BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 52(2): 842-843, 1993

THE , (), IN THE BIVALVE, CLINOCARDIUM (KEENOCARDIUM) CALIFORNIENSE (CARDIIDAE)

Jay A. Schneider

In the process of studying the anatomy of the cardiid bivalve, Clinocardium (Keenocardium) califarniense (Deshayes, 1839), a male of Pinnixafaba was found upon the bivalve's right outerdemibranch. This is is the first report ofa commensal crab in C. (K.) califarniense. The specimen of C. (K.) californiense (Field Museum of Natural History [FMNH] 12581, molluscan collection), larger of two specimens in lot, was collected in 1937 by Loren P. Woods in Puget Sound, Washington. There is no further locality information, nor any information regarding the depth at which the specimens were collected. There is virtually no published information on the biology or life-history of C. (K.) cal(farniense. The shell of the host indi- vidual of C. (K.) californiense is 30.5 mm in length and 27.2 mm in height. The largest shells of this species attain a length of75 mm (E. V. Coan and P. H. Scott, unpubl.); the specimen containing P. faba is presumably a young adult. Adults of the pinnotherid Pinnixa faba (Dana, 1851) and P. littaralis Holmes, 1894, have been reported to be commensal in the mantle cavity of the bivalves (Gould, 1850) and T. nuttallii (Conrad, 1837); adults of P. littaralis have also been reported in Saxidomus nuttallii Conrad, 1837. Juveniles of P. faba and P. littoralis are known from many species of bivalves, including two species of the cardiid subfamily Clinocardiinae, P. faba juveniles have been reported from Clinocardium nuttallii (Conrad, 1837); (see Wells, 1928); juveniles of P. littoralis have been reported from C. nuttallii and Serripes groenlandicus (Bruguiere, 1789; see Wells, 1928; Pearce, 1966). Harrington and Griffin (1987) reported Pinnixa sp. (thought to be either P. faba or P. littaralis by Schmitt et al., 1973) from C. nuttallii and Rathbun (1918) reported P. littoralis from "cock- les." Although these two species of crabs are found from the Gulf of Alaska to southern California (Schmitt et al., 1973), all of the reports of Pinnixa associated with cardiids are from Puget Sound, Washington. None of the reports of P. faba and P. littoralis provide quantitative data regarding the frequency of juvenile crabs in particular bivalve hosts. The life-cycle of Pinnixa differs markedly from other pinnotherids such as species of the genera Pinnatheres and Faba (Pearce, 1966). Pinnixa lacks the free- swimming instar (stage I or hard crab) in the middle of the developmental cycle. Therefore, the instars of Pinnixa cannot be placed in "pre-hard" or "post-hard" stages. Each instar of Pinnixa is larger, but similar in appearance to the preceding instar. Since there is no free-swimming stage in the development of Pinnixa, there are no instars which have swimming setae on their pleopods. P. faba specimen (FMNH 3575, collection) has a carapace 2.0 mm wide and 1.5 mm long. According to the data in Pearce (1966), the present specimen is intermediate in size between the averages of the second and third instar. Consistent with previous reports of commensal relationships in other bivalves by P. faba, no damage to the ctenidia or labial palps of C. (K.) californiense was detected.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I would like to thank R. Bieler and M. Baker for the loan of the specimens of C. (K.) californiense. R. B. Manning, P. H. Scott, and two anonymous reviewers read the manuscript. This research was done while the author was a Ph.D. candidate supported by NSF grant EAR-90-05744 to D. Jablonski.

842 NOTES 843

LITERATURE CITED

Harrington, N. R. and B. B. Griffin. 1897. Notes upon the distribution and habits of some Puget Sound invertebrates. Trans. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 16: 152-165. Pearce, J. B. 1966. On PinnixaJaba and Pinnixa Iitloralis(: Pinnotheridae) symbiotic with the clam, Tresus capax (Pe]ecypoda: Mactridae). Pages 565-589 in H. Barnes, ed. Some contem- porary studies in marine science. George Allen and Unwin Ltd., London. Rathbun, M. 1918. The grapsoid crabs of America. U.S. Nat. Mus. Bu]l. 97: 1-471. Schmitt, W. L., J. C. McCain and E. S. Davidson. 1973. Crustaceorum Catalogus 3. Pages 1-160 in H.-E. Gruner et L. B. Holthuis, eds. Decapoda I, Brachyura I, Fam. Pinnotheridae. The Hague, Junk. Wells, W. 1928. Pinnotheridae of Puget Sound. Publ. Puget Sound Mar. BioI. Stat. 6: 283-314.

DATEACCEPTED: October 8, [992.

ADDRESS: Department oj Geophysical Sciences. University oj Chicago, Chicago. Illinois 60637.

BULLETINOF MARINESCIENCE.52(2): 843. 1993

FIRST REPORT OF SUBERITES UNDULATUS (DEMOSPONGIAE) FROM COASTAL WATERS OF THE GULF OF MEXICO David Bass

Suberites undu/atus George and Wilson was originally described following a survey of sponges in the vicinity of Beaufort, North Carolina (George and Wilson, 1919). They described the habitat from which this sponge occurred as "muddy pools left at low tide." Pratt (1935) and Miner (1950), probably referring to George and Wilson's collections, reported S. undu/atus as common along the North Car- olina coast. Wells and Wells (1960) wrongly synonymized S. undu/atus with Chona viridis. and S. undu/atus has not been reported since (K. Ruetzler, pers. comm.). Six specimens of S. undu/atus were collected 18 March 1992 near Harbor Island in Redfish Bay, Texas. These specimens were obtained using a minnow seine (5 m long, 0.5 cm mesh). The water depth was less than 1 m and patches of seagrasses and algae were growing on the muddy substrate. Upon collection, the sponges were light gray in color and measured less than 13 em in height. They were growing in several locations at this site. Three specimens were deposited at the U.S. National Museum of Nat ural History in the Porifera Collection under the number USNM 43134. K. Ruetzler identified the sponges as Suberites undu/atus. The literature was surveyed and data bases most likely to contain information regarding this sponge's distribution were consulted. It appears this is the first report of Suberites undu/atus from coastal waters of the Gulf of Mexico.

LITERATURE CITED

George, W. C. and H. V. Wilson. 1919. Sponges of Beaufort (N.C.) Harbor and vicinity. Bull. Bur. Fish. 36: 130-179. Miner, R. W. 1950. Field book of seashore life. G. P. Putman's Sons, New York. 888 pp. Pratt, H. S. 1935. A manual of common invertebrate . B1akiston Co., Philadelphia. 854 pp. Wells, H. W. and M. 1. Wells. 1960. I. Systematic treatment. Pages 200-245 in H. W. Wells, M. J. Wells and I. E. Gray, eds. Marine sponges of North Carolina. J. Elisha Mitchell Soc., Durham, N.C.

DATEACCEPTED: November 30, 1992.

ADDRESS: Biology Department. University oJ Central Oklahoma, Edmond, Oklahoma 73034-0177.