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Cretaceous Boundary in Western Cuba (Sierra De Los Órganos)
GEOLOGICA CARPATHICA, JUNE 2013, 64, 3, 195—208 doi: 10.2478/geoca-2013-0014 Calpionellid distribution and microfacies across the Jurassic/ Cretaceous boundary in western Cuba (Sierra de los Órganos) RAFAEL LÓPEZ-MARTÍNEZ1, , RICARDO BARRAGÁN1, DANIELA REHÁKOVÁ2 and JORGE LUIS COBIELLA-REGUERA3 1Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México D.F., México; [email protected] 2Comenius University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Geology and Paleontology, Mlynská dolina G, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic; [email protected] 3Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Pinar del Río, Martí # 270, Pinar del Río, C.P. 20100, Cuba (Manuscript received May 21, 2012; accepted in revised form December 11, 2012) Abstract: A detailed bed-by-bed sampled stratigraphic section of the Guasasa Formation in the Rancho San Vicente area of the “Sierra de los Órganos”, western Cuba, provides well-supported evidence about facies and calpionellid distribution across the Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary. These new data allowed the definition of an updated and sound calpionellid biozonation scheme for the section. In this scheme, the drowning event of a carbonate platform displayed by the facies of the San Vicente Member, the lowermost unit of the section, is dated as Late Tithonian, Boneti Subzone. The Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary was recognized within the facies of the overlying El Americano Member on the basis of the acme of Calpionella alpina Lorenz. The boundary is placed nearly six meters above the contact between the San Vicente and the El Americano Members, in a facies linked to a sea-level drop. The recorded calpionellid bioevents should allow correlations of the Cuban biozonation scheme herein proposed, with other previously published schemes from distant areas of the Tethyan Domain. -
The Long-Term Evolution of the Congo Deep-Sea Fan: a Basin-Wide View of the Interaction Between a Giant Submarine Fan and a Mature Passive Margin (Zaiango Project)
The Congo deep-sea fan: how far and for how long? A basin-wide view of the interaction between a giant submarine fan and a mature passive margin Zahie Anka 1,*, Michel Séranne 2,**, Michel Lopez 2, Magdalena Scheck-Wenderoth 1, Bruno Savoye 3,†. 1. GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences. Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany. 2. CNRS-Université Montpellier II. cc 060, Geosciences Montpellier. 34095 Montpellier, France. 3. IFREMER, Geosciences Marines, BP 70 — 29280 Plouzané, France. (*) [email protected] (**) [email protected] (†) deceased 1.- Introduction The Congo deep-sea fan is one of the largest submarine fan systems in the world and one of the most important depocentre in the eastern south Atlantic. The present-day fan extends over 1000 km offshore the Congo-Angola continental margin and it is sourced by the Congo River, whose continental drainage area is the second largest in the world (3.7 106 km²) (Droz et al., 1996) (Fig.1). There is a direct connexion between the river’s drainage basin and the deep basin through an impressive submarine canyon, which cuts down about 950 m at the shelf-break and more than 1300 m at 100 km offshore the coastline (Babonneau et al., 2002). Hence, the direct transfer of terrigenous material onto the abyssal plain takes place through the canyon, by-passing the shelf and upper slope. The submarine fan covers a surface of about 300,000 km² and contains at least 0.7 Mkm³ of Tertiary sediments (Anka and Séranne, 2004; Droz et al., 2003; Savoye et al., 2000). -
Emplacement of the Jurassic Mirdita Ophiolites (Southern Albania): Evidence from Associated Clastic and Carbonate Sediments
Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) (2012) 101:1535–1558 DOI 10.1007/s00531-010-0603-5 ORIGINAL PAPER Emplacement of the Jurassic Mirdita ophiolites (southern Albania): evidence from associated clastic and carbonate sediments Alastair H. F. Robertson • Corina Ionescu • Volker Hoeck • Friedrich Koller • Kujtim Onuzi • Ioan I. Bucur • Dashamir Ghega Received: 9 March 2010 / Accepted: 15 September 2010 / Published online: 11 November 2010 Ó Springer-Verlag 2010 Abstract Sedimentology can shed light on the emplace- bearing pelagic carbonates of latest (?) Jurassic-Berrasian ment of oceanic lithosphere (i.e. ophiolites) onto continental age. Similar calpionellid limestones elsewhere (N Albania; crust and post-emplacement settings. An example chosen N Greece) post-date the regional ophiolite emplacement. At here is the well-exposed Jurassic Mirdita ophiolite in one locality in S Albania (Voskopoja), calpionellid lime- southern Albania. Successions studied in five different stones are gradationally underlain by thick ophiolite-derived ophiolitic massifs (Voskopoja, Luniku, Shpati, Rehove and breccias (containing both ultramafic and mafic clasts) that Morava) document variable depositional processes and were derived by mass wasting of subaqueous fault scarps palaeoenvironments in the light of evidence from compara- during or soon after the latest stages of ophiolite emplace- ble settings elsewhere (e.g. N Albania; N Greece). Ophiolitic ment. An intercalation of serpentinite-rich debris flows at extrusive rocks (pillow basalts and lava breccias) locally this locality is indicative of mobilisation of hydrated oceanic retain an intact cover of oceanic radiolarian chert (in the ultramafic rocks. Some of the ophiolite-derived conglom- Shpati massif). Elsewhere, ophiolite-derived clastics typi- erates (e.g. -
SÉRANNE, M., and ANKA, Z., 2005
ARTICLE IN PRESS Journal of African Earth Sciences xxx (2005) xxx–xxx www.elsevier.com/locate/jafrearsci South Atlantic continental margins of Africa: A comparison of the tectonic vs climate interplay on the evolution of equatorial west Africa and SW Africa margins Michel Se´ranne *, Zahie Anka UMR 5573 Dynamique de la Lithosphe`re, CNRS/Universite´ Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier cedex 05, France Received 5 February 2005; accepted 18 July 2005 Abstract Africa displays a variety of continental margin structures, tectonic styles and sedimentary records. The comparative review of two representative segments: the equatorial western Africa and the SW Africa margins, helps in analysing the main controlling factors on the development of these margins. Early Cretaceous active rifting south of the Walvis Ridge resulted in the formation of the SW Africa volcanic margin that displays thick and wide intermediate igneous crust, adjacent to a thick unstretched continental crust. The non-vol- canic mode of rifting north of the Walvis ridge, led to the formation of the equatorial western Africa margin, characterised by a wide zone of crustal stretching and thinning, and thick, extensive, syn-rift basins. Contrasting lithologies of the early post-rift (salt vs shale) determined the style of gravitational deformation, whilst periods of activity of the decollements were controlled by sedimentation rates. Regressive erosion across the prominent shoulder uplift of SW Africa accounts for high clastic sedimentation rate during Late Creta- ceous to Eocene, while dominant carbonate production on equatorial western Africa shelf suggests very little erosion of a low hinterland. The early Oligocene long-term climate change had contrasted response in both margins. -
Jahrbuch Der Geologischen Bundesanstalt
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Jahrbuch der Geologischen Bundesanstalt Jahr/Year: 2017 Band/Volume: 157 Autor(en)/Author(s): Baron-Szabo Rosemarie C. Artikel/Article: Scleractinian corals from the upper Aptian–Albian of the Garschella Formation of central Europe (western Austria; eastern Switzerland): The Albian 241- 260 JAHRBUCH DER GEOLOGISCHEN BUNDESANSTALT Jb. Geol. B.-A. ISSN 0016–7800 Band 157 Heft 1–4 S. 241–260 Wien, Dezember 2017 Scleractinian corals from the upper Aptian–Albian of the Garschella Formation of central Europe (western Austria; eastern Switzerland): The Albian ROSEMARIE CHRistiNE BARON-SZABO* 2 Text-Figures, 2 Tables, 2 Plates Österreichische Karte 1:50.000 Albian BMN / UTM western Austria 111 Dornbirn / NL 32-02-23 Feldkirch eastern Switzerland 112 Bezau / NL 32-02-24 Hohenems Garschella Formation 141 Feldkirch Taxonomy Scleractinia Contents Abstract ............................................................................................... 242 Zusammenfassung ....................................................................................... 242 Introduction............................................................................................. 242 Material................................................................................................ 243 Lithology and occurrence of the Garschella Formation ............................................................ 244 Albian scleractinian -
Sea Experience in Developing Countries
Chapter 6 SEA EXPERIENCE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Increasingly, developing countries are experimenting with SEA and some have SEA-type approaches and elements in place already. There is also considerable experience with using a variety of strategic planning processes that display many of the characteristics of SEA (para SEA). We focus first on SEA in southern Africa where a dedicated regional workshop on SEA was organised to feed into this review (SAIEA 2003a), followed by sections covering francophone Africa, the rest of sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, Asia and elsewhere. But our survey of this field represents no more than a preliminary reconnaissance. Selected examples of SEA and para SEA illustrate some of the indigenous approaches that have been adopted. These are less common than SEAs promoted and funded by development assistance agencies (which are reviewed in Chapter 4). In most cases where formal SEA has been undertaken in developing countries, the basic aim and approach has mirrored that in the north – namely to identify the environmental consequences (and associated social and economic effects) of existing, new or revised policies, plans and programmes. These represent only a small number of the broad family of SEA approaches. But they are a highly visible sub-set of the large suite of informal or para-SEAs which form part of development policy-making, land use planning or resource management. No strict boundaries can be drawn for this latter area of application. Only the more evident SEA type elements and approaches are introduced in this chapter. Nevertheless, they indicate the scope and diversity of the extended SEA family in developing countries, where political and economic realities constrain what can be done. -
Hafnium and Neodymium Isotopes in Surface Waters of the Eastern Atlantic Ocean: Implications for Sources and Inputs of Trace Metals to the Ocean
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 74 (2010) 540–557 www.elsevier.com/locate/gca Hafnium and neodymium isotopes in surface waters of the eastern Atlantic Ocean: Implications for sources and inputs of trace metals to the ocean J. Rickli a,*, M. Frank b, A.R. Baker c, S. Aciego a, G. de Souza a, R.B. Georg d, A.N. Halliday d a ETH Zurich, Institute for Isotope Geochemistry and Mineral Resources, Clausiusstrasse 25, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland b IFM-GEOMAR, Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences, 24148 Kiel, Germany c School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK d Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PR, UK Received 14 January 2009; accepted in revised form 30 September 2009; available online 7 October 2009 Abstract We present hafnium (Hf) and neodymium (Nd) isotopic compositions and concentrations in surface waters of the eastern Atlantic Ocean between the coast of Spain and South-Africa. These data are complemented by Hf and Nd isotopic and con- centration data, as well as rare earth element (REE) concentrations, in Saharan dust. Hafnium concentrations range between a maximum of 0.52 pmol/kg in the area of the Canary Islands and a minimum value of 0.08 pmol/kg in the southern Angola Basin. Neodymium concentrations also show a local maximum in the area of the Canary Islands (26 pmol/kg) but are even higher between ~20°N and ~4°N reaching maximum concentrations of 35 pmol/kg. These elevated concentrations provide evidence of inputs from weathering of the Canary Islands and from the partial dissolution of dust from the Sahara/Sahel region. -
Valanginian Knowles Limestone, East Texas: Biostratigraphy and Potential Hydrocarbon Reservoir 81
A Publication of the Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies www.gcags.org V K L, E T: B P H R Robert W. Scott Precision Stratigraphy Associates, 149 W. Ridge Rd., Cleveland, Oklahoma 74020–5037, U.S.A. ABSTRACT The Lower Cretaceous Knowles Limestone is the uppermost unit of the Cotton Valley Group in the northeastern Texas Gulf Coast. It is the oldest Cretaceous carbonate shelf deposit that is a prospective reservoir. This shallow shelf-to-ramp shoal- ing-up complex is an arcuate lenticular lithosome that trends from East Texas across northwestern Louisiana. It is up to 330 m (1080 ft) thick and thins both landward and basinward. Landward lagoonal inner ramp facies are mollusk wackestone and peloidal packstone. The thickest buildup facies are coral-chlorophyte-calcimicrobial boundstone and bioclast grainstone, and the basinward facies is pelagic oncolite wackestone. The base of the Knowles is apparently conformable with the Bossier/Hico dark gray shale. The top contact in East Texas is disconformable with the overlying Travis Peak/Hosston formations. Porosity resulted from successive diagenetic stages including early marine fringing cements, dissolution of aragonitic bioclasts, micrite encrustation, later mosaic cement, and local fine crystalline dolomitization. The age of the Knowles Limestone is early Valanginian based on a calpionellid-calcareous dinoflagellate-calcareous nan- nofossil assemblage in the lower part and a coral-stromatoporoid assemblage in its upper part. The intra-Valanginian hiatus represented by the Knowles/Travis Peak unconformity correlates with the Valanginian “Weissert” oceanic anoxic event. Possi- bly organic-rich source rocks were deposited downdip during that oceanic low-oxygen event. -
Systematic Paleontology.……………………………………………………18
A NOVEL ASSEMBLAGE OF DECAPOD CRUSTACEA, FROM A TITHONIAN CORAL REEF OLISTOLITH, PURCĂRENI, ROMANIA: SYSTEMATICAL ARRANGEMENT AND BIOGEOGRAPHICAL PERSPECTIVE A thesis submitted to Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science by Aubrey M. Shirk December, 2006 Thesis written by Aubrey M. Shirk B.S., South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 2003 M.S., Kent State University, 2006 Approved by _________________________________________, Advisor Dr. Rodney Feldmann _________________________________________, Chair, Department of Geology Dr. Donald Palmer _________________________________________, Associate Dean, College of Arts and Dr. John R. Stalvey Sciences ii DEPARMENT OF GEOLOGY THESIS APPROVAL FORM This thesis entitled A NOVEL ASSEMBLAGE OF DECAPOD CRUSTACEA, FROM A TITHONIAN CORAL REEF OLISTOLITH, PURCĂRENI, ROMANIA: SYSTEMATICAL ARRANGEMENT AND BIOGEOGRAPHICAL PERSPECTIVE has been submitted by Aubrey Mae Shirk in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science in Geology. The undersigned members of the student’s thesis committee have read this thesis and indicate their approval or disapproval of same. Approval Date Disapproval Date __________________________________ ______________________________ Dr. Rodney Feldmann 11/16/2006 ___________________________________ ______________________________ Dr. Carrie Schweitzer 11/16/2006 ___________________________________ ______________________________ Dr. Neil Wells 11/16/2006 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS…..………………………………………………….………...xi -
Deep Sea Drilling Project Initial Reports Volume 40
28. LEG 40 RESULTS IN RELATION TO CONTINENTAL SHELF AND ONSHORE GEOLOGY William G. Siesser, Department of Geology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa INTRODUCTION tion of basins; instead a sediment wedge has prograded seaward in a deltaic fashion (Scrutton and Dingle, This study compares and contrasts the sedimentary 1974). However, there is some suggestion that history of the onshore coastal region and the continen- marginal-fracture zones striking perpendicular to the tal shelf along the west coast of South Africa, South coast have acted as lines of differential subsidence, thus West Africa, and Angola with that of the outer con- exercising some control over the movement of tinental margin of those countries (Figure 1), as shown sediments parallel to the coast (Scrutton and Dingle, by Leg 40 drilling. 1974). This situation is in contrast to the Cuanza Basin of Geologic Setting: Mesozoic and Tertiary Sedimentation Angola, where sedimentation has been controlled by a Southern Africa underwent its last orogenic phase marginal basement plateau, a number of basement during the Triassic, raising up the Cape Fold Belt. highs, and salt structures (Scrutton and Dingle, 1974). Although no further orogenies occurred, southern Africa remained a high continental mass throughout Onshore the Mesozoic and Cenozoic owing to repeated epeiro- Only two Cretaceous exposures have been reported genic uplift. Epeirogenesis had a characteristic and between Cape Agulhas and the Kunene River. The repeated pattern: maximum uplift occurred in a zone southernmost is a deposit of nonmarine clayey sands near the coastal margin (somewhat seaward of what is (with calcareous concretions) containing bones of the now the Great Escarpment), resulting in a steep dinosaur Kangnasaurus coetzeei, calcified and silicified seaward tilting on the outer side and a gentler inland wood, and streaks of lignite (Rogers, 1915). -
Deep Sea Drilling Project Initial Reports Volume 47 Part 2
INDEX Acaeniotyle umbilicata Zone, 668 Background and objectives, Site 398, 26 Acoustic Bacterial, sulfate reduction, 733 anisotropy, 59, 585 activity, 44 basement, 86, 639 Base-of-slope province, 374 impedance, computation of, 625, Site 398, 63 Basement, 639 pseudologs, 623 Basins and Site 398, correlation between regional, 647 stratigraphy, 91, 639 Bedoulian group, 290 Site 398, 761 Bejaouaennsis Zone (MCi 23), 292 unit 3, nature of, 86 Belemnites, 55, 297 velocity, 585 Benthic, foraminifers, 729 Age of opening of North Atlantic, 28 assemblages, 293 Agglutinated foraminifers, 290, 294, 691 residual, 290, 293, 295 residual, 292 Betic system, 658 Algerianus Zone (Mci 21), foraminifers, 291 Biogenic activity, indexes of organic matter, 419 Alkalinity, 578 minerals, Lower Cretaceous sediments, 686 Alteration indexes, 543 Biostratigraphy, 69 Ammonites, 56, 75, 290, 297 Cenozoic foraminifers, 69, 255 Douvilleiceras mammilatum Zone, 362 Lower Cretaceous, 688 Euhoplites lautus Zone, 362 nannofossils, 327 loricatus Zone, 362 Bioturbation: See Burrows Hoplites dentatus Zone, 362 evidence for, 258 Lower Cretaceous, 361 Bitumen content, Hole 397 sediments, 543 systematic descriptions, 362 Black shale deposition, 30, 55, 56, 405, 437, 665, 667 Amorphous kerogen, 550 719 Ampere Bank, 659 analysis of, 472 Angola Basin, 575, 735 organic matter in, 719 Angular unconformity, 56, 93 Block-faulting, 93 Anistropy, degree of cementation, relationship to, 585 Bottom currents, 375, 380 Anomaly /, 639 temperatures, 511 MO, 639 water, formation of, Antarctic, -
Albian Corals from the Subpelagonian Zone of Central Greece (Agrostylia, Parnassos Region)
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae (2002), vol. 72: 1-65. ALBIAN CORALS FROM THE SUBPELAGONIAN ZONE OF CENTRAL GREECE (AGROSTYLIA, PARNASSOS REGION) Elżbieta MORYCOWA1 & Anastasia MARCOPOULOU-DIACANTONI2 1 Institute o f Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Oleandry 2a, 30-063 Kraków, Poland, e-mail: [email protected] 2 Department o f Historical Geology and Paleontology, University o f Athens, Panepistimioupoli, 15784 Athens, Greece, e-mail: [email protected] Morycowa, E. & Marcopoulou-Diacantoni, A., 2002. Albian corals from the Subpelagonian Zone of Central Greece (Agrostylia, Pamassos region). Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae, 72: 1-65. Abstract: Shallow-water scleractinian corals from Cretaceous allochthonous sediments of the Subpelagonian Zone in Agrostylia (Pamassos region, Central Greece) represent 47 taxa belonging to 35 genera, 15 families and 8 suborders; of these 3 new genera and 9 new species are described. Among these taxa, 5 were identified only at the generic level. One octocorallian species has also been identified. This coral assemblage is representative for late Early Cretaceous Tethyan realm but also shows some endemism. A characteristic feature of this scleractinian coral assemblage is the abundance of specimens from the suborder Rhipidogyrina. The Albian age of the corals discussed is indicated by the whole studied coral fauna, associated foraminifers, calpionellids and calcareous dinoflagellates. Key words: Scleractinia, Octocorallia, Pamassos, Greece, Albian, taxonomy, palaeogeography. Manuscript received 3 December 2001, accepted 8 April 2002 INTRODUCTION Several occurrences of Cretaceous scleractinian corals and Morycowa & Kołodziej (2001) on corals from the from Greece have been mentioned in the literature (see e.g., Agrostylia valley in Pamassos (Albian, corrected from Al Celet, 1962), but not many taxonomic studies have been bian- ?Cenomanian).