DOCSLIB.ORG

Minnesota Forest Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment and Synthesis: a Report from the Northwoods Climate Change Response Framework Project

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Minnesota Forest Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment and Synthesis: a Report from the Northwoods Climate Change Response Framework Project United States Department of Agriculture Minnesota Forest Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment and Synthesis: A Report from the Northwoods Climate Change Response Framework Project Note to FR3104_5104 students. This document contains excerpts of the full report. If you are interested in the full report see http:// www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/ pubs/45939 and download the .pdf Forest Northern General Technical Service Research Station Report NRS-133 May 2014 ABSTRACT The forests in northern Minnesota will be affected directly and indirectly by a changing climate during the 21st century. This assessment evaluates the vulnerability of forest ecosystems in the Laurentian Mixed Forest Province of Minnesota under a range of future climates. We synthesized and summarized information on the contemporary landscape, provided information on past climate trends, and described a range of projected future climates. This information was used to parameterize and run multiple vegetation impact models, which provided a range of potential vegetative responses to climate. Finally, we brought these results before a multidisciplinary panel of scientists and land managers familiar with northern Minnesota forests to assess ecosystem vulnerability through a formal consensus-based expert elicitation process. The summary of the contemporary landscape identifies major forest trends and stressors currently threatening forests in the region. Observed trends in climate during the past century reveal that precipitation increased in the area, particularly in summer and fall, and that daily maximum temperatures increased, particularly in winter. Projected climate trends for the next 100 years using downscaled global climate model data indicate a potential increase in mean annual temperature of 3.0 to 8.8 °F for the assessment area. Projections for precipitation indicate an increase in winter and spring precipitation, and summer and fall precipitation projections vary by scenario. We identified potential impacts on forests by incorporating these climate projections into three forest impact models (Tree Atlas, LANDIS-II, and PnET-CN). Model projections suggest that northern boreal species such as black spruce and paper birch may fare worse under future conditions, but other species such as American basswood and white pine may benefit from projected changes in climate. Published literature on climate impacts related to wildfire, invasive species, and diseases also contributed to the overall determination of climate change vulnerability. We assessed vulnerability for eight forest systems in northern Minnesota: six Native Plant Community Systems and two managed forest systems. The basic assessment was conducted through a formal elicitation process of 23 science and management experts from across the state, who considered vulnerability in terms of potential impacts on a system and the system’s adaptive capacity. Acid Peatlands, Forested Rich Peatlands, and Wet Forests were determined to be the most vulnerable. Systems adapted to disturbance through fire and drought or flooding, such as Fire-Dependent Forests or Floodplain Forests, were perceived as less vulnerable to projected changes in climate. These projected changes in climate and the associated impacts and vulnerabilities will have important implications for economically valuable timber species, forest- dependent wildlife and plants, recreation, and long-range planning. Cover Photo Fall colors in northeastern Minnesota. Photo by Jack Greenlee, Superior National Forest. Manuscript received for publication September 2013 Published by: For additional copies, contact: USDA FOREST SERVICE USDA Forest Service 11 CAMPUS BLVD., SUITE 200 Publications Distribution NEWTOWN SQUARE, PA 19073-3294 359 Main Road Delaware, OH 43015-8640 May 2014 Fax: 740-368-0152 Visit our homepage at: http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ Minnesota Forest Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment and Synthesis: A Report from the Northwoods Climate Change Response Framework Project Stephen Handler, Matthew J. Duveneck, Louis Iverson, Emily Peters, Robert M. Scheller, Kirk R. Wythers, Leslie Brandt, Patricia Butler, Maria Janowiak, P. Danielle Shannon, Chris Swanston, Kelly Barrett, Randy Kolka, Casey McQuiston, Brian Palik, Peter B. Reich, Clarence Turner, Mark White, Cheryl Adams, Anthony D’Amato, Suzanne Hagell, Patricia Johnson, Rosemary Johnson, Mike Larson, Stephen Matthews, Rebecca Montgomery, Steve Olson, Matthew Peters, Anantha Prasad, Jack Rajala, Jad Daley, Mae Davenport, Marla R. Emery, David Fehringer, Christopher L. Hoving, Gary Johnson, Lucinda Johnson, David Neitzel, Adena Rissman, Chadwick Rittenhouse, and Robert Ziel AUTHOrs STEPHEN HANDLER is a climate change specialist with KELLY BARRETT is a wildlife biologist with the Chippewa the Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science, U.S. National Forest, 1235 Division Street, Deer River, MN 56636, Forest Service, 410 MacInnes Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, [email protected]. [email protected]. RANDY KOLKA is a team leader and research soil scientist MATTHEW J. DUVENECK is a postdoctoral fellow with with the U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Harvard Forest, Harvard University, 324 North Main Street, 1831 Hwy 169 East, Grand Rapids, MN 55744, Petersham, MA 01366, [email protected]. [email protected]. LOUIS IVERSON is a landscape ecologist with the U.S. CASEY McQUISTON is a soil scientist with the Superior Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 359 Main Road, National Forest, 8901 Grand Avenue Place, Duluth, Delaware, OH 43015, [email protected]. MN 55808, [email protected]. EMILY PETERS is a data analyst with Minnesota Pollution BRIAN PALIK is a team leader and research ecologist with Control Agency, 520 Lafayette Road N., St. Paul, MN 55155, the U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, [email protected]. 1831 Hwy 169 East, Grand Rapids, MN 55744, ROBERT M. SCHELLER is an assistant professor at Portland [email protected]. State University, 1719 SW 10th Avenue, Portland, OR 97207, PETER B. REICH is a professor at the University of Minnesota, [email protected]. 1530 Cleveland Avenue N., St. Paul, MN 55108, KIRK R. WYTHERS is a research fellow at the University of [email protected]. Minnesota, 1530 Cleveland Avenue N., St. Paul, MN 55108, CLARENCE TURNER is an ecologist and climate change [email protected]. specialist with the Minnesota Department of Natural LESLIE BRANDT is a climate change specialist with the Resources and the Minnesota Forest Resources Council, Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science, U.S. 500 Lafayette Road, St. Paul, MN 55155, Forest Service, 1992 Folwell Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, [email protected]. [email protected]. MARK WHITE is a forest ecologist with The Nature PATRICIA BUTLER is a climate change outreach specialist with Conservancy, 94 S. Lake Avenue, #308, Duluth, MN 55802, the Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science, Michigan [email protected]. Technological University, School of Forest Resources and CHERYL ADAMS is a forest ecologist with UPM-Kymmene Environmental Science, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, Blandin Paper Mill, 115 SW First Street, Grand Rapids, MI 49931, [email protected]. MN 55744, [email protected]. MARIA JANOWIAK is a climate change adaptation and ANTHONY D’AMATO is an associate professor at the carbon management scientist with the Northern Institute University of Minnesota, 1530 Cleveland Avenue N., of Applied Climate Science, U.S. Forest Service, St. Paul, MN 55108, [email protected]. 410 MacInnes Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, SUZANNE HAGELL is a research associate at the University [email protected]. of Wisconsin – Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, P. DANIELLE SHANNON is a climate change outreach WI 53706, [email protected]. specialist with the Northern Institute of Applied Climate PATRICIA JOHNSON is a fire management officer with the Science, Michigan Technological University, School of Superior National Forest, 2020 W. Hwy 61, Grand Marais, Forest Resources and Environmental Science, MN 55604, [email protected]. 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, [email protected]. ROSEMARY JOHNSON is a silviculturist with the Chippewa National Forest, 201 Minnesota Avenue E., Walker, CHRIS SWANSTON is a research ecologist with the U.S. MN 56484, [email protected]. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, and director of the Northern Institute of Applied Climate Science, MIKE LARSON is a research scientist with the Minnesota 410 MacInnes Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, Department of Natural Resources, 1201 E. Hwy 2, [email protected]. Grand Rapids, MN 55744, [email protected]. STEPHEN MATTHEWS is a research assistant professor DAVID FEHRINGER is the Great Lakes assistant at Ohio State University and an ecologist with the U.S. regional director with The Forestland Group, LLC, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 359 Main Road, 33687 Lake Gerald Road, Toivola, MI 49965, Delaware, OH 43015, [email protected]. [email protected]. REBECCA MONTGOMERY is an associate professor at the CHRISTOPHER L. HOVING is an adaptation specialist with the University of Minnesota, 1530 Cleveland Avenue N., St. Paul, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, P.O. Box 30028, MN 55108, [email protected]. Lansing, MI 48909, [email protected]. STEVE OLSON is a forester with the Fond Du Lac Band of GARY JOHNSON is an extension professor at the University Lake Superior Chippewa, 1720 Big Lake Road, Cloquet, of Minnesota, 1530 Cleveland Avenue N., St. Paul, MN 55720, [email protected].
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Restoring Forests for the Future: Profiles in Climate-Smart Restoration on America's National Forests
    RESTORING FORESTS for the FUTURE Profiles in climate-smart restoration on America’s National Forests Left: Melissa Jenkins Front cover: Kent Mason Back cover: MaxForster. Contents Introduction. ............................................................................................................................................2 This publication was prepared as part of a collaboration among American Forests, National Wildlife Federation and The Nature Conservancy and was funded through a generous grant from the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation. Principles for Climate-Smart Forest Restoration. .................................................................3 Thank you to the many partners and contributors who provided content, photos, quotes and Look to the future while learning from the past. more. Special thanks to Nick Miner and Eric Sprague (American Forests); Lauren Anderson, Northern Rockies: Reviving ancient traditions of fire to restore the land .....................4 Jessica Arriens, Sarah Bates, Patty Glick and Bruce A. Stein (National Wildlife Federation); and Eric Bontrager, Kimberly R. Hall, Karen Lee and Christopher Topik (The Nature Conservancy). Embrace functional restoration of ecological integrity. Southern Rockies: Assisted regeneration in fire-scarred landscapes ............................ 8 Editor: Rebecca Turner Montana: Strategic watershed restoration for climate resilience ................................... 12 Managing Editor: Ashlan Bonnell Writer: Carol Denny Restore and manage forests in the context of
    [Show full text]
  • Land, Timber, and Recreation in Maine's Northwoods: Essays by Lloyd C
    The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Miscellaneous Publications Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station 3-1996 MP730: Land, Timber, and Recreation in Maine's Northwoods: Essays by Lloyd C. Irland Lloyd C. Irland Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_miscpubs Recommended Citation Irland, L.C. 1996. Land, Timber, and Recreation in Maine's Northwoods: Essays by Lloyd C. Irland. Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station Miscellaneous Publication 730. This Report is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Miscellaneous Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Land, Timber, and Recreation in Maines Northwoods: Essays by Lloyd C. Irland Lloyd C. Irland Faculty Associate College of Natural Resources, Forestry and Agriculture The Irland Group RR 2, Box 9200 Winthrop, ME 04364 Phone: (207)395-2185 Fax: (207)395-2188 FOREWORD Human experience tends to be perceived as taking place in phases. Shakespeare talked of seven ages of man. More recently Erik Erikson has thought of five separate stages in human life. All of these begin to break down, however, when we think of the end of eras. Partially because of the chronological pressure, such times come at the end of centuries. When one adds to the end of a century the concept of an end of a millennium, the sense of change, of difference, of end time can be very powerful, if not overwhelming. The termination of the nineteenth and the eighteenth centuries were much discussed as to the future.
    [Show full text]
  • THE 2017 NAMA Northwoods Foray September 7-10, 2017 Lakewoods Resort, LAKE Namakagon (Actual Name), Wisconsin
    VOLUME 57: 5 SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER 2017 www.namyco.org THE 2017 NAMA Northwoods Foray September 7-10, 2017 Lakewoods Resort, LAKE NAMAkagon (actual name), Wisconsin Final preparations…it’s almost time! If you are planning to attend the 2017 NAMA Annual Foray in the Wisconsin Northwoods in a few weeks, thank you for registering! You are in good company, there will be 350 on hand this year, and the event has been fully registered for several months now. What follows are a few last minute tips as you make your final plans for travel. Getting there and away. By now you’ve already decided whether you’re flying or driving. fI flying into the Duluth Airport, we are offering a shuttle ride to the Lakewoods Resort and back. The trip is about 90 minutes and we’re asking for $10 per person each way to defray the cost of fuel and vans, etc. If you want the shuttle but did not already sign up, do so now by contacting Sam Landes (samland2@ earthlink.net). For other questions about registration, you can contact the Registrar, Connie Durnan ([email protected]). The Northwoods offer incredible scenery (the fall color change may be underway) and you’re in for a treat if driving to the event, or if flying to Minn.-St. Paul airport and taking a rental car. (The drive from MSP is about 3.5 hours, but is uncongested and very pleasant.) If staying in the area or in the Upper Midwest after the foray, see previous newsletters for ideas on great places to visit (or chat me up at the foray).
    [Show full text]
  • USDA Midwest and Northern Forests Regional Climate Hub: Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies
    USDA Midwest and Northern Forests Regional Climate Hub: Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies Photo Credit: (Betts, 2011) Authors: Jerry Hatfield, Midwest Hub Lead; Christopher Swanston, Northern Forests Sub Hub Lead; Maria Janowiak, Northern Forests Sub Hub; Rachel F. Steele, National Climate Hubs Coordinator, Washington D.C. Midwest Hub National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment 2110 University Blvd. Ames, Iowa 50011 Northern Forests Sub Hub USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Forestry Sciences Lab Houghton, MI March 2015 Contributors: Our thanks to Jon Hempel, NRCS; Juliet Bochicchio, RD; Wendy Hall, APHIS; Marlene Cole, APHIS; Sharon Hestvik, RMA; and John Whitaker, FSA. We acknowledge ICF International for its contributions to the Greenhouse Gas Profile. Edited by: Terry Anderson, ARS Suggested Citation: Hatfield, J., C. Swanston, M. Janowiak, R. Steele, J. Hempel, J. Bochicchio, W. Hall, M. Cole, S. Hestvik, and J. Whitaker, 2015: Midwest and Northern Forests Regional Climate Hub Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies, T. Anderson, Eds., United States Department of Agriculture, 55 pp. http://climatehubs.oce.usda.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/Midwest%20Region%20Vulnerability%20Assessm ent%203_20_2015.pdf Contents Letter from the Regional Leads .................................................................................................................... 5 1. Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Winter 2009-10
    NORTHWOODS LAND TRUST HELP LEAVE A LASTING LEGACY FOR THE NORTHWOODS Wisconsin Land Trust of the Year Award Winner P.O. Box 321, Eagle River, WI 54521-0321 Winter 2009-2010 A Celebration of Conservation Milestones The close of 2009 brought with it several truly major milestones for the Northwoods Land Trust. By the end of the year, the land trust has now protected a total of over 5,000 acres of natural shorelands, woodlands and wetlands in northern Wisconsin. These conservation lands included over 50 different private properties. In addition, these projects have permanently preserved over 20 miles of shorelines on 40 different lakes, and another nearly 7 miles of natural shorelines on rivers and streams. Among these are protected shorelines on nine lakes identified by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources as “wild lakes” and at least five more priority river and stream segments recognized by the WDNR Northern Rivers Initiative. In 2009 alone, the land trust permanently protected about 1,050 acres of land with eight conservation projects. These projects included completion of seven more perpetual conservation easements and our third outright donation of conservation land. In early 2009, Thomas and Eileen Pawlacyk of Neenah signed a conservation easement on 23 acres of woodlands in the town of St. Germain. This site is located along the Hwy. 70 corridor and includes public snowmobile trail and A total of 27 miles of natural lake and river shorelines have now been protected by NWLT, including this additional 1,500 feet of frontage on the Eagle River and Nine Mile Creek by Don & Sue Kratsch.
    [Show full text]
  • Michigan Forest Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment and Synthesis: a Report from the Northwoods Climate Change Response Framework Project
    United States Department of Agriculture Michigan Forest Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment and Synthesis: A Report from the Northwoods Climate Change Response Framework Project Forest Northern General Technical Service Research Station Report NRS-129 March 2014 ABSTRACT The forests in northern Michigan will be affected directly and indirectly by changing climate during the 21st century. This assessment evaluates the vulnerability of forest ecosystems in the eastern Upper Peninsula and northern Lower Peninsula of Michigan under a range of future climates. We synthesized and summarized information on the contemporary landscape, provided information on past climate trends, and described a range of projected future climates. This information was used to parameterize and run multiple vegetation impact models, which provided a range of potential vegetative responses to climate. Finally, we brought these results before a multidisciplinary panel of scientists and land managers familiar with Michigan forests to assess ecosystem vulnerability through a formal consensus-based expert elicitation process. The summary of the contemporary landscape identifies major forest trends and stressors currently threatening forests in the region. Observed trends in climate over the past century reveal that precipitation increased in the area, particularly in summer and fall, and that daily maximum temperatures increased, particularly in winter. Projected climate trends for the next 100 years using downscaled global climate model data indicate a potential increase in mean annual temperature of 2.2 to 8.1 °F for the assessment area. Projections for precipitation indicate an increase in winter and spring precipitation, and summer and fall precipitation projections vary by scenario. We identified potential impacts on forests by incorporating these climate projections into three forest impact models (Tree Atlas, LANDIS-II, and PnET-CN).
    [Show full text]
  • Connecting You to Life Outdoors
    NEW HAMPSHIRE FISH AND GAME DEPARTMENT Connecting You to Life Outdoors BIENNIAL REPORT July 1, 2009 - June 30, 2011 Pursuant to RSA 206:9-a Submitted October 1, 2009 New Hampshire Fish and Game Department 11 Hazen Drive, Concord, N.H. 03301 (603) 271-3511 email: [email protected] www.wildnh.com z STATE OF NEW HAMPshIRE John H. Lynch Governor EXECUTIVE COUNCILORS Raymond S. Burton District 1 Daniel St. Hilaire District 2 Christopher T. Sununu District 3 Raymond J. Wieczorek District 4 David K. Wheeler District 5 As of 6/30/11 009-011 NH FISH AND GAME DEPARTMENT BIENNIAL REPORT October 1, 2011 His Excellency, Governor John H. Lynch and the Honorable Council State House, 25 Capitol Street Concord, New Hampshire 03301 Dear Governor Lynch and Honorable Members of the Council: In accordance with RSA 206:9-a, I am pleased to submit the New Hampshire Fish and Game Department’s Biennial Report for July 1, 2009 – June 30, 2011. The Department takes the lead role in conserving fish, wildlife and marine resources and their habitats – keeping the state’s wildlife and fish populations in a healthy balance and conserving wild places. These natural resources enrich our quality of life and support New Hampshire’s economy; fish and wildlife-related recreational activi- ties produce more than $560 million in expenditures annually. During the biennium, the Department has enthusiastically embraced an ongoing manage- ment initiative, “Adapting to Changing Times,” to ensure that it can keep pace and remain relevant throughout the 21st century. This is a sweeping effort to examine current activities, conduct a stake- holder analysis, and broaden support for the Department’s programs among the wider public that benefits from its services.
    [Show full text]
  • USDA Midwest and Northern Forests Regional Climate Hub: Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies
    USDA Midwest and Northern Forests Regional Climate Hub: Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies Photo Credit: (Betts, 2011) Authors: Jerry Hatfield, Midwest Hub Lead; Christopher Swanston, Northern Forests Sub Hub Lead; Maria Janowiak, Northern Forests Sub Hub; Rachel F. Steele, National Climate Hubs Coordinator, Washington D.C. Midwest Hub National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment 2110 University Blvd. Ames, Iowa 50011 Northern Forests Sub Hub USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Forestry Sciences Lab Houghton, MI March 2015 Contributors: Our thanks to Jon Hempel, NRCS; Juliet Bochicchio, RD; Wendy Hall, APHIS; Marlene Cole, APHIS; Sharon Hestvik, RMA; and John Whitaker, FSA. We acknowledge ICF International for its contributions to the Greenhouse Gas Profile. Edited by: Terry Anderson and Derald Everhart, ARS Contents Letter from the Regional Lead ...................................................................................................................... 4 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 6 1.1. Description of the Region and Key Resources ............................................................................. 6 1.2. Demographics and Land Uses ....................................................................................................... 7 1.3. General Climate Conditions, Extremes, and Past Impacts ...........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Minnesota's Northwoods
    MINNESOTA’S NORTHWOODS MAY 30–JUNE 4, 2021 ©2020 Connecticut Warbler, Minnesota © Erik Bruhnke The vast expanses of northeastern Minnesota are rich in unique ecosystems and memorable birds. This region, sometimes referred to as the “Northwoods,” will be the focus of our activities for the entire tour. The deepest reaches of Minnesota’s bogs and boreal forest are noteworthy breeding grounds for many northern specialty birds. Ruffed Grouse, Great Gray Owl, Black-backed Woodpecker, Canada Jay, and Boreal Chickadee are characteristic and enticing permanent residents of the region. Also nesting here are Yellow-bellied and Alder flycatchers; Philadelphia Vireo; over 20 species of warblers including Connecticut, Mourning, Cape May, Golden-winged, and Canada; and many other passerines singing on territory. With a bit of luck, there is also the possibility of finding a Northern Goshawk, Barred or Northern Saw-whet owl, American Three-toed Woodpecker, or Red or White-winged crossbills. The exceptionally scenic North Shore of Lake Superior offers stunning ocean-like vistas where other birds can be found. Minnesota’s Northwoods, Page 2 May 30, Day 1: Arrival in Duluth, Minnesota. Tour participants should make arrangements to arrive in Duluth today. You will be met at Duluth International Airport (airport code DLH) and provided with a transfer to Hampton Inn Duluth Canal Park where a room has been reserved in your name. We will gather in the hotel lobby at 5:00 p.m. for a welcome and orientation followed by an early dinner. After dinner, there should be enough time for a special evening birding trip, most likely to search for Great Gray Owl hunting at dusk along roadsides in the area of the Sax-Zim Bog.
    [Show full text]
  • North Maine Woods Experience the Tradition
    2012 $3 North Maine Woods experience the tradition On behalfwelcome of the many families, private corporations, conservation organizations and managers of state owned land, we welcome you to this special region of Maine. We’re proud of the history of this remote region and our ability to keep this area open for public enjoyment. In addition to providing remote recreational opportunities, this region is also the “wood basket” that supports our natural resource based economy of Maine. This booklet is designed to help you have a safe and enjoyable trip to the area, plus provide you with important information about forest resource management and recreational use. INSIDE Katahdin Ironworks Jo-Mary Multiple Use Forest Regulations......... p6 Information......... p10 Campsite Listing......... p11 Map......... p12-13 photo by Mike Langley by photo Checkpoint Hours of Operation Visitors traveling by vehicle will pass through one of the following checkpoints. Please refer to the map in the center of this publication for locations. NMW Checkpoints Allagash 5am-9pm daily Caribou 6am-9pm daily 2012 Visitor Fees Dickey 5am-9pm daily RESIDENT NON-RESIDENT Fish River 6am-9pm daily Under 15 .............................................................Free Day Use & Camping Little Black 5am-9pm daily Age 70 and Over ..............................................Free Day Use Oxbow 6am-9pm daily Per Person Per Day ..........................................................$6 ................... $10 Six-Mile 5:30am-9:30pm daily Camping Per Night .........................................................$8
    [Show full text]
  • Minnesota Forest Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment and Synthesis: a Report from the Northwoods Climate Change Response Framework Project
    United States Department of Agriculture Minnesota Forest Ecosystem Vulnerability Assessment and Synthesis: A Report from the Northwoods Climate Change Response Framework Project Forest Northern General Technical Service Research Station Report NRS-133 May 2014 ABSTRACT The forests in northern Minnesota will be affected directly and indirectly by a changing climate during the 21st century. This assessment evaluates the vulnerability of forest ecosystems in the Laurentian Mixed Forest Province of Minnesota under a range of future climates. We synthesized and summarized information on the contemporary landscape, provided information on past climate trends, and described a range of projected future climates. This information was used to parameterize and run multiple vegetation impact models, which provided a range of potential vegetative responses to climate. Finally, we brought these results before a multidisciplinary panel of scientists and land managers familiar with northern Minnesota forests to assess ecosystem vulnerability through a formal consensus-based expert elicitation process. The summary of the contemporary landscape identifies major forest trends and stressors currently threatening forests in the region. Observed trends in climate during the past century reveal that precipitation increased in the area, particularly in summer and fall, and that daily maximum temperatures increased, particularly in winter. Projected climate trends for the next 100 years using downscaled global climate model data indicate a potential increase in mean annual temperature of 3.0 to 8.8 °F for the assessment area. Projections for precipitation indicate an increase in winter and spring precipitation, and summer and fall precipitation projections vary by scenario. We identified potential impacts on forests by incorporating these climate projections into three forest impact models (Tree Atlas, LANDIS-II, and PnET-CN).
    [Show full text]
  • 2019 Major League Baseball First-Year Player Draft
    2019 Major League Baseball First-Year Player Draft 166 Current and Former Northwoods League Players Selected Players With an Asterisk By Their Name Participated in the Northwoods League Major League Dreams Showcase Round Overall MLB Team Player College Pos. B/T Type NWL Team Year 1 14 Philadelphia *Stott, Bryson UNLV SS L/R 4YR JR Wisconsin Rapids Rafters 2017 1 31 Los Angeles N Busch, Michael North Carolina 2B L/R 4YR JR St. Cloud Rox 2017 1 32 Houston *Lee, Korey California C R/R 4YR JR La Crosse Loggers 2017-2018 2 43 Boston Cannon, Cameron Arizona SS R/R 4YR JR La Crosse Loggers 2017 2 50 Texas Garcia, Ryan UCLA RHP R/R 4YR JR Waterloo Bucks 2017 2 59 Seattle Williamson, Brandon TCU LHP L/L 4YR JR Thunder Bay Border Cats 2017 2 64 Chicago N *Strumpf, Chase UCLA 2B R/R 4YR JR Duluth Huskies 2017 CB B 70 Kansas City Marsh, Alec Arizona State RHP R/R 4YR JR Lakeshore Chinooks 2017 3 79 Baltimore Watson, Zach LSU CF R/R 4YR JR Rockford Rivets 2017 3 86 Texas *Slaten, Justin New Mexico RHP R/R 4YR JR Eau Claire Express 2018 3 95 Pittsburgh Fraizer, Matt Arizona CF L/R 4YR JR Duluth Huskies 2017 4 108 Baltimore Ortiz, Joseph New Mexico State SS R/R 4YR JR Willmar Stingers 2018 4 112 Detroit Kreidler, Ryan UCLA SS R/R 4YR JR Mankato MoonDogs 2017 4 114 Cincinnatti Johnson, Ivan Chipola College 2B S/R JC J2 Kalamazoo Growlers 2018 4 133 Milwaukee Kahle, Nick Washington C R/R 4YR JR La Crosse Loggers 2017 5 139 Kansas City Rave, John Illinois State CF L/L 4YR JR Rockford Rivets 2017 5 140 Chicago A Metzdorf, Dan Boston College LHP L/L 4YR SR St.
    [Show full text]