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The National Economic Burden of Rare Disease Study February 2021
Acknowledgements This study was sponsored by the EveryLife Foundation for Rare Diseases and made possible through the collaborative efforts of the national rare disease community and key stakeholders. The EveryLife Foundation thanks all those who shared their expertise and insights to provide invaluable input to the study including: the Lewin Group, the EveryLife Community Congress membership, the Technical Advisory Group for this study, leadership from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN), the Little Hercules Foundation, the Rare Disease Legislative Advocates (RDLA) Advisory Committee, SmithSolve, and our study funders. Most especially, we thank the members of our rare disease patient and caregiver community who participated in this effort and have helped to transform their lived experience into quantifiable data. LEWIN GROUP PROJECT STAFF Grace Yang, MPA, MA, Vice President Inna Cintina, PhD, Senior Consultant Matt Zhou, BS, Research Consultant Daniel Emont, MPH, Research Consultant Janice Lin, BS, Consultant Samuel Kallman, BA, BS, Research Consultant EVERYLIFE FOUNDATION PROJECT STAFF Annie Kennedy, BS, Chief of Policy and Advocacy Julia Jenkins, BA, Executive Director Jamie Sullivan, MPH, Director of Policy TECHNICAL ADVISORY GROUP Annie Kennedy, BS, Chief of Policy & Advocacy, EveryLife Foundation for Rare Diseases Anne Pariser, MD, Director, Office of Rare Diseases Research, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health Elisabeth M. Oehrlein, PhD, MS, Senior Director, Research and Programs, National Health Council Christina Hartman, Senior Director of Advocacy, The Assistance Fund Kathleen Stratton, National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine (NASEM) Steve Silvestri, Director, Government Affairs, Neurocrine Biosciences Inc. -
Congenital Chloride Diarrhea in a Bartter Syndrome Misdiagnosed
Case Report iMedPub Journals Journal of Rare Disorders: Diagnosis & Therapy 2019 www.imedpub.com ISSN 2380-7245 Vol.5 No.2:4 DOI: 10.36648/2380-7245.5.2.196 Congenital Chloride Diarrhea in a Bartter Maria Helena Vaisbich*, Juliana Caires de Oliveira Syndrome Misdiagnosed Brazilian Patient Achili Ferreira, Ana Carola Hebbia Lobo Messa and Abstract Fernando Kok The differential diagnosis in children with hypokalemic hypochloremic alkalosis Department of Pediatric Nephrology, include a group of an inherited tubulopathies, such as Bartter Syndrome (BS) Instituto da Criança, University of São Paulo, and Gitelman Syndrome (GS). However, some of the clinically diagnosed São Paulo, Brasil patients present no pathogenic mutation in BS/GS known genes. Therefore, one can conclude that a similar clinical picture may be caused by PseudoBartter Syndrome (PBS) conditions. PBS include acquired renal problems (ex.: use of diuretics) as well as genetic or acquired extrarenal problems such as cystic *Corresponding author: fibrosis or cyclic vomiting, respectively. The accurate diagnosis of BS/GS needs Maria Helena Vaisbich a rational investigation. First step is to rule out PBS and confirm the primary renal tubular defect. However, it is not easy in some situations. In this sense, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, we reported a patient that was referred to our service with the diagnosis Instituto da Criança, University of São Paulo, of BS, but presented no mutation in BS/GS known genes. The whole-exome São Paulo, Brasil. sequencing detected a SCL26A3 likely pathogenic mutation leading to the final diagnosis of Congenital Chloride Diarrhea (CCD). Reviewing the records, the [email protected] authors noticed that liquid stools were mistaken for urine. -
The Counsyl Foresight™ Carrier Screen
The Counsyl Foresight™ Carrier Screen 180 Kimball Way | South San Francisco, CA 94080 www.counsyl.com | [email protected] | (888) COUNSYL The Counsyl Foresight Carrier Screen - Disease Reference Book 11-beta-hydroxylase-deficient Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia .................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 21-hydroxylase-deficient Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ...........................................................................................................................................................................................10 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin Synthase Deficiency ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................12 ABCC8-related Hyperinsulinism........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 14 Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16 Alpha Thalassemia............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. -
Journal of Medical Genetics April 1992 Vol 29 No4 Contents Original Articles
Journal of Medical Genetics April 1992 Vol 29 No4 Contents Original articles Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: a demonstration of the mechanisms responsible for the excess J Med Genet: first published as on 1 April 1992. Downloaded from of transmitting females C Moutou, C Junien, / Henry, C Bonai-Pellig 217 Evidence for paternal imprinting in familial Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome D Viljoen, R Ramesar 221 Sex reversal in a child with a 46,X,Yp+ karyotype: support for the existence of a gene(s), located in distal Xp, involved in testis formation T Ogata, J R Hawkins, A Taylor, N Matsuo, J-1 Hata, P N Goodfellow 226 Highly polymorphic Xbol RFLPs of the human 21 -hydroxylase genes among Chinese L Chen, X Pan, Y Shen, Z Chen, Y Zhang, R Chen 231 Screening of microdeletions of chromosome 20 in patients with Alagille syndrome C Desmaze, J F Deleuze, A M Dutrillaux, G Thomas, M Hadchouel, A Aurias 233 Confirmation of genetic linkage between atopic IgE responses and chromosome 1 1 ql 3 R P Young, P A Sharp, J R Lynch, J A Faux, G M Lathrop, W 0 C M Cookson, J M Hopkini 236 Age at onset and life table risks in genetic counselling for Huntington's disease P S Harper, R G Newcombe 239 Genetic and clinical studies in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease type 1 (ADPKD1) E Coto, S Aguado, J Alvarez, M J Menendez-DIas, C Lopez-Larrea 243 Short communication Evidence for linkage disequilibrium between D16S94 and the adult onset polycystic kidney disease (PKD1) gene S E Pound, A D Carothers, P M Pignatelli, A M Macnicol, M L Watson, A F Wright 247 Technical note A strategy for the rapid isolation of new PCR based DNA polymorphisms P R Hoban, M F Santibanez-Koref, J Heighway 249 http://jmg.bmj.com/ Case reports Campomelic dysplasia associated with a de novo 2q;1 7q reciprocal translocation I D Young, J M Zuccollo, E L Maltby, N J Broderick 251 A complex chromosome rearrangement with 10 breakpoints: tentative assignment of the locus for Williams syndrome to 4q33-q35.1 R Tupler, P Maraschio, A Gerardo, R Mainieri G Lanzi L Tiepolo 253 on September 26, 2021 by guest. -
Cerebellar Ataxia
CEREBELLAR ATAXIA Dr. Waqar Saeed Ziauddin Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan What is Ataxia? ■ Derived from a Greek word, ‘A’ : not, ‘Taxis’ : orderly Ataxia is defined as an inability to maintain normal posture and smoothness of movement. Types of Ataxia ■ Cerebellar Ataxia ■ Sensory Ataxia ■ Vestibular Ataxia Cerebellar Ataxia Cerebrocerebellum Spinocerebellum Vestibulocerebellum Vermis Planning and Equilibrium balance Posture, limb and initiating and posture eye movements movements Limb position, touch and pressure sensation Limb ataxia, Eye movement dysdiadochokinesia, disorders, Truncal and gait Dysmetria dysarthria nystagmus, VOR, ataxia hypotonia postural and gait. Gait ataxia Types of Cerebellar Ataxia • Vascular Acute Ataxia • Medications and toxins • Infectious etiologies • Atypical Infectious agents • Autoimmune disorders • Primary or metastatic tumors Subacute Ataxia • Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration • Alcohol abuse and Vitamin deficiencies • Systemic disorders • Autosomal Dominant Chronic • Autosomal recessive Progressive • X linked ataxias • Mitochondrial • Sporadic neurodegenerative diseases Vascular Ataxia ▪ Benedikt Syndrome It is a rare form of posterior circulation stroke of the brain. A lesion within the tegmentum of the midbrain can produce Benedikt Syndrome. Disease is characterized by ipsilateral third nerve palsy with contralateral hemitremor. Superior cerebellar peduncle and/or red nucleus damage in Benedikt Syndrome can further lead in to contralateral cerebellar hemiataxia. ▪ Wallenberg Syndrome In -
Pseudo-Bartter Syndrome As the Initial Presentation of Cystic Fibrosis in Infants: a Paediatrics Section Paediatrics Series of Three Cases and Review of Literature
DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2018/36189.11965 Case Series Pseudo-bartter Syndrome as the Initial Presentation of Cystic Fibrosis in Infants: A Paediatrics Section Paediatrics Series of Three cases and Review of Literature PRAWIN KUMAR1, NEERAJ GUPTA2, DAISY KHERA3, KULDEEP SINGH4 ABSTRACT Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is predominantly a disease of Caucasians, but it is increasingly being recognised in India. The typical presentations of CF are recurrent pneumonia and malabsorption. Atypical presentations are also increasingly being reported from India due to the differences in genotype and environmental factors. Pseudo-Bartter syndrome (PBS) is one of these atypical presentations which can present at any time after the diagnosis of CF but its presentation as an initial manifestation is rare. We hereby report three infants who presented with dehydration without obvious external losses. The investigations revealed metabolic alkalosis with hypochloraemia. A stepwise approach towards metabolic alkalosis revealed possibility of cystic fibrosis which was confirmed by sweat chloride test. All infants completely recovered with initial fluid and electrolyte therapy, following which supportive therapy for CF was started and subsequently they were discharged from the hospital. Keywords: Hypochloraemia, Metabolic alkalosis, Pseudo-Bartter Syndrome CASE SERIES sweat chloride test was not available at our centre so they were sent In this case series, we have described three infants in the age group to paediatric pulmonology division, AIIMS, New Delhi where sweat of 5-10 months from western Rajasthan, India, who presented with chloride test was performed (pilocarpine iontophoresis method), features of dehydration, without any evidence of obvious external which turned out to be positive (sweat chloride >60 mEq/L) in all fluid loss. -
Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 29 Due to Mutations in ITPR1: a Case Series and Review of This Emerging Congenital Ataxia Jessica L
Zambonin et al. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases (2017) 12:121 DOI 10.1186/s13023-017-0672-7 RESEARCH Open Access Spinocerebellar ataxia type 29 due to mutations in ITPR1: a case series and review of this emerging congenital ataxia Jessica L. Zambonin1*, Allison Bellomo2, Hilla Ben-Pazi3, David B. Everman2, Lee M. Frazer2, Michael T. Geraghty4, Amy D. Harper5, Julie R. Jones2, Benjamin Kamien6, Kristin Kernohan1,4, Mary Kay Koenig7, Matthew Lines4, Elizabeth Emma Palmer8,9, Randal Richardson10, Reeval Segel11, Mark Tarnopolsky12, Jason R. Vanstone4, Melissa Gibbons13, Abigail Collins14, Brent L. Fogel15, Care4Rare Canada Consortium, Tracy Dudding-Byth16 and Kym M. Boycott1,4 Abstract Background: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 29 (SCA29) is an autosomal dominant, non-progressive cerebellar ataxia characterized by infantile-onset hypotonia, gross motor delay and cognitive impairment. Affected individuals exhibit cerebellar dysfunction and often have cerebellar atrophy on neuroimaging. Recently, missense mutations in ITPR1 were determined to be responsible. Results: Clinical information on 21 individuals from 15 unrelated families with ITPR1 mutations was retrospectively collected using standardized questionnaires, including 11 previously unreported singletons and 2 new patients from a previously reported family. We describe the genetic, clinical and neuroimaging features of these patients to further characterize the clinical features of this rare condition and assess for any genotype-phenotype correlation for this disorder. Our cohort consisted of 9 males and 12 females, with ages ranging from 28 months to 49 years. Disease course was non-progressive with infantile-onset hypotonia and delays in motor and speech development. Gait ataxia was present in all individuals and 10 (48%) were not ambulating independently between the ages of 3–12 years of age. -
Practitioners' Section
407 408 GENETICS OF MENTAL RETARDATION [2] [4] PRACTITIONERS’ SECTION epiphenomena. A specific cause for mental a group heritability of 0.49. The aetiology of retardation can be identified in approximately idiopathic mental retardation is usually 80% of people with SMR (IQ<50) and 50% of explained in terms of the ‘polygenic GENETICS OF MENTAL RETARDATION people with MMR (IQ 50–70). multifactorial model.’ The difficulty is that there A. S. AHUJA, ANITA THAPAR, M. J. OWEN are too few studies to provide sufficiently In this article, we will begin by considering precise estimates of the likely role of genes ABSTRACT what is known about the genetics of idiopathic and environment in determining idiopathic mental retardation and then move onto discuss mental retardation. Given the dearth of Mental retardation can follow any of the biological, environmental and psychological events that are capable of producing deficits in cognitive functions. specific genetic causes of mental retardation. published literature we are reliant on Recent advances in molecular genetic techniques have enabled us to understand attempting to draw conclusions from family and more about the molecular basis of several genetic syndromes associated with mental Search methodology twin studies, most of which are very old and retardation. In contrast, where there is no discrete cause, the interplay of genetic Electronic searching was done and the which report widely varying recurrence risks.[5] and environmental influences remains poorly understood. This article presents a relevant studies were identified by searching Recent studies of MMR have shown high rates critical review of literature on genetics of mental retardation. -
Circle Applicable Codes
IDENTIFYING INFORMATION (please print legibly) Individual’s Name: DOB: Last 4 Digits of Social Security #: CIRCLE APPLICABLE CODES ICD-10 ICD-10 ICD-9 DIAGNOSTIC ICD-9 DIAGNOSTIC PRIMARY ICD-9 CODES CODE CODE PRIMARY ICD-9 CODES CODE CODE Abetalipoproteinemia 272.5 E78.6 Hallervorden-Spatz Syndrome 333.0 G23.0 Acrocephalosyndactyly (Apert’s Syndrome) 755.55 Q87.0 Head Injury, unspecified – Age of onset: 959.01 S09.90XA Adrenaleukodystrophy 277.86 E71.529 Hemiplegia, unspecified 342.9 G81.90 Arginase Deficiency 270.6 E72.21 Holoprosencephaly 742.2 Q04.2 Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum 742.2 Q04.3 Homocystinuria 270.4 E72.11 Agenesis of Septum Pellucidum 742.2 Q04.3 Huntington’s Chorea 333.4 G10 Argyria/Pachygyria/Microgyria 742.2 Q04.3 Hurler’s Syndrome 277.5 E76.01 or 758.33 Aicardi Syndrome 333 G23.8 Hyperammonemia Syndrome 270.6 E72.4 Alcohol Embryo and Fetopathy 760.71 F84.5 I-Cell Disease 272.2 E77.0 Anencephaly 655.0 Q00.0 Idiopathic Torsion Dystonia 333.6 G24.1 Angelman Syndrome 759.89 Q93.5 Incontinentia Pigmenti 757.33 Q82.3 Asperger Syndrome 299.8 F84.5 Infantile Cerebral Palsy, unspecified 343.9 G80.9 Ataxia-Telangiectasia 334.8 G11.3 Intractable Seizure Disorder 345.1 G40.309 Autistic Disorder (Childhood Autism, Infantile 299.0 F84.0 Klinefelter’s Syndrome 758.7 Q98.4 Psychosis, Kanner’s Syndrome) Biotinidase Deficiency 277.6 D84.1 Krabbe Disease 333.0 E75.23 Canavan Disease 330.0 E75.29 Kugelberg-Welander Disease 335.11 G12.1 Carpenter Syndrome 759.89 Q87.0 Larsen’s Syndrome 755.8 Q74.8 Cerebral Palsy, unspecified 343.69 G80.9 -
2018 Etiologies by Frequencies
2018 Etiologies in Order of Frequency by Category Hereditary Syndromes and Disorders Count CHARGE Syndrome 958 Down syndrome (Trisomy 21 syndrome) 308 Usher I syndrome 252 Stickler syndrome 130 Dandy Walker syndrome 119 Cornelia de Lange 102 Goldenhar syndrome 98 Usher II syndrome 83 Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (Trisomy 4p) 68 Trisomy 13 (Trisomy 13-15, Patau syndrome) 60 Pierre-Robin syndrome 57 Moebius syndrome 55 Trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome) 52 Norrie disease 38 Leber congenital amaurosis 35 Chromosome 18, Ring 18 31 Aicardi syndrome 29 Alstrom syndrome 27 Pfieffer syndrome 27 Treacher Collins syndrome 27 Waardenburg syndrome 27 Marshall syndrome 25 Refsum syndrome 21 Cri du chat syndrome (Chromosome 5p- synd) 16 Bardet-Biedl syndrome (Laurence Moon-Biedl) 15 Hurler syndrome (MPS I-H) 15 Crouzon syndrome (Craniofacial Dysotosis) 13 NF1 - Neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen dis) 13 Kniest Dysplasia 12 Turner syndrome 11 Usher III syndrome 10 Cockayne syndrome 9 Apert syndrome/Acrocephalosyndactyly, Type 1 8 Leigh Disease 8 Alport syndrome 6 Monosomy 10p 6 NF2 - Bilateral Acoustic Neurofibromatosis 6 Batten disease 5 Kearns-Sayre syndrome 5 Klippel-Feil sequence 5 Hereditary Syndromes and Disorders Count Prader-Willi 5 Sturge-Weber syndrome 5 Marfan syndrome 3 Hand-Schuller-Christian (Histiocytosis X) 2 Hunter Syndrome (MPS II) 2 Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome (MPS VI) 2 Morquio syndrome (MPS IV-B) 2 Optico-Cochleo-Dentate Degeneration 2 Smith-Lemli-Opitz (SLO) syndrome 2 Wildervanck syndrome 2 Herpes-Zoster (or Hunt) 1 Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada -
Disease Reference Book
The Counsyl Foresight™ Carrier Screen 180 Kimball Way | South San Francisco, CA 94080 www.counsyl.com | [email protected] | (888) COUNSYL The Counsyl Foresight Carrier Screen - Disease Reference Book 11-beta-hydroxylase-deficient Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia .................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 21-hydroxylase-deficient Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ...........................................................................................................................................................................................10 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin Synthase Deficiency ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................12 ABCC8-related Hyperinsulinism........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 14 Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16 Alpha Thalassemia............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. -
Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome
Saethre-Chotzen syndrome Authors: Professor L. Clauser1 and Doctor M. Galié Creation Date: June 2002 Update: July 2004 Scientific Editor: Professor Raoul CM. Hennekam 1Department of craniomaxillofacial surgery, St. Anna Hospital and University, Corso Giovecca, 203, 44100 Ferrara, Italy. [email protected] Abstract Keywords Disease name and synonyms Excluded diseases Definition Prevalence Management including treatment Etiology Diagnostic methods Genetic counseling Antenatal diagnosis Unresolved questions References Abstract Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome (SCS) is an inherited craniosynostotic condition, with both premature fusion of cranial sutures (craniostenosis) and limb abnormalities. The most common clinical features, present in more than a third of patients, consist of coronal synostosis, brachycephaly, low frontal hairline, facial asymmetry, hypertelorism, broad halluces, and clinodactyly. The estimated birth incidence is 1/25,000 to 1/50,000 but because the phenotype can be very mild, the entity is likely to be underdiagnosed. SCS is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with a high penetrance and variable expression. The TWIST gene located at chromosome 7p21-p22, is responsible for SCS and encodes a transcription factor regulating head mesenchyme cell development during cranial tube formation. Some patients with an overlapping SCS phenotype have mutations in the FGFR3 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 3) gene; especially the Pro250Arg mutation in FGFR3 (Muenke syndrome) can resemble SCS to a great extent. Significant intrafamilial