DOCSLIB.ORG

A Revision of the Genus Allium L. (Liliaceae) in Africa

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Revision of the Genus Allium L. (Liliaceae) in Africa A REVISION OF THE GENUS ALLIUM L. (LILIACEAE) IN AFRICA CENTRALE LANDBOUWCATALOGUS 0000 0086 9517 Dit proefschrift met stellingen van BRIGITTA EMMA ELISABETH DE WILDE-DUYFJES biologisch doctorandus, geboren te Bandung, Indonesia, op 29jun i 1936,i sgoedgekeur d door depromoto r Dr. H. C. D. de Wit, hoogleraar ind ealgemen eplantensystematie k en -geografie eni nhe t bijzonder die van de tropen end e subtropen. De Rector Magnificus vande Landbouwhogeschool, J. P. H. VAN DER WANT Wageningen,1 8novembe r 1976 Viri^zot 6^3 582.572.225(6) BRIGITTA E. E. DE WILDE-DUYFJES A REVISION OF THE GENUS ALLIUM L. (LILIACEAE) IN AFRICA PROEFSCHRIFT TER VERKRIJGING VAN DE GRAAD VAN DOCTOR IN DE LANDBOUWWETENSCHAPPEN OP GEZAG VAN DE RECTOR MAGNIFICUS, DR. IR. J. P. H. VAN DER WANT, HOOGLERAAR IN DE VIROLOGIE, IN HET OPENBAAR TE VERDEDIGEN OP WOENSDAG 26 JANUARI 1977 DES NAMIDDAGS TE VIER UUR IN DE AULA VAN DE LANDBOUWHOGESCHOOL TE WAGENINGEN Date of publication 22 December 1976 H. VEENMAN & ZONEN B.V. - WAGENINGEN - 1976 Thisthesi si sals opublishe d asMededelinge n Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen76-1 1(1976 ) (Communications Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands) /f 92°f £73 STELLINGEN I De Linneaanse naam Allium ascalonicum moet geaccepteerd worden; de Linneaanse naam Alliummagicum moet verworpen worden. LINNAEUS, C. [Strand]. 1756. Flora Palaestina. LINNAEUS, C. 1759.Syst . Nat. LINNAEUS, C. 1762.Spec . Plant, ed.2 . STEARN, W. T. 1960. Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Vol. 2,no .6 : p. 182. Int. Code Bot. Norn. 1972,Art . 69, 70. II Bij hetaanwijze n vanhe ttyp e vanLinneaans e soortnamen waarvan geen authentiekedoo r Linnaeus geziene exemplaren aanwezig zijn, kan een bij een literatuur-citaat uit de protoloog behorend herbariumexemplaar als lecto- type aangewezen worden. DEWILDE-DUYFJES , B.E .E . 1973. Taxon 22(1):p . 57-91. Ill Eendefinitiev e indelingi nsubgener aen/o f sectiesva nhe tgenu sAllium moet wachten totdi tgenu s als geheel ina l zijn aspecten evenwichtig bestudeerdis ; hieraan lijkt ookd ebou w vand ehoningkliere n ind esept a vanhe t vrucht- beginsel eenwaardevoll e bijdrage te kunnen leveren. IV Bijhe taanneme n van gegevensomtren td eouderdo m van taxa uit fossielen, en hettrekke n vanconclusie s daaruit, wordt niet zelden derege l veronacht- zaamd dat uit fossielen slechts een minimum ouderdom kan worden vast- gesteld. Voorts verdient het persen vanbotanisch e gegevens in het keurslijf van geofysische hypothesen geen aanbeveling. RAVEN, P. H. & T. E. RAVEN. 1976. The genus Epilobium in Australasia. New Zealand D.S.I.R. Bull. 216:i n het bijzon- der p. 68-73. SCHUSTER, R. 1976. Plate tectonics andit sbearin g onth egeo ­ graphical origin anddispersa l ofAngiosperms . In: Originan d Early Evolution of Angiosperms. ed. C. B. Back. Columbia Press: p.48-138 , 45fig., i nhe tbijzonde r p. 53, 54,58 , 69, 76, 119, 121. V Bij taxonomische studies voor hetMiddellandse-Zeegebie d moeten onder- zoekersdi ewerke nvoo r Europa rekeninghoude n metd emogelijkhei d dat ook soorten metee nklei n areaal eveneens kunnen voorkomen in Afrika, envic e versa; dit geldt vooral voor dezuidelijk e Griekse eilanden end e Cyrenaica, envoo rZuid-Spanj e en hete rtegenove rliggend egedeelt eva n Noord-Afrika. SANDWITH, N. Y. & N. D. SIMPSON. 1941. Additions to the flora of the Cyrenaica. Journ. Bot. Vol. LXXIX: p. 33-44, in het bijzonder p. 34. RECHINGER, K. H. 1950.Grundziigede r Pflanzenverbreitung in derAegai sI .Vegetati o Vol.II : p.55-120 . GREUTER, W. 1971.Betrachtunge n zur Pflanzengeographie der Sudaegais(ed . Arne Strid). Opera Bot. No. 30:p . 22-24. VI Door Love& Lov eword td e cytolooggetypeerd ,nie td e taxonoom. LOVE, A. & D. LOVE. 1974.Cytotaxonomica l Atlas of the Slovenian Flora (in het bijzonder p.XI) . VII Het isvoorbari g om opgron d van verschillen ind evroeg e embryonale ontwikkeling vand eAnura e n de Urodela tebesluite n tot een diphyletische oorsprong van derecent eAmphibia. NIEUWKOOP, P. D. &LIE N A. SUTASURYA. 1976. Embryological evidencefo ra possibl epolyphyleti c origin ofth erecen t amphib­ ians.J . Embryol.exp .Morph . Vol.35,1 : p. 159-167. VIII Bij hetintroducere n vanchemisch e bestrijdingsmiddelen in bepaalde niet- Westerse gebieden, geeft men zich dikwijls onvoldoende rekenschap van het feit dat, als gevolg vansocio-culturel e omstandigheden, bedreigende vormen vanmisbrui k voord egezondhei d vanmen se nmilie uvoo rd ehan d liggen. IX Het iszee r waarschijnlijk dat Orang Utans voor hun voortbestaan grote arealen primair, niet uitgekapt, (laagland-)regenbos nodig hebben; hetzelfde geldt, mutatis mutandis, voor Rafflesia en vele andere plante-e ndiersoorten . Tegen: WILSON, C. C. & W. L. WILSON. 1975. The influence of selective logging on Primates and some other animals inEas t Kalimantan. Folia Primatol. 23: 245-274. X Omd e recreatieve ennatuurwetenschappelijk e functie van het Groene Hart van Holland tebehouden , moet o.a. het jaarlijks toegestane accres van wo- ningen ind ealdaa r gelegen dorpen, drastisch verminderd worden. XI In weerwil van de mening van Steam, was Rabelais bekend met de narco- tiserende werking van hennep. STEARN, W. T. 1974. Typification ofCannabi s sativa L. Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Un.Vol .23 ,No .9 :p .325-336 . XII Biologen zijn de ergsten. (Uitspraak van verscheidene boswachters). A revision of the genus Allium L.(Liliaceae) in Africa Proefschrift BRIGITTA E. E. DE WILDE-DUYFJES Wageningen, 26januar i 1977. Aan de nagedachtenis van mijn Vader Aan mijn Moeder CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION 1 SYSTEMATIC POSITION OF ALLIUM 2 THE CHARACTERS IN ALLIUM 3 Habit and growth 3 Bulb and leaves 3 Outer bulbcoat-leaves 4 Increase bulbs 4 Leaf blades 4 Scape 6 Inflorescence 6 Spathe 6 Flowers 6 Stamens 7 Pistil 7 Nectaries 8 Fruits 8 Seeds 8 SEEDLINGS 9 ANATOMY 11 PALYNOLOGY 13 CARYOLOGY 14 DISTRIBUTION 15 ECOLOGY AND FLOWER BIOLOGY 16 USES AND PHYTOCHEMISTRY 17 TYPIFICATION 18 ADDITIONAL REMARKS ON THE PRESENTATION OF DATA 19 SUBDIVISION INTO SECTIONS 20 DESCRIPTION OF THE GENUS ALLIUM 23 KEY TO THE SECTIONS AND SPECIES 25 DESCRIPTIONS OF SECTIONS AND SPECIES 29 NAMES EXCLUDED FOR AFRICA 212 GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY 213 SUMMARY (English) 222 (Dutch) 223 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 225 INDEX OF NAMES 226 ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF ACCEPTED SECTION- AND SPECIES NAMES Page Section Allium 29 Briseis 113 Codonoprasum 91 Melanocrommyum 188 Molium 120 Schoenoprasum 83 Allium ampeloprasum 63 ascalonicum 54 baeticum 78 blomfleldianum 185 cepa 84 chamaemoly 153 crameri 208 cupani 109 dregeanum 75 erdelii 121 fistulosum 87 guttatum 34 longanum 143 mareoticum 41 massaessylum 165 neapolitanum 158 nigrum 193 ssp. multibulbosum 195 ssp. nigrum 196 orientate 200 paniculatum 95 papillare 147 roseum 169 ruhmerianum 182 sativum 59 var. ophioscorodon 62 var. sativum 60 schoenoprasum 89 schubertii 188 sphaerocephalum 44 ssp. curtum 52 ssp. durandoi 50 ssp. sphaerocephalum 46 subhirsutum 126 ssp. spathaceum 142 ssp. subhirsutum 131 ssp. subvillosum 137 tourneuxii 150 trichocnemis 92 triquetrum 113 vineale 29 INTRODUCTION Being well acquainted with theLaborator y for Plant Taxonomy and Plant Geography of the Agricultural University at Wageningen after nearly 4 years of botanical activities in tropical Africa, andafte r having received the degree of M.Sc. at the University ofLeyde n in 1966,1 was glad tostart , atth e instiga­ tion ofProf .dr .H .C .D . DE WIT, arevisio n ofth e genus Allium forAfrica .Th e rich assortment of Allium taxa grown in the botanical garden had drawn my attention andle dtoward s this decision. During the several years ofth e present study on Allium still more specimens from Europe and North Africa were taken into cultivation, which, in addition to the rich herbarium collections examined in the major European and North African herbaria, proved very helpful fora goo d understanding of the species. Allium inAfric a islargel yconfine d to the Mediterranean region which implied that the North African taxa could not be satisfactorily delimited and named without an accompanying study of the taxa occurring in the northern and eastern parts ofth e Mediterranean vegetation. All more recent treatments of North African Allium were inloca l floras, e.g. PAMPANINI (1931) for the Cyre- naica, CUENOD (1954) for Tunisia, QUEZEL & SANTA (1962) for Algeria, and TACKHOLM & DRAR (1954) forEgypt , apart from the several precursory papers by MAIREc.s. ,resultin g in MAIRE'Streatmen t ofth e genusfo r thewhol e of North Africa in the 'Flore d'Afrique du Nord' (1958). Besides these works, several recent papers by FEINBRUN and KOLLMANN for theNea r East, mainly Israel, and by VON BOTHMER and EKBERG for theAegea n area were of great impor­ tance. The above mentioned earlier botanists dealing with African Allium hadpai d but little attention to the taxa described from Europe and the students of European or eastern Mediterranean Allium hardly took notice of those from Africa. The present study, including the examination of a great part ofth e European-Mediterranean material, forced me to accept a rather broad species concept, andtherefor e brought about several name changes andth e reduction into synonymy of many names ascompare d to MAIRE'S treatment. Nomenclature, first ofall , demanded that the Linnean binomials for Allium speciespossibl y found inAfric a betypified , which led toa previou s publication by me on the subject: 'Typification of 23Allium species described by LINNAEUS and possibly occurring in Africa', (Primitiae Africanae 9), in Taxon 22(1), 1973, p. 57-91. This article forms the first part of my present doctor's thesis. Meded.Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen 76-11 (1976) SYSTEMATIC POSITION OF ALLIUM The genus Allium occupies, together with a few related genera, as there are the South American genus Nothoscordum KUNTH, and many other small South American genera including Ipheion RAFINBSQUE, the SW. Asian genus Nectaroscordum LINDLEY, and possibly the South African genus Tulbaghia L., a rather intermediate position between Liliaceae and Amaryllidaceae.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Allium Albanicum (Amaryllidaceae), a New Species from Balkans and Its
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal PhytoKeys 119: 117–136Allium (2019) albanicum (Amaryllidaceae), a new species from Balkans... 117 doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.119.30790 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://phytokeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Allium albanicum (Amaryllidaceae), a new species from Balkans and its relationships with A. meteoricum Heldr. & Hausskn. ex Halácsy Salvatore Brullo1, Cristian Brullo2, Salvatore Cambria1, Giampietro Giusso del Galdo1, Cristina Salmeri2 1 Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Catania University, Via A. Longo 19, 95125 Catania, Italy 2 Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Palermo University, Via Archirafi 38, 90123 Palermo, Italy Corresponding author: Cristina Salmeri ([email protected]) Academic editor: L. Peruzzi | Received 26 October 2018 | Accepted 9 January 2019 | Published 11 April 2019 Citation: Brullo S, Brullo C, Cambria S, Giusso del Galdo G, Salmeri C (2019) Allium albanicum (Amaryllidaceae), a new species from Balkans and its relationships with A. meteoricum Heldr. & Hausskn. ex Halácsy. PhytoKeys 119: 117–136. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.119.30790 Abstract A new species, Allium albanicum, is described and illustrated from Albania (Balkan Peninsula). It grows on serpentines or limestone in open rocky stands with a scattered distribution, mainly in mountain loca- tions. Previously, the populations of this geophyte were attributed to A. meteoricum Heldr. & Hausskn. ex Halácsy, described from a few localities of North and Central Greece. These two species indeed show close relationships, chiefly regarding some features of the spathe valves, inflorescence and floral parts. They also share the same diploid chromosome number 2n =16 and similar karyotype, while seed testa micro- sculptures and leaf anatomy reveal remarkable differences.
    [Show full text]
  • Karyologická Variabilita Vybraných Taxonů Rodu Allium V Evropě Alena
    UNIVERZITA PALACKÉHO V OLOMOUCI Přírodov ědecká fakulta Katedra botaniky Karyologická variabilita vybraných taxon ů rodu Allium v Evrop ě Diplomová práce Alena VÁ ŇOVÁ obor: T ělesná výchova - Biologie Prezen ční studium Vedoucí práce: RNDr. Martin Duchoslav, Ph.D. Olomouc 2011 Prohlašuji, že jsem zadanou diplomovou práci vypracovala samostatn ě s použitím citované literatury a konzultací. V Olomouci dne: 14.1.2011 ................................................. Pod ěkování Ráda bych pod ěkovala všem, co mi v jakémkoli ohledu pomohli. P ředevším svému vedoucímu diplomové práce RNDr. Martinu Duchoslavovi, PhD., a to nejen za cenné rady a pomoc p ři práci, ale p ředevším za velké množství trp ělivosti. Stejn ě tak d ěkuji Mgr. Míše Jandové za veškerý čas, který mi v ěnovala, Tereze P ěnkavové za pomoc ve skleníku a odd ělení fytopatologie za možnost využívat jejich laborato ří. Samoz řejm ě mé díky pat ří i všem blízkým, kte ří m ě po dobu studia podporovali. Bibliografická identifikace Jméno a p říjmení autora : Alena Vá ňová Název práce : Karyologická variabilita vybraných taxon ů rodu Allium v Evrop ě. Typ práce : Diplomová Pracovišt ě: Katedra botaniky, P řírodov ědecká fakulta Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci Vedoucí práce : RNDr. Martin Duchoslav, Ph.D. Rok obhajoby práce : 2011 Abstrakt : Diplomová práce m ěla za cíl postihnout karyologickou variabilitu (chromozomový po čet, ploidní úrove ň a DNA-ploidní úrove ň) a velikost jaderné DNA (2C) vybraných taxon ů rodu Allium pro populace získané z různých částí Evropy. Celkov ě bylo pomocí karyologických metod prov ěř eno 550 jedinc ů u 14 taxon ů rodu Allium : A. albidum, A.
    [Show full text]
  • Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
    Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese
    [Show full text]
  • Complete Chloroplast Genomes Shed Light on Phylogenetic
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Complete chloroplast genomes shed light on phylogenetic relationships, divergence time, and biogeography of Allioideae (Amaryllidaceae) Ju Namgung1,4, Hoang Dang Khoa Do1,2,4, Changkyun Kim1, Hyeok Jae Choi3 & Joo‑Hwan Kim1* Allioideae includes economically important bulb crops such as garlic, onion, leeks, and some ornamental plants in Amaryllidaceae. Here, we reported the complete chloroplast genome (cpDNA) sequences of 17 species of Allioideae, fve of Amaryllidoideae, and one of Agapanthoideae. These cpDNA sequences represent 80 protein‑coding, 30 tRNA, and four rRNA genes, and range from 151,808 to 159,998 bp in length. Loss and pseudogenization of multiple genes (i.e., rps2, infA, and rpl22) appear to have occurred multiple times during the evolution of Alloideae. Additionally, eight mutation hotspots, including rps15-ycf1, rps16-trnQ-UUG, petG-trnW-CCA , psbA upstream, rpl32- trnL-UAG , ycf1, rpl22, matK, and ndhF, were identifed in the studied Allium species. Additionally, we present the frst phylogenomic analysis among the four tribes of Allioideae based on 74 cpDNA coding regions of 21 species of Allioideae, fve species of Amaryllidoideae, one species of Agapanthoideae, and fve species representing selected members of Asparagales. Our molecular phylogenomic results strongly support the monophyly of Allioideae, which is sister to Amaryllioideae. Within Allioideae, Tulbaghieae was sister to Gilliesieae‑Leucocoryneae whereas Allieae was sister to the clade of Tulbaghieae‑ Gilliesieae‑Leucocoryneae. Molecular dating analyses revealed the crown age of Allioideae in the Eocene (40.1 mya) followed by diferentiation of Allieae in the early Miocene (21.3 mya). The split of Gilliesieae from Leucocoryneae was estimated at 16.5 mya.
    [Show full text]
  • Growing Scallions (Green Onions) for Market Gardeners
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Historical Materials from University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension Extension 2004 Growing Scallions (Green Onions) for Market Gardeners Laurie Hodges University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/extensionhist Part of the Agriculture Commons, and the Curriculum and Instruction Commons Hodges, Laurie, "Growing Scallions (Green Onions) for Market Gardeners" (2004). Historical Materials from University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension. 76. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/extensionhist/76 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Extension at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Historical Materials from University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. NF607 Growing Scallions (Green Onions) for Market Gardeners By Laurie Hodges, Extension Horticulturist Growing scallions (green onions) can provide market pricing. For a list of seed sources, see NebFact 92-80, gardeners with early cash flow and customers with quality General and Specialty Mail-Order Seed Sources, and NebFact increases in storage life, freshness and flavor. Growing 96-274, Seed Sources for Commercial Vegetable Production. quality scallions is easier than growing quality bulb onions A few suppliers are listed at the end of this publication. simply because they are in the field for a shorter time and Optimum growing conditions for scallions include well- bulb formation is not an issue when growing true scallions. drained sandy loam soil and cool conditions. The soil must The scallion is not the same as the leafy top of a be prepared to create a fine, smooth seed bed because the bulbing onion.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Essential Oil from Leaves and Bulbs of Allium Atroviolaceum
    Brief Communication and Method report 2020;3(1):e8 Analysis of essential oil from leaves and Bulbs of Allium atroviolaceum a a b c* Parniyan Sebtosheikh , Mahnaz Qomi , Shima Ghadami , Faraz Mojab a. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. b. Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. c. School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Article Info: Abstract: Received: September 2020 Introduction: Medicinal plants used in traditional medicine as prevention and treatment Accepted: September 2020 of disease and illness or use in foods, has a long history. Plants belonging to genera Published online: Allium have widely been acquired as food and medicine. In many countries, including September 2020 Iran, a variety of species of the genus Allium such as garlic, onions, leeks, shallots, etc use for food and medicinal uses. Methods and Results: The leaves and bulbs of Allium atroviolaceum, collected from * Corresponding Author: Borujerd (Lorestan Province, Iran) in May 2015 and their essential oils of were obtained Faraz Mojab Email: [email protected] by hydro-distillation. The oils were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and their chemical composition was identified. The major constituents of A. atroviolaceum leaves oil were dimethyl trisulfide (59.0%), ethyl linolenate (12.4%), phytol (11.4%) and in bulb oil were methyl methyl thiomethyl disulfide (61.3%), dimethyl trisulfide (15.1%) and methyl allyl disulfide (4.3%). The major constituents of both essential oils are sulfur compounds. Conclusion: The results of the present study can help to increase of our information about composition of an edible herb in Iran.
    [Show full text]
  • (Al- Lium Sativum.L) “Holetta Local” and “Kuriftu” Varieties Using Shoot Tip Culture
    In Vitro Micropropagation Protocol Optimization of Garlic (Al- lium sativum.L) “Holetta Local” and “Kuriftu” Varieties Using Shoot Tip Culture By Misgana Chala Gemachu A Thesis Submitted to Department of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Science Presented in Partial Fulfillment for the Requirements of Master of Science in Applied Biology (Biotechnology) Office of Graduate Studies Adama Science and Technology University June, 2021 Adama, Ethiopia In Vitro Micropropagation Protocol Optimization of Garlic (Al- lium sativum.L) “Holetta Local” and “Kuriftu” Varieties Using Shoot Tip Culture By Misgana Chala Gemachu Advisor: Mulugeta Kebede (PhD) Co-advisor: Adugna Mosisa (MSc) A Thesis Submitted to Department of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Science Presented in Partial Fulfillment for the Requirements of Master of Science in Applied Biology (Biotechnology) Office of Graduate Studies Adama Science and Technology University June, 2021 Adama, Ethiopia DECLARATION I hereby declare that this Master Thesis entitled “In Vitro Micropropagation Protocol Optimization of Garlic (Allium sativum.L) “Holetta Local” and “Kuriftu” Varieties Using Shoot Tip Culture” is my original work. That is, it has not been submitted for the award of any academic degree, diploma or certificate in any other university. All sources of materials that are used for this thesis have been duly acknowledged through citation. Misgana Chala __________________ _________________ Name of the student Signature Date Recommendation We, the advisors of this thesis, hereby certify that we have read the revised version of the thesis entitled “In Vitro Micropropagation Protocol Optimization of Garlic (Allium sativum.L) “Holetta Local” and “Kuriftu” Varieties Using Shoot Tip Culture” prepared under our guidance by Misgana Chala Gemachu submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Mater’s of Science in Applied Biology (Biotechnology).
    [Show full text]
  • Determination of Bioactive Compounds in Leek (Allium Ampeloprasum Var
    Arch Public Health 2010, 68 (Supplement 2), S57 Determination of bioactive compounds in leek (Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum) by Bernaert N1,2, Van Droogenbroek B1, Van Bockstaele E1,2, Stewart D3, De Loose M1,4 Leek (Allium ampeloprasum var. porrum) is in Flanders one of the most important crops cul- tivated outdoors. But, it is a product with a rather old fashioned and traditional image, as well on the mode of commercializing as on the mode of use. This research project aims to create innovation and market growth by analyzing specific bioactive compounds in leek like flavon- oids, organosulfur compounds and inulin. Before analyzing this specific compounds, we started with the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assay for analyzing the anti- oxidant capacity in 34 leek varieties and 6 related species. The antioxidant capacity in the green part of leek was significant higher in most varieties in comparison with the white part. Related species like shallot also showed a significant higher ORAC value. In a later phase the influence of processing techniques on the content of these compounds will be analyzed, what can result in suggestions for improved processing methods with a maximal preservation of the desired compounds. Analyses of flavonoids and organosulfur compounds will be done using high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spec- trometry. The determination of inulin on the other hand will be accomplished with the help of high performance liquid chromatography with refractive index detector. The knowledge built up around bioactive compounds in leek will be communicated to research/practice centers, breeding stations and other interested parties.
    [Show full text]
  • Classical and Hebrew Sages on Cultivated Biennial Plants Part II
    Classical and Hebrew Sages on Cultivated Biennial Plants Part II Moshe Negbi, Eliezer Ε. Goldschmidt and Nikolaj Serikoff Liliaceae Allium Theophrastus, with his profound botanical understanding, grouped together the members of the genus Allium known to him: onion (kromnon, A. cepa), leek (prason, A. porrum), garlic (skordon, A. sativum), long onion (gethnon, A. cepa var.1), horn onion (geteion, A. cepa var.) and shallot (kromnon to skhiston, A. ascalonicum). Moreover, in morphologi­ cal and developmental aspects he compared the Allium species to other monocotyledon- ous geophytes.2 Following Theophrastus we deal with them together. On seed, sowing, germination and vegetative reproduction I: Seed does not keep well ... among the more vigorous ones are ... leek ... among the less vigorous are long onion — which will not keep ... (HP 7.5.5). The second period [of sowing] begins after the winter solstice in the month of Gamelion (January), in which they scatter or plant the seed of leeks, celery, long onion and orach ... Leek and long onion do not take the same time [to germinate], but the former 19 to 20 days, the latter 10 to 12 (HP 7Ἰ.2-3). Another thing that makes a difference as to the ra­ pidity with which the seeds germinate is their age; for some herbs come up quicker from fresh seed, as leek, long onion ... (HP 7.1.6). All these herbs are propagated from seed, and some also by ... a piece of root... By root [bulb!] are planted garlic, onion ... and in general such bulbous plants (HP 7.2Ἰ).3 On their leaves: ... in most potherbs [leaves] grow directly from the root, as in onion, garlic, chicory, and also in asphodel, squill and purse-tassels ..
    [Show full text]
  • TELOPEA Publication Date: 13 October 1983 Til
    Volume 2(4): 425–452 TELOPEA Publication Date: 13 October 1983 Til. Ro)'al BOTANIC GARDENS dx.doi.org/10.7751/telopea19834408 Journal of Plant Systematics 6 DOPII(liPi Tmst plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/Telopea • escholarship.usyd.edu.au/journals/index.php/TEL· ISSN 0312-9764 (Print) • ISSN 2200-4025 (Online) Telopea 2(4): 425-452, Fig. 1 (1983) 425 CURRENT ANATOMICAL RESEARCH IN LILIACEAE, AMARYLLIDACEAE AND IRIDACEAE* D.F. CUTLER AND MARY GREGORY (Accepted for publication 20.9.1982) ABSTRACT Cutler, D.F. and Gregory, Mary (Jodrell(Jodrel/ Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, England) 1983. Current anatomical research in Liliaceae, Amaryllidaceae and Iridaceae. Telopea 2(4): 425-452, Fig.1-An annotated bibliography is presented covering literature over the period 1968 to date. Recent research is described and areas of future work are discussed. INTRODUCTION In this article, the literature for the past twelve or so years is recorded on the anatomy of Liliaceae, AmarylIidaceae and Iridaceae and the smaller, related families, Alliaceae, Haemodoraceae, Hypoxidaceae, Ruscaceae, Smilacaceae and Trilliaceae. Subjects covered range from embryology, vegetative and floral anatomy to seed anatomy. A format is used in which references are arranged alphabetically, numbered and annotated, so that the reader can rapidly obtain an idea of the range and contents of papers on subjects of particular interest to him. The main research trends have been identified, classified, and check lists compiled for the major headings. Current systematic anatomy on the 'Anatomy of the Monocotyledons' series is reported. Comment is made on areas of research which might prove to be of future significance.
    [Show full text]
  • Recent Progress in Plant Taxonomy and Floristic Studies in Greece
    41 (2): (2017) 123-152 Review article Recent progress in plant taxonomy and floristic studies in Greece Arne Strid1 and Kit Tan 2✳ 1 Bakkevej 6, DK-5853 Ørbæk, Denmark 2 Institute of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2D, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark ABSTraCT: A survey of developments in plant taxonomy, floristics, and phytogeography in Greece during 2005 to 2016 is presented. Species diversity in different areas and on different scales is summarised in five maps. A list of new taxa described during this period is provided, together with their type citations and taxonomic comments where relevant; almost all of the taxa are based on Greek plant material. Keywords: Flora Hellenica, Flora Hellenica Bibliography, Flora Hellenica Database, floristics, phytogeography, species diversity, Greece Received: 31 March 2017 Revision accepted: 10 August 2017 UDC: 581.92+581.96(495)”2005/2016” DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1026649 INTRODUCTION on literature reports, and the rest on field notes, photographs, etc. Each record in the database generally Flora Hellenica was envisaged to be a comprehensive contains the data provided in a good herbarium label, Flora for the whole of Greece as politically constituted including geographical coordinates (degrees and today. Two volumes were published (Strid & Kit Tan minutes of latitude and longitude). 1997, 2002). Some years after publication of the second In this article, we analyse some of the developments volume, it became apparent that there would not be in Greek plant taxonomy, floristics, and phytogeography the necessary economic resources and manpower to during the period 2005 to 2016, after publication of the complete this series, which was planned to result in nine Bibliography.
    [Show full text]
  • Flora Mediterranea 26
    FLORA MEDITERRANEA 26 Published under the auspices of OPTIMA by the Herbarium Mediterraneum Panormitanum Palermo – 2016 FLORA MEDITERRANEA Edited on behalf of the International Foundation pro Herbario Mediterraneo by Francesco M. Raimondo, Werner Greuter & Gianniantonio Domina Editorial board G. Domina (Palermo), F. Garbari (Pisa), W. Greuter (Berlin), S. L. Jury (Reading), G. Kamari (Patras), P. Mazzola (Palermo), S. Pignatti (Roma), F. M. Raimondo (Palermo), C. Salmeri (Palermo), B. Valdés (Sevilla), G. Venturella (Palermo). Advisory Committee P. V. Arrigoni (Firenze) P. Küpfer (Neuchatel) H. M. Burdet (Genève) J. Mathez (Montpellier) A. Carapezza (Palermo) G. Moggi (Firenze) C. D. K. Cook (Zurich) E. Nardi (Firenze) R. Courtecuisse (Lille) P. L. Nimis (Trieste) V. Demoulin (Liège) D. Phitos (Patras) F. Ehrendorfer (Wien) L. Poldini (Trieste) M. Erben (Munchen) R. M. Ros Espín (Murcia) G. Giaccone (Catania) A. Strid (Copenhagen) V. H. Heywood (Reading) B. Zimmer (Berlin) Editorial Office Editorial assistance: A. M. Mannino Editorial secretariat: V. Spadaro & P. Campisi Layout & Tecnical editing: E. Di Gristina & F. La Sorte Design: V. Magro & L. C. Raimondo Redazione di "Flora Mediterranea" Herbarium Mediterraneum Panormitanum, Università di Palermo Via Lincoln, 2 I-90133 Palermo, Italy [email protected] Printed by Luxograph s.r.l., Piazza Bartolomeo da Messina, 2/E - Palermo Registration at Tribunale di Palermo, no. 27 of 12 July 1991 ISSN: 1120-4052 printed, 2240-4538 online DOI: 10.7320/FlMedit26.001 Copyright © by International Foundation pro Herbario Mediterraneo, Palermo Contents V. Hugonnot & L. Chavoutier: A modern record of one of the rarest European mosses, Ptychomitrium incurvum (Ptychomitriaceae), in Eastern Pyrenees, France . 5 P. Chène, M.
    [Show full text]