATES Plate 1 15 September 1999. Filling the artificial substrate baskets with stones from Plate 2 15 September 1999. One artificial substrate array ready for deployment. a gravel bar near the Chelan River.

Plate 3 16 September 1999. One artificial substrate basket in situ at Site 3, near the Plate 4 17 September 1999. The buoy marker at Site 8, Rocky Reach Dam tailrace. community of Stayman. This site had moderate water velocities, large boulder This site featured swift water velocities, moderate depths, and a variety of substrates, and patches of aquatic plants. substrate particle sizes (mainly gravel through boulder). Plate 5 21 October 1999. Processing benthic macroinvertebrate samples (artificial Plate 6 19 October 1999. Processing (removing inorganic materials) from one substrates) in the field to remove extraneous inorganic matter prior to artificial substrate sample (Site 8, Rocky Reach Dam tailrace). preservation.

Plate 7 20 October 1999. An Ekman dredge sample collected from Site 5, near Daroga Plate 8 15 September 1999. Collecting drifting macroinvertebrates from the Chelan State Park. Rive, approximately 1300 h.