Tawhid of Allah's Most Beautiful Names & Lofty Attributes
The of BeliefAhl al-Sunnah ah
by h d D h l f h l T
Translated by Abu Safwan Farid Haibatan nt nt
Tr n l t r t n T bl Tr n l t r N t Pr f ntr d t n Th p rt n f Tawhid al-Asma wa 17 This Tawhid Represents Half of Iman in Allah 8 Tawhid al-Asma wa l-Sifat is Without Exception the Most Noble and Most Important Branch of Knowledge. 2 Tawhid al-Asma wa l-Silat is the Origin of all Religious Knowledge 2 Knowledge of Allah's Names and Attributes is a Great and Important Tenet Within the Methodology of the Salaf 24 Knowledge of the Names and Attributes of Allah Opens the Door for the Servant to Knowing Allah 26 The Basis of Sound Knowledge is Iman in Allah and in His Names and Attributes 28 Knowledge of Allah's Names and Attributes is Life to the Hearts 0 The Fruits of Knowing and Understanding Allah's Names and Attributes 2 The Importance of Steering Clear of Falsehood and not Opposi the Way of Truth in this Domain
h pt r Th D f n t n f Tawhid al-Asma wa -$i a nd t R l t n h p t th th r t r f Tawhid The Definition of Tawhid al-Asma wa 4 The Relationship Between the Categories of Tawhid t r f Tawhid Tawhid of Allah's Most Beautiful Names Th R l t n h p B t n th t r f Tawhid & Lofty Attributes ll f th r n n nv t t n t Tawhid 62 h l f Ahl t S nn h h nt nt
Tr n l t r t n T bl Tr n l t r N t Pr f ntr d t n Th p rt n f Tawhid al-Asma wa 17 This Tawhid Represents Half of Iman in Allah 8 Tawhid al-Asma wa l-Sifat is Without Exception the Most Noble and Most Important Branch of Knowledge. 2 Tawhid al-Asma wa l-Silat is the Origin of all Religious Knowledge 2 Knowledge of Allah's Names and Attributes is a Great and Important Tenet Within the Methodology of the Salaf 24 Knowledge of the Names and Attributes of Allah Opens the Door for the Servant to Knowing Allah 26 The Basis of Sound Knowledge is Iman in Allah and in His Names and Attributes 28 Knowledge of Allah's Names and Attributes is Life to the Hearts 0 The Fruits of Knowing and Understanding Allah's Names and Attributes 2 The Importance of Steering Clear of Falsehood and not Opposi the Way of Truth in this Domain
h pt r Th D f n t n f Tawhid al-Asma wa -$i a nd t R l t n h p t th th r t r f Tawhid The Definition of Tawhid al-Asma wa 4 The Relationship Between the Categories of Tawhid t r f Tawhid Tawhid of Allah's Most Beautiful Names Th R l t n h p B t n th t r f Tawhid & Lofty Attributes ll f th r n n nv t t n t Tawhid 62 h l f Ahl t S nn h h h pt r 2 The Foundations on which the Belief ofAhl al-Sunnah in the Th D f n t n f al-Salaf al-.541a nd Ahl al-Sunnah wa Wawa' ah, Names and Attributes of Allah are Based 0 n xpl n t n f th r B l f n th ttr b t nd N f ll h l r f t n f th F nd t n 0 nd th F nd t n th t th B l f B d p n 6 Th F r t F nd t n: t P 'man n ll th N The Definition of al-Salaf & Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamd ah 6 nd ttr b t th t h v b n nt n d n th r n nd th th nt Sunnah b f ff r n nd N t n D f n t n f al-Salaf . ■ 6 h r ppr pr t 0 • L x l n n f th rd Salaf 6 n : Th n f n l d n D v n tt r • Th (l l n n f th T r nl r d b f th B , Sunnah nd al-Salaf al-Salib 6 t t nt f th Salaf f th Ummah 0 • Pr n pl f th l f th d l 6 T : R v l t n Pl d B f r th nt ll t 0 • Pr f f r th bl t n t F ll th Salaf Thr : T B l v n th n n nd R l n nd t dh r t th r th d l 0 nd t d b th T xt f th N nd ttr b t D f n t n ofAhl al-Sunnah F r: R j t n f Tahrtf nd Ta' til f th T xt f An Explanation of Belief ofAhl al-Sunnah in the Names and th N nd ttr b t Attributes of Allah Th nd F nd t n: t x lt nd l v t ll h xpl n t n f th D l r t n ofAhl al-Sunnah `... th t (Julia wa Ala) v r nd b v th tt r f n f n Tabrif n r Ta'til nd th t n Takyif n r Tamthil' 8 H ttr b t v r R bl n ttr b t f H r t n 4 Th n n f `... th t n Tabrif n r Ta` ' 8 n : h r h Pr f h h R l t th l v t n nd x lt t n f ll h b v n R bl n t • Th n n f Tahrif nd t T p 82 H r t n 4 • Th n n f Ta`ti1 86 T : Th nd t n f th nt ll t T rd th F l t Th n n f `... th t n Takyif n r Tamthil' 88 f n R bl n B t n th ttr b t f th r t r • Th n n f Takyif 88 nd th ttr b t f r t n • Th n n f Tamthil 0 Thr : nf r t n N d n t N t t
v r r affil Mumaththil nd every Mumaththil Mu' attil 2 L n B t n th N d • xpl n t n f h th Mu' attilah t B th Ta` til F r: n xpl n t n f th P nt fr L n nd Tamthil 2 P r p t v , th n fr th n l f th Shari ah 22 • xpl n t n f h th Mushabbihah t B th F v : Th D v F t r th t t p rt th B l f f
Ta til nd Tamthil Ahl al-Sunnah n th F nd t n fr th B l f f th P pl f Ta til nd P pl f Tamthil 2 h pt r 2 The Foundations on which the Belief ofAhl al-Sunnah in the Th D f n t n f al-Salaf al-.541a nd Ahl al-Sunnah wa Wawa' ah, Names and Attributes of Allah are Based 0 n xpl n t n f th r B l f n th ttr b t nd N f ll h l r f t n f th F nd t n 0 nd th F nd t n th t th B l f B d p n 6 Th F r t F nd t n: t P 'man n ll th N The Definition of al-Salaf & Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamd ah 6 nd ttr b t th t h v b n nt n d n th r n nd th th nt Sunnah b f ff r n nd N t n D f n t n f al-Salaf . ■ 6 h r ppr pr t 0 • L x l n n f th rd Salaf 6 n : Th n f n l d n D v n tt r • Th (l l n n f th T r nl r d b f th B , Sunnah nd al-Salaf al-Salib 6 t t nt f th Salaf f th Ummah 0 • Pr n pl f th l f th d l 6 T : R v l t n Pl d B f r th nt ll t 0 • Pr f f r th bl t n t F ll th Salaf Thr : T B l v n th n n nd R l n nd t dh r t th r th d l 0 nd t d b th T xt f th N nd ttr b t D f n t n ofAhl al-Sunnah F r: R j t n f Tahrtf nd Ta' til f th T xt f An Explanation of Belief ofAhl al-Sunnah in the Names and th N nd ttr b t Attributes of Allah Th nd F nd t n: t x lt nd l v t ll h xpl n t n f th D l r t n ofAhl al-Sunnah `... th t (Julia wa Ala) v r nd b v th tt r f n f n Tabrif n r Ta'til nd th t n Takyif n r Tamthil' 8 H ttr b t v r R bl n ttr b t f H r t n 4 Th n n f `... th t n Tabrif n r Ta` ' 8 n : h r h Pr f h h R l t th l v t n nd x lt t n f ll h b v n R bl n t • Th n n f Tahrif nd t T p 82 H r t n 4 • Th n n f Ta`ti1 86 T : Th nd t n f th nt ll t T rd th F l t Th n n f `... th t n Takyif n r Tamthil' 88 f n R bl n B t n th ttr b t f th r t r • Th n n f Takyif 88 nd th ttr b t f r t n • Th n n f Tamthil 0 Thr : nf r t n N d n t N t t
v r r affil Mumaththil nd every Mumaththil Mu' attil 2 L n B t n th N d • xpl n t n f h th Mu' attilah t B th Ta` til F r: n xpl n t n f th P nt fr L n nd Tamthil 2 P r p t v , th n fr th n l f th Shari ah 22 • xpl n t n f h th Mushabbihah t B th F v : Th D v F t r th t t p rt th B l f f
Ta til nd Tamthil Ahl al-Sunnah n th F nd t n fr th B l f f th P pl f Ta til nd P pl f Tamthil 2 Th Th rd F nd t n: t R l n h ll H p f Tr n l t r t n T bl pr h nd n h ll h t ll h r t r d b Th ttr b t 4 n : ll h h n t ff rd d H r t n n n l d r ht f H n n r d d H n l d f th t n b nt p n Th 4 T : L t t n f th nd n F th n th N t r Consonants, f ll h ttr b t 6 Thr : Th nd r t nd n B h nd th t t nt f th l f, th t n Kay! 8 d ,l d F r: n r n f th R l t d n t nd r n Imän n th ttr b t r n l d f th r n n 40 ,.. b dh $ t J n l n 42 .:..., t r .6 z B bl r ph 4 th j z e n r i .0 h ci h r h. h f .
t h ,
Vowels, diphthongs, etc.
h rt: ..:.. L. L n : t t —r d phth n : . . Th Th rd F nd t n: t R l n h ll H p f Tr n l t r t n T bl pr h nd n h ll h t ll h r t r d b Th ttr b t 4 n : ll h h n t ff rd d H r t n n n l d r ht f H n n r d d H n l d f th t n b nt p n Th 4 T : L t t n f th nd n F th n th N t r Consonants, f ll h ttr b t 6 Thr : Th nd r t nd n B h nd th t t nt f th l f, th t n Kay! 8 d ,l d F r: n r n f th R l t d n t nd r n Imän n th ttr b t r n l d f th r n n 40 ,.. b dh $ t J n l n 42 .:..., t r .6 z B bl r ph 4 th j z e n r i .0 h ci h r h. h f .
t h ,
Vowels, diphthongs, etc.
h rt: ..:.. L. L n : t t —r d phth n : . . Tr n l t r N t
ll pr f r ll h l n nd H x lt nd nd p nd bl n p n r b l v d Pr ph t nd p n th h f ll h . Th th r f th r h h h d bn h hf h bn l l T . H b rn n l d n h n th r 4H ( . H r d t d fr th l n v r t th r nd b ntl bt n d h t r ( 406H nd D t r t ( 4 0H t th n v r t , p l n n ag a . t pr nt h n t pr f r t th n v r t n th f lt f D h nd ll l D n nd h l th h d f th d R r h t n t th n v r t . Th h h h n b r f r th t h v b n p bl h d r n n fr v r f t n f l l r , rt l f r v r z n ll n b r f r h h lf h th r d. Th p rt l r b f h b f r n f th b t n t f ld n ntr d t n nt th bj t r f th au f ll h N nd ttr b t , nd ll h n b t. f t f t r r : • Th xpl n t n f th f nd nt l nd pr n pl o A a Su a n th r l n th l r f t n f p f d t l d tt r . • l r f t n f th d v nt th d l n l r nn r h l t xpl n n th tr th n th r rd. • Th t f th b h v b n t t n ll tr t r d nn r th th r b n th th p rt n f th b j t. H th n v n t d f n t n , th n r l t n h p , x pl n t n nd r l n nd th n f rth r d p r l r f t n. • Th l r t f h xpr n nd d n f th bj t. • n ph n th pr t l th t p rt n t th bj t nt n d n n b r f p nt nd r th t p f th p rt n f th t r f a .
Tr n l t r N t
ll pr f r ll h l n nd H x lt nd nd p nd bl n p n r b l v d Pr ph t nd p n th h f ll h . Th th r f th r h h h d bn h hf h bn l l T . H b rn n l d n h n th r 4H ( . H r d t d fr th l n v r t th r nd b ntl bt n d h t r ( 406H nd D t r t ( 4 0H t th n v r t , p l n n ag a . t pr nt h n t pr f r t th n v r t n th f lt f D h nd ll l D n nd h l th h d f th d R r h t n t th n v r t . Th h h h n b r f r th t h v b n p bl h d r n n fr v r f t n f l l r , rt l f r v r z n ll n b r f r h h lf h th r d. Th p rt l r b f h b f r n f th b t n t f ld n ntr d t n nt th bj t r f th au f ll h N nd ttr b t , nd ll h n b t. f t f t r r : • Th xpl n t n f th f nd nt l nd pr n pl o A a Su a n th r l n th l r f t n f p f d t l d tt r . • l r f t n f th d v nt th d l n l r nn r h l t xpl n n th tr th n th r rd. • Th t f th b h v b n t t n ll tr t r d nn r th th r b n th th p rt n f th b j t. H th n v n t d f n t n , th n r l t n h p , x pl n t n nd r l n nd th n f rth r d p r l r f t n. • Th l r t f h xpr n nd d n f th bj t. • n ph n th pr t l th t p rt n t th bj t nt n d n n b r f p nt nd r th t p f th p rt n f th t r f a .
Th l t p nt n r l t th nd bj t v f th bj t r th Pr f nn r n h h ll h N nd ttr b t r t b nd r t d nd h th r t h v n p t n th iman nd b h v r f p r n. H v r, th b d n t v r th p t n d t l d ll pr f r ll h. pr H nd H h lp nd f r v nn r. Th p f th b pr d th nd h r t h n . t rn t H n r p nt n nd r f n ll h fr th n l, n rn n t lf th th n t rd th bj t v . t r v l f r lv nd th dn f r n d d . h v r l t d t th f th rr t b l f t rd ll h N nd t ll h d , nn t b l d tr nd h v r ll h d , tr b t . F r n t b tr l ff t d b ll h N nd ttr b t , n n n d h . b r tn th t n n h th r ht t b r th l, n t t d b th B f ll h nd th nn h f H h pp d x pt ll h, l n th t n p rtn r. T H b l n th n r ( h h t p th rr t b l f th n n t b t f l N nd th t x lt d ttr b t . th N nd ttr b t . b r tn th t h d H l v , n r nd H tr t d Pl n t th t rt n r f th b r l t r t t xtb n th th r v l t n. ll h nt h th th d n nd r l n th n t b f r l r d n . h, n n d t r d v r f tr th. H nv d th , r nd r d th tr t pl d p n rt n t n r th n n nd t , n f t, b f r t r b n h , n r l dv d th ummah, made jihad n th f ll h n f t t r d th nt r b r th n n . t tr t n nd r h pp d H L rd nt l h t th n v t bl rt nt . ll h pr h nd nd p p n h nd h • Th r b r n l Mu' taqad Ahl al-Sunnah wa l-fama" ah ft h h ld. Tauraid al-Asma wa l-Sifeit p bl h d b d l l f, R dh, . . . (N Pr nt , . Th t d th f r t f th r , Studies on the subject areas of Tawhid al-Asma wa l-Sifat, nd t t tl , The belief of Ahl al-Sunnah wa • n f tn t t r n t d th t fr th tr n l t r. affamil ah in Tawrad al-Asrna wa • Tr n l t n f th r n b d n The Noble Qur'an b Dr. ll h ll n , th f ll n t d ll d t: h d T d D n l H l l nd Dr. h d h n h n th l ht d f t n h n n r . Th nd t d : Th belief of Ahlal-Sunnah wa allamd ah in the most beautiful Names of Allah ll h r rd ll th h h v h lp d n th tr n l t n nd th H l ll . H r t n Th th rd t d : Th belief of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-lama` ah n r l f r H F nd n t l t n n h v h r n th . in the most exalted Attributes of Allah Th f rth t d : Th principles of Ahl al-Sunnah wa llama` ah in understanding the texts which contain the Names and Attributes of Allah
. . d th. t
2 Th l t p nt n r l t th nd bj t v f th bj t r th Pr f nn r n h h ll h N nd ttr b t r t b nd r t d nd h th r t h v n p t n th iman nd b h v r f p r n. H v r, th b d n t v r th p t n d t l d ll pr f r ll h. pr H nd H h lp nd f r v nn r. Th p f th b pr d th nd h r t h n . t rn t H n r p nt n nd r f n ll h fr th n l, n rn n t lf th th n t rd th bj t v . t r v l f r lv nd th dn f r n d d . h v r l t d t th f th rr t b l f t rd ll h N nd t ll h d , nn t b l d tr nd h v r ll h d , tr b t . F r n t b tr l ff t d b ll h N nd ttr b t , n n n d h . b r tn th t n n h th r ht t b r th l, n t t d b th B f ll h nd th nn h f H h pp d x pt ll h, l n th t n p rtn r. T H b l n th n r ( h h t p th rr t b l f th n n t b t f l N nd th t x lt d ttr b t . th N nd ttr b t . b r tn th t h d H l v , n r nd H tr t d Pl n t th t rt n r f th b r l t r t t xtb n th th r v l t n. ll h nt h th th d n nd r l n th n t b f r l r d n . h, n n d t r d v r f tr th. H nv d th , r nd r d th tr t pl d p n rt n t n r th n n nd t , n f t, b f r t r b n h , n r l dv d th ummah, made jihad n th f ll h n f t t r d th nt r b r th n n . t tr t n nd r h pp d H L rd nt l h t th n v t bl rt nt . ll h pr h nd nd p p n h nd h • Th r b r n l Mu' taqad Ahl al-Sunnah wa l-fama" ah ft h h ld. Tauraid al-Asma wa l-Sifeit p bl h d b d l l f, R dh, . . . (N Pr nt , . Th t d th f r t f th r , Studies on the subject areas of Tawhid al-Asma wa l-Sifat, nd t t tl , The belief of Ahl al-Sunnah wa • n f tn t t r n t d th t fr th tr n l t r. affamil ah in Tawrad al-Asrna wa • Tr n l t n f th r n b d n The Noble Qur'an b Dr. ll h ll n , th f ll n t d ll d t: h d T d D n l H l l nd Dr. h d h n h n th l ht d f t n h n n r . Th nd t d : Th belief of Ahlal-Sunnah wa allamd ah in the most beautiful Names of Allah ll h r rd ll th h h v h lp d n th tr n l t n nd th H l ll . H r t n Th th rd t d : Th belief of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-lama` ah n r l f r H F nd n t l t n n h v h r n th . in the most exalted Attributes of Allah Th f rth t d : Th principles of Ahl al-Sunnah wa llama` ah in understanding the texts which contain the Names and Attributes of Allah
. . d th. t
2
Th f fth t d : Th statements of al-Ta 012 and the position Th f r t t d b d th f ll n h pt r : of Ahl al-Sunnah wa ah towards . Th D f n t n ofTau/hidal-Anna wa 1,5ifat nd t R l t n h p t them th th r t r f Tawhid
Th xth t d : Th statements of al-Tashbrh and the position Two areas of discussion are contained in this chapter of Ahl al-Sunnah wa 1-Jama' ah towards them .Th d f n t n f Tawhid al-Asn2a wa 1-Siftt nt nt n b h nd th p bl t n f th r t rv th f l 2. t r l t n h p t th th r t r f Tauthid l n r : 2. Th B l f f Ahl al-Sunnah wa ah n th N nd t tr b t f ll h . T xpl n th b l f ofAhl al-Sunnah wa 1-Jama ah n th N nd ttr b t f ll h n b th pr h n v nd d t l d nn r. Three areas of discussion are contained in this chapter: Th h v d b f r tl l r f n th n r l nd f nd nt l . Th d f n t n f al-Salaf al-Salth nd Ahl al-Sunnah , th n r r h n nt th p f d t l d f nd th n wa al-Jama" ah th f nd nt l . h v d v t d th f r t t d t pr nt n th 2. Th b l f f Ahl al-Sunnah wa 1-Jama' ah n th j r pr n pl th t n f t nd l r f th b l f f Ahl al-Sunnah N nd ttr b t f ll h wa 1-Jama" ah fr n r l v p nt. h nd v r p f th n d lt th n t t t l t n f rth r p r t t d . . Th f nd t n n h h th r b l f n th N nd ttr b t f ll h b d 2. T br n t th r th d p r d r l t d t th f ld. Th r tt r d n th b f Ahl al-Sunnah. h v x rt d h v nd d th f r t t d th n l n nd dd d n b r f t t n tr n t p l , rr n nd l f th , ll pp nd . tr n t tr t r th n h h ll t t nd r d n t l t h v r h d l v l f p rf t n n th t d , b t t t nd nd nv t t . ff th t h v x rt d t t ff rt . f rr t th n . T d l th rr pt n f th d tr n f th p pl f d v t n th t b th F v r f ll h l n , nd f h v f ll n h rt f th nd rr r h d v t d fr th tr th n th d n. Th d n t r , r rr d, th n th fr th n t r f n ff rt . f h th r n n b h nd th f l t f th r b l f nd th p f th h r n th n n rr t n th t d t d t l th r d v t n nd p rv r n n rd r f r th l t b n h nf r f h. rd n t f ll n nt h d v t n. ll h t pt th ff rt f n nd th t H t r ht t n t d p r l f r H F nd th t H d n t ll n n l t h v h r n t. Th nd t r ppl t n th t ll pr f r ll h, L rd f th rld .
2 Th rd nd th r h t r , h h r p f t th f ld, ll b xpl n d f rth r n n th b . t h d bn h l f h l T
4
Th f fth t d : Th statements of al-Ta 012 and the position Th f r t t d b d th f ll n h pt r : of Ahl al-Sunnah wa ah towards . Th D f n t n ofTau/hidal-Anna wa 1,5ifat nd t R l t n h p t them th th r t r f Tawhid
Th xth t d : Th statements of al-Tashbrh and the position Two areas of discussion are contained in this chapter of Ahl al-Sunnah wa 1-Jama' ah towards them .Th d f n t n f Tawhid al-Asn2a wa 1-Siftt nt nt n b h nd th p bl t n f th r t rv th f l 2. t r l t n h p t th th r t r f Tauthid l n r : 2. Th B l f f Ahl al-Sunnah wa ah n th N nd t tr b t f ll h . T xpl n th b l f ofAhl al-Sunnah wa 1-Jama ah n th N nd ttr b t f ll h n b th pr h n v nd d t l d nn r. Three areas of discussion are contained in this chapter: Th h v d b f r tl l r f n th n r l nd f nd nt l . Th d f n t n f al-Salaf al-Salth nd Ahl al-Sunnah , th n r r h n nt th p f d t l d f nd th n wa al-Jama" ah th f nd nt l . h v d v t d th f r t t d t pr nt n th 2. Th b l f f Ahl al-Sunnah wa 1-Jama' ah n th j r pr n pl th t n f t nd l r f th b l f f Ahl al-Sunnah N nd ttr b t f ll h wa 1-Jama" ah fr n r l v p nt. h nd v r p f th n d lt th n t t t l t n f rth r p r t t d . . Th f nd t n n h h th r b l f n th N nd ttr b t f ll h b d 2. T br n t th r th d p r d r l t d t th f ld. Th r tt r d n th b f Ahl al-Sunnah. h v x rt d h v nd d th f r t t d th n l n nd dd d n b r f t t n tr n t p l , rr n nd l f th , ll pp nd . tr n t tr t r th n h h ll t t nd r d n t l t h v r h d l v l f p rf t n n th t d , b t t t nd nd nv t t . ff th t h v x rt d t t ff rt . f rr t th n . T d l th rr pt n f th d tr n f th p pl f d v t n th t b th F v r f ll h l n , nd f h v f ll n h rt f th nd rr r h d v t d fr th tr th n th d n. Th d n t r , r rr d, th n th fr th n t r f n ff rt . f h th r n n b h nd th f l t f th r b l f nd th p f th h r n th n n rr t n th t d t d t l th r d v t n nd p rv r n n rd r f r th l t b n h nf r f h. rd n t f ll n nt h d v t n. ll h t pt th ff rt f n nd th t H t r ht t n t d p r l f r H F nd th t H d n t ll n n l t h v h r n t. Th nd t r ppl t n th t ll pr f r ll h, L rd f th rld .
2 Th rd nd th r h t r , h h r p f t th f ld, ll b xpl n d f rth r n n th b . t h d bn h l f h l T
4 NTR D T N
Th p rt n f au i a A ma wa a
ll pr f r ll h, th t r f l, th B t r f r th n r f th D f J d nt. h r tn th t n n h th r ht t h r h pp d x pt ll h, l n th t n p rtn r, th n h h r t r d b l t f n f n nd h d r b d th ttr b t f p rf t n. b r tn th t h d H l v nd n r, H tr t d n th H r v l t n, H f v r d n fr n H r t n nd H pr f v r H rv nt , ll h pr nd nd p p n h nd h f l . t f r t b n f t nd p rt n t th r f tr th b f r h b r n t d n th ntr f th r f au i a Asma wa
$ a t b r f th p rt n f th t r f aui i , t v l , t t nd r l n r l t n t b l f pr n p ll , nd t th r t f th r l n h l . n br n n th b n f l n pt t th tt nt n f th l , . . r rd n th h h p t n th a a ic p , t ll b f b n f t t h , b th ll f ll h, n h ima n ll h h ll n t th r th p rt n t rr nt . l rl t ll n r h d r t l rn nd nd r t nd t v r p t , nd br n h , f h h th t d nt f n l d , h d r t p h lf th r b n f l n l d , nn t d th t. t r r tt bl t f nd th t nd v d l tt h l ttl p rt n nd n f n t th t r f aw . h p r n b l v th t th r l t n t th d n d n t b nd th r l t n f th d ff r nt nd v r p n n n rn n th um e f N nd ttr b t n t d r ff r d f r ll h. Th h l r n h v d n t x d th nd l t d t t.
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Th p rt n f au i a A ma wa a
ll pr f r ll h, th t r f l, th B t r f r th n r f th D f J d nt. h r tn th t n n h th r ht t h r h pp d x pt ll h, l n th t n p rtn r, th n h h r t r d b l t f n f n nd h d r b d th ttr b t f p rf t n. b r tn th t h d H l v nd n r, H tr t d n th H r v l t n, H f v r d n fr n H r t n nd H pr f v r H rv nt , ll h pr nd nd p p n h nd h f l . t f r t b n f t nd p rt n t th r f tr th b f r h b r n t d n th ntr f th r f au i a Asma wa
$ a t b r f th p rt n f th t r f aui i , t v l , t t nd r l n r l t n t b l f pr n p ll , nd t th r t f th r l n h l . n br n n th b n f l n pt t th tt nt n f th l , . . r rd n th h h p t n th a a ic p , t ll b f b n f t t h , b th ll f ll h, n h ima n ll h h ll n t th r th p rt n t rr nt . l rl t ll n r h d r t l rn nd nd r t nd t v r p t , nd br n h , f h h th t d nt f n l d , h d r t p h lf th r b n f l n l d , nn t d th t. t r r tt bl t f nd th t nd v d l tt h l ttl p rt n nd n f n t th t r f aw . h p r n b l v th t th r l t n t th d n d n t b nd th r l t n f th d ff r nt nd v r p n n n rn n th um e f N nd ttr b t n t d r ff r d f r ll h. Th h l r n h v d n t x d th nd l t d t t.
Th n t n nd t t nt n nl n t fr n f t nd ll h L rd h p, h r v rt b t h r t r nd r n h n l v d l : th r n n r nt p r n h n r f th b n f l d nd t n. , b H h d d, f r H h t nd t H nt n d n th f ld nd f th l v l f p rt n nd nd r h ll r t rn. n nn t d th t H nd t v rt t th r th n t nd n th t n l n d p n th r n h h d v t n H th rn r t n f h d tr t n nd r n. n h b l f f r h pr th t th nd t n f th f ld d f n d n h ll h b t t t f r v r th n h r n th n r n b th t t t x t n n t th p pl f f l h d, h d d n t n n d p n f ll h . th l v nn t tt n n dn r nl ht n nt fr th B r th nn h n th f ld n r n x pt thr h n n h L rd nd r h pp n H . f th r. th r , th n th th nt nd d bj t v f r h nd th r n rd n l , th r d n n th d n d d n t b nd n f r h x t n . n th n l b d th f xtr b n f t r p r t t n th N nd ttr b t f ll h nd r n d bt n ll r fl h v n n b n f t r h r f l r n nt. t f th . H n , th l d th d r t tt n n n n l Th h th ll f th n r t th r p pl th t f ll d f th N nd ttr b t , l t l n , l r f n t t t nd t h v n ima n ll h nd r h pp n H . v r n r t rt d r l t th l b l f nd iman n h L rd. h ll th th n n h r r h nt th ll (dd wah) f Th r f r , t f d r n t h d l ht t rd th tr th, t t h th th n r nt n d n th r n ll d v r. n r nt h h dl , ll nd pp l t th v l t r h h d v Th nt l pr r t f r h pp n , f t nd bt n d t d nd n f r v n f r th h l r, h v r tt n th b t l n th t t r f Taw/gd, th t ima n ll h b lt rd h h p nt t f th b n f t nd v rt th t th p r p n. F r th p rp f f lf ll n th , ll h nt H n r ( t l r t r f Tauthid b d . h p ll h th n h nd t t, th rl r n r ll d, th v r f r t f th t th p r nd r ll t t t b n f t fr t. v r l t.
F r th t r n r , nd th ll h l ll nd t 4 n f th t t r aw i a I m: a K a a i a r I iqa i H r h t f r h lp nd d r t n, h t ld l t xpl n, h h pr ff r n ttr b t f p rf t n f r ll h nd d d d n th f ll n p nt : l r n H t b fr f n l r t r l n nd l v t n H 1. This Tatubid Represents Half of Iman in Allah b v d r pt n f p rf t n.
Th l n t bl v f th p rt n o ima n ll h, t . . n h r l n ll h nd ntr t h ff r t H , tr thf ll nd p n th f r t rt l f iman, n f t, t th r t t f th ll, f r th n l d nd n ht, nt nt nd n th t n n r n th n b d th r r l f ll n fr t nd r t ff pr n . H n b th pr p r nd tr bl t . t th t , n th n r n n n d p n f ll l n tr n t h v th r lf r nd r p l n h r , r rdl Th p rt l r rt l th n l t p rt nt tt r f r h h f th ph l nd nt l tr n th h h . Th t n n r fr th n r t n r t d, n r r nt, b r r v l d nd n f ll h n , a Qayy i i th qayy em th n h lf ff nt nd p n h h th rr t p th b lt. lf pp rt v nd h pp rt nd ff ll l , nd th t ll h l n . t Iman n ll h th f nd t n f v r d, r f ll d n 4 A : I mi . . n ntr t n n n l d pp d t t n (a Ama i .A K a a i . . th n l d d p nd nt p n r v l d t xt (k a . A ] ki k i.e. t t nd r n f r v r . n n r t n nd bj t t f r p rt f th p r n b l f. ltl
8 Th n t n nd t t nt n nl n t fr n f t nd ll h L rd h p, h r v rt b t h r t r nd r n h n l v d l : th r n n r nt p r n h n r f th b n f l d nd t n. , b H h d d, f r H h t nd t H nt n d n th f ld nd f th l v l f p rt n nd nd r h ll r t rn. n nn t d th t H nd t v rt t th r th n t nd n th t n l n d p n th r n h h d v t n H th rn r t n f h d tr t n nd r n. n h b l f f r h pr th t th nd t n f th f ld d f n d n h ll h b t t t f r v r th n h r n th n r n b th t t t x t n n t th p pl f f l h d, h d d n t n n d p n f ll h . th l v nn t tt n n dn r nl ht n nt fr th B r th nn h n th f ld n r n x pt thr h n n h L rd nd r h pp n H . f th r. th r , th n th th nt nd d bj t v f r h nd th r n rd n l , th r d n n th d n d d n t b nd n f r h x t n . n th n l b d th f xtr b n f t r p r t t n th N nd ttr b t f ll h nd r n d bt n ll r fl h v n n b n f t r h r f l r n nt. t f th . H n , th l d th d r t tt n n n n l Th h th ll f th n r t th r p pl th t f ll d f th N nd ttr b t , l t l n , l r f n t t t nd t h v n ima n ll h nd r h pp n H . v r n r t rt d r l t th l b l f nd iman n h L rd. h ll th th n n h r r h nt th ll (dd wah) f Th r f r , t f d r n t h d l ht t rd th tr th, t t h th th n r nt n d n th r n ll d v r. n r nt h h dl , ll nd pp l t th v l t r h h d v Th nt l pr r t f r h pp n , f t nd bt n d t d nd n f r v n f r th h l r, h v r tt n th b t l n th t t r f Taw/gd, th t ima n ll h b lt rd h h p nt t f th b n f t nd v rt th t th p r p n. F r th p rp f f lf ll n th , ll h nt H n r ( t l r t r f Tauthid b d . h p ll h th n h nd t t, th rl r n r ll d, th v r f r t f th t th p r nd r ll t t t b n f t fr t. v r l t.
F r th t r n r , nd th ll h l ll nd t 4 n f th t t r aw i a I m: a K a a i a r I iqa i H r h t f r h lp nd d r t n, h t ld l t xpl n, h h pr ff r n ttr b t f p rf t n f r ll h nd d d d n th f ll n p nt : l r n H t b fr f n l r t r l n nd l v t n H 1. This Tatubid Represents Half of Iman in Allah b v d r pt n f p rf t n.
Th l n t bl v f th p rt n o ima n ll h, t . . n h r l n ll h nd ntr t h ff r t H , tr thf ll nd p n th f r t rt l f iman, n f t, t th r t t f th ll, f r th n l d nd n ht, nt nt nd n th t n n r n th n b d th r r l f ll n fr t nd r t ff pr n . H n b th pr p r nd tr bl t . t th t , n th n r n n n d p n f ll l n tr n t h v th r lf r nd r p l n h r , r rdl Th p rt l r rt l th n l t p rt nt tt r f r h h f th ph l nd nt l tr n th h h . Th t n n r fr th n r t n r t d, n r r nt, b r r v l d nd n f ll h n , a Qayy i i th qayy em th n h lf ff nt nd p n h h th rr t p th b lt. lf pp rt v nd h pp rt nd ff ll l , nd th t ll h l n . t Iman n ll h th f nd t n f v r d, r f ll d n 4 A : I mi . . n ntr t n n n l d pp d t t n (a Ama i .A K a a i . . th n l d d p nd nt p n r v l d t xt (k a . A ] ki k i.e. t t nd r n f r v r . n n r t n nd bj t t f r p rt f th p r n b l f. ltl
8 Th nd t r f aw i t r h p H l n , th t n 2. Tawhid al-Anna wa l-.5ifat is Without Exception the Most p rtn r t h v b l t l v , n r t , f r, h p nd r l n n H Noble and Most Important Branch of Knowledge t b pl d th H L rd, D t , nd P tr n nd n t t t p nd d, th x ll n f p rt l r br n h f n l d d p nd n p rtn r l n d H n n th n . nt p n th x ll n f th t p rt l r n n th n t lf b ll h h n rp r t d th t t r n th t Sa a s f p f th r n n h n th v d n nd pr f f r t x t n , r t : th nt n n d n h f r n n t nd th tr nd b n f t t r t rn . Th r th Sa a j L ., L L b h h nt n a au i a Ai a i a a i nd th Sa a wi , ■ yi yi 7 h h nt n a aw i th t d bt, th t x lt d, t n f nt nd r t t a I mi a K a a n n nt t ll h, h , n n h th r ht t b r h pp d b t H , L rd f th rld , th lf ff nt nd t n r f th , th Sa a a.. w nt l n xpl n t n f h t ll h p J. H v n nd rth Th n th R l t l b n th n d f ttr b t f p rf t n nd n xpl n t n f H l v t n r b d th ll p rf t n l v t d b v v r d f t, d f n nd v r nd b v n p rf t n nd l t d , h l t th Sa a l , nd b v n l t d t H p rf t n. yiK ■ 4, i nt l th bl t n f r h pp n H l n , th t n p rtn r, nd th r n n nt f r h pp n n th n Th r n d bt th r f r , th t n l d f ll h, H N , t b d H . tr b t nd t n th t x lt d nd t x ll nt br n h f n l d . Th p r n f th br n h f n l d t ll th N th r f th t t r pl t th t th th r. F r th th r br n h l th p r n f ll h t ll th r nt t ." r n, th Pr ph t ( d t r t th t r h n th su a pr r f a , Mag i nd Wi , h h n r t nd f t t n d: " n l d r l th n t t n nd n l d r t , th t th b nn n f th d t rt th au i n l d r d f r t: t n th bj t v . r v r, t f nd th nd f th d l th a i . n f t th t th bj t v p r t r x ll n th n th n . h t th t pr f r th n v r t l " n r , th r rd t th aw ic th t d nd d fr th rv nt, h lf f t r pr nt d n au i a Asma wa i a . t r pl d: "B th n l d nd t n h v t p rt : p rt th t th n nd p rt th t th bj t v . ATTauthid Atnalt . . n ntr t n n t n nd aTIradt . . n l d n t l th n nd n t l nd r tl th t th h rt nd l b r h p, tr v , nt nd nd d r nl ll h n th r t n . ht ft r.
Th f r t ayah fr r h l f r n ( 0 . l n f ll h t b t f l N , th v d nt, h pr n nd r l t n 7 Th f r t dyah fr r h l hl ( 2 . n t n bl rt nt b f th lt t d f pr f nd n H h h n 8 h h l lb n , ll h h v r p n h , nt n th f t f r ll thr nd pl d th n H r t n. nd d, th v d n p nt n t H tawnid, H pr r nd pr v d th taklmij f r t. R f r t The Prophets Prayer Described from the L rd h p nd v r nt r r v d nt th n th dd n. H l th n beginning to the end as though you see it, pp. , 4 & 8. t h h l rl h n t H r t n th p th t lv t n nd . t
ama alluyush Ghazwi al-MM atalah allahmiyyah, pp. 6. "Miftab Dar al-Sa' adah, 86.
20 2 Th nd t r f aw i t r h p H l n , th t n 2. Tawhid al-Anna wa l-.5ifat is Without Exception the Most p rtn r t h v b l t l v , n r t , f r, h p nd r l n n H Noble and Most Important Branch of Knowledge t b pl d th H L rd, D t , nd P tr n nd n t t t p nd d, th x ll n f p rt l r br n h f n l d d p nd n p rtn r l n d H n n th n . nt p n th x ll n f th t p rt l r n n th n t lf b ll h h n rp r t d th t t r n th t Sa a s f p f th r n n h n th v d n nd pr f f r t x t n , r t : th nt n n d n h f r n n t nd th tr nd b n f t t r t rn . Th r th Sa a j L ., L L b h h nt n a au i a Ai a i a a i nd th Sa a wi , ■ yi yi 7 h h nt n a aw i th t d bt, th t x lt d, t n f nt nd r t t a I mi a K a a n n nt t ll h, h , n n h th r ht t b r h pp d b t H , L rd f th rld , th lf ff nt nd t n r f th , th Sa a a.. w nt l n xpl n t n f h t ll h p J. H v n nd rth Th n th R l t l b n th n d f ttr b t f p rf t n nd n xpl n t n f H l v t n r b d th ll p rf t n l v t d b v v r d f t, d f n nd v r nd b v n p rf t n nd l t d , h l t th Sa a l , nd b v n l t d t H p rf t n. yiK ■ 4, i nt l th bl t n f r h pp n H l n , th t n p rtn r, nd th r n n nt f r h pp n n th n Th r n d bt th r f r , th t n l d f ll h, H N , t b d H . tr b t nd t n th t x lt d nd t x ll nt br n h f n l d . Th p r n f th br n h f n l d t ll th N th r f th t t r pl t th t th th r. F r th th r br n h l th p r n f ll h t ll th r nt t ." r n, th Pr ph t ( d t r t th t r h n th su a pr r f a , Mag i nd Wi , h h n r t nd f t t n d: " n l d r l th n t t n nd n l d r t , th t th b nn n f th d t rt th au i n l d r d f r t: t n th bj t v . r v r, t f nd th nd f th d l th a i . n f t th t th bj t v p r t r x ll n th n th n . h t th t pr f r th n v r t l " n r , th r rd t th aw ic th t d nd d fr th rv nt, h lf f t r pr nt d n au i a Asma wa i a . t r pl d: "B th n l d nd t n h v t p rt : p rt th t th n nd p rt th t th bj t v . ATTauthid Atnalt . . n ntr t n n t n nd aTIradt . . n l d n t l th n nd n t l nd r tl th t th h rt nd l b r h p, tr v , nt nd nd d r nl ll h n th r t n . ht ft r.
Th f r t ayah fr r h l f r n ( 0 . l n f ll h t b t f l N , th v d nt, h pr n nd r l t n 7 Th f r t dyah fr r h l hl ( 2 . n t n bl rt nt b f th lt t d f pr f nd n H h h n 8 h h l lb n , ll h h v r p n h , nt n th f t f r ll thr nd pl d th n H r t n. nd d, th v d n p nt n t H tawnid, H pr r nd pr v d th taklmij f r t. R f r t The Prophets Prayer Described from the L rd h p nd v r nt r r v d nt th n th dd n. H l th n beginning to the end as though you see it, pp. , 4 & 8. t h h l rl h n t H r t n th p th t lv t n nd . t
ama alluyush Ghazwi al-MM atalah allahmiyyah, pp. 6. "Miftab Dar al-Sa' adah, 86.
20 2 n l d f ll h, H N nd ttr b t th t x pt n n f t, ( r n n l d fr n t th b t t f r th t x ll nt f ll t p f n l d nd t ht ft r n h p. 14 t lf, ll h ( a a : 3. ratable' al-Asma wa l-,Sifat is the Origin of all Religious Knowledge/5 r t JlJ r J t n l d f th N , ttr b t nd t n f ll h th z • % y , 4c t x lt d, n bl t nd r t t f n l d , t l th o igi f " t ll h h h r t d v n H v n nd f th rth th l ll n l d . ll th r br n h f n l d r t b d r th r f ( . . v n . H nd d nd b t n th , th t nd r d p nd nt p n t f r th r v r n v r f t n. n l d n th t Allah h p r v r ll th n nd th t Allah f H th r f r , th r n nd b f v r th r t p f n l pl t l pr h nd ll th n th H n l d ." 2 d . , h v r n ll h ll b bl t n th r th n ll h Allah (su a a u nf r th t H r t d th H v n nd rth nd nd h v r n r nt f H L rd, th n h n f t p r t r br n d n nd b t n th th t H l v n n r n f v r th n l b d ll h. ll h : th t H ll r f v r th n nd th t H v r ll th n n p t nt. h v n n l d f th th d r d bj t v . asi I )),..3 Allah ( a i ia l : 0 cci
2( 4 N :466 " nd b n t l th h f r t ll h nd H d th t f r ,16 " n th t n n h th r ht t b r h pp d x pt ll h..." t th r n lv . Th r th tr n r r . Th n l d th r f r , f H n n nd th t n n h th r ht nt pl t th aya ll f nd th n t ht nd ll tr t b r h pp d x pt H , ht f r n t lf v n th h, th n n : " h v r f r t H L rd, H ll h t f r t p r n nn t ff th th b t lf. R th r, h t dd t th , h v r n lf nd l". H ll n t n h n r l t r h t r h p f Allah l n , th t n p rtn r. th r t d t n t n t t t h lf r . n f t, h ll f r t h t n t t t h n tt r h h r ht ft r n th lv . pr p r t nd n th l f nd th n xt. Th b h h d p rt d fr th r n l d p t n h r t d p n. H f r t Th f r t tt r: t n th L rd b H N , ttr b t , t n H L rd, Allah d h t f r t h n lf, t l t nd nd L . h t l d t t f lf l nt, p r f t n nd h pp n n th l f nd Th nd tt r: t r h p H n rd n nd n th b f th n xt. ll h : th n l d . j t r h p f H d nd d nd d r tl nt nd d n t lf 14 Mi ia Day al-Sd adah 8. th n l , n l d f H l d nd d nd d r tl n n t rn, r l n l d f r th b f ll th r t p f n l d b d t nd d n t lf t. H n , b l t l ll t p f n l d r t rn b t ll h N nd t tr b t , h n n th d n. hl r h l T l (6 : 2. 16 r h l H hr ( : . Sitrah h d (4 : .
22 2 n l d f ll h, H N nd ttr b t th t x pt n n f t, ( r n n l d fr n t th b t t f r th t x ll nt f ll t p f n l d nd t ht ft r n h p. 14 t lf, ll h ( a a : 3. ratable' al-Asma wa l-,Sifat is the Origin of all Religious Knowledge/5 r t JlJ r J t n l d f th N , ttr b t nd t n f ll h th z • % y , 4c t x lt d, n bl t nd r t t f n l d , t l th o igi f " t ll h h h r t d v n H v n nd f th rth th l ll n l d . ll th r br n h f n l d r t b d r th r f ( . . v n . H nd d nd b t n th , th t nd r d p nd nt p n t f r th r v r n v r f t n. n l d n th t Allah h p r v r ll th n nd th t Allah f H th r f r , th r n nd b f v r th r t p f n l pl t l pr h nd ll th n th H n l d ." 2 d . , h v r n ll h ll b bl t n th r th n ll h Allah (su a a u nf r th t H r t d th H v n nd rth nd nd h v r n r nt f H L rd, th n h n f t p r t r br n d n nd b t n th th t H l v n n r n f v r th n l b d ll h. ll h : th t H ll r f v r th n nd th t H v r ll th n n p t nt. h v n n l d f th th d r d bj t v . asi I )),..3 Allah ( a i ia l : 0 cci
2( 4 N :466 " nd b n t l th h f r t ll h nd H d th t f r ,16 " n th t n n h th r ht t b r h pp d x pt ll h..." t th r n lv . Th r th tr n r r . Th n l d th r f r , f H n n nd th t n n h th r ht nt pl t th aya ll f nd th n t ht nd ll tr t b r h pp d x pt H , ht f r n t lf v n th h, th n n : " h v r f r t H L rd, H ll h t f r t p r n nn t ff th th b t lf. R th r, h t dd t th , h v r n lf nd l". H ll n t n h n r l t r h t r h p f Allah l n , th t n p rtn r. th r t d t n t n t t t h lf r . n f t, h ll f r t h t n t t t h n tt r h h r ht ft r n th lv . pr p r t nd n th l f nd th n xt. Th b h h d p rt d fr th r n l d p t n h r t d p n. H f r t Th f r t tt r: t n th L rd b H N , ttr b t , t n H L rd, Allah d h t f r t h n lf, t l t nd nd L . h t l d t t f lf l nt, p r f t n nd h pp n n th l f nd Th nd tt r: t r h p H n rd n nd n th b f th n xt. ll h : th n l d . j t r h p f H d nd d nd d r tl nt nd d n t lf 14 Mi ia Day al-Sd adah 8. th n l , n l d f H l d nd d nd d r tl n n t rn, r l n l d f r th b f ll th r t p f n l d b d t nd d n t lf t. H n , b l t l ll t p f n l d r t rn b t ll h N nd t tr b t , h n n th d n. hl r h l T l (6 : 2. 16 r h l H hr ( : . Sitrah h d (4 : .
22 2 , , 42. " t th th , th b n d b th b l f b d n n l d nd t n 42. . ft.:—L ,•j .,4 .: • ■.6 .4 b d n l v . "... nd d n t b th n h h rt h v d h dl f r r br n , h f ll h n d r nd h ff r ( . . F rth r r , th r b l f t n nd l v r b d p n n l d d h b n l t." d , th r fr f th h r f l l nt f nd n t th H d d n t v n tt nt n t r b r n H L rd nd h d v nt Mutakalliman ( h l t nd f . ff r nd h rt nt nt d rr . r lt, n r rd n p d th r p t t th h l t , th j r t f th r t d nd t t t th lf r , r th r p r f t n f h lf nd h rt. n t d, h nt ntr n f ff r t n, n t n, x t n , n n x t h nd r d h h rt nd d t d nf ll. H x d d ll b nd , n nd n p rt n n t b l f Th r r f d n th r nf d nd n bl t f nd th r ht . f r , n ntr t d n b l f n l d nd nf r t n. Th , n l d f ll h th r n f ll n l d nd t th h r th f , th r n n rn ntr d n l v , h t , nt n b f th rv nt n l d t rd h h pp n , p rf t n nd t n , d l nd ph l t n . Th r r f d n th r f r , b tt r nt n th l f nd th n xt. n r n f ll h n t t n ntr t d n l v , b n, t n nd nt nt n . n r n f n lf nd f h t n t t t t b tt r nt, p rf t n, p r f t n nd . B th f th t d v nt r p h v th n th t rr pt d l nt : , n l d f H pr p h pp n f r th rv nt nd n r n f H l t th h rt f h r . The first: Th pr n f p h th t n t b d n n l d th r p t t 4. Knowledge of Allah's Names and Attributes is a Great and th h l t nd th pr n f t n th t n t b d n n l Important Tenet within the Methodology of the Salaf d th r p t t th f . n l d f ll h N nd ttr b t th f nd t n p n Th d r t r f r n t th nn v t d p h nd t n th t h h th rv nt t n r b lt. n th tr n th f th f nd rr d fr th , h h l n ntr d t n t th B nd nn h. t n th r l t n h p th t b nd th rv nt t h L rd d t r n d The second: nd n v f th f nd t n th l r h p h L rd nd Th n l t f d d b th h l t nd th n l t f p h b th t tt n n rn t H . f . F r th r n, th b f r th n l d nd t n f th Salaf :
. n l d f ll h Th th r l n , n n r l. n b rv th t th r t l nd p l t v d n d n t th n rn f Ahl al-Kalan2, f ld nd n , b t t n n t 2. t n d r t d l l t ll h th r f , p ll t f r h p h pr r, r br n , r t t n, t . Th t h h b rv d fr th Safiyyah n th th r h nd, n ntr t n n th t n f th h rt nd l b , b t th n l n f d t r n n pr l th n l r h l hf ( 8 :28. d b d nd th v l d t f th r t n . Th r l n b d n h t is Milian Dar al-Sa adah 86. f nd t b d n nt n t th . t
24 2 , , 42. " t th th , th b n d b th b l f b d n n l d nd t n 42. . ft.:—L ,•j .,4 .: • ■.6 .4 b d n l v . "... nd d n t b th n h h rt h v d h dl f r r br n , h f ll h n d r nd h ff r ( . . F rth r r , th r b l f t n nd l v r b d p n n l d d h b n l t." d , th r fr f th h r f l l nt f nd n t th H d d n t v n tt nt n t r b r n H L rd nd h d v nt Mutakalliman ( h l t nd f . ff r nd h rt nt nt d rr . r lt, n r rd n p d th r p t t th h l t , th j r t f th r t d nd t t t th lf r , r th r p r f t n f h lf nd h rt. n t d, h nt ntr n f ff r t n, n t n, x t n , n n x t h nd r d h h rt nd d t d nf ll. H x d d ll b nd , n nd n p rt n n t b l f Th r r f d n th r nf d nd n bl t f nd th r ht . f r , n ntr t d n b l f n l d nd nf r t n. Th , n l d f ll h th r n f ll n l d nd t th h r th f , th r n n rn ntr d n l v , h t , nt n b f th rv nt n l d t rd h h pp n , p rf t n nd t n , d l nd ph l t n . Th r r f d n th r f r , b tt r nt n th l f nd th n xt. n r n f ll h n t t n ntr t d n l v , b n, t n nd nt nt n . n r n f n lf nd f h t n t t t t b tt r nt, p rf t n, p r f t n nd . B th f th t d v nt r p h v th n th t rr pt d l nt : , n l d f H pr p h pp n f r th rv nt nd n r n f H l t th h rt f h r . The first: Th pr n f p h th t n t b d n n l d th r p t t 4. Knowledge of Allah's Names and Attributes is a Great and th h l t nd th pr n f t n th t n t b d n n l Important Tenet within the Methodology of the Salaf d th r p t t th f . n l d f ll h N nd ttr b t th f nd t n p n Th d r t r f r n t th nn v t d p h nd t n th t h h th rv nt t n r b lt. n th tr n th f th f nd rr d fr th , h h l n ntr d t n t th B nd nn h. t n th r l t n h p th t b nd th rv nt t h L rd d t r n d The second: nd n v f th f nd t n th l r h p h L rd nd Th n l t f d d b th h l t nd th n l t f p h b th t tt n n rn t H . f . F r th r n, th b f r th n l d nd t n f th Salaf :
. n l d f ll h Th th r l n , n n r l. n b rv th t th r t l nd p l t v d n d n t th n rn f Ahl al-Kalan2, f ld nd n , b t t n n t 2. t n d r t d l l t ll h th r f , p ll t f r h p h pr r, r br n , r t t n, t . Th t h h b rv d fr th Safiyyah n th th r h nd, n ntr t n n th t n f th h rt nd l b , b t th n l n f d t r n n pr l th n l r h l hf ( 8 :28. d b d nd th v l d t f th r t n . Th r l n b d n h t is Milian Dar al-Sa adah 86. f nd t b d n nt n t th . t
24 2 f r th Salaf nd th r f ll r , th f lf ll d b th tt r : h d ( h n h d: "Know that none of you will see his Th p h n rn n r d th t b d p n th n l d f Lord until he dies". 2 ll h N , ttr b t nd t n th t r r rd d n th B F rth r r , t p bl f r th h n nt ll t t nd p nd ntl nd nn h nd th nt nt n b d t n th t n t fr b d tt n nd pr h nd th n l d n d t l d nn r 22 . t n t nd nd r fr n n fr pr h b t n n rd n th n p bl f h v n th b ll h fr th n n b t ll h l l t n n H B nd p n th t n f H n h h th r n f r n n n l d x pt b f r . r v l t n. ll h ( r azza wa jalla) : rd n l , th r xt rn l nd nt rn l p h nd t n r b d n t. .
p n n l d nd h f th r n l d nd t n r l n d "... h v n t b n v n f n l d x pt l ttl ." t t th th r th nd d r th tr l . 20 Th ayah l rl h th l t t n f n n l d . , th Salaf nd th r f ll r d Tawhid al-Asma wal-,51fat n f th t p ll r n h h th b lt th r th d l . Th r f th ht nd n t t d th t H nd n r h ld nf r th p pl b t H lf nd ll th t Th d r tl d t th p rt n nd t t th t r ofTatithid H . H d th n l d f H lf b f H N , t h ld , h h tt t d t b n r t xt f th Shari ah. tr b t nd t n th t th r dd wah nd th n f th r . 5. Knowledge of the Names and Attributes of Allah Opens the Door for the Servant to Knowing Allah Th b f th da` wok f th n r nd th f r t t n t n t n d th n t n l d f ll h (subbanahu) b H N , Th t n f p n l v f r th n pr r l d p nd nt ttr b t nd t n . T r t t n t th n f ll n fr th : p n f r tl b n nt d th th t th n . Th t n l d T nt th p pl th th th t l d t ll h ( . . H bl f ll h n t r t n ll th r f r h v th tr n t l v . Share ah h h b d H nd nd pr h b t n f r H . v r n h n ll h, l v H , b t th r n r t t r n th n l d x pt thr h th d r f n l 2. T nf r th p pl f h t t th n th H r ft r. d f ll h N nd ttr b t . Th t t n t f ll n fr th f r t nd r b d p n t. Th rv nt th r f r , ll nl b bl t tt n n l d f ll h b nt n h lf th th N nd ttr b t f ll h r 21 R l t d b l n h a , a , th b f i a , h pt r: Th nt n f bn rd d n th r n nd nn h. n ntl , n l d f ll h d, 8 .
N nd ttr b t ll p n th ht d r f r th rv nt, 22 pp d t v r n r l nn r. B l n r nd nd nt pl t n v r ll h (` azza wa Jolla) d d n t d n t th t n n H th n v r , n n n l d rt n ttr b t f th r t r, h n l d , thr h n H d r tl . Th d r bl d nt l th D b l t , r , t . H v r, th t r v l t n, h n n n f r n t n , th t r L rd d nd t th l t h v n t th l t th rd f th n ht n b t h f J d nt j t h v b n nf r d b r Pr ph t b h n H , n H f r v n nd n f H , th t H r nt th h t th R 20 Majmr; a a awa, 4 , l htl br d d. r h l d ( :8 .
26 2 f r th Salaf nd th r f ll r , th f lf ll d b th tt r : h d ( h n h d: "Know that none of you will see his Th p h n rn n r d th t b d p n th n l d f Lord until he dies". 2 ll h N , ttr b t nd t n th t r r rd d n th B F rth r r , t p bl f r th h n nt ll t t nd p nd ntl nd nn h nd th nt nt n b d t n th t n t fr b d tt n nd pr h nd th n l d n d t l d nn r 22 . t n t nd nd r fr n n fr pr h b t n n rd n th n p bl f h v n th b ll h fr th n n b t ll h l l t n n H B nd p n th t n f H n h h th r n f r n n n l d x pt b f r . r v l t n. ll h ( r azza wa jalla) : rd n l , th r xt rn l nd nt rn l p h nd t n r b d n t. .
p n n l d nd h f th r n l d nd t n r l n d "... h v n t b n v n f n l d x pt l ttl ." t t th th r th nd d r th tr l . 20 Th ayah l rl h th l t t n f n n l d . , th Salaf nd th r f ll r d Tawhid al-Asma wal-,51fat n f th t p ll r n h h th b lt th r th d l . Th r f th ht nd n t t d th t H nd n r h ld nf r th p pl b t H lf nd ll th t Th d r tl d t th p rt n nd t t th t r ofTatithid H . H d th n l d f H lf b f H N , t h ld , h h tt t d t b n r t xt f th Shari ah. tr b t nd t n th t th r dd wah nd th n f th r . 5. Knowledge of the Names and Attributes of Allah Opens the Door for the Servant to Knowing Allah Th b f th da` wok f th n r nd th f r t t n t n t n d th n t n l d f ll h (subbanahu) b H N , Th t n f p n l v f r th n pr r l d p nd nt ttr b t nd t n . T r t t n t th n f ll n fr th : p n f r tl b n nt d th th t th n . Th t n l d T nt th p pl th th th t l d t ll h ( . . H bl f ll h n t r t n ll th r f r h v th tr n t l v . Share ah h h b d H nd nd pr h b t n f r H . v r n h n ll h, l v H , b t th r n r t t r n th n l d x pt thr h th d r f n l 2. T nf r th p pl f h t t th n th H r ft r. d f ll h N nd ttr b t . Th t t n t f ll n fr th f r t nd r b d p n t. Th rv nt th r f r , ll nl b bl t tt n n l d f ll h b nt n h lf th th N nd ttr b t f ll h r 21 R l t d b l n h a , a , th b f i a , h pt r: Th nt n f bn rd d n th r n nd nn h. n ntl , n l d f ll h d, 8 .
N nd ttr b t ll p n th ht d r f r th rv nt, 22 pp d t v r n r l nn r. B l n r nd nd nt pl t n v r ll h (` azza wa Jolla) d d n t d n t th t n n H th n v r , n n n l d rt n ttr b t f th r t r, h n l d , thr h n H d r tl . Th d r bl d nt l th D b l t , r , t . H v r, th t r v l t n, h n n n f r n t n , th t r L rd d nd t th l t h v n t th l t th rd f th n ht n b t h f J d nt j t h v b n nf r d b r Pr ph t b h n H , n H f r v n nd n f H , th t H r nt th h t th R 20 Majmr; a a awa, 4 , l htl br d d. r h l d ( :8 .
26 2 , th t n l d bl f ll h ll b th n h f ll b t Th f r t l v l: n r l n l d th h h l d t H nd h ll l b th t n l d Th n l d n r r r nt f r th b l v n rv nt t bl n rn n th nd t n f th p pl h n th r t rn t H . p th b imam Th d r t h h th n l d n f t 6. The Basis of Sound Knowledge is Iman in Allah and in r l t d t th l v l t h h th rv nt bl t d t n h h L rd fr ll f l bj t f r h p. B th n l d , /man n t His Names and Attributes l nt r t x t , th rv nt p fr th d n r f kufr 24, rr t iman, p r Tauthid nd ll th d t t nt n d th n th nd shirk th t ld th r xp l h fr th b nd r ofiman ( f l t nd p n th f nd t n f nd nd rr t nd h fr th r l f r n n n r nt f h L rd n l d f ll h, H N nd ttr b t . nd t h t H r ht r . Th t r f Tawbid th b f d n nd iman nd t th Th n l d n b r d l bt n d b r d n Surah f nd t n p n h h th r l n t nd . ayah al-Kursi nd th r ayeit, nd b nd r t nd n th r n n . Th h t n t n v bl f r rr t iman t b h ld b n h Th l v l f n l d h v r, d n t n r t tr n th f /man d n t n h L rd. Th n l d t f r th b f n r d t f r l t bl h t. iman t ttl n th h rt. Th nd l v l: D t l d n l d t of xtr p rt n t th b l v r b f h d r n d f r Th t l ht b n n th d t l d v d n f nd th n t, f r th b n f t f th ll b n f h h rt, th dn f h th bj t r , l rn n th , b l v n th t ll h d p t d th b l f nd th pr htn f h t n . h, nd r t nd n th r n n nd t n n l ht f th r n Th n l d f ll h N , ttr b t nd t n r nt th tr t n nd r l n . rv nt th b l t t d ff r nt t b t n i a nd ku , au i nd Th th l v l f n l d th t iman t n r nd t shirI6 nd b t n ff r t n nd n t n. r nd t lf l dl . t n bl h t l v t h L rd v r nd b v v r th n th t d Th r th rv nt n f ll h, th r h iman n r , n t b f t H nd t d p t H n th l r nd j t nn r nd th r t r ll b h f r, l v nd tt h nt t h L rd. ll d rv n f H . ll h (ta' ala) : Th h v d b nt pl t n v r th rd f ll h (ta' ala), r. nd v r h t H (subhanahu) h d n n f H N , t tr b t nd t n t H rv nt p n th t n f H n " t nl th f H l v h h v n l d th t f r lläh". 2 r , nd l b nt pl t n v r th ttr b t h h d n t Th n l d l p rt t th rv nt l ht nd n ht, h h b f t H , h h H (subbanahu) h d l r d H lf fr f nd ll pr t t h fr r f d bt nd n pt n th t n ( th l v t d H lf v r. t ppr pr t h r t nt n th t n l d f ll h f t 2 Th t p f r nd shirk r f rr d t h r f th j r t p l v l : r h F t r ( :28.
28 2 , th t n l d bl f ll h ll b th n h f ll b t Th f r t l v l: n r l n l d th h h l d t H nd h ll l b th t n l d Th n l d n r r r nt f r th b l v n rv nt t bl n rn n th nd t n f th p pl h n th r t rn t H . p th b imam Th d r t h h th n l d n f t 6. The Basis of Sound Knowledge is Iman in Allah and in r l t d t th l v l t h h th rv nt bl t d t n h h L rd fr ll f l bj t f r h p. B th n l d , /man n t His Names and Attributes l nt r t x t , th rv nt p fr th d n r f kufr 24, rr t iman, p r Tauthid nd ll th d t t nt n d th n th nd shirk th t ld th r xp l h fr th b nd r ofiman ( f l t nd p n th f nd t n f nd nd rr t nd h fr th r l f r n n n r nt f h L rd n l d f ll h, H N nd ttr b t . nd t h t H r ht r . Th t r f Tawbid th b f d n nd iman nd t th Th n l d n b r d l bt n d b r d n Surah f nd t n p n h h th r l n t nd . ayah al-Kursi nd th r ayeit, nd b nd r t nd n th r n n . Th h t n t n v bl f r rr t iman t b h ld b n h Th l v l f n l d h v r, d n t n r t tr n th f /man d n t n h L rd. Th n l d t f r th b f n r d t f r l t bl h t. iman t ttl n th h rt. Th nd l v l: D t l d n l d t of xtr p rt n t th b l v r b f h d r n d f r Th t l ht b n n th d t l d v d n f nd th n t, f r th b n f t f th ll b n f h h rt, th dn f h th bj t r , l rn n th , b l v n th t ll h d p t d th b l f nd th pr htn f h t n . h, nd r t nd n th r n n nd t n n l ht f th r n Th n l d f ll h N , ttr b t nd t n r nt th tr t n nd r l n . rv nt th b l t t d ff r nt t b t n i a nd ku , au i nd Th th l v l f n l d th t iman t n r nd t shirI6 nd b t n ff r t n nd n t n. r nd t lf l dl . t n bl h t l v t h L rd v r nd b v v r th n th t d Th r th rv nt n f ll h, th r h iman n r , n t b f t H nd t d p t H n th l r nd j t nn r nd th r t r ll b h f r, l v nd tt h nt t h L rd. ll d rv n f H . ll h (ta' ala) : Th h v d b nt pl t n v r th rd f ll h (ta' ala), r. nd v r h t H (subhanahu) h d n n f H N , t tr b t nd t n t H rv nt p n th t n f H n " t nl th f H l v h h v n l d th t f r lläh". 2 r , nd l b nt pl t n v r th ttr b t h h d n t Th n l d l p rt t th rv nt l ht nd n ht, h h b f t H , h h H (subbanahu) h d l r d H lf fr f nd ll pr t t h fr r f d bt nd n pt n th t n ( th l v t d H lf v r. t ppr pr t h r t nt n th t n l d f ll h f t 2 Th t p f r nd shirk r f rr d t h r f th j r t p l v l : r h F t r ( :28.
28 2 r h t tr nd h h pr t t h fr nl f l d n h d n t h v ma in ll h nn t bt n n l d 2 nd r nd l t . d n , nd th t b n d d t h L rd, h ll l b n r l t , t t p f n l d r nt b th phr n l r bl nd t r nt d, th th th nb l v r 28 . d f ll h . ll h ( a a aka r t d n nd bl d h th b th b d nd Th f r t: n l d f ll h H lf . . f th j t nd H n l.
r bl l t H h r t r d th nd f h t H t b H d r d th t th b d b r t d fr th rth. ll h ( a a a : t f l N nd t . f th n l d ll t bl h d n n h rt t ll t rt nl pr d f r f ll h, b h ll n f r d f n t th t ll h "...f r h v r t d ll fr rth" 2 r rd n b d n t H nd p n h n d b d n f H . ll h d th b d l f nd l v l h d d p nd nt p n th rth h t , dr n nd t h l th n fr th l nd nd h t Th nd: n l d f ll h n n l d f th r l n f f nd th n t. th S a i a , h th nd nd pr h b t n nd th l f l nd nl f l. ll h pl d th n th b d , th l. H ( a a a d: Th h f th Sa a a e nt n d: "Th h l r r thr : . n h n ll h nd n r nt f H nd. " , h n h v f h n d h ( . . d nd br th d nt h th l h v r t d f r h ..." n 2. n h n ll h nd b t n r nt f ll h. ll h ll d th t th t n n nd l v l h d f r th l b n l . n h n b th ll h nd H nd. d f H lf nd r h p f H . Th n h n ll h th n h f r ll h, nd th n h Th r th r f r n th n r pl nt t th rv nt, n r n th n n H nd th n h n th l f l nd nl t r, r h l nd bl f l t h h rt nd l f , th n l v f l" .26
2 . . n l d , h h b d p n rr t pr n pl p rt n n t ima , h r b 7. Knowledge of Allah's Names and Attributes is Life to the th n r pr rth fr t n th rld nd th H r ft r. t bv th t f th Hearts d b l v r x rt ff rt , h ll bt n n l d , b t h f t f l nd l ttl f t tr , b n l t d n b n f t nd r t n h r ... t Th h rt v d f n l f , f rt, h pp n , r t nd tr n ll t th t n n t L rd, D t nd r t r, nd th t Th r l t f th t t f th d b l v r d b th r l n t n t th r l n f ll h th n v r v d nt. J t l n t th ff t f th p r t l v ll h b n r b l v d t t th n n th n l . th xp r n , Allah pr t t fr th t, r v l f r l ttl f th r l t th r t n b r f d , n r bl nt l lln , b r n nt t r l , th n xh t bl nt f l h bl nd l nt bl f h n , th r l t n nd l l t n f r x l d v t n, t . t
" r h l H jj (22 : . 26 Ma is" a a e a , l htl br d d. r h l H jr ( :2 .
0 r h t tr nd h h pr t t h fr nl f l d n h d n t h v ma in ll h nn t bt n n l d 2 nd r nd l t . d n , nd th t b n d d t h L rd, h ll l b n r l t , t t p f n l d r nt b th phr n l r bl nd t r nt d, th th th nb l v r 28 . d f ll h . ll h ( a a aka r t d n nd bl d h th b th b d nd Th f r t: n l d f ll h H lf . . f th j t nd H n l.
r bl l t H h r t r d th nd f h t H t b H d r d th t th b d b r t d fr th rth. ll h ( a a a : t f l N nd t . f th n l d ll t bl h d n n h rt t ll t rt nl pr d f r f ll h, b h ll n f r d f n t th t ll h "...f r h v r t d ll fr rth" 2 r rd n b d n t H nd p n h n d b d n f H . ll h d th b d l f nd l v l h d d p nd nt p n th rth h t , dr n nd t h l th n fr th l nd nd h t Th nd: n l d f ll h n n l d f th r l n f f nd th n t. th S a i a , h th nd nd pr h b t n nd th l f l nd nl f l. ll h pl d th n th b d , th l. H ( a a a d: Th h f th Sa a a e nt n d: "Th h l r r thr : . n h n ll h nd n r nt f H nd. " , h n h v f h n d h ( . . d nd br th d nt h th l h v r t d f r h ..." n 2. n h n ll h nd b t n r nt f ll h. ll h ll d th t th t n n nd l v l h d f r th l b n l . n h n b th ll h nd H nd. d f H lf nd r h p f H . Th n h n ll h th n h f r ll h, nd th n h Th r th r f r n th n r pl nt t th rv nt, n r n th n n H nd th n h n th l f l nd nl t r, r h l nd bl f l t h h rt nd l f , th n l v f l" .26
2 . . n l d , h h b d p n rr t pr n pl p rt n n t ima , h r b 7. Knowledge of Allah's Names and Attributes is Life to the th n r pr rth fr t n th rld nd th H r ft r. t bv th t f th Hearts d b l v r x rt ff rt , h ll bt n n l d , b t h f t f l nd l ttl f t tr , b n l t d n b n f t nd r t n h r ... t Th h rt v d f n l f , f rt, h pp n , r t nd tr n ll t th t n n t L rd, D t nd r t r, nd th t Th r l t f th t t f th d b l v r d b th r l n t n t th r l n f ll h th n v r v d nt. J t l n t th ff t f th p r t l v ll h b n r b l v d t t th n n th n l . th xp r n , Allah pr t t fr th t, r v l f r l ttl f th r l t th r t n b r f d , n r bl nt l lln , b r n nt t r l , th n xh t bl nt f l h bl nd l nt bl f h n , th r l t n nd l l t n f r x l d v t n, t . t
" r h l H jj (22 : . 26 Ma is" a a e a , l htl br d d. r h l H jr ( :2 .
0 f r h r n t r nd r, b n n t t f n t nt r br n h nd v r N f ll h h p rt l r p t n th h rt f H nd l n t rn H pl r . nd h r t r f th rv nt. f th h rt pr h nd th n n f p f N , h t t b d , nd n f t, t ll r pl n ntl , h v r p n h h rt v n n nt t th n n nd th r n nd nd r t nd n ll r fl t f l f r l v f r h L rd, d r f r H , nd rn n t t n th p r n th n n nd d f b h v r. H , th n h p r t f r th bj t r , h tr n d r t n nd n r h nd r t nd n f t nd h r nd nv t t n f L , v r ttr b t h p f f r f r h p tt h d t t, t, ll b h r t t l nd t l r bj t v . h h th r lt f th r t d t t d b th p rt l r ttr b t . F r th th p rf t n, th t h h th rv nt nn t th r Th t b t f l N f ll h nd H t x lt d ttr b t tt n p rf t n. t th r n b h nd h r t n nd b f t th r f r ld r h p th r ff t . r v l t n d nd d, n r r nt, th H v n nd rth Th v r ll f r f r h p th t pp r n th h rt nd l b . t nd nd P r d nd H ll F r x t. F r th v r r n l r F r x pl , th n l d f th rv nt th t ll h (ta' ala) l n l l t d, th rr t p th t bl h d, th bl h d t r n d bl t H r nd B n f t, v nd thh ld, t r t , t n, t nd t th p v t f r t n nd rd r, p n h h th ntr . v L f nd D th, ll pr d th r h p f Tatvakkul t t Tawakkul t b ll r ht , th f n t th n h h th h rt n p , h h nn r f r ( . . n th h rt nd th r t nd fr t f th l n tt n nd h h th nd n r p. nd nd h lth n t pp r nt f r ( . . p n th l b . h rt nd r nd tr n l l d n t rn rn tl f r n Th rv nt n l d f ll h (td ala) H r n , ht nd n l th n r t r th n t n th tt r, n r r th r j f l th d , nd f th f t th t n t n l t n th h v n nd rth n th n th r th n d n n rr v n t th tr th nt n d p H , nd th t H n th r t nd h dd n, h t th tr h th n th tt r. r b h ld nd h t th br t n l, ll h pr rv h t n , l b nd th n t n f h h rt fr n th n th t 8. The Fruits of Knowing and Understanding Allah's Names d pl ll h. H ll th l b d v t d t h t ll h l v and Attributes nd pl d th. t ld d t th n h ll n n th r p t h h nd t nd ph th p rt n f th f t n t t rdl b n h t r l r f th pr h b t d nd t r f Tawbid th b n f t d r v d n th b l v r h rt fr r p l v tt r . n n th N nd ttr b t f ll h. Th n l d n n r n l d f H R hn , n r t , ndn , B n f n nd n iman, f r n n rt nt nd th l ht nd n ht t n t l ( n r ll r nt th rv nt lth f pt , nd t ll v n h rt , h h pr t t h fr r f d bt nd n p b rth t n t p f h dd n nd pp r nt rv t d , ll n pr p r t n th t n ( th r h t tr nd h h pr t t.h t n t h nd r t nd n nd n l d . fr nl f l d r nd l t . L , th n l d f th j t f ll h, H r tn nd Th , f th n l d f r l t bl h d n th h rt t ll t ht n r t f r th rv nt h l t , b n nd l v . Th d f n t l pr d f r f ll h. nn r nd t n n t rn pr d v r l pp r nt f r f rv t d .
3" Sec al-Fattua al-flonatviyyah al-Kubra, pp. 28-29.
2 f r h r n t r nd r, b n n t t f n t nt r br n h nd v r N f ll h h p rt l r p t n th h rt f H nd l n t rn H pl r . nd h r t r f th rv nt. f th h rt pr h nd th n n f p f N , h t t b d , nd n f t, t ll r pl n ntl , h v r p n h h rt v n n nt t th n n nd th r n nd nd r t nd n ll r fl t f l f r l v f r h L rd, d r f r H , nd rn n t t n th p r n th n n nd d f b h v r. H , th n h p r t f r th bj t r , h tr n d r t n nd n r h nd r t nd n f t nd h r nd nv t t n f L , v r ttr b t h p f f r f r h p tt h d t t, t, ll b h r t t l nd t l r bj t v . h h th r lt f th r t d t t d b th p rt l r ttr b t . F r th th p rf t n, th t h h th rv nt nn t th r Th t b t f l N f ll h nd H t x lt d ttr b t tt n p rf t n. t th r n b h nd h r t n nd b f t th r f r ld r h p th r ff t . r v l t n d nd d, n r r nt, th H v n nd rth Th v r ll f r f r h p th t pp r n th h rt nd l b . t nd nd P r d nd H ll F r x t. F r th v r r n l r F r x pl , th n l d f th rv nt th t ll h (ta' ala) l n l l t d, th rr t p th t bl h d, th bl h d t r n d bl t H r nd B n f t, v nd thh ld, t r t , t n, t nd t th p v t f r t n nd rd r, p n h h th ntr . v L f nd D th, ll pr d th r h p f Tatvakkul t t Tawakkul t b ll r ht , th f n t th n h h th h rt n p , h h nn r f r ( . . n th h rt nd th r t nd fr t f th l n tt n nd h h th nd n r p. nd nd h lth n t pp r nt f r ( . . p n th l b . h rt nd r nd tr n l l d n t rn rn tl f r n Th rv nt n l d f ll h (td ala) H r n , ht nd n l th n r t r th n t n th tt r, n r r th r j f l th d , nd f th f t th t n t n l t n th h v n nd rth n th n th r th n d n n rr v n t th tr th nt n d p H , nd th t H n th r t nd h dd n, h t th tr h th n th tt r. r b h ld nd h t th br t n l, ll h pr rv h t n , l b nd th n t n f h h rt fr n th n th t 8. The Fruits of Knowing and Understanding Allah's Names d pl ll h. H ll th l b d v t d t h t ll h l v and Attributes nd pl d th. t ld d t th n h ll n n th r p t h h nd t nd ph th p rt n f th f t n t t rdl b n h t r l r f th pr h b t d nd t r f Tawbid th b n f t d r v d n th b l v r h rt fr r p l v tt r . n n th N nd ttr b t f ll h. Th n l d n n r n l d f H R hn , n r t , ndn , B n f n nd n iman, f r n n rt nt nd th l ht nd n ht t n t l ( n r ll r nt th rv nt lth f pt , nd t ll v n h rt , h h pr t t h fr r f d bt nd n p b rth t n t p f h dd n nd pp r nt rv t d , ll n pr p r t n th t n ( th r h t tr nd h h pr t t.h t n t h nd r t nd n nd n l d . fr nl f l d r nd l t . L , th n l d f th j t f ll h, H r tn nd Th , f th n l d f r l t bl h d n th h rt t ll t ht n r t f r th rv nt h l t , b n nd l v . Th d f n t l pr d f r f ll h. nn r nd t n n t rn pr d v r l pp r nt f r f rv t d .
3" Sec al-Fattua al-flonatviyyah al-Kubra, pp. 28-29.
2 l rl , n l d f H P rf t n, B t nd x lt d ttr b t ll n p n H (du' a) n rp r t : nv n H , pr n H ll r nt h p f l v th t b r pr nt d b n f r nd r h pp n H . ll h (subbanahu) ll H rv nt t n f rv t d . H b H N nd ttr b t , t pr H th th nd t t th r h r f rv t d fr th . 34 ll f r f rv t d t H r r l t d b t th d t t f th N nd ttr b t nd r l n d t t. 32 9. The Importance of Steering Clear of Falsehood and not n l ht f th b v , t h b pp r nt th t th rv nt n l Opposing the Way of Truth in this Domain d f th N nd ttr b t f ll h n th rr t nn r, h h Th r l f th N nd ttr b t r rd d t b n f th ll h ( azza wa jalla) h nf r d b t n H B nd n th t d n r r b f th f t th t t h b n th bj t f nn h f H n r, ll rt nl th rv nt t bl h v r nd pl x d ff r n 33 . Th r br t b t n th Salaf rv t d t ll h n th t p rf t nn r. t n nd nd th ph l ph r , Ahl al-Kalani ( h l t 36 nd H n , th r pl t th rv nt (man n th ttr b t , th Mushabbihah t th th r. tr n r ll b h l v , n r t nd r h p. dd t n ll , th p r n h h th r t t rv t d th n h r h p ll h th Ma a i a Sa iki , 420. ll th N nd ttr b t H h d n n t n nd, Th r r n b r f p rt nt p nt th t h v t h nd r t d h r , f v r N f H h t d t t, p f f r f r h p n th r : th b f 'knowledge and understanding' nd n th b f 'state'. ( Th b pr n pl , th pl t , n nd l r t f th h l r l n, h h n l d th t p f ll h N nd ttr b t . `Knowledge and understanding', . . h v r n th t ll h n d (b Th pl x t f nd th n rt n tt r th t p rt n t th N nd th th p rt l r N nd nd r t nd h t ttr b t t nt l , ttr b t d n t n t fr th t xt b t n t d fr th ph l ph r nd th n b l v n t, th n t lf r h p. A a Ka am r lt f th nn v t n nd n nt ll bl t r n l th ntr d d. Th p ll d A a Su a t r f t th r f l h d... `State', . . v r N b l n n t ll h h p f n n nd Th r l n d bt th t th f nd nt l f th bj t r , h h r r ht p rt l r ff t n th h rt nd h r t r. f th h rt th r f r , ( pr d r r n r nt n, r b lt p n n l v v d n , b th pr h nd th n n f p f N , h t t b d nd n t r f th v l d t nd t bl h nt f h t xt nd n t r f th n n f t, t ll r pl t th n n nd th r n nd v l n n th nd t nd n f . t nd r t nd n ll r fl t n th p r n th n n nd d f b 39 A a Ka am ( r Mu aka ima r th p pl f nn v t n, h p n r h v r. f aqa a th f l , nn v t d nd n r d p h. Th r xtr n th r r l n p n th r d v nt nt ll t t th xp n f r v l t n. Th ph l ph r h Th th d xtr t d fr th h rt f th r n, ll h : v r, r p pl f h r h nt t th n pt f r v l t n nd pr ph th d.
Th l d f aqi a p n th th d l f th r p n ph ,;662. .1-1),Le )11;Lsj Cloic l ph r . A a Ka am r h ff t d b th f l pr n pl nd l l d d n " nd t ll h b l n th t b t f l N , ll p n H b b th ph l ph r . r v r, th r r n b r f p pl h r t nl t tr b t d t l b t r n f t ph l ph r , h r t ll t d th f ld f l b f th r v d nt h r . Th r r n b r f d ff r n b t n A Mi ia o a Sa a a , 2 0. a Ka am nd th ph l ph r j t th r r n b r f l r t . F r d t l d xpl n t n n n f r x pl r f r t h h br h l B r n r , r h l Nr f ( : 80. a" a K a a i Ma a a Sa a , D r bn l J z , . . . t
4 l rl , n l d f H P rf t n, B t nd x lt d ttr b t ll n p n H (du' a) n rp r t : nv n H , pr n H ll r nt h p f l v th t b r pr nt d b n f r nd r h pp n H . ll h (subbanahu) ll H rv nt t n f rv t d . H b H N nd ttr b t , t pr H th th nd t t th r h r f rv t d fr th . 34 ll f r f rv t d t H r r l t d b t th d t t f th N nd ttr b t nd r l n d t t. 32 9. The Importance of Steering Clear of Falsehood and not n l ht f th b v , t h b pp r nt th t th rv nt n l Opposing the Way of Truth in this Domain d f th N nd ttr b t f ll h n th rr t nn r, h h Th r l f th N nd ttr b t r rd d t b n f th ll h ( azza wa jalla) h nf r d b t n H B nd n th t d n r r b f th f t th t t h b n th bj t f nn h f H n r, ll rt nl th rv nt t bl h v r nd pl x d ff r n 33 . Th r br t b t n th Salaf rv t d t ll h n th t p rf t nn r. t n nd nd th ph l ph r , Ahl al-Kalani ( h l t 36 nd H n , th r pl t th rv nt (man n th ttr b t , th Mushabbihah t th th r. tr n r ll b h l v , n r t nd r h p. dd t n ll , th p r n h h th r t t rv t d th n h r h p ll h th Ma a i a Sa iki , 420. ll th N nd ttr b t H h d n n t n nd, Th r r n b r f p rt nt p nt th t h v t h nd r t d h r , f v r N f H h t d t t, p f f r f r h p n th r : th b f 'knowledge and understanding' nd n th b f 'state'. ( Th b pr n pl , th pl t , n nd l r t f th h l r l n, h h n l d th t p f ll h N nd ttr b t . `Knowledge and understanding', . . h v r n th t ll h n d (b Th pl x t f nd th n rt n tt r th t p rt n t th N nd th th p rt l r N nd nd r t nd h t ttr b t t nt l , ttr b t d n t n t fr th t xt b t n t d fr th ph l ph r nd th n b l v n t, th n t lf r h p. A a Ka am r lt f th nn v t n nd n nt ll bl t r n l th ntr d d. Th p ll d A a Su a t r f t th r f l h d... `State', . . v r N b l n n t ll h h p f n n nd Th r l n d bt th t th f nd nt l f th bj t r , h h r r ht p rt l r ff t n th h rt nd h r t r. f th h rt th r f r , ( pr d r r n r nt n, r b lt p n n l v v d n , b th pr h nd th n n f p f N , h t t b d nd n t r f th v l d t nd t bl h nt f h t xt nd n t r f th n n f t, t ll r pl t th n n nd th r n nd v l n n th nd t nd n f . t nd r t nd n ll r fl t n th p r n th n n nd d f b 39 A a Ka am ( r Mu aka ima r th p pl f nn v t n, h p n r h v r. f aqa a th f l , nn v t d nd n r d p h. Th r xtr n th r r l n p n th r d v nt nt ll t t th xp n f r v l t n. Th ph l ph r h Th th d xtr t d fr th h rt f th r n, ll h : v r, r p pl f h r h nt t th n pt f r v l t n nd pr ph th d.
Th l d f aqi a p n th th d l f th r p n ph ,;662. .1-1),Le )11;Lsj Cloic l ph r . A a Ka am r h ff t d b th f l pr n pl nd l l d d n " nd t ll h b l n th t b t f l N , ll p n H b b th ph l ph r . r v r, th r r n b r f p pl h r t nl t tr b t d t l b t r n f t ph l ph r , h r t ll t d th f ld f l b f th r v d nt h r . Th r r n b r f d ff r n b t n A Mi ia o a Sa a a , 2 0. a Ka am nd th ph l ph r j t th r r n b r f l r t . F r d t l d xpl n t n n n f r x pl r f r t h h br h l B r n r , r h l Nr f ( : 80. a" a K a a i Ma a a Sa a , D r bn l J z , . . . t
4 H n t fr th bl t r d t f th t d nt f n l d t H t b r f th ph l ph l t nd n th t br ht h r t pr f ndl nd r t nd t d p l v l th tr th th t b d p n th th r dv t r nd h h ntr d d th t ndl d v t n nd B nd nn h. ll h (ta ala) : l . Th t nd n b rr d th n l d f th r L rd fr r h n th r h rt . n ntl , th r h rt d r n d nd b , _ . ,(S:4 4 ( ° "... nd f d ff r n n th n , th n r f r t b t ll h nd th n r nt f th r l t f iman. Th d th t t rn fr n r..."” ll h nd H r br n nd fr l v n H nd pr n H R f rr l b t ll h pl h d b r f rr n b t H B , th H l t f P rf t n nd ttr b t f j t . r lt, nd r f rr l b t th n r ( ft r h d pl h d th v r f th r l v , l n n nd nt d r t d l h r . b r f rr n b t h nn h. t n f t th t th rv nt nn t tt n n n l d r ll h (ta' ala) l : iman f r th t tt r, nt l h b l v n th N nd ttr b t f th L rd nd h n th t l v l th t r v h fr th 44 :4 b nd f b n n r nt f H . "... r r n l d bl r ll h ..." " Th , iman n th N nd ttr b t f ll h nd nd r t nd n ll h r n l d bl b t H lf nd H th n h th th f nd t n f l , th pr n pl f iman nd th fr t f h nf r d f H N nd ttr b t n H B nd p n th tr ofM.0n. th t n f H n r . r , th Pr ph t th t n l d bl p r n f h L rd h v r d n th h nd d d tr d th f nd t n f l , iman ll b n th t tr thf l n p h, nd ll h h d f h : pr n pl f nd fr t f th tr f ibsan, l t l n , f r h t b ttr b t d t th h p x pt n l n t n l d . a ( e 60 bi e Th b l v r th r f r , t x rt ll h p b l t t rd nd r "N r d h p fr h d r . t b t r v l t n h h t nd n nd n n th N nd ttr b t . F rth r r , h r v l d"" nd r t nd n t b fr f th d f at-Ta' Wand al-Tamthil t p l r p n th l t t d th f ld nd t tt n h h h v p t t tr l n f th p pl f nn v t n, h t nd n d p nd r t nd n f t n rd n t h t f nd n th B pp t n t h t th n r ( br ht. nd nn h 40 . rr t n l d th t h h t n fr th B nd nn h,
r h (4 : . nd h h h b n n rr t d fr th p n n nd th r f ll r n r ht n . Th th b n f l n l d h h f r v r " r h l B r h (2 : 40. as p t p nt t h h l v l f iman, tr n d r f rt nt r h l N j ( : 4. nd n tr n l t t f ff r . 40 Th bl t n f r th l n t r th n l d h r r d t b r f th t h v n t d lv t d pl , n th f ld nd n th r r f l n l d . Th nt nt n f th th r h r h v r, t xpr th t f r th n h nt t pr f ntl t d th f ld (th t d nt f n l d h r f r t n n rl r p r r ph th n h h t bt n h n l d p n th th d l f th B nd nn h.
6 H n t fr th bl t r d t f th t d nt f n l d t H t b r f th ph l ph l t nd n th t br ht h r t pr f ndl nd r t nd t d p l v l th tr th th t b d p n th th r dv t r nd h h ntr d d th t ndl d v t n nd B nd nn h. ll h (ta ala) : l . Th t nd n b rr d th n l d f th r L rd fr r h n th r h rt . n ntl , th r h rt d r n d nd b , _ . ,(S:4 4 ( ° "... nd f d ff r n n th n , th n r f r t b t ll h nd th n r nt f th r l t f iman. Th d th t t rn fr n r..."” ll h nd H r br n nd fr l v n H nd pr n H R f rr l b t ll h pl h d b r f rr n b t H B , th H l t f P rf t n nd ttr b t f j t . r lt, nd r f rr l b t th n r ( ft r h d pl h d th v r f th r l v , l n n nd nt d r t d l h r . b r f rr n b t h nn h. t n f t th t th rv nt nn t tt n n n l d r ll h (ta' ala) l : iman f r th t tt r, nt l h b l v n th N nd ttr b t f th L rd nd h n th t l v l th t r v h fr th 44 :4 b nd f b n n r nt f H . "... r r n l d bl r ll h ..." " Th , iman n th N nd ttr b t f ll h nd nd r t nd n ll h r n l d bl b t H lf nd H th n h th th f nd t n f l , th pr n pl f iman nd th fr t f h nf r d f H N nd ttr b t n H B nd p n th tr ofM.0n. th t n f H n r . r , th Pr ph t th t n l d bl p r n f h L rd h v r d n th h nd d d tr d th f nd t n f l , iman ll b n th t tr thf l n p h, nd ll h h d f h : pr n pl f nd fr t f th tr f ibsan, l t l n , f r h t b ttr b t d t th h p x pt n l n t n l d . a ( e 60 bi e Th b l v r th r f r , t x rt ll h p b l t t rd nd r "N r d h p fr h d r . t b t r v l t n h h t nd n nd n n th N nd ttr b t . F rth r r , h r v l d"" nd r t nd n t b fr f th d f at-Ta' Wand al-Tamthil t p l r p n th l t t d th f ld nd t tt n h h h v p t t tr l n f th p pl f nn v t n, h t nd n d p nd r t nd n f t n rd n t h t f nd n th B pp t n t h t th n r ( br ht. nd nn h 40 . rr t n l d th t h h t n fr th B nd nn h,
r h (4 : . nd h h h b n n rr t d fr th p n n nd th r f ll r n r ht n . Th th b n f l n l d h h f r v r " r h l B r h (2 : 40. as p t p nt t h h l v l f iman, tr n d r f rt nt r h l N j ( : 4. nd n tr n l t t f ff r . 40 Th bl t n f r th l n t r th n l d h r r d t b r f th t h v n t d lv t d pl , n th f ld nd n th r r f l n l d . Th nt nt n f th th r h r h v r, t xpr th t f r th n h nt t pr f ntl t d th f ld (th t d nt f n l d h r f r t n n rl r p r r ph th n h h t bt n h n l d p n th th d l f th B nd nn h.
6 H PT R
Th D f n t n f Tawbid al-Asma wa 1-Sifat nd t R l t n h p t th th r t r f Tawbid
T r f d n: .Th d f n t n f a u a Asmä wa $i a 2. t r l t n h p t th th r t r f aw i
H PT R
Th D f n t n f Tawbid al-Asma wa 1-Sifat nd t R l t n h p t th th r t r f Tawbid
T r f d n: .Th d f n t n f a u a Asmä wa $i a 2. t r l t n h p t th th r t r f aw i
Th D f n t n f Tawbid al-Asma wa 1-Sifat
D f n t n nd xpl n t n th t ff r nf r t n n p rt l r tt r pr d th r r l n , n p n j d nt n tt r d p nd nt n f r t r n th r ht p r pt n f t. H n , h v r j d tt r b f r nd r t nd n t nd p r v n t n ll d t n t nn r h nd d tt d h d t 4 Th d f n t n f Taw/0d al-Asma wa l-Sifat: To single out Allah with His most beautiful Names and most exalted Attributes mentioned in the Qur'an and Sunnah, and to have iman in their meanings and rulings. xpl n t n f th t r f nd n th d f n t n:
1. "To single out Allah" Th th n n f Tawhid
Th v rb f r th rd wabbada [2,_ ); th d r v t v f th p r t l r t r th r f r : wahhada, yuwahhidu, tawbidan .) . . t th n n r t n l t t.
t t l r n l r t ., l x ll , ntr r nd th n n f th n b n l n nd n l . Th , f n : "Tatilbid f ll h th H N ", th n n ll b : "T n l t ll h th H N ".
2. "...with His Most Beautiful Names" (i) His Names: th rd 'ism' n , l x ll , th t r th t d t n f n n thr h d nt f t n r d t n t n. t n l b d f n d : th t r th t nd t n n nd th ttr b t pr nt th n t.
4 AI t dth l n l Sh j r h l l n, age .
4 Th D f n t n f Tawbid al-Asma wa 1-Sifat
D f n t n nd xpl n t n th t ff r nf r t n n p rt l r tt r pr d th r r l n , n p n j d nt n tt r d p nd nt n f r t r n th r ht p r pt n f t. H n , h v r j d tt r b f r nd r t nd n t nd p r v n t n ll d t n t nn r h nd d tt d h d t 4 Th d f n t n f Taw/0d al-Asma wa l-Sifat: To single out Allah with His most beautiful Names and most exalted Attributes mentioned in the Qur'an and Sunnah, and to have iman in their meanings and rulings. xpl n t n f th t r f nd n th d f n t n:
1. "To single out Allah" Th th n n f Tawhid
Th v rb f r th rd wabbada [2,_ ); th d r v t v f th p r t l r t r th r f r : wahhada, yuwahhidu, tawbidan .) . . t th n n r t n l t t.
t t l r n l r t ., l x ll , ntr r nd th n n f th n b n l n nd n l . Th , f n : "Tatilbid f ll h th H N ", th n n ll b : "T n l t ll h th H N ".
2. "...with His Most Beautiful Names" (i) His Names: th rd 'ism' n , l x ll , th t r th t d t n f n n thr h d nt f t n r d t n t n. t n l b d f n d : th t r th t nd t n n nd th ttr b t pr nt th n t.
4 AI t dth l n l Sh j r h l l n, age .
4 f th N f ll h r ll h, l R h n, l R h , l • t rph l “ h ff r, l z z, l d r, l , l B r nd l B r . Husna LL b d n th p tt rn: fu` la [ s[i°,W h h th f n n f r f of al [ "[[], th n n n r r t b n n f (ii) most beautiful: al-Husna [ EI], th n dj t v f r th N 4 . f ll h nd t nt n d n th N bl r n. pr f r n ( l t v us a th r f r th f n n f r f absan I[],° [], j t • Th ayat th t nt n th t r kubra , th f n n f r f akbar LLIkt] nd sughra [ c[X ] Th dj t v f r th N f ll h nt n d n f r pl th f n n f r f asghar [}2,[1. H B : n ntl , th n h rt th t burna , ° th f n n . ll h (ta' tila) : f r f bawl 11 n l r rr r, b th f n n f r f boson Li la,i,-1 hasanah n l ht f th b v , t n rr t t th t th N f ll h r " nd t ll h b l n th mos eau i u N ..." 42 hasanah b t f l, . . Th rr t xpr n t th t th 2, ll h (ta' ala) : N f ll h r husna t b t f l, j° .. H H lf h d r b d th h. .. , .D t r . L,,. , 4 ...4 2 4.■ . . • t n n " , nv ll h r nv th t r , b h t v r N nv H th ( t th f r t H b l n th mos Husna L: xpr th xtr d r f b t . eau i u N ..." 4 • Th n r l nd r t nd n f th ayah: . ll h (ta' 'ale) : iaLl cd.Rti *. " : ccif " nd t H b l n th t b t f l N " " ll h, n n h th r ht t b r h pp d x pt H t H b l n th mos eau i u N " 44 ll h p th t b t f l nd j t f N , b f h t th nv f th b t, n bl t nd t b t f l f n n . 4. ll h (ta' ale) : • Th r l n d r v d fr th l .t.:\t4 fb4 4 T t bl t r t b l v n th dj t v h h ll h h v n t H "H ll h, th r t r, th r, th F h n r t H b l n N . Th pl h d b p n f r b l f th t th th mos eau i u 4 N ..." N f ll h r th t b t f l N nd th t th nt l p rf t nd pl t n n . Th r r th r r l n f nd th n th dj t v h h ll d n th d t l d r l t d t th t b t f l N f ll h 42 r h l •r f ( : 80. f n f t r p r t t d . 4 r h ( : 0. " r h T h (20 :8. . . t d f rd f r t n. t
44 . . th p rl t v f r f n dj t v r v rb h h xpr th h h t r v r 44 r h l H hr ( :24. h h d r f l t ( . . br v t, t f r l . t
42 4 f th N f ll h r ll h, l R h n, l R h , l • t rph l “ h ff r, l z z, l d r, l , l B r nd l B r . Husna LL b d n th p tt rn: fu` la [ s[i°,W h h th f n n f r f of al [ "[[], th n n n r r t b n n f (ii) most beautiful: al-Husna [ EI], th n dj t v f r th N 4 . f ll h nd t nt n d n th N bl r n. pr f r n ( l t v us a th r f r th f n n f r f absan I[],° [], j t • Th ayat th t nt n th t r kubra , th f n n f r f akbar LLIkt] nd sughra [ c[X ] Th dj t v f r th N f ll h nt n d n f r pl th f n n f r f asghar [}2,[1. H B : n ntl , th n h rt th t burna , ° th f n n . ll h (ta' tila) : f r f bawl 11 n l r rr r, b th f n n f r f boson Li la,i,-1 hasanah n l ht f th b v , t n rr t t th t th N f ll h r " nd t ll h b l n th mos eau i u N ..." 42 hasanah b t f l, . . Th rr t xpr n t th t th 2, ll h (ta' ala) : N f ll h r husna t b t f l, j° .. H H lf h d r b d th h. .. , .D t r . L,,. , 4 ...4 2 4.■ . . • t n n " , nv ll h r nv th t r , b h t v r N nv H th ( t th f r t H b l n th mos Husna L: xpr th xtr d r f b t . eau i u N ..." 4 • Th n r l nd r t nd n f th ayah: . ll h (ta' 'ale) : iaLl cd.Rti *. " : ccif " nd t H b l n th t b t f l N " " ll h, n n h th r ht t b r h pp d x pt H t H b l n th mos eau i u N " 44 ll h p th t b t f l nd j t f N , b f h t th nv f th b t, n bl t nd t b t f l f n n . 4. ll h (ta' ale) : • Th r l n d r v d fr th l .t.:\t4 fb4 4 T t bl t r t b l v n th dj t v h h ll h h v n t H "H ll h, th r t r, th r, th F h n r t H b l n N . Th pl h d b p n f r b l f th t th th mos eau i u 4 N ..." N f ll h r th t b t f l N nd th t th nt l p rf t nd pl t n n . Th r r th r r l n f nd th n th dj t v h h ll d n th d t l d r l t d t th t b t f l N f ll h 42 r h l •r f ( : 80. f n f t r p r t t d . 4 r h ( : 0. " r h T h (20 :8. . . t d f rd f r t n. t
44 . . th p rl t v f r f n dj t v r v rb h h xpr th h h t r v r 44 r h l H hr ( :24. h h d r f l t ( . . br v t, t f r l . t
42 4 . "...His Mon Exalted Attributes": (ii) Most Exalted/Loftiest: al: Ulu It th dj t v h b n n t n d n th N bl r n . (i) His Attributes: th word's/fah' ttr b t , L.,.0 l x ll , d n t ( ° th r dhatiyyah, ma' nawiyyah r fi' liyyah l t th t r b d t • Th ayat th t nt n th t r n n , h h d t n h t fr th r n . . ll h (ta" ala) : Th f ll n r f ll h ( azza wa jalla) ttr b t : (dhatiyyah): t H nd , F , t nd F n r . (ma' nawiyyah): n l d , p b l t , L f nd ll. (IT liyyah): "F r th h d n t b l v n th H r ft r n v l d r pt n D nd n , n n, r t n nd t n n . 48 nd f r ll h th highest d r pt n nd H th ll ht , th
" Stated b l , pr f thr h f th ttr b t nt n d b v : • T H nd • ll ll h : "H ( ll h d, 0 b b, h t pr v nt d fr pr tr t n t h h v r t d th both my Hands? ..." r h d ( 8 : ll h : "H t rt nl d h t H Willi" r h l B r n (8 : 6 • F • D nt ll h : " nd th Face f r L rd f ll f j t nd H n r ll r n." Th Pr ph t d: "Our Lord (tabaraka wa ta" ala), descends every night to the lowest r h l R b n ( : 2 heaven when the last third of the night remains and He says, 'Who is invoking Me so that I may answer him, who is asking of Me so that I may give Him, who is seekingMy • T forgiveness so that I may forgive him." [t] mutawatir hadith r l t d b l B h r Th Pr ph t d: "...However, I am about to tell you something that no Prophet n h $abib n th b : AI-Taw/lid, al-Tahajjud nd al-Da' awat; l n h has told to his people: know that Dajfal is one-eyed and Indeed Allah is not one-eyed Sahib n th B : Th Pr r f th tr v ll r nd t h rt n n „ nd th r (i.e. He has two eyes)." R rd d n .5UW al-Bukhari n n b h th r . b f J h d, nn r & Tawhid, Salfill Muslim n th t h pt r : Ima & Tr l nd Tr b l t n , nd th r r . • n n ll h : "Th t B n f nt nd d v r th Thr n ." r h T H (20 : • F n r • r t n Th Pr ph t d: "The hearts of the children of adam are all between two Fingers of the Fingers of al-Rahman, like a single heart; He turns them how He chooses..." ll h : " ll pr f r ll h, h r t d th h v n nd rth..." r h R rd d n Sahib Muslim, h pt r n Qadar nd th r r . l (6 :l • n l d • t n n ll h : "... nd th t ll h pl t l pr h nd ll th n th H Knowl- ll h : ".. .V r l , ll h t n h H ll , th t l t." r h l edge." r h l T l (6 : 2 r n ( : t
• p b l t " Th d n f th rd n f ll n t l n nd n l r f r , al-A la
ll h : "... nd d, ll h v r ll th n Omnipotent" r h l B r h I A Y1 • (2 :20 r h l N hl ( 6 :60.
44 45 . "...His Mon Exalted Attributes": (ii) Most Exalted/Loftiest: al: Ulu It th dj t v h b n n t n d n th N bl r n . (i) His Attributes: th word's/fah' ttr b t , L.,.0 l x ll , d n t ( ° th r dhatiyyah, ma' nawiyyah r fi' liyyah l t th t r b d t • Th ayat th t nt n th t r n n , h h d t n h t fr th r n . . ll h (ta" ala) : Th f ll n r f ll h ( azza wa jalla) ttr b t : (dhatiyyah): t H nd , F , t nd F n r . (ma' nawiyyah): n l d , p b l t , L f nd ll. (IT liyyah): "F r th h d n t b l v n th H r ft r n v l d r pt n D nd n , n n, r t n nd t n n . 48 nd f r ll h th highest d r pt n nd H th ll ht , th
" Stated b l , pr f thr h f th ttr b t nt n d b v : • T H nd • ll ll h : "H ( ll h d, 0 b b, h t pr v nt d fr pr tr t n t h h v r t d th both my Hands? ..." r h d ( 8 : ll h : "H t rt nl d h t H Willi" r h l B r n (8 : 6 • F • D nt ll h : " nd th Face f r L rd f ll f j t nd H n r ll r n." Th Pr ph t d: "Our Lord (tabaraka wa ta" ala), descends every night to the lowest r h l R b n ( : 2 heaven when the last third of the night remains and He says, 'Who is invoking Me so that I may answer him, who is asking of Me so that I may give Him, who is seekingMy • T forgiveness so that I may forgive him." [t] mutawatir hadith r l t d b l B h r Th Pr ph t d: "...However, I am about to tell you something that no Prophet n h $abib n th b : AI-Taw/lid, al-Tahajjud nd al-Da' awat; l n h has told to his people: know that Dajfal is one-eyed and Indeed Allah is not one-eyed Sahib n th B : Th Pr r f th tr v ll r nd t h rt n n „ nd th r (i.e. He has two eyes)." R rd d n .5UW al-Bukhari n n b h th r . b f J h d, nn r & Tawhid, Salfill Muslim n th t h pt r : Ima & Tr l nd Tr b l t n , nd th r r . • n n ll h : "Th t B n f nt nd d v r th Thr n ." r h T H (20 : • F n r • r t n Th Pr ph t d: "The hearts of the children of adam are all between two Fingers of the Fingers of al-Rahman, like a single heart; He turns them how He chooses..." ll h : " ll pr f r ll h, h r t d th h v n nd rth..." r h R rd d n Sahib Muslim, h pt r n Qadar nd th r r . l (6 :l • n l d • t n n ll h : "... nd th t ll h pl t l pr h nd ll th n th H Knowl- ll h : ".. .V r l , ll h t n h H ll , th t l t." r h l edge." r h l T l (6 : 2 r n ( : t
• p b l t " Th d n f th rd n f ll n t l n nd n l r f r , al-A la
ll h : "... nd d, ll h v r ll th n Omnipotent" r h l B r h I A Y1 • (2 :20 r h l N hl ( 6 :60.
44 45 2. Allah ( ia a says: Ibn al-Sa'di stated:
J l ■ : "t It is in reference to every Attribute of perfection and with regard to every perfection in existence, Allah is more deserving of • , , . n . , P , : it in a manner that does not necessitate imperfection in any way. 57 • j \ Aj • Th r l n d r v d fr th 4 :1 C A . c E..11. It is obligatory to believe in everything that ll h has mentioned about " nd t H h r n t r t n, th n ll r p t t ( ft r t h Himself. This is achieved by possessing a firm belief that all the At- p r h d , nd th r f r H . H th ig es d r pt n n tributes, which ll h has informed us of in His Book or upon the th h v n nd n th rth nd H th ll ht , th ll tongue of His Messenger, are Attributes of perfection. They do not ." 5 contain imperfections in any way whatsoever, for He (su a a u There are numerous dyne in the Glorious Qur'an that indicate the possesses the right to absolute perfection in every respect. perfection of Allah's Attributes. A detailed discussion on this will fea- Imam Ibn al-Qayyim says: "The highest description L is.1 com- ture later (in a separate study) within the detailed issues related to the prises the affirmation of the most exalted Attributes for Allah Attributes of ll h. (subbanahu), their presence in knowledge' and it comprises mention-
• t rph l ing, remembering and worshipping the Lord (su a a u with
them..." 9 A la [ 4 53 is based on the pattern: of al J ,this is known in grammar to be a noun of preference (dative) 4. "...mentioned in the Qur'an and Sunnah": • Th n n f th ayah: t nd t r t t th n th l t f th N nd ttr b t Al-Qurtubi commentated: f ll h nt n d b th t xt f th r n nd Sunnah, n t dd n L -141 jai ,51 i.e. the highest description. t th r btr t n n th n fr th . Ibn Kathir said: Th , d n t n ll h, n r d r b H th n r l L ic.ja jih 1,' i.e. absolute perfection from every perspective. 6 t h h H H lf h n t n d r d r b d H lf th n H B r p n th t n f H n r .
Sorah l R ( 0 :2 .
52 . . t d f rd f r t n. 57 Taystr al-Ralpnnn fi Tafsir Kalam al-Mannan, V l. 4, P . 04.
53 Th n n f al-A' la h h r, h h t, pp r, pp r t, t x lt d, "Th pr n f th n f t p . Th ttr b t f h r n f r ll h, f r x l ft t t . tj pl , h pr n th t r l nd th ll h. Th r f r t th r l t nd x t n f th ttr b t t tr l . t l t n pr n n th n l d f l 54 i.e. the p rl t v f r f n dj t v r v rb h h xpr th h h t r v r . . h r , n nd ff r th ttr b t n nn r th t b f tt n t th h h d r f l t ( . ., br v t, t f r l . ftj j t f ll h. F rth r, t l h r tt n pr n n n nd r d fr 55 Taffir al-Qurtubt, V l. 0, P . . th r n nd p n pr n h n n nt n t. f j
Tafsir Ibn Kathrr, V l. 2, P . . 19 ,41,5atud'iq al-Mursanth, 0 4, br d d.
46 47 2. Allah ( ia a says: Ibn al-Sa'di stated:
J l ■ : "t It is in reference to every Attribute of perfection and with regard to every perfection in existence, Allah is more deserving of • , , . n . , P , : it in a manner that does not necessitate imperfection in any way. 57 • j \ Aj • Th r l n d r v d fr th 4 :1 C A . c E..11. It is obligatory to believe in everything that ll h has mentioned about " nd t H h r n t r t n, th n ll r p t t ( ft r t h Himself. This is achieved by possessing a firm belief that all the At- p r h d , nd th r f r H . H th ig es d r pt n n tributes, which ll h has informed us of in His Book or upon the th h v n nd n th rth nd H th ll ht , th ll tongue of His Messenger, are Attributes of perfection. They do not ." 5 contain imperfections in any way whatsoever, for He (su a a u There are numerous dyne in the Glorious Qur'an that indicate the possesses the right to absolute perfection in every respect. perfection of Allah's Attributes. A detailed discussion on this will fea- Imam Ibn al-Qayyim says: "The highest description L is.1 com- ture later (in a separate study) within the detailed issues related to the prises the affirmation of the most exalted Attributes for Allah Attributes of ll h. (subbanahu), their presence in knowledge' and it comprises mention-
• t rph l ing, remembering and worshipping the Lord (su a a u with
them..." 9 A la [ 4 53 is based on the pattern: of al J ,this is known in grammar to be a noun of preference (dative) 4. "...mentioned in the Qur'an and Sunnah": • Th n n f th ayah: t nd t r t t th n th l t f th N nd ttr b t Al-Qurtubi commentated: f ll h nt n d b th t xt f th r n nd Sunnah, n t dd n L -141 jai ,51 i.e. the highest description. t th r btr t n n th n fr th . Ibn Kathir said: Th , d n t n ll h, n r d r b H th n r l L ic.ja jih 1,' i.e. absolute perfection from every perspective. 6 t h h H H lf h n t n d r d r b d H lf th n H B r p n th t n f H n r .
Sorah l R ( 0 :2 .
52 . . t d f rd f r t n. 57 Taystr al-Ralpnnn fi Tafsir Kalam al-Mannan, V l. 4, P . 04.
53 Th n n f al-A' la h h r, h h t, pp r, pp r t, t x lt d, "Th pr n f th n f t p . Th ttr b t f h r n f r ll h, f r x l ft t t . tj pl , h pr n th t r l nd th ll h. Th r f r t th r l t nd x t n f th ttr b t t tr l . t l t n pr n n th n l d f l 54 i.e. the p rl t v f r f n dj t v r v rb h h xpr th h h t r v r . . h r , n nd ff r th ttr b t n nn r th t b f tt n t th h h d r f l t ( . ., br v t, t f r l . ftj j t f ll h. F rth r, t l h r tt n pr n n n nd r d fr 55 Taffir al-Qurtubt, V l. 0, P . . th r n nd p n pr n h n n nt n t. f j
Tafsir Ibn Kathrr, V l. 2, P . . 19 ,41,5atud'iq al-Mursanth, 0 4, br d d.
46 47 Th b f th f t th t th r n t r n l d f r h v b n r d p n b th ummah 62 ; nd f r th abad63 r ll h N nd ttr b t x pt b n : th f khabr p rt n rr t d n th r , nt r l , r n th r l r r , th n th „6 (r l t d nf r t n, . . r v l t n , h h th B nd Sunnah. r pt d nd n t t b h ll n d. H n , f n t rt th t ll h H r th t th f r . "...and to have float; in their meanings and rulings.” nd nd p r n rt d th t ll h h r v th f r , . . t h v (man n th n n th t th ttr b t p nd l ld j d b th t b n rr r b th r n nt n n th n th r t nd r l n d r v d fr th . t xt t th ff r t n r n t n f r . Th rr t t n t rt th t ll h H r n nn r b f tt n H j t , n rd Th n f t, h t b th th r n nd nn h nd nd n n th t xt tt t n t th t. r . F rth r r , ll h h pr h b t d fr p n th t n l n x pl f th fr th r n th n f ll h (td ala): d , H (ta' ala) h d: rj fl tz V• , 4 ,t0J 0 4, L Nj ■ " nd d n t f ll th t h h h v n n l d f..." 62 Th r d n t x t N r ttr b t f ll h th t h v b n r d p n b th Th r f r , ff r t n r n t n n t p r bl x pt th t x unnnah, h h h v n t b n r l t d n th B r nn h. H v r, th t bl h t l v d n . nt f ll h N nd ttr b t r f d ff r nt l v l . r n th B l n , r n th nn h l n nd th r r n th B nd nn h nd b d (d. 24 H , ll h h v r p n h , d: " ll h th r r n t nl n th B nd nn h b t r l r d p n b th urntnah n t t b d r b d x pt th h t H H lf nd H n h l . Th l t t r pr b bl r f r t th t p f ttr b t th t th r t n n n l d thr h pl l n t th n tr t n nd nt nt f th n r h v d r b d H th d n t x d th b nd r f th v r f r x pl , n d v l n l d th t th r t r h r t r d th r n nd nn h." 61 n l d , d , b l t , t . Th b th nt nt n f n bd l B rr h r nd ll h n b t. t bn bd l B rr (d. 46 H , ll h h v r p n h , d: " th r p t t b l f, n t t t l t , th r d n t r d n N r ° Th t r t n f h d th fr th p r p t v f th n b r f h nn l p r t l r n rr t n r h f t t r : (i)Al-Mtaawata, h h d f n d t ttr b t x pt th t th h v b n p f ll nt n d n th B b h d th th t n r t d b h n b r f r p rt r n v r l v l f t tr n f ll h, r th nt ll r p rt d fr th n r f ll h ( n th t t n n v bl f r th ll t h v r d p n l r d nt ll rr v d t th nt f v nt . ( 4 2 d, h h pl , th h d th th t d n t t f th nd t n f th mutawatir hadit12.1bn bd l B rr h r p nt n t th t bl h d f nd nt l n t th h l r f h d th nd Ahl al-Sunnah h h th t th d n t d ff r nt t b t n th ahadith th t r abad nd th th t r mutawatir n th tt r f h t n b n b l f p n. Th r l nd t n n th r rd h th r th t l h d th th nt r n t. h d ff r nt t n b t n mutawatir nd abaci n th r rd n nn v t n, ntr r t th n n f th rl n r t n nd h b n r f t d b h l r f ld nd n l . 6° r h l r ( : 6. t 6 Al-Fatugi al- flamazdyyah, p . 6 . 6 Baym Ilm wa Fadlih, p 6.
48 4 Th b f th f t th t th r n t r n l d f r h v b n r d p n b th ummah 62 ; nd f r th abad63 r ll h N nd ttr b t x pt b n : th f khabr p rt n rr t d n th r , nt r l , r n th r l r r , th n th „6 (r l t d nf r t n, . . r v l t n , h h th B nd Sunnah. r pt d nd n t t b h ll n d. H n , f n t rt th t ll h H r th t th f r . "...and to have float; in their meanings and rulings.” nd nd p r n rt d th t ll h h r v th f r , . . t h v (man n th n n th t th ttr b t p nd l ld j d b th t b n rr r b th r n nt n n th n th r t nd r l n d r v d fr th . t xt t th ff r t n r n t n f r . Th rr t t n t rt th t ll h H r n nn r b f tt n H j t , n rd Th n f t, h t b th th r n nd nn h nd nd n n th t xt tt t n t th t. r . F rth r r , ll h h pr h b t d fr p n th t n l n x pl f th fr th r n th n f ll h (td ala): d , H (ta' ala) h d: rj fl tz V• , 4 ,t0J 0 4, L Nj ■ " nd d n t f ll th t h h h v n n l d f..." 62 Th r d n t x t N r ttr b t f ll h th t h v b n r d p n b th Th r f r , ff r t n r n t n n t p r bl x pt th t x unnnah, h h h v n t b n r l t d n th B r nn h. H v r, th t bl h t l v d n . nt f ll h N nd ttr b t r f d ff r nt l v l . r n th B l n , r n th nn h l n nd th r r n th B nd nn h nd b d (d. 24 H , ll h h v r p n h , d: " ll h th r r n t nl n th B nd nn h b t r l r d p n b th urntnah n t t b d r b d x pt th h t H H lf nd H n h l . Th l t t r pr b bl r f r t th t p f ttr b t th t th r t n n n l d thr h pl l n t th n tr t n nd nt nt f th n r h v d r b d H th d n t x d th b nd r f th v r f r x pl , n d v l n l d th t th r t r h r t r d th r n nd nn h." 61 n l d , d , b l t , t . Th b th nt nt n f n bd l B rr h r nd ll h n b t. t bn bd l B rr (d. 46 H , ll h h v r p n h , d: " th r p t t b l f, n t t t l t , th r d n t r d n N r ° Th t r t n f h d th fr th p r p t v f th n b r f h nn l p r t l r n rr t n r h f t t r : (i)Al-Mtaawata, h h d f n d t ttr b t x pt th t th h v b n p f ll nt n d n th B b h d th th t n r t d b h n b r f r p rt r n v r l v l f t tr n f ll h, r th nt ll r p rt d fr th n r f ll h ( n th t t n n v bl f r th ll t h v r d p n l r d nt ll rr v d t th nt f v nt . ( 4 2 d, h h pl , th h d th th t d n t t f th nd t n f th mutawatir hadit12.1bn bd l B rr h r p nt n t th t bl h d f nd nt l n t th h l r f h d th nd Ahl al-Sunnah h h th t th d n t d ff r nt t b t n th ahadith th t r abad nd th th t r mutawatir n th tt r f h t n b n b l f p n. Th r l nd t n n th r rd h th r th t l h d th th nt r n t. h d ff r nt t n b t n mutawatir nd abaci n th r rd n nn v t n, ntr r t th n n f th rl n r t n nd h b n r f t d b h l r f ld nd n l . 6° r h l r ( : 6. t 6 Al-Fatugi al- flamazdyyah, p . 6 . 6 Baym Ilm wa Fadlih, p 6.
48 4 " nd t ll h b l n th t b t f l N nv H th L , th h rt r p f th r n n , th r t nd r l th ..."" n th b d , nd t n n nd r p n t th , t l v l Th pr f fr th ayah nv H th th h h ll l d t nd th n n nd pr ht h r t r l r Th d d t n th t ll h ll p n H rv nt t n H b h p. H N nd ttr b t , t pr H , nd t t th r h r f Th r f r , Ahl al-Sunnah b l v n th n n nd t d b th rv t d fr th . N nd ttr b t f ll h, ll th r t nd r l n Th , ppl t n t ll h th H N nd ttr b t n l d : h h r lt fr th , ntr r t th p pl f f l h d h d n nd n t th . . ppl t n f r t66, . . n , 0 l rd, r nt t n n . Ahl al-Sunnah b l v th t v r N f ll h nd t n n h h l b l 'Attribute'. Th h t n r f r th n h 2. ppl t n f pr 6 , . . n , x lt d nd p rf t ll h . b l v n th N f ll h (ta' ala) t b rv nd t nt 6 . ppl t n f r h p , . . b n nd pr tr t n . nt th f ll n p nt : n x pl fr th nn h th n f th Pr ph t ( : "To • T b l v th t ll h (azza wa jalla) p th t p rt l r N . Allah belong ninety nine Names, one hundred less one; whosoever enu- • T b l v n th n n . . th ttr b t , nd t d b th N . merates them will enter paradise." ° • T b l v n th ff t , r l n nd r t t d t th Th pr f fr th b d th 'whosoever enumerates them' N . Th d d t n b n th t th n n f` enumerates them' t T th N al-Sams' Th ll H r r, tt— n x pl : r th r rd n , nd r t nd th r n n nd nd t n , nd t t b th r r t nd r l n . t N fr n t ll h t b t f l N , th f l l n r r d t p iman n t: H n , n l d f ll h N nd ttr b t nd b l v n th t ll h p th N nd d r pt n f r f r h p. . T ff r th N l f b b l v n th t t fr n t th t b t f l N f ll h. " r h l r f ( : 80. 2. T ff r th t H r n n ttr b t f ll h 66 i a a Mas a a : ppl t n th t nt n r t f r th t n f b n f t r th pr t t n fr h r . . T ff r th r l n ( . . th t n , h h th t ll h H r th r t nd pr v t d r , nd t ff r th r t nd f (Ci e a a a i: ppl t n th t nt n l r f t n nd pr f ll h, nd v d f n r t. f t, h h th bl t n f f r n ll h, b rv n H pr n , t r v r nd b h fr H (azza wa jalla). " u a a e e : ph l t f r h p l pr r t ., th r l f r f ppl t n. bn l , ll h h v r p n h , d: " v r N Ma i a Sa iki , 420. f H h t d t t, p f f r f r h p n th b f `knowledge and understanding' "R l t d b l B h r , a I2 a a , V l. , p. , h d th n . 2, nd b nd n th b f `state'. l , V l. 8, p. 6 .
0 " nd t ll h b l n th t b t f l N nv H th L , th h rt r p f th r n n , th r t nd r l th ..."" n th b d , nd t n n nd r p n t th , t l v l Th pr f fr th ayah nv H th th h h ll l d t nd th n n nd pr ht h r t r l r Th d d t n th t ll h ll p n H rv nt t n H b h p. H N nd ttr b t , t pr H , nd t t th r h r f Th r f r , Ahl al-Sunnah b l v n th n n nd t d b th rv t d fr th . N nd ttr b t f ll h, ll th r t nd r l n Th , ppl t n t ll h th H N nd ttr b t n l d : h h r lt fr th , ntr r t th p pl f f l h d h d n nd n t th . . ppl t n f r t66, . . n , 0 l rd, r nt t n n . Ahl al-Sunnah b l v th t v r N f ll h nd t n n h h l b l 'Attribute'. Th h t n r f r th n h 2. ppl t n f pr 6 , . . n , x lt d nd p rf t ll h . b l v n th N f ll h (ta' ala) t b rv nd t nt 6 . ppl t n f r h p , . . b n nd pr tr t n . nt th f ll n p nt : n x pl fr th nn h th n f th Pr ph t ( : "To • T b l v th t ll h (azza wa jalla) p th t p rt l r N . Allah belong ninety nine Names, one hundred less one; whosoever enu- • T b l v n th n n . . th ttr b t , nd t d b th N . merates them will enter paradise." ° • T b l v n th ff t , r l n nd r t t d t th Th pr f fr th b d th 'whosoever enumerates them' N . Th d d t n b n th t th n n f` enumerates them' t T th N al-Sams' Th ll H r r, tt— n x pl : r th r rd n , nd r t nd th r n n nd nd t n , nd t t b th r r t nd r l n . t N fr n t ll h t b t f l N , th f l l n r r d t p iman n t: H n , n l d f ll h N nd ttr b t nd b l v n th t ll h p th N nd d r pt n f r f r h p. . T ff r th N l f b b l v n th t t fr n t th t b t f l N f ll h. " r h l r f ( : 80. 2. T ff r th t H r n n ttr b t f ll h 66 i a a Mas a a : ppl t n th t nt n r t f r th t n f b n f t r th pr t t n fr h r . . T ff r th r l n ( . . th t n , h h th t ll h H r th r t nd pr v t d r , nd t ff r th r t nd f (Ci e a a a i: ppl t n th t nt n l r f t n nd pr f ll h, nd v d f n r t. f t, h h th bl t n f f r n ll h, b rv n H pr n , t r v r nd b h fr H (azza wa jalla). " u a a e e : ph l t f r h p l pr r t ., th r l f r f ppl t n. bn l , ll h h v r p n h , d: " v r N Ma i a Sa iki , 420. f H h t d t t, p f f r f r h p n th b f `knowledge and understanding' "R l t d b l B h r , a I2 a a , V l. , p. , h d th n . 2, nd b nd n th b f `state'. l , V l. 8, p. 6 .
0 'Knowledge and understanding', . . h v r n th t ll h n d H nd nd Foot,jawarib nd ab ad. Th t r H H hn v r th th p rt l r N nd nd r t nd h t ttr b t t nt l , H r t n nd n n v r H Thr n , tahayyuz. 2 th n b l v n t, th n t lf r h p. t fr th th d l f th p pl f nn v t n th t th t tr n nd 'State', . . v r N b l n n t ll h h p f n n nd r p l v , b d pt n f l h d, th th d l of Ahl al-Sunnah, th p pl p rt l r ff t n th h rt nd h r t r. f th h rt th r f r , f h d th, th Salaf of th ummah. n f th n th d pt t h v th t pr h nd th n n f p f N , h t t b d nd h rl f l h r t th th d l nd b l f f th Salaf, h h h v n l t t b h t v r. n x pl f th th r t n th t Ahl al-Sunnah t n f t, t ll r pl t th n n , nd th r n nd heshbdt nd tunable n th r f ll h N nd ttr b t . Th f r n t r nd r t nd n ll r fl t n th p r n th n n nd d f b nt n d b v b th th r r pl d b th n n tt pt t j t f th h v r" 71 t n.
Th th n rn n th ttr b t f ll h ('azza wa jalla); Th rd ci rad th pl r l f arad, n f t n n n d nt l h r t r t Th p pl f nn v t n l nd r Ahl al-Sannah n th t Ahl al-Sunnah n t b l v n th r n n nd r l n . Th th b l f f ff r h rad for Allah nd h n , th tashbilz (l n n th t n t p r bl Ahl al-Sunnah h h nv r t th b l f f th Mu' atrilah h b f th r pr : "d rad n nl x t l n d b d ". Th r nt t n n t d th n n h h th ttr b t nt l d nd t p r d f th r , h h r l n fl d pr nd v t r n l th t d n n th th b d t rt n nd h n n th r n n . t ntl , r f t d n n . h t th p pl f nn v t n t ll nt nd b a' rad h r , r th ttr b t Allah h nt n d n H B nd n th t n f Ahl al-Sunnah d t n r f r th n h nt t ff r th n r h H H r n , ht nd p h. ttr b t nd p th b l f th t th r ttr b t f p rf t n Th word/await/a th pl r l ofjäribah, h h n b d l l b h n ff r d f r ll h n a r l n , t b rv nd t nt nt th h nd nd l . Th th n n f th ttr b t th r rd t t r l t n t a f ll n p nt : human b n . H v r h n th p f ttr b t f H nd , , t r ff r d
l n Allah — b H h lf h r v l d th t th n h n ff r t n . T ff r th ttr b t , h n , h d n t n t r r f t t. l n n nn r th t b f t H j t th t n l n t H r t n nd 2. N t t v r t p th p f N v n t th ttr b t , r th r, al-Sunnah d n t l b l h ttr b t beingjawarilb Th p pl f nn v t n h v r l nd r b n , Ahl al-Sunnah affirm l b f r ll h . Th th h t r p t th N v n t th ttr b t j t h r f r th rd ad ad. t th pl r l f bad, h h n , p rt r p rt n p t th ttr b t t lf. H n , h d n t n ll f th ttr b t f th n . h n Ahl al-Sunnah affirmed for Allah th ttr b t H ff r d f r n r d h h n t N b v n t n th r, d th l lf, th p pl f nn v t n l nd r d th b n , AM al-Sunnah l n ll h t H r t n b ff r n p rt t H . Jahniiyyah al-Mu attilah th r rd t th H r n , ht nd p h f ll h, b t r n th a' rad. Th l t r H F , Th rd tabayytez fr th • v rb tahayyaza, h h rr n n h t p , l t n lf nd l d n lf. Ahl al-Sunnah ff r f r ll h H n n b v th thr n H H lf h nt n d th t n v n pl n H B . Th ff r th t ll h b v H r t n nd th th b l f th h ld th t H (hi ilia) n t nt n d, nf n d r n p d b pl , d r t n r r t n. ff p pl f nn v t n h v r, l nd r Ahl al-Sunnah b n th t th b l v th t n pl nd d r t n th t h nf n d, t n h ld f H nd n p d H , h hl x lt d H b v th t.
Fr th nt xt, th ppr n tt d b th p pl f nn v t n f Ahl al- Madeiry al-Sahhin, 420. Sunnab d v l p d n th t th n t d t r f r n t th l n f th Shari ah
2 'Knowledge and understanding', . . h v r n th t ll h n d H nd nd Foot,jawarib nd ab ad. Th t r H H hn v r th th p rt l r N nd nd r t nd h t ttr b t t nt l , H r t n nd n n v r H Thr n , tahayyuz. 2 th n b l v n t, th n t lf r h p. t fr th th d l f th p pl f nn v t n th t th t tr n nd 'State', . . v r N b l n n t ll h h p f n n nd r p l v , b d pt n f l h d, th th d l of Ahl al-Sunnah, th p pl p rt l r ff t n th h rt nd h r t r. f th h rt th r f r , f h d th, th Salaf of th ummah. n f th n th d pt t h v th t pr h nd th n n f p f N , h t t b d nd h rl f l h r t th th d l nd b l f f th Salaf, h h h v n l t t b h t v r. n x pl f th th r t n th t Ahl al-Sunnah t n f t, t ll r pl t th n n , nd th r n nd heshbdt nd tunable n th r f ll h N nd ttr b t . Th f r n t r nd r t nd n ll r fl t n th p r n th n n nd d f b nt n d b v b th th r r pl d b th n n tt pt t j t f th h v r"71 t n.
Th th n rn n th ttr b t f ll h ('azza wa jalla); Th rd ci rad th pl r l f arad, n f t n n n d nt l h r t r t Th p pl f nn v t n l nd r Ahl al-Sannah n th t Ahl al-Sunnah n t b l v n th r n n nd r l n . Th th b l f f ff r h rad for Allah nd h n , th tashbilz (l n n th t n t p r bl Ahl al-Sunnah h h nv r t th b l f f th Mu' atrilah h b f th r pr : "d rad n nl x t l n d b d ". Th r nt t n n t d th n n h h th ttr b t nt l d nd t p r d f th r , h h r l n fl d pr nd v t r n l th t d n n th th b d t rt n nd h n n th r n n . t ntl , r f t d n n . h t th p pl f nn v t n t ll nt nd b a' rad h r , r th ttr b t Allah h nt n d n H B nd n th t n f Ahl al-Sunnah d t n r f r th n h nt t ff r th n r h H H r n , ht nd p h. ttr b t nd p th b l f th t th r ttr b t f p rf t n Th word/await/a th pl r l ofjäribah, h h n b d l l b h n ff r d f r ll h n a r l n , t b rv nd t nt nt th h nd nd l . Th th n n f th ttr b t th r rd t t r l t n t a f ll n p nt : human b n . H v r h n th p f ttr b t f H nd , , t r ff r d
l n Allah — b H h lf h r v l d th t th n h n ff r t n . T ff r th ttr b t , h n , h d n t n t r r f t t. l n n nn r th t b f t H j t th t n l n t H r t n nd 2. N t t v r t p th p f N v n t th ttr b t , r th r, al-Sunnah d n t l b l h ttr b t beingjawarilb Th p pl f nn v t n h v r l nd r b n , Ahl al-Sunnah affirm l b f r ll h . Th th h t r p t th N v n t th ttr b t j t h r f r th rd ad ad. t th pl r l f bad, h h n , p rt r p rt n p t th ttr b t t lf. H n , h d n t n ll f th ttr b t f th n . h n Ahl al-Sunnah affirmed for Allah th ttr b t H ff r d f r n r d h h n t N b v n t n th r, d th l lf, th p pl f nn v t n l nd r d th b n , AM al-Sunnah l n ll h t H r t n b ff r n p rt t H . Jahniiyyah al-Mu attilah th r rd t th H r n , ht nd p h f ll h, b t r n th a' rad. Th l t r H F , Th rd tabayytez fr th • v rb tahayyaza, h h rr n n h t p , l t n lf nd l d n lf. Ahl al-Sunnah ff r f r ll h H n n b v th thr n H H lf h nt n d th t n v n pl n H B . Th ff r th t ll h b v H r t n nd th th b l f th h ld th t H (hi ilia) n t nt n d, nf n d r n p d b pl , d r t n r r t n. ff p pl f nn v t n h v r, l nd r Ahl al-Sunnah b n th t th b l v th t n pl nd d r t n th t h nf n d, t n h ld f H nd n p d H , h hl x lt d H b v th t.
Fr th nt xt, th ppr n tt d b th p pl f nn v t n f Ahl al- Madeiry al-Sahhin, 420. Sunnab d v l p d n th t th n t d t r f r n t th l n f th Shari ah
2 . N t t l n th ttr b t t th t f th r t n , f r th r n th Th d n t nd r n irnan n th ttr b t n r d t n n l ll h n H n , ttr b t nd t n . v l d t th n l d f th r n n , th f l f t n n dd t n l tt r b nd th . 4. T v p ll h p f pr h nd n th tr n t r nd d r pt v d n t n f th ttr b t . Th ( nd nd h n . T pl nt nd t l th r t nd ff t t d t d d b nd n d (th n t n f n n n l d f th tr th ttr b t . v r ttr b t h p f f r f rv t d n n t r nd l t f th ttr b t b n n n how ll h n t d t t. Th r th r t f th ttr b t , . . th r x pt ll h H lf. Th th n n f th d l r t n f t f p n n l d nd rr tl nd r t nd n th Ahl al-Sunnah 'without kayf (assigning any descriptionf 73 . . th ttr b t . t n l f t n h h th nd n pr h nd 4 . n , f , th rv nt n l d th t th L rd l n n r t , t n, th r l t f th n n t n n, th n h n n n v l f nd d th ll pr d f r h th r h p f tawakkul, th r l t nd n t r f th ttr b t nd h n l d f ll h j t , r tn nd ht ll n r t f r h h l t , b n nd l v . nd Ahl al-Sunnah, ttr b t d th t Ant al-Sunnah nd th n ht t r f t th t h h th b l f f Ahl al-Sunnah n f tashbill h n th r l t th t t The Relationship Between the th p pl f nn v t n h n f t tt d tashbth - ll b h n f rth r Categories of Tatvhtd n th b , n th d d n t d ff r nt t b t n th ttr b t f th r t r nd th f H r t n, th l n d f r tl nd n t d ndl . t b ppr pr t h r ft r h v n xpl n d th d f n t n f N t f rth r, th t h v t t d th t th p pl f nn v t n , 'Ahl al-Sunnah ... Tawhid al-Asma wa 1-Sifdt t nt n th r l t n h p b t n th Th d n t t ll , 'Ahl al-Sunnah' b t th r t r l ` l f , th l t r l t , th p pl f l d th nd n, b t l fr th r th d l t tr t r nd th r n n t r f Tatithid. t l n t th h tr l dh r t h t th Salaf r p n b t n th pr l n r t p t rd th , ll f r t nt n th v r t t tl fr th nd l n t f r th lv , n ll b t th h h, h v d r t Tawbid pl th r l n f ll n th f AN al-Sttnnah nd th pr h nd r t n f d pt d b th h l r . th n r l nd r t nd n th t th of Ahl al-Sttnnah nd th r Imams th pr rth th t t b f ll d. Th tr th h v r, n th r l t , h h r t r f Tawbid t n d thr h pr p r x n t n f h t th Sahel:AM al-Sunnah r tr l p n h l r of Ahl al-Sunnah d ff r n th nn r f d t r n n th t nd d n n th b b n n r nd j t. Th r l t b n , h v r d n t h ld nt th b l f n th N nd ttr b t f ll h n th nn r d t l d n r f Tawlzid. D p t th v r t n h v r, th r nt nt n th b th n h n t of Ahl al-Sunnah n th r rd, rr p t v f h h rd h nd th . Th pr b bl r n b h nd th v r t n th f t tr t h ld nt th t t tl nd f h h rd h tr t d t n th r fr t. t th t th t r t n h v b n d d d r lt f r r h n
73 pl t xpl n t n ll f t r f rth r n n th b . nd n l n th t xt ( f th Shari' ah) h r th d n t x t p f d nd d f n d t r . 74 . . th n t n n p rt f th Salaf f n l f t n f th ttr b t b f th f t th t th nd nn t r p t nd n t b th ttr b t h v n d r pt n. Th ttr b t d p r l t b t th n l d fr th ghayb j t th n f ll h fr th ghayb. th n t n f n n l d f th r l t nd n t n t n f th r l t t lf t Madurij al-Salikeen, 8 , l htl br d d.
4 . N t t l n th ttr b t t th t f th r t n , f r th r n th Th d n t nd r n irnan n th ttr b t n r d t n n l ll h n H n , ttr b t nd t n . v l d t th n l d f th r n n , th f l f t n n dd t n l tt r b nd th . 4. T v p ll h p f pr h nd n th tr n t r nd d r pt v d n t n f th ttr b t . Th ( nd nd h n . T pl nt nd t l th r t nd ff t t d t d d b nd n d (th n t n f n n n l d f th tr th ttr b t . v r ttr b t h p f f r f rv t d n n t r nd l t f th ttr b t b n n n how ll h n t d t t. Th r th r t f th ttr b t , . . th r x pt ll h H lf. Th th n n f th d l r t n f t f p n n l d nd rr tl nd r t nd n th Ahl al-Sunnah 'without kayf (assigning any descriptionf 73 . . th ttr b t . t n l f t n h h th nd n pr h nd 4 . n , f , th rv nt n l d th t th L rd l n n r t , t n, th r l t f th n n t n n, th n h n n n v l f nd d th ll pr d f r h th r h p f tawakkul, th r l t nd n t r f th ttr b t nd h n l d f ll h j t , r tn nd ht ll n r t f r h h l t , b n nd l v . nd Ahl al-Sunnah, ttr b t d th t Ant al-Sunnah nd th n ht t r f t th t h h th b l f f Ahl al-Sunnah n f tashbill h n th r l t th t t The Relationship Between the th p pl f nn v t n h n f t tt d tashbth - ll b h n f rth r Categories of Tatvhtd n th b , n th d d n t d ff r nt t b t n th ttr b t f th r t r nd th f H r t n, th l n d f r tl nd n t d ndl . t b ppr pr t h r ft r h v n xpl n d th d f n t n f N t f rth r, th t h v t t d th t th p pl f nn v t n , 'Ahl al-Sunnah ... Tawhid al-Asma wa 1-Sifdt t nt n th r l t n h p b t n th Th d n t t ll , 'Ahl al-Sunnah' b t th r t r l ` l f , th l t r l t , th p pl f l d th nd n, b t l fr th r th d l t tr t r nd th r n n t r f Tatithid. t l n t th h tr l dh r t h t th Salaf r p n b t n th pr l n r t p t rd th , ll f r t nt n th v r t t tl fr th nd l n t f r th lv , n ll b t th h h, h v d r t Tawbid pl th r l n f ll n th f AN al-Sttnnah nd th pr h nd r t n f d pt d b th h l r . th n r l nd r t nd n th t th of Ahl al-Sttnnah nd th r Imams th pr rth th t t b f ll d. Th tr th h v r, n th r l t , h h r t r f Tawbid t n d thr h pr p r x n t n f h t th Sahel:AM al-Sunnah r tr l p n h l r of Ahl al-Sunnah d ff r n th nn r f d t r n n th t nd d n n th b b n n r nd j t. Th r l t b n , h v r d n t h ld nt th b l f n th N nd ttr b t f ll h n th nn r d t l d n r f Tawlzid. D p t th v r t n h v r, th r nt nt n th b th n h n t of Ahl al-Sunnah n th r rd, rr p t v f h h rd h nd th . Th pr b bl r n b h nd th v r t n th f t tr t h ld nt th t t tl nd f h h rd h tr t d t n th r fr t. t th t th t r t n h v b n d d d r lt f r r h n
73 pl t xpl n t n ll f t r f rth r n n th b . nd n l n th t xt ( f th Shari' ah) h r th d n t x t p f d nd d f n d t r . 74 . . th n t n n p rt f th Salaf f n l f t n f th ttr b t b f th f t th t th nd nn t r p t nd n t b th ttr b t h v n d r pt n. Th ttr b t d p r l t b t th n l d fr th ghayb j t th n f ll h fr th ghayb. th n t n f n n l d f th r l t nd n t n t n f th r l t t lf t Madurij al-Salikeen, 8 , l htl br d d.
4 n l ht f th b v , h l r h v t r d Tawhid int f r th b n b th Tawhid al-Rubabiyyah nd Tatehtd al-Asma wa thr t r : 1-Sifat nt n t r . Th d n fr th p r p t v th t th t t r n t t l r pr nt th r of knowledge nd understand- 1. Tawbid al-Rubabiyyah (L rd h p : t n l t ll h th H azza Iva fella), h r Tawhid al-Ulahiyyab r pr nt t n h r t n nd t n n . ing f ll h ( th r f action nt nd d t ll h. 2. Tawbid al-Asn2a wa I-Sifat (N nd ttr b t : th d f n t n Tautlod nt thr t r fr th p r p f h h h lr d pr d d. Th l f t n f t v f h t Tawbid t lf p rt n t nd th l f t n f Tawbid 3. Tawhid aTUlabiyyah ( r h p : t n l t ll h th th l v nt t t r r l t b t th p r p t v f h t bl t r t n f r h p h pr r, f t n nd ppl t n. p n th muwahhid ( n h pr f tawbid). r r ntl , rt n p pl h v dd d f rth t r t th thr h l r h v d Tawbid l f d nt th f ll n t pr v l nt n d nd h v n d t: t r : 4. Tawbid al-Ittiba' ( dh r n r Tawhidal-Hokimiyyah ( . . t d . aw i a Ma i a wa I a ( n l d nd ff r t n : n t th B nd nn h l nd t r f r b t t f r j d Tawlvd nt . Th h l r h v n nd b th xpr n b th Rubabiyyah nd Tawhid al-Asma wa T,Sitat. Th r n b h nd th H v r, th n h h nt n d th t r h ld b rv t r n l `T h d l r f h th t n l d f ll h ( azza th t t , n r l t , lr d n l d d n Tawbid al-Ulahiyyah ( r wa jalla) tt n d b n n th r th n n l d f H N , h p , b r h p l ll pt d nl f t t f t nd ttr b t nd t n . f r th t r ` l thb f, t n t ff r t n : th N , ttr b t nd t n th t ll h h ff r d f r H 1. al-4/2/at ( n r t lf. 2. al-Ittiba; ( dh r n , ll h OW ala) h d: 2. aw i a Qase wa a a a ( nt nt nd P r t : Tawhid al-Ulahiyyah nt b th phr . t n d Tawhid "r .. `111-Qad wa al-Talab' b th rv nt t rn t ll h th h h rt, t n nd l b n r h p f H l n , t f h p nd f r. Th l v nt nt n nd p r t b h nd th th nt n n f ll h "... h v r h p t t h L rd h ld p rf r r ht nd th d r f r H pl r . t n nd n t t n n n r h p f H L rd."" n th r r p f h l r l f d Tawbid nt th f ll n t th r h l r h v t r d Tawbid nt t t r . Th t r : th t n th d f nd n th r t n f th rl h l r ,
6 R f r t Tart q al-Hijratayn, p 0, Sharh al-Tahawiyyah, p 6, Lawaini' al-
Anwar b l fär n , 28 nd Taysir A s al-Hamad, p . 78 I l nt n th • n Madarij el-Suakin, 44 . " r h l hf ( 8 : 0. bn l nt n th in Madan] al-Salikin, 4 0.
6 n l ht f th b v , h l r h v t r d Tawhid int f r th b n b th Tawhid al-Rubabiyyah nd Tatehtd al-Asma wa thr t r : 1-Sifat nt n t r . Th d n fr th p r p t v th t th t t r n t t l r pr nt th r of knowledge nd understand- 1. Tawbid al-Rubabiyyah (L rd h p : t n l t ll h th H azza Iva fella), h r Tawhid al-Ulahiyyab r pr nt t n h r t n nd t n n . ing f ll h ( th r f action nt nd d t ll h. 2. Tawbid al-Asn2a wa I-Sifat (N nd ttr b t : th d f n t n Tautlod nt thr t r fr th p r p f h h h lr d pr d d. Th l f t n f t v f h t Tawbid t lf p rt n t nd th l f t n f Tawbid 3. Tawhid aTUlabiyyah ( r h p : t n l t ll h th th l v nt t t r r l t b t th p r p t v f h t bl t r t n f r h p h pr r, f t n nd ppl t n. p n th muwahhid ( n h pr f tawbid). r r ntl , rt n p pl h v dd d f rth t r t th thr h l r h v d Tawbid l f d nt th f ll n t pr v l nt n d nd h v n d t: t r : 4. Tawbid al-Ittiba' ( dh r n r Tawhidal-Hokimiyyah ( . . t d . aw i a Ma i a wa I a ( n l d nd ff r t n : n t th B nd nn h l nd t r f r b t t f r j d Tawlvd nt . Th h l r h v n nd b th xpr n b th Rubabiyyah nd Tawhid al-Asma wa T,Sitat. Th r n b h nd th H v r, th n h h nt n d th t r h ld b rv t r n l `T h d l r f h th t n l d f ll h ( azza th t t , n r l t , lr d n l d d n Tawbid al-Ulahiyyah ( r wa jalla) tt n d b n n th r th n n l d f H N , h p , b r h p l ll pt d nl f t t f t nd ttr b t nd t n . f r th t r ` l thb f, t n t ff r t n : th N , ttr b t nd t n th t ll h h ff r d f r H 1. al-4/2/at ( n r t lf. 2. al-Ittiba; ( dh r n , ll h OW ala) h d: 2. aw i a Qase wa a a a ( nt nt nd P r t : Tawhid al-Ulahiyyah nt b th phr . t n d Tawhid "r .. `111-Qad wa al-Talab' b th rv nt t rn t ll h th h h rt, t n nd l b n r h p f H l n , t f h p nd f r. Th l v nt nt n nd p r t b h nd th th nt n n f ll h "... h v r h p t t h L rd h ld p rf r r ht nd th d r f r H pl r . t n nd n t t n n n r h p f H L rd."" n th r r p f h l r l f d Tawbid nt th f ll n t th r h l r h v t r d Tawbid nt t t r . Th t r : th t n th d f nd n th r t n f th rl h l r ,
6 R f r t Tart q al-Hijratayn, p 0, Sharh al-Tahawiyyah, p 6, Lawaini' al-
Anwar b l fär n , 28 nd Taysir A s al-Hamad, p . 78 I l nt n th • n Madarij el-Suakin, 44 . " r h l hf ( 8 : 0. bn l nt n th in Madan] al-Salikin, 4 0.
6 1.A1-Tau/bid al-Khabart: ( n l d b d nd T xt b d t n th r r p f h l r l f Tawhid nt th f ll n t Tawhid) t r : Th nt nd d n n Tawhid al-Rububiyyah nd Tawhid al-Asma 1.Tawhid al-Siyadah ( v r nt : wa Tawhid al-Rububiyyah nd Tawhid al-Asina wa l-Sifat r nt nd d b t n d al-Tawhid b t n ntr t n th r f th . t t r d h b th n p n f th n l d f ll h. f r th rd ` l h b ff, th n l ht f th t n , N nd ttr b t b ll h bl t b l t v r nt f t th t th n l d d p nd nt p n klub,- (r v l d t xt , . . nd pl t r ht f d p l n th n v r b t n th r l f th B nd Sunnah. r t n, t n n , v n l f , n d th, d p n r v rn (subbrznahu wa ea' ala). Th , th mutvabbid t n l t ll h 2. Al-Tawhid al-Talabi ( lf l nd P r n b d Tawhid): n , n th r p t. Th nt nd d n n Tawhid al-Uluhiyyah. t n d 'al- ( r h p : Tawhid al-Iradt' b th rv nt p ll th r p t t 2. Tawhid al-' lbadah t f r h p h th r p rf r th t t f r h p r h n t Th n n f h h Tawhid al-Ulahiyyah. Th n n f t t . t t r d al-Talabi b th l v th th t r h p h v r l r nd n d n f rth r l b r t n. th F f ll h nd h h ll h n nd nd h rt th th Th r th v r t r t n f th h l r th t h v t n f r h p. r nd th r ll n nd th n nt nt j t h n b n th r r p f h l r l f Tawhid nt th f ll n t t r l t n h b nt t r t n t th f r t. Th d ff r n 80 r : b t n th th r f r nf n d t rd n nl , nd ll h n 1.Al-Tawhid al-Qatar ( p h b d Tawhid): b t
Th nt nt b h nd th Tawhid al-Rububiyyah nd Tawhid al-Anna Th R l t n h p B t n th t r f Tawhid wa 1-,Cifat. t n d Qawli b t t nd pp t t Tawhid Th t r n t t l r pr nt th p rt l r r f tman n ll h, al-Uluhiyyah h h n ntr t n th t n b d d f Tawhid Tawhid n t pl t th t (i.e. al; almali). h h n Tawhid. p r n f r th d , t p f ll b d n b l f nd Tawhid; th v h f r, n l d . th b n t n f ll th thr t r f n t t nd pl t h th r. 2. Tawhid al-`Amalfi ( t n b d Tawhid): t n t p bl t t b th n r t f th t r t th t n n Tawhid al- Tawhid al-Ulahlyyah. t n d Amalfi b t xp n f th r n n t r r t r . Th , n p th t n f th h rt, t n nd l b h h n t t l Rubabiyyah f n b n f t th t Tawhid al-Ulahiyyah.Tatvbid al- r pr nt th r f t n th r p t t Tawhid.
H n , t v r t n l d ff r n (M i a a a au i nd n t ntr d t r Th , Tawhid h t d : n f b l f nd n l d nd th th r d ff r n (M i a a a a . R f r t bn aymiyya sk i a , i e a Mus aq ... n p rt n n t b n nd t n. h h h d t p f d ff r n ll xp nd n p n th b t r f v r t n l d ff r n , n f th b n th d ff r n f nd n xpr n , d f " D h h l l bn T h nt n d th . R f r t Ma i . a a awa, 6 . n t n nd l f t n . t
8 1.A1-Tau/bid al-Khabart: ( n l d b d nd T xt b d t n th r r p f h l r l f Tawhid nt th f ll n t Tawhid) t r : Th nt nd d n n Tawhid al-Rububiyyah nd Tawhid al-Asma 1.Tawhid al-Siyadah ( v r nt : wa Tawhid al-Rububiyyah nd Tawhid al-Asina wa l-Sifat r nt nd d b t n d al-Tawhid b t n ntr t n th r f th . t t r d h b th n p n f th n l d f ll h. f r th rd ` l h b ff, th n l ht f th t n , N nd ttr b t b ll h bl t b l t v r nt f t th t th n l d d p nd nt p n klub,- (r v l d t xt , . . nd pl t r ht f d p l n th n v r b t n th r l f th B nd Sunnah. r t n, t n n , v n l f , n d th, d p n r v rn (subbrznahu wa ea' ala). Th , th mutvabbid t n l t ll h 2. Al-Tawhid al-Talabi ( lf l nd P r n b d Tawhid): n , n th r p t. Th nt nd d n n Tawhid al-Uluhiyyah. t n d 'al- ( r h p : Tawhid al-Iradt' b th rv nt p ll th r p t t 2. Tawhid al-' lbadah t f r h p h th r p rf r th t t f r h p r h n t Th n n f h h Tawhid al-Ulahiyyah. Th n n f t t . t t r d al-Talabi b th l v th th t r h p h v r l r nd n d n f rth r l b r t n. th F f ll h nd h h ll h n nd nd h rt th th Th r th v r t r t n f th h l r th t h v t n f r h p. r nd th r ll n nd th n nt nt j t h n b n th r r p f h l r l f Tawhid nt th f ll n t t r l t n h b nt t r t n t th f r t. Th d ff r n 80 r : b t n th th r f r nf n d t rd n nl , nd ll h n 1.Al-Tawhid al-Qatar ( p h b d Tawhid): b t
Th nt nt b h nd th Tawhid al-Rububiyyah nd Tawhid al-Anna Th R l t n h p B t n th t r f Tawhid wa 1-,Cifat. t n d Qawli b t t nd pp t t Tawhid Th t r n t t l r pr nt th p rt l r r f tman n ll h, al-Uluhiyyah h h n ntr t n th t n b d d f Tawhid Tawhid n t pl t th t (i.e. al; almali). h h n Tawhid. p r n f r th d , t p f ll b d n b l f nd Tawhid; th v h f r, n l d . th b n t n f ll th thr t r f n t t nd pl t h th r. 2. Tawhid al-`Amalfi ( t n b d Tawhid): t n t p bl t t b th n r t f th t r t th t n n Tawhid al- Tawhid al-Ulahlyyah. t n d Amalfi b t xp n f th r n n t r r t r . Th , n p th t n f th h rt, t n nd l b h h n t t l Rubabiyyah f n b n f t th t Tawhid al-Ulahiyyah.Tatvbid al- r pr nt th r f t n th r p t t Tawhid.
H n , t v r t n l d ff r n (M i a a a au i nd n t ntr d t r Th , Tawhid h t d : n f b l f nd n l d nd th th r d ff r n (M i a a a a . R f r t bn aymiyya sk i a , i e a Mus aq ... n p rt n n t b n nd t n. h h h d t p f d ff r n ll xp nd n p n th b t r f v r t n l d ff r n , n f th b n th d ff r n f nd n xpr n , d f " D h h l l bn T h nt n d th . R f r t Ma i . a a awa, 6 . n t n nd l f t n . t
8 Lilahiyyah n t v l d nd nn t x t th t Tauthid al-Rubabiyyah F r th r n, t h b n th p tt rn f th N bl r n t r l t nd l , th Tauthid f ll h n b th al-Rubabiyyah nd al- th ayat n l R btb h t th r th ayat n th ll n t Tawbid Ulahiyyah n t rr t th t th Tawbid f ll h n al-Asma wa 1- al-Ulithiyyah. n x pl f th th n f ll h (ta` ala): $ifat.
rd n l , th pr n f fl nd d v t n n n n f th t r fl n Tauthid n t nt r t 82 , f r n l d f ll h nn t b th t r h p f H nd r h p f H nn t b „ : r th t n l d f ll h th n t t h th r . : tl ,,,,z 4 t 6„: h l r h v l r f d th r l t n h p th th r t t nt: t \&, :t 'It is a relationship of necessity, inclusion and comprehen- 4 sion.'
Tawbid al-Rubabiyyah n t t Tauthid al-Ulahiyyah. Tautaid al- "0 n nd, r h p r L rd h r t d nd th b f r th t h v aqug, h h d th rth r t n Uluhiyyah n l d Tawbid al-Rabubiyyalt nd Tatubtd al-Asma wa L- pl f r , th n p nd nt d n r n fr th br n $01 n p b th Tawbid al-Rububiyyah nd Tawbid al-Asma n t b t r p nd fr t pr v n f r . d n t t p wa r v l th ll h ( n r r h p h n n f ll ll (th t h v n th r l rd b d H ". T l b r t , n h n l d Tawbid al-Rubabiyyah nd n f r Tatubtd al-Uluhiyyah, t b d Tauthid al-Rububiyyah b th t ll h (subbanahu) l n th L rd h h n p rtn r n H n rn n n h r h p ll h nd d n t t n L rd h p, n t t d nd b nt b th n l d nt t d th n th H , th pl tl nd t th t h b l v th t ll h r t r h p t ll h l n (subitanahu wa la' ala). Th b f H L rd nd n r, nd th t H h nl L rd. th f t th t nl l rd, r t r, n r nd v rn r f t t b r h pp d. H n l p th l t , t t th r Th f t th t th muwabbid tn n h lf. Th r f t f r th t H l n b th bj t f r h p. h h n l d t ll h th r h p nd h n t d r t d n f r f r h p t th r th n ll h n t b f n th n b t h " Th , fl r d v t n n p rt l r t r f Tatvlffd ff t th th r t n l d nt f Tatvbed al-Rubabiyyah nd th t th r n l rd, n r b f th tr n nn t n nd rr l t n b t n ll th t r . f th t n r r d p r f ff r x pt ll h l n . fl ff t th b f th t p rt l r t r th n th n n ll b fl n th b f n Tawtszd n n r l. f h v r, th fl ff t nd bl h th f r Tawbid al-Asma wa l-Wat, t pr h n v f b th Tawbid p rf t n nd pl t n f th t p rt l r t r th n th n n ll b al-Rububiyyah nd Tauthid al-Uluhiyyah. Th b rn b th f t th t fl nd bl h n th pl t n nd p rf t n f n Tauthid n n r l, ll h pr t t ll. ff Tawbid al-Asma wa l-,51fat t nd n n l n t ll h th ll th t b t f l N nd t x lt d ttr b t H p , h h 83 Tandhir Ahl al-Iman, 40 ( th n Manna( ah al-Muntriyyah). r n t b f tt n f r n n b t H (subbanahu wa ala). Th n t nd b nd n f l t t ff t, th th th Offal- f th r h. Th n l d d nd ff r d Tawbid al-Rubiibiyyah th t xt h b t d d n t f lf l th r t f ff r n Tatvntd al-Rububiyyah ( h h " r h l B r h (2 :2 2. t n l d nd ff r TatultM al-Uhahiyyah).
60 6 Lilahiyyah n t v l d nd nn t x t th t Tauthid al-Rubabiyyah F r th r n, t h b n th p tt rn f th N bl r n t r l t nd l , th Tauthid f ll h n b th al-Rubabiyyah nd al- th ayat n l R btb h t th r th ayat n th ll n t Tawbid Ulahiyyah n t rr t th t th Tawbid f ll h n al-Asma wa 1- al-Ulithiyyah. n x pl f th th n f ll h (ta` ala): $ifat.
rd n l , th pr n f fl nd d v t n n n n f th t r fl n Tauthid n t nt r t 82 , f r n l d f ll h nn t b th t r h p f H nd r h p f H nn t b „ : r th t n l d f ll h th n t t h th r . : tl ,,,,z 4 t 6„: h l r h v l r f d th r l t n h p th th r t t nt: t \&, :t 'It is a relationship of necessity, inclusion and comprehen- 4 sion.'
Tawbid al-Rubabiyyah n t t Tauthid al-Ulahiyyah. Tautaid al- "0 n nd, r h p r L rd h r t d nd th b f r th t h v aqug, h h d th rth r t n Uluhiyyah n l d Tawbid al-Rabubiyyalt nd Tatubtd al-Asma wa L- pl f r , th n p nd nt d n r n fr th br n $01 n p b th Tawbid al-Rububiyyah nd Tawbid al-Asma n t b t r p nd fr t pr v n f r . d n t t p wa r v l th ll h ( n r r h p h n n f ll ll (th t h v n th r l rd b d H ". T l b r t , n h n l d Tawbid al-Rubabiyyah nd n f r Tatubtd al-Uluhiyyah, t b d Tauthid al-Rububiyyah b th t ll h (subbanahu) l n th L rd h h n p rtn r n H n rn n n h r h p ll h nd d n t t n L rd h p, n t t d nd b nt b th n l d nt t d th n th H , th pl tl nd t th t h b l v th t ll h r t r h p t ll h l n (subitanahu wa la' ala). Th b f H L rd nd n r, nd th t H h nl L rd. th f t th t nl l rd, r t r, n r nd v rn r f t t b r h pp d. H n l p th l t , t t th r Th f t th t th muwabbid tn n h lf. Th r f t f r th t H l n b th bj t f r h p. h h n l d t ll h th r h p nd h n t d r t d n f r f r h p t th r th n ll h n t b f n th n b t h " Th , fl r d v t n n p rt l r t r f Tatvlffd ff t th th r t n l d nt f Tatvbed al-Rubabiyyah nd th t th r n l rd, n r b f th tr n nn t n nd rr l t n b t n ll th t r . f th t n r r d p r f ff r x pt ll h l n . fl ff t th b f th t p rt l r t r th n th n n ll b fl n th b f n Tawtszd n n r l. f h v r, th fl ff t nd bl h th f r Tawbid al-Asma wa l-Wat, t pr h n v f b th Tawbid p rf t n nd pl t n f th t p rt l r t r th n th n n ll b al-Rububiyyah nd Tauthid al-Uluhiyyah. Th b rn b th f t th t fl nd bl h n th pl t n nd p rf t n f n Tauthid n n r l, ll h pr t t ll. ff Tawbid al-Asma wa l-,51fat t nd n n l n t ll h th ll th t b t f l N nd t x lt d ttr b t H p , h h 83 Tandhir Ahl al-Iman, 40 ( th n Manna( ah al-Muntriyyah). r n t b f tt n f r n n b t H (subbanahu wa ala). Th n t nd b nd n f l t t ff t, th th th Offal- f th r h. Th n l d d nd ff r d Tawbid al-Rubiibiyyah th t xt h b t d d n t f lf l th r t f ff r n Tatvntd al-Rububiyyah ( h h " r h l B r h (2 :2 2. t n l d nd ff r TatultM al-Uhahiyyah).
60 6 f th N r l R bb (th L rd , l h l (th r t r , Th th r rd f t bl h n H aw i , r l R z (th t n r Pr v d r nd l l (th n , nd th . R p rt n th p pl f s i k, th h l t n th nd r nt n p rt n t aw i a u i iyya se th rld nd th p n h nt th t ll b f ll th n th n xt n th r r p f th N r ll h (th D t , l h f r (th l f . ft F r v n , l R t (th B t r f r nd l T b (th Th nf r t n n th h r t d th r l n f H a a i . ft R t rn n , nd th p rt n t aw i a U i iyya 8 . 88 H n , ll f th r n n a u , t r ht nd r rd , nd n b n f l d p nt: th f s i k, t p pl nd th r p n h nt s ll f th r n n nv t t n t T h l bn l , ll h h v r p n h , d: " v r r h f th r n nt l aw i . n f t, rt pr h n v t t nt: v r ya n th r n nt l a i i , tn t a a:2a nd nv t t t. n th r n th r: . nf r t n b t ll h nd H N , ttr b t nd t n . Th aw i a ima a K a a . 2. ll t r h p H l n th t n p rtn r nd t r n n v r th n r h pp d b d ll h. Th a i i a I a i a a a i. . nd nd pr h b t n , nd th nj n n f b n H nd nd pr h b t n . Th r th r ht f aw i nd r h t p rf t t. 4. R p rt f ll h r v r nt l tr t nt f th h t bl h H aw a nd b d n , h th r tr t d n th rld nd h ll h ll h n r th n th H r ft r.
n, n h n l t ll h th th N nd l t h n ff t n l d H t n tt r f L rd h p. R ° . . n h n l t ll h th th N nd l t h l n l d ll h t n tt r f r h p. t "R f r t al-Kawashif al-Jaliyyah an Ma' ani al-Wasitiyyal2 f h h bd l z z l l n, p. 42 422. "ma a a Sa ik , 44 4 0.
62 6 f th N r l R bb (th L rd , l h l (th r t r , Th th r rd f t bl h n H aw i , r l R z (th t n r Pr v d r nd l l (th n , nd th . R p rt n th p pl f s i k, th h l t n th nd r nt n p rt n t aw i a u i iyya se th rld nd th p n h nt th t ll b f ll th n th n xt n th r r p f th N r ll h (th D t , l h f r (th l f . ft F r v n , l R t (th B t r f r nd l T b (th Th nf r t n n th h r t d th r l n f H a a i . ft R t rn n , nd th p rt n t aw i a U i iyya 8 . 88 H n , ll f th r n n a u , t r ht nd r rd , nd n b n f l d p nt: th f s i k, t p pl nd th r p n h nt s ll f th r n n nv t t n t T h l bn l , ll h h v r p n h , d: " v r r h f th r n nt l aw i . n f t, rt pr h n v t t nt: v r ya n th r n nt l a i i , tn t a a:2a nd nv t t t. n th r n th r: . nf r t n b t ll h nd H N , ttr b t nd t n . Th aw i a ima a K a a . 2. ll t r h p H l n th t n p rtn r nd t r n n v r th n r h pp d b d ll h. Th a i i a I a i a a a i. . nd nd pr h b t n , nd th nj n n f b n H nd nd pr h b t n . Th r th r ht f aw i nd r h t p rf t t. 4. R p rt f ll h r v r nt l tr t nt f th h t bl h H aw a nd b d n , h th r tr t d n th rld nd h ll h ll h n r th n th H r ft r.
n, n h n l t ll h th th N nd l t h n ff t n l d H t n tt r f L rd h p. R ° . . n h n l t ll h th th N nd l t h l n l d ll h t n tt r f r h p. t "R f r t al-Kawashif al-Jaliyyah an Ma' ani al-Wasitiyyal2 f h h bd l z z l l n, p. 42 422. "ma a a Sa ik , 44 4 0.
62 6 H PT R 2
Th D f n t n f al-Salaf al-Salib nd Ahl al-Sunnah wa l-Jamei ah, n xpl n t n f th r B l f n th ttr b t nd N f ll h nd th F nd t n th t th B l f B d p n
Thr r f d n:
. Th d f n t n f a Sa a a i nd A a Su a wa a ama { a 2. Th b l f f A a Su a wa ama a n th N nd t tr b t f ll h . Th f nd t n p n h h th r b l f n th N nd t tr b t f ll h b d
65 H PT R 2
Th D f n t n f al-Salaf al-Salib nd Ahl al-Sunnah wa l-Jamei ah, n xpl n t n f th r B l f n th ttr b t nd N f ll h nd th F nd t n th t th B l f B d p n
Thr r f d n:
. Th d f n t n f a Sa a a i nd A a Su a wa a ama { a 2. Th b l f f A a Su a wa ama a n th N nd t tr b t f ll h . Th f nd t n p n h h th r b l f n th N nd t tr b t f ll h b d
65 The Definition of al-Salaf al-Salih and
Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama ah
D f n t n f a Sa a
• L X L N N F TH Rn L : "Salaf [it] th pl r l ofsalif L L h h b d p n th p tt rn bads rd, > nd haras nd k a i 2 rv nt, & khadarn [fir] 9`) Salif n pr d r nd Salaf n pr d n r p. ,,91 bn F r t t : " l n LH, l L (j nd l F r t h h nd t pr d n nd nt d n . d r v t n f th r t al- Salaf h h n th h h v p d n, nd sallaf r p . . pr d r . ,,92
• TH (L L N N F TH T R L L F L L b L lL Th r r n b r f p n n h ld b th h l r th r p t t d f n n th Salaf al-Salih fr t p r p t v : . rt n h l r l t th ppl t n f th t r t th sahabah ( p n n l n , th pl r f ll h b p n th ll. 2. th r h l r rt th t th r th ,cababah nd th a i an ( t d nt nd r f th p n n . n th r r p f h l r h ld th t th r th ,cababah, th a i un
" ll th rd nd th r pl r l r b d p n th p tt rn fail l d f r th n l r nd fa' al [J3] f r th pl r l. t
Lisän al Arab, V l. p. 8. MuiamMaqayis al-Lughah, V l. , p. , l x l ntr : 4
6 The Definition of al-Salaf al-Salih and
Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama ah
D f n t n f a Sa a
• L X L N N F TH Rn L : "Salaf [it] th pl r l ofsalif L L h h b d p n th p tt rn bads rd, > nd haras nd k a i 2 rv nt, & khadarn [fir] 9`) Salif n pr d r nd Salaf n pr d n r p. ,,91 bn F r t t : " l n LH, l L (j nd l F r t h h nd t pr d n nd nt d n . d r v t n f th r t al- Salaf h h n th h h v p d n, nd sallaf r p . . pr d r . ,,92
• TH (L L N N F TH T R L L F L L b L lL Th r r n b r f p n n h ld b th h l r th r p t t d f n n th Salaf al-Salih fr t p r p t v : . rt n h l r l t th ppl t n f th t r t th sahabah ( p n n l n , th pl r f ll h b p n th ll. 2. th r h l r rt th t th r th ,cababah nd th a i an ( t d nt nd r f th p n n . n th r r p f h l r h ld th t th r th ,cababah, th a i un
" ll th rd nd th r pl r l r b d p n th p tt rn fail l d f r th n l r nd fa' al [J3] f r th pl r l. t
Lisän al Arab, V l. p. 8. MuiamMaqayis al-Lughah, V l. , p. , l x l ntr : 4
6 nd th tabi'u al-tabi` in ( t d nt nd r t th r Th r pt n t th th d l th r f r rr t nd p r f th p n n bl l n p r n dh r t t nd t n nd pr n pl n n Th rr t nd n p n n h ld b th j r t f th h l r h p r v r n r n nd b l f nd t n n r nt th f Ahl al-Sunnah wa l Jama ah th t th nt nd d n n f al- th nd r t nd n f th thr f v r d n r t n p r n h Salaf al-,5'alih r th thr f v r d n r t n , h x ll n p sale th d l . th Pr ph t ( b r tn t h n h d: "The best of genera- • PR N PL F TH L F TH D L tions is the generation in which I have been sent, then those who suc- ceed them, then those who succeed them." Th hadith r d p n". t p bl t n l p f th p ll r nd pr n pl f th l f th d l nt th f ll n p nt : th Salaf al-41lb r th p n n , th r r nd th r
b nt r . . T r t l nd t l l d f n th t xt f th B nd Sunnah nd t nd r t nd th n n h f ll th r p th nd nd t h lf rd n t th r th d l salafi, n r pt n t th . 2. T nf n n lf th r rd t th b v , t th r p rt tr n tt d fr th p n n , th r r nd th r r Al-Salafiyyah th t r d n t d t th th d l th t th Pr ph t n t rn, n r l t n t th xpl n t n nd nd r t nd n f th nd th f v r d n r t n ft r h pr d d p n. Th r n nd ahadith. Th h v d b : th d l ll r n nt l ll h ll br n H nd. Th n r f r n t th h d th: "There will not cease to be a group from ( x rt n ff rt t rd d t n h n th th nt r p rt amongst this umnzah that will be victorious upon the truth. Those who fr th n th nt nd, forsake them will not harm them, up until the command of their Lord ( x rt n ff rt t rd n t th r n n nd will come to pass them, and they will (at that time) be in this same state. "96 n n nd r t nd n f t.
93 Warariyyah Ahl al-Sunnah bayou al-Firaq, Dr. h d B r , pp. 2 4 nd . T t n rd n th th n l d nd nd r t nd n , r Kitab Luzarn allansa' ah, Dr. J l B t, pp. 2 6 2 . n n pr ht p n th , b t n b l f th ht, h r t r r
t r l t d b l B h r , ( , 6 & 460 nd l , 84 & 8 . p h, nd t b fr nd d t nt fr v r th n th t pp nd n ll f t. T f rth r xpl n, t p r p t v b n t th r t pr l d f n th Sataf ( th t f t r, h h f nd n th rd ralaf (pr d r th h 4. T n n nv t n t th th b th t n nd l b . b n h n t n th f r t thr n r t n . ( th th d l f t r, h h f nd n th rd xatib (r ht th n t b p n th t h h th Pr ph t n h dh r t th pr n pl f b l f nd t n p n th ( p n n b l f, p h nd t n. salafi th d l , b ll h ll. Th p n n , th r t d nt nd b nt t d nt th r f r tr l f t th t tl . f r th pr nt n th f r t thr n r t n h r n t p n th rr t th d l th n th r n f t th Salaf al-Tallh [:4,23‘ LL . , th nr ht pr d r . h l r h v h v r b t d t n th n r l t r al- Salaf, , h h nl nt n th t f t r, t p f ll n th Salaf afSqlzh. t 'Mayan Fadl' al-Salaf' ala al-Khalaf, bn R j b, pp. 0 2, nd Ural tiqad R l t d b l n h „Sahib, 2 . Ahl al-Sunnah, v l. , pp. 0.
68 6 nd th tabi'u al-tabi` in ( t d nt nd r t th r Th r pt n t th th d l th r f r rr t nd p r f th p n n bl l n p r n dh r t t nd t n nd pr n pl n n Th rr t nd n p n n h ld b th j r t f th h l r h p r v r n r n nd b l f nd t n n r nt th f Ahl al-Sunnah wa l Jama ah th t th nt nd d n n f al- th nd r t nd n f th thr f v r d n r t n p r n h Salaf al-,5'alih r th thr f v r d n r t n , h x ll n p sale th d l . th Pr ph t ( b r tn t h n h d: "The best of genera- • PR N PL F TH L F TH D L tions is the generation in which I have been sent, then those who suc- ceed them, then those who succeed them." Th hadith r d p n". t p bl t n l p f th p ll r nd pr n pl f th l f th d l nt th f ll n p nt : th Salaf al-41lb r th p n n , th r r nd th r
b nt r . . T r t l nd t l l d f n th t xt f th B nd Sunnah nd t nd r t nd th n n h f ll th r p th nd nd t h lf rd n t th r th d l salafi, n r pt n t th . 2. T nf n n lf th r rd t th b v , t th r p rt tr n tt d fr th p n n , th r r nd th r r Al-Salafiyyah th t r d n t d t th th d l th t th Pr ph t n t rn, n r l t n t th xpl n t n nd nd r t nd n f th nd th f v r d n r t n ft r h pr d d p n. Th r n nd ahadith. Th h v d b : th d l ll r n nt l ll h ll br n H nd. Th n r f r n t th h d th: "There will not cease to be a group from ( x rt n ff rt t rd d t n h n th th nt r p rt amongst this umnzah that will be victorious upon the truth. Those who fr th n th nt nd, forsake them will not harm them, up until the command of their Lord ( x rt n ff rt t rd n t th r n n nd will come to pass them, and they will (at that time) be in this same state. "96 n n nd r t nd n f t.
93 Warariyyah Ahl al-Sunnah bayou al-Firaq, Dr. h d B r , pp. 2 4 nd . T t n rd n th th n l d nd nd r t nd n , r Kitab Luzarn allansa' ah, Dr. J l B t, pp. 2 6 2 . n n pr ht p n th , b t n b l f th ht, h r t r r
t r l t d b l B h r , ( , 6 & 460 nd l , 84 & 8 . p h, nd t b fr nd d t nt fr v r th n th t pp nd n ll f t. T f rth r xpl n, t p r p t v b n t th r t pr l d f n th Sataf ( th t f t r, h h f nd n th rd ralaf (pr d r th h 4. T n n nv t n t th th b th t n nd l b . b n h n t n th f r t thr n r t n . ( th th d l f t r, h h f nd n th rd xatib (r ht th n t b p n th t h h th Pr ph t n h dh r t th pr n pl f b l f nd t n p n th ( p n n b l f, p h nd t n. salafi th d l , b ll h ll. Th p n n , th r t d nt nd b nt t d nt th r f r tr l f t th t tl . f r th pr nt n th f r t thr n r t n h r n t p n th rr t th d l th n th r n f t th Salaf al-Tallh [:4,23‘ LL . , th nr ht pr d r . h l r h v h v r b t d t n th n r l t r al- Salaf, , h h nl nt n th t f t r, t p f ll n th Salaf afSqlzh. t 'Mayan Fadl' al-Salaf' ala al-Khalaf, bn R j b, pp. 0 2, nd Ural tiqad R l t d b l n h „Sahib, 2 . Ahl al-Sunnah, v l. , pp. 0.
68 6 • PR F F R TH BL T N T F LL TH L F ndl , fr th nn h: L Llb. ND T DH R T TH R TH D L . Th t t nt f th Pr ph t ( : "The best of people are my F r tl , fr th N bl r n: generation, then those who succeed them, then those who succeed them " im ll h (td ala) : Th x ll n nd dn h h th Pr ph t ( tt t d t f r th thr n r t n , n nd t n f th r pr f r n , pr d n
.. "L i nd j t r n ll th r n l d f ll h l nd n t n dh r n t th f H n r ( . Th f ll n (Modish ph th (v rt :
h ,: . v L04 2. Th n r t t nt: "Th J pl t p nt v nt " nd th f r r, th f r t fr n t th Mu a i a nd th n r, n t , th hr t n pl t p nt v nt t t nd th nd th h f ll d th n r ht n , ll h pl d th umnzah ll pl t p nt v nt thr t ll f th r n th th nd th r pl d th H . nd H h pr p r d f r th F r x pt n ." n d: " h h th t n 0 n rd n f h h r v r fl b l , b d n th r n f r v r, th t r f ll h " H r pl d: " h v r p n th t h h p n th r t ."" t d nd p n n ." 102 Th h d th th t sahib ( Th , ll h nr rv dl pl d th th h j r n nd n r, th nt nd mash-bur ( ll n n . nd pl d th th h f ll th n r ht n . 99 . H ( n : "...f r nd d, th h ll t ll b l v f ll h (ta" ala) l : t r ll n d ff r n h ld f t t nn h nd t th nn h f th r htl d d Khalifahs ft r . dh r t nd l n t htl t t nd b r f n l nv nt d tt r , f r z,, tLP , v r n l nv nt d tt r n nn v t n nd v r nn v " nd h v r pp th n r ft r th d n h b t n d v t n." 193 l rl n f t t h nd f ll p th th r th n th t f th b l v r , h ll l v h t th t h h h h d pt d nd l nd H n , th Pr ph t ( n r d h ummah t f ll h nn h h n H ll h t n v l d t n t n " nd th nn h f th r htl d d h l f h ft r h t th p ll h thr t n th h f ll d ff r nt p th t th p n n p r n f pl t nd d ff r n . th th p n h nt f H ll, nd n th pr v ayah, H pr H pl r t th h f ll th .
n t r l t d b l B h r , ( , 6 & 460 nd l , 84 & 8 . r h l T b h ( : 00 102 R l t d b l D d, 4 6 4 l T r dh , 2640 264 h d, (2 . . th tt n nt f ll h pl r f r th p n n r , h r f r 2, 20, 4 & 4 20 nd bn j h, . th h ft r th th n t r nt d, t d p nd nt p n th r d h r n t th f th p n n n r ht n ( . . n b l f nd t n . t " R l t d b h d, 4 26 2 b D d, 460 l T r dh , 26 6 l D r , 44 nd th r . r h (4 : .
0 • PR F F R TH BL T N T F LL TH L F ndl , fr th nn h: L Llb. ND T DH R T TH R TH D L . Th t t nt f th Pr ph t ( : "The best of people are my F r tl , fr th N bl r n: generation, then those who succeed them, then those who succeed them " im ll h (td ala) : Th x ll n nd dn h h th Pr ph t ( tt t d t f r th thr n r t n , n nd t n f th r pr f r n , pr d n
.. "L i nd j t r n ll th r n l d f ll h l nd n t n dh r n t th f H n r ( . Th f ll n (Modish ph th (v rt :
h ,: . v L04 2. Th n r t t nt: "Th J pl t p nt v nt " nd th f r r, th f r t fr n t th Mu a i a nd th n r, n t , th hr t n pl t p nt v nt t t nd th nd th h f ll d th n r ht n , ll h pl d th umnzah ll pl t p nt v nt thr t ll f th r n th th nd th r pl d th H . nd H h pr p r d f r th F r x pt n ." n d: " h h th t n 0 n rd n f h h r v r fl b l , b d n th r n f r v r, th t r f ll h " H r pl d: " h v r p n th t h h p n th r t ."" t d nd p n n ." 102 Th h d th th t sahib ( Th , ll h nr rv dl pl d th th h j r n nd n r, th nt nd mash-bur ( ll n n . nd pl d th th h f ll th n r ht n . 99 . H ( n : "...f r nd d, th h ll t ll b l v f ll h (ta" ala) l : t r ll n d ff r n h ld f t t nn h nd t th nn h f th r htl d d Khalifahs ft r . dh r t nd l n t htl t t nd b r f n l nv nt d tt r , f r z,, tLP , v r n l nv nt d tt r n nn v t n nd v r nn v " nd h v r pp th n r ft r th d n h b t n d v t n." 193 l rl n f t t h nd f ll p th th r th n th t f th b l v r , h ll l v h t th t h h h h d pt d nd l nd H n , th Pr ph t ( n r d h ummah t f ll h nn h h n H ll h t n v l d t n t n " nd th nn h f th r htl d d h l f h ft r h t th p ll h thr t n th h f ll d ff r nt p th t th p n n p r n f pl t nd d ff r n . th th p n h nt f H ll, nd n th pr v ayah, H pr H pl r t th h f ll th .
n t r l t d b l B h r , ( , 6 & 460 nd l , 84 & 8 . r h l T b h ( : 00 102 R l t d b l D d, 4 6 4 l T r dh , 2640 264 h d, (2 . . th tt n nt f ll h pl r f r th p n n r , h r f r 2, 20, 4 & 4 20 nd bn j h, . th h ft r th th n t r nt d, t d p nd nt p n th r d h r n t th f th p n n n r ht n ( . . n b l f nd t n . t " R l t d b h d, 4 26 2 b D d, 460 l T r dh , 26 6 l D r , 44 nd th r . r h (4 : .
0 Th rdl , fr th t t nt f th Salaf al-Salzb nd th r f ll r : . l z l d: "Knowledge is that which emanates from the Com- panions of Muhammad, as for anything else besides this, it is not knowl- . bd ll h bn nd, ll h b pl d th h , d: "Peo- ple will not cease to be in good as long as knowledge emanating from the edge". h d, ll h h v r p n h , l d th . Companions of Muhammad and their elders reach them. If however, 8. l z l d: "Patiently restrict yourself upon the Sunnah, stop knowledge comes to them by way of their young and their desires diversify, where the people (i.e. the Companions) stopped, say what they say and they will be ruined". 04 refrain from that which they refrained. Traverse upon the path of your Salaf al-Salih, for indeed what was sufficient for them is sufficient for 2. H l d: "Whoever amongst you seeks to adopt a path, should take 0 109 to the way of the dead, since the living are not safe and secure from being you . put to trial. They, the Companions ofMuhammad (A), possessed the most . l H n l B r n th r n h n h nt n d th pious hearts of this ummah, were the most profound in knowledge and the p n n f h d ( . H th n r r d: "They possessed the least constraint of this ummah. A people whom Allah chose for the com- most pious hearts of this uminah, were the most profound in knowledge panionship of His Prophet (A) and the establishment of His religion. So and the least constraint. A people, whom Allah chose for the companion- know their rights and adhere to their guidance, for they indeed were upon ship of His Prophet (A), so emulate their character and way, for by the the straight way". 1°5 Lord of the Ka' bah, they are upon the straight path". 11° . H l d: "We emulate and do not set precedents, we follow and do 0. b H n f h, ll h h v r p n h , t n d: not innovate, and we will not deviate as long as we hold on to the narra- "What is your comment on the speech innovated by the people regarding - , 106 florist . al-A` rad and al-Ajsam?" He replied: "Statements of the philosophers! Take to the narrations and the way of the Salaf and beware of every newly- 4. H l d: "Follow and do not innovate, for ndeed you have been sufficed invented matter for it is indeed an innovation"/" "Hold fast to the narrations of the Salaf even if peo- . H dh f h bn l n, ll h b pl d th h , d: "0 . l z d: ple abandon you. Beware of the opinions of men, no matter how much assembly of reciters! Remain upright and take to the way of those before they beautify it with their speech, for indeed the matter will become mani- you. For by Allah, if you (choose to) follow them then know that you have fest whilst you will be upon the correct straight path concerning it". 112 been outstripped by a long distance, and if you take to the right or left (of their path) then you will be upon severe deviation." im 2. h h T h d: "It is a must upon every Mus- lim, who testifies that none has the right to be worshipped except Allah and 6. j h d d: "The scholars are the Companions ofMuhammad (A)". that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, that his basic intention be to single out Allah in his worship of Him alone, without any partner and to AI-Zuhd f bn l b r , p. 28 n rr t n n b r 8 . obey His Messenger. m jami Bayan al-' Ilm wa Fadhh, 2 . II " Al-Shari ah f l j rr , p . 8. °6 Shot Usal ltiqad Ahl al-Sunnah f l L l r , n rr t n n b r . "/and Bayan al-' Ilm, 2 . 0 Al-Bida" tva al-Nahy anha f bn l l h, p . . $awn al-Mantiq f l t , 22. 8 Th nd th f ll n t n rr t n r n Jam/ Bayan Ilm, 2 2 . u Al-Madknai i a al-Satan f l B h , n b r 2 .
2 Th rdl , fr th t t nt f th Salaf al-Salzb nd th r f ll r : . l z l d: "Knowledge is that which emanates from the Com- panions of Muhammad, as for anything else besides this, it is not knowl- . bd ll h bn nd, ll h b pl d th h , d: "Peo- ple will not cease to be in good as long as knowledge emanating from the edge". h d, ll h h v r p n h , l d th . Companions of Muhammad and their elders reach them. If however, 8. l z l d: "Patiently restrict yourself upon the Sunnah, stop knowledge comes to them by way of their young and their desires diversify, where the people (i.e. the Companions) stopped, say what they say and they will be ruined". 04 refrain from that which they refrained. Traverse upon the path of your Salaf al-Salih, for indeed what was sufficient for them is sufficient for 2. H l d: "Whoever amongst you seeks to adopt a path, should take 0 109 to the way of the dead, since the living are not safe and secure from being you . put to trial. They, the Companions ofMuhammad (A), possessed the most . l H n l B r n th r n h n h nt n d th pious hearts of this ummah, were the most profound in knowledge and the p n n f h d ( . H th n r r d: "They possessed the least constraint of this ummah. A people whom Allah chose for the com- most pious hearts of this uminah, were the most profound in knowledge panionship of His Prophet (A) and the establishment of His religion. So and the least constraint. A people, whom Allah chose for the companion- know their rights and adhere to their guidance, for they indeed were upon ship of His Prophet (A), so emulate their character and way, for by the the straight way". 1°5 Lord of the Ka' bah, they are upon the straight path". 11° . H l d: "We emulate and do not set precedents, we follow and do 0. b H n f h, ll h h v r p n h , t n d: not innovate, and we will not deviate as long as we hold on to the narra- "What is your comment on the speech innovated by the people regarding - , 106 florist . al-A` rad and al-Ajsam?" He replied: "Statements of the philosophers! Take to the narrations and the way of the Salaf and beware of every newly- 4. H l d: "Follow and do not innovate, for ndeed you have been sufficed invented matter for it is indeed an innovation"/" "Hold fast to the narrations of the Salaf even if peo- . H dh f h bn l n, ll h b pl d th h , d: "0 . l z d: ple abandon you. Beware of the opinions of men, no matter how much assembly of reciters! Remain upright and take to the way of those before they beautify it with their speech, for indeed the matter will become mani- you. For by Allah, if you (choose to) follow them then know that you have fest whilst you will be upon the correct straight path concerning it". 112 been outstripped by a long distance, and if you take to the right or left (of their path) then you will be upon severe deviation." im 2. h h T h d: "It is a must upon every Mus- lim, who testifies that none has the right to be worshipped except Allah and 6. j h d d: "The scholars are the Companions ofMuhammad (A)". that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, that his basic intention be to single out Allah in his worship of Him alone, without any partner and to AI-Zuhd f bn l b r , p. 28 n rr t n n b r 8 . obey His Messenger. m jami Bayan al-' Ilm wa Fadhh, 2 . II " Al-Shari ah f l j rr , p . 8. °6 Shot Usal ltiqad Ahl al-Sunnah f l L l r , n rr t n n b r . "/and Bayan al-' Ilm, 2 . 0 Al-Bida" tva al-Nahy anha f bn l l h, p . . $awn al-Mantiq f l t , 22. 8 Th nd th f ll n t n rr t n r n Jam/ Bayan Ilm, 2 2 . u Al-Madknai i a al-Satan f l B h , n b r 2 .
2 He is to remain upon this, following it wherever he finds it, and he should which none of them have asserted, but rather have said other than it, it is know that the best of creation after the Prophets are the Companions. indeed a false saying." " He should not therefore, offer absolute and unrestricted allegiance to any D f n t n o A a -Su a one person except the Messenger of Allah. Nor should he offer absolute and unrestricted allegiance to any one group except the Companions; as the Th h l r t t th t tl `Ahl al-Sunnah wa l-Jarrid di' n Guidance remains with the Messenger, wherever he remains, and it re- t d f th t r al-Salaf. mains with his Companions and no one else's companions, wherever they Th t r h t nn t t n n th f th h l r : remain. . Th r p f n n : If they are in agreement, they never ever agree upon something incorrect, al-Salaf. Ahl al-Sunnah in contrast to the companions of a particular scholar, as they could agree Th n n t th n n f th t r upon something incorrect. In fact, everything that they (i.e. companions of wa ah r th r f r th p n n , th r , th r b a particular scholar) have asserted to which none other from amongst this nt r nd th h l r f d n h f ll th r ummah has asserted, can be nothing but incorrect, since the religion that nd tr v r th r p th ll ll th h f ll th fr Allah has sent His Messenger with is not conferred to any single scholar n t th r t f th ummah. and his companions. If this was so, that person would be an equal to the Th n n th r f r xp l ll th t f nn v t n nd p pl Messenger of Allah (A) and this is similar to the belief of the Raficlah f d r . regarding the infallible Imam'. nn h pl d h r n pp t n t nn v t n (bid' ah) nd al- Moreover, it is a must that the Companions and their successors were aware ama' ah ( bl pl d h r n pp t n t p r t n of that truth with which Allah had sent His Messenger, well before the (furqah). presence of those who are followed; those whom the madhhabs (i.e. schools bn bb , ll h b pl d th h , nt t d n th ayah: of thought) are attributed to, in relation to both fundamental and subsidi- ary matters. 03? 9 t9T9L?1/4:11-3 It is impossible for them to bring about a truth, which opposes what the " n th d h n f ll b h t nd f ll . 4 Messenger brought, as everything that opposes the Messenger is falsehood. b bl ... It is also impossible for them to know of something emanating from the H d: "The faces of Ahl al-Sunnah wa l-Janza ah will become white Messenger which opposes (the knowledge and understanding of) the Com- and the faces of Ahl al-Bid ah wa l-Fterqah will become black". " panions and their successors in righteousness, as they (i.e. the Companions) Th p rt l r nn t t n th n n th t nt nd d n th did not unite upon any deviation. So his (i.e. a followed imam's) saying, if ahadith h h p rt n t dh r n t th Tama' ah nd t th pr h b true, has to be taken from that which the Messenger brought and present t n f pl tt n . with someone before him.
Every statement in the religion of Islam which lies in opposition to that M nh j l S nn h, 262 26 . which the Companions and their successors in righteousness were upon, Sa a Im ä ( : 06
pS f r Ibn K th r 0.
4 He is to remain upon this, following it wherever he finds it, and he should which none of them have asserted, but rather have said other than it, it is know that the best of creation after the Prophets are the Companions. indeed a false saying." " He should not therefore, offer absolute and unrestricted allegiance to any D f n t n o A a -Su a one person except the Messenger of Allah. Nor should he offer absolute and unrestricted allegiance to any one group except the Companions; as the Th h l r t t th t tl `Ahl al-Sunnah wa l-Jarrid di' n Guidance remains with the Messenger, wherever he remains, and it re- t d f th t r al-Salaf. mains with his Companions and no one else's companions, wherever they Th t r h t nn t t n n th f th h l r : remain. . Th r p f n n : If they are in agreement, they never ever agree upon something incorrect, al-Salaf. Ahl al-Sunnah in contrast to the companions of a particular scholar, as they could agree Th n n t th n n f th t r upon something incorrect. In fact, everything that they (i.e. companions of wa ah r th r f r th p n n , th r , th r b a particular scholar) have asserted to which none other from amongst this nt r nd th h l r f d n h f ll th r ummah has asserted, can be nothing but incorrect, since the religion that nd tr v r th r p th ll ll th h f ll th fr Allah has sent His Messenger with is not conferred to any single scholar n t th r t f th ummah. and his companions. If this was so, that person would be an equal to the Th n n th r f r xp l ll th t f nn v t n nd p pl Messenger of Allah (A) and this is similar to the belief of the Raficlah f d r . regarding the infallible Imam'. nn h pl d h r n pp t n t nn v t n (bid' ah) nd al- Moreover, it is a must that the Companions and their successors were aware ama' ah ( bl pl d h r n pp t n t p r t n of that truth with which Allah had sent His Messenger, well before the (furqah). presence of those who are followed; those whom the madhhabs (i.e. schools bn bb , ll h b pl d th h , nt t d n th ayah: of thought) are attributed to, in relation to both fundamental and subsidi- ary matters. 03? 9 t9T9L?1/4:11-3 It is impossible for them to bring about a truth, which opposes what the " n th d h n f ll b h t nd f ll . 4 Messenger brought, as everything that opposes the Messenger is falsehood. b bl ... It is also impossible for them to know of something emanating from the H d: "The faces of Ahl al-Sunnah wa l-Janza ah will become white Messenger which opposes (the knowledge and understanding of) the Com- and the faces of Ahl al-Bid ah wa l-Fterqah will become black". " panions and their successors in righteousness, as they (i.e. the Companions) Th p rt l r nn t t n th n n th t nt nd d n th did not unite upon any deviation. So his (i.e. a followed imam's) saying, if ahadith h h p rt n t dh r n t th Tama' ah nd t th pr h b true, has to be taken from that which the Messenger brought and present t n f pl tt n . with someone before him.
Every statement in the religion of Islam which lies in opposition to that M nh j l S nn h, 262 26 . which the Companions and their successors in righteousness were upon, Sa a Im ä ( : 06
pS f r Ibn K th r 0.
4 lth h th nn t t n r p f n n n , t h v r h h bn T h d: " h t nt b th t r A th t n n f nd nd d n th t t nt f th h l a Su a : r . . Th h ff r th K i a a f th thr k a i a s th n l d 2. Th r n r l n n : ll th r p th r th n th a i a . Th nn t t n n l d th n t f th nn v t d t h n 2. t l b d t n A a a u nd nn h n t p r nd h r th r p t n n p f l n r nt th th t n . n n nt r nt th nd r t nd n x pt th h p t n f th Sa a , h h t v r n t p f r p. ff r th ttr b t f r ll h th t H h h th t th Th nn t t n h b n d t l r d r b f t t p Qu a n t r t d th t ll h ll b n n th H r ft r nd l t n t th f ll n p f nd t n : h ff r Qa a , ll th r t f th ll n n f nd nt l h ld b th p pl f l d th nd nn h". . t n r rd t p rt l r p rt n n t b l f h h l l t r d th t t r b n n th f r t 2. t d n pp t n t rt n d t n t r p . , , th p pl f th n r l nn h, nd th l b l n 8 n x pl f th th ppl t n f th t r n pp t n r f r n t v r n h n t a i i. t th a i a n th f th K i a a nd th p n n l6 . Th nd t r 4,L ■ ,,,H , th p pl f th p f n th r f r n th nt xt th t th h ttr b t th lv nn h, . . A a i . t l r t r p : n xpl n t n f th B l f o A a Su a n th A a Su a nd N nd ttr b t f ll h 2 Th a i a . Th b l f f A a Su a r rd n th N nd ttr b t f f th r p f nn v t n h th As a i a nd th r ll h n f b l f n ll th t h b n nt n d n th r n nd nt r nt th t r A a Su a b r n f th r r nt th th p t n f th Sa a n th t f K i a a nd th p n n , h n th d ff r n nd d p t rr d b t n th Sa a nd th a i a . a Su a 2 22 , n v r t f h d bn d d pr nt. h h l l : "Th r n d bt th t th ( . . th a i a r th t d t nt f th r p f nn v t r fr th B nd nn h. Th h th b th ll n n, n th n r l p p l , f r pp n th nn h. h, 6 . . r rd n th h n r, v n r t n nd r t p t n th p n n h ld, th t th n r l f th umma d n t n f n n h pp d t th nn am a nn th n h th r th b t f r t n ft r th Pr ph t nd n r nd r t b l t d th r th n th a ic ( . . h h . h n n f th rt , a a awa, 6. n th i f r th b l f th t th h ld th v rt nd r n d p n h n b th I am o a e04i ( . . n t f th h : h ." Ma m r ht n d r n th Pr ph t l f ll ft r h d nt l th r n Th t r Wi a i (p pl f h d th t lf rr d ff r nt nn t t n . t p n l , th pt n f th v l d t f th k i a a f th f r t thr t t d t r pr nt A a Su a n ntr t t AM a Ka am nd p pl f nd r t t p n n , b B r, r nd ( th n, ll h b pl d th nn v t n nd th th n n nt nd d b v . t th r t t d t n th ll. t th p f ll nn t d t th n f l d th. f
6 lth h th nn t t n r p f n n n , t h v r h h bn T h d: " h t nt b th t r A th t n n f nd nd d n th t t nt f th h l a Su a : r . . Th h ff r th K i a a f th thr k a i a s th n l d 2. Th r n r l n n : ll th r p th r th n th a i a . Th nn t t n n l d th n t f th nn v t d t h n 2. t l b d t n A a a u nd nn h n t p r nd h r th r p t n n p f l n r nt th th t n . n n nt r nt th nd r t nd n x pt th h p t n f th Sa a , h h t v r n t p f r p. ff r th ttr b t f r ll h th t H h h th t th Th nn t t n h b n d t l r d r b f t t p Qu a n t r t d th t ll h ll b n n th H r ft r nd l t n t th f ll n p f nd t n : h ff r Qa a , ll th r t f th ll n n f nd nt l h ld b th p pl f l d th nd nn h". . t n r rd t p rt l r p rt n n t b l f h h l l t r d th t t r b n n th f r t 2. t d n pp t n t rt n d t n t r p . , , th p pl f th n r l nn h, nd th l b l n 8 n x pl f th th ppl t n f th t r n pp t n r f r n t v r n h n t a i i. t th a i a n th f th K i a a nd th p n n l6 . Th nd t r 4,L ■ ,,,H , th p pl f th p f n th r f r n th nt xt th t th h ttr b t th lv nn h, . . A a i . t l r t r p : n xpl n t n f th B l f o A a Su a n th A a Su a nd N nd ttr b t f ll h 2 Th a i a . Th b l f f A a Su a r rd n th N nd ttr b t f f th r p f nn v t n h th As a i a nd th r ll h n f b l f n ll th t h b n nt n d n th r n nd nt r nt th t r A a Su a b r n f th r r nt th th p t n f th Sa a n th t f K i a a nd th p n n , h n th d ff r n nd d p t rr d b t n th Sa a nd th a i a . a Su a 2 22 , n v r t f h d bn d d pr nt. h h l l : "Th r n d bt th t th ( . . th a i a r th t d t nt f th r p f nn v t r fr th B nd nn h. Th h th b th ll n n, n th n r l p p l , f r pp n th nn h. h, 6 . . r rd n th h n r, v n r t n nd r t p t n th p n n h ld, th t th n r l f th umma d n t n f n n h pp d t th nn am a nn th n h th r th b t f r t n ft r th Pr ph t nd n r nd r t b l t d th r th n th a ic ( . . h h . h n n f th rt , a a awa, 6. n th i f r th b l f th t th h ld th v rt nd r n d p n h n b th I am o a e04i ( . . n t f th h : h ." Ma m r ht n d r n th Pr ph t l f ll ft r h d nt l th r n Th t r Wi a i (p pl f h d th t lf rr d ff r nt nn t t n . t p n l , th pt n f th v l d t f th k i a a f th f r t thr t t d t r pr nt A a Su a n ntr t t AM a Ka am nd p pl f nd r t t p n n , b B r, r nd ( th n, ll h b pl d th nn v t n nd th th n n nt nd d b v . t th r t t d t n th ll. t th p f ll nn t d t th n f l d th. f
6 th th nt nn h b f ff r n nd n t n h r ppr h d, ll h h v r p n h , d: "Allah is not to pr t . r lt, th : be described except with what He Himself and His Messenger have de- scribed Him with; we do not exceed the boundaries of the Qur'an and . N ll h th th N th t H h N d H lf th Sunnah." th d n t dd t n r t fr n f th N . h h l l bn T h d: "... nd th f th Salaf f 2. ff r nd d r b ll h (' azza wa jalla) th h t H h d th ummah nd t Imams th t th d r b ll h th th t h h r b d H lf th n H B r p n th t n f H H H lf nd H n r h v d r b d H th: th t n r ( , th t tt n n tabrif r ta'til , n r n takyff tail to`til nd th t n takyif n r samba. ff r t n th r tamthil. n t n tamthil ( l t d , l v t n nd x lt t n th t n a . N t f r ll h th t h h H H lf h n t d fr H ( nv l d t n ff r n th ttr b t nd n t n n r bl n lf n H B r p n th t n f H n r h d t r t n. ll h (ta' ala) , ( th th b l f th t ll h d p t d th th pp t f th t 120 , , n t d tt r n t p rf t n . Ahl al-Sunnah h v th r f r tr v r d p n th th d l f th `...Th r n th n l H ... r n nd th th nt nn h n th r p t v r n r t Th r f t t n f th mumaththilah 2 tr b t f ll h (subbanahu) nt n d n th B r th nt nn h fr th r f ff r t n, b th t bl t r t ff r th . f r th f n t n, t n t n t ll th ... nd H th ll H r r, th ll n v r t p f d f t nd d f n th t pp H p rf t n, Th r f t t n f th Mu' attilah 2 . th th nd t r b l f th t th pp t f th t n t d tt r ff r d n t p rf t n . th r d l r t n n rn n th ttr b t b lt p n t f n d nt l : 2° . . h n ll h f r x pl , n H B , n t ppr n fr H lf, th Th f r t, th t ll h (subhanahu wa ta ala) b l t l x lt d nd b H h r t r d th b l t nd p rf t J t . Th r n h n t n f l t t nt l th ff r t n f th l t th t pp t t t h n t l v t d b v h r t r t f p rf t n h l b r, l p, n rn r L rd (ta ala), th t r n t n n t pr n t lf n th pr v n p b l t , n r n nd n. x pl r rd n ppr n f r n t n , p r n n b h r t r d th n t Th nd, th t H h r t r d th ttr b t f p rf t n, b n ppr v b t n t b h j t nd f r b t n t d b h th t f th , h h n b l t r p r t ppr n n v n f h d r d t d h h d n t nt l n p rf t n n th n nn r n h h , h h lf n f t b th ppr d th n t n f ppr n n rn n H p , th ttr b t , n th n f H r t n l r t h p r n n t pr f h . Th n t th r rd n r L rd h v r, n f h ttr b t . f r H th ll P rf l h d H h , b t d n t nd n v r ppr b f H p rf t nd b l t J t . nt pl t v r th pr n pl nd n d r t nd t t ll v n x pl f n , f h t tr l l r f ll h n th 121 Pl r l f mumaththil: d r f tatntlal. t nn r f r Salaf. h l r f t n, n nl tr n p r h n n rr tl nd r 22 r h l h r (42 : . t nd th pr n pl th dh r d t , h h r n n th r th n h t th Din h br ht. t 2 Pl r l f mu will: d r f a til. t
8 th th nt nn h b f ff r n nd n t n h r ppr h d, ll h h v r p n h , d: "Allah is not to pr t . r lt, th : be described except with what He Himself and His Messenger have de- scribed Him with; we do not exceed the boundaries of the Qur'an and . N ll h th th N th t H h N d H lf th Sunnah." th d n t dd t n r t fr n f th N . h h l l bn T h d: "... nd th f th Salaf f 2. ff r nd d r b ll h (' azza wa jalla) th h t H h d th ummah nd t Imams th t th d r b ll h th th t h h r b d H lf th n H B r p n th t n f H H H lf nd H n r h v d r b d H th: th t n r ( , th t tt n n tabrif r ta'til , n r n takyff tail to`til nd th t n takyif n r samba. ff r t n th r tamthil. n t n tamthil ( l t d , l v t n nd x lt t n th t n a . N t f r ll h th t h h H H lf h n t d fr H ( nv l d t n ff r n th ttr b t nd n t n n r bl n lf n H B r p n th t n f H n r h d t r t n. ll h (ta' ala) , ( th th b l f th t ll h d p t d th th pp t f th t 120 , , n t d tt r n t p rf t n . Ahl al-Sunnah h v th r f r tr v r d p n th th d l f th `...Th r n th n l H ... r n nd th th nt nn h n th r p t v r n r t Th r f t t n f th mumaththilah 2 tr b t f ll h (subbanahu) nt n d n th B r th nt nn h fr th r f ff r t n, b th t bl t r t ff r th . f r th f n t n, t n t n t ll th ... nd H th ll H r r, th ll n v r t p f d f t nd d f n th t pp H p rf t n, Th r f t t n f th Mu' attilah 2 . th th nd t r b l f th t th pp t f th t n t d tt r ff r d n t p rf t n . th r d l r t n n rn n th ttr b t b lt p n t f n d nt l : 2° . . h n ll h f r x pl , n H B , n t ppr n fr H lf, th Th f r t, th t ll h (subhanahu wa ta ala) b l t l x lt d nd b H h r t r d th b l t nd p rf t J t . Th r n h n t n f l t t nt l th ff r t n f th l t th t pp t t t h n t l v t d b v h r t r t f p rf t n h l b r, l p, n rn r L rd (ta ala), th t r n t n n t pr n t lf n th pr v n p b l t , n r n nd n. x pl r rd n ppr n f r n t n , p r n n b h r t r d th n t Th nd, th t H h r t r d th ttr b t f p rf t n, b n ppr v b t n t b h j t nd f r b t n t d b h th t f th , h h n b l t r p r t ppr n n v n f h d r d t d h h d n t nt l n p rf t n n th n nn r n h h , h h lf n f t b th ppr d th n t n f ppr n n rn n H p , th ttr b t , n th n f H r t n l r t h p r n n t pr f h . Th n t th r rd n r L rd h v r, n f h ttr b t . f r H th ll P rf l h d H h , b t d n t nd n v r ppr b f H p rf t nd b l t J t . nt pl t v r th pr n pl nd n d r t nd t t ll v n x pl f n , f h t tr l l r f ll h n th 121 Pl r l f mumaththil: d r f tatntlal. t nn r f r Salaf. h l r f t n, n nl tr n p r h n n rr tl nd r 22 r h l h r (42 : . t nd th pr n pl th dh r d t , h h r n n th r th n h t th Din h br ht. t 2 Pl r l f mu will: d r f a til. t
8 Th f ll n r f th t xt th t l r f th : creation, He wrote in a Book, which is with Him above His Throne, that . H (ta'ala) n : His Mercy overcomes His Anger." 28 th r rd t n t n, th Pr ph t ( h d: "Lower your voices, j„.4, L,t f :6 : d ., 4 for you are not invoking a deaf nor absent oner 2 H ( l d: "Th r n th n l H nd H th ll H r r, th ll r." "Indeed, Allah is not one-eyed." 0 nd h ( d: "Allah does not ...There is nothing like Him...' th r p t t n t n. ... and sleep, and it is not befitting to Him that He sleep. " He is the All-Hearer, the All-Seer.' th r p t t ff r t n. xpl n t n f th d l r t n o A a Su a `... th t a y 2. H n , th t H h: a i n r a nd th t n aky n r am i Tawbid al-Asma wa I-Sifat f nd nt ll pp d b th f ll n " nd p t r tr t n th v r L v n n h d n t..." 2 t tt r : 'And put your trust in the Ever Living One...' th r p t t ff r I. Al-Ta' til t n. Who dies not...' th r p t t n t n. 2. Al-Tashbth nd al-Tamthil . H n , th t H h: h v r n t th ttr b t f th L rd nd r nd r th v d h n ff t d h tawhid ( f ll h ntr b v rt f h t ofta' til (n ll f t n f th ttr b t . " ll h, n n h th r ht t b r h pp d b t H , Th v r L v n , Th lf t n r nd pp rt r f ll. N th r l b r n r h v r l n ll h t H r t n r d l r H t b th n l p v rt H ..." 26 f H r t n h l d h tawhid ( f ll h ntr b v r 2 'Allah...' nd ... The Ever Living, The Self-Sustainer and Supporter t f h t f tashbfh nd tamthil (l n n . of all...' th r p t t ff r t n. '...None has the right to be worshipped but He...' nd ...Neither slumber nor sleep overtakes Him...' THE MEANING OF '...WITHOUT ANY TAHRIF NOR TA' th r p t t n t n. Th xpr n d t n h th b l f ofAhl al-Sunnah fr th b f r t xt fr th Sunnah: l f f th p pl f ta c it/. th r rd t ff r t n, th r r th (f ll n t t nt f th Pr ph t ( : "Our Lord, (' azza wa jalla), descends to the lowest heaven when the last third of the night remains." I2 nd "When Allah created the "Al-Bukhari, 6/287 hadith number 194 and Muslim, 4/2107 hadith number 14.
114 Snob al-Sham (42):1 I. 2 A1-Bukhari 13/372 hadith number 7386.
12) Sarah al-Furgan (25):58. 'Agreed upon. Al-Bukhari, 13/90 and Muslim 18/59.
26 Surah al-Baciarah (2):255. Muslim in his Sahib, 1/111.
' A1-Bukhari, 3/229 and Muslim, 1/521 hadith number 68. al-Juyash p. 36.
80 8 Th f ll n r f th t xt th t l r f th : creation, He wrote in a Book, which is with Him above His Throne, that . H (ta'ala) n : His Mercy overcomes His Anger." 28 th r rd t n t n, th Pr ph t ( h d: "Lower your voices, j„.4, L,t f :6 : d ., 4 for you are not invoking a deaf nor absent oner 2 H ( l d: "Th r n th n l H nd H th ll H r r, th ll r." "Indeed, Allah is not one-eyed." 0 nd h ( d: "Allah does not ...There is nothing like Him...' th r p t t n t n. ... and sleep, and it is not befitting to Him that He sleep. " He is the All-Hearer, the All-Seer.' th r p t t ff r t n. xpl n t n f th d l r t n o A a Su a `... th t a y 2. H n , th t H h: a i n r a nd th t n aky n r am i Tawbid al-Asma wa I-Sifat f nd nt ll pp d b th f ll n " nd p t r tr t n th v r L v n n h d n t..." 2 t tt r : 'And put your trust in the Ever Living One...' th r p t t ff r I. Al-Ta' til t n. Who dies not...' th r p t t n t n. 2. Al-Tashbth nd al-Tamthil . H n , th t H h: h v r n t th ttr b t f th L rd nd r nd r th v d h n ff t d h tawhid ( f ll h ntr b v rt f h t ofta' til (n ll f t n f th ttr b t . " ll h, n n h th r ht t b r h pp d b t H , Th v r L v n , Th lf t n r nd pp rt r f ll. N th r l b r n r h v r l n ll h t H r t n r d l r H t b th n l p v rt H ..." 26 f H r t n h l d h tawhid ( f ll h ntr b v r 2 'Allah...' nd ... The Ever Living, The Self-Sustainer and Supporter t f h t f tashbfh nd tamthil (l n n . of all...' th r p t t ff r t n. '...None has the right to be worshipped but He...' nd ...Neither slumber nor sleep overtakes Him...' THE MEANING OF '...WITHOUT ANY TAHRIF NOR TA' th r p t t n t n. Th xpr n d t n h th b l f ofAhl al-Sunnah fr th b f r t xt fr th Sunnah: l f f th p pl f ta c it/. th r rd t ff r t n, th r r th (f ll n t t nt f th Pr ph t ( : "Our Lord, (' azza wa jalla), descends to the lowest heaven when the last third of the night remains." I2 nd "When Allah created the "Al-Bukhari, 6/287 hadith number 194 and Muslim, 4/2107 hadith number 14.
114 Snob al-Sham (42):1 I. 2 A1-Bukhari 13/372 hadith number 7386.
12) Sarah al-Furgan (25):58. 'Agreed upon. Al-Bukhari, 13/90 and Muslim 18/59.
26 Surah al-Baciarah (2):255. Muslim in his Sahib, 1/111.
' A1-Bukhari, 3/229 and Muslim, 1/521 hadith number 68. al-Juyash p. 36.
80 8 • Th n n f a i a t t p x pl f a a ak ( th n n o a : : Th f r t x pl h n n th I a f H ( a a a n : a i l n t ll n h n , b t t n, n l n t n nd d v r n . tf L ( , a " nd ll h p d r tl t " t l l n n : t t rn th t xt fr th t h h th r Th h n d fr th t v t th bj t v th t t ll p n, th r b d r tl nt t n th r b r v n th t n t d r d l , L Tl . . p t ll h nd ll h d d n t fr th r l t h h th p nt t h l t n l d n th x t 6 p t h . n f th rd n t lf. h n f e a miyya tt d th a i some f th p pl n ld l n d f n t n: t t rn th t xt fr f a i r pl d: " h t ll d th H n : t nd t n nd rr tn t th n b d it. t ( , . L 4 4 0 r r""... a i n th r f aw i a Au a wa $ a n t h n th " nd h n t th t nd pl pp nt d b , nd t l rd n f th t xt r l t d t th N nd ttr b t r h L rd p t ft. th r n n fr th n n nt nd d b ll h. p n th t th p rp tr t r o a i was tt rl d f t d nd l ft d b ( t p o a i : f nd d. 138 a y is f t t p : n th r x pl th t f th Mu ac i a d rt n h l r Th f r t t p : Si f th t l rd n ( a f th r b l n t h th r t p bl t r d th rd tn- n th t v th r p t t th aya : t d f n t n t r v th t l rd fr t pr p r pl . Th n b n f t d n f r d ff r nt : . dd n t th rd 2. tt n fr th rd r h l N (4 : 64.
. h n n v l th t r l t d t a i . 6 . . . th v l n th nd f th rd ,,:rd h n d fr dammah [ft] t fatbah 4. h n n v l th t n t r l t d t I a . H. Th ll h n th n n t 'And Masa spoke directly to Allah'. Th b n f t d r v d fr th , f r th d n r f ttr b t , th t th ayah ll n l n r nt n th ttr b t n f p h t ll h. t
r h l r t. ( : 4 .
8 B r n f th n tr t n f th ayah, t p bl t n p l t t n th al-Mursalah, 2 . nn r d n th th f r r ayah. t 4 Th t d f th nd h n f th nd f rd th t r lt fr p r t r : . . b h n n th v l t th nd f th rd ,}° ( fr kasrah IA t t n n th . n f th n r pr nt t n f th h n n th v l f dammah ft th ayah ld th n r d 'The Most Beneficent is above the Throne which th l t l tt r f rd. t ascended'. t
82 8 • Th n n f a i a t t p x pl f a a ak ( th n n o a : : Th f r t x pl h n n th I a f H ( a a a n : a i l n t ll n h n , b t t n, n l n t n nd d v r n . tf L ( , a " nd ll h p d r tl t " t l l n n : t t rn th t xt fr th t h h th r Th h n d fr th t v t th bj t v th t t ll p n, th r b d r tl nt t n th r b r v n th t n t d r d l , L Tl . . p t ll h nd ll h d d n t fr th r l t h h th p nt t h l t n l d n th x t 6 p t h . n f th rd n t lf. h n f e a miyya tt d th a i some f th p pl n ld l n d f n t n: t t rn th t xt fr f a i r pl d: " h t ll d th H n : t nd t n nd rr tn t th n b d it. t ( , . L 4 4 0 r r""... a i n th r f aw i a Au a wa $ a n t h n th " nd h n t th t nd pl pp nt d b , nd t l rd n f th t xt r l t d t th N nd ttr b t r h L rd p t ft. th r n n fr th n n nt nd d b ll h. p n th t th p rp tr t r o a i was tt rl d f t d nd l ft d b ( t p o a i : f nd d. 138 a y is f t t p : n th r x pl th t f th Mu ac i a d rt n h l r Th f r t t p : Si f th t l rd n ( a f th r b l n t h th r t p bl t r d th rd tn- n th t v th r p t t th aya : t d f n t n t r v th t l rd fr t pr p r pl . Th n b n f t d n f r d ff r nt : . dd n t th rd 2. tt n fr th rd r h l N (4 : 64.
. h n n v l th t r l t d t a i . 6 . . . th v l n th nd f th rd ,,:rd h n d fr dammah [ft] t fatbah 4. h n n v l th t n t r l t d t I a . H. Th ll h n th n n t 'And Masa spoke directly to Allah'. Th b n f t d r v d fr th , f r th d n r f ttr b t , th t th ayah ll n l n r nt n th ttr b t n f p h t ll h. t
r h l r t. ( : 4 .
8 B r n f th n tr t n f th ayah, t p bl t n p l t t n th al-Mursalah, 2 . nn r d n th th f r r ayah. t 4 Th t d f th nd h n f th nd f rd th t r lt fr p r t r : . . b h n n th v l t th nd f th rd ,}° ( fr kasrah IA t t n n th . n f th n r pr nt t n f th h n n th v l f dammah ft th ayah ld th n r d 'The Most Beneficent is above the Throne which th l t l tt r f rd. t ascended'. t
82 8 "Th t B n f nt nd d b v th Thr n " N° Th nt rpr t t n f H ( a a a n : Th nt nt n b h nd th a was t th n n n ttr b t f th r t n ( . . th Thr n r th r th n th t f th r t r. 4 nd r L rd ll ..." " Th nd t p : a i f th n n t n nd th comma f r L rd ll ... t d f n t n t h n th n n f th rd n fr t rr t ll h h nt n d th a nd n r d t h n H d d. n t n th r h l t p n th pp r n f th t l rd n . 42 Th f a t n r n ll fr th J , th r ll Th d f n t n ld l b : t t rn th n n fr t nd r nd d nd t pr f nt n th . Th r n f t th l d r nd t n nd r l t nd t v th rd n n n f n th r rd pr d r f th h t a i Th h n d nd d t rt d t l v l th b th h r . n f th t xt th n th T r h. f r th f th t xt th t pr v d t d ff lt t h n , th h n d th r n n . h, Th th t p f a i h h th p pl f Ka am h th ll h p f ll t d th nd n th r n t n th th Mu aui a d lv d nt , xp nd d p n nd n d a wi ( nt rpr t t n . Th n f t f l nd nn v t d f t r n l , h h f a i w th r b l n h n pr v f l r t th. Th Rafidah h v pr d d l n th r l n nd d, th r d p t v l l . Th f ll n r x pl f a i f n n : L th a miyya , f r th d pt d th th d th r Th xpl n t n f th Mu a i a th t L. " n n, n J h br th r n rn n a f th t xt . , H o sei e co que n H ( a u n : Fr v n p r p t v th h tt d a i n th t l S , :4: f rd n r r th n th h tt d a i n th n n , "Th t B n f nt nd d b v th Thr n " nd t fr n th r p r p t v , th h tt d a i n th Th n n f h nd, t n essi g a owe n th H ( a a a n n r r th n th h tt d a i n th rd n . n : Th h tt d a i f rd n h n d b th th rd n nd n n f t xt fr t r n l t t , th rr pt d b th "...N , b th H H nd r d l t tr t h d..." " th rd n nd n n . h r th h tt d a i n
4 Sarah al.-Fajr (89):22.
4 t r h T h (20):5. 6 Allah has mentioned this fact in many places, such as: "D v t th t th ll b l v n r r l n h n p rt f th (J h 4 .4 , awa i a Mu sa a , 1/218. r bb d t h r th rd f ll h (th T r t , th n th d t h n t
42 A $a a iq a Mu a a a , 1/201. n n l ft r th h d nd r t d t " Sarah al-Bayarah (2):75
Surah Taha (20):5. " n t th J r h d pl rd fr th r r ht pl ..." r h a isa (4):46 [t] 44 Sarah al-Ma'idah (5 ):64.
84 8 "Th t B n f nt nd d b v th Thr n " N° Th nt rpr t t n f H ( a a a n : Th nt nt n b h nd th a was t th n n n ttr b t f th r t n ( . . th Thr n r th r th n th t f th r t r. 4 nd r L rd ll ..." " Th nd t p : a i f th n n t n nd th comma f r L rd ll ... t d f n t n t h n th n n f th rd n fr t rr t ll h h nt n d th a nd n r d t h n H d d. n t n th r h l t p n th pp r n f th t l rd n . 42 Th f a t n r n ll fr th J , th r ll Th d f n t n ld l b : t t rn th n n fr t nd r nd d nd t pr f nt n th . Th r n f t th l d r nd t n nd r l t nd t v th rd n n n f n th r rd pr d r f th h t a i Th h n d nd d t rt d t l v l th b th h r . n f th t xt th n th T r h. f r th f th t xt th t pr v d t d ff lt t h n , th h n d th r n n . h, Th th t p f a i h h th p pl f Ka am h th ll h p f ll t d th nd n th r n t n th th Mu aui a d lv d nt , xp nd d p n nd n d a wi ( nt rpr t t n . Th n f t f l nd nn v t d f t r n l , h h f a i w th r b l n h n pr v f l r t th. Th Rafidah h v pr d d l n th r l n nd d, th r d p t v l l . Th f ll n r x pl f a i f n n : L th a miyya , f r th d pt d th th d th r Th xpl n t n f th Mu a i a th t L. " n n, n J h br th r n rn n a f th t xt . , H o sei e co que n H ( a u n : Fr v n p r p t v th h tt d a i n th t l S , :4: f rd n r r th n th h tt d a i n th n n , "Th t B n f nt nd d b v th Thr n " nd t fr n th r p r p t v , th h tt d a i n th Th n n f h nd, t n essi g a owe n th H ( a a a n n r r th n th h tt d a i n th rd n . n : Th h tt d a i f rd n h n d b th th rd n nd n n f t xt fr t r n l t t , th rr pt d b th "...N , b th H H nd r d l t tr t h d..." " th rd n nd n n . h r th h tt d a i n
4 Sarah al.-Fajr (89):22.
4 t r h T h (20):5. 6 Allah has mentioned this fact in many places, such as: "D v t th t th ll b l v n r r l n h n p rt f th (J h 4 .4 , awa i a Mu sa a , 1/218. r bb d t h r th rd f ll h (th T r t , th n th d t h n t
42 A $a a iq a Mu a a a , 1/201. n n l ft r th h d nd r t d t " Sarah al-Bayarah (2):75
Surah Taha (20):5. " n t th J r h d pl rd fr th r r ht pl ..." r h a isa (4):46 [t] 44 Sarah al-Ma'idah (5 ):64.
84 8 th n n rr pt d th n n l n nd l ft th rd n n t Th f r t, to" 01 f th r t n fr t F h n r nd r t r. Th r n l t t fr th p r p t v th l tt r r b tt r ff. t p f aid f nd n t th h d n th x t n f th H n , h n th f r r r n t f l n n , th r t r f th n v r , t th b l f f th h r t l th t . h n d th t l rd n nt n th t t bl , th t th Th nd, La' ttl f th r h p f ll h (az= tvajalla), h h n rd n nd n n d r d ld n t l h. n ntl , h n t r nd r v d th r l t f tauibtd nd r h p f ll h l n , h h th d t rt d rd n d, th d t rt d n n ld b n H rv nt r bl d t n t H . Th t p f nd n t d r t d. Th f lt th t t h n th n n fr t tr nd th p pl f shirk, h d r t rt n t f r h p t th r th n t n nd r l t h l t p n th rd n n t p bl t ll h, th ht nd x lt d. ll, th t t h n n th rd n n rd r f r th r r l n n Th th rd ta' itl f ll h (subbanahu) fr H x lt d P rf t n b th r d r d n n t t nd rr t. d l r n v d H N , ttr b t nd t n . 149 Th th rd t p f r th n l h h h h th p rp tr t r f tahrtf n th th n h h nt nd h r ( n r d n . n n r r th n th h p rp tr t d tahrif n th rd n , Th n n th r f r ft ttl n th r f th N nd ttr b t t th f t th t th p rt l r t p th t n n f nd t n t r ll f th N nd ttr b t nd t tr p ll h nd d, t r t pr t nd pr p nd n t th n f th . r n ld t n t n t th d v n ttr b t nd r nt nd n f l . n h d n t ff ntl p th r t d n th r x t n l t f th n f ll h (ta ala). ° r t n l d b d n th B , nn h nd nd r t nd n f th Salaf f th umn2ah th r f r p t t tr l th h r pr nt n b r f r p h v tt d tahrtf nd La' til, th h l r h v t n nd f l f t n . l f d th nd r th n l l b l al-Mtt" attilah hd,C;a1 • Th n n f ll Th Mts" attilah pr f t n r p n :
Th rd La' d l x ll d r v d fr th rd al; Utl [ Th f r t r th Ph l ph r f L: d th r f t t p : h h n t b d t t t , d v d nd n l t d. n x pl f th . Th p r ph l ph r l x l f th rd f nd n th ayah h r ll h (ta ( dla) : 2. Th h r t l ph l ph r . Th nd t p h th n t t r p : th Rtifidah nd th "...a (mu a a a d rt d ll..." 141 Sitfiyyah. . . th n r f th ll n l t d t nd d t dr t r fr t. Th nd n r p n r h al-Kalam [ 5I Ss[]; th r d p f f v r p : Ta`til with r rd t ll h f thr t r 1 ": . Th Jahmiyyah,
149 A i ma Sa l a a a a a u a S a , p. . 147 r h (22 :4 . "S a . 20.
148 Th t r d r tl pp th thr t r f a . Pl r l f th rd mu a i i h h th n n f r th d r f a t
86 8 th n n rr pt d th n n l n nd l ft th rd n n t Th f r t, to" 01 f th r t n fr t F h n r nd r t r. Th r n l t t fr th p r p t v th l tt r r b tt r ff. t p f aid f nd n t th h d n th x t n f th H n , h n th f r r r n t f l n n , th r t r f th n v r , t th b l f f th h r t l th t . h n d th t l rd n nt n th t t bl , th t th Th nd, La' ttl f th r h p f ll h (az= tvajalla), h h n rd n nd n n d r d ld n t l h. n ntl , h n t r nd r v d th r l t f tauibtd nd r h p f ll h l n , h h th d t rt d rd n d, th d t rt d n n ld b n H rv nt r bl d t n t H . Th t p f nd n t d r t d. Th f lt th t t h n th n n fr t tr nd th p pl f shirk, h d r t rt n t f r h p t th r th n t n nd r l t h l t p n th rd n n t p bl t ll h, th ht nd x lt d. ll, th t t h n n th rd n n rd r f r th r r l n n Th th rd ta' itl f ll h (subbanahu) fr H x lt d P rf t n b th r d r d n n t t nd rr t. d l r n v d H N , ttr b t nd t n . 149 Th th rd t p f r th n l h h h h th p rp tr t r f tahrtf n th th n h h nt nd h r ( n r d n . n n r r th n th h p rp tr t d tahrif n th rd n , Th n n th r f r ft ttl n th r f th N nd ttr b t t th f t th t th p rt l r t p th t n n f nd t n t r ll f th N nd ttr b t nd t tr p ll h nd d, t r t pr t nd pr p nd n t th n f th . r n ld t n t n t th d v n ttr b t nd r nt nd n f l . n h d n t ff ntl p th r t d n th r x t n l t f th n f ll h (ta ala). ° r t n l d b d n th B , nn h nd nd r t nd n f th Salaf f th umn2ah th r f r p t t tr l th h r pr nt n b r f r p h v tt d tahrtf nd La' til, th h l r h v t n nd f l f t n . l f d th nd r th n l l b l al-Mtt" attilah hd,C;a1 • Th n n f ll Th Mts" attilah pr f t n r p n :
Th rd La' d l x ll d r v d fr th rd al; Utl [ Th f r t r th Ph l ph r f L: d th r f t t p : h h n t b d t t t , d v d nd n l t d. n x pl f th . Th p r ph l ph r l x l f th rd f nd n th ayah h r ll h (ta ( dla) : 2. Th h r t l ph l ph r . Th nd t p h th n t t r p : th Rtifidah nd th "...a (mu a a a d rt d ll..." 141 Sitfiyyah. . . th n r f th ll n l t d t nd d t dr t r fr t. Th nd n r p n r h al-Kalam [ 5I Ss[]; th r d p f f v r p : Ta`til with r rd t ll h f thr t r 1 ": . Th Jahmiyyah,
149 A i ma Sa l a a a a a u a S a , p. . 147 r h (22 :4 . "S a . 20.
148 Th t r d r tl pp th thr t r f a . Pl r l f th rd mu a i i h h th n n f r th d r f a t
86 8 2. Th Mu' tazilah, n l ht f th d f n t n th r x t d ff r n b t n takyif nd tamthil: . Th Kullabiyyah, T f d n t nt l r tr t n t ( n n r bl n , h r 4. Th Asha' irah, tamthil th b l f th t p rt l r ttr b t r bl ttr b t f nd . Th Maturtdiyyah. th n th r t n. ll d th r p n d t l n p r t t d , b th ll f t th r f r rr t t th t takyif r n r l th n tamthil, ll h. v r t t nt f tamthil n f t t t nt f takyif. Th b rn b th f t th t n h d l r r bl n b t n th TH N N F ... TT F N T F N R T TH L ttr b t f th r t r t th t f r t n h n f t n d t Th xpr n d t n h th b l f f hl al-Sunnah fr th b p rt l r ttr b t p f nd n r l t . H v r, n t v r t t l f f th MushabbThah (p pl f tashbth). nt f talutf t t nt f tamthil b t p f takytf d n t nt n n r bl n t ttr b t f r t n n th t t • Th n n f taluir 2 nt H l n th l t H dth . Th d f n t n f takyif : t d l r th n t b p n p rt Th n n f th t t nt ofAhl al-Sunnah 'without any takytf' l r r l t th t h v n t p f th r bl n . th t n tczkyif th t n n r p. Th n n n t th t h al- n x pl f th th rt n 4 f th Hishamiyyah r rd n Sunnah n t n l t t v d n t n tr ht, v r th n n ll h: "H l n th l t H dth" " r th r d l r t n: "H x t n t b p n rt n r l t . Th n n b h nd th l n th v l nt t v n t th p n f H lf" t t nt th t th n t n n l d f th tr n t r n n n n th r l t f H n nd ttr b t x pt H lf 2 Su ea i g a e y e a s a (subhanahu). 6 ] " AI-gaily' id al-Muthla, age 2 . t v r l r th t d n t p n n l d th r p t t 4 M 6 t al-IslUnnyytn, age . th r l t f H ttr b t ( azza tva jalla) b H (ta ( ala) n is e am e e a es ack o e e i i io ue o is s a eme e ai i g wi i i f r d f th ttr b t b t d d n t nf r f th r r l t . a ec a a io a is e g is u o a a icu a ea i y as i as ee com a e o Th d lv n nt nd tt h nt t th f th r tr n t r n some i g, wi . e ac a i as ee com a e o some i g o w ic r p rt, ll th r f r b h n ft r th t h h h v n n l i s ow ea i y is o k ow i se , is e mea i g o wi ou a i g o s eci y e esem a ce . d f nd n rt n n tt r h h p bl f r t A im o a oi o o e e e is a e use o e e ms is e g a is pr h nd. wi is es ic e e e o ma i es a make c ea e issue ff lf f o e asis a i a s a eme ou wi i is sec . Me io o ese wo a i u es e g a Th h l r h v tr v r d p n t pr n pl n th d n h h wi a e o ou wi i e e ie ofAhl al-Sunnah wi ega s o a i ma io o th t fr th t t nt f l : " l t ( n n ega io as i goes agai s e u es ai ou a me io e ea ie co ce i g s eak i g a ou Allah o y wi e ua oo s. As e e is o me io o ese wo a i u es wi i e Qu a a Su a i is a e o mous o e ce a i o a io o a i m o ega e em. e osi io o Ahl al-Sunnah o suc ma e s is o kee quie a ou a w ic A a a is Messe ge a e ke quie a ou . [ ] Sharh al-Aqidah al-Whsitlyyan,page 2 .
88 8 2. Th Mu' tazilah, n l ht f th d f n t n th r x t d ff r n b t n takyif nd tamthil: . Th Kullabiyyah, T f d n t nt l r tr t n t ( n n r bl n , h r 4. Th Asha' irah, tamthil th b l f th t p rt l r ttr b t r bl ttr b t f nd . Th Maturtdiyyah. th n th r t n. ll d th r p n d t l n p r t t d , b th ll f t th r f r rr t t th t takyif r n r l th n tamthil, ll h. v r t t nt f tamthil n f t t t nt f takyif. Th b rn b th f t th t n h d l r r bl n b t n th TH N N F ... TT F N T F N R T TH L ttr b t f th r t r t th t f r t n h n f t n d t Th xpr n d t n h th b l f f hl al-Sunnah fr th b p rt l r ttr b t p f nd n r l t . H v r, n t v r t t l f f th MushabbThah (p pl f tashbth). nt f talutf t t nt f tamthil b t p f takytf d n t nt n n r bl n t ttr b t f r t n n th t t • Th n n f taluir 2 nt H l n th l t H dth . Th d f n t n f takyif : t d l r th n t b p n p rt Th n n f th t t nt ofAhl al-Sunnah 'without any takytf' l r r l t th t h v n t p f th r bl n . th t n tczkyif th t n n r p. Th n n n t th t h al- n x pl f th th rt n 4 f th Hishamiyyah r rd n Sunnah n t n l t t v d n t n tr ht, v r th n n ll h: "H l n th l t H dth" " r th r d l r t n: "H x t n t b p n rt n r l t . Th n n b h nd th l n th v l nt t v n t th p n f H lf" t t nt th t th n t n n l d f th tr n t r n n n n th r l t f H n nd ttr b t x pt H lf 2 Su ea i g a e y e a s a (subhanahu). 6 ] " AI-gaily' id al-Muthla, age 2 . t v r l r th t d n t p n n l d th r p t t 4 M 6 t al-IslUnnyytn, age . th r l t f H ttr b t ( azza tva jalla) b H (ta ( ala) n is e am e e a es ack o e e i i io ue o is s a eme e ai i g wi i i f r d f th ttr b t b t d d n t nf r f th r r l t . a ec a a io a is e g is u o a a icu a ea i y as i as ee com a e o Th d lv n nt nd tt h nt t th f th r tr n t r n some i g, wi . e ac a i as ee com a e o some i g o w ic r p rt, ll th r f r b h n ft r th t h h h v n n l i s ow ea i y is o k ow i se , is e mea i g o wi ou a i g o s eci y e esem a ce . d f nd n rt n n tt r h h p bl f r t A im o a oi o o e e e is a e use o e e ms is e g a is pr h nd. wi is es ic e e e o ma i es a make c ea e issue ff lf f o e asis a i a s a eme ou wi i is sec . Me io o ese wo a i u es e g a Th h l r h v tr v r d p n t pr n pl n th d n h h wi a e o ou wi i e e ie ofAhl al-Sunnah wi ega s o a i ma io o th t fr th t t nt f l : " l t ( n n ega io as i goes agai s e u es ai ou a me io e ea ie co ce i g s eak i g a ou Allah o y wi e ua oo s. As e e is o me io o ese wo a i u es wi i e Qu a a Su a i is a e o mous o e ce a i o a io o a i m o ega e em. e osi io o Ahl al-Sunnah o suc ma e s is o kee quie a ou a w ic A a a is Messe ge a e ke quie a ou . [ ] Sharh al-Aqidah al-Whsitlyyan,page 2 .
88 8 ll n n, th r l t l t t v d n t n n t n n, p n /man n t p l r nd t b t t n nn v t n". 157 " d n t t f rth (a Am a p r bl f r ll h" X6 . • Th n n o am 8 64 Th h h v tt d tamthil nd takvif r th Mushabbihah nor tamthil". z4" z d h x d d th l t th r rd t th ff r t n f th Al-Mathtl Sibl l x ll n n l nd r v l, nd th d f n t n ttr b t t th l v l f p r n th r t r t r t n. f at-Turnthil [S° 'h] • th b l f th t th ttr b t f th r t r r Th f ll n r p tt d tamthil: l th ttr b t f r t n. 1. Al-Kurramiyyah Th n f t d n th t t nt f th mumaththil h n h Th r th f ll r f h d bn rr l j t n . Th f r x pl : "H h H nd l h nd nd H r n l h r r n r p t t ll n n ll t lv , th n r p r x: n ". t x lt d nd l v t d ll h b v th r t t nt 1. Al- Abidiyyah, Tan2thtl nd tashbth nn t th n n n th nt xt, v n 60 6 th h th r d ff r n b t n th l x ll . 2. Al-Naniyyah, Al-Mumathalah th l t n f th n t n th r fr 3. Al-Zartmyyah, v r n l p t. 4. Al-Ishaqiyyah, A Mus a a a [C :2: ■ th l t n f th n t n th r S. Al-Wahidiyyah, fr t p t . 6. Al-Haysimiyyah. T th xpr n f n t n tamthil r ppr pr t t r th th t xt f th r n h r ll h : 2. Al-Hishamiyyah al-Rafidah al-Imamiyyah Th r th f ll r f H h bn l H l R f d , nd t t J: 4 , th r ttr b t d t H h bn l l J l . B th f th t "Th r n th n (mi i l H ..." 62 nd v d l r fr th Imamiyyah Al-Mushabbihah. rth f nt n h r th t tamthil r p nt th n th Rafidah al-Imamiyyah f ld h r n d th r p n th b l f f th 'A complete discussion on this statement will feature further on in this book. [t] Mu" tazilah th r rd t th nn t d t th ttr b t . Th Zaydiyyah l Sub-heading added by the translator. [t] l th f th n n.
6 [jaj]: doer of t n htt [t]
60 Al Q d l M thM, page 27.
Also note that these two words and their derivatives are being used interchangeably 6 Strah al-Nalal (16):74. throughout this discussion. [t] 64 collective term representing the groups about to be mentioned. It is the plural of 62 Sarah al-Shura (42):11 h bb h, which is the noun representing the doer of t hbth. [t]
0 ll n n, th r l t l t t v d n t n n t n n, p n /man n t p l r nd t b t t n nn v t n". 157 " d n t t f rth (a Am a p r bl f r ll h" X6 . • Th n n o am 8 64 Th h h v tt d tamthil nd takvif r th Mushabbihah nor tamthil". z4" z d h x d d th l t th r rd t th ff r t n f th Al-Mathtl Sibl l x ll n n l nd r v l, nd th d f n t n ttr b t t th l v l f p r n th r t r t r t n. f at-Turnthil [S° 'h] • th b l f th t th ttr b t f th r t r r Th f ll n r p tt d tamthil: l th ttr b t f r t n. 1. Al-Kurramiyyah Th n f t d n th t t nt f th mumaththil h n h Th r th f ll r f h d bn rr l j t n . Th f r x pl : "H h H nd l h nd nd H r n l h r r n r p t t ll n n ll t lv , th n r p r x: n ". t x lt d nd l v t d ll h b v th r t t nt 1. Al- Abidiyyah, Tan2thtl nd tashbth nn t th n n n th nt xt, v n 60 6 th h th r d ff r n b t n th l x ll . 2. Al-Naniyyah, Al-Mumathalah th l t n f th n t n th r fr 3. Al-Zartmyyah, v r n l p t. 4. Al-Ishaqiyyah, A Mus a a a [C :2: ■ th l t n f th n t n th r S. Al-Wahidiyyah, fr t p t . 6. Al-Haysimiyyah. T th xpr n f n t n tamthil r ppr pr t t r th th t xt f th r n h r ll h : 2. Al-Hishamiyyah al-Rafidah al-Imamiyyah Th r th f ll r f H h bn l H l R f d , nd t t J: 4 , th r ttr b t d t H h bn l l J l . B th f th t "Th r n th n (mi i l H ..." 62 nd v d l r fr th Imamiyyah Al-Mushabbihah. rth f nt n h r th t tamthil r p nt th n th Rafidah al-Imamiyyah f ld h r n d th r p n th b l f f th 'A complete discussion on this statement will feature further on in this book. [t] Mu" tazilah th r rd t th nn t d t th ttr b t . Th Zaydiyyah l Sub-heading added by the translator. [t] l th f th n n.
6 [jaj]: doer of t n htt [t]
60 Al Q d l M thM, page 27.
Also note that these two words and their derivatives are being used interchangeably 6 Strah al-Nalal (16):74. throughout this discussion. [t] 64 collective term representing the groups about to be mentioned. It is the plural of 62 Sarah al-Shura (42):11 h bb h, which is the noun representing the doer of t hbth. [t]
0 V R TT L THT L ND V R THTH L Th mu attil : 'If Allah were above the Throne, this would necessi- rf L tate that He is either bigger than the Throne, smaller than it, or of similar Th t r p f a til nd tamthil nd v d ll t b th ta' til size, and all of this is impossible.' nd th r l r rt n . nd tamthil. Th mu' attil th r f r d d n t n v f ll h b n b v th Thr n x pt th t h h h ff r f r n b d v r n th r b d • xpl n t n f h th Mu e a i a t b th a a nd am i (fr r t n . Th n t ( h h h h rt d r r f r th r t n f tamthil, t b f th f t th t h t th lt f th n pt. 6 nd r t d f th N nd ttr b t f ll h th t h h b f tt n f r H r t n. Th r ft r, th pr d d t n t th t n t d p r t v f h t ff r f r ll h n n n th t n pt . b n f H j t nd p f f r H , h r b n n f th n p r bl r t f th ttr b t f r t n r f l l d b nd Th n t n f tashbih nd tamthil n th r p rt, r fl t n th n p n H th n t n f h th r p t t ll h nd nd r t nd n th h ld f H N nd ttr b t , h h th l t r . n d t th nd r t nd n f th N nd ttr b t f H r t n. Th p pl f sa`tit h v tt d f r tr n r n : f r th r t n f ta' til, t b f th n t n n th r p rt f . Th f t th t th l n d th t h h th nd r t d fr th th N nd ttr b t h h ll h d rv nd r b f tt n t t xt t th ttr b t f r t n, nd b l v d th t th t xt n f H . tamthil. Th , th rr d t b th ta' til nd t th l th t rt d ff b d 2. Th r nd r d v d th nd t n f th t xt , h nd t n l r n r bl n nd n l d d b n t n nd r nd r n th th t nt n th ff r t n f ttr b t b f tt n t ll h. v d. . B v rt f th r n t n f th ttr b t th b n t r Th p pl f ta' til d t n h th lv fr th p pl f tamthil f th ttr b t f p rf t n th t ll h tr l d rv . b v rt f th r n t n f th rr t n n f th ttr b t . 6 4. Th d p t d th L rd th th pp t f th ttr b t t n x pl f th b n t n ofta nd tamthil b th Mu' attilah tr b t f th n n l v n , n n t nd n n x t nt. 68 th r rd t th t xt n n n (al-Istiwa) l : • xpl n t n f h th Mus a i a t b th a i nd am 6 0 2. : . : f r th a` lit f th mumaththil, th r fr thr d ff r nt "Th t B n f nt nd d b v th Thr n " 16 n l :
" n th n th t th p pl f fiunthil nd r t d th t th ttr b t r r l n . . th t th n n f ll h th th n n f H r t n, th ttr b t f ll h v n th h th nt t th xtr f d l r n th t h l h t f tamthil nd th f r t t p b f r h th n nt n h th ht pr , h h th ttr b t f r t n h r th p pl f te' til r j t d th t th n n nd n n t n th n n. t f nd n th t xt n f r l ttr b t f r ll h. t ' 65 Al-Ricalah al-TadnaB yyah, p. 80. 66 r h T h (20 L R f r t al-Fatua al-Flamawiyyah, pp. 62 6 . Dar Fajr li al-Turath p bl t n.
2 V R TT L THT L ND V R THTH L Th mu attil : 'If Allah were above the Throne, this would necessi- rf L tate that He is either bigger than the Throne, smaller than it, or of similar Th t r p f a til nd tamthil nd v d ll t b th ta' til size, and all of this is impossible.' nd th r l r rt n . nd tamthil. Th mu' attil th r f r d d n t n v f ll h b n b v th Thr n x pt th t h h h ff r f r n b d v r n th r b d • xpl n t n f h th Mu e a i a t b th a a nd am i (fr r t n . Th n t ( h h h h rt d r r f r th r t n f tamthil, t b f th f t th t h t th lt f th n pt. 6 nd r t d f th N nd ttr b t f ll h th t h h b f tt n f r H r t n. Th r ft r, th pr d d t n t th t n t d p r t v f h t ff r f r ll h n n n th t n pt . b n f H j t nd p f f r H , h r b n n f th n p r bl r t f th ttr b t f r t n r f l l d b nd Th n t n f tashbih nd tamthil n th r p rt, r fl t n th n p n H th n t n f h th r p t t ll h nd nd r t nd n th h ld f H N nd ttr b t , h h th l t r . n d t th nd r t nd n f th N nd ttr b t f H r t n. Th p pl f sa`tit h v tt d f r tr n r n : f r th r t n f ta' til, t b f th n t n n th r p rt f . Th f t th t th l n d th t h h th nd r t d fr th th N nd ttr b t h h ll h d rv nd r b f tt n t t xt t th ttr b t f r t n, nd b l v d th t th t xt n f H . tamthil. Th , th rr d t b th ta' til nd t th l th t rt d ff b d 2. Th r nd r d v d th nd t n f th t xt , h nd t n l r n r bl n nd n l d d b n t n nd r nd r n th th t nt n th ff r t n f ttr b t b f tt n t ll h. v d. . B v rt f th r n t n f th ttr b t th b n t r Th p pl f ta' til d t n h th lv fr th p pl f tamthil f th ttr b t f p rf t n th t ll h tr l d rv . b v rt f th r n t n f th rr t n n f th ttr b t . 6 4. Th d p t d th L rd th th pp t f th ttr b t t n x pl f th b n t n ofta nd tamthil b th Mu' attilah tr b t f th n n l v n , n n t nd n n x t nt. 68 th r rd t th t xt n n n (al-Istiwa) l : • xpl n t n f h th Mus a i a t b th a i nd am 6 0 2. : . : f r th a` lit f th mumaththil, th r fr thr d ff r nt "Th t B n f nt nd d b v th Thr n " 16 n l :
" n th n th t th p pl f fiunthil nd r t d th t th ttr b t r r l n . . th t th n n f ll h th th n n f H r t n, th ttr b t f ll h v n th h th nt t th xtr f d l r n th t h l h t f tamthil nd th f r t t p b f r h th n nt n h th ht pr , h h th ttr b t f r t n h r th p pl f te' til r j t d th t th n n nd n n t n th n n. t f nd n th t xt n f r l ttr b t f r ll h. t ' 65 Al-Ricalah al-TadnaB yyah, p. 80. 66 r h T h (20 L R f r t al-Fatua al-Flamawiyyah, pp. 62 6 . Dar Fajr li al-Turath p bl t n.
2 . H nv l d t d th v r t xt th t ff r th ttr b t h n h , j t H d r b d b n f ll r f v r th n , b n h n d t fr th t h h t r ll p nt t . . th ff r t n n p t nt nd th t H th H r r nd r f ll th n t . nd f n ttr b t b f tt n ll h, t nt rpr t n ll h r t p r bl t ff r f r th n l d nd n p t n , bl n t H r t n. h r t r t p rt l r t th n l d nd p b l t f r t n, th n l , H (subbanahu) b v th Thr n nd th p f 2. h n h l n ll h t H r t n, h n t fr ll h H h r t r t nd r t th t r nn t d t n f H r t n f tt n p rf t n b v rt f p r n th p rf t L rd th th ll h. p rf t r t n. b n b v th n , n t ff r d f r ll h nd d d d th p n th tr ht p th t rd th x . h n h l n ll h t H r t n, h n f t r nd r v d v r pl r . Th ff r d f r ll h th r l t f th N nd t t xt th t xpr th t n th n f H r t n l H , h tr b t nd n t d fr H n r bl n t H r t n. Th r th Oy : p t n th r f r ddl n nd n f d n b t n t Z d v t n . 4 . 4 4 _0 °. CS" 0 "...Th r n th n l H nd H th ll H r r, th ll Th rt d, d r b ll h th th t h h H H lf nd r." °0 H n r ( h v d r b d H , th t n tabrif r ta` ttl nd n tamthil r takvtf.
" nd th r n l r p r bl nt H ." R th r, r t ff r th r l t f th N nd ttr b t , f r th r t f tamthil, th ll th t ll h azza wa jalla) nl nd t n t n r bl n t r t n d n t t ta' til, ddr th th t h h r bl t pr h nd. Th r f r , f ta' uhl , tamthil r pl d n r nt. H h nd d b v th Thr n , th th p r n d n t , H d n t h v t H nd , F , H r n , ht, nd d b v n l v t d t, n th r t p f n n th r L f , p b l t , nd n r d d H nd b v H Thr n . n n f. N r d , H h t H nd l th t f H r t n, F Th Mumaththilah d t n h d th lv b ff r n t p f l th r nd H h H r n , ht, L f , p b l t nd n n n n th t fr th h r t r t f th r t n j t th l th r h r n , ht, l f , p b l t nd n n. Mu' allilah d t n h d th lv b n t n v r n f r th tr n n. R th r, , H h r l n th t n t l th n f H r t n, nd H h r l ttr b t th t r n t l th ttr b t Th d v p t n th t h h th ddl nd b l n d f th f H r t n. unman p n: ll h nd d b v H Thr n n nn r f tt n (tabaraka wa ta' ala), t H j t nd p f t H lf n l nn r, r b l f r rd n H F t H nd , H r n , ht, p h nd n n. Th b l f d n t pr v nt fr nd r t nd n th n n f
im Sarah al-Shura (42):11. th ttr b t nd th r l t ( f th r x t n . t l d n t pr v nt th n h ff r f r ll h n ttr b t f p rf t n t 171 Sarah al-Ikhlas (112):4.
4 . H nv l d t d th v r t xt th t ff r th ttr b t h n h , j t H d r b d b n f ll r f v r th n , b n h n d t fr th t h h t r ll p nt t . . th ff r t n n p t nt nd th t H th H r r nd r f ll th n t . nd f n ttr b t b f tt n ll h, t nt rpr t n ll h r t p r bl t ff r f r th n l d nd n p t n , bl n t H r t n. h r t r t p rt l r t th n l d nd p b l t f r t n, th n l , H (subbanahu) b v th Thr n nd th p f 2. h n h l n ll h t H r t n, h n t fr ll h H h r t r t nd r t th t r nn t d t n f H r t n f tt n p rf t n b v rt f p r n th p rf t L rd th th ll h. p rf t r t n. b n b v th n , n t ff r d f r ll h nd d d d th p n th tr ht p th t rd th x . h n h l n ll h t H r t n, h n f t r nd r v d v r pl r . Th ff r d f r ll h th r l t f th N nd t t xt th t xpr th t n th n f H r t n l H , h tr b t nd n t d fr H n r bl n t H r t n. Th r th Oy : p t n th r f r ddl n nd n f d n b t n t Z d v t n . 4 . 4 4 _0 °. CS" 0 "...Th r n th n l H nd H th ll H r r, th ll Th rt d, d r b ll h th th t h h H H lf nd r." °0 H n r ( h v d r b d H , th t n tabrif r ta` ttl nd n tamthil r takvtf.
" nd th r n l r p r bl nt H ." R th r, r t ff r th r l t f th N nd ttr b t , f r th r t f tamthil, th ll th t ll h azza wa jalla) nl nd t n t n r bl n t r t n d n t t ta' til, ddr th th t h h r bl t pr h nd. Th r f r , f ta' uhl , tamthil r pl d n r nt. H h nd d b v th Thr n , th th p r n d n t , H d n t h v t H nd , F , H r n , ht, nd d b v n l v t d t, n th r t p f n n th r L f , p b l t , nd n r d d H nd b v H Thr n . n n f. N r d , H h t H nd l th t f H r t n, F Th Mumaththilah d t n h d th lv b ff r n t p f l th r nd H h H r n , ht, L f , p b l t nd n n n n th t fr th h r t r t f th r t n j t th l th r h r n , ht, l f , p b l t nd n n. Mu' allilah d t n h d th lv b n t n v r n f r th tr n n. R th r, , H h r l n th t n t l th n f H r t n, nd H h r l ttr b t th t r n t l th ttr b t Th d v p t n th t h h th ddl nd b l n d f th f H r t n. unman p n: ll h nd d b v H Thr n n nn r f tt n (tabaraka wa ta' ala), t H j t nd p f t H lf n l nn r, r b l f r rd n H F t H nd , H r n , ht, p h nd n n. Th b l f d n t pr v nt fr nd r t nd n th n n f
im Sarah al-Shura (42):11. th ttr b t nd th r l t ( f th r x t n . t l d n t pr v nt th n h ff r f r ll h n ttr b t f p rf t n t 171 Sarah al-Ikhlas (112):4.
4 nd r t nd th n n f th ttr b t nd t t l t 2 . th Sunnah d n t th B f ll h nd th nn h f H n r n h ff r f r ll h (subbanahu) H r n nd ht, ff r th r ( th b f r ff r n r n t n N nd ttr b t f r r l t nd x t n nd nd r t nd th r n n , l , th ll h (ta' ala). Th d n t x d th t nf n . , th r rd f r th r t f th r d ttr b t th t b h ld n th t th N nd ttr b t h h h v b n nt n d b f nn r. v n th h, th r n f r t know th r tr r l t ff r t n, t nd t r t ff r th , nd h t v r h b n nd n t r , n ll h (sttbbanahu) d d n t ntr t th rv nt th nt n d b f n t n, t nd t r t n t th . th t, H d d n t d r th t fr th n r d d h r nt th r t " f r tt r th t h n t b n ff r d r n t d, t xpl tl t rd th t. p r bl t t n th r l f th N nd ttr b t . Th F nd t n n h h th B l f o A a Su a n f r th r l f 'Information' (al-A1Mbar) 175 , f th Salaf pr h b th N nd ttr b t f ll h B d t d t nd n t th r th h ll d t n th nd t n th t th p r t b t n d n h nt nt n. f th p r Th b l f ofAhl al-Sunnah n th d n f ll h N nd t nt nd th n tr , h h f tt n f r ll h (ea' ala), t pt tr b t ntr n thr n f nd t n 174 : bl , nd f h nt nd d n n n t f tt n f r ll h ( azza wa jalla), t h t b r j t d nd r f t d". 176 The first foundation: t p imam n ll th N nd ttr b t th t h v b n nt n d n th r n nd th th nt nn h b Th pr h n v t t nt th t th r x t thr d n n th f ff r n nd n t n h r ppr pr t . : The second foundation: t x lt nd l v t ll h (jalla we ala) v r . Th d n f th N , f h h, n n nl d p nd n th nd b v th tt r f n f H ttr b t v r r bl n ttr b t B nd nn h. f H r t n. 2. Th d n f th ttr b t , f h h n, n n nl d The third foundation: t r l n h ll h p f pr h nd n how p nd n th B nd nn h. ll h t ll h r t r d th th ttr b t . . Th d n f nf r t n. n rn n th r , t n t n Th thr f nd t n d t n h nd p r t th b l f ofAhl al-
Sunnah n th d n fr th p pl f a til h th ph l T l n b t Allah (ta' ala) nd d r b n H f ll nd r thr t r : ( ph r nd Ahl al-Kalam- t n nd nd fr th b l f f th p pl D r b n H th H N , (2 D r b n H th H ttr b t . B th th f tamthil - h th Kurramiyyah nd Ilishamiyyah - t th th r. t t r r d p nd nt l l n th B nd th nt nn h. . Th th rd t r h n n t l b t Allah n th t p r bl nd pl Th f r t f nd t n h th n t d t n h n f t r th t t p rt n n h h n t f nd n th B nd nn h b t t n n r r d nd th b l f f Ahl al-Sunnah fr th b l f f th Mu` attilah. Ahl al- t ff r t n l l b f t nd t n f d n n r n n th t d n t nt n n th n ll. H v r, h n n d n t b l n t ll h
2 . . f r n h rt nd l b t b ff t d b th ttr b t thr h l v , f r, N nd ttr b t . x pl f th r h n n f r x pl , 'Allah is present h p , t . t nd n existence' r h n n ll h th r t t thing n x t n . F r d t l d d n n th n n r f r t , f r x pl , al-Qawa' id at-Kulliyyah If al- A1-5(m/fig al-Mursalah, 2 42 426. Anna' we al-Sifat b h h l B r n, p bl h d b Dar l H jr h, . . . t ' 4 Manhaj we Dirasat Li ayat al-Asma wa p. 2 . Rziolah fi Aql we at-Rab f bn T h, V l. 2, pp. 46 4 .
6 nd r t nd th n n f th ttr b t nd t t l t 2 . th Sunnah d n t th B f ll h nd th nn h f H n r n h ff r f r ll h (subbanahu) H r n nd ht, ff r th r ( th b f r ff r n r n t n N nd ttr b t f r r l t nd x t n nd nd r t nd th r n n , l , th ll h (ta' ala). Th d n t x d th t nf n . , th r rd f r th r t f th r d ttr b t th t b h ld n th t th N nd ttr b t h h h v b n nt n d b f nn r. v n th h, th r n f r t know th r tr r l t ff r t n, t nd t r t ff r th , nd h t v r h b n nd n t r , n ll h (sttbbanahu) d d n t ntr t th rv nt th nt n d b f n t n, t nd t r t n t th . th t, H d d n t d r th t fr th n r d d h r nt th r t " f r tt r th t h n t b n ff r d r n t d, t xpl tl t rd th t. p r bl t t n th r l f th N nd ttr b t . Th F nd t n n h h th B l f o A a Su a n f r th r l f 'Information' (al-A1Mbar) 175 , f th Salaf pr h b th N nd ttr b t f ll h B d t d t nd n t th r th h ll d t n th nd t n th t th p r t b t n d n h nt nt n. f th p r Th b l f ofAhl al-Sunnah n th d n f ll h N nd t nt nd th n tr , h h f tt n f r ll h (ea' ala), t pt tr b t ntr n thr n f nd t n 174 : bl , nd f h nt nd d n n n t f tt n f r ll h ( azza wa jalla), t h t b r j t d nd r f t d". 176 The first foundation: t p imam n ll th N nd ttr b t th t h v b n nt n d n th r n nd th th nt nn h b Th pr h n v t t nt th t th r x t thr d n n th f ff r n nd n t n h r ppr pr t . : The second foundation: t x lt nd l v t ll h (jalla we ala) v r . Th d n f th N , f h h, n n nl d p nd n th nd b v th tt r f n f H ttr b t v r r bl n ttr b t B nd nn h. f H r t n. 2. Th d n f th ttr b t , f h h n, n n nl d The third foundation: t r l n h ll h p f pr h nd n how p nd n th B nd nn h. ll h t ll h r t r d th th ttr b t . . Th d n f nf r t n. n rn n th r , t n t n Th thr f nd t n d t n h nd p r t th b l f ofAhl al-
Sunnah n th d n fr th p pl f a til h th ph l T l n b t Allah (ta' ala) nd d r b n H f ll nd r thr t r : ( ph r nd Ahl al-Kalam- t n nd nd fr th b l f f th p pl D r b n H th H N , (2 D r b n H th H ttr b t . B th th f tamthil - h th Kurramiyyah nd Ilishamiyyah - t th th r. t t r r d p nd nt l l n th B nd th nt nn h. . Th th rd t r h n n t l b t Allah n th t p r bl nd pl Th f r t f nd t n h th n t d t n h n f t r th t t p rt n n h h n t f nd n th B nd nn h b t t n n r r d nd th b l f f Ahl al-Sunnah fr th b l f f th Mu` attilah. Ahl al- t ff r t n l l b f t nd t n f d n n r n n th t d n t nt n n th n ll. H v r, h n n d n t b l n t ll h
2 . . f r n h rt nd l b t b ff t d b th ttr b t thr h l v , f r, N nd ttr b t . x pl f th r h n n f r x pl , 'Allah is present h p , t . t nd n existence' r h n n ll h th r t t thing n x t n . F r d t l d d n n th n n r f r t , f r x pl , al-Qawa' id at-Kulliyyah If al- A1-5(m/fig al-Mursalah, 2 42 426. Anna' we al-Sifat b h h l B r n, p bl h d b Dar l H jr h, . . . t ' 4 Manhaj we Dirasat Li ayat al-Asma wa p. 2 . Rziolah fi Aql we at-Rab f bn T h, V l. 2, pp. 46 4 .
6 d t n th t t xt l v d n t bl h t, b t th t p l t n Th x rpt h th xt nt t h h th p pl v pr th t th n n f th t r d n t n ll n . d n t th r Shubah al-' Agliyyah ll th f n t l n l n t n th h v t rd t. t l v d nt t h t th t th Th p pl f ta` til n th th r h nd, d th J ll nt ll t l n , d l r d th th f nd nt l nd th t th Sam' (r v l t n th b f th r n l d . Th Shubah al-' Agliyyah t th r p r nt th pr r b l t f nd nt l . Th f nd nt l r v d nd j d d n l ht f th f nd nt l . Th t h h th r h t ff r nd n t , th r ft r th B nd nn h r v d nd d p r bl pt d, nd th t h h th r nd d nd j d d b th Shubah al-' Ayliyyah. f th t xt f th B nd n t ll , th r d bt n nd d b . nn h r th th f nd nt l , th r pt d nd Th r ft r, th pr d t t ta'wil nd tahrif f th t xt . r pp rt n t pr r . f th l h h v r, th Shari' ah t xt r f n l nt th b f th Aslid irah, f r x pl , n f nd th t r j t d nd d rd d. th l f b l f nt th t n al-Ilahlyyat (D v n tt r , al- n f th d l r n nn t n t th : " v r th n r l t d b th Nubuwat ( tt r p rt n n t Pr ph th d nd al-Sam' iyyat. l: ll al-Sam , l d nt f th nt ll t ll t, n t Th d n t pt th t xt f th B nd nn h n th t n f b l v n t, nd f r th t h h th nt ll t j d t b p bl , al-Ilahiyyat nd al-Nubuwat. rd n l , ll nl f nd n th n t p rf r ta' wit f th t h h th Sam' r l t . t n n t t n Shubah Ayllyyah, h h r ntr v d p n pr n pl v bl f r th Sam' t nt n th n n l v nd d f n t fr l . th t pp th nt ll t. Th pp r nt abadith f tashbih i , t f th r n th nt nd th th nt f th r n t n l v , H z n r t t r r l n fr th p h f ll h r th r th r p n t ta'wil..." 8( nd H n r r fr th h r t f r nd th r t d nt f r th t n f al-Sam iyyat, . . r l t d t th D f R • . . p nd f l r nt th t r l l l n th r tr nt ll t, h h d rr t n nd n r t n, P r d , H ll, pr nd thr t , th n t nl ht n nt fr th l ht f r v l t n. n h f l r nt, h h pt Shari' ah t xt . Th h th n d th t n al-Sam' iyyat p rt n t r d n, th t th ttr b t r t b n t d fr ll h b ( tt r h h r nn t d r n t fr th Sam' ) n t r n th h n nt ll t h h r ll r f r n t th r d r n d nd tr nt ll t al-//ähiyydt al-Nubuwat nd n t th nd nd p r nt ll t d th p r bl f r ll h t tr t t th t n f nd n h h th r l p n th nt ll t. ' 241-Sam', l x ll n h r n . Th t r d t nn t r v l t n, . . th B nd nn h. Th ppr pr t n f th rd b f th f t th t r v l Th p pl r l r n nd t n t th h ll h (ta` et/a) t n tr n tt d b p h, h h n t rn p d p thr h h r n . t p b t h n H d:
H n b th , th a ia i p rt n n t th ttr b t f ll h al-' Itiqa d f b H d l h z l , pp. 2 . H l d n h b l t , 2 8: " v r th n h h th 'ay/ nd t n rn n t t rd n fth t d , th n th r n r f r ntr d t n. n , t p
bl t br t r f l f th v d n nd f nd nt l p rt n n t th aql. f n v d n p rt n n t th Sam r l t d th t n pp t n t th aq , th n th r t n t mu awa i nd h n t ll b n n th t t n t th nt r t mu awa i 6 ACA:_ , nd h n ta'wit is t b d f t nd t ll n l n r b ntr d t r ..."
98 99 d t n th t t xt l v d n t bl h t, b t th t p l t n Th x rpt h th xt nt t h h th p pl v pr th t th n n f th t r d n t n ll n . d n t th r Shubah al-' Agliyyah ll th f n t l n l n t n th h v t rd t. t l v d nt t h t th t th Th p pl f ta` til n th th r h nd, d th J ll nt ll t l n , d l r d th th f nd nt l nd th t th Sam' (r v l t n th b f th r n l d . Th Shubah al-' Agliyyah t th r p r nt th pr r b l t f nd nt l . Th f nd nt l r v d nd j d d n l ht f th f nd nt l . Th t h h th r h t ff r nd n t , th r ft r th B nd nn h r v d nd d p r bl pt d, nd th t h h th r nd d nd j d d b th Shubah al-' Ayliyyah. f th t xt f th B nd n t ll , th r d bt n nd d b . nn h r th th f nd nt l , th r pt d nd Th r ft r, th pr d t t ta'wil nd tahrif f th t xt . r pp rt n t pr r . f th l h h v r, th Shari' ah t xt r f n l nt th b f th Aslid irah, f r x pl , n f nd th t r j t d nd d rd d. th l f b l f nt th t n al-Ilahlyyat (D v n tt r , al- n f th d l r n nn t n t th : " v r th n r l t d b th Nubuwat ( tt r p rt n n t Pr ph th d nd al-Sam' iyyat. l: ll al-Sam , l d nt f th nt ll t ll t, n t Th d n t pt th t xt f th B nd nn h n th t n f b l v n t, nd f r th t h h th nt ll t j d t b p bl , al-Ilahiyyat nd al-Nubuwat. rd n l , ll nl f nd n th n t p rf r ta' wit f th t h h th Sam' r l t . t n n t t n Shubah Ayllyyah, h h r ntr v d p n pr n pl v bl f r th Sam' t nt n th n n l v nd d f n t fr l . th t pp th nt ll t. Th pp r nt abadith f tashbih i , t f th r n th nt nd th th nt f th r n t n l v , H z n r t t r r l n fr th p h f ll h r th r th r p n t ta'wil..." 8( nd H n r r fr th h r t f r nd th r t d nt f r th t n f al-Sam iyyat, . . r l t d t th D f R • . . p nd f l r nt th t r l l l n th r tr nt ll t, h h d rr t n nd n r t n, P r d , H ll, pr nd thr t , th n t nl ht n nt fr th l ht f r v l t n. n h f l r nt, h h pt Shari' ah t xt . Th h th n d th t n al-Sam' iyyat p rt n t r d n, th t th ttr b t r t b n t d fr ll h b ( tt r h h r nn t d r n t fr th Sam' ) n t r n th h n nt ll t h h r ll r f r n t th r d r n d nd tr nt ll t al-//ähiyydt al-Nubuwat nd n t th nd nd p r nt ll t d th p r bl f r ll h t tr t t th t n f nd n h h th r l p n th nt ll t. ' 241-Sam', l x ll n h r n . Th t r d t nn t r v l t n, . . th B nd nn h. Th ppr pr t n f th rd b f th f t th t r v l Th p pl r l r n nd t n t th h ll h (ta` et/a) t n tr n tt d b p h, h h n t rn p d p thr h h r n . t p b t h n H d:
H n b th , th a ia i p rt n n t th ttr b t f ll h al-' Itiqa d f b H d l h z l , pp. 2 . H l d n h b l t , 2 8: " v r th n h h th 'ay/ nd t n rn n t t rd n fth t d , th n th r n r f r ntr d t n. n , t p
bl t br t r f l f th v d n nd f nd nt l p rt n n t th aql. f n v d n p rt n n t th Sam r l t d th t n pp t n t th aq , th n th r t n t mu awa i nd h n t ll b n n th t t n t th nt r t mu awa i 6 ACA:_ , nd h n ta'wit is t b d f t nd t ll n l n r b ntr d t r ..."
98 99 "D th n b l v n p rt f th B nd d b l v n n th r f x lt t n nd l v t n, n rd n th H ( a a a n : p rt. h t th r p n f th h d th t n t „ L4. x pt h l t n n th l f f th rld, nd n th D f t nd n th ll b r t rn d t th t v r t p n h nt, nd ll h n t n r f h t d ." "...Th r n th n l H nd H th ll H r r, th ll r.,0 88, 84 f r th nd f nd t n, th t x lt nd l v t ll h v r nd b v r bl n H r t n, th n t d t n h n f t r th t Th p pl f a i h v r, nd r t d f ll h N nd t t p rt th b l f o A a Su a fr th b l f f th Mu a i a tr b t nl th t h h f tt n f r r t n, ft r h h, th pr fr n v p nt, nd fr th b l f f th Mus a i a fr n d d t n t th n pt n , h h n r l t nl x t d n th r. th r rr pt nd . Th b l f f th Mu a i a b n b th am i nd as i . Th v l n t d fr th rr pt n nd p l A a Su a b l v th t n th n f ll h r t n r bl H l t n f th r h rt th th f lth f t hb h. h n th h rd f n n th ttr b t H h r t r d th. ll h ( a a wa a a h ttr b t f p rf t n, h h ll h pr d H lf th, l H nd d nf r d b t th b th v r t xt f H ht B , n n b v H Thr n , H ppr h 8 n th D f t nd n h n H d: nd th r h ttr b t f j t nd P rf t n t ., th f r t n S 4 T , (, ,(L4 t n th t t th r nd th t th p rt l r ttr b t r bl th ttr b t f r t n. th h rt b t n d th th "...Th r n th n l H nd H th ll H r r, th ll f lth f as i . ll h n t r rd d n rth nn r H r ht r." " f ll d rv nd n r H l r f d n th tr pr rth n n ntl , f p rt l r t xt f th B r nn h nt n n n r, d t th n t n th t th ttr b t f th r t r l th t ttr b t f ll h ( a ia a , t bl t r t b l v n t. n t tr b t f r t n b n th f r t th ht t t h nd. l p n v l nv t n th t th ttr b t t h l v l H n , th h rt f r tl p ll t d th th f lth f as i nd th f p rf t n, n b l t nd l ft n th t t t t ll th t v th n pr pt h t n t ll h ttr b t (i a a wa a a n th r t rr n pr n f l t d b t n ll h nd th t l th t t r bl th ttr b t f r t n. Th , h n t ll tr b t f H r t n. mus a i nd th n nd p mu a i nd d d fr th nd d, t tr l v l t n t l r f ll h nd f r th n t n th t th b nn n t th nd, lt n th L rd f th rld b n t n ttr b t f ll h r bl th ttr b t f H r t n t pr d t H ttr b t p n th l th t th ttr b t r n t f tt n . 86 th p r n nd. t d t p n th b l v n h rt, h h b l v n th ttr b t f ll h th t H Pr ph t pr d nd l r f d H th, t b n th t l r f ll h Cica a wa a a nd n t t b p l r h l h r (42 : . l t d th th f lth f as i , th t th b dr f h h rt d im R f r t Ma i a] wa i asa i aya a Asma wa a ,. pp. 2 22. nd p r , nd p n t p n ima n th ttr b t p n th b n ll h n r h l F jr (8 , aya 2 22: "N h n th rth r nd t p d r, nd r L rd th th n l n r ." t 181 r h l B n r h (2 :8 .
186 R f r t Ma a wa i asa i aya a A a wa a , pp. 20. 18 r h l h r (42 : .
00 0 "D th n b l v n p rt f th B nd d b l v n n th r f x lt t n nd l v t n, n rd n th H ( a a a n : p rt. h t th r p n f th h d th t n t „ L4. x pt h l t n n th l f f th rld, nd n th D f t nd n th ll b r t rn d t th t v r t p n h nt, nd ll h n t n r f h t d ." "...Th r n th n l H nd H th ll H r r, th ll r.,0 88, 84 f r th nd f nd t n, th t x lt nd l v t ll h v r nd b v r bl n H r t n, th n t d t n h n f t r th t Th p pl f a i h v r, nd r t d f ll h N nd t t p rt th b l f o A a Su a fr th b l f f th Mu a i a tr b t nl th t h h f tt n f r r t n, ft r h h, th pr fr n v p nt, nd fr th b l f f th Mus a i a fr n d d t n t th n pt n , h h n r l t nl x t d n th r. th r rr pt nd . Th b l f f th Mu a i a b n b th am i nd as i . Th v l n t d fr th rr pt n nd p l A a Su a b l v th t n th n f ll h r t n r bl H l t n f th r h rt th th f lth f t hb h. h n th h rd f n n th ttr b t H h r t r d th. ll h ( a a wa a a h ttr b t f p rf t n, h h ll h pr d H lf th, l H nd d nf r d b t th b th v r t xt f H ht B , n n b v H Thr n , H ppr h 8 n th D f t nd n h n H d: nd th r h ttr b t f j t nd P rf t n t ., th f r t n S 4 T , (, ,(L4 t n th t t th r nd th t th p rt l r ttr b t r bl th ttr b t f r t n. th h rt b t n d th th "...Th r n th n l H nd H th ll H r r, th ll f lth f as i . ll h n t r rd d n rth nn r H r ht r." " f ll d rv nd n r H l r f d n th tr pr rth n n ntl , f p rt l r t xt f th B r nn h nt n n n r, d t th n t n th t th ttr b t f th r t r l th t ttr b t f ll h ( a ia a , t bl t r t b l v n t. n t tr b t f r t n b n th f r t th ht t t h nd. l p n v l nv t n th t th ttr b t t h l v l H n , th h rt f r tl p ll t d th th f lth f as i nd th f p rf t n, n b l t nd l ft n th t t t t ll th t v th n pr pt h t n t ll h ttr b t (i a a wa a a n th r t rr n pr n f l t d b t n ll h nd th t l th t t r bl th ttr b t f r t n. Th , h n t ll tr b t f H r t n. mus a i nd th n nd p mu a i nd d d fr th nd d, t tr l v l t n t l r f ll h nd f r th n t n th t th b nn n t th nd, lt n th L rd f th rld b n t n ttr b t f ll h r bl th ttr b t f H r t n t pr d t H ttr b t p n th l th t th ttr b t r n t f tt n . 86 th p r n nd. t d t p n th b l v n h rt, h h b l v n th ttr b t f ll h th t H Pr ph t pr d nd l r f d H th, t b n th t l r f ll h Cica a wa a a nd n t t b p l r h l h r (42 : . l t d th th f lth f as i , th t th b dr f h h rt d im R f r t Ma i a] wa i asa i aya a Asma wa a ,. pp. 2 22. nd p r , nd p n t p n ima n th ttr b t p n th b n ll h n r h l F jr (8 , aya 2 22: "N h n th rth r nd t p d r, nd r L rd th th n l n r ." t 181 r h l B n r h (2 :8 .
186 R f r t Ma a wa i asa i aya a A a wa a , pp. 20. 18 r h l h r (42 : .
00 0 h r th r rd t th b l f f th p pl f o i , th t nd p n th r l th t ll h (` a a wa a a nl ddr th th t "... nd th ll n v r n p n th n f H n l d x pt h h n pr h nd. rd n l , f H nf r f H nd, h h H ll ..." Ift? th nl h nd n f th l b ( f r . Th th r f r , l Th r f r , th rv nt h ld b l v n th t h h ll h ( a i a h n d th ttr b t f th r t r t th ttr b t f r t n n , nf r d h f nd b d b t, h h ld thh ld th r rd t H h H nd l h nd. H hl x lt d nd l v t d ll h th t h h h n r nt b t nd ntr t t n n t th n b v th t. h h n l d f t." 88 f r th h tr l n ll h, h tr l b l v n H n f r th Musi a i a , th d lv d d pl nt th f th n t r r nd tr l tt t nd n l d H P rf t n, th ff r f r f ll h ttr b t nd ll d b t ll h th t n l d , ll h ll f H ttr b t nd n t n r bl n t r t n. th d, H h ht l ht, H nd l h nd nd Th , th b n ff r t n th n t n f n r bl n F t l f t. H hl x lt d nd l v t d ll h b v h t (t hb h nd th b n x lt t n nd l v t n th t n t n th . ( a 0 . Th r d n b t n t b d n nd n f d n l r f t n f Th F nd t n b t n t d v t n . TH F R T F ND T N: T P N N LL TH f r th th rd f nd t n, th n t d t n h n f t r th t t N ND TTR B T TH T H V B N NT N D p rt th b l f f A a Su a fr th b l f f th Mus a i a . N TH R N ND TH TH NT NN H B A a Su a ntr t t ll h ( a a wa a a th n l d f h F FF R N ND N T N H R PPR PR T . th r n t r ( a a wa a a t ll h r t r d th th t tr b t . n nd h n n l d f th n t r f ll h ( a a aka Th f nd t n ll f r th f ll n p nt t b b rv d: wa a a a n "n r n xpl n t n f th r l t f n f th n : Th n f n l d n d v n tt r nl r d b ttr b t f r L rd ( a ( a a f r n t b bl t , f r x pl , f th B , nn h nd t t nt f th Sa a f th umma . H nd d n h nn r. n n h d r t d h th n , a i h t t nt n f xtr n th r l n nd l p n ll h n t th r f r b l v th t n l d f th t r f d p nd nt p n t d n th B nd nn h b v rt f th f t ( a a wa a a . I l b l f n th n th t ll h d d n t p r t. r v r, t n t f tt n t H j t nd r tn nd th t th aw i ll f r N nd ttr b t th t r p rt l r. n th r th B n r nn h h v nt n d t. Th r n r t t n n r r n th N nd ttr b t
( a a a nd f h th n d nd d fr th rv nt n th S a i a , ll h th r th n th B nd nn h " b l v n ll h ( a a a nd H n r ( ld h v nf r d f h ll h n th t b t f l N nd t x lt d ttr b t th t p rt n nf r d nd xpl n d v r th n h h th l r n n d f nd th rv nt d n t n f n th n b t ll h x pt th t " r h l B r h (2 :2 . h h H H lf h d n n t th , H ( a i a :
88 Ma i a Qa a , V l. , pp. 26 2 .
02 0 h r th r rd t th b l f f th p pl f o i , th t nd p n th r l th t ll h (` a a wa a a nl ddr th th t "... nd th ll n v r n p n th n f H n l d x pt h h n pr h nd. rd n l , f H nf r f H nd, h h H ll ..." Ift? th nl h nd n f th l b ( f r . Th th r f r , l Th r f r , th rv nt h ld b l v n th t h h ll h ( a i a h n d th ttr b t f th r t r t th ttr b t f r t n n , nf r d h f nd b d b t, h h ld thh ld th r rd t H h H nd l h nd. H hl x lt d nd l v t d ll h th t h h h n r nt b t nd ntr t t n n t th n b v th t. h h n l d f t." 88 f r th h tr l n ll h, h tr l b l v n H n f r th Musi a i a , th d lv d d pl nt th f th n t r r nd tr l tt t nd n l d H P rf t n, th ff r f r f ll h ttr b t nd ll d b t ll h th t n l d , ll h ll f H ttr b t nd n t n r bl n t r t n. th d, H h ht l ht, H nd l h nd nd Th , th b n ff r t n th n t n f n r bl n F t l f t. H hl x lt d nd l v t d ll h b v h t (t hb h nd th b n x lt t n nd l v t n th t n t n th . ( a 0 . Th r d n b t n t b d n nd n f d n l r f t n f Th F nd t n b t n t d v t n . TH F R T F ND T N: T P N N LL TH f r th th rd f nd t n, th n t d t n h n f t r th t t N ND TTR B T TH T H V B N NT N D p rt th b l f f A a Su a fr th b l f f th Mus a i a . N TH R N ND TH TH NT NN H B A a Su a ntr t t ll h ( a a wa a a th n l d f h F FF R N ND N T N H R PPR PR T . th r n t r ( a a wa a a t ll h r t r d th th t tr b t . n nd h n n l d f th n t r f ll h ( a a aka Th f nd t n ll f r th f ll n p nt t b b rv d: wa a a a n "n r n xpl n t n f th r l t f n f th n : Th n f n l d n d v n tt r nl r d b ttr b t f r L rd ( a ( a a f r n t b bl t , f r x pl , f th B , nn h nd t t nt f th Sa a f th umma . H nd d n h nn r. n n h d r t d h th n , a i h t t nt n f xtr n th r l n nd l p n ll h n t th r f r b l v th t n l d f th t r f d p nd nt p n t d n th B nd nn h b v rt f th f t ( a a wa a a . I l b l f n th n th t ll h d d n t p r t. r v r, t n t f tt n t H j t nd r tn nd th t th aw i ll f r N nd ttr b t th t r p rt l r. n th r th B n r nn h h v nt n d t. Th r n r t t n n r r n th N nd ttr b t
( a a a nd f h th n d nd d fr th rv nt n th S a i a , ll h th r th n th B nd nn h " b l v n ll h ( a a a nd H n r ( ld h v nf r d f h ll h n th t b t f l N nd t x lt d ttr b t th t p rt n nf r d nd xpl n d v r th n h h th l r n n d f nd th rv nt d n t n f n th n b t ll h x pt th t " r h l B r h (2 :2 . h h H H lf h d n n t th , H ( a i a :
88 Ma i a Qa a , V l. , pp. 26 2 .
02 0 t H (subhanahu), h h H h nf r d f p n th t n H n , ll h th n h n d nd d r b d H lf th h t f H n r , th t n takyiland pr nt n H n p h, h h th r n. n t fr H v r th n th t d n t b f t H j t nd L , th r n b n n h N nd d r b ll h, h l r , h h H H lf h n t d, th r n n r n l r n l d bl f ll h ft r ll h H lf th n th n r d bl th n H f H lf nd ll th r . H l th t Tr th f ll h ( . ll h h d n rn n h : f l n p h nd th l r t n t bl h n pr f ". 189 4 4 ., 44 n nt f th , th b l f of Ahl al-Sunnah n f b l f n ll "N r d h p f h n d r , t b t n n p r t n th t th t ll h n d nd d r b d H lf th b f ff r t n r n p r d." " n t n. Th f th Pr ph t (J nt n n d t l d ff r Th b th r n b n n h N ll h h r n l t n f H ttr b t , n nn r th t l dd n d th h t , br ht d bl f ll h th n H lf. ll h (ta' ala) : tr n ll t t th h rt nd d iman t ttl n t pr p r pl . 4Ht. Th tt r v n l b r t d t d p r l v l th n th xpl n t n z p f nd nd pr h b t n . t l d f n d nd t bl h d "... r r n l d bl r ll h .." pl t l n v r l nt rt l t n. ll h (ta' ala) : n l ht f th , t d d bl t r p n v r l t b l v n th N f ll h nd n H ttr b t nt n d n th B nd th nn h th t dd n r tt n fr th . "... nd h r tr thf l n p h th n l ht.: l ll h (ea' ala) l : T : R v l t n pl d b f r th nt ll t, th b pr n pl n < ". th r l n th r f r n f pl n nd th nt ll t f ll . L‘ "4. 4>.. Th b l f f Ahl al-Sunnah n th d n ll th r t f th "... nd n n n nf r l n ll n r ( . . ll h ..." 2 r f b l f nd th t f th l th t th nt ll t l n d n t ll h (ta" ala) : h v th th r t t ff r n th n n nn t n t b l f r l . Th r f r th ff r t n n n th r th n th r n nd
"...th n f H H n ll n r" nn h. Th nt ll t nn t pr h nd th N nd ttr b t th t ll h
(sa c ala) d rv , t p r t v t t nd r n th th t xt. 189 Ma i al-Qabul, 0 . Th b th nt ll t n p bl f r p n th r l t f th " r h l B r h (2 : 40. h b ( . . th t h h b nd th n v n f h h dd n t t r r th l t th n t t. Th nt ll t n bl t tt n n m r h (4 : 22.
192 r h l F r ( : 4.
193 r h l F nl n (2 : . 194 r h l N j ( : 4.
04 0 t H (subhanahu), h h H h nf r d f p n th t n H n , ll h th n h n d nd d r b d H lf th h t f H n r , th t n takyiland pr nt n H n p h, h h th r n. n t fr H v r th n th t d n t b f t H j t nd L , th r n b n n h N nd d r b ll h, h l r , h h H H lf h n t d, th r n n r n l r n l d bl f ll h ft r ll h H lf th n th n r d bl th n H f H lf nd ll th r . H l th t Tr th f ll h ( . ll h h d n rn n h : f l n p h nd th l r t n t bl h n pr f ". 189 4 4 ., 44 n nt f th , th b l f of Ahl al-Sunnah n f b l f n ll "N r d h p f h n d r , t b t n n p r t n th t th t ll h n d nd d r b d H lf th b f ff r t n r n p r d." " n t n. Th f th Pr ph t (J nt n n d t l d ff r Th b th r n b n n h N ll h h r n l t n f H ttr b t , n nn r th t l dd n d th h t , br ht d bl f ll h th n H lf. ll h (ta' ala) : tr n ll t t th h rt nd d iman t ttl n t pr p r pl . 4Ht. Th tt r v n l b r t d t d p r l v l th n th xpl n t n z p f nd nd pr h b t n . t l d f n d nd t bl h d "... r r n l d bl r ll h .." pl t l n v r l nt rt l t n. ll h (ta' ala) : n l ht f th , t d d bl t r p n v r l t b l v n th N f ll h nd n H ttr b t nt n d n th B nd th nn h th t dd n r tt n fr th . "... nd h r tr thf l n p h th n l ht.: l ll h (ea' ala) l : T : R v l t n pl d b f r th nt ll t, th b pr n pl n < ". th r l n th r f r n f pl n nd th nt ll t f ll . L‘ "4. 4>.. Th b l f f Ahl al-Sunnah n th d n ll th r t f th "... nd n n n nf r l n ll n r ( . . ll h ..." 2 r f b l f nd th t f th l th t th nt ll t l n d n t ll h (ta" ala) : h v th th r t t ff r n th n n nn t n t b l f r l . Th r f r th ff r t n n n th r th n th r n nd
"...th n f H H n ll n r" nn h. Th nt ll t nn t pr h nd th N nd ttr b t th t ll h
(sa c ala) d rv , t p r t v t t nd r n th th t xt. 189 Ma i al-Qabul, 0 . Th b th nt ll t n p bl f r p n th r l t f th " r h l B r h (2 : 40. h b ( . . th t h h b nd th n v n f h h dd n t t r r th l t th n t t. Th nt ll t n bl t tt n n m r h (4 : 22.
192 r h l F r ( : 4.
193 r h l F nl n (2 : . 194 r h l N j ( : 4.
04 0 p r pt n f th r l t f t l, h h nt n d th n t, b nd ll, ll h (ta' ala) says 6 Sarah al-Isr5/ (17):85. 197 711-Hujjah ft Bayan al-Mabajjah 1/321, abridged. Sarah al-Baciarah (2):256. ' 98 Al-klujjah ft Bayan al-Mabajjah, 1/320. 06 0 p r pt n f th r l t f t l, h h nt n d th n t, b nd ll, ll h (ta' ala) says 6 Sarah al-Isr5/ (17):85. 197 711-Hujjah ft Bayan al-Mabajjah 1/321, abridged. Sarah al-Baciarah (2):256. ' 98 Al-klujjah ft Bayan al-Mabajjah, 1/320. 06 0 Th p pl d th r nd th th r t th t ff r nd n t , th t h n th t pp th nt ll t r f l , nd th n r nd th Sam' bj t d t t. f r v l t n r th th f nd br ht th t h h th nt ll t n p bl f pr h nd n , n t nt l , th r pt d nd r pp rt, n t pr r , nd f th t h h th nt ll t d t b p bl . 200 t pp th , t r j t d nd d rd d. b n f l d p nt: Th l t n f th j l nt ll t. Th n f th r t t f d v t n th t h nt r d nt th ummah. h h l l bn T h d, h r d th (` Aql) nt ll t l th n p r n 2 2. Ahl al-Tasatvwuf (WO, h n r nd f nd f lt th th nt l l t. H r pl d: "Th ( Aql l t f th p r n h bl t r n, f r h r t n th b d , t p rt n t h h rt (lath). ll h (ta' ala) Th h ld th t th h h r t t nd l ft p t n n nl b t : t n d th t th nt ll t, nd th n l d nd ff r , th t th p r nd r j t . e Y t ( t . 4 4 y 6:6 Th pr nt x t n, d nt , t l n h d th p n t "H v th n t tr v ll d thr h th l nd, h r b th h v h rt th pr h nd th..." l v nd th r h tt r nd t t h h n nl b h v d th th t n f th nt ll t nd th n b l t t d t n h. Th b l v n tt r , f h h th nt ll t l rl p nt t th r f l t . Th n r ( alayhint al-Salam) br ht f nd nt l nd th t p rt n t iman, f h h th h n nt ll t n bl t pr h nd th r r l t . B th f th t r p r n r d. D p t th , th h n nt ll t th t p rt l nn t rt, l t l n ff r , th f r Ahl al-Sunnah, th h ld th t th nt ll t nd t n f r p b l t nd n n v b l t f th tt r . F r x pl , th n r n v d t th tt r f h v n [man n th n l , nd th B nd th nt tt n n n l d nd nd t n f r th p rf t n nd rr t nn h r l t n f th r h r t r t , h h b ld r nd d zzl th nd . n f t n . th t, n l d nd t n pl t d b t t Th h n nt ll t nn t nd p nd ntl r n l d f th h r t r n t nd p nd nt n th . t nd t, th p rt l nt ll t, v n f t d n t p b l f n th r v l t n th t h r l t d th nf r t n, nn t rt, l t l n ff r , th p b l t f Th nt ll t n n t n t nd f lt th n th p r n, l th f th x t n f th n l l n th th r h r t r t . ll n t f nd n l lt f ht th n th . f th l ht f iman nd th r n r h tt r th n th ht nd f rd d r l n, h h pr rv d n th r n th nt ll t, t ll b l r t th , h n th l ht f th n r nd th nt nn h, th t th j t nd p r nt ll t bl t d p bl . Th r n n b h nd th th t th Naril al-$abill ( th nt nd tr thf l r l t d nf r f r r h t. t n d n t ntr d t th 'Aril al-Sarin (th p r nd n rr pt d nt ll t f h v r, t t nd l n , t nn t r r p th tt r th t t n b th n t fr n r , Allah ( bh n h to ala). t n p bl f pr h nd n nd p nd ntl . f th nt ll t v n h 'Alajnza' al-Fa/aura 8 , br d d. n t nt r t , p h nd t n th t th nt ll t ll b r pr 20 Th p rt l r x rpt nl p rt f l n th n r, h h h h al-Islam nt t v f n l b h v r. v n r p n t n b r f t n n rn n th 'aril nd rub. R f r t Majmn' al-Fatawa, 2 04. t n n l n, th t t h v d th t th nt ll t r n pl t , N 2( 2 r h l F l jj (22 :46. 08 0 Th p pl d th r nd th th r t th t ff r nd n t , th t h n th t pp th nt ll t r f l , nd th n r nd th Sam' bj t d t t. f r v l t n r th th f nd br ht th t h h th nt ll t n p bl f pr h nd n , n t nt l , th r pt d nd r pp rt, n t pr r , nd f th t h h th nt ll t d t b p bl . 200 t pp th , t r j t d nd d rd d. b n f l d p nt: Th l t n f th j l nt ll t. Th n f th r t t f d v t n th t h nt r d nt th ummah. h h l l bn T h d, h r d th (` Aql) nt ll t l th n p r n 2 2. Ahl al-Tasatvwuf (WO, h n r nd f nd f lt th th nt l l t. H r pl d: "Th ( Aql l t f th p r n h bl t r n, f r h r t n th b d , t p rt n t h h rt (lath). ll h (ta' ala) Th h ld th t th h h r t t nd l ft p t n n nl b t : t n d th t th nt ll t, nd th n l d nd ff r , th t th p r nd r j t . e Y t ( t . 4 4 y 6:6 Th pr nt x t n, d nt , t l n h d th p n t "H v th n t tr v ll d thr h th l nd, h r b th h v h rt th pr h nd th..." l v nd th r h tt r nd t t h h n nl b h v d th th t n f th nt ll t nd th n b l t t d t n h. Th b l v n tt r , f h h th nt ll t l rl p nt t th r f l t . Th n r ( alayhint al-Salam) br ht f nd nt l nd th t p rt n t iman, f h h th h n nt ll t n bl t pr h nd th r r l t . B th f th t r p r n r d. D p t th , th h n nt ll t th t p rt l nn t rt, l t l n ff r , th f r Ahl al-Sunnah, th h ld th t th nt ll t nd t n f r p b l t nd n n v b l t f th tt r . F r x pl , th n r n v d t th tt r f h v n [man n th n l , nd th B nd th nt tt n n n l d nd nd t n f r th p rf t n nd rr t nn h r l t n f th r h r t r t , h h b ld r nd d zzl th nd . n f t n . th t, n l d nd t n pl t d b t t Th h n nt ll t nn t nd p nd ntl r n l d f th h r t r n t nd p nd nt n th . t nd t, th p rt l nt ll t, v n f t d n t p b l f n th r v l t n th t h r l t d th nf r t n, nn t rt, l t l n ff r , th p b l t f Th nt ll t n n t n t nd f lt th n th p r n, l th f th x t n f th n l l n th th r h r t r t . ll n t f nd n l lt f ht th n th . f th l ht f iman nd th r n r h tt r th n th ht nd f rd d r l n, h h pr rv d n th r n th nt ll t, t ll b l r t th , h n th l ht f th n r nd th nt nn h, th t th j t nd p r nt ll t bl t d p bl . Th r n n b h nd th th t th Naril al-$abill ( th nt nd tr thf l r l t d nf r f r r h t. t n d n t ntr d t th 'Aril al-Sarin (th p r nd n rr pt d nt ll t f h v r, t t nd l n , t nn t r r p th tt r th t t n b th n t fr n r , Allah ( bh n h to ala). t n p bl f pr h nd n nd p nd ntl . f th nt ll t v n h 'Alajnza' al-Fa/aura 8 , br d d. n t nt r t , p h nd t n th t th nt ll t ll b r pr 20 Th p rt l r x rpt nl p rt f l n th n r, h h h h al-Islam nt t v f n l b h v r. v n r p n t n b r f t n n rn n th 'aril nd rub. R f r t Majmn' al-Fatawa, 2 04. t n n l n, th t t h v d th t th nt ll t r n pl t , N 2( 2 r h l F l jj (22 :46. 08 0 F rth r r , bn bb t n d, H d d tt n n l th d r r nt nt n. th h rt t b bl t p r v , h n , d H r pl d: th t n th t t n h nd h rt th h rt h th nd th t . th t pr h nd ll . Th t rt fr th br n nd t ff t r b t th br n. n H v r, th t r 9alb' n n: ntl , fr th br n th b nn n nd t t th nd. ( th p n l h p d r l f fl h l t d n th l ft d f th B th t t nt h v rr t v p nt.” 20 b d ( . . th h rt , h h nt n bl l t d bl d, n th Thr : T b l v n th n n nd r l n nd t d b th t xt hadith n Sahib al-Bukhara nd Sahib Muslim, n h h th Pr ph t f th N nd ttr b t . ( d: "Indeed, there is within the body a morsel offlesh, if it is sound, then the whole body is sound and if it is corrupt, then the whole body is Th , th Salaf b l v n th N nd ttr b t f ll h nd n corrupt; indeed, it is the heart (qalb)." th n n nd r l n nd t d b th , f r th r tr n t r , th ntr t th n l d t ll h. ( th rd qalb n l b d t pl n th n d r ntr f th n . th qalb f th n t n d , n th qalb f Th r fr f h t th Mu' attilah d th f th ll d h t r n, n l nd r ln t. F r th v r r n ll n d th t th Salaf b l v n th rd f th t xt n rn n th N galib b t qalb, h h t n d , h b n t n t. n v nd ttr b t b t th t th ntr t th n l d f th r n n f th , f th nn t t n nt nd d th th rd qalb, th Aql ll t ll h. 206 p rt n t p r n br n ll. Th h t h b n t t d th t Th l n r n f th Salaf, f r th p d th r t t th l n th br n rt d b n d t r . Th h b n nd r t nd n nd nt pl t n f th ayat f th B nd th r p rt d n h d, nd p rt f h p n n d l r d, ahadith f th Pr ph t ( , p ll th r p t t th n l d `The basis of the Aql is in the heart, when it reaches perfection it ends at f ll h (ta' ala). the brain'. Th nd r t d th n n f h t th r d nd f th n l Th pr d t r n t n th t th Rub, h h th l, p rt n d th p d, b t th d d n t n rn th lv th theghayb, t b th th nd th t, nd th 'Aql th t th l h r t r d th h h b rr d fr th . Th d d n t d lv nt th n t r f th ( l p rt n t th nd th t20 . H v r, th t rt n p nt f th ht nd r fl t n n th br n Th n n h r f tith and that: n l d nd t n. t nd th t rt n p nt f nt nt n n th h rt. F rth r r , th 20 Ristalah Fi al Aql too al-Rah 2 48 4 , p bl h d th n th ll t n Majnuf a/- (t r al] Aql n nn t knowledge nd t n l nn t action Rai-a i d al-Muntriyyah. (d p nd n n th f th rd . 206 n l d f th ttr b t f t t p : ( n l d f th r n n , h h th Salaf nd r t nd nd ff r nd ( n l d f th r tr r l t nd d n Th , n l d nd v l nt r t n r f nd d f r tl fr n t n, h h th Salaf pl d n r nt t , d n t t n nd nt n th t n n f t nt n , nd th t rt n p nt f nt nt n n th h rt. Th n r t n p th n l d t th ll h l n . f th r p f h d r r nt nd th n n nl d ft r f r t p r v n nn v t n ll n b r f h l r h d d n t t bl h th lv f r l p n th f nd t n f th Salaf n th r nd h nd r t d f th t t nt f th Salaf, n rr tl ttr b t d t th Salaf th t th pl d d n r nt f Th n n f this and that: th h rt nd br n. t b th t p f n l d . t 0 F rth r r , bn bb t n d, H d d tt n n l th d r r nt nt n. th h rt t b bl t p r v , h n , d H r pl d: th t n th t t n h nd h rt th h rt h th nd th t . th t pr h nd ll . Th t rt fr th br n nd t ff t r b t th br n. n H v r, th t r 9alb' n n: ntl , fr th br n th b nn n nd t t th nd. ( th p n l h p d r l f fl h l t d n th l ft d f th B th t t nt h v rr t v p nt.” 20 b d ( . . th h rt , h h nt n bl l t d bl d, n th Thr : T b l v n th n n nd r l n nd t d b th t xt hadith n Sahib al-Bukhara nd Sahib Muslim, n h h th Pr ph t f th N nd ttr b t . ( d: "Indeed, there is within the body a morsel offlesh, if it is sound, then the whole body is sound and if it is corrupt, then the whole body is Th , th Salaf b l v n th N nd ttr b t f ll h nd n corrupt; indeed, it is the heart (qalb)." th n n nd r l n nd t d b th , f r th r tr n t r , th ntr t th n l d t ll h. ( th rd qalb n l b d t pl n th n d r ntr f th n . th qalb f th n t n d , n th qalb f Th r fr f h t th Mu' attilah d th f th ll d h t r n, n l nd r ln t. F r th v r r n ll n d th t th Salaf b l v n th rd f th t xt n rn n th N galib b t qalb, h h t n d , h b n t n t. n v nd ttr b t b t th t th ntr t th n l d f th r n n f th , f th nn t t n nt nd d th th rd qalb, th Aql ll t ll h. 206 p rt n t p r n br n ll. Th h t h b n t t d th t Th l n r n f th Salaf, f r th p d th r t t th l n th br n rt d b n d t r . Th h b n nd r t nd n nd nt pl t n f th ayat f th B nd th r p rt d n h d, nd p rt f h p n n d l r d, ahadith f th Pr ph t ( , p ll th r p t t th n l d `The basis of the Aql is in the heart, when it reaches perfection it ends at f ll h (ta' ala). the brain'. Th nd r t d th n n f h t th r d nd f th n l Th pr d t r n t n th t th Rub, h h th l, p rt n d th p d, b t th d d n t n rn th lv th theghayb, t b th th nd th t, nd th 'Aql th t th l h r t r d th h h b rr d fr th . Th d d n t d lv nt th n t r f th ( l p rt n t th nd th t20 . H v r, th t rt n p nt f th ht nd r fl t n n th br n Th n n h r f tith and that: n l d nd t n. t nd th t rt n p nt f nt nt n n th h rt. F rth r r , th 20 Ristalah Fi al Aql too al-Rah 2 48 4 , p bl h d th n th ll t n Majnuf a/- (t r al] Aql n nn t knowledge nd t n l nn t action Rai-a i d al-Muntriyyah. (d p nd n n th f th rd . 206 n l d f th ttr b t f t t p : ( n l d f th r n n , h h th Salaf nd r t nd nd ff r nd ( n l d f th r tr r l t nd d n Th , n l d nd v l nt r t n r f nd d f r tl fr n t n, h h th Salaf pl d n r nt t , d n t t n nd nt n th t n n f t nt n , nd th t rt n p nt f nt nt n n th h rt. Th n r t n p th n l d t th ll h l n . f th r p f h d r r nt nd th n n nl d ft r f r t p r v n nn v t n ll n b r f h l r h d d n t t bl h th lv f r l p n th f nd t n f th Salaf n th r nd h nd r t d f th t t nt f th Salaf, n rr tl ttr b t d t th Salaf th t th pl d d n r nt f Th n n f this and that: th h rt nd br n. t b th t p f n l d . t 0 ttr b t , h h th f th p pl f Kalam nd nn v F r: R j t n f a i nd a si f th t xt f th N nd t t n . tr b t . r lt, h n th p pl d d d lv nt th f th n f Th Salaf b l v th t th bl t n t rd th t xt f th r n ll h nd H ttr b t , th tt d ta'wil nd ta' fit Th r n nd th nn h, h h n l d th t xt f th N nd ttr b t , h h d th t d th n tr t n th t th f lt t pl nd nd r t nd th rd n t th r pp r nt n r lt f tashbih. Th ht t fl fr t nd th , nd d p rn n . Th h v d b nd r t nd n th n th nn r d t t d tahrif ta tt n ta" lit Ta 01 h l b n tt d r lt f tashbih. b th r b t n , nd b n t bj t n th t n r d d th Mu' attilah. Th t p r d th th pp r nt n n f f nl th h d n t ll x lt d ll h b v n l r t t H r th t xt pl b f th f t th t t nfl t d th th r f l t t n nd ff r d th ttr b t h l t n t n n l n , th nd rr pt th d l . ld h v p d nd d d ll r d th th b l f f th Salaf nd t r l th t th Salaf r n t ( r rr r f Th t xt f th ttr b t r l l (Shari ah) rd nd h, th r r ll th nt nt f h h th d d n t nd r t nd. n t t t b nt n d. Th f lf ll d b nd r t nd n th n rd n th th nt nd d n n f th L l t r ( . ., ll h . n h nt pl t th t t nt f th f imams Salaf f th d n t t p r th th r n n n rd r t d r t th n th r l ll r l th t th h d th t pr n ht nd fr th nt nd d n n f th L l t r. r th t n l d bl n th r , nd th t th h pp d th d d n t nd r t nd th r l t f th t t nt f th Salaf nd Th , n th pr h n v f nd nt l th th Salaf th t th beams. Th h th h d ff r d (fr th b r v l l l rd p th r n t t , nd th t t fr th p rf t n f t h th r th r rd t th B nd t d n pp t n t th n l d t t th d r d n n nt nd d b ll h nd H B . ll h (ta' ala) h d20 : n r, th t n n ff r th n n th t ll h nd H n r h v ff r d nd n t th n n th t ll h nd h 0: . 4JL L ° ,Pt4. , > n r h v n t d. 20 " nd v r l , th h d p t d n th B r f r n pp t n". " B th pr nd f v r f ll h, f nd th t th t xt r l t d n th r n nd th nn h r v r l r nd n r , t th xt nt n n h h r d th t t nt f th Salaf th t r r rd d n th t t p bl t p rf r ta'wil n th nd t t p r th th b f b l f, tafsir nd hadith n rn n d n th t xt th . F r r t , th f th Pr ph t ( nt n n th t nt n th ttr b t , ll n th t th Salaf d d th d t l d ff r t n f th ttr b t , n nn r th t p t n nd t n n f th ttr b t , xpl n d th nd d d n t r n l nt n n pt n nd nv l d n r n. t br ht b t rt n b t th . Th t t nt t nd th r t t t t n t th n l d nd r v d ll d bt nd b t , l dd n d th h t , nd r t nd n f th Salaf n th n n f th ttr b t nd t br ht tr n ll t t th h rt nd d iman t ttl n t pr p r th r b l f n th . pl . Th f r Pr ph t h d ( l b r t d n th N , ttr b t nd t n f ll h t l v l r t r th n th t 20 Surah al-Baqarah (2):176. N 200 Dal al-Ta' and wa al-Naql, 2/301. 0 Mafinfi' a a awa, 12/113-114, abridged. 2 ttr b t , h h th f th p pl f Kalam nd nn v F r: R j t n f a i nd a si f th t xt f th N nd t t n . tr b t . r lt, h n th p pl d d d lv nt th f th n f Th Salaf b l v th t th bl t n t rd th t xt f th r n ll h nd H ttr b t , th tt d ta'wil nd ta' fit Th r n nd th nn h, h h n l d th t xt f th N nd ttr b t , h h d th t d th n tr t n th t th f lt t pl nd nd r t nd th rd n t th r pp r nt n r lt f tashbih. Th ht t fl fr t nd th , nd d p rn n . Th h v d b nd r t nd n th n th nn r d t t d tahrif ta tt n ta" lit Ta 01 h l b n tt d r lt f tashbih. b th r b t n , nd b n t bj t n th t n r d d th Mu' attilah. Th t p r d th th pp r nt n n f f nl th h d n t ll x lt d ll h b v n l r t t H r th t xt pl b f th f t th t t nfl t d th th r f l t t n nd ff r d th ttr b t h l t n t n n l n , th nd rr pt th d l . ld h v p d nd d d ll r d th th b l f f th Salaf nd t r l th t th Salaf r n t ( r rr r f Th t xt f th ttr b t r l l (Shari ah) rd nd h, th r r ll th nt nt f h h th d d n t nd r t nd. n t t t b nt n d. Th f lf ll d b nd r t nd n th n rd n th th nt nd d n n f th L l t r ( . ., ll h . n h nt pl t th t t nt f th f imams Salaf f th d n t t p r th th r n n n rd r t d r t th n th r l ll r l th t th h d th t pr n ht nd fr th nt nd d n n f th L l t r. r th t n l d bl n th r , nd th t th h pp d th d d n t nd r t nd th r l t f th t t nt f th Salaf nd Th , n th pr h n v f nd nt l th th Salaf th t th beams. Th h th h d ff r d (fr th b r v l l l rd p th r n t t , nd th t t fr th p rf t n f t h th r th r rd t th B nd t d n pp t n t th n l d t t th d r d n n nt nd d b ll h nd H B . ll h (ta' ala) h d20 : n r, th t n n ff r th n n th t ll h nd H n r h v ff r d nd n t th n n th t ll h nd h 0: . 4JL L ° ,Pt4. , > n r h v n t d. 20 " nd v r l , th h d p t d n th B r f r n pp t n". " B th pr nd f v r f ll h, f nd th t th t xt r l t d n th r n nd th nn h r v r l r nd n r , t th xt nt n n h h r d th t t nt f th Salaf th t r r rd d n th t t p bl t p rf r ta'wil n th nd t t p r th th b f b l f, tafsir nd hadith n rn n d n th t xt th . F r r t , th f th Pr ph t ( nt n n th t nt n th ttr b t , ll n th t th Salaf d d th d t l d ff r t n f th ttr b t , n nn r th t p t n nd t n n f th ttr b t , xpl n d th nd d d n t r n l nt n n pt n nd nv l d n r n. t br ht b t rt n b t th . Th t t nt t nd th r t t t t n t th n l d nd r v d ll d bt nd b t , l dd n d th h t , nd r t nd n f th Salaf n th n n f th ttr b t nd t br ht tr n ll t t th h rt nd d iman t ttl n t pr p r th r b l f n th . pl . Th f r Pr ph t h d ( l b r t d n th N , ttr b t nd t n f ll h t l v l r t r th n th t 20 Surah al-Baqarah (2):176. N 200 Dal al-Ta' and wa al-Naql, 2/301. 0 Mafinfi' a a awa, 12/113-114, abridged. 2 f nd nd pr h b t n . t l d f n d nd t bl h d th n "... nd f r ll h th h h t d r pt n..." 2 pl t nd n t l nt rt l t n. 4. ll h ( a i a : n h f l r nd ll r f th t xt f th r n nd nn h n nl n r n h d p f th Mu a i a b f th h h t d r pt n..." th r a nd n h rt nt f th r tt nn nd f l t f th r 2 b l f. . ll h ( a a a : i Th a i f th A u a i a nl pr d n t th n r nt f th n l d f th t xt , h r n t f l r th th . h "...D n f n n h l r t h p r n nd r n d b h n r n nd n t b f l f 6. ll h ( a a : t xt r l t d n th t p , nd ll h n b t. TH ND F ND T N: T X LT ND L V T LL H " , H ll h, (th n ". 2 ( LL L V R ND B V TH TT R F N F . ll h ( a a a : H TTR B T V R R BL N TTR B T F H R T N. Th l r f t n f th f nd t n d b th f ll n : " nd th r n l r p r bl nt H " . 2 6 n : S a i a pr f h h r l t th l v t n nd x lt t n f ll h D d t n f th ayei : b v n r bl n t H r t n. . H ( a a wa a a n , "...Th r n th n l H ..." n . ll h ( a" e k says: v d n xh b t n th t ll h x lt d b v n th n r bl n n f H ttr b t f P rf t n. 217 . &: ^, 4 Th aya xpl n d n n f t : "...Th r n th n l H nd H th ll H r r, th ll ,,2 r. ( Th n n f th aya , H n t l n th n , nd th rd 2. ll h ( a a a : ( 2i ntr d d t pr v d ph . (b t n n , th r n n l nt H , nd th p rt l (W " d n t t f rth p r bl f r ll h" 2 2 Sarah al-Nahl (16):60. . ll h ( a a a : r h al-Rum ( 0 :2 . 2 4 tr h Maryam (19):65. 2 Sarah (112):1. 210 Surah al-Shara (42):11. 2 6 tr h al-Ikh14 (112):4. 2 " Sarah al-Nahl (16)/4. 2 Ma mci a a owa, 16/98. 4 f nd nd pr h b t n . t l d f n d nd t bl h d th n "... nd f r ll h th h h t d r pt n..." 2 pl t nd n t l nt rt l t n. 4. ll h ( a i a : n h f l r nd ll r f th t xt f th r n nd nn h n nl n r n h d p f th Mu a i a b f th h h t d r pt n..." th r a nd n h rt nt f th r tt nn nd f l t f th r 2 b l f. . ll h ( a a a : i Th a i f th A u a i a nl pr d n t th n r nt f th n l d f th t xt , h r n t f l r th th . h "...D n f n n h l r t h p r n nd r n d b h n r n nd n t b f l f 6. ll h ( a a : t xt r l t d n th t p , nd ll h n b t. TH ND F ND T N: T X LT ND L V T LL H " , H ll h, (th n ". 2 ( LL L V R ND B V TH TT R F N F . ll h ( a a a : H TTR B T V R R BL N TTR B T F H R T N. Th l r f t n f th f nd t n d b th f ll n : " nd th r n l r p r bl nt H " . 2 6 n : S a i a pr f h h r l t th l v t n nd x lt t n f ll h D d t n f th ayei : b v n r bl n t H r t n. . H ( a a wa a a n , "...Th r n th n l H ..." n . ll h ( a" e k says: v d n xh b t n th t ll h x lt d b v n th n r bl n n f H ttr b t f P rf t n. 217 . &: ^, 4 Th aya xpl n d n n f t : "...Th r n th n l H nd H th ll H r r, th ll ,,2 r. ( Th n n f th aya , H n t l n th n , nd th rd 2. ll h ( a a a : ( 2i ntr d d t pr v d ph . (b t n n , th r n n l nt H , nd th p rt l (W " d n t t f rth p r bl f r ll h" 2 2 Sarah al-Nahl (16):60. . ll h ( a a a : r h al-Rum ( 0 :2 . 2 4 tr h Maryam (19):65. 2 Sarah (112):1. 210 Surah al-Shara (42):11. 2 6 tr h al-Ikh14 (112):4. 2 " Sarah al-Nahl (16)/4. 2 Ma mci a a owa, 16/98. 4 2 8 ntr d d t pr v d ph . Th v p nt tr n , Th r th r pr nt nd p rf t n th n b n d p t d, th 2 r bl nd th r pp r nt. r p rf t th d p t d b nd th h h r H b v n Ahl al-Sunnah r th t th r n th n l ll h n H n , th n l . n th ttr b t f th L rd (subluanahu tea ta' ala) r ttr b t nd t n . 22 r t r nd r pl t , th h h t d r pt n H , nd H r d rv n f t th n n n r n th n l . 2. H (ta' ala) n , " d n t t f rth p r bl f r ll h" n f t, t p bl f r t t h r n th b l t h h t d r p bn J r r l T b r d n nt r t t: " d n t pr v d f r t n, b f b th r l fr v r n l , n n f th t ll h p r bl , n r p r H b tt n p nt rp rt , f r H ld b h h r th n th th r n . f n th th r h nd, th r n t h n l r l t d l, th n d p t d th th h h t d r pt n ld th r f r hn th r d: " . . d n t t p th ll h r v l , l r p r bl ". nl b n f th . H n , t p bl f r th n h p th h h t d r pt n t h v l r r v l. Th d v v . H (ta' ala) n , "F r th h d n t b l v n th H r f tamthil nd tashbth, r fl t n t t t r n v l d r pt n nd f r ll h th h h t d r pt n..." d n f r th p b l t f xtr l l r nd p rf l." 22 . H (ta' ala) n , "...D n f n n h l r t 4. H (ta' ilia) n , "... nd H th h h t d r pt n n th h ." h v n nd n th rth nd H th ll ht , th ll ." t r p rt d n bn bb th t h d h n nt t n n th " ll h (ta' ala) h d p t d H lf th t H h th h h t d r p ayah: "D n f n t h r p r t th L rd " t n, nd th t r f r n t b l t p rf t n, h h b d j h d, d bn J b r, t d h, bn J r j nd th r h v d tt r th t r pr nt nd n n th t r ff r d. 222 th . 218 Tafsir al-Tabart, 2 2 . 6. f r H (ta' ala) n , " , H ll h, (th n ." 119 Shad) afTahatviyyalt, p. 46. Th One pl th t H h n l r l. 220 Sharb afTahatoluah, p. . . L , H (ta' ala) n , " nd th r n l r p 2 Tafsir al-Tabart, 4 48. r bl nt H ." 222 'matters that are present': th r f r n t th ff r t n f th p rf t pr n f ll h h h b d th ff r t n f H p rf t ttr b t , ntr r t th n n pl p rf t n nd p rtn r h p n f p rf t n. h d r b d ll h th n n x t n r n t d H N nd ttr b t nd n ff t nl ff r f r ll h n b tr t pr n n th r nd , n th nl pl T : Th nd t n f th nt ll t t rd th f l t f n r th t n n n x t th t ttr b t , n n nd, ll h pr t t bl n b t n th ttr b t f th r t r nd th ttr b t f r fr h d v t n. 'meanings that are affirmed': th r f r n t th ff r t n t n. f th ttr b t f p rf t n, ntr r t th h d pt th th d l f n t n nl nd f r x pl h n d r b n ll h, H n t n r nt, H n t n . Th p t n t rd th n th th p t n t rd ppr r nd n, th t ff r n n l d nd J t f r ll h nd th th ttr b t . ll h h n l nt H n H n , ttr b t pl t n n th nt l. Th n t n xpl n d n pr v f tn t d n t b d pr f ll h f th pp t f th n t d tt r r n t f 220 21.1-Satvaz'iq adMunazzalah, 0 2 nd Sharh al-Tahatttlyyah, p. 44. f r d f r ll h n th t p rf t nn r b f tt n H . t 6 2 8 ntr d d t pr v d ph . Th v p nt tr n , Th r th r pr nt nd p rf t n th n b n d p t d, th 2 r bl nd th r pp r nt. r p rf t th d p t d b nd th h h r H b v n Ahl al-Sunnah r th t th r n th n l ll h n H n , th n l . n th ttr b t f th L rd (subluanahu tea ta' ala) r ttr b t nd t n . 22 r t r nd r pl t , th h h t d r pt n H , nd H r d rv n f t th n n n r n th n l . 2. H (ta' ala) n , " d n t t f rth p r bl f r ll h" n f t, t p bl f r t t h r n th b l t h h t d r p bn J r r l T b r d n nt r t t: " d n t pr v d f r t n, b f b th r l fr v r n l , n n f th t ll h p r bl , n r p r H b tt n p nt rp rt , f r H ld b h h r th n th th r n . f n th th r h nd, th r n t h n l r l t d l, th n d p t d th th h h t d r pt n ld th r f r hn th r d: " . . d n t t p th ll h r v l , l r p r bl ". nl b n f th . H n , t p bl f r th n h p th h h t d r pt n t h v l r r v l. Th d v v . H (ta' ala) n , "F r th h d n t b l v n th H r f tamthil nd tashbth, r fl t n t t t r n v l d r pt n nd f r ll h th h h t d r pt n..." d n f r th p b l t f xtr l l r nd p rf l." 22 . H (ta' ala) n , "...D n f n n h l r t 4. H (ta' ilia) n , "... nd H th h h t d r pt n n th h ." h v n nd n th rth nd H th ll ht , th ll ." t r p rt d n bn bb th t h d h n nt t n n th " ll h (ta' ala) h d p t d H lf th t H h th h h t d r p ayah: "D n f n t h r p r t th L rd " t n, nd th t r f r n t b l t p rf t n, h h b d j h d, d bn J b r, t d h, bn J r j nd th r h v d tt r th t r pr nt nd n n th t r ff r d. 222 th . 218 Tafsir al-Tabart, 2 2 . 6. f r H (ta' ala) n , " , H ll h, (th n ." 119 Shad) afTahatviyyalt, p. 46. Th One pl th t H h n l r l. 220 Sharb afTahatoluah, p. . . L , H (ta' ala) n , " nd th r n l r p 2 Tafsir al-Tabart, 4 48. r bl nt H ." 222 'matters that are present': th r f r n t th ff r t n f th p rf t pr n f ll h h h b d th ff r t n f H p rf t ttr b t , ntr r t th n n pl p rf t n nd p rtn r h p n f p rf t n. h d r b d ll h th n n x t n r n t d H N nd ttr b t nd n ff t nl ff r f r ll h n b tr t pr n n th r nd , n th nl pl T : Th nd t n f th nt ll t t rd th f l t f n r th t n n n x t th t ttr b t , n n nd, ll h pr t t bl n b t n th ttr b t f th r t r nd th ttr b t f r fr h d v t n. 'meanings that are affirmed': th r f r n t th ff r t n t n. f th ttr b t f p rf t n, ntr r t th h d pt th th d l f n t n nl nd f r x pl h n d r b n ll h, H n t n r nt, H n t n . Th p t n t rd th n th th p t n t rd ppr r nd n, th t ff r n n l d nd J t f r ll h nd th th ttr b t . ll h h n l nt H n H n , ttr b t pl t n n th nt l. Th n t n xpl n d n pr v f tn t d n t b d pr f ll h f th pp t f th n t d tt r r n t f 220 21.1-Satvaz'iq adMunazzalah, 0 2 nd Sharh al-Tahatttlyyah, p. 44. f r d f r ll h n th t p rf t nn r b f tt n H . t 6 nd t n . Th , f H h r l n th t d n t r bl . " f p rt l r r t n fr f r bl n f n th r r t n th r n , th n h r t r d b r l ttr b t th t d h l t th r n n , th n th r t r r d rv n t b n t r bl th ttr b t f ll th r n . 224 fr nd x lt d b v n r bl n t r t n v n f th r t f n v t bl n l d th t th r t r nd r t n d ff r n nf r t n n ."228 n . Th d n r d ff r n n ttr b t b th " ll h (subbanahu wa ta' ala) h nf r d f th d ff r nt r ttr b t f v r th n d p t d b f t t lf v r l r th th t n n P r d , h th t p f f d, dr n , l th n , n ttr b t f th t p f r t n th t d ff r n th r n . Th nd d ll n . H t ld th t th r n P r d , l h n n tr n th f l f r x pl n t l th tr n th f n t . t r t fr t l ld lv r .2i 224 nd p l . n ntl , f th d ff r n b t n th t p f r t n v 225 bn bb h d, Th r n th n n th rld th t n P r d , d nt lth h th ll b r b t p b l t nd n v lt , th n x pt n . f t t n f th d ff r n b t n r t n nd th r t r ll b r bv nd v n tr n r. 22t Th , f th r l t th t ll h h nf r d f r n n th th r l t pr nt n th rld, nd th r n r bl n n v f th , n th t ll h h n l nd l t d , nd b t n th , n f t, th r h d ff r n b t n th th t p r bl th t b r r bl n t r t n r n t t f rth f r H , nl ll h (ta" ala) n f, th n th r t r (su a a u wa a a a r th r, H h th h h t d r pt n. d ff r n t th t f r t n ll b v n r t r th n th d ff r n 2. t r d, H n th ttr b t f th L rd, th r t r, th pr nt b t n d ff r nt r t n th lv . Th d ff r n b t n p rf t fr ll n l b l th ttr b t f th r t n, th n d, H nd r t n f r r t r th n th d ff r n b t n h t th nd d nd n rt r d, th p rf t nd th n d f n pr nt n th H r ft r nd h t pr nt n th rld, n p r h n p rf t h t l r t p f r t n l r t n th r r t n t r th n n t h b l f n th n b t d tr t n f th r t r d F r n th n th r t r t r t n. Th v r l r nd v d nt” . 23° nd d, d l r d l n b t n th p rf t nd p rf t d Thr : nf r t n n d n t n t t l n b t n th p rf t p rf t 222 th n d. 24 Ma me a a a a, 16/99. h h l l bn T h d: " ll h (su a a u wa a a a n d H lf nd H ttr b t th rt n n , nd th th . . th x t n f th r t n r n t t b t p b l t rd n t th ll f th r t r, t nl th r t r h x t n nt l. L , th ( n , H n d f H r t n. r t n r n v lt n th n th t th b t ft r n t b n n x t n , H n d H lf th L v n , n r, H r r, r, ht , ntr r t Allah, h h l x t d. Th , f th d ff r nt r t n h r n p ll r, pr , n , nd nd r f l. th t f nd nt l tt r nd t th h r t r t b t n th d ff r, th n h n n n t pr h nd th nt l f t th t th ttr b t f th r t r d n t r bl th ttr b t f r t n v n th t ll h d n t r b t th p b l t nd n v lt f x t n t 228 Al-Risolah al-Tadmuriyyah, p. 0. 22 226 A Qau i a Mu , p 26. o Ay : n f P r d p n d l v l . t m A Qa u i a Mu a, p 26. m'Al-Rt.ralah al-Tadmuriyyah, p. 4 . 118 119 nd t n . Th , f H h r l n th t d n t r bl . " f p rt l r r t n fr f r bl n f n th r r t n th r n , th n h r t r d b r l ttr b t th t d h l t th r n n , th n th r t r r d rv n t b n t r bl th ttr b t f ll th r n . 224 fr nd x lt d b v n r bl n t r t n v n f th r t f n v t bl n l d th t th r t r nd r t n d ff r n nf r t n n ."228 n . Th d n r d ff r n n ttr b t b th " ll h (subbanahu wa ta' ala) h nf r d f th d ff r nt r ttr b t f v r th n d p t d b f t t lf v r l r th th t n n P r d , h th t p f f d, dr n , l th n , n ttr b t f th t p f r t n th t d ff r n th r n . Th nd d ll n . H t ld th t th r n P r d , l h n n tr n th f l f r x pl n t l th tr n th f n t . t r t fr t l ld lv r .2i 224 nd p l . n ntl , f th d ff r n b t n th t p f r t n v 225 bn bb h d, Th r n th n n th rld th t n P r d , d nt lth h th ll b r b t p b l t nd n v lt , th n x pt n . f t t n f th d ff r n b t n r t n nd th r t r ll b r bv nd v n tr n r. 22t Th , f th r l t th t ll h h nf r d f r n n th th r l t pr nt n th rld, nd th r n r bl n n v f th , n th t ll h h n l nd l t d , nd b t n th , n f t, th r h d ff r n b t n th th t p r bl th t b r r bl n t r t n r n t t f rth f r H , nl ll h (ta" ala) n f, th n th r t r (su a a u wa a a a r th r, H h th h h t d r pt n. d ff r n t th t f r t n ll b v n r t r th n th d ff r n 2. t r d, H n th ttr b t f th L rd, th r t r, th pr nt b t n d ff r nt r t n th lv . Th d ff r n b t n p rf t fr ll n l b l th ttr b t f th r t n, th n d, H nd r t n f r r t r th n th d ff r n b t n h t th nd d nd n rt r d, th p rf t nd th n d f n pr nt n th H r ft r nd h t pr nt n th rld, n p r h n p rf t h t l r t p f r t n l r t n th r r t n t r th n n t h b l f n th n b t d tr t n f th r t r d F r n th n th r t r t r t n. Th v r l r nd v d nt” . 23° nd d, d l r d l n b t n th p rf t nd p rf t d Thr : nf r t n n d n t n t t l n b t n th p rf t p rf t 222 th n d. 24 Ma me a a a a, 16/99. h h l l bn T h d: " ll h (su a a u wa a a a n d H lf nd H ttr b t th rt n n , nd th th . . th x t n f th r t n r n t t b t p b l t rd n t th ll f th r t r, t nl th r t r h x t n nt l. L , th ( n , H n d f H r t n. r t n r n v lt n th n th t th b t ft r n t b n n x t n , H n d H lf th L v n , n r, H r r, r, ht , ntr r t Allah, h h l x t d. Th , f th d ff r nt r t n h r n p ll r, pr , n , nd nd r f l. th t f nd nt l tt r nd t th h r t r t b t n th d ff r, th n h n n n t pr h nd th nt l f t th t th ttr b t f th r t r d n t r bl th ttr b t f r t n v n th t ll h d n t r b t th p b l t nd n v lt f x t n t 228 Al-Risolah al-Tadmuriyyah, p. 0. 22 226 A Qau i a Mu , p 26. o Ay : n f P r d p n d l v l . t m A Qa u i a Mu a, p 26. m'Al-Rt.ralah al-Tadmuriyyah, p. 4 . 118 119 Allah l n d f H r t n n r, f rb r n , nd, ll h l c; 4' r f l, h r r, r, n , ht , p ll r nd pr . , t v r l r th t th f r r n r ( . . ll h n t l th l tt r "...f r th b l v r , H ( ai i f ll f p t , nd nd ( a im r f l n r ( . . r t n f h , th F rb r n n t l th t f rb r n , th H r r n t l th t h r r nd n th th r t f ll h ll h : N . Allah OW ala) : "...Tr l , Allah is (same v r H r r, (b rn. r". 2 " t t Lt l Z, Allah (tdilla) l : "...V r l , ll h a m v r n n , . 2 ... d h (same h r r, (b r r". 2 Allah (subhanahu wa ta" ala) l : l r th f r ll th ttr b t nt n d. However, th p r n t h d fr th t h h h n th r rd t th t h h h "... nd th v h l d t d n f n, ( s im h v n n l d n t n . If th r n t th , th f l rn n b t th d . tt r p rt n n t th ghayb ld b bl d fr h . Allah : Th p r n n th t h l v n , n l d bl nd bl , nd th t h h r r, r nd p r, h th n l d t nd r "...Tr l , H ( a im F rb r n , (g a i F r v n ". 2 t nd h t ll h h nf r d b t H lf th t H l v n , n l ll h l : d bl , bl , h r r nd r. f h r n bl t p r v nd 2 . ., th n n n h lf h ld n t b bl t nd r t nd th t ": >42 h h h dd n fr h . J t , f h r n t bl t p r v th " v h l d t d n f ( ai f rb r n b ". 2 4 h n , milk, t r, n , l , ld nd lv r n th rld, h ld Allah : n t b bl t nd r t nd h t ll h nf r d h f th ghayb n 0 : x f , ■—• 4. . r rd t th t. ...Tr l , ll h ( a u f ll f ndn , ( a im th t r f l Th h v r, d n t n t t th t th ghayb b th th t rd n nd". 2 tn d, f r bn bb h d, 'There is nothing in this world that is in Paradise, except names'. 2 r h l n n ( 6 0. 2 6 • 2 2 r h l Dh r t ( :28. . . n rn n th Pr ph t . 2 r h l r l ( :44. r h l T b h ( : 28. 2 4 tn h l f t ( : 0 . 2 8 r h l N (4 : 8. 2 r h l B r h (2 : 4 . 2 r h l n n ( 6 :2. 20 2 Allah l n d f H r t n n r, f rb r n , nd, ll h l c; 4' r f l, h r r, r, n , ht , p ll r nd pr . , t v r l r th t th f r r n r ( . . ll h n t l th l tt r "...f r th b l v r , H ( ai i f ll f p t , nd nd ( a im r f l n r ( . . r t n f h , th F rb r n n t l th t f rb r n , th H r r n t l th t h r r nd n th th r t f ll h ll h : N . Allah OW ala) : "...Tr l , Allah is (same v r H r r, (b rn. r". 2 " t t Lt l Z, Allah (tdilla) l : "...V r l , ll h a m v r n n , . 2 ... d h (same h r r, (b r r". 2 Allah (subhanahu wa ta" ala) l : l r th f r ll th ttr b t nt n d. However, th p r n t h d fr th t h h h n th r rd t th t h h h "... nd th v h l d t d n f n, ( s im h v n n l d n t n . If th r n t th , th f l rn n b t th d . tt r p rt n n t th ghayb ld b bl d fr h . Allah : Th p r n n th t h l v n , n l d bl nd bl , nd th t h h r r, r nd p r, h th n l d t nd r "...Tr l , H ( a im F rb r n , (g a i F r v n ". 2 t nd h t ll h h nf r d b t H lf th t H l v n , n l ll h l : d bl , bl , h r r nd r. f h r n bl t p r v nd 2 . ., th n n n h lf h ld n t b bl t nd r t nd th t ": >42 h h h dd n fr h . J t , f h r n t bl t p r v th " v h l d t d n f ( ai f rb r n b ". 2 4 h n , milk, t r, n , l , ld nd lv r n th rld, h ld Allah : n t b bl t nd r t nd h t ll h nf r d h f th ghayb n 0 : x f , ■—• 4. . r rd t th t. ...Tr l , ll h ( a u f ll f ndn , ( a im th t r f l Th h v r, d n t n t t th t th ghayb b th th t rd n nd". 2 tn d, f r bn bb h d, 'There is nothing in this world that is in Paradise, except names'. 2 r h l n n ( 6 0. 2 6 • 2 2 r h l Dh r t ( :28. . . n rn n th Pr ph t . 2 r h l r l ( :44. r h l T b h ( : 28. 2 4 tn h l f t ( : 0 . 2 8 r h l N (4 : 8. 2 r h l B r h (2 : 4 . 2 r h l n n ( 6 :2. 20 2 Th pr n f th r l t n P r d , f h h ll h h nf r d n rd r t l r f th , ll h v , n th t b t, d n t r bl th pr nt n th rld, n th n th t rd r f t r 241 . rd n b ( n r l t n t n th r : h t p r bl f r th f r r b p r bl f r th l tt r, h t ( n n (Mutaradif): rd th t d ff r n th r p ll n , b t r t f r th b t f r th t, h t nn t b f r th nn t b f r th n n n . th t, th t th n t t t n f th b th n t t t n f th t nd th t h t n t p bl f r th b n t p bl f r th t. n x pl f th th rd , asad, usamah nd ghadhanfizr. Th rd d ff r n th r l tt r n tr t n b t ll rr th n F r n th t th t r f P r d d n t p l r b br n 242 , th r t r d synonyms. h. Th t t f t l d n t h n , t n d n t v r th dr n r r n h nd, t t r d n t pr n t f rth ( H r ph (Mushuzri k): rd th t r p lt th b t h h n r d t d nd fr l d th n th rld. t l p d ff r nt n n . n t r t d fr ttl n th rld nd n. n x pl f th th rd ayn. Th rd n n, , f n Th , f p rt l r r t n r th n th r n n , nd th r t n, p r nv . b t n th h r d v l nd l r t , h t r ddr d th rd n n , b t th n n rr d r d ff r nt, h th ll b nd r t d, v n th h th r l t f th f r t n t th rd r t r d h r ph 243 . r l t f th nd. ( D l r (Mutabayin): rd th t d ff r n th r p ll n nd n ntl , Th r t r Yalta jalaluhu) f rth r r v d fr n n . n l r t t H r t n th n th t h h n P r d t th t x pl f th r th rd , h v n, rth, p r d , nd h ll. n th rld. f H th r f r , d r b H lf th t H L v n , n l d bl , th H r r, r nd bl , t d n t n th t H h f th rd rr d ff r nt n n , th r t r d l H r t n, H d t n fr n l n t H r t n d l r. r t r th n th d t n f d l r t f nd b t n th d ff r (iv) (Mutawati (): rd th t r n p ll n nd n n . nt t p f r t n . v r ll n l h tr n th, p r nd t v t , nd t th d n t r bl th r t n f th n l , h Th f t t p : 244. 3 n th n f r t n r bl th L rd f th rld " 24° ( (Al-Tatvatu` al-Mutiaq th f th n n l F r: n xpl n t n f th p nt fr l n p r p t v , th n n ll. fr th n l f th Shan' ah. 24 T f t r p th p r p t v f th p rt l r t r t n: ( th n t d ff lt f r t pr h nd th f t th t ll h n d H n f th rd nd (2 th p ll n f th rd, th r f r v n f r p r t t n . lf th rt n ttr b t nd th n n d H rv nt th l r t ttr b t . Th p r n th n b nf d, d h ff r f r ll h 242 . . th ll n l n. t th r l t f th ttr b t r n t 24 n x pl n th n l h l n ld b th rd bill n h r f r rv r pr d t nd th rd bill n th b f b rd. Th rd r n t r l t d nd th pp r t d ff r nt ntr n d t n r . t 24° br d d Risalah Fr al: Aql wa al-Rub f bn T h, 2 42 4 , p bl h d th n th p l t n Mafinci ab al-Muniriyyah. 244 t : b l t , . . h n th n n t n f b l t . t 22 2 Th pr n f th r l t n P r d , f h h ll h h nf r d n rd r t l r f th , ll h v , n th t b t, d n t r bl th pr nt n th rld, n th n th t rd r f t r 241 . rd n b ( n r l t n t n th r : h t p r bl f r th f r r b p r bl f r th l tt r, h t ( n n (Mutaradif): rd th t d ff r n th r p ll n , b t r t f r th b t f r th t, h t nn t b f r th nn t b f r th n n n . th t, th t th n t t t n f th b th n t t t n f th t nd th t h t n t p bl f r th b n t p bl f r th t. n x pl f th th rd , asad, usamah nd ghadhanfizr. Th rd d ff r n th r l tt r n tr t n b t ll rr th n F r n th t th t r f P r d d n t p l r b br n 242 , th r t r d synonyms. h. Th t t f t l d n t h n , t n d n t v r th dr n r r n h nd, t t r d n t pr n t f rth ( H r ph (Mushuzri k): rd th t r p lt th b t h h n r d t d nd fr l d th n th rld. t l p d ff r nt n n . n t r t d fr ttl n th rld nd n. n x pl f th th rd ayn. Th rd n n, , f n Th , f p rt l r r t n r th n th r n n , nd th r t n, p r nv . b t n th h r d v l nd l r t , h t r ddr d th rd n n , b t th n n rr d r d ff r nt, h th ll b nd r t d, v n th h th r l t f th f r t n t th rd r t r d h r ph 243 . r l t f th nd. ( D l r (Mutabayin): rd th t d ff r n th r p ll n nd n ntl , Th r t r Yalta jalaluhu) f rth r r v d fr n n . n l r t t H r t n th n th t h h n P r d t th t x pl f th r th rd , h v n, rth, p r d , nd h ll. n th rld. f H th r f r , d r b H lf th t H L v n , n l d bl , th H r r, r nd bl , t d n t n th t H h f th rd rr d ff r nt n n , th r t r d l H r t n, H d t n fr n l n t H r t n d l r. r t r th n th d t n f d l r t f nd b t n th d ff r (iv) (Mutawati (): rd th t r n p ll n nd n n . nt t p f r t n . v r ll n l h tr n th, p r nd t v t , nd t th d n t r bl th r t n f th n l , h Th f t t p : 244. 3 n th n f r t n r bl th L rd f th rld " 24° ( (Al-Tatvatu` al-Mutiaq th f th n n l F r: n xpl n t n f th p nt fr l n p r p t v , th n n ll. fr th n l f th Shan' ah. 24 T f t r p th p r p t v f th p rt l r t r t n: ( th n t d ff lt f r t pr h nd th f t th t ll h n d H n f th rd nd (2 th p ll n f th rd, th r f r v n f r p r t t n . lf th rt n ttr b t nd th n n d H rv nt th l r t ttr b t . Th p r n th n b nf d, d h ff r f r ll h 242 . . th ll n l n. t th r l t f th ttr b t r n t 24 n x pl n th n l h l n ld b th rd bill n h r f r rv r pr d t nd th rd bill n th b f b rd. Th rd r n t r l t d nd th pp r t d ff r nt ntr n d t n r . t 24° br d d Risalah Fr al: Aql wa al-Rub f bn T h, 2 42 4 , p bl h d th n th p l t n Mafinci ab al-Muniriyyah. 244 t : b l t , . . h n th n n t n f b l t . t 22 2 n x pl f th th rd rafts? ( n . n , , d , th t h h n t f th rd n t lf nd f t n n nd r n . , th n n ( . . nh d r l t 246, ff r d f r th L rd nd th rv nt. Th L rd h f t th thr h t. th t h h b f t H p rf t n nd th rv nt h f t th t h h (b (Al-Tatvatui al-Musbakkak), th f th n n v r b f t h . nd t n d ff r nt h d . t t r d Mushakkak n x pl th n al-Sam1 (th h r r , h h n t t r p ( . . n rt n , b f th nf n th t r h n n n th d bl . L , al-Baser (th r , h h n t t h r th rd: t fr th t r f Mutawail r fr n th v l. Th th f r al: /Vim (th n r , al- th t r f h r ph rd Qadir (Th bl nd n f r th r t f th N . n x pl f th th rd nar (l ht . n , Th nd d, th nd t n f r n h n rr tl th t th r n l ht f th n nd th l ht f th l p . Th (b n n nd r l t r f nd th n th n d p t d th th n 24 . n n b th n , b t th r d ff r n f l v l nd p r h t v r nh r ntl p rt f th N n th r f r h ff r d f r r t b t n th t 2 . F r th l ht f th n v r d f ll h, th r b n n bj t n n th t t ll, r th r, th ff r d f r f r nt fr th l ht f th l p. Allah n nn r th t d n t nt l n l n r l t d t Th n , h h r d f r ll h nd f r th rv nt r fr th H r t n. t p , al-Tatvatue al-Mushakkak rd . n h n t th fr Allah nd r th pr t n th t th n Th tr th n th tt r th r f r , th r p t t th N nd h v b n d f r r t n, t ll t iihats n ll h N ttr b t th t r d f r ll h nd H rv nt , l (th n nd d n H ttr b t f p rf t n. th l v n , h r r, r, n r, bl nd (th ttr b t l f , h r n , n h ff r th n th t d n t r bl r t n b t ht, n l d nd n, th r tr f r th L rd nd tr f r th th t b f t H j t nd l r , fr h lf fr th d n f tashbih rv nt. nd p n f ta c 01, nd th th ofAhl al-Sunnah. H v r, f r th L rd, th b f t H j t nd f r th rv nt, th b f t h . 2 6 . . th f r t v p nt. ft Th r n f r th th t th n r ttr b t p rt n n th t p 24 . . n d n t n h r f r x pl , th h r r, th n n rr d h thr t nd n : th n th n n t pr nt n th h r. n n th f ll nd d v t n f th h th Mu t z l h h ff r f r ll h N b t n t ttr b t nd . Th v p nt th t d n t t nt nt, h t r b d n l d b n , ll h th H r r th t h r n t t , h th r t b th L rd (tabaraka wa ta' ala) r th rv nt. 248 i (t n l n nd d r n ll h N nd ttr b t n t d p rt nd d r fr th t bl h d tr th n rn n th , th r r l t nd n n t 2. Th v p nt f h n t d r b d t th L rd nd p f t h r , t ptl nd fr. h l r nt n f v t r f th t p f Wa : ( H . T n ll h th n th t d n t b f t H j t nd l r . (2 T n r t n th ll h N . ( T d r b H th tt r th t H x lt d f . Th v p nt f h n t d r b d t th rv nt nd r tr t d t nd b v . (4 T t o i f th n n b d d th n ll h N nd h . d n th r r l t nd ( T l n H ttr b t t th f H r t n. R f r t l K h f l l h, p. . t 24 ll d ff r n f r l t . ft 24 2 n x pl f th th rd rafts? ( n . n , , d , th t h h n t f th rd n t lf nd f t n n nd r n . , th n n ( . . nh d r l t 246, ff r d f r th L rd nd th rv nt. Th L rd h f t th thr h t. th t h h b f t H p rf t n nd th rv nt h f t th t h h (b (Al-Tatvatui al-Musbakkak), th f th n n v r b f t h . nd t n d ff r nt h d . t t r d Mushakkak n x pl th n al-Sam1 (th h r r , h h n t t r p ( . . n rt n , b f th nf n th t r h n n n th d bl . L , al-Baser (th r , h h n t t h r th rd: t fr th t r f Mutawail r fr n th v l. Th th f r al: /Vim (th n r , al- th t r f h r ph rd Qadir (Th bl nd n f r th r t f th N . n x pl f th th rd nar (l ht . n , Th nd d, th nd t n f r n h n rr tl th t th r n l ht f th n nd th l ht f th l p . Th (b n n nd r l t r f nd th n th n d p t d th th n 24 . n n b th n , b t th r d ff r n f l v l nd p r h t v r nh r ntl p rt f th N n th r f r h ff r d f r r t b t n th t 2 . F r th l ht f th n v r d f ll h, th r b n n bj t n n th t t ll, r th r, th ff r d f r f r nt fr th l ht f th l p. Allah n nn r th t d n t nt l n l n r l t d t Th n , h h r d f r ll h nd f r th rv nt r fr th H r t n. t p , al-Tatvatue al-Mushakkak rd . n h n t th fr Allah nd r th pr t n th t th n Th tr th n th tt r th r f r , th r p t t th N nd h v b n d f r r t n, t ll t iihats n ll h N ttr b t th t r d f r ll h nd H rv nt , l (th n nd d n H ttr b t f p rf t n. th l v n , h r r, r, n r, bl nd (th ttr b t l f , h r n , n h ff r th n th t d n t r bl r t n b t ht, n l d nd n, th r tr f r th L rd nd tr f r th th t b f t H j t nd l r , fr h lf fr th d n f tashbih rv nt. nd p n f ta c 01, nd th th ofAhl al-Sunnah. H v r, f r th L rd, th b f t H j t nd f r th rv nt, th b f t h . 2 6 . . th f r t v p nt. ft Th r n f r th th t th n r ttr b t p rt n n th t p 24 . . n d n t n h r f r x pl , th h r r, th n n rr d h thr t nd n : th n th n n t pr nt n th h r. n n th f ll nd d v t n f th h th Mu t z l h h ff r f r ll h N b t n t ttr b t nd . Th v p nt th t d n t t nt nt, h t r b d n l d b n , ll h th H r r th t h r n t t , h th r t b th L rd (tabaraka wa ta' ala) r th rv nt. 248 i (t n l n nd d r n ll h N nd ttr b t n t d p rt nd d r fr th t bl h d tr th n rn n th , th r r l t nd n n t 2. Th v p nt f h n t d r b d t th L rd nd p f t h r , t ptl nd fr. h l r nt n f v t r f th t p f Wa : ( H . T n ll h th n th t d n t b f t H j t nd l r . (2 T n r t n th ll h N . ( T d r b H th tt r th t H x lt d f . Th v p nt f h n t d r b d t th rv nt nd r tr t d t nd b v . (4 T t o i f th n n b d d th n ll h N nd h . d n th r r l t nd ( T l n H ttr b t t th f H r t n. R f r t l K h f l l h, p. . t 24 ll d ff r n f r l t . ft 24 2 t r h ld, h h b t n th d n, nd ll h th f r th t h h p rt f th ttr b t r lt f t tt h nt t n h r nt t rd h t rr t. 2 ` th rv nt, th n t t th t n n t th fr ll h, l th n t f l p, l b r nd n d f r n r h nt h h r r d t th d n f h h l l n th t p h n : l t d t th ttr b t f l f f r th rv nt. L , th n t " ll h h v n H lf N nd H h v n N t h t th t r nn t d t h nt nt n h h n v nt t rd tr b t . Th N r p f t H h n th r d r b d t r n h t ll b n f t h nd rd n ff n th n th t n H n n t h r n th l n d H . h r h . n, th n t t d t h l v t n h H n d f H r t n th n p f t th h h n d f th th n h b v nd th f t th t h rr d b t. r tt h d t th , th n r th th N ( . . ll h ll f th h t b n t d fr th H l n , th n fr f ll N h n th r n t d r b d nd p f d. d f t . Th r nt f th t (p rt l r n nd rr p nd n nd f r th t h h p rt f th ttr b t r lt f t p rt l r n n f th n d h n th n nr tr t d nd n t tt h d tt h nt t ll h ( a a a , t n t ff r d f r r t n n n , r p f d 2 d n t n t t n r nt b t n th n d l th f t th t H n l d n t t t rn t , bl t n nd r rr p nd n f th n d h n tt h d nd p f d, l t l n f ll pr h n n 24 . L , H p b l t , D r nd ll th r f r th n d t b l r h n tt h d r p f d. ttr b t ll th t p f t H th r rd t th ttr b t ll h h n d H lf th L v n : nn t b ff r d f r r t n. L J ll V 0 f r p th pr n pl nd nd r t nd t t h ld b , ll mA fr r lf fr th t d tr t v l nt th t f r th b f " ll h, n n h th r ht t b r h pp d b t H , (al-Hayy) th th pl f th Mi aka i m: a nd as . L v n , th lf t n r nd pp rt r f ll... " 292 H h l n d f H l v th l v n : f tr l v th tt r t r htf l ppr h n n, ll tr l ff r f r ll h th t b t f l N nd th t x lt d t tr b t , th r b p n fr a i , nd ll n t fr th "H br n t (al-klayy) th l v n fr th d d, nd br n t th N nd ttr b t v r th n p f t r t n ll n d d fr (al-liayy) th l v n ..." 253 r bl n , th r b p n fr as i . R fl t n th nd H v r, th l v n n t l th t L v n . Th b H n , ...th L v n ... n p f t H , nd H n , H 24 . . ll h ttr b t f n l d h n v r d t x t pp d t n n l d f r h h lf l t l n h n l d n t n x t n b f r h r t n. L , th d p t n f ll h h v n n l d n bl t n n t lf 2 C d l :v l d, 64, 66. th L rd nd D t nn t b b t n l d bl , ntr r t p rt l r r t n. n, ll h n l d ll pr h n v , n th n p H f r H n . . th r nt b t n th n d ( . . ll h nd H r t n n h r n th f th th n th t h v rr d, th t h h rr n nd th t h h ll r. ntr n n t f th n r ttr b t . Th f r t v p nt d d rl r... H l n f th b f r th r nd H l n f th th n th t d d n t t r nd h th ld h v rr d f th d d ( bb n h tv t l . h 2 2 r h l B r h (2 :2 . n t f H n l d r p f t H nd th r t n d n t t h r f th , h n n f th d r b d b n n l d bl . t -53 tr h l R ( 0 : . 26 2 t r h ld, h h b t n th d n, nd ll h th f r th t h h p rt f th ttr b t r lt f t tt h nt t n h r nt t rd h t rr t. 2 ` th rv nt, th n t t th t n n t th fr ll h, l th n t f l p, l b r nd n d f r n r h nt h h r r d t th d n f h h l l n th t p h n : l t d t th ttr b t f l f f r th rv nt. L , th n t " ll h h v n H lf N nd H h v n N t h t th t r nn t d t h nt nt n h h n v nt t rd tr b t . Th N r p f t H h n th r d r b d t r n h t ll b n f t h nd rd n ff n th n th t n H n n t h r n th l n d H . h r h . n, th n t t d t h l v t n h H n d f H r t n th n p f t th h h n d f th th n h b v nd th f t th t h rr d b t. r tt h d t th , th n r th th N ( . . ll h ll f th h t b n t d fr th H l n , th n fr f ll N h n th r n t d r b d nd p f d. d f t . Th r nt f th t (p rt l r n nd rr p nd n nd f r th t h h p rt f th ttr b t r lt f t p rt l r n n f th n d h n th n nr tr t d nd n t tt h d tt h nt t ll h ( a a a , t n t ff r d f r r t n n n , r p f d 2 d n t n t t n r nt b t n th n d l th f t th t H n l d n t t t rn t , bl t n nd r rr p nd n f th n d h n tt h d nd p f d, l t l n f ll pr h n n 24 . L , H p b l t , D r nd ll th r f r th n d t b l r h n tt h d r p f d. ttr b t ll th t p f t H th r rd t th ttr b t ll h h n d H lf th L v n : nn t b ff r d f r r t n. L J ll V 0 f r p th pr n pl nd nd r t nd t t h ld b , ll mA fr r lf fr th t d tr t v l nt th t f r th b f " ll h, n n h th r ht t b r h pp d b t H , (al-Hayy) th th pl f th Mi aka i m: a nd as . L v n , th lf t n r nd pp rt r f ll... " 292 H h l n d f H l v th l v n : f tr l v th tt r t r htf l ppr h n n, ll tr l ff r f r ll h th t b t f l N nd th t x lt d t tr b t , th r b p n fr a i , nd ll n t fr th "H br n t (al-klayy) th l v n fr th d d, nd br n t th N nd ttr b t v r th n p f t r t n ll n d d fr (al-liayy) th l v n ..." 253 r bl n , th r b p n fr as i . R fl t n th nd H v r, th l v n n t l th t L v n . Th b H n , ...th L v n ... n p f t H , nd H n , H 24 . . ll h ttr b t f n l d h n v r d t x t pp d t n n l d f r h h lf l t l n h n l d n t n x t n b f r h r t n. L , th d p t n f ll h h v n n l d n bl t n n t lf 2 C d l :v l d, 64, 66. th L rd nd D t nn t b b t n l d bl , ntr r t p rt l r r t n. n, ll h n l d ll pr h n v , n th n p H f r H n . . th r nt b t n th n d ( . . ll h nd H r t n n h r n th f th th n th t h v rr d, th t h h rr n nd th t h h ll r. ntr n n t f th n r ttr b t . Th f r t v p nt d d rl r... H l n f th b f r th r nd H l n f th th n th t d d n t t r nd h th ld h v rr d f th d d ( bb n h tv t l . h 2 2 r h l B r h (2 :2 . n t f H n l d r p f t H nd th r t n d n t t h r f th , h n n f th d r b d b n n l d bl . t -53 tr h l R ( 0 : . 26 2 br n t th l v n fr th d d... n f r th l v n r t n, "... nd v h l d t d n f ( a m n l d bl n". h h p f t t. H r , ll h r f r t b . Th n nl r f th r d nr tr t dl nd r n t Th n l d bl ( n th f r t h n t l th n l d bl d p f . H v r, n b l t nd nr tr t d n d n t ( n th nd nd th f rb r n ( n th f r t h n t l th rr l t t n th n n d t d 254 , b t th nd nd r t nd fr f rb r n ( n th nd . th n r b t n th t th t r n d. ll h l n H lf H r r, r : h r p n p f t n t r tr t t t h t d t n h th r t r fr r t n nd h t d t n h r t n fr th r t r. "...Tr l , ll h v r (Sam( H r r, ( as ? r". 6 Th th th r p t t ll f ll h N nd ttr b t . H l n d f H r t n, h r r, r : Th nd t n v n r lt f l t nd r nt r z z.: 4 4, t nd r t d, ll th nd t n d n t d r lt f ppr pr t n nd p f t n, h h pr v nt r t n fr h r n h r t r "V r l , h v r t d n fr dr p f x d n, n rd r t t p f t th r t r ( bh n h l . tr h , d h (gam( h r r, ( oo r".2 ll h h l n d H lf: Th h r r n t l th t h r r, n r th r l th t r... t : F rth r r , H v N t H ttr b t nd H n d t ...( A im n r nd ( ia im F rb r n "P tr b t f H r t n th th n . H : H l n d l v f H f rb r n : . Fl 4■45. „ ,: t "... nd th ll n v r n p n th n f H ( i m n l "... v h l d t d n f ( a m f rb r n n". d x pt h h H ll ..." 2 ll h r f r h r t l. H n d n th r, n l d bl : "...H h nt t d n th H ( n l d ..." 2 . V r l , ll h th ll Pr v d r, n r f (quwwa P r, th ° 2 4 . . t d n nd nd h rt. Th nl pl n ttr b t h n l d t tr n ". n x t b t lf . . n n b l t n , n n nd nd h rt. F r t t x t t d , t h t b r b d t n n nd f r b t t n n , . ., 2 6 r h (4 : 8. n l d f ll h r n l d f n, h v th r f r p f d t nd h n , 2 r h l n n ( 6 :2. th ttr b t t n t ppr pr t r l t d p nd n n th n t r b d t ... n n n l th f l t f th l th t th ff r t n f ll h 2 8 nr h l B r h (2 :2 . ttr b t h t n f t hb h. t \ 2 r h l N (4 : 66. 2 tr h ( : . 266 r h l Dh r t ( : 8. 28 2 br n t th l v n fr th d d... n f r th l v n r t n, "... nd v h l d t d n f ( a m n l d bl n". h h p f t t. H r , ll h r f r t b . Th n nl r f th r d nr tr t dl nd r n t Th n l d bl ( n th f r t h n t l th n l d bl d p f . H v r, n b l t nd nr tr t d n d n t ( n th nd nd th f rb r n ( n th f r t h n t l th rr l t t n th n n d t d 254 , b t th nd nd r t nd fr f rb r n ( n th nd . th n r b t n th t th t r n d. ll h l n H lf H r r, r : h r p n p f t n t r tr t t t h t d t n h th r t r fr r t n nd h t d t n h r t n fr th r t r. "...Tr l , ll h v r (Sam( H r r, ( as ? r". 6 Th th th r p t t ll f ll h N nd ttr b t . H l n d f H r t n, h r r, r : Th nd t n v n r lt f l t nd r nt r z z.: 4 4, t nd r t d, ll th nd t n d n t d r lt f ppr pr t n nd p f t n, h h pr v nt r t n fr h r n h r t r "V r l , h v r t d n fr dr p f x d n, n rd r t t p f t th r t r ( bh n h l . tr h , d h (gam( h r r, ( oo r".2 ll h h l n d H lf: Th h r r n t l th t h r r, n r th r l th t r... t : F rth r r , H v N t H ttr b t nd H n d t ...( A im n r nd ( ia im F rb r n "P tr b t f H r t n th th n . H : H l n d l v f H f rb r n : . Fl 4■45. „ ,: t "... nd th ll n v r n p n th n f H ( i m n l "... v h l d t d n f ( a m f rb r n n". d x pt h h H ll ..." 2 ll h r f r h r t l. H n d n th r, n l d bl : "...H h nt t d n th H ( n l d ..." 2 . V r l , ll h th ll Pr v d r, n r f (quwwa P r, th ° 2 4 . . t d n nd nd h rt. Th nl pl n ttr b t h n l d t tr n ". n x t b t lf . . n n b l t n , n n nd nd h rt. F r t t x t t d , t h t b r b d t n n nd f r b t t n n , . ., 2 6 r h (4 : 8. n l d f ll h r n l d f n, h v th r f r p f d t nd h n , 2 r h l n n ( 6 :2. th ttr b t t n t ppr pr t r l t d p nd n n th n t r b d t ... n n n l th f l t f th l th t th ff r t n f ll h 2 8 nr h l B r h (2 :2 . ttr b t h t n f t hb h. t \ 2 r h l N (4 : 66. 2 tr h ( : . 266 r h l Dh r t ( : 8. 28 2 Th n l d n t l th t n l d nd th tr n th n t 6. fr , t : j t f , V■j l . l th t tr n th. "D th n t th t ll h, th n h r t d th , ht r H d r b d H lf h v n nd d b v th Thr n . H n th n th n ( h tr n th. "261 t n th n v n pl n H B , th t , th f t th t H H n d ttr b t f H r t n n l d nd p r : nd d b v th Thr n . H d r b d f H r t n th n n b v th n , h v n t b n v n f ( ilm) n l d x pt l t l „. 62 l n H n : t ft , o j . " n rd r th t nd b v th r b ... n 20 "...b t v r ll th nd d th (Vim) n l d , n ll n n n "." H n : H : 268 " nd h n nd th th h v nd d n th h p..." ”264 "...th r j d t h t th h d f (dm) n l d ... H n : H : r . "... nd t nd d n ( nt J d ..."26 Th n n ( f r t n n t l th t n n ( f th r t r . pf H d r b d H lf th t H t H nd r t tr t h d, n : " ll h H h r t d n n , th n v ( h tr n th ft r n , th n ft r (Truman) tr n th v ± 4 Ir"1-3.2 n nd r h r... "26 4 A . "...N , b th H H nd r d l t tr t h d, H p nd H H l : ll ..."2" H l d r b d f H r t n th t tr t h d h nd , r j n : "... nd (H ll dd ( h tr n th t r ( h tr n th... ,,266 261 Sarah al-Fussilat (41):15. 262 Sarah al-Isra' (17):85. 267 Sarah al-Zukhruf (43):13. 263 Sarah Yusuf (12):76. 268 Sarah al-Muhninun (23):28. 264 Sarah Ghafir (40):83. 269 Sarah Hod (11):44. 265 Sarah al-Rum (30)54. 266 Surah Hod (11)32. 2 ° Sarah al-Ma'idah (5):64. 0 Th n l d n t l th t n l d nd th tr n th n t 6. fr , t : j t f , V■j l . l th t tr n th. "D th n t th t ll h, th n h r t d th , ht r H d r b d H lf h v n nd d b v th Thr n . H n th n th n ( h tr n th. "261 t n th n v n pl n H B , th t , th f t th t H H n d ttr b t f H r t n n l d nd p r : nd d b v th Thr n . H d r b d f H r t n th n n b v th n , h v n t b n v n f ( ilm) n l d x pt l t l „. 62 l n H n : t ft , o j . " n rd r th t nd b v th r b ... n 20 "...b t v r ll th nd d th (Vim) n l d , n ll n n n "." H n : H : 268 " nd h n nd th th h v nd d n th h p..." ”264 "...th r j d t h t th h d f (dm) n l d ... H n : H : r . "... nd t nd d n ( nt J d ..."26 Th n n ( f r t n n t l th t n n ( f th r t r . pf H d r b d H lf th t H t H nd r t tr t h d, n : " ll h H h r t d n n , th n v ( h tr n th ft r n , th n ft r (Truman) tr n th v ± 4 Ir"1-3.2 n nd r h r... "26 4 A . "...N , b th H H nd r d l t tr t h d, H p nd H H l : ll ..."2" H l d r b d f H r t n th t tr t h d h nd , r j n : "... nd (H ll dd ( h tr n th t r ( h tr n th... ,,266 261 Sarah al-Fussilat (41):15. 262 Sarah al-Isra' (17):85. 267 Sarah al-Zukhruf (43):13. 263 Sarah Yusuf (12):76. 268 Sarah al-Muhninun (23):28. 264 Sarah Ghafir (40):83. 269 Sarah Hod (11):44. 265 Sarah al-Rum (30)54. 266 Surah Hod (11)32. 2 ° Sarah al-Ma'idah (5):64. 0 " nd l t n t r h nd b t d t r n (l r , n r tr t h . Th rr t n n : h h th t th h r t r t p f t t f rth t t t t r h (l p ndthr ft ..." 211 ll h r n t d t d p t n n f H r t n, nd th t n th Th h nd n t l th t H nd, n r th tr t h n t l th t n f H r t n r bl n ttr b t f H . Th h t ` tr t h n t . f th n n f (bast) tr t h n t v n nd th r n h h n, ll h (ta` ala) , ...Th r n th n n r t , th n th v n b ll h n t l th v n b H r l nt H ... Th r f t t n f th Mumaththilah nd t n, n r H n r t l th r x pl f th r n r . Mushabbihah. n ntl , n t ff r f r ll h th t h h H ff r d f r H n , n h rt th t th ttr b t f Th r t r r l H lf nd n t n l n t H r t n. th t f H r t n Mushabbih, f l f r nd d p d. n h d l r th ttr b t f r t n t b l th ttr b t f th h v r rt , ll h h n n l d , P r, r , p h, r t r l r t th hr t n n th r d b l f. nd H d n t L v , b Pl d, n r ll d t, v d nd nd d , mu' attil, d n r nd n h p r ll h t th 2. Th r j t d n n : th nt nd d n n p rt d th t n n n x t nt nd l f l . ttr b t r ff r d f r ll h. n th r f r , d n t , H h b l t , n l d r L f b th rv nt d p t d th n h rt , H h n l d l n l d , P r l th ttr b t . Th pl t n f th p t n t l n t p r, L v l l v , Pl r l pl r , nd H h rt th t ll h Th L v n , n r r bl b th rv nt t H nd l t h nd nd n n l n n , l p h n . L , th r rd t ll h p h, mushabbih nd n h p r ll h t n l . H r n , ht, ll nd n. R th r, th bl t n (ithbat) ff r t n th t n (tamthil) r Th r n f th rr r nd bl nd r tr b t th r pr p bl n , nd (tanzth) l v t n th t n (ta' of) n ll f t n". 2 2 t n th t th r rd t th n r l nd b l t n , th n F v : Th d v f t r th t t p rt th b l f o A a Su a n r l nd b l t th t n d th th th v r th n th t th f nd t n fr th b l f f th p pl f a a III nd p pl f ff r d f r th p rt l r th n (b n n d . H v r, th am i . n t th f r th t p rt l r th n , n h t pr nt t d Th nt t r ofal-Tahatviyyah 2 t t : "AM al-Sttnnah r th t ( f n nd nd h rt nn t b b l t nd n l f d, th r n t th n l ll h, n t l H n , H ttr b t , n r r th r, th r nl x t th t h h p rt l r nd p f . H t n . Th n , f ll h n d th th , ll b p f nd H v r, th rd tashbih h v lv d, th n th d r f p d t n t t H nd f th rv nt n d th th , ll b p pl , t b n b r rd. n nt nd b t: f t h . 2 f r h l r l ( :2 . Th pr n f ll h nd H L f n t h r d th n n l . Al-Risalah al-Tadmuriyyah, p 8 2, br d d. n f t, th pr n f p rt l r r t n n t h r d th n th r ( r t n , h ll t f r th th pr n f th r 2 . . bn b zz l l n t , ll h h v r p n h , h r t nt r f r th d tr n of Ahl al-Sunnah l d t b l T h . Th b t r n n Sharbad: Agidah al-Tahawiyyah.Ar Aqidah al-Tahawiyyah t lf h n f t n nt r , b t n n n th p r f th p f n . t 2 " nd l t n t r h nd b t d t r n (l r , n r tr t h . Th rr t n n : h h th t th h r t r t p f t t f rth t t t t r h (l p ndthr ft ..." 211 ll h r n t d t d p t n n f H r t n, nd th t n th Th h nd n t l th t H nd, n r th tr t h n t l th t n f H r t n r bl n ttr b t f H . Th h t ` tr t h n t . f th n n f (bast) tr t h n t v n nd th r n h h n, ll h (ta` ala) , ...Th r n th n n r t , th n th v n b ll h n t l th v n b H r l nt H ... Th r f t t n f th Mumaththilah nd t n, n r H n r t l th r x pl f th r n r . Mushabbihah. n ntl , n t ff r f r ll h th t h h H ff r d f r H n , n h rt th t th ttr b t f Th r t r r l H lf nd n t n l n t H r t n. th t f H r t n Mushabbih, f l f r nd d p d. n h d l r th ttr b t f r t n t b l th ttr b t f th h v r rt , ll h h n n l d , P r, r , p h, r t r l r t th hr t n n th r d b l f. nd H d n t L v , b Pl d, n r ll d t, v d nd nd d , mu' attil, d n r nd n h p r ll h t th 2. Th r j t d n n : th nt nd d n n p rt d th t n n n x t nt nd l f l . ttr b t r ff r d f r ll h. n th r f r , d n t , H h b l t , n l d r L f b th rv nt d p t d th n h rt , H h n l d l n l d , P r l th ttr b t . Th pl t n f th p t n t l n t p r, L v l l v , Pl r l pl r , nd H h rt th t ll h Th L v n , n r r bl b th rv nt t H nd l t h nd nd n n l n n , l p h n . L , th r rd t ll h p h, mushabbih nd n h p r ll h t n l . H r n , ht, ll nd n. R th r, th bl t n (ithbat) ff r t n th t n (tamthil) r Th r n f th rr r nd bl nd r tr b t th r pr p bl n , nd (tanzth) l v t n th t n (ta' of) n ll f t n". 2 2 t n th t th r rd t th n r l nd b l t n , th n F v : Th d v f t r th t t p rt th b l f o A a Su a n r l nd b l t th t n d th th th v r th n th t th f nd t n fr th b l f f th p pl f a a III nd p pl f ff r d f r th p rt l r th n (b n n d . H v r, th am i . n t th f r th t p rt l r th n , n h t pr nt t d Th nt t r ofal-Tahatviyyah 2 t t : "AM al-Sttnnah r th t ( f n nd nd h rt nn t b b l t nd n l f d, th r n t th n l ll h, n t l H n , H ttr b t , n r r th r, th r nl x t th t h h p rt l r nd p f . H t n . Th n , f ll h n d th th , ll b p f nd H v r, th rd tashbih h v lv d, th n th d r f p d t n t t H nd f th rv nt n d th th , ll b p pl , t b n b r rd. n nt nd b t: f t h . 2 f r h l r l ( :2 . Th pr n f ll h nd H L f n t h r d th n n l . Al-Risalah al-Tadmuriyyah, p 8 2, br d d. n f t, th pr n f p rt l r r t n n t h r d th n th r ( r t n , h ll t f r th th pr n f th r 2 . . bn b zz l l n t , ll h h v r p n h , h r t nt r f r th d tr n of Ahl al-Sunnah l d t b l T h . Th b t r n n Sharbad: Agidah al-Tahawiyyah.Ar Aqidah al-Tahawiyyah t lf h n f t n nt r , b t n n n th p r f th p f n . t 2 n l ht f th f t nd th r , t ll b l r t th t th t p n iman n th t h h H nf r d th f. Th bl Mushabbihah t n th n n , dd d t th tr th nd n ntl t n th r f r , f r th t p rr t b l f f th t h h th d v t d. h v b n d l bl f r nd n t t x d th b nd r . Th Mu' attilah h ld n t n t n f r bl n fr p rt l r Th t xt h v r l t d th bl t n f r l n h n ll h p f n l , dd d t th tr th nd n ntl d v t d. pr h nd n h ll h t ll h r t r d b th ttr b t , pr h nd n th t p bl . ll h (ta` ala) : h r , th B f ll h p nt t rd th p r tr th th t th , nd rr t nd pr h nd, h h th b l n d tr th th t LJ ,,L :b . S d n t nt n n d v t n 2 "H n h t h pp n t th ( . . H r t n n th rld, nd h t ll h pp n t th ( n th H r ft r , nd th d n t TH TH RD F ND T N: T R L N H LL H P F n p n n l d f H ". 2 PR H ND N H LL H T LL H R T R D h h l n l h n t , ll h h v r p n h , : B TH TTR B T . " pr h nd n th r l t f th n t r p bl . Th h t Th f ll n p nt l r f th f nd t n: h b n p f d n th ayah f r h T h : H t t nt, th d n : ll h h n t ff rd d H r t n n n l d r ht f n t b, .5 ,, encompass n n l d f H , v rb ( . . n al-Sind t, h h r pr H n n r d d H n l d f th t n b nt p n p f th pr nt t n , nd th v rb th t th nt d b th pr nt t n , nd, nd p t t n v rb , r b t lf rd n t th r r n t b th (masdar) v rb l n n ll h (azza wa jalla) d d n t ll t f r H rv nt t nd (zaman) t . Th v rb l n n b d d n t n n b rd n n th r l t nd d n t n f H ttr b t . ll h n n . Th , `(th n p h n t n n l2 n (subltanahu) h l d th t rd th . p n . Th n t n N th r f r , pr v l v r th v rb l n n Fr n n l , H d d n t h H n t th , th d r th t n l d th n th v rb, h r b th v rb b th th l d nt l th t bl h nt f th H r, r p rt d n th hadtth: n t n l n nd f n t rd th t (mabni, n nfl t d b lt p n "Know that none of you will see your Lord until you die". th v l oi a a io■. ■, y 2 6 . H n , th n n b th r n n p n f r h n n l d f th L rd f th H v n Fr nd n l , ll h d d n t nf r n H B r p n th nd rth . Th nt r n f ll t p f n p n th r f r t n f H n r f th r l t nd t l d n t n f H n t d fr th r l t f th ttr b t . Th n p n nn t d ttr b t . h t th t xt r v l th ff r t n f th pr n f t n l d th n t d th r p t t th L rd f th rld ." 2 th ttr b t , n t th ff r t n f th d r pt v d n t n f th ttr b t . t fr th rd n l , H d d n t t n b nt p n th t n th n t r f H ttr b t . H d d n t th f r f 2 r h T h (20 : 0. r h p f H r d r th t fr th . R th r, H r tr t d th \ 2 6 Th n n th l f b l t n t n. t 2 4 Shalt Aqtdah al-Tahautiyyah, pg. 04, br d d. \ Manhaj rya Dirasat Li Ayat al-Asma as al-Sifat, p. 24. 4 n l ht f th f t nd th r , t ll b l r t th t th t p n iman n th t h h H nf r d th f. Th bl Mushabbihah t n th n n , dd d t th tr th nd n ntl t n th r f r , f r th t p rr t b l f f th t h h th d v t d. h v b n d l bl f r nd n t t x d th b nd r . Th Mu' attilah h ld n t n t n f r bl n fr p rt l r Th t xt h v r l t d th bl t n f r l n h n ll h p f n l , dd d t th tr th nd n ntl d v t d. pr h nd n h ll h t ll h r t r d b th ttr b t , pr h nd n th t p bl . ll h (ta` ala) : h r , th B f ll h p nt t rd th p r tr th th t th , nd rr t nd pr h nd, h h th b l n d tr th th t LJ ,,L :b . S d n t nt n n d v t n 2 "H n h t h pp n t th ( . . H r t n n th rld, nd h t ll h pp n t th ( n th H r ft r , nd th d n t TH TH RD F ND T N: T R L N H LL H P F n p n n l d f H ". 2 PR H ND N H LL H T LL H R T R D h h l n l h n t , ll h h v r p n h , : B TH TTR B T . " pr h nd n th r l t f th n t r p bl . Th h t Th f ll n p nt l r f th f nd t n: h b n p f d n th ayah f r h T h : H t t nt, th d n : ll h h n t ff rd d H r t n n n l d r ht f n t b, .5 ,, encompass n n l d f H , v rb ( . . n al-Sind t, h h r pr H n n r d d H n l d f th t n b nt p n p f th pr nt t n , nd th v rb th t th nt d b th pr nt t n , nd, nd p t t n v rb , r b t lf rd n t th r r n t b th (masdar) v rb l n n ll h (azza wa jalla) d d n t ll t f r H rv nt t nd (zaman) t . Th v rb l n n b d d n t n n b rd n n th r l t nd d n t n f H ttr b t . ll h n n . Th , `(th n p h n t n n l2 n (subltanahu) h l d th t rd th . p n . Th n t n N th r f r , pr v l v r th v rb l n n Fr n n l , H d d n t h H n t th , th d r th t n l d th n th v rb, h r b th v rb b th th l d nt l th t bl h nt f th H r, r p rt d n th hadtth: n t n l n nd f n t rd th t (mabni, n nfl t d b lt p n "Know that none of you will see your Lord until you die". th v l oi a a io■. ■, y 2 6 . H n , th n n b th r n n p n f r h n n l d f th L rd f th H v n Fr nd n l , ll h d d n t nf r n H B r p n th nd rth . Th nt r n f ll t p f n p n th r f r t n f H n r f th r l t nd t l d n t n f H n t d fr th r l t f th ttr b t . Th n p n nn t d ttr b t . h t th t xt r v l th ff r t n f th pr n f t n l d th n t d th r p t t th L rd f th rld ." 2 th ttr b t , n t th ff r t n f th d r pt v d n t n f th ttr b t . t fr th rd n l , H d d n t t n b nt p n th t n th n t r f H ttr b t . H d d n t th f r f 2 r h T h (20 : 0. r h p f H r d r th t fr th . R th r, H r tr t d th \ 2 6 Th n n th l f b l t n t n. t 2 4 Shalt Aqtdah al-Tahautiyyah, pg. 04, br d d. \ Manhaj rya Dirasat Li Ayat al-Asma as al-Sifat, p. 24. 4 T : L t t n f th nd n f th n th n t r f ll h t " nd d n t f ll th t h h h v n n l d f. V r l , th tr b t h r n , th ht nd th h rt, h f th ll b t n d" 28° Th nd p ll d t v p n h p f r p n th r l t nd ll h (ta' ala) l : d n t n f th ttr b t b f t n p b l t f r n h n l d . Th r n b n , th t n l d f th r l t f th ttr b t f 4 , 4l p t j r hrt ,r,z th n nn t b tt n d, x pt b f r t h v n n l d f t .. .l . d , t■ , v. n , r f th n l r t t r b tr thf l nf r t n. ll " , Th th n th t L rd h f rb dd n r v l n , h th r th r n t p bl th r rd t th n t r f ll h t tt d p nl r r tl , n , nr ht ppr n, j n n tr b t . T tr nd p t f r rd n d n t n th r f r f t l nd p rtn r th ll h f r h h H h v n n th r t , nd n f l . th n b t ll h f h h h v n n l d " n n l d l t d j t ll h h nf r d f th t h n t v r l r th t d n t p n n l d th r p t t H d: th r l t f H ttr b t ( azza usa jalla) b H (ta ala) n f r d f th ttr b t b t d d n t nf r f th r r l t . pl.r X 6 Th d lv n nt nd tt h nt t th f th r tr n t r n "... nd h v n t b n v n f n l d x pt l td ". 2Th r p rt ll th r f r b h n ft r th t h h h v n n l ll h (ta' ala) l : d , n rt n n tt r th t p bl f r t pr h nd nd ntr v nt n f th t h h ll h h f rb dd n fr , rn d n t, nd d d nl f l f r . "... nd th ll n v r n p n th n f H n l d x pt h h H Th , n t n t t takylf, h th r t n n h rt, p n n t n r b n l b , b ll h r t r nd r f th p r n l, h h th n r t th n t h r n f t h j t th n n f r f d n t n t t d b th nd. F r n , d n t n f t r l t nd nn t r p n n l d th r r , th d n t n ll b l p n ll h, t nt n r f t tr n t r , th n l f n l d f th r l t nd tr n t r h n n l d f th t. f th r t r (Talla jalaluhu) ll b v n r . Th h th h p l d n xpl n n th b l f f r p ll h h d pl n d nd t ht H b l v n rv nt , nd d r t d nd t , r l t d n f th Mushabbihah — h d lv d nt th th t n t d lv nt f h h th h v n n l d . H f th n t r f ll h ttr b t th t th h ld f v d ff r nt d: 282 p t n r rd n th r L rd n n r l n . ll h h nd d p n th tr th h n H d n H ht B : 64 ::z 4n .A Z 280 r h ( : 6. r h l Nr f ( : . 2 8 r h l r ( :8 . 282 M l t l I l n, p. . 2 r h l B r h (2 :2 . 6 T : L t t n f th nd n f th n th n t r f ll h t " nd d n t f ll th t h h h v n n l d f. V r l , th tr b t h r n , th ht nd th h rt, h f th ll b t n d" 28° Th nd p ll d t v p n h p f r p n th r l t nd ll h (ta' ala) l : d n t n f th ttr b t b f t n p b l t f r n h n l d . Th r n b n , th t n l d f th r l t f th ttr b t f 4 , 4l p t j r hrt ,r,z th n nn t b tt n d, x pt b f r t h v n n l d f t .. .l . d , t■ , v. n , r f th n l r t t r b tr thf l nf r t n. ll " , Th th n th t L rd h f rb dd n r v l n , h th r th r n t p bl th r rd t th n t r f ll h t tt d p nl r r tl , n , nr ht ppr n, j n n tr b t . T tr nd p t f r rd n d n t n th r f r f t l nd p rtn r th ll h f r h h H h v n n th r t , nd n f l . th n b t ll h f h h h v n n l d " n n l d l t d j t ll h h nf r d f th t h n t v r l r th t d n t p n n l d th r p t t H d: th r l t f H ttr b t ( azza usa jalla) b H (ta ala) n f r d f th ttr b t b t d d n t nf r f th r r l t . pl.r X 6 Th d lv n nt nd tt h nt t th f th r tr n t r n "... nd h v n t b n v n f n l d x pt l td ". 2Th r p rt ll th r f r b h n ft r th t h h h v n n l ll h (ta' ala) l : d , n rt n n tt r th t p bl f r t pr h nd nd ntr v nt n f th t h h ll h h f rb dd n fr , rn d n t, nd d d nl f l f r . "... nd th ll n v r n p n th n f H n l d x pt h h H Th , n t n t t takylf, h th r t n n h rt, p n n t n r b n l b , b ll h r t r nd r f th p r n l, h h th n r t th n t h r n f t h j t th n n f r f d n t n t t d b th nd. F r n , d n t n f t r l t nd nn t r p n n l d th r r , th d n t n ll b l p n ll h, t nt n r f t tr n t r , th n l f n l d f th r l t nd tr n t r h n n l d f th t. f th r t r (Talla jalaluhu) ll b v n r . Th h th h p l d n xpl n n th b l f f r p ll h h d pl n d nd t ht H b l v n rv nt , nd d r t d nd t , r l t d n f th Mushabbihah — h d lv d nt th th t n t d lv nt f h h th h v n n l d . H f th n t r f ll h ttr b t th t th h ld f v d ff r nt d: 282 p t n r rd n th r L rd n n r l n . ll h h nd d p n th tr th h n H d n H ht B : 64 ::z 4n .A Z 280 r h ( : 6. r h l Nr f ( : . 2 8 r h l r ( :8 . 282 M l t l I l n, p. . 2 r h l B r h (2 :2 . 6 --" cifrainJc/'Cia?"' "The Most Beneficent ascended above the Throne" 286 "...Had it been from other than Allah, they would surely have found therein much contradiction". 28 `H d d H nd It is p n th l t b r f talgif nd f tr n t t t, H , ll h h v r p n h , r pl d Th n n n n h d h, f ll nt d t h fr h h h nn t p . d r t d, how, n t n n, iman n t bl t r nd t n n D lv n nt th th n th t h t n t nt th h rt nd t n nn v t n. nl n v l p r n. H th n rd r d fr h h p r . rd n l , th b l v r t r tr t nd r f h xp l n fr th th r n . th h L rd fr th h p r f h t n, ll h (ta' ala) : Th t t nt Th n n n t n n n nd h n pr h n bl h l b n r p rt d b l h h, R b h t ,z c t T bn bd r R h n. Th th p t n t n f r ll th ttr b t . Th p pl f n l "And if an evil whisper comes to you from Sh t n, then seek refuge d h v d pt d th l nd h ld t t b n f th f nd nt l with Allah. Verily, He is All-Hearer, All-ICnower." 2 " pr n pl r l t d t th f th ttr b t . Thr : Th nd r t nd n b h nd th t t nt f th Salaf, th t n kayf Th t t nt f l , Th n n nd r t d . . t n n nd r t d n th l n f th r b . Th rd istita Th n n f th t t nt of Ahl al-Sunnah 'without any takyif' . . h b n d tr n t v b th p rt l " a/a, t n n h r , t th t d n t n th t n n r p. Th d n t n th t nd nd r . Ahl al-Sunnah n t n l t t v d n t n tr ht, v r th n n x t n t b p n rt n r l t nd n t r . Th n Th ppl t th r t f th t xt th t nt n nt n f th t n b h nd th t t nt th t th n t n n l d f th tr b t , th r n n r ll n n n th l n f th r b tr n t r n n n n th r l t f H n nd ttr b t nd r n t b . 285 x pt H , H lf (subbanahu). (how, n t n n . . th th r ff r t n f th n n ofistiwa Th th n th t ll h h pt t H n n l d , th r nd b l f th t ll h nd d b v H Thr n , th h v r, n (azza n t rr v t th . J t th n f ll h th n f tr t th n l d f th n t r f th t n n b t ll h h h n h n n l d r rd n t r l t , l , th r l t wa jalla), b t th n H h pt t H lf f H (subbanahu) ttr b t r n t n n. (iman n t bl t r . . iman n th n n f ll h b v H F r th r n, h n l t n d: Thr n tr th nd bl t r , b f t nt n n th t xt f th h r h. L. ( nd t n n t n nn v t n . . t t n th nature f th 28 r h (4 :82. n n, th b th t n r d, 'how d d H nd 28 r h l r f ( :200. 28 Shark Aqidah al-Wasitiyyah, p 2 . Th shad: f l H rrä 286 r h T h (20 : . 8 --" cifrainJc/'Cia?"' "The Most Beneficent ascended above the Throne" 286 "...Had it been from other than Allah, they would surely have found therein much contradiction". 28 `H d d H nd It is p n th l t b r f talgif nd f tr n t t t, H , ll h h v r p n h , r pl d Th n n n n h d h, f ll nt d t h fr h h h nn t p . d r t d, how, n t n n, iman n t bl t r nd t n n D lv n nt th th n th t h t n t nt th h rt nd t n nn v t n. nl n v l p r n. H th n rd r d fr h h p r . rd n l , th b l v r t r tr t nd r f h xp l n fr th th r n . th h L rd fr th h p r f h t n, ll h (ta' ala) : Th t t nt Th n n n t n n n nd h n pr h n bl h l b n r p rt d b l h h, R b h t ,z c t T bn bd r R h n. Th th p t n t n f r ll th ttr b t . Th p pl f n l "And if an evil whisper comes to you from Sh t n, then seek refuge d h v d pt d th l nd h ld t t b n f th f nd nt l with Allah. Verily, He is All-Hearer, All-ICnower." 2 " pr n pl r l t d t th f th ttr b t . Thr : Th nd r t nd n b h nd th t t nt f th Salaf, th t n kayf Th t t nt f l , Th n n nd r t d . . t n n nd r t d n th l n f th r b . Th rd istita Th n n f th t t nt of Ahl al-Sunnah 'without any takyif' . . h b n d tr n t v b th p rt l " a/a, t n n h r , t th t d n t n th t n n r p. Th d n t n th t nd nd r . Ahl al-Sunnah n t n l t t v d n t n tr ht, v r th n n x t n t b p n rt n r l t nd n t r . Th n Th ppl t th r t f th t xt th t nt n nt n f th t n b h nd th t t nt th t th n t n n l d f th tr b t , th r n n r ll n n n th l n f th r b tr n t r n n n n th r l t f H n nd ttr b t nd r n t b . 285 x pt H , H lf (subbanahu). (how, n t n n . . th th r ff r t n f th n n ofistiwa Th th n th t ll h h pt t H n n l d , th r nd b l f th t ll h nd d b v H Thr n , th h v r, n (azza n t rr v t th . J t th n f ll h th n f tr t th n l d f th n t r f th t n n b t ll h h h n h n n l d r rd n t r l t , l , th r l t wa jalla), b t th n H h pt t H lf f H (subbanahu) ttr b t r n t n n. (iman n t bl t r . . iman n th n n f ll h b v H F r th r n, h n l t n d: Thr n tr th nd bl t r , b f t nt n n th t xt f th h r h. L. ( nd t n n t n nn v t n . . t t n th nature f th 28 r h (4 :82. n n, th b th t n r d, 'how d d H nd 28 r h l r f ( :200. 28 Shark Aqidah al-Wasitiyyah, p 2 . Th shad: f l H rrä 286 r h T h (20 : . 8 F r: n r n f th r l t d n t nd r n ima n th t l bl f r, v n th h d n t pr h nd th r l t nd tr tr b t r n l d f th r n n . n , nd ll h n b t f H n r l t . Th l f n l d f th n t r f ll h ttr b t d n t t bl t r t dh r t ll f th thr f nd t n th t nd r n iman n th ttr b t n r d t nv l d t th n l br h n n n f th . d f th r n n , th f l f t n ( n dd t n l Th h t th b l f f th Salaf f th ummah p n n l d n tt r b nd th . th h tr v r d th r p th. Th Salaf ff r f r ll h th ttr b t f P rf t n H h f r lt, th d pt d ddl p t n, b t n t r p th t f r d f r H lf th nd r t nd th n n f th ttr b t d v t d n th d n: th Mu' attilah nd th Mushabbihah. nd pr v d xpl n t n f th . T n l d , th b l f f th Salaf n f (ithbat) ff r t n th H n , h n th ff r f r ll h H r n nd ht, th ff r f r t tashbth nd (tanzih) x lt t n th t ta" til. th th r tr x t n nd nd r t nd th r n n . Th th f r th r t f th ttr b t . t nd t r t v th n th Th d n t n t h t ll h h n d r d r b d H lf th l ht, v n th h, th r n f r t n th r r l t nd tr n H B r p n th t n f H n r ( , h h ld n t r , ll h (subbanahu) d d n t th n b nt p n th r lt n nv l d t n H t b t f l N nd t x lt d t l v , H d d n t d r th t fr th nd n r d d H r nt th tr b t , h n n th rd fr th r pr p r pl nd tt n t th t. ilhad n H N nd ayeit d d th Mti attllah. ll h d d n t b t p n H l v t nd r t nd n th r l L , th d n t l n th ttr b t f th r t r t th t t f n t p f H r t n. T th f th l f r t n tr b t f H r t n d d th Mushabbihah. th t r th l t f ll th n t th , th n l d f th r r l t nd n t r h b n h dd n fr th . n dd t n, ll h h n f r d f th d t l f th D f t nd n nd f h t n P r d nd th F r . Th r l t ttl d n th h rt f th p pl nd th r nd b r tn t t, b t th d d n t n f th r tr r l t nd n t r . th l h v n d bt th t n P r d th r r R v r f n nd R v r f H n , b t th d n t pr h nd th t l t , n t t t n nd n t r f th t bn bb h d: "Th r n th n n th rld th t n P r d , x pt n ". Th th f r th n nd ttr b t , th n n x t n f th r l n th rld d n t pr v nt n fr n n th r n n , th t th tr l x t, nd fr p n iman n th nd b l v n th t ll h h r t r d th th . r iman th r f r rr t th r rd t h t h v b n d 140 141 F r: n r n f th r l t d n t nd r n ima n th t l bl f r, v n th h d n t pr h nd th r l t nd tr tr b t r n l d f th r n n . n , nd ll h n b t f H n r l t . Th l f n l d f th n t r f ll h ttr b t d n t t bl t r t dh r t ll f th thr f nd t n th t nd r n iman n th ttr b t n r d t nv l d t th n l br h n n n f th . d f th r n n , th f l f t n ( n dd t n l Th h t th b l f f th Salaf f th ummah p n n l d n tt r b nd th . th h tr v r d th r p th. Th Salaf ff r f r ll h th ttr b t f P rf t n H h f r lt, th d pt d ddl p t n, b t n t r p th t f r d f r H lf th nd r t nd th n n f th ttr b t d v t d n th d n: th Mu' attilah nd th Mushabbihah. nd pr v d xpl n t n f th . T n l d , th b l f f th Salaf n f (ithbat) ff r t n th H n , h n th ff r f r ll h H r n nd ht, th ff r f r t tashbth nd (tanzih) x lt t n th t ta" til. th th r tr x t n nd nd r t nd th r n n . Th th f r th r t f th ttr b t . t nd t r t v th n th Th d n t n t h t ll h h n d r d r b d H lf th l ht, v n th h, th r n f r t n th r r l t nd tr n H B r p n th t n f H n r ( , h h ld n t r , ll h (subbanahu) d d n t th n b nt p n th r lt n nv l d t n H t b t f l N nd t x lt d t l v , H d d n t d r th t fr th nd n r d d H r nt th tr b t , h n n th rd fr th r pr p r pl nd tt n t th t. ilhad n H N nd ayeit d d th Mti attllah. ll h d d n t b t p n H l v t nd r t nd n th r l L , th d n t l n th ttr b t f th r t r t th t t f n t p f H r t n. T th f th l f r t n tr b t f H r t n d d th Mushabbihah. th t r th l t f ll th n t th , th n l d f th r r l t nd n t r h b n h dd n fr th . n dd t n, ll h h n f r d f th d t l f th D f t nd n nd f h t n P r d nd th F r . Th r l t ttl d n th h rt f th p pl nd th r nd b r tn t t, b t th d d n t n f th r tr r l t nd n t r . th l h v n d bt th t n P r d th r r R v r f n nd R v r f H n , b t th d n t pr h nd th t l t , n t t t n nd n t r f th t bn bb h d: "Th r n th n n th rld th t n P r d , x pt n ". Th th f r th n nd ttr b t , th n n x t n f th r l n th rld d n t pr v nt n fr n n th r n n , th t th tr l x t, nd fr p n iman n th nd b l v n th t ll h h r t r d th th . r iman th r f r rr t th r rd t h t h v b n d 140 141 n l n Th l l d pt th ddl p t n n th r f Pr ph th d. Th J ll d f th Pr ph t , r t pr d t f ll th , d l r d th f l nd d th f j r n . Th r l n f ll h (ta ala) l b t n xtr nd n l n . d r t n n n th r th n t d pt th pr ht p th b t n th Th hr t n d l r th h r n t Pr ph t nd n r t . Pr ph t nd n r , l th r b l f r rd n th d pl , th th t th r n r . n f t, th b th r n nd l d Th r l n f l t th ntr b t n t nt n t d . r n th nn r Pr ph t r t h b d. Th l r t th ddl b t n p pl f ll d n n t n . Th , th hr t n v r d t nd b l v n f l h d nd th J Th l t th ntr n th r oftawhid b t n th J nd hr r j t nd d n th tr th. t n . f r th r f l l t n, th J d th t t n t p bl f r Th J d p t th L rd (ta' ala) th ttr b t f p rf t n th t th r t r t nd n r th l l t n d ff r n th th t f r p f t r t n nd th p r th r t r t r t n. Th th f r t n r nd rt, t n t p bl f r H t br t th t H r, H p r nd th t h n H r t d th H v h t H h l l t d. n nd rth, H t r d. Th hr t n p r t th r n t h n nd d f th l l H (subbanahu) Th n r h n t rl , Th R h h t n th t ll h h d nt H n r th. n t n n d f n n nd th n p t nt h n t t h d b r n . Th , th J d l r th r t r n p bl nd pr v nt th r t f H b l t th r rd t th f pr ph th d nd l Th hr t n d p t r t n th ttr b t p f t th r t r l t n. nd p r th r t n t th r t r. Th th t ll h al- Masa: bn r , th t ll h th th rd f th thr nd th Th hr t n ll r t n t h n th t h h th r t r h th t al-Masih th n f ll h. Th t th r n , l d r nd l l t d, th r b t n r t n t th r t r. al-Masih bn r L rd b d ll h. Th r p f ll L , n th r f r h p, th J t rn fr r h p rd r d t r h p ll h, n D t , n n h th r ht t b r p n v n n t rd , h n ll h nd d th t d v t ll h pp d x pt H , x lt d nd l v t d H b v th t h h th th r t l l f r H r h p. Th n t d, r p d th th r t . d r . Th , th l n l d ll h t, d r b d H th ttr b t Th hr t n r h p ll h th nn v t n th n tr d, f f P rf t n, l v t d H b v ll ttr b t f p rf t n nd h h ll h h d n t nt d n n th r t . x lt d H fr ttr b t f H r t n b n l H . H h r t r d th ttr b t f P rf t n, n t ttr b t f p rf t n Th , th J r t pr d t r h p nd th hr t n t nd th r n th n l H , n t n H n , H ttr b t r H n r h p. t n . Th l r h pp d ll h l n th th t h h H l l t d nd th d d n t r h p H th nn v t n . 42 4 n l n Th l l d pt th ddl p t n n th r f Pr ph th d. Th J ll d f th Pr ph t , r t pr d t f ll th , d l r d th f l nd d th f j r n . Th r l n f ll h (ta ala) l b t n xtr nd n l n . d r t n n n th r th n t d pt th pr ht p th b t n th Th hr t n d l r th h r n t Pr ph t nd n r t . Pr ph t nd n r , l th r b l f r rd n th d pl , th th t th r n r . n f t, th b th r n nd l d Th r l n f l t th ntr b t n t nt n t d . r n th nn r Pr ph t r t h b d. Th l r t th ddl b t n p pl f ll d n n t n . Th , th hr t n v r d t nd b l v n f l h d nd th J Th l t th ntr n th r oftawhid b t n th J nd hr r j t nd d n th tr th. t n . f r th r f l l t n, th J d th t t n t p bl f r Th J d p t th L rd (ta' ala) th ttr b t f p rf t n th t th r t r t nd n r th l l t n d ff r n th th t f r p f t r t n nd th p r th r t r t r t n. Th th f r t n r nd rt, t n t p bl f r H t br t th t H r, H p r nd th t h n H r t d th H v h t H h l l t d. n nd rth, H t r d. Th hr t n p r t th r n t h n nd d f th l l H (subbanahu) Th n r h n t rl , Th R h h t n th t ll h h d nt H n r th. n t n n d f n n nd th n p t nt h n t t h d b r n . Th , th J d l r th r t r n p bl nd pr v nt th r t f H b l t th r rd t th f pr ph th d nd l Th hr t n d p t r t n th ttr b t p f t th r t r l t n. nd p r th r t n t th r t r. Th th t ll h al- Masa: bn r , th t ll h th th rd f th thr nd th Th hr t n ll r t n t h n th t h h th r t r h th t al-Masih th n f ll h. Th t th r n , l d r nd l l t d, th r b t n r t n t th r t r. al-Masih bn r L rd b d ll h. Th r p f ll L , n th r f r h p, th J t rn fr r h p rd r d t r h p ll h, n D t , n n h th r ht t b r p n v n n t rd , h n ll h nd d th t d v t ll h pp d x pt H , x lt d nd l v t d H b v th t h h th th r t l l f r H r h p. Th n t d, r p d th th r t . d r . Th , th l n l d ll h t, d r b d H th ttr b t Th hr t n r h p ll h th nn v t n th n tr d, f f P rf t n, l v t d H b v ll ttr b t f p rf t n nd h h ll h h d n t nt d n n th r t . x lt d H fr ttr b t f H r t n b n l H . H h r t r d th ttr b t f P rf t n, n t ttr b t f p rf t n Th , th J r t pr d t r h p nd th hr t n t nd th r n th n l H , n t n H n , H ttr b t r H n r h p. t n . Th l r h pp d ll h l n th th t h h H l l t d nd th d d n t r h p H th nn v t n . 42 4 Th th r l n f l , h h ll h h nt ll H n r dl p th b t n th Mu' attilah, h n t d th nd nv l d t d th. t th b n f th l v t ll h nd n n th r. Th th t h h ll h nd H n r ff r d nd b t n th th p r nd pr ht , th r l n f br h . n h b t Mushabbihah, h t th t l v l f tashbih nd takyif t ll h nd th r th n H a mushrik nd n h d n t b 2. Th t n f ll h, l d r: t t ll h n rr nt nd h ht n . Th p t n f th Salaf th t th ff r f r ll h t n nd ll Th l r n rn n th l f l nd nl f l, h f d, nd th ff r f r th l v t n nd ll, h h nf n d b th l th n nd th tt r th t p rt n t t h p r t . ll f ll h nd H b l t . Th th r f r , d pt ddl p th Th J d l r d nl f l th d nd p r th n , h h h d b n b t n th Jabariyyah h d n th b l t nd ll f th l v nd d l f l f r th . Th d l r nl f l th d th t f b n b t n th Qadariyyah h d n th b l t f ll h th r rd t f t t th p pl , nd th v d l n tt r th t h v ( rt n th t n f th l v . p r t . Th d n t f r x pl , t th th n d r n h r 3. Allman: n , n r t th h r. Th r b nd nd h l d n f tt r , h h n t f b l f, p h nd th r p n h d th. Th p t n f th Salaf th t /man t n, nd th t t n r nd d r . Th , th r t ddl Th hr t n d n t d l r nl f l th t h h ll h nd H p t n b t n th Mudi'ah h d n t h ld th t t n r p rt f n r d l r nl f l. Th th pr h b t d p r t l /man t lf nd th Khawarij nd Mu' tazilah h d n d th f t th t f l, h th d d n l ( h h n t l ht r d , bl d nd iman n r nd d r . p t. Th v n r h p n n p r t t , th r n nd f , th d n t b th th lv h n x ll d f l d, n r d th 4. Th thr t f p n h nt b ll h, . . th r rd t th n h l n th lv f r pr r. n th r v , th r n f rth r t j r n. r v d fr t t f h n nd l th d th f lth, th l ft r h Th p t n f th Salaf i th t th n h t j r n t t n t th 28 b l v r b f h iman nd fasiq b f h d b d n , Ahl al-Sunnah n l , h v n l r d pt d th ddl nd nd th t h d rv n f th thr t, b t nd r th ll f ll h. f ll h ll , H p n h h n pr p rt n t h n nd ll th n b l n d p th n ll ff r . Ahl al-Sunnah n l r l th p pl f l th r rd t th r l n . t h t f th F r r f H ll , H ll f r v H nd pl h nt P r d . Ahl al-Sunnah r p n ddl p th n n f b l f, th f ll n l t n f th : r lt, th t ddl t n b t n th xtr t h th Mud? ah, h d l r th t 'man n t ff t d b n nd n r . Th N nd ttr b t f ll h: kufr ff t d b b d n nd b t n th war tdiyyah (Th Khawarij Th p t n f th Salaf n f ff r t n nd pl n th nd Mu` tazilah). Th Khawarij h ld th t h ( . . th n h nd nd r t nd n th rd n t th r pp r nt n n , ll t j r n nb l v r n th rld nd th Mu` tazilah h ld n t n n takyif r tashbih. r lt, th h v r h d d th t h n l v l b t n th t l v l 288 , nd th r rd t th Aii a a Su a , 68, 2. 288 . . h n th r b l v r nd n r h n nb l v r t 144 145 Th th r l n f l , h h ll h h nt ll H n r dl p th b t n th Mu' attilah, h n t d th nd nv l d t d th. t th b n f th l v t ll h nd n n th r. Th th t h h ll h nd H n r ff r d nd b t n th th p r nd pr ht , th r l n f br h . n h b t Mushabbihah, h t th t l v l f tashbih nd takyif t ll h nd th r th n H a mushrik nd n h d n t b 2. Th t n f ll h, l d r: t t ll h n rr nt nd h ht n . Th p t n f th Salaf th t th ff r f r ll h t n nd ll Th l r n rn n th l f l nd nl f l, h f d, nd th ff r f r th l v t n nd ll, h h nf n d b th l th n nd th tt r th t p rt n t t h p r t . ll f ll h nd H b l t . Th th r f r , d pt ddl p th Th J d l r d nl f l th d nd p r th n , h h h d b n b t n th Jabariyyah h d n th b l t nd ll f th l v nd d l f l f r th . Th d l r nl f l th d th t f b n b t n th Qadariyyah h d n th b l t f ll h th r rd t f t t th p pl , nd th v d l n tt r th t h v ( rt n th t n f th l v . p r t . Th d n t f r x pl , t th th n d r n h r 3. Allman: n , n r t th h r. Th r b nd nd h l d n f tt r , h h n t f b l f, p h nd th r p n h d th. Th p t n f th Salaf th t /man t n, nd th t t n r nd d r . Th , th r t ddl Th hr t n d n t d l r nl f l th t h h ll h nd H p t n b t n th Mudi'ah h d n t h ld th t t n r p rt f n r d l r nl f l. Th th pr h b t d p r t l /man t lf nd th Khawarij nd Mu' tazilah h d n d th f t th t f l, h th d d n l ( h h n t l ht r d , bl d nd iman n r nd d r . p t. Th v n r h p n n p r t t , th r n nd f , th d n t b th th lv h n x ll d f l d, n r d th 4. Th thr t f p n h nt b ll h, . . th r rd t th n h l n th lv f r pr r. n th r v , th r n f rth r t j r n. r v d fr t t f h n nd l th d th f lth, th l ft r h Th p t n f th Salaf i th t th n h t j r n t t n t th 28 b l v r b f h iman nd fasiq b f h d b d n , Ahl al-Sunnah n l , h v n l r d pt d th ddl nd nd th t h d rv n f th thr t, b t nd r th ll f ll h. f ll h ll , H p n h h n pr p rt n t h n nd ll th n b l n d p th n ll ff r . Ahl al-Sunnah n l r l th p pl f l th r rd t th r l n . t h t f th F r r f H ll , H ll f r v H nd pl h nt P r d . Ahl al-Sunnah r p n ddl p th n n f b l f, th f ll n l t n f th : r lt, th t ddl t n b t n th xtr t h th Mud? ah, h d l r th t 'man n t ff t d b n nd n r . Th N nd ttr b t f ll h: kufr ff t d b b d n nd b t n th war tdiyyah (Th Khawarij Th p t n f th Salaf n f ff r t n nd pl n th nd Mu` tazilah). Th Khawarij h ld th t h ( . . th n h nd nd r t nd n th rd n t th r pp r nt n n , ll t j r n nb l v r n th rld nd th Mu` tazilah h ld n t n n takyif r tashbih. r lt, th h v r h d d th t h n l v l b t n th t l v l 288 , nd th r rd t th Aii a a Su a , 68, 2. 288 . . h n th r b l v r nd n r h n nb l v r t 144 145 H r ft r, th b th r th t h ll b d f r v r n th F r . B bl r ph . Th n r f ll h ( p n n : a(tilah al- Th p t n f th Salaf n f n l d nt f th x ll n . Iftimail Juyitsh al-Islamiyyah Ghaztv al-Mu f th p n n . Th t th r th t pl t f th ummah n Jahmiyyah, bn l l J z h, P bl h r: t b h bn t r f iman, l , n l d nd d nd th t th r ll T h, r . h n t nd r ht b th t t n l f ll h. H v r, Ahl al- 2. Al-Igti sad fi al-I iqa , b nd l h z l , p bl h r: D r Sunnah r n t xtr th th , n r d th b l v th t th r l t b l l h, B r t. nf ll bl . R th r, th v th th r r ht nd l v th b f bn l l J z h, p bl h r: D r th r t pr d n th h ld, th t nd n tr l nd tr b l t n 3. Bada'i' th ff r d n d n l nd th r J h d th th n r f l t b l r b , B r t. ll h . 4. Al-Bida' wa al-Nahy anha, h d bn dd h l rt b , p bl h r: D r l t b l r b , B r t. AM al-Sunnah h v th , d pt d ddl p th b t n th Rafiaah nd th Khatvanj. Th Rafidah ( ll h d r th r v l nd 5. Bayan Fadl urn al-Salaf ala al-Khalaf, bn R j b r th p n n . f th v n d l r r ll f tot/mtg. f h d bn N r l j , p bl h r: D r l th p n n nb l v r . f r th xtr n th , d l f h. p t th f t th t th r n f th p n n nd n t 6. Tandhir Ahl al-iman 'an al-Ilukm bi Ghayr ma Anzala &- th th Khulafa, th r x v th r rd t l nd h ff Rahman, Ismail bn br h l h t b ( th n al-Rasa'il al- pr n , nd r rd th t b d v n . Muntriyyah), p bl h r: l t b h l n r h. Th Khatvarli pl nt d th Rafidah nd d l r d l , 7. Al-Tuhfah al-Mandiyyah Sharh al-Risalah al-Tadmuriyyah, h nd th th th nb l v r , th f ht th nd F l h bn nd l nd , p bl h r: Th l n v r t ( l d l r d th r bl d nd lth l f l. d n h Th p rp h r t d n tr t th t Ahl al-Sunnah r th t 8. Tafsir al-Tabart ( am( al-Bayan ' an Ta'tvil ay al-Qur'an), n l d bl f th tr th. H n , r rd n v r r p b d Ahl h d bn J r r l T b r , p bl h r: t b h al-Sunnah nd Hadith, th f ll r f th n rr t n f th n rd pr nt r f ll h, n f th r p th t d ff r th Ahl al-Sunnah, th n p bl h r: D r th r p t n n n rr t n . Th l p r t fr Ahl al- 9. Tafsir Ibn Kathir (Tafsir al-Qur'an Al-Azim), sunnah th p t n th t f l . l ` r f h Th r n f rth r fr th nn h, th r f l ll b 10. Tafsir al-QurNbi (al-Jami li 'Warn al-Qur'an), p bl h r: D r th t t nt nd t n h p f ll h . h l T r th. Th , th f rt n t n th n h dh r t th nn h, nd 11. Taysir al-Karim al-Rahman ft Tafsir al-Kalam al-Mannan, ll h th n h r nt nd H th n h d h h bd r R h n bn l t l , p bl h r: Th l t rd th f r ht nd t. n v r t ( l d n h . 46 4 H r ft r, th b th r th t h ll b d f r v r n th F r . B bl r ph . Th n r f ll h ( p n n : a(tilah al- Th p t n f th Salaf n f n l d nt f th x ll n . Iftimail Juyitsh al-Islamiyyah Ghaztv al-Mu f th p n n . Th t th r th t pl t f th ummah n Jahmiyyah, bn l l J z h, P bl h r: t b h bn t r f iman, l , n l d nd d nd th t th r ll T h, r . h n t nd r ht b th t t n l f ll h. H v r, Ahl al- 2. Al-Igti sad fi al-I iqa , b nd l h z l , p bl h r: D r Sunnah r n t xtr th th , n r d th b l v th t th r l t b l l h, B r t. nf ll bl . R th r, th v th th r r ht nd l v th b f bn l l J z h, p bl h r: D r th r t pr d n th h ld, th t nd n tr l nd tr b l t n 3. Bada'i' th ff r d n d n l nd th r J h d th th n r f l t b l r b , B r t. ll h . 4. Al-Bida' wa al-Nahy anha, h d bn dd h l rt b , p bl h r: D r l t b l r b , B r t. AM al-Sunnah h v th , d pt d ddl p th b t n th Rafiaah nd th Khatvanj. Th Rafidah ( ll h d r th r v l nd 5. Bayan Fadl urn al-Salaf ala al-Khalaf, bn R j b r th p n n . f th v n d l r r ll f tot/mtg. f h d bn N r l j , p bl h r: D r l th p n n nb l v r . f r th xtr n th , d l f h. p t th f t th t th r n f th p n n nd n t 6. Tandhir Ahl al-iman 'an al-Ilukm bi Ghayr ma Anzala &- th th Khulafa, th r x v th r rd t l nd h ff Rahman, Ismail bn br h l h t b ( th n al-Rasa'il al- pr n , nd r rd th t b d v n . Muntriyyah), p bl h r: l t b h l n r h. Th Khatvarli pl nt d th Rafidah nd d l r d l , 7. Al-Tuhfah al-Mandiyyah Sharh al-Risalah al-Tadmuriyyah, h nd th th th nb l v r , th f ht th nd F l h bn nd l nd , p bl h r: Th l n v r t ( l d l r d th r bl d nd lth l f l. d n h Th p rp h r t d n tr t th t Ahl al-Sunnah r th t 8. Tafsir al-Tabart ( am( al-Bayan ' an Ta'tvil ay al-Qur'an), n l d bl f th tr th. H n , r rd n v r r p b d Ahl h d bn J r r l T b r , p bl h r: t b h al-Sunnah nd Hadith, th f ll r f th n rr t n f th n rd pr nt r f ll h, n f th r p th t d ff r th Ahl al-Sunnah, th n p bl h r: D r th r p t n n n rr t n . Th l p r t fr Ahl al- 9. Tafsir Ibn Kathir (Tafsir al-Qur'an Al-Azim), sunnah th p t n th t f l . l ` r f h Th r n f rth r fr th nn h, th r f l ll b 10. Tafsir al-QurNbi (al-Jami li 'Warn al-Qur'an), p bl h r: D r th t t nt nd t n h p f ll h . h l T r th. Th , th f rt n t n th n h dh r t th nn h, nd 11. Taysir al-Karim al-Rahman ft Tafsir al-Kalam al-Mannan, ll h th n h r nt nd H th n h d h h bd r R h n bn l t l , p bl h r: Th l t rd th f r ht nd t. n v r t ( l d n h . 46 4 8171 .4 , r RB T n ,n :J nd DITJ-Tu ` n r ll N p n l nN q i iCu Ai i qs qs • c J :JDn Tnnd N L zn rj l n B F ‘ p pf. ppvpv •8 . p npj l l f nd ` L z j l 6 0 j i i i } i p pf r :J nd ‘i e i ie y q i y , qg •frz i q uq i gy s-A , ,S, A Sim i • E• •p t t r n . n p j, l l :J n n nd t p d np v, l t n2 n p R j p nl y. ie ` l l q i . u i q uu s iqy w i qi qs, • E pd D q g uu i, uq O qg i i , uki • Am e X pn T n , . l ln .pf j l j v :J n nd P nn n nd ‘R 2 l r p l T i qw isi i uqI u u g • 4 q i i s i s, u } u y (Ci iq ius i i . •..T tpn v T n n j n n L p n Jr r : n nd c uku u u u g • i :J n nd `t l tpn, n J p l: 4 . • n , t J :J t n nd sq a u u u g o ‘ i s i i , asy m my 22 0 , mm i a y . , ^ i . p R p l :J nd ‘ um a q u u s .6 l n nj pf n X f r l T p \ l : n nd ‘ t n Jr f j l d Jr v \ T :l t nd N n r r tp j t r l iq q q i i ( us ai i • (g iC u , s 2 uiga M gym m i , .i q i y . 8T 4 Xn n, l n rN l T j :J ll nd `T nLn V pr :l t n nd `pn j p nn i i u i q m u yq u u a i q m u y u g• • V J p j r r n ‘ ,( pn lp Vl llt L •( p T T Tr n J n n T : nt . n . n n n nn l pl j p t T nn nd n nt n l L T, j n t . J p n npl d , r : n nd l r ll prt nln v ei s r T r J b btp ` nv j p nL r q u yq k , i sqy • - • j r l pp( yi i y 2 . v v . n T J :l nd NF P nll tTn V, L r J : n aQ i ‘ z n j t n r q i sa y q k ya q nd ll tp prp\ j „N ll j p r nn l brb nz u c :J ll nd le p,fl j p t r n irjp,E T N, a " 2 5 1012^ 6 ‘ i i updvg g qvirnp-iv • sT NT l . r n rn, n r nN t@ :J f nd N X Tz n f p :J ll nd f 4 j q mg q kum i g i t v •8 n ( j ys , , a u } i e g u a . i ,yq q m (q • H Pf d nP ° • XT ntl f nN r :J ll nd nnfv r X n 4 F j p nn n q i u y y • a r :J l nd t pp , j I i g yi uw , u g u i( • E t Lr r Th vv t r Dr T bl lv J tl rD N :J n nd ‘TR l j n tl :J nd ` f z n l ll ‘q k i s Ai q i i us, . a gy tp t wim y u i i qc u g gi q i i . i 8171 .4 , r RB T n ,n :J nd DITJ-Tu ` n r ll N p n l nN q i iCu Ai i qs qs • c J :JDn Tnnd N L zn rj l n B F ‘ p pf. ppvpv •8 . p npj l l f nd ` L z j l 6 0 j i i i } i p pf r :J nd ‘i e i ie y q i y , qg •frz i q uq i gy s-A , ,S, A Sim i • E• •p t t r n . n p j, l l :J n n nd t p d np v, l t n2 n p R j p nl y. ie ` l l q i . u i q uu s iqy w i qi qs, • E pd D q g uu i, uq O qg i i , uki • Am e X pn T n , . l ln .pf j l j v :J n nd P nn n nd ‘R 2 l r p l T i qw isi i uqI u u g • 4 q i i s i s, u } u y (Ci iq ius i i . •..T tpn v T n n j n n L p n Jr r : n nd c uku u u u g • i :J n nd `t l tpn, n J p l: 4 . • n , t J :J t n nd sq a u u u g o ‘ i s i i , asy m my 22 0 , mm i a y . , ^ i . p R p l :J nd ‘ um a q u u s .6 l n nj pf n X f r l T p \ l : n nd ‘ t n Jr f j l d Jr v \ T :l t nd N n r r tp j t r l iq q q i i ( us ai i • (g iC u , s 2 uiga M gym m i , .i q i y . 8T 4 Xn n, l n rN l T j :J ll nd `T nLn V pr :l t n nd `pn j p nn i i u i q m u yq u u a i q m u y u g• • V J p j r r n ‘ ,( pn lp Vl llt L •( p T T Tr n J n n T : nt . n . n n n nn l pl j p t T nn nd n nt n l L T, j n t . J p n npl d , r : n nd l r ll prt nln v ei s r T r J b btp ` nv j p nL r q u yq k , i sqy • - • j r l pp( yi i y 2 . v v . n T J :l nd NF P nll tTn V, L r J : n aQ i ‘ z n j t n r q i sa y q k ya q nd ll tp prp\ j „N ll j p r nn l brb nz u c :J ll nd le p,fl j p t r n irjp,E T N, a " 2 5 1012^ 6 ‘ i i updvg g qvirnp-iv • sT NT l . r n rn, n r nN t@ :J f nd N X Tz n f p :J ll nd f 4 j q mg q kum i g i t v •8 n ( j ys , , a u } i e g u a . i ,yq q m (q • H Pf d nP ° • XT ntl f nN r :J ll nd nnfv r X n 4 F j p nn n q i u y y • a r :J l nd t pp , j I i g yi uw , u g u i( • E t Lr r Th vv t r Dr T bl lv J tl rD N :J n nd ‘TR l j n tl :J nd ` f z n l ll ‘q k i s Ai q i i us, . a gy tp t wim y u i i qc u g gi q i i . i 39. Al -Madkhal ila al-Sunan al-Kubra , al-Bayhaqi, tabqiq Muhammad Diya' al-Rahman al-A' zami, publisher: Dar al- Khulafa'. 40. Al-Mustasfa, Abu Hamid al-Ghazali, publisher: Dar al- Ma(rifah. 41. Musnad Ahmad Ibn Hanbal, publisher: Dar Sadir. 42. Ma' arij Hafidh Ibn Hamad Tlakami, publisher: al- Matbd ah al-Salafiyyah. 43. Muiam Maqayis al-Lughah, Ahmad Ibn Faris, tabqiq Abdus- Salam Harun, publisher: Maktabah Mustafa al-Halabi. 44. Miftab Dar al-Sd adah, Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, publisher: Dar al-Kutub al- Ilmiyyah. 45. Maqalat al-Islamiyytn, Abu al-Hasan al-Asliari, publisher: Dar Ihya' al-Turath al-Arabi. 46. Mh2haj al-Sunnah al-Nabaudyyah ft Naqd Kalam al-Shi'iyyah al-Qadariyyah, Shaykh Ibn Taymiyyah, publisher: Imam Muhammad Ibn Sa'ud Islamic University. 47. Manhaj wa Dirasat li ayat al-Asma t v a I-Stfat , Shaykh Muhammad al-Amin al-Shanqiti, publisher: The Islamic Uni- versity (al-Madinah). 48. Wujab Luzum al-Jama ah tua Turk al-Tafarruq, Jamal Ahmad Bali, publisher: Dar al-Watan Ii al-Nashr. 49. Wasariyyah Ahl al-Sunnah Bayna al-Firaq, Muhammad Ba Karim, publisher: Dar al-Rayah, al-Riyadh. 0 39. Al -Madkhal ila al-Sunan al-Kubra , al-Bayhaqi, tabqiq Muhammad Diya' al-Rahman al-A' zami, publisher: Dar al- Khulafa'. 40. Al-Mustasfa, Abu Hamid al-Ghazali, publisher: Dar al- Ma(rifah. 41. Musnad Ahmad Ibn Hanbal, publisher: Dar Sadir. 42. Ma' arij Hafidh Ibn Hamad Tlakami, publisher: al- Matbd ah al-Salafiyyah. 43. Muiam Maqayis al-Lughah, Ahmad Ibn Faris, tabqiq Abdus- Salam Harun, publisher: Maktabah Mustafa al-Halabi. 44. Miftab Dar al-Sd adah, Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, publisher: Dar al-Kutub al- Ilmiyyah. 45. Maqalat al-Islamiyytn, Abu al-Hasan al-Asliari, publisher: Dar Ihya' al-Turath al-Arabi. 46. Mh2haj al-Sunnah al-Nabaudyyah ft Naqd Kalam al-Shi'iyyah al-Qadariyyah, Shaykh Ibn Taymiyyah, publisher: Imam Muhammad Ibn Sa'ud Islamic University. 47. Manhaj wa Dirasat li ayat al-Asma t v a I-Stfat , Shaykh Muhammad al-Amin al-Shanqiti, publisher: The Islamic Uni- versity (al-Madinah). 48. Wujab Luzum al-Jama ah tua Turk al-Tafarruq, Jamal Ahmad Bali, publisher: Dar al-Watan Ii al-Nashr. 49. Wasariyyah Ahl al-Sunnah Bayna al-Firaq, Muhammad Ba Karim, publisher: Dar al-Rayah, al-Riyadh. 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