~Mmaso Dingli (159 - 1666)

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~Mmaso Dingli (159 - 1666) ~mmaso Dingli (159 - 1666) INTRODUZZJONI Ghal kull komunita parrokkjali, il-knisja tar-rahal hija differenti minn kull binja ohra. Il-knisja hija primarjament centru ta' qima u devozzjoni -post lijirrikoncilja dak Ii hu uman ma' I-element religjuz u spiritwali. Dan 1-aspett jagliti importanza mhux zghira lil dan il-bini. Missirijietna wkoll hasbu Ii jkollhom il-knisja taghhom, jew inkella alijar, il-knisja taghna. Ftit aktar minn 350 sena ilu, il-ftit familji Ii kienu jghixu mferrxin fuq 1-gholja tal-Gudja hasbu Ii jkun xieraq Ii jibnu 1-knisja Ii ghal hafna minna tfisser tifkiriet u memorji ta' 1-aktar grajjiet importanti ta' hajjitna. Missirijietna ta' 350 sena ilu hasbu biex jemigraw mill-knisja '1-qadima' ta' Bir Miftuh ujtellghu bi flushom u bl-gharaq ta' gbinhom knisja gdida Ii taliseb gliall-htigijiet spiritwali taghhom, ta' uliedhom u tal-generazzjonijiet 1-ohra ta' warajhom. DAHLA STORIKA Kien zmien interessanti ghall-Gudjani u ghall­ Maltin ta' dak iz-zmien. Wara aktar minn mitt sena fuq gziritna, il-Kavallieri ta' 1-0rdni ta' San Gwann kienu issa ddecidew Ii Malta kienet se tkun il-bazi permanenti taghhom. Wara mitt sena mir-rebha storika fl-Assedju 1-Kbir ta' 1-1565, pajjizna kien issa pajjiz Ii kien difiz bis­ swar u 1-fortifikazzjonijiet u mzejjen b'palazzi u bi knejjes. L-influwenza tal-Kavallieri bdiet tinhass fl-oqsma artistici kollha, specjalment fl-arkitettura, u dan xpruna lill-Maltin biex huma wkoll jippartecipaw f dan il-qawmien artistiku. Il-parrocea ta' Bir Miftuh-dik 1-omm ta' bosta wlied, bdiet bil-mod ii-mod titlef Iii uliedha. Bejn 1-ahhar snin tas-seklu sittax u 1-ewwel nofs tas-seklu sbatax minn Bir Miftuh hargu 1-parrocci 1-opra kollha. Il-Gudja, Ii fil-fatt qatt ma nqatghet minn Bir Miftuh, wirtet il-patrimonju ta' din il-parrocea antika. Imma n-nies ta' dak iz­ zmien hasbu Ii jibnu knisja ohra, ikbar, aktar moderna u aktar qribhom. Sinjuri, nistedinkom tieqfu ftit, Hawnhekk ta' minjieqafjahseb ujirrifletti dwar 1-enormita u d-diffikulta tat-twettiq ta' p,rogett bhal dan: popolazzjoni zghira ta' ftit ghexieren ta' bdiewa u rahhala lijiddeciedu lijibnu bini kbir, gholi u maestuz biex fihjaghtu qima Iii Alla. Id-decizjonijiet Ii kellhomjiehdu kienu multippli u decizivi : 1-ghazla ta' 1-alijar sit biex fih tittella' 1-knisja, kif ser jingabru 1-ammonti kbar ta' flus biexjiffinanzjaw 1-ispejjez, minn fejn serjingieb il-gebel, kif ser jitqassmu 1-irgiel tar-rahal biex kulhadd jaghti hinu u hiltu, minn u kif ser jikteb lill-Kurja biex jaghmel ir-rikors u jgib il-permessi minghand 1-Isqof, meta kien 1-ahjar zmien tas-sena biex jibda x-xoghol, kif ser titqassam il-knisja 1-gdida, minn ser jaghtihom pariri teknici u stilistici, min seta' joffri 1-gliodda tieghu, min ser imexxi x-xoghlijiet bhala kapumastru. IZda forsi 1-aktar decizjoni krucjali u Ii minnha kienu jiddependu d-decizjonijiet 1-ohra kollha kienet din: min kien sejjer jiddisinja 1-pjanta ta' din il-knisja 1-gdida? Kellhom imorru gliand xi perit Ii f dak iz-zmien kien qedjaghmel isem fit-thazziz tal-knejjesjew inkellajsibu lil xi hadd dilettant mill-inhawi, jew forsi mir-rahal stess, biex ihejji din il-pjanta? Fis-sitwazzjoni prezenti taghna llum, 1-ebda evidenza primarja qatt ma ddokumentat min kien il-perit ta' din il-knisja, izda madanakollu xorta wahda ghandna hjiel ta' min seta' kien dak Ii 350 sena ilu, fuq it-talba tal-Gudjani, nejja 1-pjanta ta' din il-knisja. TOMMASO DINGLI Il-hjiel storiku u 1-evidenza stilistikajohduna fuq triq Ii twassal lejn il-perit Tommaso Dingli. Il-kitbiet ta' wiehed mill-istorici ewlenin ta' pajjizna, Achille Ferris, fix-xoghol epokali tieghu "Descrizione Storica delle Chiese di Malta e Gozo" mitbugh fl-1866 isemmi lil Tommaso Dingli bhala 1-perit tal-knisja ta' dan ir-rahal. Certi kittieba ohra aktar ricenti ta' 1-istorja ta' 1-arkitettura Maltija wkoll izommu ma' din il-premessa. Nistghu nghidu Ii ghalkemm f dawn 1-ahhar 15 - 20 sena 1-kontribut ta' Dingli fix-xena arkitettonika Maltija gie ri-ikkunsidrat, 1-attribuzzjoni tieghu ghall-pjanta tal-knisja tal­ Gudja baqghet dejjem soda. Certi frazetti stilistici, kif ukoll numru ta' idjomi arkitettonici jgieghlu biex wiehed jintrabat ma' din il-premessa u jsostni Ii 1-influwenza ta' Dingli, ghalkemm forsi mhux kompluta u esklussiva, tinhass xorta wahda b' sahhitha. Ghaldaqstant ikun xieraq Ii hawnhekk nagnti ftit informazzjoni dwar il-personagg ta' Tommaso Dingli. Misrali il-knisja. Ritratt menud i:irka 1880-1890. Ftit ghandna dokumentazzjoni dwar hajjet Dingli, Tidher il-knisja bil-fai:i:ata originali iida 1-kampnar ta' fuq imma mill-ftit Ii nafu nistghu nsegwu 1-passi il-fai:i:ata kien diga tnenna wara Ji nbena ta' Baker Ii jidher fl-isfond. (Hajr Mario Gatt, Gudja) principali ta' hajtu. Tommaso Dingli twieled f M' Attard fit-22 ta' Dicembru ta' 1-1591 minn Gakbu u Katarina, xebba Tabone. Ma kinitx haga diffiCli Ii Tumas johrog ihobb 1-arti meta wiehed iqis Ii trabba ffamilja artistika, tant Ii missieru kien skultur filwaqt Ii zijuh Andrea kien inginier u perit. Filippo, nu Tumas, kien ukoll pittur. Jekk il-familja tan-naha ta' missieru tat lil Tumas inklinazzjoni artistika, il-familja tan-naha t' ommu taghtu inklinazzjoni religjuza. Fil-fatt, zewg kugini tieghu min-nana t' ommu kienu Dun Marco Tabone (it-tieni kappillan ta' M' Attard) u Patri Angelo Tabone, Dumnikan. Lejn 1-ahhar ta' najtu Tumas izzewweg lil Argenta mis-Siggiewi u kellhom sitt itfal, tlett ibniet u tliet subien, fosthom wiehed, Gwann Battista Ii kien gie ordnat qassis fil-21 ta' Settembru 1652. Tumas Dingli ghex hajja pjuttost twila u miet fit-22 ta' Jannar 1666 fl-eta ta' 75 sena. Indifen fil-knisja parrokkjali ta' M' Attard, taht 1-artal tal-Madonna tad-Duluri. Sfortunatament 1-ebda lapidajew tifkira ma tezisti f dan il-post. IL-KARRIERA TA' DINGLI F'zghozitu, Tumas beda 1-istudji tieghu u 1-apprentistat fil-matematika ma' Matteo Coglitura kif ukoll ma' Giovanni Attard minn Maz-Zebbug. Dan Giovanni Attard kien skultur, u flimkien mieghu, Tommaso ghamel 1-ewwel passi fix-xena artistika. Bejn 1-1610u1-1614, flimkien ma' Attard, Tommaso Dingli hadem fuq 1-Akwedott Ii kien qed jinbena fuq ordni tal-Gran Mastru Alof de Wignacourt biex iwassal 1-ilma mir-Rabat ta' 1-Imdina sal-Belt Valletta. Xoghol iehor importanti attribwit lil Dingli li sar fuq kummissjoni ta' 1-0rdni tal-Kavallieri ta' San gwann kien dak ta' 1-ippjanar tad-dahla principali tal-Belt Valletta - dik Ii kienet magnrufa bhala Porta San Giorgio, u aktar tard bhala Porta Reale. , .;,., , ." ~ : ,. l'! .......'.- . Rrogramm Besla Santa llllarlja - l!OIJ8 k ' -v,,., ~ ;wf:?t;p,.'tJ!f£J!ff "' Attribuzzjoni ohra ta' Dingli fil-Belt Valletta hija dik tal-Palazz ta' 1-Isqof, li nbena mill-IsqofBaldassare Cagliares. Storja interessanti u kurjuza fil-bini ta' dan il-palazz kienet Ii peress li dak iz-zmien 1-Isqof u I-Gran Mastru kienu impikati nafna ma xulxin, kif ukoll minhabba 1-fatt li dak iz-zmien il-bini tal­ Belt Valletta kien fl-aqwa tieghu, 1-Isqof ftit li xejn kien sab bennejja ghall-palazz tieghu. Ghalhekk 1-Isqof iddecieda Ii jaghti t-tonsura lill-haddiema tieghu biex b' hekk jezentahom mis-sudditanza taghhom lejn il-Gran Mastru. Tumas ukoll irCieva t-tonsura u ghalhekk seta' jkompli jahdem ghall-Isqof Cagliares. Kifrajna, Dingli hadem fuq diversi xoghlijiet pubblici. Izda bla dubju ta' xejn Tumas Dingli jibqa' mfakkar 1-aktar ghad-disinni tal­ knejjes parrokkjali li hargu minn idejh jew li huma attribwiti lilu. Jekk wiehed jigbor il-knejjes kollha li huma b' xi mod direttjew indirett.attribwiti lil Dingli, wiehed isib xejn inqas minn seba' knejjes parrokkjali : dik ta' H' Attard, il-knisja 1-qadima ta' B' Kara, il­ knisja 1-qadima tal-Mosta, dik tan-Naxxar, tal-Gharghur, ta' Haz-Zabbar u tal-Gudja. Ftit hija d-dokumentazzjoni li ssostni Il-knisja tal-Gudja bil-faccata 1-antika b'kampnar wielled fil-faccata. 1-attribuzzjonijiet tieghu. Peress li m' Pittura fuq pavaljun tas-seklu XVII (llajr Mario Gatt, Gudja) ghandux dokumenti bil-miktub f hafna mill-kazijiet, allura jkollna nistriehu fuq zewg punti : 1-idjoma stilistika u t-teknika tal-knejjes, kif ukoll iz-zmien li fih dawn inbnew, jigifieri 1-ewwel sittin sena tas-seklu 17. Minn evidenza dokumentata nistghu nistabbilixxu li Dingli kien imharreg sew fis-sengha tal-bini minn mindu kien ghadu tfal. Fil-fatt fil-bidu tal-karriera tieghu Dingli kienjandem bhala 'scalpellino', jigifieri wiehed li jaghmel il-lavur fil-gebla. Skond kuntratt ta' 1-1615, il-parrocca ta' H' Attard kellha thallas lil Dingli (flimkien ma' ohrajn) ghax-xoghol ta' lavur li kien ghamel fil-knisja 1-gdida ta' din il-lokalita. Proprju din il-knisja ta' H' Attard hafna drabi tigi attribwita lil Dingli. Ricentement kien hemm storici li ddubitaw minn din 1-attribuzzjoni peress li Dingli kien ghadu zghir meta din il-knisja inbniet, 1-aktar meta wiehed iqis li din hija meqjusa bhala il-kapolavur ta' Dingli. Il-fatt li hu kien minn H' Attard kif ukoll il-fatt li hu ddokumentat li hadem bhala scalpellino f din il-knisja gnenu biex din il-knisja giet attribwita lilu. Knisja ohra li giet attribwita lil Dingli fil-bidu tal-karriera tieghu kienet dik ta' Santa Marija ta' B' Kara, jew kif inhi maghrufa anjar illum, il-Parrocca 1-Qadima. Stilistikament, din il-knisja tixbah hafna lil dik ta' H' Attard u hija mzejna b' lavur ornamentali u eleganti kemm fuq gewwa kif ukoll fuq barra. Sa llum stess wiehed jista' jara hie-ear kemm dawn iz-zewg lokalitajietjemmnu fl-attribuzzjoni tal-knejjes taghhom ghal Dingli.
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