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Sip-In" That Drew from the Civil Rights Movement by History.Com, Adapted by Newsela Staff on 11.07.19 Word Count 887 Level 1020L
The gay "sip-in" that drew from the civil rights movement By History.com, adapted by Newsela staff on 11.07.19 Word Count 887 Level 1020L Image 1. A bartender in Julius's Bar refuses to serve John Timmins, Dick Leitsch, Craig Rodwell and Randy Wicker, members of the Mattachine Society, an early American gay rights group, who were protesting New York liquor laws that prevented serving gay customers on April 21, 1966. Photo from: Getty Images/Fred W. McDarrah. In 1966, on a spring afternoon in Greenwich Village, three men set out to change the political and social climate of New York City. After having gone from one bar to the next, the men reached a cozy tavern named Julius'. They approached the bartender, proclaimed they were gay and then requested a drink, but were promptly denied service. The trio had accomplished their goal: their "sip-in" had begun. The men belonged to the Mattachine Society, an early organization dedicated to fighting for gay rights. They wanted to show that bars in the city discriminated against gay people. Discrimination against the gay community was a common practice at the time. Still, this discrimination was less obvious than the discriminatory Jim Crow laws in the South that forced racial segregation. Bartenders Refused Service To Gay Couples This article is available at 5 reading levels at https://newsela.com. A person's sexual orientation couldn't be detected as easily as a person's sex or race. With that in mind, the New York State Liquor Authority, a state agency that controls liquor sales, took action. -
STONEWALL Riotsstro
Everyday hero. Ordinary world. Compelling villain. Call to adventure. Crossing the threshold. STONEWALL RIOTS STONEWALL strongerstories.org Allies, mentors and gifts. Three challenges. Better world. Everyday hero. Ordinary world. Compelling villain. Call to adventure. Crossing the threshold. The Stonewall Inn The 1960s were difficult Thanks to activists Raid: 1:20 a.m. Procedure was to line up community – an important for LGBTQ+ Americans. alcohol regulations were 28/06/1969, 6 policemen, the patrons, check their Greenwich Village Solicitation of same-sex overturned. But engaging 1 detective and 1 ID, and have police institution. The relations was illegal in in homosexual behaviour inspector arrived yelling officers take customers Stonewall Inn was large, New York, and there was in public (holding "Police! We're taking the to the toilet to verify RIOTS STONEWALL cheap to enter, welcomed a criminal statute that hands, kissing, dancing) place!” Stonewall their sex. That night Drag Queens (others allowed police to arrest was still illegal, so employees do not recall customers refused to go usually didn't) and it people wearing less than police harassment being tipped off that a with the officers. Stormé was a nightly home for three gender-appropriate continued. Rampant raid was to occur, as was DeLarverie fought back many runaway homeless clothes. The State institutionalised the custom. The music was against the police LGBTQ+ youths. It was Liquor Authority homophobia and turned off and the lights officer who attempted to one of the few - if not penalised and shut down transphobia – the turned on, and the police arrest her. She shouted the only – LGBTQ+ bar establishments that Stonewall Riots specific barricaded the doors. -
Gwendolyn Whiteside …………………………………………………………...…..Page 4
BACKSTAGE A publication of COMMUNITY SERVICE at AMERICAN BLUES THEATER THE COLUMNIST BACKSTAGE GUIDE 1 BACKSTAGE THE COLUMNIST By David Auburn Directed by Keira Fromm FEATURING Philip Earl Johnson Kymberly Mellen Coburn Goss Ian Paul Custer* Tyler Meredith Christopher Sheard From the Pulitzer and Tony Award-winning author of Proof, The Columnist is a drama about power, the press, sex, and betrayal. At the height of the Cold War, Joe Alsop is the nation’s most influential journalist—beloved, feared, and courted by the Washington world. But as the 1960s dawn and America undergoes dizzying change, the intense political dramas Joe is embroiled in become deeply personal as well. “Gripping and moving” – Variety * Ensemble member of American Blues Theater 2 AMERICAN BLUES THEATER TABLE OF CONTENTS Note from Producing Artistic Director Gwendolyn Whiteside …………………………………………………………...…..Page 4 About Playwright David Auburn..................................................................................................................Page 5 Interview with Playwright David Auburn........................………………….……………………………………………..........Page 6 The Backstory with Actor Ian Paul Custer....……....…………………………....…………………....................................Page 7 About David Halberstam.................................................…………………………………………….………………...……....Page 7 Interview with Actors Philip Earl Johnson and Kymberly Mellen…………………………………………................Pages 8-9 Interview with Costume Designer Christopher J. Neville......…...….....................................................Pages -
The Stonewall Riots 2/5/16 10:34 PM Page Iii DM - the Stonewall Riots 2/5/16 10:34 PM Page V
DM - The Stonewall Riots 2/5/16 10:34 PM Page iii DM - The Stonewall Riots 2/5/16 10:34 PM Page v Table of Contents Preface . vii How to Use This Book . xi Research Topics for Defining Moments: The Stonewall Riots . xiii NARRATIVE OVERVIEW Prologue . 3 Chapter 1: Homophobia and Discrimination . 9 Chapter 2: The LGBT Experience in New York City . 23 Chapter 3: Raid on the Stonewall Inn . 37 Chapter 4: Growth of the LGBT Rights Movement . 53 Chapter 5: The AIDS Crisis and the Struggle for Acceptance . 65 Chapter 6: Progress in the Courts . 79 Chapter 7: Legacy of the Stonewall Riots . 95 BIOGRAPHIES Marsha P. Johnson (1945–1992) . 107 Stonewall Riot Participant and Transgender Rights Activist Frank Kameny (1925–2011) . 111 Father of the LGBT Rights Movement Dick Leitsch (1935–) . 116 LGBT Rights Activist and New York Mattachine Society Leader v DM - The Stonewall Riots 2/9/16 2:06 PM Page vi Defining Moments: The Stonewall Riots Seymour Pine (1919–2010) . 120 New York Police Inspector Who Led the Stonewall Inn Raid Sylvia Rivera (1951–2002) . 123 Stonewall Riot Participant and Transgender Rights Activist Craig Rodwell (1940–1993) . 127 Bookstore Owner, Activist, and Stonewall Riot Participant Martha Shelley (1943–) . 131 LGBT Rights Activist and Witness to the Stonewall Riots Howard Smith (1936–2014) . 135 Journalist Who Reported from Inside the Stonewall Inn PRIMARY SOURCES A Medical Journal Exhibits Homophobia . 141 The Kinsey Report Explodes Myths about Homosexuality . 143 Lucian Truscott Covers the Stonewall Riots . 149 Howard Smith Reports from Inside the Bar . 154 Media Coverage Angers LGBT Activists . -
Religion and Lgbtq People in Us History
Published online 2016 www.nps.gov/subjects/tellingallamericansstories/lgbtqthemestudy.htm LGBTQ America: A Theme Study of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer History is a publication of the National Park Foundation and the National Park Service. We are very grateful for the generous support of the Gill Foundation, which has made this publication possible. The views and conclusions contained in the essays are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of the U.S. Government. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute their endorsement by the U.S. Government. © 2016 National Park Foundation Washington, DC All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprinted or reproduced without permission from the publishers. Links (URLs) to websites referenced in this document were accurate at the time of publication. THEMES The chapters in this section take themes as their starting points. They explore different aspects of LGBTQ history and heritage, tying them to specific places across the country. They include examinations of LGBTQ community, civil rights, the law, health, art and artists, commerce, the military, sports and leisure, and sex, love, and relationships. STRUGGLES21 IN BODY AND SPIRIT: RELIGION AND LGBTQ PEOPLE IN US HISTORY Drew Bourn Introduction The Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. once observed that eleven o'clock on Sunday morning is the most segregated hour in the United States.1 But segregation goes beyond a separation between black churches and white churches. There is a tremendous variety of religious communities in the US - Hindus, Muslims, Jews, Christians, Buddhists, Pagans, and others. -
Before Stonewall the Making of a Gay and Lesbian Community
Before Stonewall The Making of a Gay and Lesbian Community Newly Restored in Conjunction with the 50 th Anniversary of the Stonewall Riots Executive Producer: John Scagliotti • Director: Greta Schiller • Co-Director: Robert Rosenberg Produced by Robert Rosenberg, John Scagliotti & Greta Schiller 87 minutes, color, 1984, Documentary {Official Selection – Sundance Film Festival} {Best Historical Cultural Program – Emmy Award} {Best Documentary Feature – Los Angeles Filmex} FIRST RUN FEATURES 630 Ninth Ave. #1213 New York, NY 10036 (212) 243-0600 / Fax (212) 989-7649 Website: www.firstrunfeatures.com Email: [email protected] Synopsis: In 1969 the police raided the Stonewall Inn, a gay bar in New York City's Greenwich Village, leading to three nights of rioting by the city's gay community. With this outpouring of courage and unity the gay liberation movement had begun. Before Stonewall pries open the closet door, setting free the dramatic story of the sometimes horrifying public and private existences experienced by LGBT Americans since the early 1900's. Revealing and often humorous, this widely acclaimed film relives the emotionally-charged sparking of the contemporary Lesbian and Gay rights movements, from the events that led to the fevered 1969 riots to many other milestones in the brave fight for acceptance. Experience the fascinating and unforgettable, decade-by-decade history of homosexuality in America through eye-opening historical footage and amazing interviews with those who lived through an often brutal closeted history. Narrated by Rita Mae Brown Groundbreaking interviews with Ann Bannon, Martin Duberman, Allen Ginsberg, Barbara Gittings, Harry Hay, Mabel Hampton, Dr. Evelyn Hooker, Frank Kameny, Audre Lorde, Richard Bruce Nugent, Jose Sarria and many more. -
Stonewall Inn
“private” Mafia-run Stonewall Inn. The bar, one of Participants of the Stonewall GREENWICH VILLAGE AND STONEWALL: THE SHOT Uprising in front of the bar, June the few that allowed dancing, was popular with 29, 1969. Photo credit: Fred W. PRE-STONEWALL LGBT LIFE HEARD ROUND THE WORLD a younger, diverse crowd. Instead of dispersing, McDarrah, Premium Archive the expected result of a routine raid, a crowd Collection, Getty Images. As early as the 1850s, gay men The Village emerged as the first The 1969 Stonewall Uprising was a key turning consisting of bar patrons, street youth, and congregated in Greenwich neighborhood with a significant point in the history of the LGBT civil rights neighborhood residents became increasingly Village. Pfaff’s, 647 Broadway at LGBT population in New York City movement in the U.S. The uprising dramatically angry and began chanting, throwing objects Bleecker Street, was a hangout for and one of the first nationally. changed the nearly two-decade-old movement as the police made arrests. Police called in “bohemians” such as Walt Whitman Through the 1960s, the area by inspiring LGBT people throughout the reinforcements but were barricaded inside and for men seeking men. Bleecker south of Washington Square was country to assertively organize on a broader the bar. For hours the police tried to clear the Street in the 1890s had a number of the location of many bars and scale. In the years that followed, hundreds of neighboring streets while the crowd fought “fairy” bars, often subject to raids, clubs that welcomed or merely new organizations were formed on campuses back. -
LGBTQ America: a Theme Study of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer History Is a Publication of the National Park Foundation and the National Park Service
Published online 2016 www.nps.gov/subjects/tellingallamericansstories/lgbtqthemestudy.htm LGBTQ America: A Theme Study of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer History is a publication of the National Park Foundation and the National Park Service. We are very grateful for the generous support of the Gill Foundation, which has made this publication possible. The views and conclusions contained in the essays are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of the U.S. Government. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute their endorsement by the U.S. Government. © 2016 National Park Foundation Washington, DC All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprinted or reproduced without permission from the publishers. Links (URLs) to websites referenced in this document were accurate at the time of publication. THEMES The chapters in this section take themes as their starting points. They explore different aspects of LGBTQ history and heritage, tying them to specific places across the country. They include examinations of LGBTQ community, civil rights, the law, health, art and artists, commerce, the military, sports and leisure, and sex, love, and relationships. LGBTQ 16BUSINESS AND COMMERCE David K. Johnson As the field of gay and lesbian studies first began to take shape in the 1980s, writer and activist Dennis Altman called attention to the central role that commercial enterprises played in the development of LGBTQ communities. “One of the ironies -
Movements and Memory: the Making of the Stonewall Myth
Movements and Memory: The Making of the Stonewall Myth Elizabeth A. Armstrong Suzanna M. Crage Indiana University, Bloomington Indiana University, Bloomington This article examines why the Stonewall riots became central to gay collective memory while other events did not. It does so through a comparative-historical analysis of Stonewall and four events similar to it that occurred in San Francisco, Los Angeles, and New York in the 1960s. The Stonewall riots were remembered because they were the first to meet two conditions: activists considered the event commemorable and had the mnemonic capacity to create a commemorative vehicle. That this conjuncture occurred in New York in 1969, and not earlier or elsewhere, was a result of complex political developments that converged in this time and place. The success of the national commemorative ritual planned by New York activists depended on its resonance, not only in New York but also in other U.S. cities. Gay community members found Stonewall commemorable and the proposed parade an appealing form for commemoration. The parade was amenable to institutionalization, leading it to survive over time and spread around the world. The Stonewall story is thus an achievement of gay liberation rather than an account of its origins. n the evening of June 27, 1969, New York sexual bar in Greenwich Village. This was not Opolice raided the Stonewall Inn, a homo- unusual: police raids of homosexual bars were common in New York and other American cities in the 1960s. This time, however, bar patrons Direct correspondence to Elizabeth A. Armstrong, fought back instead of passively enduring humil- Department of Sociology, Ballantine Hall 744, 1020 iating treatment. -
Barbara Gittings and Frank Kameny Picket Sign Collection, Circa 1965-1969 Coll2018-026
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c81r6x53 Online items available Finding aid to the Barbara Gittings and Frank Kameny picket sign collection, circa 1965-1969 Coll2018-026 Loni Shibuyama Processing this collection has been funding by a generous grant from the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR). ONE National Gay & Lesbian Archives, USC Libraries, University of Southern California © 2018 909 West Adams Boulevard Los Angeles, California 90007 [email protected] URL: http://one.usc.edu Coll2018-026 1 Language of Material: English Contributing Institution: ONE National Gay & Lesbian Archives, USC Libraries, University of Southern California Title: Barbara Gittings and Frank Kameny picket sign collection source: Gittings, Barbara, 1932-2007 source: Kameny, Frank, 1925-2011 Identifier/Call Number: Coll2018-026 Physical Description: 2 Linear Feet7 items. Date (inclusive): circa 1965-1969 Abstract: Seven picket signs from the earliest public demonstrations in the United States advocating for gay and lesbian rights, organized by Frank Kameny and Barbara Gittings, among others. The original protests and subsequent "Annual Reminder" demonstrations were held in Washington, D.C., New York City, and Philadelphia from 1965-1969, and were attended by east coast members of the Mattachine Society, Janus Society, and Daughters of Bilitis. Arrangement The items are arranged alphabetically. Biographical / Historical In 1965, a group of gay and lesbian activists, including Frank Kameny, Barbara Gittings, and Craig Rodwell, organized a series of public demonstrations in Washington, D.C., which were some of the earliest public demonstrations in the United States advocating for gay and lesbian rights. The demonstrations culminated with a group of approximately 70 activists picketing in front of the White House in April of that year. -
Social Movements : Concepts, Experiences and Concerns
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2020 Queer Movements Ghosh, Banhishikha Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-199779 Book Section Published Version Originally published at: Ghosh, Banhishikha (2020). Queer Movements. In: Ghosh, Biswajit. Social Movements : Concepts, Experiences and Concerns. Los Angeles, London, New Delhi: SAGE Publishing, 321-338. Social Movements Concepts, Experiences and Concerns Edited by Biswajit Ghosh Professor, Department of Sociology, The University of Burdwan, Bardhaman, West Bengal Sage │ Text Los Angeles │ London │ New Delhi First Published: 2020 ISSN: 973-93-532-8739-9 (PB) CONTENTS List of Figures xv List of Tables xvii List of Abbreviations xix Preface xxiii About the Editor xxv About the Contributors xxvii Section I. Social Movements: Conceptual Dimensions Chapter 1 Concepts, Issues and Approaches to Social Movements 3 Biswajit Ghosh and Rabindra Garada Chapter 2 Social Movements and Their Types 28 Jyotiprasad Chatterjee Chapter 3 The Dynamic Triad: State, Market and Social Movement 52 Subhasis Bandyopadhyay Chapter 4 Social Change and Social Movements: Issues of Leadership and Ideology 68 Swatahsiddha Sarkar Chapter 5 Ebb and Flow of Social Movements in Liberal Democracy 86 Rabindra Garada Section II. Social Movements in India Chapter 6 Peasant and Farmers’ Movement 109 Jyotiprasad Chatterjee Chapter 7 Tribal Movements 132 Chandan Kumar Sharma and Bhaswati Borgohain Chapter 8 Naxalite and Maoist Movements 152 Biswajit Ghosh Chapter 9 Dalit Movements 170 Vivek Kumar Chapter 10 Working Class Movements 188 Biswajit Ghosh and Tanima Choudhuri Chapter 11 Women’s Movement 209 Ritu Sen Chaudhuri Chapter 12 Ethnic Identity Movements 229 Biswajit Ghosh vi SOCIAL MOVEMENTS Chapter 13 Environmental Movements 248 Shoma Choudhury Lahiri Chapter 14 Student and Youth Movements 264 Anirban Banerjee Section III. -
Nation Historic Landmark Nomination: Stonewall
NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK NOMINATION NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 STONEWALL Page 1 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 1. NAME OF PROPERTY Historic Name: STONEWALL Other Name/Site Number: 2. LOCATION Street & Number: 51-53 Christopher St., Christopher Park, Christopher St., Not for publication: Grove St., Gay St., Waverly Pl., Greenwich Ave., Sixth Ave., and West 10th St. between Sixth Ave. and Seventh Ave. South. City/Town: New York Vicinity: State: New York County: New York Code: 061 Zip Code: 10014 3. CLASSIFICATION Ownership of Property Category of Property Private: x Building(s): Public-Local: x District: Public-State: Site: x Public-Federal: Structure: Object: Number of Resources within Property Contributing Noncontributing 1 0 buildings 1 0 sites 0 0 structures 0 0 objects 2 0 Total Number of Contributing Resources Previously Listed in the National Register: 2 Name of Related Multiple Property Listing: n/a NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK NOMINATION NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 STONEWALL Page 2 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 4. STATE/FEDERAL AGENCY CERTIFICATION As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this __x__ nomination ____ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60.