Peloponnesian War A Civil War

●Delian League ● Controlled by Athens…a Naval power!

●Peloponnesian League ● Controlled by Sparta…a military machine! Trouble Brewing…

● Athens power is increasing through the Delian League…Sparta feels threatened.

● Athens controls trade routes of grain and other foods

● 431 B.C. Sparta gives an ultimatum: Free all the cities under your control or else face war. War Begins… ● Sparta attacked Athens in 431 BC ● Athens didn’t want to fight Sparta on land, so they went behind the city walls ● Sparta burned the farmland/countryside ● Pericles wanted to wait out the Spartan military but a plague hit ■ 1 out of 4 people died…including Pericles City Walls of Athens Deadlock

● Food was scarce because Sparta burned the land ● Labor was short because slaves escaped to Sparta ● Athens won sea battles & Sparta won land battles ● Then, Sparta gained an ally…. Spartan’s Help…

● The Persians agreed to help Sparta with $$$ to build a bigger Naval fleet. ○ The Persians were still an enemy of Greece, but they hoped the city-states would destroy each other. The End is Near ● Sparta gained control of Athens’ port. ○ Athens left their boats in the harbor to get supplies & Sparta took them. BAD MOVE ☺ ● News Spread back to Athens and they barricaded themselves inside Athens. ● Spartans cut off supplies by land and water…Athens was forced to give up in 404 B.C Results of the War

● 27 years of war ○ Cities and crops destroyed ○ Economic and military power lost ● Democracy is in decline ● A united Greece was over ● New Power…Philip II of Macedon looked to take over the Greek city-states Peloponnesian War Summary