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Sequence of Post-Moult Exoskeleton Hardening Preserved in a Trilobite Mass Moult Assemblage from the Lower Ordovician Fezouata Konservat-Lagerstätte, Morocco
Editors' choice Sequence of post-moult exoskeleton hardening preserved in a trilobite mass moult assemblage from the Lower Ordovician Fezouata Konservat-Lagerstätte, Morocco HARRIET B. DRAGE, THIJS R.A. VANDENBROUCKE, PETER VAN ROY, and ALLISON C. DALEY Drage, H.B., Vandenbroucke, T.R.A., Van Roy, P., and Daley, A.C. 2019. Sequence of post-moult exoskeleton hardening preserved in a trilobite mass moult assemblage from the Lower Ordovician Fezouata Konservat-Lagerstätte, Morocco. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 64 (2): 261–273. Euarthropods have a tough exoskeleton that provides crucial protection from predation and parasitism. However, this is restrictive to growth and must be periodically moulted. The moulting sequence is well-known from extant arthropods, consisting of: (i) the long inter-moult stage, in which no changes occur to the hardened exoskeleton; (ii) the pre-moult stage where the old exoskeleton is detached and the new one secreted; (iii) exuviation, when the old exoskeleton is moulted; and (iv) the post-moult stage during which the new exoskeleton starts as soft, thin, and partially compressed and gradually hardens to the robust exoskeleton of the inter-moult stage. Trilobite fossils typically consist of inter-moult carcasses or moulted exuviae, but specimens preserving the post-moult stage are rare. Here we describe nine specimens assigned to Symphysurus ebbestadi representing the first group of contemporaneous fossils collected that preserve all key stages of the moulting process in one taxon, including the post-moult stage. They were collected from a single lens in the Tremadocian part of the Fezouata Shale Formation, Morocco. Based on cephalic displacement and comparison to other trilobite moults, one specimen appears to represent a moulted exoskeleton. -
Moscow Formation) in Erie County , Ny
BIOSTRATIGRAPHY AND PALEOECOLO GY OF THE WINDOM SHALE MEMBER (MOSCOW FORMATION) IN ERIE COUNTY , NY. Carlton E. Brett) State University of New York at Buffalo INTRODUCTION The exposures of Hamilton strata along Lake Erie shore and in various creek beds in Erie County south of Buffalo a r e among the best- known and most thoroughly- studied Middle Devonian fossiliferous sequences in the world. The monumental studies of James Hall and A. W. Grabau (1898, 1899) provided a solid back ground for numerous later studies . Yet , in over a century of study, many biostratigraphic and paleoecological problems remain unlnvestigated . Recently , an exceptionally large and complete section of the Windom Shale (Moscow Formation) has been exposed 1n the shale quarries of Penn Dixie Cement Co . near Bayview , N. Y, This outcrop provides an excellent opportunity for detailed study of the fossil horizons of this upper Hamilton unit . Discovery of several new and little- known horizons at this quarry have led to the present restudy of biostratigraphy of the Windom in Erie County . STRATIGRAPHY From its type locality at Smokes Creek near Windom , Erie County N. Y., the Windom Member can be traced eastward nearly 200 miles to the vicinity of Skaneateles Lake (see Rickard, 1964) where the unit becomes sandy and grades into the Cooperstown shales and sandstones . Over mos t of this interval the Windom is a grey , calcareous shale . It is fossiliferous throughout most of its thickness and contains a characteristic IIMoscow Facies" suite fossils. In Erie County the Windom ranges from 9 to 50 ft . in thickness and is composed dominantly of soft, fissile medium- gray shale with thin bands of fossiliferous limestone . -
Instituto De Geociências Revisão Sistemática E
UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO INSTITUTO DE GEOCIÊNCIAS REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA E PALEOBIOGEOGRÁFICA DE TRILOBITAS PHACOPIDA (HOMALONOTIDAE E CALMONIIDAE) DO DEVONIANO DAS BACIAS DO PARNAÍBA E AMAZONAS, BRASIL Felipe van Enck Meira Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Geoquímica e Geotectônica do Instituto de Geociências da Universidade de São Paulo, como parte dos requisitos para a obtenção do título de doutor. Orientadora: Prof. Dra. Juliana de Moraes Leme TESE DE DOUTORAMENTO Programa de Pós-graduação em Geoquímica e Geotectônica São Paulo 2016 “Kites rise highest against the wind - not with it.” - Winston Churchill Agradecimentos Agradeço a Deus, por sempre iluminar o caminho durante esses anos de altos e baixos do Doutorado. Agradeço a Ele também por enviar dois verdadeiros anjos da guarda à minha vida – minha esposa Angela Faleiros van Enck Meira e meu filho, Thomas Faleiros van Enck Meira. Agradeço a meus pais, José Carlos e Sylvia, e à minha irmã, Patrícia, pelo apoio durante a jornada, ainda que à distância, por vezes. Sou grato aos meus sogros, Jair e Lucia, que sempre foram como verdadeiros pais e conselheiros. À FAPESP (Processo n° 2012/07075-3), pelo suporte financeiro, sem o qual o Doutorado não seria viável. À minha orientadora, Drª. Juliana de Moraes Leme, pela orientação, discussões e esclarecimentos pertinentes ao projeto. Ao Doutorando Fabio Carbonaro e ao Dr. Renato Ghilardi (UNESP-Bauru), pela parceria e por discussões importantes na realização do trabalho. À Drª. Niède Guidon (FUMDHAM), pelo empréstimo de fósseis da região de São João Vermelho (Piauí), estudados aqui. Sou grato às seguintes pessoas, por permitirem meu acesso às instituições para visita de acervos, e por sua disponibilidade, atenção e ajuda durante minha permanência: Bushra Hussaini (AMNH), Flávia Alessandra Figueiredo, Mônica de Medina Coeli, Dr. -
Available Generic Names for Trilobites
AVAILABLE GENERIC NAMES FOR TRILOBITES P.A. JELL AND J.M. ADRAIN Jell, P.A. & Adrain, J.M. 30 8 2002: Available generic names for trilobites. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 48(2): 331-553. Brisbane. ISSN0079-8835. Aconsolidated list of available generic names introduced since the beginning of the binomial nomenclature system for trilobites is presented for the first time. Each entry is accompanied by the author and date of availability, by the name of the type species, by a lithostratigraphic or biostratigraphic and geographic reference for the type species, by a family assignment and by an age indication of the type species at the Period level (e.g. MCAM, LDEV). A second listing of these names is taxonomically arranged in families with the families listed alphabetically, higher level classification being outside the scope of this work. We also provide a list of names that have apparently been applied to trilobites but which remain nomina nuda within the ICZN definition. Peter A. Jell, Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia; Jonathan M. Adrain, Department of Geoscience, 121 Trowbridge Hall, Univ- ersity of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA; 1 August 2002. p Trilobites, generic names, checklist. Trilobite fossils attracted the attention of could find. This list was copied on an early spirit humans in different parts of the world from the stencil machine to some 20 or more trilobite very beginning, probably even prehistoric times. workers around the world, principally those who In the 1700s various European natural historians would author the 1959 Treatise edition. Weller began systematic study of living and fossil also drew on this compilation for his Presidential organisms including trilobites. -
001-012 Primeras Páginas
PUBLICACIONES DEL INSTITUTO GEOLÓGICO Y MINERO DE ESPAÑA Serie: CUADERNOS DEL MUSEO GEOMINERO. Nº 9 ADVANCES IN TRILOBITE RESEARCH ADVANCES IN TRILOBITE RESEARCH IN ADVANCES ADVANCES IN TRILOBITE RESEARCH IN ADVANCES planeta tierra Editors: I. Rábano, R. Gozalo and Ciencias de la Tierra para la Sociedad D. García-Bellido 9 788478 407590 MINISTERIO MINISTERIO DE CIENCIA DE CIENCIA E INNOVACIÓN E INNOVACIÓN ADVANCES IN TRILOBITE RESEARCH Editors: I. Rábano, R. Gozalo and D. García-Bellido Instituto Geológico y Minero de España Madrid, 2008 Serie: CUADERNOS DEL MUSEO GEOMINERO, Nº 9 INTERNATIONAL TRILOBITE CONFERENCE (4. 2008. Toledo) Advances in trilobite research: Fourth International Trilobite Conference, Toledo, June,16-24, 2008 / I. Rábano, R. Gozalo and D. García-Bellido, eds.- Madrid: Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, 2008. 448 pgs; ils; 24 cm .- (Cuadernos del Museo Geominero; 9) ISBN 978-84-7840-759-0 1. Fauna trilobites. 2. Congreso. I. Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, ed. II. Rábano,I., ed. III Gozalo, R., ed. IV. García-Bellido, D., ed. 562 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without permission in writing from the publisher. References to this volume: It is suggested that either of the following alternatives should be used for future bibliographic references to the whole or part of this volume: Rábano, I., Gozalo, R. and García-Bellido, D. (eds.) 2008. Advances in trilobite research. Cuadernos del Museo Geominero, 9. -
Injuries and Molting Interference in a Trilobite from the Cambrian (Furongian) of South China
Injuries and molting interference in a trilobite from the Cambrian (Furongian) of South China Ruiwen Zong State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China ABSTRACT An injured Shergoldia laevigata Zhu, Hughes & Peng, 2007 (Trilobita, Asaphida) was collected from the Furongian of Guangxi, South China. The injuries occurred in the left thoracic pleurae possessing two marked V-shaped gaps. It led to substantial transverse shortening of the left pleural segments, with barely perceptible traces of healing. This malformation is interpreted as a sub-lethal attack from an unknown predator. The morphology of injuries and the spatial and temporal distribution of predators indicated that the predatory structure might have been the spines on the ganathobase or ganathobase-like structure of a larger arthropod. There were overlapped segments located in the front of the injuries, and slightly dislocated thoracic segments on the left part of the thorax, suggesting that the trilobite had experienced difficulties during molting. The freshly molted trilobite had dragged forward the old exuvia causing the irregular arrangement of segments. This unusual trilobite specimen indicates that the injuries interfered with molting. Subjects Animal Behavior, Evolutionary Studies, Paleontology Keywords Sub-lethal attack, Shergoldia, Predator-prey interactions, Sandu formation, Guangxi INTRODUCTION Submitted 24 November 2020 Accepted 11 March 2021 Numerous trilobite exoskeleton deformities have been documented, including abnormal Published 7 April 2021 healing, hyperplasia, deformation, and missing or fractured segments. The causes of these Corresponding author deformities are usually thought to be injuries, developmental disorders, and diseases Ruiwen Zong, [email protected] (Owen, 1985; Babcock, 1993; Pates et al., 2017; Bicknell & Pates, 2020). -
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Records of the Western Australian Museum 20: 353-378 (2002). Lower Devonian trilobites from Cobar, New South Wales MaIte Christian Ebach Present address: School of Botany, University of Melbourne, 3010, Australia Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Western Australian Museum, Francis Street Perth, Western Australia 6000, Australia e-mail: [email protected] Abstract -A Lower Devonian (Lochkovian-Pragian) trilobite fauna from the Biddabirra Formation near Cobar, New South Wales, Australia includes 11 previously undescribed species (Alberticoryphe sp., Cornuproetus sp., Gerastos sandfordi sp. nov., Cyphaspis mcnamarai sp. nov., Kainops cf. ekphymus, Paciphacops sp., AcantJwpyge (Lobopyge) edgecombei sp. nov., Crotalocephalus sp. and Leonaspis sp., a styginid sp., and a harpetid sp.). Three species belonging to the genera Paciphacops, Kainops, AcantJwpyge (Lobopyge), and Leonaspis are preserved with sufficient detail to provide enough information to be coded and analysed by two cladistic analyses. The resulting cladograms provide justification for the monophyly of Paciphacops and further support for Kainops. Leonaspis sp. is placed as the most plesiomorphic species within the monophyletic Leonaspis. INTRODUCTION P. crawfordae, P. waisfeldae and P. sp.). The Leonaspis The Lochkovian-Pragian Biddabirra Formation analysis, using Ramsk6ld and Chatterton's (1991) (Glen 1987) has yielded a trilobite fauna containing characters, includes Leonaspis sp. from Cobar. The twelve species, of which eleven have previously analysis will attempt to use species with more than been undescribed. The species include the 45% of their characters coded. fragmentary material of a styginid and harpetid, All photographed and type specimens are held in internal and external moulds of Alberticoryphe sp., the Australian Museum (prefix number AMF). -
Introduction to the Trilobites: Morphology, Ecology, Macroevolution and More by Michelle M
Introduction to the Trilobites: Morphology, Ecology, Macroevolution and More By Michelle M. Casey1, Perry Kennard2, and Bruce S. Lieberman1, 3 1Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, 2Earth Science Teacher, Southwest Middle School, USD497, and 3Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 Middle level laboratory exercise for Earth or General Science; supported provided by National Science Foundation (NSF) grants DEB-1256993 and EF-1206757. Learning Goals and Pedagogy This lab is designed for middle level General Science or Earth Science classes. The learning goals for this lab are the following: 1) to familiarize students with the anatomy and terminology relating to trilobites; 2) to give students experience identifying morphologic structures on real fossil specimens 3) to highlight major events or trends in the evolutionary history and ecology of the Trilobita; and 4) to expose students to the study of macroevolution in the fossil record using trilobites as a case study. Introduction to the Trilobites The Trilobites are an extinct subphylum of the Arthropoda (the most diverse phylum on earth with nearly a million species described). Arthropoda also contains all fossil and living crustaceans, spiders, and insects as well as several other extinct groups. The trilobites were an extremely important and diverse type of marine invertebrates that lived during the Paleozoic Era. They only lived in the oceans but occurred in all types of marine environments, and ranged in size from less than a centimeter to almost a meter across. They were once one of the most successful of all animal groups and in certain fossil deposits, especially in the Cambrian, Ordovician, and Devonian periods, they are extremely abundant. -
Using Marine Fossils to Unlock the Middle Devonian Paleoenvironments of Western New York (For K-12 Teachers and Collectors)
USING MARINE FOSSILS TO UNLOCK THE MIDDLE DEVONIAN PALEOENVIRONMENTS OF WESTERN NEW YORK (FOR K-12 TEACHERS AND COLLECTORS) PHILIP J. STOKES JAMES J. ZAMBITO, IV Department of Geology Department of Geology SUNY at Buffalo University of Cincinnati Buffalo, NY 14260 Cincinnati, OH 45221 pj [email protected] [email protected] INTRODUCTION The physiographic province of the Allegheny Plateau offers a geologically ri ch visage of the Paleozoic prehistory of western New York State. The region possesses a relatively complete (and highly fossiliferous) section of Middle Devonian rocks. This section of Devonian strata thickens towards the east, directly reflecting the resultant sedimentation from the Acadian orogeny, and inspiring the name of the Catskill clastic wedge to the strata (Brett, 1986). As mountain building progressed to the east and southeast, most ofNew York State was covered by a shallow sea in what is known as the Appalachian Basin (lsachsen et al., 2000). During this time, the amount of sediments being deposited changed, the type of sediments changed, and local sea levels rose and fell. These paleoenvironmental fluctuations set the stage for major changes in the regional paleontology during the Middle Devonian. 78' 17' ,.. This paper and the accompanying fi eld trip seek to introduce science educators .... and fossil coll ectors to some ... interesting Devonian sites in western New York (Figure 1). The trip explores rocks chiefly 43' N from the Middle Devonian 1 Hamilton Group, which .. ...." represents a 5 to 7 million year ~.............. ,-',.,....,. ..... time period between about 377 384 million years ago and ~ Upper Devonian (Brett, 1986). The Hamilton .. -
Biodiversity, Distribution and Patterns of Extinction of the Last Odontopleuroid Trilobites During the Devonian (Givetian, Frasnian)
Geol. Mag. 144 (5), 2007, pp. 777–796. c 2007 Cambridge University Press 777 doi:10.1017/S0016756807003779 First published online 13 August 2007 Printed in the United Kingdom Biodiversity, distribution and patterns of extinction of the last odontopleuroid trilobites during the Devonian (Givetian, Frasnian) ∗ RAIMUND FEIST & KENNETH J. MCNAMARA† ∗Laboratoire de Paleontologie,´ Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution, Universite´ Montpellier II, Cc 062, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France †Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK (Received 18 September 2006; accepted 22 February 2007) Abstract – Biostratigraphical ranges and palaeogeographical distribution of mid-Givetian to end- Frasnian odontopleurids are investigated. The discovery of Leonaspis rhenohercynica sp. nov. in mid-Givetian strata extends this genus unexpectedly up to the late Middle Devonian. New material of Radiaspis radiata (Goldfuss, 1843) and the first koneprusiine in Britain, Koneprusia? sp., are described from the famous Lummaton shell-bed, Torquay, Devon. New taxa of Koneprusia, K. serrensis, K. aboussalamae, K. brevispina,andK. sp. A and K. sp. B are defined. Ceratocephala (Leonaspis) harborti Richter & Richter, 1926, is revised and reassigned to Gondwanaspis Feist, 2002. Two new species of Gondwanaspis, G. dracula and G. spinosa, plus three others left in open nomenclature, are described from the late Frasnian of Western Australia. A further species of Gondwanaspis, G. prisca, is described from the early Frasnian of Montagne Noire. Species of Gondwanaspis are shown to possess a number of paedomorphic features. A functional analysis suggests that, unlike other odontopleurids, Gondwanaspis actively fed and rested with the same cephalic orientation. The sole odontopleurid survivors of the severe terminal mid-Givetian biocrisis (‘Taghanic Event’) belong to the koneprusiine Koneprusia in the late Givetian and Frasnian, and, of cryptogenic origin, the acidaspidine Gondwanaspis in the Frasnian. -
University of Alberta
University of Alberta Select Devonian Proetid Trilobites of southern Morocco by Darrin Molinaro A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences © Darrin Molinaro Spring 2012 Edmonton, Alberta Permission is hereby granted to the University of Alberta Libraries to reproduce single copies of this thesis and to lend or sell such copies for private, scholarly or scientific research purposes only. Where the thesis is converted to, or otherwise made available in digital form, the University of Alberta will advise potential users of the thesis of these terms. The author reserves all other publication and other rights in association with the copyright in the thesis and, except as herein before provided, neither the thesis nor any substantial portion thereof may be printed or otherwise reproduced in any material form whatsoever without the author's prior written permission. Library and Archives Bibliotheque et Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-87864-4 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-87864-4 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distrbute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. -
Trilobites from the Latest Frasnian Kellwasser Crisis in North Africa (Mrirt, Central Moroccan Meseta)
Trilobites from the latest Frasnian Kellwasser Crisis in North Africa (Mrirt, central Moroccan Meseta) RAIMUND FEIST Raimund Feist. 2002. Trilobites from the latest Frasnian Kellwasser Crisis in North Africa (Mrirt, Central Moroccan Meseta). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 47 (2): 203–210. Latest Frasnian trilobites are recorded for the first time from North Africa. They occur in oxygenated limestones between the Lower and Upper Kellwasser horizons at Bou Ounabdou near Mrirt, central Moroccan Meseta. The faunas are very close to the contemporaneous associations in European sections both by their taxonomic composition and by patterns of evolutionary behavior towards eye reduction. Two new taxa are described: Gondwanaspis mrirtensis gen. et sp. nov., which is the last known representative of the Odontopleuridae before its extinction at the base of the Upper Kellwasser horizon, and Pteroparia ziegleri maroccanica subsp. nov., a geographical variant of the nominal subspecies from Sessacker in the Rhenish Slate Mountains. Key words: Trilobita, Frasnian, Morocco, Kellwasser crisis, biogeography. Raimund Feist [[email protected]−montp2.fr],Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution,Université Montpellier 2,34095 Montpellier, France. Introduction Gara Hill, Late Devonian cephalopod limestones are exposed in olistolithic slabs contained in Viséan shales (Walliser et al. Three out of five Late Devonian trilobite orders did not survive 1999; Becker and House 1999). the end−Frasnian Kellwasser Event (Feist and Schindler 1994). The material was collected from Bou Ounabdou (Fig. 1B, The last representatives of six low−diversity families (i.e., “1” on Fig. 1C, “section II” in Walliser et al. 1999: fig. 42) Harpetidae, Odontopleuridae, Styginidae, Aulacopleuridae, which is precisely dated by conodont biostratigraphy (Lazreq Tropidocoryphidae and Dalmanitidae) reached the base of the 1992, 1999).