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Yamalia English Language Teachers’ Association
Yamalia English Language Teachers’ Association YAMALIA – THE BACK OF BEYOND A Series of English Lessons in Yamalia Studies Edited by Eugene Kolyadin Yelena Gorshkova Oxana Sokolenko Irina Kolyadina Based on teaching materials created by Alevtina Andreyeva (Salemal), Svetlana Bochkaryova (Salekhard), Natalia Bordzilovskaya (Noyabrsk), Natalia Derevyanko (Noyabrsk), Yelena Gorshkova (Gubkinsky), Olga Grinkevich (Muravlenko), Tamara Khokhlova (Noyabrsk), Anzhelika Khokhlyutina (Muravlenko), Irina Kolyadina (Gubkinsky), Yulia Rudakova (Nadym), Irina Rusina (Noyabrsk), Diana Saitova (Nadym), Yulia Sibulatova (Nadym), Natalia Soip (Nadym), Yelena Ten (Nadymsky district), Natalya Togo (Nyda), Olga Yelizarova (Noyabrsk), Alfiya Yusupova (Muravlenko), Irina Zinkovskaya (Nadym) Phonetic and Listening Comprehension tapescripts sounded by Svetlana Filippova, Associate Professor, Nizhny Novgorod Dobrolyubov State Linguistics University Gubkinsky Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug 2015 2 Yamalia English Language Teachers’ Association Yamalia – the Back of Beyond. A Series of English Lessons in Yamalia Studies: Сборник учебно-методических материалов для проведения учебных занятий по регионоведению Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа на английском языке в 8 – 11 классах средних общеобразовательных организаций / Под ред. Е.А. Колядина, Е.А. Горшковой, И.А. Колядиной, О.Б. Соколенко. – Губкинский, 2015. – 82 c. – На англ. яз. Yamalia – the Back of Beyond 3 FOREWORD1 The booklet you are holding in your hands now is a fruit of collaboration of tens of Yamalia teachers of English from different parts of the okrug. The main goal of the authors’ team was to summarise the best practices developed by the okrug educators as well as their expertise in teaching regional studies and disseminate that all around Yamalia. We think that it is a brilliant idea to arm our teachers with ready-made though flexible to adaptation lessons to teach students to different aspects of life in our lands in English. -
Mechanisms of Synaptic Plasticity Mediated by Clathrin Adaptor-Protein Complexes 1 and 2 in Mice
Mechanisms of synaptic plasticity mediated by Clathrin Adaptor-protein complexes 1 and 2 in mice Dissertation for the award of the degree “Doctor rerum naturalium” at the Georg-August-University Göttingen within the doctoral program “Molecular Biology of Cells” of the Georg-August University School of Science (GAUSS) Submitted by Ratnakar Mishra Born in Birpur, Bihar, India Göttingen, Germany 2019 1 Members of the Thesis Committee Prof. Dr. Peter Schu Institute for Cellular Biochemistry, (Supervisor and first referee) University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany Dr. Hans Dieter Schmitt Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute (Second referee) for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany Prof. Dr. med. Thomas A. Bayer Division of Molecular Psychiatry, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany Additional Members of the Examination Board Prof. Dr. Silvio O. Rizzoli Department of Neuro-and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany Dr. Roland Dosch Institute of Developmental Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany Prof. Dr. med. Martin Oppermann Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany Date of oral examination: 14th may 2019 2 Table of Contents List of abbreviations ................................................................................. 5 Abstract ................................................................................................... 7 Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................ -
Comparative Morphology of the Male Genitalia in Lepidoptera
COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF THE MALE GENITALIA IN LEPIDOPTERA. By DEV RAJ MEHTA, M. Sc.~ Ph. D. (Canta.b.), 'Univefsity Scholar of the Government of the Punjab, India (Department of Zoology, University of Oambridge). CONTENTS. PAGE. Introduction 197 Historical Review 199 Technique. 201 N ontenclature 201 Function • 205 Comparative Morphology 206 Conclusions in Phylogeny 257 Summary 261 Literature 1 262 INTRODUCTION. In the domains of both Morphology and Taxonomy the study' of Insect genitalia has evoked considerable interest during the past half century. Zander (1900, 1901, 1903) suggested a common structural plan for the genitalia in various orders of insects. This work stimulated further research and his conclusions were amplified by Crampton (1920) who homologized the different parts in the genitalia of Hymenoptera, Mecoptera, Neuroptera, Diptera, Trichoptera Lepidoptera, Hemiptera and Strepsiptera with those of more generalized insects like the Ephe meroptera and Thysanura. During this time the use of genitalic charac ters for taxonomic purposes was also realized particularly in cases where the other imaginal characters had failed to serve. In this con nection may be mentioned the work of Buchanan White (1876), Gosse (1883), Bethune Baker (1914), Pierce (1909, 1914, 1922) and others. Also, a comparative account of the genitalia, as a basis for the phylo genetic study of different insect orders, was employed by Walker (1919), Sharp and Muir (1912), Singh-Pruthi (1925) and Cole (1927), in Orthop tera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera and the Diptera respectively. It is sur prising, work of this nature having been found so useful in these groups, that an important order like the Lepidoptera should have escaped careful analysis at the hands of the morphologists. -
Adenosine Enhances Sweet Taste Through A2B Receptors in the Taste Bud
322 • The Journal of Neuroscience, January 4, 2012 • 32(1):322–330 Cellular/Molecular Adenosine Enhances Sweet Taste through A2B Receptors in the Taste Bud Robin Dando,1* Gennady Dvoryanchikov,1* Elizabeth Pereira,1 Nirupa Chaudhari,1,2 and Stephen D. Roper1,2 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics and 2Program in Neuroscience, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136 Mammalian taste buds use ATP as a neurotransmitter. Taste Receptor (type II) cells secrete ATP via gap junction hemichannels into the narrowextracellularspaceswithinatastebud.ThisATPexcitesprimarysensoryafferentfibersandalsostimulatesneighboringtastebud cells.HereweshowthatextracellularATPisenzymaticallydegradedtoadenosinewithinmousevallatetastebudsandthatthisnucleoside acts as an autocrine neuromodulator to selectively enhance sweet taste. In Receptor cells in a lingual slice preparation, Ca 2ϩ mobilization evoked by focally applied artificial sweeteners was significantly enhanced by adenosine (50 M). Adenosine had no effect on bitter or umami taste responses, and the nucleoside did not affect Presynaptic (type III) taste cells. We also used biosensor cells to measure transmitter release from isolated taste buds. Adenosine (5 M) enhanced ATP release evoked by sweet but not bitter taste stimuli. Using single-cellreversetranscriptase(RT)-PCRonisolatedvallatetastecells,weshowthatmanyReceptorcellsexpresstheadenosinereceptor, Adora2b, while Presynaptic (type III) and Glial-like (type I) cells seldom do. Furthermore, Adora2b receptors are significantly associated with expression of the sweet taste receptor subunit, Tas1r2. Adenosine is generated during taste stimulation mainly by the action of the ecto-5Ј-nucleotidase, NT5E, and to a lesser extent, prostatic acid phosphatase. Both these ecto-nucleotidases are expressed by Presyn- aptic cells, as shown by single-cell RT-PCR, enzyme histochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Our findings suggest that ATP released during taste reception is degraded to adenosine to exert positive modulation particularly on sweet taste. -
Adolescent Exposure to Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Alters The
Molecular Psychiatry https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-018-0243-x ARTICLE Adolescent exposure to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol alters the transcriptional trajectory and dendritic architecture of prefrontal pyramidal neurons 1,2,3,4,6 1,2,3,4 1,4 1,4 Michael L. Miller ● Benjamin Chadwick ● Dara L. Dickstein ● Immanuel Purushothaman ● 1,2,3,4 1,2,3,4 1,2,4 1,4 2,4,5 Gabor Egervari ● Tanni Rahman ● Chloe Tessereau ● Patrick R. Hof ● Panos Roussos ● 1,4 1,4 1,2,4 Li Shen ● Mark G. Baxter ● Yasmin L. Hurd Received: 5 February 2017 / Revised: 25 July 2018 / Accepted: 8 August 2018 © The Author(s) 2018. This article is published with open access Abstract Neuronal circuits within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) mediate higher cognitive functions and emotional regulation that are disrupted in psychiatric disorders. The PFC undergoes significant maturation during adolescence, a period when cannabis use in humans has been linked to subsequent vulnerability to psychiatric disorders such as addiction and schizophrenia. Here, we investigated in a rat model the effects of adolescent exposure to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a psychoactive 1234567890();,: 1234567890();,: component of cannabis, on the morphological architecture and transcriptional profile of layer III pyramidal neurons—using cell type- and layer-specific high-resolution microscopy, laser capture microdissection and next-generation RNA- sequencing. The results confirmed known normal expansions in basal dendritic arborization and dendritic spine pruning during the transition from late adolescence to early adulthood that were accompanied by differential expression of gene networks associated with neurodevelopment in control animals. In contrast, THC exposure disrupted the normal developmental process by inducing premature pruning of dendritic spines and allostatic atrophy of dendritic arborization in early adulthood. -
I REGENERATIVE MEDICINE APPROACHES to SPINAL CORD
REGENERATIVE MEDICINE APPROACHES TO SPINAL CORD INJURY A Dissertation Presented to The Graduate Faculty of The University of Akron In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Ashley Elizabeth Mohrman March 2017 i ABSTRACT Hundreds of thousands of people suffer from spinal cord injuries in the U.S.A. alone, with very few patients ever experiencing complete recovery. Complexity of the tissue and inflammatory response contribute to this lack of recovery, as the proper function of the central nervous system relies on its highly specific structural and spatial organization. The overall goal of this dissertation project is to study the central nervous system in the healthy and injured state so as to devise appropriate strategies to recover tissue homeostasis, and ultimately function, from an injured state. A specific spinal cord injury model, syringomyelia, was studied; this condition presents as a fluid filled cyst within the spinal cord. Molecular evaluation at three and six weeks post-injury revealed a large inflammatory response including leukocyte invasion, losses in neuronal transmission and signaling, and upregulation in important osmoregulators. These included osmotic stress regulating metabolites betaine and taurine, as well as the betaine/GABA transporter (BGT-1), potassium chloride transporter (KCC4), and water transporter aquaporin 1 (AQP1). To study cellular behavior in native tissue, adult neural stem cells from the subventricular niche were differentiated in vitro. These cells were tested under various culture conditions for cell phenotype preferences. A mostly pure (>80%) population of neural stem cells could be specified using soft, hydrogel substrates with a laminin coating and interferon-γ supplementation. -
The Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation
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By J. Bequaert
1V.-ANTS IN THEIR DIVERSE RELATIOSS TO THE PLANT WORLD BY J. BEQUAERT The following contribution is an attempt to summarize what is known at present of the widely varied and often intricate relations which exist in nature between ants and vegetation. It has primarily grown out of an examination of certain so-called ‘‘ myrmecophytes,” or ant-plants, which I frequently came across during my travels in the Belgian Congo in quest of zoological and botanical specimens. Prof. Wheeler’s study of the feeding habits of the larva of certain plant-inhabiting ants col- lected by Messrs. H. Lang and J. P. Chapin and myself in the Congo, and Prof. I. W. Bailey’s investigation of the anatomy of myrmecophytes show that the whole subject of the mutual adaptations of plants and ants is in need of a thorough revision. It thus seemed appropriate that the present opportunity be used to bring together the many isolated and scattered observations which have been made on the interrelations of these organisms. Indeed, the problem of myrmecophytism is dominated by the feeding habits of the ants and their young and, until these are perfectly understood, we can scarcely hope to grasp the true ecological meaning and the probable origin of the extreme cases of apparent or true symbiosis between certain ants and certain species of plants. It is, therefore, of the utmost importance to inquire carefully into the various ways in which ants are wont to benefit by the vegetation. Although much time has been spent in consulting botanical and entomological papers for information bearing on the subject, undoubted- ly a number of interesting observations have escaped my notice. -
The Synapse As a Central Target for Neurodevelopmental Susceptibility to Pesticides
toxics Review The Synapse as a Central Target for Neurodevelopmental Susceptibility to Pesticides Aimee Vester 1 and W. Michael Caudle 1,2,* 1 Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; [email protected] 2 Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-404-712-8432 Academic Editor: David R. Wallace Received: 30 June 2016; Accepted: 17 August 2016; Published: 26 August 2016 Abstract: The developmental period of the nervous system is carefully orchestrated and highly vulnerable to alterations. One crucial factor of a properly-functioning nervous system is the synapse, as synaptic signaling is critical for the formation and maturation of neural circuits. Studies show that genetic and environmental impacts can affect diverse components of synaptic function. Importantly, synaptic dysfunction is known to be associated with neurologic and psychiatric disorders, as well as more subtle cognitive, psychomotor, and sensory defects. Given the importance of the synapse in numerous domains, we wanted to delineate the effects of pesticide exposure on synaptic function. In this review, we summarize current epidemiologic and molecular studies that demonstrate organochlorine, organophosphate, and pyrethroid pesticide exposures target the developing synapse. We postulate that the synapse plays a central role in synaptic vulnerability to pesticide exposure during neurodevelopment, and the synapse is a worthy candidate for investigating more subtle effects of chronic pesticide exposure in future studies. Keywords: dopamine; GABA; glutamate; neurodevelopment; neurotoxicity; organochlorine; organophosphate; pesticide; pyrethroid; synapse 1. Neurodevelopment Neurodevelopment is comprised of a highly orchestrated sequence of biological processes, including proliferation, migration, differentiation, and synaptogenesis, which must occur for the normal development and function of the nervous system. -
Beneficial Effects of Caffeine Consumption on Diabetes-Induced Alterations in the Hippocampus
BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF CAFFEINE CONSUMPTION ON DIABETES-INDUCED ALTERATIONS IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS João Miguel das Neves Duarte Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra Coimbra 2008 Dissertação apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra, para prestação de provas de doutoramento em Bioquímica, na especialidade de Bioquímica. O trabalho exeprimental que constitui a presente tese foi realizado em Coimbra, Departamento de Bioquímica da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra e no Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular, e em Lausanne, no Centre d'Imagerie BioMédicale. ERRATA João Miguel das Neves Duarte PhD Thesis These are the typos and errors that should be corrected in the thesis: Page Paragraph Line Reads Should be Front page 5 2 “…especialidade de “…especialidade de Bioquímica.” Bioenergética.” xiii 1 8 “…compensação osmotica…” “…compensação osmótica…” 5 1 3 “Lunetta et al,. 1994” “Lunetta et al., 1994” 5 1 5 “Gradmann et al, 1993” “Gradmann et al., 1993” 45 3 5 “…in ethanol ethanol “…in ethanol solutions…” solutions…” 122 2 9 “…crossing and reading “…crossing and rearing events… events… 126 1 9 “…(figures 4.39C).” “…(figure 4.39C).” 138 2 7 “…and that it has…” “…and it has…” 145 2 5 “…must by related…” “…must be related…” 148 1 6 “(P>0.05, n=4, Figure 4.52D)” “(P>0.05, n=4, Figure 4.53D)” 149 1 5 “…showed a increase…” “…showed an increase…” 150 Caption of 9 “…immunoreactivity ehich “…immunoreactivity, which Figure 4.55 was…” was…” Figures 4.52 to 4.55 lack reference to the amount of protein applied in the SDS-PAGE gel. -
Neuroinflammation, Glutamate Regulation and Memory
Neuroinflammation, Glutamate Regulation and Memory. DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Holly M. Brothers, M.A. Graduate Program in Psychology The Ohio State University 2013 Dissertation Committee: Gary G. Berntson, John P. Bruno, Phillip G. Popovich, and Gary L. Wenk Copyrighted by Holly Marie Brothers 2013 Abstract Neuroinflammation and excessive glutamatergic signaling have deleterious effects in the brain, are mutually promoting, and play a role in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. It was my goal to better understand the relationship between neuroinflammation, glutamate dysregulation and clinical symptoms, as well as identify potential therapeutic targets. To do this, I studied molecular, cellular and behavioral outcomes across various time points in young rats with experimentally-induced chronic neuroinflammation and older rats with age-associated neuroinflammation. I focused on Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s (PD), and tested only treatments that had therapeutic potential in a clinical setting. These studies led to a number of important discoveries, summarized below. I first investigated the effects of reducing pre-synaptic glutamate release by caffeine treatment, and discovered that caffeine attenuated experimentally-induced but not age- associated neuroinflammation and was not sufficient to improve cognitive performance (Chapter 2). During these investigations, I discovered that young rats with experimentally- induced neuroinflammation reared on their hind legs less, a behavioral change associated with PD. Therefore, I next expanded the scope of my studies to include a thorough investigation of brain systems that degenerate in PD, the basal ganglia and brainstem, using our model of chronic neuroinflammation (Chapter 3). -
SELECTED ACTIVITIES RELATED to CLIMATE CHANGE, TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE and EDUCATION in REINDEER HUSBANDRY 2016 - 2018
For the Barents Working Group of Indigenous Peoples (WGIP): SELECTED ACTIVITIES RELATED TO CLIMATE CHANGE, TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE and EDUCATION IN REINDEER HUSBANDRY 2016 - 2018. Reindeer herders traditionalfrom knowledge - transforming indigenous economy in the circumpolar north – side event UniversitySeptember of the 11 Arcticth UArctic Institute Conference for Circumpolar St Petersburg Reindeer 2016. Husbandry Unprecedented climate challenges and threats to reindeer husbandry will effects low sustainability of reindeer(UArctic herding EALÁT economy Institute) in the(UEI) circumpolar north, effecting local communities and environment. Future sustainable governance of reindeer husbandry might face major challenges related to these rapid changes. Reindeer husbandry represents a livelihood and way of life based on practices and knowledge developed through long-term COORDINATEDexperiences AT in livingINTERNATIONAL under harsh and CENTREhighly variable FOR conditions. REINDEER Therefore, HUSBANDRY reindeer herders’ traditional knowledge, culture, and language(ICR) provide a central foundation for rebuilding social ecological resilience locally, to be used to navigate through future shocks and disturbances. This workshop will explore potential ways to full and effective participation of indigenous reindeer herder towards ecologically, socially and economically sustainable societies. Governance of Arctic resources have to reconnect to our planet, and to the original indigenous knowledge base. Our vision is to develop adaptive skills to sustaining