1985 has been no easy year.

MÆRSK The shipping crisis continued. It intensified for some of our ships, and manifested itself in areas which have produced reasonable results in re- POST cent years.

Other circumstances, such as fluctuating exchange rates, increased pro- tectionism and political measures both at home and abroad complicated Published by A.P. Møller, matters. Editor: Einar Siberg Printers: Dansk Kliché In such circumstances special efforts are needed. We are fortunate that so many have responded. Local correspondents: In the head office, on the ships, in the organizations abroad, and in af- CHINA: Thomas Thune Andersen filiated companies performance is high. Frequent visits to customers and HONG KONG: Tom Sørensen INDONESIA: Hans Blicher Hansen markets, ever more efficient management of the ships by sea and shore JAPAN: S. Osano staff and continuous efforts to find and develop new business are all ac- PHILIPPINES: Lydia B. Cervantes tivities necessary to ensure our continued existence. SINGAPORE: David Tan THAILAND: Pornchai Vimolratana At the turn of the year I wish to express my thanks for these contribu- UNITED KINGDOM: Ann Thornton tions. My thanks also go to the families who often make sacrifices and U.S. EAST COAST: Barney Brennan whose positive support is essential. U.S. WEST COAST: Katty Reis U.S. GULF: Yvonne Brennan I wish all employees, associates and their families a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year. DISA: B. Trier-Hansen AIR: Lotte Valbjørn MÆRSK DATA: Keld Balle-Mortensen MÆRSK MC-KINNEY MØLLER THE YARD: Jørgen Petersen PAPYRO-TEX: Helge Madsen PHARMA-PLAST: Vicki Stene ROSTI: Leif O. Jensen ROULUND: Else Frejlev

Volume 24, No. 4 December 1985 Reproduction permitted with acknowledgement of source. Mrs Chastine Estelle Mc-Kinney Møller and her children Sally, Mærsk (right), and Hans. The "CHASSIE MÆRSK" and the "CHASTINE MÆRSK"

The story of a tradition: six ships named after Mr A.P. Møller's wife, Mrs Chastine Estelle Mc-Kinney Møller.

By HOLGER MUNCHAUS PETERSEN

The first ship named after Mrs Chastine She was delivered to A/S Dampskibsselska- parently, the British were dissatisfied with Estelle Mc-Kinney Møller, wife of Shipowner bet Svendborg in June 1910. She sailed on the the recipient; most of the cargo was unloa- A.P. Møller, was launched on April 26, 1910 North Sea, the , and, particularly ded before the ship was permitted to conti- from the shipyard, A. Vuyk en Zonen, Capel- in winter when Baltic ports were closed by nue towards . le an der Ijssel in Holland. Mr A.P. Møller's ice, on the Mediterranean. The "CHASSIE MÆRSK" made a few more brother, Mr Oluf Mærsk-Møller, named her Denmark remained neutral during the First transatlantic crossings. From August 9 to the "CHASSIE MÆRSK". She was number World War, so Danish ships continued to op- September 7, 1916 she again loaded cargo in 254 of the new constructions from this ship- erate internationally after the outbreak of Baltimore and again she was taken to Storno- yard which had also built the sister ships, the war in 1914. But the "CHASSIE MÆRSK" way for examination. This time, everything "PETER MÆRSK" from 1906 and the also called at Danish ports, operating an al- was fine, so after four days she was permitted "ANNA MÆRSK" from 1908, the first new most regular service for a while from Sep- to continue to Copenhagen. ships in the MÆRSK fleet. tember 1914, carrying coal from Blyth in Having unloaded her cargo in Copenhagen The "CHASSIE MÆRSK" was of 2,200 England to Korsør. she continued to Elsinore, Malmø, Bureå, tons deadweight. She was 71.32 metres long On July 14, 1915 the "CHASSIE MÆRSK" and Kallholmen before taking on board 681 and 10.82 metres wide. Her triple expansion arrived at Baltimore after her first transat- standards of timber for Boulogne in France. engine from C.T.Grey of South Shields yield- lantic crossing. She took nearly three weeks She continued to Barry Dock in Wales where ed 766IHP. She had two holds totalling 3,194 to load rye and wheat and on August 8 she she took bunkers. At 1 a.m. on December 14 cubic metres grain and four hatches with sailed for Nykøbing Falster. She was stopped she sailed, fully loaded, for Lisbon. four derricks. As was customary at the time, by British men-of-war and taken to Storno- Two days later, at 11.30 a.m., at 47.05 N, she was rigged with a few sails. way for a check of her cargo and papers. Ap- 07.49 W the look-out discovered a submarine

3 The first "CHASSIE MÆRSK", built in 1910, on the Baltic Sea en route to England with a full load of timber.

The "CHASSIE MÆRSK" from 1920.

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to port. A shell passed right in front of the res long and 15.20 metres wide, and thus the the Suez Canal on October 16 and arrived at ship, and the engine was stopped immediate- largest-ever ship, at the time, in the MÆRSK Calcutta on November 6. ly. The submarine was German and indicated fleet. Durban was her next port of call; here she that the ship's papers were to be checked. The She was built by F. Schichau in Danzig who spent ten days from December 7 loading ship's master, O. Hansen, was taken to the also constructed her 2,800 IHP triple expan- 6,578 tons of coal for Sabang in Indonesia. submarine in a dinghy. sion engine. Her four holds could take a total In heavy thunder showers and pouring rain Having hastily examined the ship's papers of 10,902 cubic metres grain. the "CHASSIE MÆRSK" ran aground on the submarine captain ordered the sinking of Her builder's certificate of July 9, 1920 na- January 7, 1922 off Rando Island near Su- the "CHASSIE MÆRSK". He gave the crew med Dampskibsselskabet af 1912 A/S as her matra. The engine reversed at full speed, but ten minutes to abandon their doomed vessel. owner and Copenhagen as her home port, she was stuck. Gaugings showed that holds 1 The men rowed to the s.s. "GERDA" of Es- but the latter was changed that same year in and 2, the deeptank, and the engine and bjerg which had also been captured by the October to Svendborg. boiler rooms were waterlogged. Germans and now flew the German flag. On July 18, 1920 the "CHASSIE MÆRSK" The crew could do nothing, so they soon re- They were locked up and the "CHASSIE sailed to Luleå in Sweden to load cargo for turned to Denmark leaving the ship's master, MÆRSK" was sunk. Rotterdam. She was in continuous operati- the chief officer, and the chief engineer be- The two Danish crews remained on the on, made several transatlantic crossings and hind at the place of grounding. "GERDA" for a couple of days and were joi- sailed to the Pacific a few times. She never On February 14 the Em. Z. Svitzer salvage ned by the crew of a British ship which had called at a Danish port. steamer "PROTECTOR" arrived. Intense also been sunk. All were then ordered to row Her last voyages clearly show that the salvage attempts proved fruitless; work was ashore. On December 19, they arrived safely "CHASSIE MÆRSK" was in the tramp tra- discontinued on April 6, and the wreck sold at Cape Finisterre on the Atlantic coast of de. On September 11, 1920 she called at at an auction. Spain. Then the "GERDA" was sunk, too. Hamburg where she remained for two weeks loading 1,524 tons of cellulose and 4,500 tons The m.s."CHASTINE MÆRSK" 1923 The s.s. "CHASSIE MÆRSK" 1920 of salt for Calcutta, India. She called at New- Two ships named"CHASSIE MÆRSK" had The second "CHASSIE MÆRSK" was of castle where she took on 1,476 tons of bunker met with dramatic ends. Fortunately, no lives 7,600 tons deadweight. She was 107.22 met- coal for her long voyage. She passed through had been lost, so newbuilding number 14

4 The "CHASTINE MÆRSK" from 1923 was the first motor ship to carry the name.

The "CHASTINE MÆRSK" from 1945 in the roads of Hong Kong.

from the Steel Shipyard, launched on She sailed from Savannah on August 29 and Norwegian coast to Bergen and into the At- April 12, 1923, was named the"CHASTINE called at Baltimore, New York, Norfolk, lantic, towards the , where she MÆRSK". Newport News, Savannah, and San Pedro. was stopped for control by British men-of- Being of 7,980 tons deadweight - the largest On November 12, she reached Yokohama. war on January 19. Everything was fine, and ship in the MÆRSK fleet was again named Having visited Kobe, Shanghai, Manila, and ten days later she arrived at Safi. Having un- after Mr A.P. Møller's wife. Iloilo, she left Pula Pandan on December 15 loaded 7,600 tons of phosphate she sailed for The ship was 111.90 metres long and 14.87 and arrived at Baltimore on February 7, Fredericia on February 2. metres wide. She had four holds and five hat- 1929. On February 13, at 61.30 N, 02.00 E, a Ger- ches, a shelter deck, and three masts. Her In modern terms, the ship was rather slow, man submarine appeared, and although her capacity was 11,950 cubic metres. Her two but her long travelling time was due mainly light signals were incomprehensible, her in- engines totalled 2,200 IHP; they were six- to slow loading and unloading. Today, contai- tentions were clear. The engine was stopped cylinder, four-stroke, single-action Burmei- ner vessels sail at more than double the spe- immediately. The submarine fired a shell ster & Wain diesel engines whose two propel- ed, but loading and unloading have also been which hit the water two ships' lengths ahead lers allowed a top speed of 10.5 knots. Her reduced to only six hours at some ports. to port. The ship's master with all the ship's home port was Svendborg and her owner The "CHASTINE MÆRSK" also tramped papers sailed immediately to the submarine A/S Dampskibsselskabet Svendborg. when her line schedule permitted, and as new in a lifeboat. While he was on his way, On July 25, 1923 at six a.m. the "CHASTI- ships of the line were bought in the 1930s the another shot was fired. The shell struck near NE MÆRSK" left Odense to commence her ship sailed exclusively in the tramp trade. the forecastle, and another lifeboat was first voyage, and on August 10 at five a.m. At the outbreak of the Second World War lowered. The captain of the German subma- she arrived at New York. She continued to she was running phosphate from Safi to Fre- rine flicked through the papers and announ- Trinidad and Bombay. She operated over- dericia, and her first two voyages were reaso- ced that the"CHASTINE MÆRSK" would seas, but made a few calls at Danish ports, in- nably smooth. Her third one started on De- be sunk. The supply of water and provisions cluding one at Copenhagen for repairs in cember 14, 1939 at Fredericia where she load- and the compasses in the boats were checked, June 1924. ed cargo. She was docked and classed at Elsi- and 27 shells were fired at the ship which In 1928 the "CHASTINE MÆRSK" joined nore and on January 14 she sailed for Safi. sank at 8.15 a.m. the newly established US-Far East service. Mine hazards forced her to sail along the That afternoon the crew was picked up by the 5 The "CHASTINE MÆRSK" loading cargo in Yokohama in December 1948.

The "CHASTINE MÆRSK" from 1953 in the roads of Hong Kong. Notice the two cranes.

Norwegian steamer"HILDA" which had be- Her home port was Copenhagen, and she of space, thus increased considerably, the en directed to the lifeboats by a British air- was Shipowner A.P. Møller's personal pro- holds being used to an extraordinary extent. craft. On the following day, they were all put perty. The war delayed her completion until In October 1946 she returned to Denmark ashore at Ålesund. July 10, 1945, when her certificate of nation- and loaded phosphate from Safi in Kalund- The "CHASTINE MÆRSK" was one of four ality etc. was issued. Two days later she left borg. neutral ships sunk by the German submari- the Odense Steel Shipyard for Gothenburg, In 1950 she entered the "Round the World ne"U-25" in early 1940 - the others being one where she had her bottom cleaned after her Service". On August 5, 1952 she sailed from Swedish and two Norwegian ships long wait. On July 31, she arrived at Norfolk. Baltimore to Rotterdam and on August 21 In August 1940, the "U-25" was sunk off Ter- Here, she was carefully demagnetized - be- she arrived at Antwerp where she was taken schilling in Holland. cause of the serious mine hazard - and load- over by her new owners Armement Deppe ed 8,012 tons of flour for the hungry on the S.A, Royale Beige - Argentine S.A., who na- The m.s."CHASTINE MÆRSK" 1945 Continent. A couple of similar voyages en- med her the "BRUGES". On September 29,1943 the Odense Steel Ship- ded on November 23 when she unloaded her In 1965 she was sold to a Liberian company yard launched their newbuilding number cargo in . From there, she sailed to and renamed the "ST. EMANUEL". She 86, a motor ship of 9,030 tons deadweight. Rosario and Buenos Aires in Argentina to changed hands several times and her names The ship was 124.78 metres long and 16.61 collect cargo for , Korsør, and Svend- included: "BORDAENEA'in 1970, "MARIA metres wide with a shelter deck, five holds, borg. A" and "KARIN K" in 1973, and "PRABA" and five hatches. She had a nine-cylinder, After the war, the "CHASTINE MÆRSK" - home port Limassol - in 1974. two-stroke, single-action Burmeister & Wain became the first ship to carry cargo on the On December 20, 1975, having served for 30 diesel engine yielding 5,500 IHP and a speed US-Far East service, arriving at Shanghai on years, the ship arrived at Santander to be of 14 knots. In point of type, she differed May 28, 1946. She had "negative stowage scrapped. from the other liners by e.g. having only one loss", because the cargo included hull secti- large deck house. ons for wooden barges, with steel pressed in- The m.s. "CHASTINE MÆRSK" 1953 She was named the "CHASTINE MÆRSK". to the empty spaces. Her capacity, in terms The Odense Steel Shipyard also built the

6 next "CHASTINE MÆRSK". She was transferred to the Liberian flag, and in 1976 engine built on licence in Norway. It yielded newbuilding number 122 from the Yard, she was sold, renamed the "NEW BEAR" 20,700 IHP and a speed of nearly 23 knots. launched on December 19, 1952. and given Singapore as her home port. The bow propeller made for easy manoeuv- She had two tweendecks and was of 9,550 She ended her last voyage on November 29, ring in port and rendered tugboat assistance tons deadweight. She was 136.37 metres long 1982 with the breakers on Gadani Beach in almost superfluous. and 19.14 metres wide, and the total capacity Pakistan. In 1980 the "CHASTINE MÆRSK", as all of her holds was 17,456 cubic metres bales. other C-ships, was jumborized at the Hitachi She also had two small reefer chambers and The m.s. "CHASTINE MÆRSK" 1968 Shipyard in Japan and given a new fore- nine deeptanks for liquid cargo. She had 20 In 1968, the traditional name was to be used body. She was rebuilt as a container ship derricks serving six hatches: 18 five-ton for a new ship, newbuilding number 462 which could carry 1,222 20-foot containers. derricks, one 15-ton, and one 60-ton der- from Bergens Mekaniske Verksted which Her length was increased to 197.07 metres ricks, plus two ten-ton cranes between the was launched and named the "CHASTINE and her deadweight to 25,067 tons, but her 2nd and the 3rd hatches. MÆRSK" on April 27. speed remained nearly the same in spite of Her ten-cylinder Burmeister & Wain diesel She was of 13,810 tons deadweight and was the increase in her tonnage. engine yielded 11,400 IHP and a speed of one of seven very sophisticated liners - the C- Today, the"CHASTINE MÆRSK" sails on 17.5 knots. ships. She was 164.32 metres long and 24.44 the new Pacific Northwest-Far East service. The' 'CHASTINE MÆRSK" sailed through metres wide. Her sister ships sailed e.g. on This traditional name still lives in the Odense Fjord on April 11, 1953 arriving via the US-Far East and the new Far East- MÆRSK fleet. the English Channel at Baltimore on April Northern Europe services. Holger Munchaus Petersen 22. Here, she entered the US-Philippines- The C-ships had four decks, reefer cham- Thailand-Hong Kong-Formosa-Japan servi- bers, six hatches, and six holds plus sideports ce. for the best possible individual handling of On January 17, 1968 her name was changed all types of general cargo. to"JESPER MÆRSK". In 1973 she was Her engine was a Burmeister & Wain diesel

7 Princess Benedikte visits Rosti

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The visitors inspected the production of bases for parasols at the Ballerup factory. Left to right: Managing Director Mikael Olufsen, Princess Benedikte, Technical Manager Karl Rodholm, Countess Trampe, Production Manager Benny Markvardsen and Eva Kristensen.

The guests saw the stocks of raw materials and finished products in Ballerup.

8 Her Royal Highness Princess Benedikte began her visit to Rosti on October 4 at the factory in Roskilde. Here, the Princess in- spected the production of kitchen utensils and storage facilities. Later, at the factory in Ballerup, the production and stocks of pack- ing products were inspected before the three- hour visit concluded with a lunch at the head office in Ballerup. The Princess was accom- panied by Lady-in-Waiting, Countess Trampe, wife of K.C. Count Trampe, Lord Chamberlain of the Household of H.M. Queen Ingrid, and a member of the Board of A.P. Moller and Chastine Mc-Kinney Møl- ler's Foundation.

Princess Benedikte in conversation with Sengul Tamer, who was polishing melanin spoons. Technical Manager Kar! Rodholm is watching.

The Royal visitor examined computerized robots producing kitchen utensils. Left to right: Technical Manager Karl Rodholm, Princess Benedikte, Managing Director Mikael Olufsen, Countess Trampe, and Production Manager Jens Nygaard.

World-famous diesel engines

By CHARLES HANSEN

Charles Hansen is a former Vice President of the Central Organization of Metalworkers. Today, he is an executive member of the Shipbuilding Policy Ad- visory Committee of the Danish Ministry of Industry and a member of the Board of Representatives for the Ships' Credit Funds of Denmark. In 1941, he com- pleted his apprenticeship as an engine fitter at the Bukh Engine Factory, where he acted as senior shop-steward for the blacksmiths from 1946 to 1953. Those years after the Second World War are the subject of Charles Hansen's arti- cle. They were crucial not just to the Bukh Engine Factory, but to all Danish in- dustry.

Young people probably find it a little dif- that many different types of engine were but we implicitly accepted demands for ficult to imagine what it was like, back then replaced by only one, which was then pro- quality, and the acceptance of narrow in 1945, after the mayhem of war. duced with varying numbers of cylinders. margins was natural and essential to the By looking back we may increase our This transformation required the building of quality of the finished engines. understanding of both our present situation a new factory where production was We had no need for quality groups, a more and future challenges. organized according to the principles of modern idea. A clear order that everything Forwards was the only way. The peace must specialization, standardization, and simp- had to fit exactly made all discussion super- be won. Confidence and expectations were lification. fluous. combined with respect and support for those This was no easy process. At the old factory, So the changes were not easy, but we manag- who accepted the challenges of furthering individual production of single engines or ed once the plans had been discussed by the the industrial development so essential to small series on old machines had generated a works committee, which was important to full employment and the economic special atmosphere, calling for precision and the development of good relations with the rebuilding of the country. production within narrow margins of new managers. Old factories required substantial in- cranks, camshafts, pistons etc. These relations ensured bright employment vestments in works - machines, as well as There were skilled turners, usually middle- prospects for several hundred metal workers management and staff must move ahead in aged, proud, and highly esteemed because of and semi-skilled workers, plus other staff. It open cooperation. their professional expertise. They were very is quite an achievement for a Danish engine That was the situation generally, and at the well paid and commonly referred to by their factory to find a suitable niche on the inter- Bukh Engine Factory in Kalundborg. nicknames: Seven of Diamonds, Flash Gor- national market. Few succeed. In fact, a Since its start in 1904 - more than 80 years don, The Flower Smith, Obedias, Carl Car- number of Danish engine factories succumb- ago - the factory had produced diesel engines bide, Red Ras and many more. ed in that period, e.g. Vølund, Tuxham, of 28 different sizes, yielding from 10 to 500 Frequently, their sense of professional iden- Gamma. Bukh is still here. HP. They were used for many different pur- tity was marked externally, as at the From the mid-50s until 1967 Bukh Diesel poses, e.g. ships, stationary plants, and elec- Festivals of Trades where the local Branch II also produced tractors, but in spite of tricity supply systems. of the Engine Fitters' Union introduced the sophisticated design and quality this produc- In the 20s, and particularly in the 30s, the Bukh production processes using this motto: tion was phased out, particularly because of quality of the engines secured considerable tough competition from large, multinational exports which meant increased employment. "Diesel engines of world-wide fame manufacturers. During the war, the factory, for a while, Of this old town will glorify the Production is now concentrated on small manufactured producers and generators name." marine diesel engines for pleasure craft, pro- allowing diesel engines to run on gas. fessional fishing boats, and lifeboats. The The new management appointed at Bukh The working week was 48 hours - five days three-cylinder turbocharged engine of 48 HP after 1945 and headed by Managing Director of 8'A hours and 5'A hours on Saturdays. is one such engine. It has a Bukh anti- E. Andersen realized that extensive We had made a local agreement, not approv- vibration system and other technical innova- specialization of the engines and more effi- ed by the Union, according to which Satur- tions which prove that Bukh still produces i cient operations were required if the factory days were shortened in exchange for an extra world-famous engines - in its 81st year. was to survive on a future open market. half hour on each of the other week days. Good luck! The risky plan of introducing such drastic The hourly wages ranged from 1.70 Dkr. to Charles Hansen changes in production was presented to the over 2.00 Dkr. for piece-work: a con- majority shareholder at the factory, siderable difference then. Shipowner A.P. Møller. He approved this The old factory saw many battles, rather bold plan in 1948, and the decision meant fierce ones with the old manager Mr Bukh, 1023 Hotel opened in Guangzhou

By THOMAS THUNE ANDERSEN

The Guangzhou Representative Office of mances, and numerous good-luck posters on (Hong Kong) Ltd. moved to its walls and doors. new premises in the huge Garden Hotel and Normally, the Lion Dance is performed by Office Complex in early May 1985, a few 10-20 dancers in pairs, each pair making up months before the buildings were com- a "complete" lion. In southern China the pleted. lion costume portrays an imaginary animal The Garden Hotel and Office Tower is the looking like a dragon, whereas the costume largest and most modern project of its kind used in the northern region still resembles a in China, comprising a Hotel Tower and an lion quite closely. Office/Apartment Tower which rise above a The Lion Dance and the use of firecrackers connecting podium. will frighten away evil spirits and allow good Total site area : 52,000 square metres house and kitchen spirits to settle peacefully Total floor area: 170,000 square metres into their new home. Height of towers: 77 and 107 metres During the opening of the Garden Hotel the The hotel section has a total of 1128 rooms local sports association performed a Lion varying from standard rooms to de luxe Dance lasting an hour, and a string of huge suites, and the Office Tower includes six fire-crackers stretching past all 30 floors floors of offices, the remaining floors being from the roof of the hotel to the ground took used for residential apartments. more than 30 minutes to burn. The agreement to build the Garden Hotel in Present at the ceremony were Mr Yang Guangzhou was made in 1980, and Mr R.C. Shang Kun, Permanent Vice Chairman of Lee invited Maersk Line (Hong Kong) Ltd. the Military Commission of the Central to take part in the project. Mr Lee was a Committee of the Chinese Communist Par- member of the famous Lee family with ty; Mr Xi Zhong Xun, former Governor of whom the A.P. Møller Group has Guangdong Province and also a member of cooperated closely for many years. the Politbureau and Secretary of the General Secretariat; Mr Gu Mu, State Councillor The traditional Chinese Grand Opening of and Secretary of the General Secretariat, in the hotel took place on August 28, 1985, and charge of foreign trade and economic rela- it also marked the official opening of the tions; Mr Yie Xuan Ping, former Mayor of Maersk Line Guangzhou Representative Of- Guangzhou and now First Deputy General fice. Secretary of Guangdong Province; Mr Lai According to Chinese tradition, buildings Zhu Yan, Deputy Mayor of Guangzhou, in and other constructions must be inaugurated charge of land and housing; and Mrs Esther in festive and splendid style to ensure con- Y.P. Lee, Chairman of the Board of the tinued luck and prosperity for the building Hotel and Mr R.C. Lee's widow. Senior and those working there. Vice President Wagn Jacobsen, A traditional opening festival includes the Copenhagen, and President Per Jørgensen, famous Lion Dance, many loud Tokyo, represented A.P. Moller at the firecrackers, continuous musical perfor- ceremony.

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rill^VwVw KW Rosti A/S in Ballerup - one of the largest Scandinavian manufacturers of plastic jars - has invested tens of millions in sophisticated machines for the production of containers made of the new revolutionary plastic material PET (terephthalic polyethylene). PET bottles are superior to traditional plastic bottles. They are as clear as glass, will survive a fall from three metres when full, and will tolerate changes in temperature from -40 to + 65 degrees Celcius. The bottles give excellent protection against ultraviolet light, an impermeability which prolongs the life of the contents. After use, bottles may either be burnt without producing any poisonous fumes (the calorific value being identical to that of the oil which is part of the raw material), or they may be roughened and used again, in the textile industry for ex- ample, or in the manufacture of plastic tape. In the U.S.A. PET bottles have been used since 1977 for aerated soft drinks such as Coca-Cola and Seven-Up. In 1982, about 5,000 million litres of soft drinks in PET bottles were sold on the American market. Sales in several European countries rose steeply and amounted to about 1,200 million litres in PET bottles in 1983. New applications for PET bottles were soon discovered, and today they are used in large parts of Europe for widely different pro- ducts such as whisky, vodka, fruit syrup, edible oil, wine, spring water, medicine, vinegar, salad dressing, mustard, cosmetics, cider, beer, additives for diesel, sprinkler fluid, lamp-oil, and carburettor alcohol. Danish laws on the return of bottles impede the use of PET bottles for beer and soft drinks, so Rosti decided to concentrate on other products, particularly fruit syrup. Once the decision had been made to produce PET bottles, developments accelerated.

PET bottles are compressed and packed automatically. Negotiations with a Swedish fruit syrup available on supermarket shelves in PET PET bottles being filled with fruit syrup at a manufacturer, AB Önos, yielded an order bottles and jars from Rosti. customer's factory (E. Blomberg & Co. A/S). for more than seven million Danish kroner. Much work is being done to improve the The order provided a secure basis for the heat resistance of the PET raw material purchase of the first machine producing from a maximum of 65 degrees Celcius at PET bottles. Rosti's design department present to 125 degrees Celcius. If this proves worked out a suggestion for a model, and a possible, great sales opportunities will pre- final design for a 1 '/i-litre PET bottle was sent themselves within the preserved foods agreed upon with Önos. industry. Products such as red cabbage, At the same time, the Önos sales and marrows, gherkins, and Baby Food will be marketing department started planning the suitable for PET containers, because introduction of the new bottles onto the - The risk of glass splinters in the products Swedish market. A consumer-oriented com- will disappear completely. petition was arranged, the first prize being a - Greatly reduced weight will benefit pro- trip to Florida. ducers, middlemen and retailers, as well as Entrants were asked to fill in a questionnaire customers who have to carry heavy glass jars on the new bottles. home from the shops. The introduction of Önos fruit syrup in - Problems resulting from possible breakage Rosti PET bottles was a roaring success. will disappear, because PET is very strong. Retailers and consumers alike reacted very Spirits constitute another interesting area of positively, and sales exceeded all expecta- application. Most well-known brands of tions and budgets. whisky, gin, and vodka are being sold in Several Danish syrup manufacturers decided miniature and half-litre bottles to tax-free to use Rosti PET bottles, and companies airport shops and to the air lines. The sup- such as Blomberg, Samodan, and Dansk pliers of the PET raw material have Centralmost have achieved similar good estimated that if a jumbo jet could carry all An example of a sales display. sales results this year because of the new wine and spirits in PET rather than glass bottles. bottles, the total weight would be so reduced The full production from the first machine as to allow for two additional passengers was soon sold, and new machines were paying full fares, plus their luggage. bought to make inroads on other trades. All evidence suggests that Rosti's decision to Two new 1-litre bottles for foods and start this new production - as the first Danish chemical/technical products respectively company - means that an exciting future lies were manufactured and their introduction to ahead as regards the production and sales of the relevant trades was a success. PET containers on the domestic market and, Today, Rosti PET bottles are on sale con- not insignificantly, on the export market as taining vinegar, fuels, lamp-oil, additives for well. diesel, distilled water, glue, rust eater, and hand-cleansing cream as well as fruit syrup. More products of varying types from dif- Examples of numerous chemical/technical ferent trades will be packed in PET bottles, products sold in Rosti PET bottles. and are on the way. The bottles are produced by the most sophisticated machines in Scandinavia, which means that Rosti may manufacture additional products such as thick PET bott- les for cosmetics and preserved food. It is probably just a question of time before herring, wine, and marmalade will be DUC oil production record

Dansk Undergrunds Consortium has beaten months of the year amounts to 2,373,000 its own record for one month's production tons. Projected results for all of 1985 are of oil. In October the DUC produced about 2.9 million tons, compared to 265,000 tons of oil from the Dan, Gorm, 2,320,000 tons in 1984. "Skjold, and Tyra fields. For the first time All four fields have increased production in one month's production exceeded 250,000 1985 as compared to 1984. Gorm has afford- tons, roughly the equivalent of the amount ed particularly good opportunities for im- required to heat 100,000 houses for a year. proved production methods, which more The previous DUC record of 247,000 tons than outweigh the natural tendency towards dated from March 1985. declining production. Total DUC production for the first ten In 1986, production is expected to exceed three million tons of oil. New equipment for oil and gas wells

The exact position of a drill bit, two or three North Sea when drilling production wells on kilometres below the floor of the North Sea, the Tyra field, and at the moment it is being is extremely important. Deviations from the used for the new production wells at the Dan drilling plan are costly and time-consuming. F, the Dan Field extension. How can one be sure that the drill reaches Basically, this new equipment uses the drill- the desired place in the subsoil? ing mud for transmission of the relevant in- New, sophisticated navigational equipment formation. Electronic gauges placed im- is the answer. It provides exact information mediately above the drill bit identify the on the position and direction of the drill bit position of the latter by measuring the com- during drilling, in spite of extreme pressures pass direction and the slant of the well. This and temperatures. The information is avail- information is transformed into pressure im- able instantaneously, continuously, and - of pulses, which are transmitted through the course - while drilling continues. Previously, drilling mud and interpreted by instruments the drilling process had to be interrupted and on the surface, giving an up-to-date and con- gauges sent to the bottom of the well. tinuous impression of the position of the Dansk Undergrunds Consortium successful- drill bit at the bottom of the well. This autumn, Dansk Undergrunds Consor- ly introduced the new equipment on the This new equipment means faster drilling tium has been extremely active on the North times, and ensures that the drill will travel Sea, where five rigs are currently at work for more precisely from the floor of the sea to its the DUC in the Danish section. final destination two or three kilometres To the north, 95 kilometres north-west of below. Savings are the result. And wells may the Gorm Field, the "GLOMAR be drilled without sharp angles - reducing LABRADOR I" rig - home port Houston, maintenance costs on a well in production. Texas - is working on an exploration well. 1020 The "GLOMAR LABRADOR I" rig drilling the Kim-1 exploration well in the North Sea. rigs working for the DUC

the Kim-1. The DUC has chartered the rig The Dan-F project, the extension of the Dan spring. exclusively for this one well, which was Field, involves the "DAN EARL" rig which In 1985, Dansk Undergrunds Consortium begun on September 30. is drilling additional production wells. will operate a total of 24 wells - six explora- The "MÆRSK EXPLORER" rig is drilling The Norwegian-owned "DYVI EPSILON" tion wells, four wells for further evaluation, the Nord Jens-1 exploration well, and the rig has been chartered for two wells on the and 14 production wells. "MÆRSK ENDEAVOUR" is drilling the Rolf Field, the latest DUC oil field, 17 Vest Lulu-3, on the Vest Lulu structure, for kilometres west of the Gorm Field. The Rolf further evaluation. Field is scheduled to start production next

17 r stamps

On October 28, Postverk Føroya issued a authorities felt that the runway was un- route, particularly in summer, have tried series of five stamps of Dkr. 3.00 each to be suitable for scheduled flights. A Faroese in- circling in vain over the green islands when used in vending machines. The stamps show itiative, however, helped procure the they are shrouded in mist. Modernization at four types of aeroplane which have flown necessary permits in 1963, and Flugfélag the airport has, however, reduced ir- between the Faroe Islands and other coun- Islands opened a route serving Iceland, the regularities to a minimum. tries, and a helicopter used since 1983 for Faroe Islands, Scotland, Norway, and Den- Changeable weather has meant many extra domestic flights between the islands mark. At the same time, the Norwegian flights. companies have wished to themselves. One stamp shows a Maersk Air company Bjørum Fly established a route use large and fast planes, the first, in 1963, -200 Advanced, which has between the Faroes and Norway. This was being DC3s, followed by Friend- operated on the Faroes-Copenhagen service also supported by a Faroese initiative, but ships. In the early 70s Maersk Air looked since 1977. Bjørum Fly could not compete with around for a new type of aircraft and chose The islanders first attempted to establish a Flugfélag Islands and stopped the flights the Boeing 737-200 Advanced, a jet plane regular overseas air service on July 21, 1963 that same autumn. whose powerful engines and brakes made it when an aircraft from the Norwegian com- These events generated more interest in air well suited to the difficult operations at pany Bjørum Fly landed at the Faroese air- traffic on the islands, and in 1964 the Vågar Airport. port on Vågar Island. Two days later, a Danish-Faroese company Faroe Airways A new world record was set then, since the passenger plane from the Icelandic airline started regular flights between the islands Vågar runway at 1250 metres is the shortest company Flugfélag Islands also landed at and Copenhagen. But the competition from runway in the world approved for jet planes. the airport; and these two events signalled the established Islandic company proved too On the other hand, it requires specially train- the very first beginning of Faroese air traf- much also for Faroe Airways, and flights ed pilots. fic. were stopped in 1967. The have helped reduce the isolation For nearly 20 years, the islanders had wanted The route between the Faroes and of these North Atlantic islands. In winter, airline connections to the rest of the world. Copenhagen carried by far the largest the only passenger connections are by air. In The sea provided the only access to the number of passengers. The Scandinavian 1984, 61,337 passengers flew to or from the islands, and the voyage across the North Airlines System held the concession for the islands, whereas 48,411 passengers chose to Atlantic could be long and rough, par- route, and in 1967 they entered into financial go by ship. These are high figures, in view of ticularly in winter. cooperation with Flugfélag Islands. The ar- the fact that the Faroese population During the Second World War the Royal Air rangement survived till 1971, when the Islan- numbers 45,000, and that the islands have Force built a military airfield on Vågar dic pioneers abandoned the Faroes- no organized tourist trade. Island, but it had only just begun to function Copenhagen route and continued to fly only The 20th anniversary of Faroese aviation, in when the British left the islands again in between Iceland and the Faroe Islands. 1983, saw the beginning of a new chapter in 1945. The airport came under the control of , the Danish domestic airline com- the history of air traffic. A Maersk Air Bell the Faroese Government, and there was a pany, was established at this time, and the 212 twin-jet helicopter completed a satisfac- general wish to establish an air route. The Faroes-Copenhagen connection was incor- tory trial period, and Faroese domestic runway was short, however, and not easily porated into the Danish network of domestic flights began: the Faroese Government accessible, hidden as it was among high flights. Maersk Air, one of the Danair part- established helicopter links for passengers mountains, so all Faroese attempts to ners, have operated this service ever since. between islands, particularly in order to im- establish a service proved fruitless. No Because of their position in the North Atlan- prove access to small settlements. foreign company felt tempted by the airport, tic the Faroe Islands are subject to very These isolated settlements finally had an which was left to decay. unstable weather conditions, which may alternative to difficult sea voyages. In the 50s, Flugfélag Islands also discovered change in a few hours. Air traffic suffers the the disused airport, but the aviation consequences, and most passengers on the

18 MÆRSK MÆRSK

Contents 1985

No. 1 New member of the A. P. Møller Group 3 Margrethe bowl for Queen Margrethe 29 Ship/Shore Communication of the future 5 Good ideas at the Lindø Yard 29 "ARTHUR MÆRSK" appears on TV 8 Royal Maersk Line cargo 29 "MAERSK HANDLER" in China 10 U.S. cadets at Esplanaden 29 Oil exploration in the North Sea 1985 11 Your Worst Enemy 29 DUC in Svendborg 12 Personalia 30 The Mærsk Fleet 1985 13 New local correspondent, San Francisco 31 Anchors Away: The first Japanese female officer 21 RO-BOOMs - also for permanent protection 22 No. 3 The first international Maersk Air route 23 15 refugees plus one 3 The Statue of Liberty - saved from decay 24 Rescue operation in the North Sea 4 Efficient maintenance of containers 26 Drilling at the Dan Field 5 Exclusive certificate for the Yard 26 Ten hard days 6 "ID Award" to Rosti 26 Zoo at sea 6 Children on the Tyra Field 26 "Nightstopper« 8 Beating rice biscuits in Japan 26 The Illerup Valley - a very important Iron Age find 10 Silver wedding on board 27 7.000 guests at Lindø 14 The "ANDERS MÆRSK" came first 27 Apprentices from the Yard in Italy 16 The "LICA MÆRSK" in Mina Qaboos, Oman 27 Presses roll in San Francisco 17 The "A. P. MØLLER" through the Panama Canal 28 New DUC teaching material 18 Uniforms in Bangkok 28 Many boats no wind 19 New ship named for the U.S 28 Peder Most again (the lucky winners) 20 Maersk U.K. Men of the Year 28 Ladies out in front 20 Art at Esplanaden 29 Mærsk Data at US exhibition 21 Singapore celebrates 25 years of independence 29 MÆRSK badminton promotions 21 "Man of the Year" is a woman 29 Giant crane hook on the "LOUIS MÆRSK" 21 Personalia 30 The "MAERSK HARRIER" stars in film 21 New local correspondents, Hong Kong, Indonesia 31 Personalia 22

No. 2 No. 4 New ship: the "EMMA MÆRSK" 3 The "CHASSIE MÆRSK" and the "CHASTINE MÆRSK". 3 Six "EMMA MÆRSK" ships 4 Princess Benedikte visits Rosti 8 New ship: "EVELYN MÆRSK" 8 World-famous diesel engines 10 Malaysian visit to A.P. Møller 9 Hotel opened in Guangzhou 12 The Crown Prince and the Crown Princess of Japan Rosti produces first Danish PET bottles 14 visit A.P. Møller's Head Office 10 New equipment for oil and gas wells 16 Maersk Line Container crosses the USA in 96 hours 12 DUC oil production record 16 Connecting point: Algeciras 15 Five rigs working for the DUC 16 Four Mærsk ships operating in the Bering Sea 16 Maersk Air on stamps 18 860 containers moved in eight hours 17 Contents 1985 19 Better communication - greater efficiency 18 Container repair in Kobe 20 Two production platforms installed on Dan F 20 Closing-down photos on Danish TV 20 DUC back on shore 21 New ro-ro terminal in the U.K 20 Maersk Line exhibitions 22 Paintings, prints, and pottery, music and drama 20 New Boeings for Maersk Air 23 New Giant for Bangkok 21 Brake tests in the Alps 24 Golf/Tennis Outing in Houston 21 Fiesta in Valencia 26 Lindø ship to "Torm" 21 Peder Most - a seaman from Svendborg 27 Budget meeting plus gas drill 21 New sound at the Yard 28 Personalia 22 Maersk Line (UK) golf days 28 Promotions (new partners) 22 New office in Manila 28 New local correspondent, Guangzhou 23 Longboat race at Kobe Festival 28

19 Rounding up. Container repair in Kobe

New ro-ro terminal in the U.K.

On October 18, Kent Line, a this year a second daily service subsidiary of the Maersk Com- was introduced. The container repair facility of The facility, which is about 1,870 pany Limited, London, in- With new larger vessels the ser- Maersk Line K.K. has now been square metres, is equipped with augurated its new large ro-ro ter- vice now offers more than built within the site of Kobe three overhead crane units and minal in the historic Chatham 125,000 trailer transfers per Maersk Container Yard. The can accommodate up to 32 docks on the Medway in the year. It is presently operated by opening ceremony, which was 40-foot containers; it is also an U.K. two chartered vessels, but one of conducted by a Shinto priest in all-weather repair facility. The The opening ceremony was per- these will be replaced by a Kent- the traditional Japanese manner, Kobe office has thus begun its formed by Shipowner Mærsk owned vessel early in 1986. took place on October 9 and was operation on all container repair Mc-Kinney Møller. Kent Line is a multi-user facility attended by Mr Per Jørgensen, and maintenance, offering a The terminal covers an area of and a large number of trailer President of Maersk Line K.K., faster repair service and using 16 acres in the former British operators are making use of the Mr. A. Okawa, the Vice-Presi- National Maritime Works, a Royal Naval Base at Chatham, service, the largest user being dent, and others concerned in subsidiary of Maersk Line K.K. and can accommodate up to 650 Norfolk Line. the project. S. Osano trailers. The picture shows a view of Kent Line was started only one Chatham Docks with the Kent year ago with one daily sailing Line terminal in the foreground. from Chatham to Zeebrugge in Ann Thornton Belgium. The service was an im- mediate success and in March

Paintings, prints, and pottery, music and drama

The A.P. Møller Arts Associa- Niels Andersen. The play tion was founded last year. To- describes a man who has been a day, it numbers 369 members. sailor for 25 years. On his 40th Our present season started on birthday he reviews his life - with September 4 with a private view, his family, at sea, and in port. and subsequent exhibitions have The play was very realistic and included paintings by Benny clearly demonstrated that, prior Aage Møller, Edouard Bor- to rehearsals, Niels Andersen regaard, Pia Schjøll, and Tony had been well instructed about Closing-down photos Burchhardt, prints by Helle life at sea by the Nautical Thorborg, and pottery by Peter Department and by Ships' Per- on Danish TV Kofoed. On opening days sonnel. several artists have shown slides The Arts Association also pro- Again this year, the closing- seaman's athletics, and the daily and talked about their work. vided contacts to other plays. down photographs on television events of a seaman's life. The latest private view, on We reserved tickets for 250 for December are the result of a The MÆRSK fleet was well- December 5, featured a concert members for five performances competition arranged by the represented by four photo- by the guitarist Christian in November, December, and Danish Merchant Navy Welfare graphs sent in by First Officer Sievert. January of Noel Coward's Board and television broadcast Svend E. Degn from "SALLY On the evening of October 2, "Private Lives" at the Merkur co-ordinators for mariners and MÆRSK", one photograph there was a guided tour of the Theatre. All tickets were sold others connected with shipping. from Chief Officer Henrik exhibition "Russian Avantgarde within a few hours. So, our The photographs show life at Jørgensen, "LARS MÆRSK", 1910-30" at Louisiana, and on members obviously take a great sea, leisure time on board or on and one photograph from Radio November 8, the first play ever interest in this art form, too. land, parties, special events, Officer HelleT. Olsen, "NELLY was staged in the Film Room: MÆRSK". "Sailor, Sailor". The actor was

20 New Giant for Bangkok

Undo ship to "Torm"

On Friday November 1 Mrs Suzanne Nørregaard, wife of lawyer Ole Nørregaard, named construction no. 108 from the Lindø Yard the "TORM After having been in service for laden unit - which naturally THYRA" at Langelinie Quay in almost ten years at Bangkok reduces the stacking area re- Copenhagen. The ship, a Port, the ageing Silent Hoist top quired at the existing east quay product-carrier of approximate- loader has at last got its new terminal. Most of all, we are ly 50,000 tons deadweight, was assistant - the Kalmar LMV20- now in a position to provide our built for Steamship Company 42 top loader. The new machine, customers with faster, better ser- Torm and is the first of two which arrived in mid-1985, is far vice. vessels to be built by the Yard superior to the old unit in that it Pornchai Vimolratana for Torm. is capable of stacking containers The main engine, B&W's newest up to four high - three for a fuel-saving type, has five cylinders which can yield 12,250 BHP and a speed approaching Golf/Tennis Outing in Houston 16 knots. The combination of this type of engine and an optimally-designed hull gives a low consumption of oil - with an average consumption of about 24 tons every 24 hours, the "TORM THYRA" is the most days. The first picture shows the energy-efficient ship of this size sponsor, Mrs Suzanne Nør- to be built and delivered in Den- regaard, together with the mark. Yard's Managing Director, T. The "TORM THYRA" was Dilling (left), and Torm's Chair- built in the Lindø Yard's large man of the Board, K. Engell- building dock in just 100 work- Jensen. The second picture ing days, after which she com- shows m.t. "TORM THYRA" pleted her trials in just three during her trials in Skagerrak.

On Thursday, October 17, 1985 & Bates; John Kriesner, Saudi Budget meeting plus gas drill Maersk Line Agency, Houston, Arabian Overseas; Bill Pierce, Texas, held its Fall Golf/Tennis Reading & Bates. Tennis players: This year Maersk Drilling's an- Outing at the Kingwood Coun- (left to right) Bob Guisewite, nual budget meeting, usually try Club. AVCO Overseas; Bruce Berger, held at Esplanaden, was held in In all, some 96 golfers and tennis Oshman's; Kent Soudelier and Svendborg at the Maersk Drill- players enjoyed a fine day of ac- Mrs Alice Soudelier, Dowell ing Training Center. tivities. The evening was round- Schlumberger; Manfred Loren- Participants from overseas of- ed off by dinner and the presen- zen, SCAC Transport, and fices were thus given the oppor- tation of awards. James Blodgett, D.F. Young. tunity of seeing the facilities in Pictured are golfers: (left to Gregory Bakalich, Houston which the crews on the drilling right) Tony Garcia, T.J. Tnter- rigs receive their technical train- national; John Kennedy,Reading ing. As well as the budget meetings refresher courses were held, so that the participants could "brush-up" their knowledge of both drilling techniques and the use of ox- ygen equipment - an absolute necessity in areas where the dangerous gas H2S (hydrogen sulphide) can be present during drilling. Personalia

THE FLEET

Karsten Borch Jess Søderberg

On January 1, 1986, Mr Karsten Borch and Mr Jess Søderberg will become members of the Firmaet AP. Møller.

25 Years Anniversary ESPLANADEN MÆRSK OLIE OG GAS 1. Chief Engineer Jørgen Blum 3 January 2. Captain Erik Ravn 3 February 3. Chief Steward Niels E. Jerne 6 February 4. Chief Steward Tom Poul Haahr 15 March i 5. Chief Steward Benno Helmut Kaueske 28 March 40 Years Anniversary Retiring 1. Preben Olsen 1. Mogens Rørvig Retiring 1 January 31 March 6. Captain Hjalmar Mortensen 1 August 25 Years Anniversary 7. Captain Anton Martin Olsen 2. Steen R. Krabbe 1 April 23 January ORGANIZATIONS ABROAD

Retiring 3. Anker Juel Krintel ROULUND 31 December

DISA

1 2 40 Years Anniversary 1. Evelyn Dubai, New York 3 December 40 Years Anniversary 1. Børge V. Kunddal 25 Years Anniversary 24 January 1 2. Gustav Glaser, New York 25 Years Anniversary 1 January 25 Years Anniversary 1. Georg O.F. Carlsen 2. Jørgen Kent Petersen 13 February 14 March

22 THE YARD

40 Years Anniversary r-g, 1. Troels Dilling 20 December > , ,.• S Jf 25 Years Anniversary W Ills 2. Bent Erik Larsen 3 1 January 2 3. Knud Peter Jensen > 10 January ^ 4. Kaj Villy Løvkvist 1 K^Jid* New local correspondent ,r 7 •»> ( i /.A- 17. January Mr Thomas Thune Andersen, who 5. Peder Henning Larsen has been a hard-working Maersk 17 January Post correspondent for Hong Kong, 6. Hans Delf Hansen is now stationed in Guangzhou, and 17 January will therefore act as the future corre- 7. Carlo Nykjær Persson itørn-' 1 spondent for China. BP* 24 January at jf 8. Hans Pedersen 24 January 9. Thorkild Schmidt «jap»»» Obituary 10 31 January The A.P. Møller Companies regret having 10. Holger Hansen to announce the following deaths: 31 January L,*~ I 11. Anker Christensen Kirsten Andersen 31 January DISA (Herlev) vfV 12. F.H. Filstrup 27 September 2 February 12 13 13. Søren Kr. Hansen Chief Officer Jørgen Erik Pedersen 7 February ex m.s. "MAERSK HANDLER" 14. Lars Aage Bendtsen 15 October 7 February 15. Harry Jørgensen Egon Rasmussen 14 February The Yard 16. Niels Due •m 28 October 15 16 14 February 17. Kaj Bøg Poulsen Erik Hierwagen 21 February DISA (Herlev) 18. Ejnar Mortensen Jensen Wå 1 November ' "ilk 21 February 19. Jørgen Frank Bue Hansen Chief Officer Simun David Arkibald 7 March Joensen 17 18 19 20. Helge O. Hansen ex m.t. "GJERTRUD MÆRSK" 13 March ifP^ 6 November 21. Olav A. Johansen r* fe*? 17 March Knud Rasmussen 22. Arne Due The Yard 21 March 1 December m 23. Werner Bach 20 21 22 21 March Chief Engineer N.E. Carbel Sørensen 24. Ib Nowack ex t.t. "KIRSTEN MÆRSK" 23 March IS 6 December 1006 1 IH 23