2014 /Pristina/ ©UNICEF

EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT A STATISTICAL SNAPSHOT BUILDING BETTER BRAINS AND SUSTAINABLE OUTCOMES FOR CHILDREN STIMULATION AND CARE In Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) just over half of children are engaged in early learning activities by adults in the household, but less than a third have access to three or more books in the home.

Percentage of children aged 36 to 59 months with Percentage of children aged 0 to 59 months who whom an adult household member has engaged in have three or more children's books at home four or more activities to promote learning and school readiness in the past three days

Trinidad and Tobago Ukraine Trinidad and Tobago Belarus Democratic People's of Korea Serbia Montenegro Serbia Saint Lucia Saint Lucia Argentina The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Bosnia and Herzegovina Jamaica Democratic People's Republic of Korea The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Guyana Jamaica Kazakhstan Thailand Belize Uzbekistan Argentina Belize Georgia Costa Rica (Islamic Republic of) Viet Nam Albania Kosovo Tajikistan Syrian Arab Republic Kyrgyzstan Suriname Iran (Islamic Republic of) Tunisia Syrian Arab Republic Viet Nam Costa Rica Tajikistan Kosovo* Honduras Democratic Republic of the Congo Ghana Roma, Ashkali and Egyptian communities in Kosovo Nigeria State of Palestine Iraq Lao People's Democratic Republic Lao People's Democratic Republic Mongolia Côte d'Ivoire Lebanon Swaziland Cameroon Bhutan Afghanistan Côte d'Ivoire Swaziland Sierra Leone Togo Gambia Honduras Gambia Mozambique Congo Roma, Ashkali and Egyptian communities in Kosovo Central African Republic Democratic Republic of the Congo Ghana Djibouti Chad Morocco Burundi 0 20 40 60 80 100 Yemen Mali 0 20 40 60 80 100

Notes: Activities to promote learning and school readiness include: reading books to the Note: Data for the Islamic Republic of Iran and Morocco differ from the standard definition. child; telling stories to the child; singing songs to the child; taking the child outside the home; Source: UNICEF global databases, 2014, based on MICS, DHS and other nationally playing with the child; and spending time with the child naming, counting or drawing things. representative surveys, 2005-2012. Kosovo data is based on MICS 2013-2014, Serbia on Data for the Islamic Republic of Iran differ from the standard definition. Data for Lebanon, MICS 2014, Kyrgyzstan MICS 2014, and Montenegro MICS 2013. Morocco and Myanmar refer to children aged 0 to 59 months. Source: UNICEF global databases, 2014, based on Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and other nationally representative surveys, 2005- 2012. Kosovo data is based on MICS 2013-2014, Serbia on MICS 2014, Kyrgyzstan MICS 2014, and Montenegro MICS 2013. *All references to Kosovo are made in the context of UN Security Council Resolution 1244 (1999). HEALTH AND NUTRITION SAFETY AND PROTECTION Less than 40 percent of infants are exclusively Violent discipline is widespread for 3 in 4 children in breastfed. Kosovo.

Percentage of children put to the breast within one hour of Percentage of children aged 2 to 4 years who experienced delivery; exclusively breastfed; receiving solid, semi-solid any violent discipline (psychological aggression and/or and soft food; and continuing to breastfeed at specified ages physical punishment) in the past month

Tunisia Early initiation of breastfeeding Ghana BIRTH (within one hour of birth) State of Palestine Cameron Exclusive breastfeeding Yemen (0-5 months) Togo Democratic Republic of Congo Central African Republic Introduction of solid, semisolid or soft foods (6-8 months) Swaziland Nigeria Morocco Continued breastfeeding at Côte d’lvoire 1 year (12-15 months) Congo Continued breastfeeding at Suriname YEARS 2 years (20-23 months)** 2 Vanuatu Haiti Liberia 0 20 40 60 80 100 Gambia Mauritania Kosovo Lebanon Roma, Ashkali and Egyptian communities in Kosovo Jamaica Arab Republic ** Excludes . Trinidad and Tobago Note: The figures for continued breastfeeding at 1 and 2 years as well as that for the The Former Yugoslav introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods among the Roma, Ashkali and Egyptian Republic of Macedonia, Roma Settlements communities in Kosovo is based on 25-49 unweighted cases and should be interpreted with caution. Chad Source: UNICEF global databases, 2014, based on MICS, DHS and other nationally Barbados representative surveys, 2008-2012, with the exception of (2005-2006). Kosovo data is based on MICS 2013-2014. Burkina Faso Iraq Guyana Poorer children are far more likely than their richer Republic of Moldava counterparts to experience stunted growth. Roma, Ashkali Bissau and Egyptian communities in Kosovo Percentage of children aged 0 to 59 months who are Viet Nam moderately or severely stunted, by wealth quintile Sierra Leone Argentina Poorest quintile Second quintile Middle quintile Albania Fourth quintile Richest quintile Kosovo 100 Belize Dominican Republic The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 80 Tajikistan Saint Lucia Lao People’s Democratic Republic 60 Georgia Belarus 40 Montenegro, Roma Settlements Djibouti Afghanistan 20 Costa Rica Ukraine Serbia 0 Kyrgyzstan o o Kazakhstan v v vina orld**

Serbia Panama oso W K Mongolia ugosla Y Macedonia

Montenegr o v

Ashkali and 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ormer f oso he Egyptian communities in K Roma, T Republic of Bosnia and Herzego

** Excludes China. Notes: Data for Belarus differ from the standard definition. Data for Kyrgyzstan and Note: World estimates are based on a subset of 55 countries covering 55 percent of the Montenegro refer to children aged 3 to 4 years. Data for tFYR of Macedonia refer to children population of children aged 0 to 59 months worldwide. age 2-4 years. Data for Panama refer to children aged 1 to 4 years. For Argentina, the sample Source: UNICEF global databases, 2014, based on MICS, DHS and other nationally was national and urban (municipalities with a population of more than 5,000), since the representative surveys, 2007-2011, with the exception of India (2005-2006). Kosovo data is country's rural population is scattered and accounts for less than 10 percent of the total. based on MICS 2013-2014, Bosnia and Herzegovina MICS 2011-2012, The former Yugoslav Source: UNICEF global databases, 2014, based on MICS, DHS and other nationally Republic of Macedonia MICS 2013, and Serbia MICS 2014. representative surveys, 2005-2013. Kosovo data is based on MICS 2013-2014, Serbia on MICS 2014, and Montenegro MICS 2013. EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION Fewer than 20 percent of children are attending early childhood education programmes in Kosovo.

Percentage of children aged 36 to 59 months who attend some form of early childhood education programme

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0 ) a e e o o o v ea v v w gia aso ana ana oir ogo oon Iraq Mali ucia vina or T occo eone Cuba Chad w emen unisia oso Belize oso K obago Serbia anmar Ghana anama Malawi Y T Algeria Nigeria aziland K T hailand Bhutan Albania ebanon Belarus Gambia Guy Ukraine gentina Geor Djibouti alestine Somalia Burundi gyzstan P ajikistan T Jamaica Mor L Moldo Mongolia Viet Nam My T Barbados Suriname Honduras P Ar Bots yr ghanistan Sw Camer Zimbab the Congo Mauritania Costa Rica f

Saint L Uzbekistan K Macedonia Kazakhstan Bangladesh Montenegr A Côte d'Iv Sierra L Burkina F South Sudan Arab Republic Guinea-Bissau frican Republic A ome and Principe State of T rinidad and s Republic of ' T Republic of

Syrian o, Roma Settlements v s Democratic Republic Sao ' Republic of vina, Roma Settlements Bosnia and Herzego Central v Iran (Islamic Republic of Ashkali and Serbia, Roma Settlements ugosla Y Macedonia, Roma Settlements

ugosla Montenegr Y

Roma, Egyptian communities in K Lao People Democratic Republic of ormer f he Democratic People ormer f T Republic of he T Bosnia and Herzego

Note: Data for the Islamic Republic of Iran, Nepal and Senegal differ from the standard definition. Source: UNICEF global databases, 2015, based on MICS, DHS and other nationally representative surveys, 2005-2014. Kosovo data is based on MICS 2013-2014, Viet Nam from MICS 2014, Mongolia from Social Indicator Sample Survey 2013, State of Palestine from MICS 2014, Kyrgyzstan from MICS 2014, and Bangladesh from MICS 2012-2013.

In Kosovo, less than 1 in 5 children are developmentally on track in -numeracy. For information on UNICEF in Kosovo: UNICEF Kosovo Percentage of children aged 36 to 59 months who are developmentally on Rexhep Mala 7, Prishtina track in the literacy-numeracy domain Tel: +381-38-249-230 Email: [email protected] Belarus unicef.org/kosovoprogramme Belize The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Nigeria Tunisia Serbia For information on the data contained Kazakhstan in this brochure: Ghana UNICEF Bosnia and Herzegovina Data and Analytics Section Bhutan Division of Data, Research and Policy Viet Nam 3 Plaza Suriname New York, NY 10017, USA Kosovo Tel: +1 212 326 7000 Lao People’s Democratic Republic Email: [email protected] Mauritania data.unicef.org State of Palestine Cameroon Iraq Swaziland Mongolia For information on programmatic work Democratic People’s Republic of Korea on early childhood development: Gambia UNICEF Roma, Ashkali and Egyptian communities in Kosovo Early Childhood Development Section Democratic Republic of the Congo Programme Division Togo 3 United Nations Plaza Honduras New York, NY 10017, USA Sierra Leone Tel: +1 212 326 7000 Central African Republic Email: [email protected] Mali www.unicef.org/earlychildhood Chad

0 10 20 30 40 50

Source: UNICEF global databases, 2014, based on MICS and DHS, 2009-2012. Kosovo data is based on MICS 2013-2014