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Industrial Oil Products ABSTRACTS 2019 AOCS ANNUAL MEETING & EXPO May 5–8, 2019 Industrial Oil Products BIO 1.1/IOP 1: Biopolymers Chairs: Richard Ashby, USDA, ARS, ERRC, USA; and Rongpeng Wang, CVC Thermoset Specialties, USA Plant Oil Derived Emulsion Copolymers with materials for the synthesis of various Predictable Properties Meghan E. Lamm*, Ping biopolymers. Polyurethanes are an important Li, and Chuanbing Tang, University of South class of polymers because of their wide Carolina, USA industrial applications in consumer and Emulsion polymerization is an important industrial sectors. The main disadvantage of the industrial synthetic method. Unfortunately, it polyurethane foams is their high flammability relies mostly on petroleum-based chemicals. which is due to the predominant presence of Recent research has focused on incorporating carbon and hydrogen in their structure. Highly biomass derived chemicals and intermediates, porous and combustible nature of polyurethane such as plant oil-based monomers. Due to their foams further facilitates the flame spread rate. good hydrophobicity, plant oil monomers can High flammability of polyurethane foams struggle to be incorporated into emulsion restricts some of its valuable applications. In polymers to achieve optimal properties. Herein this work, we have used corn oil as a starting we present an industrially relevant semi-batch material for the synthesis of polyurethane method of emulsion polymerization used to foams. Corn-oil was converted to polyol for prepare copolymers of soybean methacrylate polyurethane foams using “thiol-ene” click (SBMA), using high oleic soybean oil (HOSO), chemistry. Flame-retardant polyurethane foams with various industry co-monomers such as were prepared by addition of different methyl methacrylate, styrene, and butyl concentrations of dimethyl methyl acrylate. All polymerizations displayed good phosphonate in the final foam composition. The control with minimal coagulation and high effect of additive flame retardant on the conversion. Variation in feed ratios (from 0 to physicomechanical and flammability of the 50 wt% of SBMA) offers tunability of thermal polyurethane foams was studied. Additive and mechanical properties in resulting latex flame retardant significantly reduced the materials. The alkene present on the soybean flammability of the polyurethane foams without chains allowed for oxidative crosslinking of affective their physicomechanical properties. latexes films, which resulted in high levels of The foam containing flame retardant showed crosslinking, consistent with SBMA content, and over 30 times reduction in the burning time and significant enhancement in mechanical over 6 times reduction in weight loss during properties. Overall, the promising results horizontal burning test compared to foam indicate good potential for replacement of without the flame retardant. In addition to petrochemical methacrylates in commodity reducing the burning time and weight loss after thermoplastics and acrylic coatings. the addition of the flame retardant, these foams showed a significant reduction in heat Corn Oil for Highly Flame Retardant Rigid release rate and thermal heat release. Our Polyurethane Foams for Industrial Applications research opened a new pathway to utilize Camila Zequine, Sanket Bhoyate, Brooks Neria, vegetable oils for industrial applications, Pawan Kahol, and Ram Gupta*, Pittsburg State particularly in the polyurethane industry. University, USA Vegetable oils are being used as starting Rapid Conversion of Oils into Various – 1 – ABSTRACTS 2019 AOCS ANNUAL MEETING & EXPO May 5–8, 2019 Monomers and Biopolymers Aman Ullah*, for a range of new products. Here we describe Muhammad Arshad, Reza Ahmadi, and Liejiang the use of bulk polymerization of epoxidized Jin, University of Alberta, Canada soybean oil, linseed oil and triolein to obtain The use of renewable resources in resins useful as encapsulants, potting supplementing and/or replacing traditional compounds, and foams based upon using petrochemical products, through green different cationic initiators. While super acids chemistry, is becoming the focus of research. and Lewis acids were preferable in making The utilization of oils can play a primitive role foams because they enhance reaction rates, towards sustainable development due to their novel catalysts were used to slow down and large scale availability, built-in-functionality, control the polymerization rate and obtain solid biodegradability and no net CO2 production. polymers with unusual properties. Microwaves, being clean, green and environmentally friendly, are emerging as an Synthesis, Properties and Structure Function alternative source for product development. Correlation of Bioplasticizers in PVC. Dharma R. Solvent free conversion of fatty acid methyl Kodali*, and Lucas J. Stolp, University of esters (FAME's) derived from canola oil and Minnesota, USA waste cooking oil under microwave irradiation This presentation provides an overview of demonstrated dramatically enhanced rates. The the synthesis, properties and functional microwave-assisted reactions lead to the most evaluation of bioplasticizers in polyvinylchloride valuable terminal olefins with enhanced yields, (PVC) that are derived from vegetable oils. purities and dramatic shortening of reaction Plasticizers, the largest class of plastic additives, times. Various monomers/chemicals were are non-volatile organic liquids that impart prepared in high yield in very short time. The flexibility and improve the functionality of complete conversions were observed at plastics. The currently used phthalate temperatures as low as 40 ºC within less than plasticizers have EHS concerns. Bioplasticizers five minutes. The products were characterized with various functional groups such as epoxy, by GC-MS, GC-FID and NMR. The monomers acetoxy, methoxy, thiirane, aziridine on the acyl were separated and polymerized into different chain backbone combined with ester group polymers including biopolyesthers, variations of alkyl, mono, di and tri alkoxy or biopolyesters, biopolyamides and solketal of fatty acid esters have been biopolyolefins. The polymers were synthesized and characterized. The characterized in details for their structural, bioplasticizers were derived from regular and thermal, mechanical and viscoelastic properties. high oleic soybean, canola and castor oils, and The ability for complete conversion of oils formulated with PVC and evaluated for their under solvent free conditions and synthesis of functional properties. Epoxysoybean oil fatty different biopolymers is undoubtedly an acid esters served as the key intermediate to attractive concept from both an academic and incorporate most of the functional groups on an industrial point of view. the fatty acid backbone. The ring opening of the epoxy group with acetic acid resulted in cyclic Cationic Polymerization of Epoxidized Oils to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. The high viscosity Cast Resins and Foams Zoran Petrovic*, and and darker color of aziridine and thiirane Dragana Radojcic, Pittsburg State University, derivatives limited their usefulness, whereas USA the other compounds physical and analytical Epoxidized oils are an excellent platform properties such as acid value, color and – 2 – ABSTRACTS 2019 AOCS ANNUAL MEETING & EXPO May 5–8, 2019 viscosity, were acceptable. The plasticizers having epoxy and acetoxy groups demonstrated Corn Stover and Levulinic Acid: Two Valuable, excellent compatibility in PVC, with high Renewable Substrates for Biosynthesis of efficiency (Shore Hardness), thermal stability Unique Polyhydroxyalkanoate Biopolymers and gelling properties. The structural variations Richard D. Ashby*, Daniel K.Y Solaiman, Gary of molecular weight, polarity, and branching of Strahan, and Alberto Nunez, USDA, ARS, ERRC, the fatty acid esters and their effect on USA functionality is examined and rationalized. The Lignocellulosic materials are abundant and functional properties of number of cheap and as such, are being evaluated as bioplasticizers were comparable to commercial feedstocks for bio-based product synthesis. Our plasticizer, diisononylphthalate (DINP). laboratory used the hydrolysate from corn stover (CSH) as a base fermentation feedstock Synthesis and Characterization of Lipid-based for the synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Biopolymers and Bionanocomposites from biopolymers using Burkholderia sacchari DSM Poultry Industry By-product Muhammad 17165 and Azohydromonas lata DSM 1122. B. Safder*, University of Alberta, Canada sacchari utilized all of the available sugars in the Spent hen is a by-product of the poultry hydrolysate while A. lata only used the glucose industry and has potential as a source of lipids. fraction of the hydrolysate to produce poly(3- Lipid-based monomers and corresponding hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). Introduction of polymershave successfully been synthesized by levulinic acid (another inexpensive bio-based using free radical polymerizations. The effect of material produced from both C-5 and C-6 temperature and time on molecular weight of sugars) into the media in a co-feeding strategy polymer was studied and conditions for resulted in block copolymers composed of 3- obtaining high molecular mass biopolymers hydroxybutyrate (3HB) and 3-hydroxyvalerate were optimized. Furthermore, using optimized (3HV; P3HB-3HV) from B. sacchari and conditions, the biopolymers were reinforced terpolyesters composed of 3HB, 3HV, and 4- with different nanoparticles such as nanoclay, hydroxyvalerate (4HV) from
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